title: Comparative tumor-initiating activity of methylated benzo(a)pyrene derivatives in mouse skin.
abstract: The abilities of various mono and dimethyl derivatives of benzo(a)pyrene (BP) to initiate skin tumors in mice were determined by using a two-stage system of tumorigenesis. 11-Methylbenzo(a)pyrene was found to be approximately 3 times more active as a tumor initiator than was the parent hydrocarbon; 1-methyl benzo(a)pyrene was about twice as active as was BP. Substitution of a methyl group in positions 7, 8, 9, or 10 of BP, which would be involved in a bay-region diol-epoxide, completely counteracts the tumor-initiating ability of BP. 3-, 4-, and 12-methyl-benzo(a)pyrenes and activity equivalent to that of BP, whereas 2-, 5-, and 6-methylbenzo(a)pyrenes, as well as 1,2-, 4,5-, 1,6-, and 3,6-dimethylbenzo(a)pyrenes, were all less active than BP. The concepts of steric inhibition of metabolic activation and stereospecific activation are suggested to explain the tumor-initiating activities of various methylated derivatives.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001580:Benzopyrenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D005260:Female; D008745:Methylation; D051379:Mice; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced; D010212:Papilloma / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
chemical_list: D001580:Benzopyrenes; C023671:methylbenzo(a)pyrene; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate