Protection against adriamycin-induced skin necrosis in the rat by dimethyl sulfoxide and alpha-tocopherol.
Extravasation of Adriamycin during i.v. infusion can cause serious local complications. We have used a rat skin model to study the protection afforded by dimethyl sulfoxide and alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) against Adriamycin-induced skin necrosis. Topical daily application of 1 ml dimethyl sulfoxide for 2 days produced a small decrease in ulcer diameter of up to 11% at 2 weeks. Topical daily applications of 1 ml 10% alpha-tocopherol succinate in dimethyl sulfoxide for 2 days produced a marked decrease in ulcer diameter at 2 weeks of up to 68%. Daily topical application of 1 ml 10% alpha-tocopherol succinate in dimethyl sulfoxide for 7 days offered no greater protection than 2-day application. alpha-Tocopherol acetate appeared to have activity slightly less than that of alpha-tocopherol succinate in reducing ulcer size, and both compounds were considerably more active than was alpha-tocopherol alcohol. Administration of alpha-tocopherol succinate or alpha-tocopherol acetate i.p. had no significant effect upon ulcer diameter. Topically applied dimethyl sulfoxide and alpha-tocopherol may provide an effective way of treating accidentally extravasated Adriamycin in cancer patients.
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D051381:Rats; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D014810:Vitamin E; D004317:Doxorubicin; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide