title: Endogenous cytokine expression profiles in retinoic acid-induced IgA production by LPS-stimulated murine splenocytes.
abstract: All-trans-retinoic acid (RA) enhances IgA production by LPS-stimulated murine splenocytes. After stimulation by RA and LPS, or by LPS alone, total RNA was extracted from cultured cells on Days 1 to 4, and the kinetics of expression of various cytokine mRNAs were analyzed by the RT-PCR method. RA induced the expression of IL-5 and TGF-beta 2 mRNAs in the LPS-stimulated cells. In addition, the expression of IL-6 and IL-2 mRNAs was more intensive in RA-stimulated cells than in unstimulated cells. TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 3 mRNAs were constitutively expressed in both culture groups. RA enhanced IgA production by LPS-stimulated spleen cells but not that by LPS-stimulated mu(+) naive splenic B-cells. For RA-induced IgA production, the B-cells required T-cells or the culture supernatant from RA-stimulated T-cells. Furthermore, exogenous IL-5 replaced the T-cell requirement, at least in part, in RA-induced IgA production by LPS-stimulated B-cells. This reaction was partially inhibited by anti-TGF-beta-neutralizing antibodies. These findings suggest that RA induces IgA production by (IL-5 + LPS)-stimulated B-cells in TGF-beta-independent and TGF-beta-dependent manners.
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008211:Lymphocyte Cooperation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D015848:Interleukin-5; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014212:Tretinoin