title: The cytoplasmic tail of CD4 is required for inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by antibodies that bind to the immunoglobulin CDR3-like region in domain 1 of CD4.
abstract: Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) directed against the immunoglobulin complementary determining region 3 (CDR3)-like region of the CD4 molecule inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcription. We report here data showing that the cytoplasmic tail of CD4 is required for such inhibition to be achieved. To this aim, we studied the effect of MAb 13B8-2 treatment on (i) HIV-1 production in A2.01 cells, which express different forms of the CD4 gene, (ii) Tat-induced HIV-1 promoter activation, and (iii) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, which is induced in CD4-positive cells by HIV-1 cross-linking of CD4. Inhibition of HIV production by 13B8-2 MAb treatment was consistently observed in cells expressing wild-type CD4 and cells expressing a hybrid CD4-CD8 molecule (amino acids 1 to 177 of CD4 fused to the hinge, transmembrane, and cytoplasmic domains of CD8). However, no delay in HIV-1 production was observed in cells expressing a truncated CD4 which lacks the cytoplasmic domain (CD4.401). Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assays demonstrated that Tat-dependent activation of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat promoter was inhibited by MAb 13B8-2 in A2.01/CD4 and A2.01/CD4-CD8 but not in A2.01/CD4.401 cells. Finally, we found that MAb 13B8-2 treatment inhibited the activation of MAPK induced in A2.01/CD4 and A2.01/CD4-CD8 following cross-linking of CD4 by HIV-1.
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D001666:Binding Sites, Antibody; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002999:Clone Cells; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D017260:Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000502:physiology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes; D014162:Transfection; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D017260:Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases