Parathyroid arteriography.
Parathyroid arteriography and venous sampling for parathormone are the best techniques presently available for preoperative localization of hyperplastic and neoplastic parathyroid tissue.  Inaccuracy of the technique, risk of complications, and relatively high cost make the routine use of arteriography and venous sampling inappropriate.  They are, however, a useful preoperative adjunct in the patient who has undergone a previously unsuccessful neck exploration.
D000792:Angiography / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D001766:Blindness / Q000209:etiology; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D010279:Parathyroid Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010280:Parathyroid Glands / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010690:Phlebography / Q000379:methods; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000209:etiology