title: Pseudotumor at the confluence of the hepatic ducts as a pitfall of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography.
abstract: Four patients with jaundice who had misleading diagnoses as a result of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography are reported upon. Three of these patients actually had calculous disease and the fourth had pancreatic disease. The levels of obstruction were also roentgenographically inaccurate in three of the four patients. The primary cause of the error appears to be poor mixing of the contrast material with viscid stagnant bile, resulting in blurred definition and failure of the contrast material to traverse the common bile duct.
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001661:Biliary Tract Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002758:Cholangiography; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D001651:Cholestasis, Extrahepatic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005260:Female; D006500:Hepatic Duct, Common / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*