title: ETA-receptor antagonist prevents and reverses chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in rat.
abstract: The selective endothelin-A (ETA)-receptor antagonist BQ-123 has been shown to prevent chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in the rat. Therefore in the current study we utilized BQ-123 to test the hypothesis that blockade of the ETA receptor can reverse as well as prevent the increase in mean pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricle-to-left ventricle plus septum ratio, and percent wall thickness in small (50-100 microns) pulmonary arteries observed in male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to normobaric hypoxia (10% O2, 2 wk). Infusion of BQ-123 (0.4 mg.0.5 microliter-1.h-1 for 2 wk in 10% O2) begun after 2 wk of hypoxia significantly reversed the established pulmonary hypertension and prevented further progression of right ventricular hypertrophy during the third and fourth week of hypoxia. BQ-123 infusion instituted before exposure to hypoxia completely prevented the hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pulmonary vascular remodeling. These findings suggest that, in the lung, hypoxia induced an increase synthesis of endothelin-1, which acts locally on ETA receptors to cause pulmonary hypertension, right heart hypertrophy, and pulmonary vascular remodeling, while ETA-receptor blockade can both prevent and reverse these processes.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C072247:cyclo(Trp-Asp-Pro-Val-Leu)