title: [Hypernatraemic hyperosmolar syndrome (author's transl)].
abstract: Between 1972 and 1979 34 patients with severe hypernatraemia (serum sodium larger than or equal to 160 mmol/l) were admitted to the intensive care unit. Among these there were 45% of neuropsychiatric patients with reduced consciousness. Maximal serum sodium concentration was 168 (160--204) mmol/l, maximum serum osmolality 391 (340--520) mosm/kg H2O. Treatment consisted of infusion of hypotonic solutions and potassium substitution. Fluid balance was positive (5,9 during 43 hours) until normal serum sodium concentrations had been reached. The mortality of 77% was exclusively due to the underlying diseases.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001317:Austria; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006955:Hypernatremia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011188:Potassium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood; D013577:Syndrome; D014883:Water-Electrolyte Imbalance / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium
vernacular_title: Das hypernatriämisch-hyperosmolare Syndrom. Klinische Aspekte.