Physicochemical property modification strategies based on enzyme substrate specificities I: rationale, synthesis, and pharmaceutical properties of aspirin derivatives.
A rationale is developed for drug physicochemical property modification based on making derivatives that are substrates for known enzymes. The approach requires knowledge of the enzyme-substrate specificities to select the appropriate derivative. As a class, the digestive enzymes represent possible reconversion sites. It is shown that by using only known specificities of these enzymes, the physicochemical properties of a drug may be modified in almost any manner desired by appropriate derivative choice, with enzymatic regeneration remaining effective. The strategy is applied to making a stable aspirin derivative that is activated in vivo. Of the derivatives made, aspirin phenylalanine ethyl ester was shown to be stable in suspension form for over 4 years. It was also shown that aspirin is regenerated form the derivative in the presence of the enzymes alpha-chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase in vitro. This biochemical approach to drug physicochemical property modification offers a new and powerful rationale for improving drug product efficacy.
D000588:Amines; D001241:Aspirin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D002268:Carboxypeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D043422:Carboxypeptidases A; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D004355:Drug Stability; D010649:Phenylalanine; D012995:Solubility; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D000588:Amines; D010649:Phenylalanine; D002268:Carboxypeptidases; D043422:Carboxypeptidases A; D001241:Aspirin