An experimental model to determine the effect of irradiated tissue on neutrophil function.
Complications of irradiated tissue include infections and impaired healing. Although fibrosis and hypovascularity contribute, a cellular mechanism has not been identified. This study examines the effect of radiation (10 to 30 Gy) on neutrophil function in a rabbit wound cylinder model. At 3 to 12 weeks after radiation, subcutaneous wound cylinders were implanted in both irradiated and control fields in 19 rabbits. Wound neutrophils were subsequently assayed for phagocytosis (3H-labeled Staphylococcus aureus assay), superoxide production (cytochrome c reduction assay), and surface Mac-1 expression (flow cytometric assay using MHM 23 monoclonal antibody). Phagocytosis of 3H-labeled S. aureus was significantly lower in neutrophils from irradiated fields compared with controls at 6 and 12 weeks after radiation (6.5 versus 18.9 bacteria per neutrophil at 12 weeks; p = 0.027). Stimulated neutrophils from irradiated tissue could not increase superoxide production or Mac-1 expression as much as controls, with differences increasing as postirradiation time increased. The diminished phagocytosis, superoxide production, and Mac-1 expression provide a cellular mechanism that may account for susceptibility to infection and poor healing in irradiated tissues.
D000818:Animals; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000502:physiology*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D011817:Rabbits; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen; D013481:Superoxides