title: The muscle elongation test in functional esotropias. Statistical survey of 211 cases.
abstract: Study of the muscle elongation test in 211 patients with convergent squints who never have been operated on previously reveals that about 35% of cases display abnormal muscle stretching; 48 cases retain a lasting anesthetic angle in spite of a normal elongation test. Particularly significant correlations exist between a positive muscle elongation test and the degree of clinical oculogyric spasm, electro-oculographic motor impairments, squint deviation degrees, and age at strabismus onset. All these correlations prove that viscoelastic anomalies of the ocular muscles are secondary to supranuclear innervational impairments. In addition, both together have an asymmetrical degree on each eye in more than half the cases. The authors conclude that, in order to choose the correct surgical procedure, the results of the anesthetic and muscle elongation tests must be taken into account.
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004548:Elasticity; D004948:Esotropia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013285:Strabismus / Q000175:diagnosis*