title: Long-term cultured CD40-activated B lymphocytes differentiate into plasma cells in response to IL-10 but not IL-4.
abstract: We compared the effects of IL-10 and IL-4 on the functions of B lymphocytes triggered through their CD40. During the initial phase, IL-10 was as potent as IL-4 in inducing the expansion of viable B cells. Then, cellular expansion slowed down and after approximately 3 weeks the number of B cells started to decline. While the combination of IL-10 and IL-4 was synergistic during the first 2 weeks of culture, B cell recovery declined after 3 weeks, indicating that IL-10 prevails over IL-4. Those effects were not restricted to a specific B cell subset as both sIgD+ B cells and sIgD- B cells behaved in a similar way, though the latter population responded with a slightly accelerated kinetic. Inverted microscope examination and scanning electron microscopy showed that in response to IL-10, CD40-activated B cell cultures were heterogeneous with loose aggregates of cells as well as free floating large ovoid cells. In contrast, in the presence of IL-4, CD40-activated B cell cultures were essentially composed of tight cell clumps. IL-10 progressively induced all B cells to differentiate into non-replicating cells with intracytoplasmic Ig that secreted Ig at a high rate. Cytologic analysis indicated that IL-10 cultured cells display a basophilic cytoplasm with an arcoplasm and a low nucleus/cytoplasm ratio. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that when IL-10 was added to the culture, B cells displayed structures for excretion with extended endoplasmic reticulum and dilated cisternae containing paracrystalline structures, typical of plasmablasts cells. Taken together, these results indicate that IL-10 acts as a plasma cell differentiation factor for CD40-activated B cells.
mesh_terms: D000921:Antibody-Producing Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D019013:CD40 Antigens; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4