HIV-induced syncytia in peripheral blood cell cultures crawl by extending giant pseudopods.
It was previously demonstrated that HIV-induced syncytia of the immortalized T cell line SupT1 reorganize their cytoskeleton and form a spherical supernuclear complex, thus mimicking the organization, polarity, and morphology of a single SupT1 cell. Then, through extension of a single, giant pseudopod, these syncytia, which grow to more than 100 times the volume of a single SupT1 cell, translocate along a substratum. To verify that syncytium motility is not peculiar to the SupT1 cell line, we have analyzed the cytoskeletal organization and motile capabilities of HIV-induced syncytia formed in peripheral blood cell cultures containing more than 90% CD4-positive cells. The results demonstrate that although peripheral blood T cells differ from SupT1 cells in size and morphology, they are continuously motile and translocate along a substratum in a manner quite similar to that of SupT1 cells, and peripheral blood T cell syncytia induced by HIV-1LAI as well as two additional clinical isolates translocate by the extension of a giant anterior pseudopod in a fashion indistinguishable from that of HIV-induced SupT1 syncytia. Together, these results support the generalization that HIV-induced T cell syncytia are motile.
D000328:Adult; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D002459:Cell Fusion; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000473:pathology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000473:pathology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011554:Pseudopodia / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology