title: Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection presenting as acute rheumatic fever.
abstract: We describe five children in whom symptoms and signs fully consistent with a diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever arose in association with infection by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. With the decline of streptococcal disease as a causative agent of acute rheumatic fever, other etiologic possibilities capable of reproducing the clinical syndrome - especially Mycoplasma pneumoniae - should be considered, as this may have therapeutic and prognostic implications.
mesh_terms: D001799:Blood Sedimentation; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011019:Pneumonia, Mycoplasma / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012213:Rheumatic Fever / Q000175:diagnosis*