title: Effect of cobalt on synthesis and activation of Bacillus licheniformis alkaline phosphatase.
abstract: The effect of CO2+ on the synthesis and activation of Bacillus licheniformis MC14 alkaline phosphatase has been shown by the development of a defined minimal salts medium in which this organism produces 35 times more (assayable) alkaline phosphatase than when grown in a low-phosphate complex medium or in the defined medium without cobalt. Stimulation of enzyme activity with cobalt is dependent on a low phosphate concentration in the medium (below 0.075 mM) and continued protein synthesis. Cobalt stimulation resulted in alkaline phosphate production being a major portion of total protein synthesized during late-logarithmic and early-stationary-phase culture growth. Cells cultured in the defined medium minus cobalt, or purified enzyme partially inactivated with a chelating agent, showed a 2.5-fold increase in activity when assayed in the presence of cobalt. Atomic spectral analysis indicated the presence of 3.65 +/- 0.45 g-atoms of cobalt associated with each mole of purified active alkaline phosphatase. A biochemical localization as a function of culture age in this medium showed that alkaline phosphatase was associated with the cytoplasmic membrane and was also found as a soluble enzyme in the periplasmic region and secreted into the growth medium.
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D001407:Bacillus / Q000201:enzymology*; D002413:Cations, Divalent; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000201:enzymology; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000494:pharmacology; D003035:Cobalt / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D010710:Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002413:Cations, Divalent; D010710:Phosphates; D003035:Cobalt; D002701:Chloramphenicol; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase