title: Drug interactions of levamisole with pyrantel tartrate and dichlorvos in pigs.
abstract: The LD50 from subcutaneous administration of levamisole in castrated male pigs (15 to 25 kg) was established as 39.8 mg/kg. Oral administration of dichlorvos (60 mg/kg, 3 times the anthelmintic dosage level) 1 hour before levamisole injection lowered blood cholinesterase activity to approximately 60% that of the controls, but did not change the LD50 of levamisole. In contrast, oral administration of pyrantel tartrate (25 mg/kg, an anthelmintic dosage level) did not lower blood cholinesterase activity, but rather, increased the toxicity by lowering the LD50 of levamisole from 39.8 mg/kg to 27.5 mg/kg. The data supported the hypothesis that levamisole toxicity was enhanced by nicotine-like compounds (ie, pyrantel), but was not affected by organophosphates (ie, dichlorvos).
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000097:blood; D004006:Dichlorvos / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D007978:Levamisole / Q000506:poisoning / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D011715:Pyrantel / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D011717:Pyrantel Tartrate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013552:Swine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007978:Levamisole; D011715:Pyrantel; D004006:Dichlorvos; D002802:Cholinesterases; D011717:Pyrantel Tartrate