Determination of dose-plasma concentration relationship of phenobarbital in epileptic patients by a new specific radioimmunoassay.
A new phenobarbital hapten, 1-(4-carboxybutyl)-phenobarbital (CBP) was synthesized. Antiserum obtained from a rabbit immunized with CBP-bovine serum albumin conjugates is specific for phenobarbital and does not substantially cross-react with a major metabolite, p-hydroxyphenobarbital. The antiserum was used to develop a sensitive radioimmunoassay which could determine as little as 100 pg of phenobarbital. The radioimmunoassay was applied to the determination of plasma phenobarbital concentrations in epileptic patients and the results were compared with those obtained by a spectrophotometric technique (r = 0.950, P < 0.01). A significant dose-plasma concentration relationship for phenobarbital was observed in epileptic patients treated with phenobarbital for more than a month.
D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D002417:Cattle; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011817:Rabbits; D011863:Radioimmunoassay / Q000379:methods; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine
D000906:Antibodies; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D010634:Phenobarbital