title: The Robin anomalad (Pierre Robin syndrome)--a follow up study.
abstract: During a 10-year period 55 patients with the Robin anomalad were admitted to the Liverpool Regional Cleft Palate Units. Fourteen (25%) children died. All deaths were within 3 months of birth. Congenital abnormalities other than mandibular retrognathia and cleft palate were present in 14 (26%) children. Peripheral limb defects were particularly common. Thirty children were recalled and reviewed to assess speech, hearing, growth, and educational achievement. There was a clear association between severe nasal escape of air in speech and atypical articulatory patterns. Almost half the children tested had abnormal articulation. Only 4 (13%) of 30 children showed delayed language development. Half the children tested audiometrically showed a binaural handicap but in only one patient was this sufficiently severe to warrant amplification. There was no trend towards abnormalities of growth and only 2 children could be firmly classified as educationally subnormal.
mesh_terms: D002657:Child Development; D002663:Child Language; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006128:Growth; D006309:Hearing; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007360:Intelligence; D010855:Pierre Robin Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*