Clinical experience with patient-controlled and staff-administered intermittent bolus epidural analgesia in labour.
A prospective, randomized study was performed to detail clinical experience with both patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) and midwife-administered intermittent bolus (IB) epidural analgesia during labour, under the conditions pertaining in a busy obstetric delivery unit. Both methods used 0.125% bupivacaine plus fentanyl, and similar rescue supplementation, although management decisions related to epidural analgesia were made principally by attending midwives. One hundred and ninety-eight women were recruited and data analysed from 167 (PCEA n = 82, IB n = 85). The groups were demographically similar. Median hourly pain scores, ratings of analgesia and satisfaction did not differ. Maximum pain scores were significantly higher in those receiving IB epidural analgesia (P < 0.05). The PCEA group had a significantly higher rate of supplementation and bupivacaine use (P < 0.01), and a longer duration of the second stage of labour (P < 0.03). The relative risk of instrumental delivery with PCEA versus the IB method was 1.57 (CI 1.07-2.38). Experience within our unit with PCEA is contrasted with that of IB epidural analgesia, the method most commonly used; and with that of controlled trials comparing these two methods.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015360:Analgesia, Epidural; D016362:Analgesia, Obstetrical; D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005113:Extraction, Obstetrical; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007268:Injections, Epidural; D007748:Labor Stage, Second; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D008880:Midwifery; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D005283:Fentanyl; D002045:Bupivacaine