Hepatotoxicity from isoniazid and rifampin in inner-city AIDS patients.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the incidence of hepatotoxicity due to isoniazid and rifampin in inner-city patients with active tuberculosis.


METHODS
A hospital-based review of 70 consecutive in-patients in a 770-bed, inner-city hospital. The patient population is primarily African-American and Hispanic.


METHODS
Fifty-eight men and 12 women were followed from 2-12 wk (median 4 wk). Patients had to be treated for at least 2 wk to be eligible for the study. Patients were excluded if they had been on any anti-tuberculous or any other hepatotoxic drug during the 2-month period before their hospitalization. Aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, and albumin were obtained at least every 2 wk.


RESULTS
Hepatocellular toxicity, defined as AST and/or ALT greater than 200 IU/L, occurred in eight out of 70 (11.4%) patients. The mean age of these patients was 38.9 yr (22-58 yr). Patients with AIDS were significantly more likely to develop hepatotoxicity than those with any other risk factor (p < 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
Baseline aminotransferases followed by monitoring may be necessary in AIDS patients.
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004796:Clinical Enzyme Tests; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D011204:Poverty Areas; D012293:Rifampin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology
D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin