title: Chemical monitoring of urine from workers potentially exposed to benzidine-derived azo dyes.
abstract: Benzidine (Bzd) and monoacetylbenzidine (MoAcBzd) were found in the urine of workers exposed to benzidine-based azo dyes. A colorimetric screening method, based on the reaction of extracted free aromatic amines with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS), was used with a specific electron-capture gas chromatographic (EC-GC) method. Alkaline hydrolyzable conjugates of Bzd and 2,4-diaminoazobenzene (DiAmAzBz) were found together with free DiAmAzBz and traces of 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine (DiMeBzd) and 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine (DiMxBzd). The presence of a known human bladder carcinogen (Bzd) and its metabolites in the urine of workers exposed to benzidine-based azo dyes is a cause for concern.
mesh_terms: D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000506:poisoning; D001560:Benzidines / Q000652:urine*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000506:poisoning; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D006801:Humans; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D009787:Occupational Medicine; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D001560:Benzidines; D004396:Coloring Agents; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid