Interrelationship between anionic and cationic forms of glutathione S-transferases of human liver.
Human liver glutathione S-transferases (GSH S-transferases) were fractionated into cationic and anionic proteins. During fractionation with (NH4)2SO4 the anionic GSH S-transferases are concentrated in the 65%-saturated-(NH4)2SO4 fraction, whereas the cationic GSH S-transferases separate in the 80%-saturated-(NH4)2SO4 fraction. From the 65%-saturated-(NH4)2SO4 fraction two new anionic GSH S-transferases, omega and psi, were purified to homogeneity by using ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, Sephadex G-200 gel filtration, affinity chromatography on GSH bound to epoxy-activated Sepharose and isoelectric focusing. By a similar procedure, cationic GSH S-transferases were purified from the 80%-saturated-(NH4)2SO4 fraction. Isoelectric points of GSH S-transferases omega and psi are 4.6 and 5.4 respectively. GSH S-transferase omega is the major anionic GSH S-transferase of human liver, whereas GSH S-transferase psi is present only in traces. The subunit mol.wt. of GSH S-transferase omega is about 22500, whereas that of cationic GSH S-transferases is about 24500. Kinetic and structural properties as well as the amino acid composition of GSH S-transferase omega are described. The antibodies raised against cationic GSH S-transferases cross-react with GSH S-transferase omega. There are significant differences between the catalytic properties of GSH S-transferase omega and the cationic GSH S-transferases. GSH peroxidase II activity is displayed by all five cationic GSH S-transferases, whereas both anionic GSH S-transferases do not display this activity.
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000838:Anions; D002412:Cations; D003429:Cross Reactions; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*
D000596:Amino Acids; D000838:Anions; D002412:Cations; D007527:Isoenzymes; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase