title: Self-esteem of pregnant substance abusers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore patterns and levels of self-esteem of pregnant substance abusers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive prospective study to describe the self-esteem of pregnant substance abusers. Subjects (N = 31) were abusing and dependent on three or more legal and/or illegal substances. Subjects were asked one open-ended question regarding their self-esteem, then the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Inventory (RSI) was administered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects gave 46 responses to the open-ended question. Overall, they used a single word to describe self-esteem. The most frequent response on the RSI was "low" for self-esteem, 23 subjects used positive terms, 20 used negative terms, and 3 reported a neutral term. The RSI confirmed the aspects of low self-esteem.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Problems with low self-esteem were evident. Intervention strategies need to be developed to increase self-esteem in pregnant substance abusers.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012649:Self Concept; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology*