title: Porcine (Sus scrofa domestica) chromosome identification and suggested nomenclature.
abstract: Various banding techniques have been used for chromosome analysis in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domestica). The techniques used in karyotype analysis were Q-banding by (CMA)2S, trypsin-G-banding, BrdU-Acridine-Orange R-Banding and C-banding. Sequential staining techniques of quinacrine-Giemsa were used to record the length of each chromosome and determine arm ratios. Sequential Quinacrine-Giemsa-Ag-AS treatment was used to locate the nucleolar organizer (NOR) on specific chromosomes. A G-C specific fluorochrome was used for reverse fluorescent banding and to differentiate certain chromosome regions which may contain G + C rich DNA. Unequivocal identification of all individual autosomes and sex-chromosomes in the porcine complement is now possible. The X-chromosome of the species has a banding pattern similar to the human X-chromosome. A nomenclature system similar to that used for human chromosomes is proposed for the G-banded and Q-banded karyotype of the domestic pig. The results of C-banding and olivomycin fluorescent banding suggest that at least three types of heterochromatin are contained in the porcine genome.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001399:Azure Stains; D002871:Chromosome Banding; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000145:classification* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D011796:Quinacrine; D013552:Swine / Q000235:genetics*; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D001399:Azure Stains; D011796:Quinacrine