title: Chiasmal syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chiasmal syndrome is the constellation of signs and symptoms that are associated with lesions of the optic chiasm. Pituitary adenoma is its single most common cause.
  
  
  METHODS
  A MEDLINE search of the biomedical literature was conducted to uncover papers on topics related to chiasmal syndrome published since 1989.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MEDLINE search retrieved a total of 163 citations. Each citation was screened for relevance. Copies of each relevant paper were obtained and their references were examined for any publications that the original search may have missed and for older publications that continue to be of importance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This review article discusses the etiology, diagnosis, and management of chiasmal syndrome.
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000150:complications; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D009759:Nystagmus, Pathologic / Q000175:diagnosis; D015840:Oculomotor Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D009896:Optic Atrophy / Q000175:diagnosis; D009897:Optic Chiasm / Q000473:pathology*; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D010211:Papilledema / Q000175:diagnosis; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D013577:Syndrome; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D014794:Visual Fields