How to apply surface water storage from a health point of view.
Surface water storage for the drinking water supply can be used for different purposes. 1. To bridge periods, in which no or not enough water can be withdrawn from the river (periods of low flow). 2. To bridge periods in which direct use of surface water is impossible because of: * a calamity in the upstream area * the concentration of certain polluting substances in the surface water is higher than the norms or acceptable levels (for instance in periods of low flow). 3. As a first step in the treatment process, quality improvement can be achieved by * levelling the concentration of non degradable substances * lowering the level of degradable substances. The reduction can often be approximated with degradation models of zero or first order. * selective intake. The design of the reservoirs must be such that the object(s) in view are achieved as good as possible. The installation and management must take care to prevent quality deterioration and if possible to contribute to an improved quality of the final drinking water.
D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D002713:Chlorine / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D009426:Netherlands; D012498:Sanitary Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis / Q000592:standards*
D002713:Chlorine; D000641:Ammonia