Use of fixed autologous stimulator cells to correctly present human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral peptides to nonhuman primate lymphocytes in proliferation and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte assays.
Autologous, virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines were established by using peripheral blood lymphocytes from rhesus monkeys that were previously immunized with recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strain IIIB glycoprotein 160. These autologous cell lines were used to present human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral antigens in a processed and cell-associated manner to T lymphocytes. This was accomplished by either infecting the cells with recombinant vaccinia viruses or pulsing them with synthetic peptides and then subjecting them to a mild fixation step with glutaraldehyde. Fixed antigen-presenting cells were then used as stimulator cells in vitro to measure cell-mediated immune responses. Both the vaccinia virus-infected and peptide-pulsed autologous cells stimulated antigen-specific cellular proliferative responses. The magnitude of the responses correlated with the immunization histories of the animals and other measures of immunity, such as antibody titers. Autologous vaccinia virus-infected cells were also capable of inducing the in vitro maturation of CD4+ and CD8+ precursor cytotoxic T lymphocytes into antigen-specific mature cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The use of stimulator cells to present viral peptides in a cell-associated manner appeared to be a very sensitive and versatile manner in which to measure cell-mediated immune responses with peripheral blood lymphocytes from nonhuman primates. It is likely that a similar approach will function with peripheral blood lymphocytes from humans.
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D005404:Fixatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D005976:Glutaral / Q000494:pharmacology; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000276:immunology
D000939:Epitopes; D005404:Fixatives; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D005976:Glutaral