Effects of NiCl2 and NiO in Wistar rats after oral uptake and inhalation exposure respectively.
The effects of NiCl2 and NiO after oral uptake and after inhalation exposure respectively were investigated in three experiments, using clinical and clinico-chemical methods. I. Oral application of NiCl2 in male rats over a period of 28 days. The NiCl2 concentrations were 2.5; 5.0 and 10.0 microgram/ml in drinking water. II. Inhalation exposure of male rats with NiO-aerosols (0.2; 0.4 and 0.8 mg/m3) over a period of 28 days. III. Inhalation exposure of non-pregnant and pregnant rats with NiO-aerosols (0.8; 1.6 and 3.2 mg/m3) over a period of 21 days. After oral application of NiCl2 and inhalation exposure of NiO in male rats a significant dose-dependent hyperglycaemia occurred. In contrast of these findings the serum glucose content in non-pregnant rats exposed to Ni-concentrations of 0.8 and 1.6 mg/m3 were content in non-pregnant rats exposed to Ni-concentrations of 0.8 and 1.6 mg/m3 were significantly reduced. After NiO inhalation (1.6 and 3.2 mg/m3), exposure signs of a marked macrocytosis occurred in pregnant and non-pregnant rats. The oral application of NiCl2 in drinking water in male rats induced a significant decrease of urea in serum and a significant increase of urea in urine. The activity of alkaline phosphatase in serum was inhibited in male rats exposed to 0.4 and 0.8 mg/m3 NiO-aerosols. No significant difference in serum protein pattern and no 'nickeloplasmin' was detected by serumelectrophoresis and tandem-crossed immunoelectrophoresis after oral inhalation exposure in male rats. Fetuses of exposed dams showed in the groups receiving 1.6 and 3.2 mg/m3 significantly reduced body weights.
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D001769:Blood / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002712:Chlorides / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009532:Nickel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats
D000336:Aerosols; D002712:Chlorides; C022838:nickel chloride; D009532:Nickel; C028007:nickel monoxide