Drug interactions of levamisole with pyrantel tartrate and dichlorvos in pigs.
The LD50 from subcutaneous administration of levamisole in castrated male pigs (15 to 25 kg) was established as 39.8 mg/kg. Oral administration of dichlorvos (60 mg/kg, 3 times the anthelmintic dosage level) 1 hour before levamisole injection lowered blood cholinesterase activity to approximately 60% that of the controls, but did not change the LD50 of levamisole. In contrast, oral administration of pyrantel tartrate (25 mg/kg, an anthelmintic dosage level) did not lower blood cholinesterase activity, but rather, increased the toxicity by lowering the LD50 of levamisole from 39.8 mg/kg to 27.5 mg/kg. The data supported the hypothesis that levamisole toxicity was enhanced by nicotine-like compounds (ie, pyrantel), but was not affected by organophosphates (ie, dichlorvos).
D000818:Animals; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000097:blood; D004006:Dichlorvos / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D007978:Levamisole / Q000506:poisoning / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D011715:Pyrantel / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D011717:Pyrantel Tartrate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013552:Swine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism
D007978:Levamisole; D011715:Pyrantel; D004006:Dichlorvos; D002802:Cholinesterases; D011717:Pyrantel Tartrate