title: Free calcium in heart muscle at rest and during contraction measured with Ca2+ -sensitive microelectrodes.
abstract: Direct measurements of free Ca2+ in heart cells are needed for an understanding of the regulation of contractility. We developed and used Ca2+ -sensitive microelectrodes with fine tips, stable properties and ample sensitivity to free Ca2+ in the sub-micromolar range. In quiescent ventricular muscle, measurements which passed tests for electrode sealing and cell viability gave a mean free Ca2+ concentration of 0.26 microM. During contractures, we recorded Ca2+ transients rising as high as 10 microM. In studying the effects of catecholamines on free Ca2+ and force, we found evidence that adrenaline can reduce myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity in intact heart muscle.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D005289:Ferrets; D008839:Microelectrodes / Q000295:instrumentation; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D002118:Calcium