title: Treatment of refractory congestive heart failure and normokalemic hypochloremic alkalosis with acetazolamide and spironolactone.
abstract: Combination therapy with a loop diuretic and an aldosterone antagonist can produce normokalemic hypochloremic alkalosis, a complication not previously documented in the literature. This report describes 74 patients who had severe congestive heart failure treated with a combination of furosemide and spironolactone in whom this complication developed. Acetazolamide corrected the metabolic abnormality. The combination of furosemide and spironolactone with intermittent courses of acetazolamide was very effective in the treatment of severe congestive heart failure complicated by normokalemic hypochloremic alkalosis.
mesh_terms: D000086:Acetazolamide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000368:Aged; D000471:Alkalosis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000097:blood; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005665:Furosemide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D013148:Spironolactone; D005665:Furosemide; D000086:Acetazolamide; D011188:Potassium