title: Effectiveness of individualized developmental care for low-risk preterm infants: behavioral and electrophysiologic evidence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the effectiveness of individualized developmental support in the special care nursery for low-risk preterm infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  A university-affiliated teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve healthy full-term infants, and 24 low-risk preterm infants randomly assigned to a control or an experimental group.
  
  
  METHODS
  The preterm control group received standard care and the preterm experimental group received individualized developmental care at the same special care nursery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical, behavioral (Assessment of Preterm Infants' Behavior and Prechtl's Neurological Examination of the Full-Term Newborn Infant), and electrophysiologic outcome (using quantitative electroencephalography with topographic mapping) of all three groups was assessed 2 weeks after the expected due date.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No between- or among-group medical differences were seen for this low-risk, healthy sample. The preterm experimental group showed behavioral and electrophysiologic performances comparable to those of the full-term group, whereas the preterm control group performed significantly less well. Behavioral measures suggested significantly poorer attentional functioning for the preterm control group. Electrophysiologic results implicated the frontal lobe.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individualized developmental intervention supports neurobehavioral functioning as measured at 2 weeks post-term. It appears to prevent frontal lobe and attentional difficulties in the newborn period, the possible causes of behavioral and scholastic disabilities often seen in low-risk preterm infants at later ages.
mesh_terms: D002657:Child Development; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018730:Infant Behavior; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome