title: Quantitative risk assessment.
abstract: This paper presents a brief survey of current methodology available for quantitative risk assessment of environmental carcinogens. Four current models for low-dose extrapolation are reviewed. Current problems and controversies and possible options in doing quantitative risk assessments based on chronic animal studies are discussed.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens