title: Perturbance analysis of nuclear determination in Tetrahymena: effects of nutrition, cell extracts, and CaCl2 on A/B hybrids.
abstract: Mating type frequencies were ascertained among the progeny of crosses of strains A x B, Tetrahymena thermophila under a number of different circumstances. The frequencies are different if the parents are severely starved than if they are well-fed at the time of conjugation; severe starvation of the progeny before the first post-zygotic division has an effect similar to that of starving the parents. Mating type frequencies may also be modified by isolating conjugating pairs into cell extracts before the new macronuclei begin to develop; the changes do not appear to be related in a meaningful way to the mating type of the cells used as a source of the cell extracts. A third means of changing the mating type frequencies involves the exposure of conjugating pairs to CaCl2 solutions. Finally, changed frequency patterns may appear "spontaneously", and reflect either some as yet unsuspected environmental variable, or else an intrinsic metastable state that conditions the probabilities of mating type fixation. With the exception of the starvation effects, the pattern variations seem to fall into two groups. No satisfactory mechanism to account for these results is yet available.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000187:drug effects*; D010641:Phenotype; D013217:Starvation; D013768:Tetrahymena / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D002122:Calcium Chloride