title: Epidural analgesia for elective Caesarean section. Technique and its assessment.
abstract: A technique is described of epidural anaesthesia for electric Caesarean section which has a 98% success rate, and an acceptably low incidence of intra-operative pain. The essentials of the technique are to produce and maintain complete sensory block from S5 to T6, employing a two-stage injection of bupivacaine 0.5% (mean dose 23 ml) and the use of gravity to ensure sacral block. Despite the use of preoperative fluid loading and avoidance of caval occlusion, transitory hypotension occurred in 16% of patients. Vomiting, which occurred in 18% of patients, is a minor but distressing complication.
mesh_terms: D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D001034:Apgar Score; D002045:Bupivacaine; D002585:Cesarean Section; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000209:etiology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D014839:Vomiting / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D002045:Bupivacaine