Cestodes.
A review has been made of the advances in knowledge on the treatment of tapeworm infections of man and animals from the time of the introduction to dichlorophen in 1956. This opened up the era of out-patient treatment for human tapeworm infections. The drugs studied have been compared, where possible, on the basis of estimates of the single dose ED90 or the number of treatments required to reach that efficacy at safe dose levels. During the period under review, niclosamide, introduced in 1960 has been regarded as the drug of choice for the treatment of human tapeworm infections with paromomycin as a possible alternative. The bunamidine salts, introduced in 1966 permitted the treatment of Echinococcus spp in dogs. Several treatments were required to achieve acceptable efficacy. In 1975 praziquantel was introduced and based on the ED90, a single dose at no more than 10mg/kg removed all tapeworms responsible for the cestode zoonoses and for which data are available with the exception of H. nana and D. latum; these require a higher dose rate. In the mid 1970s, several benzimidazoles and praziquantel were shown to have activity against metacestodes. This has opened up a new field of research promising a practical outcome. No progress has been made during the period under review in finding effective ovicides.
D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic / Q000469:parasitology*; D000830:Animals, Laboratory / Q000469:parasitology*; D000923:Anticestodal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002590:Cestode Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000662:veterinary; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans
D000923:Anticestodal Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations