title: [Effectiveness of aminosidine sulphate in severe visceral leishmaniasis, resistant to the treatment with pentavalent antimony].
abstract: A grave kala-azar infection in a 14 years old boy is described. The leishmanial infection failed to respond to ten interrupted courses of glucantime of variable duration (14-56 days) at a dose of 20mg Sb5/kg/day. However a favorable response occurred to intramuscular aminosidine sulphate (20mg/kg/day) for 20 days. This same regimen was repeated 20 days later. After the first treatment splenic puncture parasite density fell from 50 amastigotes per oil immersion field to 3 amastigotes in 10 fields. A further splenic puncture 7 months after treatment was negative. The marked hepatoesplenomegaly gradually resolved over 26 months follow up and he gained 13 kilograms in weight. After aminosidine sulphate therapy his Montenegro reaction become positive and his lymphocytes responded to leishmania antigens.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010303:Paromomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010303:Paromomycin; D008536:Meglumine; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate
vernacular_title: Eficácia do sulfato de aminosidine na leishmaniose visceral grave, resistente ao tratamento com antimonial pentavalente.