title: Lysosomal alterations in heart, skeletal muscle, and liver of hyperthyroid rabbits.
abstract: Daily administration of L- or D-thyroxine for 1 week produced hypertrophy of the heart and atrophy of skeletal muscle and liver. The myocardial hypertrophy was accompanied by a rise in the activity of cathepsin D but not of cathepsin B; this was correlated with an increase in cathepsin-D-rich interstitial cells while the number of cathepsin-D-positive lysosomes in myocytes was decreased, as assessed from immunohistochemistry. In atrophying skeletal muscle (soleus and tibialis anterialis), large increases in the activities of cathepsins B and D were present. Immunohistochemical localization of cathepsin D revealed that in thyrotoxic striated muscle cells this acid proteinase had become localized diffusely in the paranuclear myoplasm. The atrophying liver of thyrotoxic rabbits also developed large increases in cathepsin D activity, but in this organ the increase was correlated with an increased number of cathepsin-D-positive secondary lysosomes without diffuse extralysosomal deposits. These observations indicate that changes in lysosomes and lysosomal enzyme activities elicited by thyrotoxicosis are tissue-specific. In some organs, the changes may be associated with net changes in protein balance or with tissue injury, but the exact functional significance of the lysosomal alterations remains uncertain.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002451:Cell Compartmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000473:pathology*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009132:Muscles / Q000473:pathology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011817:Rabbits; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014443:Tyrosine