title: Use of dissociative anesthetics for the immobilization of captive bears: blood gas, hematology and biochemistry values.
abstract: Nineteen bears, representing five species (Helarctos malayanus, Ursus americanus, Ursus arctos, Tremarctos ornatus, Melursus ursinus) were immobilized a total of 52 times using either phencyclidine-promazine or tiletamine-zolazepam. Blood gas, hematology, and serum biochemistry values were determined during the immobilizations. Immobilizations conducted with tiletamine-zolazepam were characterized by rapid induction and recovery times, good muscle relaxation, and relative freedom from convulsions. Bears immobilized with phencyclidine-promazine had longer induction and recovery times and showed convulsive activity in 29% of the trials with that combination.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000836:Animals, Zoo; D002335:Carnivora / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007103:Immobilization; D008297:Male; D008722:Methods; D010622:Phencyclidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011395:Promazine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013045:Species Specificity; D013992:Tiletamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001503:Ursidae / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D015041:Zolazepam / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D013992:Tiletamine; D015041:Zolazepam; D010622:Phencyclidine; D011395:Promazine