title: The role of urodynamics in the evaluation of voiding dysfunction in men after cerebrovascular accident.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The etiology of voiding dysfunction was determined in men after a cerebrovascular accident who were at risk for obstructive uropathy to evaluate whether the cause of voiding dysfunction could be predicted by the type (obstructive or irritative) or onset of symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 38 men with complaints of voiding dysfunction following a cerebrovascular accident. All patients were of the age when bladder outlet obstruction secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia would otherwise be prevalent. After a comprehensive history and physical examination, all patients underwent multichannel urodynamic studies at a medium fill rate (20 to 50 ml. per minute). Findings were classified by the Abrams-Griffiths nomogram as obstruction, no obstruction or equivocal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean patient age was 70 years (range 54 to 87). Patients were grouped according to the presenting voiding complaints (purely irritative in 42%, purely obstructive in 34% or mixed in 24%). In 34 patients (89%) the onset of symptoms paralleled the occurrence of the cerebrovascular accident. Detrusor hyperreflexia was noted in 82% of the patients. There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of detrusor hyperreflexia among the 3 symptom groups (Fisher's exact test). Pressure-flow analysis clearly showed obstruction in 24 patients (63%), no obstruction in 9 (24%) and equivocal results in 5 (13%) according to the nomogram. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of obstruction among the 3 symptom groups (Fisher's exact test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Presenting symptoms did not predict the urodynamic findings of bladder outlet obstruction or detrusor hyperreflexia. The significant incidence of onset of symptoms after stroke suggests that the cerebrovascular accident induced voiding dysfunction in the face of preexisting bladder outlet obstruction may exacerbate the symptoms of the latter condition or vice versa.
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications; D012307:Risk Factors; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D014563:Urodynamics