title: Detection of early bladder cancer by 5-aminolevulinic acid induced porphyrin fluorescence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We determined whether the sensitivity of detecting dysplasia or early bladder cancer can be improved by 5-aminolevulinic acid induced porphyrin fluorescence.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 3% 5-aminolevulinic acid solution was instilled intravesically before cystoscopy in 104 patients. The 5-aminolevulinic acid induced porphyrin fluorescence was excited by violet light from a krypton ion laser (wavelength 406.7 nm.).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sensitivity of the fluorescence cystoscopy (96.9%) was significantly (p < 0.0001) greater than that of white light cystoscopy (72.7%). There was no impact on specificity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Due to the high sensitivity of the procedure fluorescence guided biopsies are recommended instead of random biopsies.
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000368:Aged; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001706:Biopsy; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000378:metabolism; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D011166:Porphyrins; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid