title: The O2--producing enzyme of human neutrophils. Further properties.
abstract: The enzyme responsible for the respiratory burst in human neutrophils is a membrane-bound oxidase that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to O2- at the expense of a reduced pyridine nucleotide. We describe further properties of the solubilized oxidase. The rates of O2- production and NADPH consumption are consistent with the stoichiometry: 2 O2 + NADPH leads to 2 O2- + NADP The enzyme is highly specific for oxygen, failing to reduce several artificial electron acceptors including ferricyanide. FAD, an essential cofactor, binds tightly to the enzyme, as indicated by a Km of 61 nM. A requirement for a free --SH group is suggested by a 2-fold increase in activity in the presence of low concentrations of dithiothreitol; the higher dithiothreitol concentrations lead to inhibition. The solubilized enzyme is highly unstable, losing one-half its activity after 1 h at room temperature. Loss of activity is accelerated 2- to 3-fold by salts and EDTA. The substrate analog 2',5'-ADP is similar to other salts in its effect on the inactivation rate. ATP, on the other hand, causes loss of activity in seconds, raising the possibility that ATP is a physiological regulator of the catalytic activity of the enzyme.
mesh_terms: D002413:Cations, Divalent; D004229:Dithiothreitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004355:Drug Stability; D004579:Electron Transport; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000097:blood*; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000201:enzymology*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D002413:Cations, Divalent; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C022709:superoxide-forming enzyme; D004229:Dithiothreitol