title: Post-menopausal bleeding: a study of more than 1000 cases.
abstract: This paper reports the cause, incidence of malignancies, certain clinical features, and the time lag between the bleeding and the establishment of its cause, in the 1019 cases of post-menopausal bleeding investigated by the Universitäts-Frauenklinik in Tübingen, West Germany, between 1969 and 1972. Although many of the patients had experienced just one post-menopausal bleeding before seeking medical help, and most reported that their bleeding(s) had been "light" and of short duration, a malignancy was found in 48% of the cases. The most common were cervical cancer (228 cases) and endometrial cancer (215). 31% of the cervical cancers and 12% of the endometrial cancers were in an advanced stage of development. A clear link emerged between increased age and the incidence of malignancies, but the paper shows the importance of any type of post-menopausal bleeding, however slight, being thoroughly investigated.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D011127:Polyps / Q000150:complications; D013997:Time Factors; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*