title: Teratogenic effects of proline analogue L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid in hamster fetuses.
abstract: The teratogenic effects of L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (LACA) were evaluated in hamsters. Single or multiple intraperitoneal injections of LACA were given on gestational days 7-12. Fetal weights were significantly reduced in several LACA-treated groups as compared to controls. The frequency of external anomalies was significantly higher than controls in only two LACA-treated groups: 7.2% in 600 mg/kg on day 12 and 9.6% in 200 mg/kg/day on days 10-12. Subcutaneous hemorrhage and cleft palate were the most frequently occurring externally visible defects. Skeletal anomalies such as retarded ossification, synchronous vertebral ossification and shortening of bones were found in a high percentage of LACA-treated fetuses. The major teratological effect of LACA appeared to be the retardation of skeletal development.
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology*; D000629:Aminopropionitrile / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D001383:Azetidinecarboxylic Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D001385:Azetines / Q000633:toxicity*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000002:abnormalities*; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006224:Cricetinae; D003980:Diazooxonorleucine / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects; D008647:Mesocricetus; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D001385:Azetines; D003980:Diazooxonorleucine; D000629:Aminopropionitrile; D001383:Azetidinecarboxylic Acid; D003094:Collagen