title: Saccharin effects on the urinary physiology and urothelium of the rat when administered in diet or drinking water.
abstract: Three groups of 4 rats each were given 5% saccharin in the diet, 4% saccharin in the drinking water, or control diet, and were observed for changes in urinary physiology and pathology. Rats receiving saccharin in the water showed a significantly increased urinary osmolality over control values. Rats receiving saccharin in the diet showed significant increases in food and water consumption, urine elimination, and urinary sediment. Only the latter rats exhibited histopathological changes consisting of two instances of mild hyperplasia and one instance of mild cellular vacuolization.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects; D005502:Food; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D051381:Rats; D012439:Saccharin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000187:drug effects*; D014556:Urine / Q000187:drug effects*; D014867:Water; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D012439:Saccharin