title: How to diagnose rubella during pregnancy.
abstract: Diagnosis of rubella during pregnancy is a challenge in a woman who is seronegative at the initial prenatal visit or in whom there has been no prior testing for rubella immunity. Detection of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody is usually the best test. Diagnosis depends on a fourfold rise in antibody titer between paired acute and convalescent sera. In certain circumstances, it is necessary to ascertain complement-fixing antibody, fluorescent antibody or rubella-specific IgM.
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D005260:Female; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000032:analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D011295:Prenatal Care; D012409:Rubella / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M