title: Temporal analysis of the anti-inflammatory effects of decentralization of the rat superior cervical ganglia.
abstract: Bilateral decentralization of the superior cervical ganglia (SCG) reduced the pulmonary inflammation that develops 4-8 h after induction of anaphylaxis in Nippostrongylus brasiliensis-sensitized rats. Histamine levels in peritoneal lavage fluid and rat mast cell protease type II in serum were increased to comparable levels in sham-operated and decentralized rats. In vitro stimulation of alveolar macrophages (ALM) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) provoked tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release that was two to three times greater with unchallenged decentralized rats than with sham-operated rats. However, after allergen challenge LPS-stimulated TNF-alpha release from ALM of sham-operated rats increased threefold and lasted at least 24 h, whereas with decentralized rats release of this cytokine actually decreased at 4 and 8 h. The increase in the phagocytosis and respiratory burst of circulating neutrophils seen at 4 and 8 h after allergen challenge in sham-operated rats was reduced significantly by decentralization. These results suggest that the attenuation of anaphylaxis-induced pulmonary inflammation that occurs with decentralization of the SCG is primarily associated with downregulation of neutrophil and macrophage functions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mathison
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mowat
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bissonnette
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Davison
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Befus
mesh_terms: D000707:Anaphylaxis; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; D006636:Histamine Release; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000502:physiology; D009559:Nippostrongylus; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012016:Reference Values; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000502:physiology*; D013233:Stellate Ganglion / Q000502:physiology*; D017206:Strongylida Infections / Q000503:physiopathology; D017783:Superior Cervical Ganglion / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha