Glomerular actions of arginine vasotocin in the in situ perfused trout kidney.
Recent measurements of plasma arginine vasotocin (AVT) in teleost fish suggest circulating concentrations of 10(-10)-10(-12)M. Previous studies of the renal actions of AVT in vivo suggest both diuretic and antidiuretic effects, but at unknown circulating concentrations. We have investigated the renal actions of 10(-9) and 10(-11) M AVT in vitro using an in situ perfused kidney preparation of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). AVT increased vascular resistance (56%), reduced perfusate flow (P < 0.001), and increased interrenal aortic pressure (P < 0.001). AVT resulted in dose-dependent decreases in urine flow rates, glomerular filtration rates, and tubular transport maxima for glucose. AVT at 10(-11) M reduced relative free water clearances (P < 0.01), but urine/plasma inulin ratios were unchanged, whereas 10(-9)M AVT reduced urine/plasma inulin ratios (P < 0.01) and increased relative free water clearances (P < 0.05). The filtering population of glomeruli was reduced by both 10(-11) and 10(-9)M AVT to approximately one-third of the glomeruli, and a similar population of arterially perfused but nonfiltering glomeruli emerged. These results demonstrate that physiological concentrations of AVT have potent glomerular antidiuretic action in the trout, reducing the number of functional glomeruli, and imply reduced individual nephron filtration rates.
D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000187:drug effects*; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D009399:Nephrons / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000502:physiology*; D009929:Organ Size; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010477:Perfusion; D011312:Pressure; D014668:Vasotocin / Q000494:pharmacology*
D014668:Vasotocin