title: Theophylline toxicity after the use of aminophylline in the treatment of cerebral vasospasm.
abstract: We are reporting a case of theophylline toxicity after the initiation of i.v. aminophylline and isoproterenol in the treatment of cerebral vasospasm. The dose of aminophylline (125 mg/hour) previously recommended results in a toxic serum theophylline concentration in a majority of patients if the infusion is continued for more than 24 to 48 hours. The rapid achievement of an optimal serum level is obtained with a standard loading dose of 8.0 mg/kg. The initial infusion rate should be based on calculated pharmacokinetic data. Maintenance dosing adjustments are then based on serum determinations and the presence of toxic effects.
mesh_terms: D000628:Aminophylline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000139:chemically induced; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D013806:Theophylline / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000628:Aminophylline; D013806:Theophylline; D007545:Isoproterenol