title: Equilibrium analysis for the forces in the human spinal column and its musculature.
abstract: The equations of equilibrium are set up for the thoracic and lumbar spine and involve body weight, external load, muscle forces, and intervertebral reactions. These equations are solved using a linear programming technique that minimizes the total force in the system. The solution gives numeric values for the muscle forces and intervertebral reactions. The results for a subject in progressive forward flexion and in lateral bend are presented. Also examined are the effects of three different orthotic devices on the muscle forces of a patient with a scoliotic spine.
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002648:Child; D003201:Computers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics; D008954:Models, Biological; D009132:Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D004856:Postural Balance; D011187:Posture; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D013131:Spine / Q000502:physiology*