title: Solid-phase synthesis of crystalline glucagon.
abstract: Mammalian glucagon was synthesized by a stepwise solid-phase method. The support was an alkoxybenzyl alcohol resin, and the biphenylylisopropyloxycarbonyl group was used for temporary alpha-amino protection. After purification by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography, the 29-residue hormone was readily crystallized from water at alkaline pH. The product was homogeneous and indistinguishable from natural bovine glucagon by gel electrophoresis, ion-exchange chromatography, reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography, fluorescence spectroscopy, and amino acid analysis. The synthetic hormone was fully active in the rabbit hyperglycemia assay.
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001322:Autoanalysis; D001681:Biological Assay; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003460:Crystallization; D005934:Glucagon / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008722:Methods; D011817:Rabbits; D012116:Resins, Plant
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D012116:Resins, Plant; D005934:Glucagon