title: Acute effects of 2-nitropropane on rat liver and brain.
abstract: Intraperitoneal injection (50 mg/kg) of 2-nitropropane (2-NP) induced lipid accumulation, centrilobular necrosis, degranulation of rough endoplasmic reticulum, proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial abnormalities in rat liver 24 h after exposure. These pathological changes were accompanied by elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) levels. Hepatic glutathione content increased rapidly in exposed rats. 2-NP depressed markedly hepatic cytochrome P-450 and microsomal monooxygenase activity while the enzyme, epoxide hydratase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and cytosolic glutathione peroxidase were enhanced. 2-NP caused an increase of acetylcholine esterase activity in the brain. This effect was also detected in synaptosomes isolated from exposed rats. The results suggest peroxidative damage in the cells.
mesh_terms: D000473:Alkanes / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism; D009595:Nitroparaffins / Q000633:toxicity*; D011407:Propane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000473:Alkanes; D009595:Nitroparaffins; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D005978:Glutathione; C016617:2-nitropropane; D011407:Propane