title: Oral amrinone in refractory congestive heart failure.
abstract: The acute effects of an oral preparation of amrinone, a recently synthesized cardiotonic agent, were assessed noninvasively in nine patients who had advanced heart failure that persisted despite treatment with digitalis, diuretic drugs and afterload-reducing agents. All patients demonstrated an improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction determined by radionuclide ventriculography (20.3 +/- 2.8 to 30.8 +/- 4.8 percent [mean +/- standard error of the mean], p less than 0.005) after a single dose of amrinone. Initial effects were seen within 1 hour, with the peak effect occurring at 1 to 3 hours; persistent effects were demonstrable at 4 to 6 hours. No change in blood pressure, heart rate or rhythm was observed, and there was no clinical evidence of myocardial ischemia. Continued benefit was demonstrated by radionuclide ventriculography in two patients treated for 1 and 6 weeks, respectively, although two other patients experienced major side effects with the chronic administration of amrinone. Although orally administered amrinone shows promise  as a potentially useful agent in the treatment of advanced heart failure, the safety of this drug remains to be established.
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000631:Aminopyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000676:Amrinone; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000188:drug therapy; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000631:Aminopyridines; D000676:Amrinone