Programme for preventing perinatal hepatitis B infection through screening of pregnant women and immunisation of infants of infected mothers in The Netherlands, 1989-92. National Hepatitis B Steering Committee.
OBJECTIVE
To launch a programme for the prevention of perinatal infection with hepatitis B in the Netherlands.


METHODS
Routine antenatal screening and intervention programme.


METHODS
Community antenatal programme, the Netherlands.


METHODS
Infants of mothers who were carriers of hepatitis B detected by routine screening.


METHODS
Infants of infected mothers received hepatitis B immunoglobulin at birth and four doses of hepatitis B vaccine in conjunction with routine immunisation at 3, 4, 5, and 11 months of age.


METHODS
Results of screening and immunisation from 1989-92.


RESULTS
The coverage of screening increased from 46% in 1989 to 84% in 1992. Hepatitis B surface antigen was detected in 2145 women (0.44%). The coverage of postnatal immunoprophylaxis in 1645 neonates born to mothers who were carriers of hepatitis B was 85% (1391); in 3% (42) there was a delay in administration of immunoglobulin of over 24 hours. In 1991, 96% (537), 95% (532), 94% (525), and 87% (489) of the infants received the first, second, third, and fourth dose of vaccine, respectively. There was considerable variation in the timing of vaccination; 17% (258) of the infants received their first dose more than two weeks late. Of the 59% (583) of infants who received the fourth dose more than two weeks beyond target age, 14% (141) also received their first dose too late.


CONCLUSIONS
A prevention programme for perinatal hepatitis B in an area of low prevalence, when incorporated into existing health care, is feasible and achieves satisfactory coverage rates. Intensive follow up is needed to improve adherence to the immunisation schedule.
D000367:Age Factors; D003153:Community Health Services; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015997:Neonatal Screening / Q000379:methods*; D009426:Netherlands; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*
D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines