title: Natural and immune cytolysis of canine distemper virus-infected target cells.
abstract: Natural and immune cytolysis of canine distemper virus (CDV)-infected target cells in vitro is described. Lymphocytes expressing natural cytotoxicity were found in specific-pathogen-free beagle dogs and in beagle-coonhound crosses before vaccination with CDV and indefinitely after vaccination, when the ephemeral immune lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (ILMC) had declined. In contrast to the natural lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity, the ILMC was genetically restricted, could not be blocked by CDV-specific antibody, and was effective against measles virus-infected as well as CDV-infectd target cells. Lymphocyte populations were depleted of Fc receptor and surface immunoglobulin-bearing cells by rosetting techniques and tested in comparison. An antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity was demostrated against CDV-infected target cells that were preincubated with CDV antibody when Fc receptor-bearing lymphocytes were not removed. The ILMC was measurable for approximately 10 days beginning at 6 days post-vaccination. In contrast, CDV antibody measured by virus neutralization and humoral cytotoxicity was detectable by 6 days postvaccination and persisted at peak levels for at least 5 months.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D004216:Distemper / Q000276:immunology*; D004217:Distemper Virus, Canine / Q000276:immunology*; D004285:Dogs; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D008459:Measles virus / Q000276:immunology; D011961:Receptors, Fc; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D011961:Receptors, Fc