title: A study of recurrent stone formers with special reference to renal tubular acidosis.
abstract: Forty-five patients with recurrent renal stone were examined for distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) defects by acid challenge test (150 mg ammonium chloride/kg body weight). Their 24-h urine samples were analysed for creatinine, calcium, oxalic acid, inorganic phosphorus, uric acid, magnesium and citric acid. One-hour urine samples before acid load and hourly samples for the 7 h following acid challenge test were collected and analysed for creatinine, calcium, citric acid, inorganic phosphorus, titratable acidity, and ammonium. The incidence of distal RTA defect was 22.2% in the patients examined. The major biochemical characteristics in RTA patients compared with patients without RTA were: (a) significantly higher urinary pH, (b) significantly lower excretion of citric acid, (c) no significant difference in calcium excretion and (d) a tendency toward lower titratable acidity and ammonium excretion.
mesh_terms: D000141:Acidosis, Renal Tubular / Q000150:complications*; D000328:Adult; D002951:Citrates / Q000652:urine; D019343:Citric Acid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000150:complications* / Q000652:urine; D007686:Kidney Tubules, Distal; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002951:Citrates; D019343:Citric Acid