title: A system matrix for astigmatic optical systems: I. Introduction and dioptric power relations.
abstract: A single 4 X 4 system matrix is used to represent the para-axial properties of optical systems consisting of separated obliquely crossed spherocylindrical lenses. The 4 X 4 system matrix is a generalization and combination of the 2 X 2 Gaussian system matrix for spherical optical systems, and the 2 X 2 dioptric power matrix for a single spherocylindrical lens or for obliquely crossed spherocylindrical lenses in contact with each other. The 4 X 4 system matrix approach simplifies both the conceptual and numerical analysis of complicated astigmatic systems.
mesh_terms: D001251:Astigmatism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D055095:Optics and Photonics