Iceberg of the nose.
Often in rhinoplasty, adequate osteotomies and mobilization of the nasal bones fail to close the dorsum--leaving an open roof deformity. Preexisting conditions and certain anatomical relationships contribute to this problem. The various methods of correcting the deformity are discussed and the author's approach presented.
D006801:Humans; D009667:Nose Deformities, Acquired / Q000601:surgery*; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*