Selective and potent monoamine oxidase type B inhibitors: 2-substituted 5-aryltetrazole derivatives.
Twenty new 2-(cyanoalkyl)tetrazoles (15 and 16) and twenty new 2-(hydroxyalkyl)tetrazoles (17 and 18) were synthesized and investigated in vitro for their abilities to inhibit selectively rat brain monoamine oxidase (MAO) B over MAO A. Most of them were MAO B inhibitors and those bearing a substituted 4-(arylmethoxy)phenyl group in the position 5 of the tetrazole ring had IC50 values between 8 microM for 18d and 2 nM for 16a (30 nM for lazabemide) with a selectivity toward MAO B of 37,000 for 16a. The reversibility of their inhibitory activity was demonstrated by in vitro dialysis tests. The 5-[4-(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-(2-cyanoethyl)tetrazole (16a) its derivative 16h and the 5-[4-(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)tetrazole (18a) and its derivative 18h were found to be potent, in vitro selective, and competitive MAO B inhibitors. Tetrazole 16a can be considered one of the most active and selective competitive MAO B inhibitors known up to now. This compound was selected for ex vivo experiments and was shown to be a strong and reversible MAO B inhibitor with a short duration of action after oral administration at 5 mg/kg. The structure-activity approach gives rise to the great importance of lipophilicity over electronic effects of the compounds in these series.
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
C096922:5-(4-(phenylmethoxy)phenyl)-2-(2-cyanoethyl)tetrazole; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D013777:Tetrazoles