title: Mucosal model of immunization against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with a chimeric influenza virus.
abstract: Previously, we constructed a chimeric influenza virus that expresses the highly conserved amino acid sequence ELDKWA of gp41 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Antisera elicited in mice by infection with this chimeric virus showed neutralizing activity against distantly related HIV-1 isolates (T. Muster, R. Guinea, A. Trkola, M. Purtscher, A. Klima, F. Steindl, P. Palese, and H. Katinger, J. Virol. 68:4031-4034, 1994). In the present study, we demonstrated that intranasal immunizations with this chimeric virus are also able to induce a humoral immune response at the mucosal level. The immunized mice had ELDKWA-specific immunoglobulins A in respiratory, intestinal, and vaginal secretions. Sustained levels of these secretory immunoglobulins A were detectable for more than 1 year after immunization. The results show that influenza virus can be used to efficiently induce secretory antibodies against antigens from foreign pathogens. Since long-lasting mucosal immunity in the genital and intestinal tracts might be essential for protective immunity against HIV-1, influenza virus appears to be a promising vector for HIV-1-derived immunogens.
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002678:Chimera; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D014621:Vagina / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G