title: Estimation of fitness reduction due to a chronic disease in man.
abstract: An improved mathematical method is presented for estimating the amount of fitness reduction due to a chronic disease by using demographic data. It is shown that Cavalli-Sforza and Bodmer's equivalent formula gives an underestimate. Application of the new formula indicates that the selective difference between blood groups O and A, resulting from their association with duodenal ulcer, is 6.4 X 10(-5), i.e. ten times higher than Cavalli-Sforza and Bodmer's estimate.
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System / Q000235:genetics; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003710:Demography; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008957:Models, Genetic; D012641:Selection, Genetic
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System