title: Voluntary anonymous linked study of the prevalence of HIV infection and hepatitis C among inmates in a Canadian federal penitentiary for women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the seroprevalence of HIV infection and hepatitis C among inmates of a federal penitentiary for women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Voluntary, anonymous, linked, point-prevalence study involving testing of blood samples for antibodies to HIV and hepatitis C virus.
  
  
  METHODS
  All inmates of the multilevel security federal Prison for Women, Kingston, Ont., who volunteered to participate in the study. Inmates at this long-stay facility are from across Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seroprevalence rate among participants of antibodies to HIV and hepatitis C virus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 130 inmates available for study 113 (86.9%) agreed to donate a blood sample. One woman (0.9%) was HIV positive; 45 (39.8%) were positive for hepatitis C antibody.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is possible to obtain a high participation rate in a voluntary, anonymous, linked point-prevalence study in a long-stay penitentiary. The HIV seroprevalence rate of 0.9% is lower than that found in studies in provincial (short-stay) prisons. However, the high rate of antibodies to hepatitis C suggests a significant level of risk behaviour, most likely injection drug use, and suggests the potential for a rapid increase in the rate of HIV infection should the number of newly admitted HIV-positive inmates who use injection drugs rise.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011329:Prisoners; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D016387:Women's Health