Glucose transporter gene expression: regulation of transcription and mRNA stability.
The facilitated diffusion of D-glucose across the plasma membrane is carried out by a set of stereospecific transport proteins known as the glucose transporters. These integral membrane proteins are members of a gene family where tissue-specific expression of one or more members will determine in part the net rate of glucose entry into the cell. The regulation of glucose transporter gene expression is a critical feature of cellular homeostasis, as defects in specific transporter expression can lead to profound alterations in cellular physiology. In this review, we provide a brief descriptive background on the family of glucose transporters and examine in depth the regulation of the two transporters expressed in adipose tissue, GLUTI, a basal growth-related transporter and GLUT4, the insulin-responsive glucose transporter.
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000097:blood; D006728:Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*
D006133:Growth Substances; D006728:Hormones; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger