Modern atrial and ventricular leads for permanent cardiac pacing.
Three hundred and fifteen transvenous pacing leads of various modern designs have been assessed over a period of three years. Of these, 103 were implanted in the atrium and 212 in the ventricle. Screw-in leads in the right atrial appendage and short tined leads in the ventricle have resulted in the virtual elimination of lead displacement, and a very low incidence of other lead related problems. In two lead systems it has been found advantageous to have both leads constructed of urethane.
D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004867:Equipment Design; D006325:Heart Atria; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial