title: An overview of treatment options for lower airway obstruction.
abstract: Effectively treating airway stenosis is a challenging problem for the otolaryngologist-head and neck surgeon. A number of options are available. The most effective management requires an approach that is flexible and individualized for each patient. This article outlines the available options and highlights the indications, techniques, results, and potential complications of each.
mesh_terms: D004724:Endoscopy; D006099:Granuloma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy; D015607:Stents; D014132:Trachea / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014135:Tracheal Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D014139:Tracheostomy