title: Use-dependent effects of the class III antiarrhythmic agent NE-10064 (azimilide) on cardiac repolarization: block of delayed rectifier potassium and L-type calcium currents.
abstract: We studied the effects of NE-10064 (azimilide), a new antiarrhythmic agent reported to be a selective blocker of the slowly activating component of the delayed rectifier, IKs. In ferret papillary muscles, NE-10064 increased effective refractory period (ERP) and decreased isometric twitch tension in a concentration-dependent manner (0.3-30 microM). Increases in ERP showed reverse use-dependence, and were greater at 1 than at 3 Hz. In contrast, changes in tension were use dependent, with larger decreases observed at 3 than at 1 Hz. In guinea pig ventricular myocytes, NE-10064 (0.3-3 microM) significantly prolonged action potential duration (APD) at 1 Hz. At 3 Hz, NE-10064 (0.3-1 microM) increased APD only slightly, and at 10 microM decreased APD and the plateau potential. NE-10064 potently blocked the rapidly activating component of the delayed rectifier, IKr (IC50 0.4 microM), and inhibited IKs (IC50 3 microM) with nearly 10-fold less potency. NE-10064 (10 microM) did not block the inward rectifier potassium current (IKl). NE-10064 (10 microM) blocked the L-type calcium current (ICa) in a use-dependent manner; block was greater at 3 than at 1 Hz. We conclude that (a) NE-10064's block of potassium currents is relatively selective for IKr over IKs, (b) NE-10064 inhibits ICa in a use-dependent fashion, and (c) NE-10064's effects on ERP and tension in papillary muscle as well as APD and action potential plateau level in myocytes may be explained by its potassium and calcium channel blocking properties.
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005289:Ferrets; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006827:Hydantoins; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048289:Imidazolidines; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D012032:Refractory Period, Electrophysiological / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D006827:Hydantoins; D007093:Imidazoles; D048289:Imidazolidines; D010879:Piperazines; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; C086123:azimilide; D002118:Calcium