Infants' fluoride ingestion from water, supplements and dentifrice.
Concerns about dental fluorosis and the paucity of detailed fluoride intake data prompted this longitudinal study of fluoride intake in infants from birth to 9 months of age. On average, water fluoride intake greatly exceeded that from dietary fluoride supplements or fluoride dentifrice. However, fluoride supplements and dentifrice contributed substantial proportions of fluoride intake among children using them. Some children had estimated fluoride intake from water, supplements and dentifrice that exceeded the recommended "optimal" intake (a level that has yet to be determined scientifically). Practitioners should estimate fluoride ingestion from all these sources if considering systemic fluoride supplementation.
D000818:Animals; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000737:chemistry; D005457:Fluoridation; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D003802:Dentifrices; D005459:Fluorides