title: Comparison of i.m. and local infiltration of ketorolac with and without local anaesthetic.
abstract: We have studied postoperative analgesia in 32 patients undergoing outpatient repair of inguinal hernia. All patients received a standardized general anaesthetic of thiopentone followed by halothane or isoflurane in 70% nitrous oxide and oxygen delivered by face mask or laryngeal mask with spontaneous ventilation. No patient received premedication, opioids or neuromuscular blockers. Before wound closure the surgeon infiltrated 20 ml of a study solution into the wound. The solution contained ketorolac 30 mg in saline, 0.25% bupivacaine and ketorolac 30 mg, 0.25% bupivacaine or saline (control group). The control group received ketorolac 60 mg i.m. at the same time. Pain scores were measured 2, 6 and 24 h after operation. Pain scores for all three active groups were significantly less (P < 0.05) than the control group at all times. There were no significant differences in pain scores at any time between the three study groups. Wound infiltration with ketorolac 30 mg in saline, 0.25% bupivacaine or ketorolac 30 mg with 0.25% bupivacaine provided equivalent analgesia. Wound infiltration with ketorolac 30 mg in saline provided analgesia superior to that of ketorolac 60 mg i.m.
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D020910:Ketorolac; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014046:Tolmetin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D014046:Tolmetin; D002045:Bupivacaine; D020910:Ketorolac