title: Lack of uniformity in the mutational spectra of chlorohydroxyfuranones in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100.
abstract: The mutational specificity of three chlorohydroxyfuranones found in chlorinated drinking water, 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX), 3-chloro-4(chloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (CMCF) and 3,4-dichloro-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (mucochloric acid, MCA), was examined in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100. DNA colony-hybridization of TA100 revertants showed that MX and CMCF both induced predominantly G:C-->T:A transversions (87 and 75% of total, respectively) with a 3:1 preference for the second position of the hisG46 (CCC) target codon. By contrast, MCA produced primarily G:C-->A:T transitions (66% of the total) with a 4:1 preference for the second position of the CCC codon. The mutational specificity of MCA is consistent with the idea that chloroacetaldehyde, a degradation product of MCA, is responsible for the observed mutations. The chemical mechanism by which either MX or CMCF induces G:C-->T:A transversions remains unknown.
mesh_terms: D001482:Base Composition; D003062:Codon; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005663:Furans / Q000633:toxicity*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016296:Mutagenesis; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D005663:Furans; D009153:Mutagens