title: Malignant obstruction of the common bile duct: long-term results of Gianturco-Rosch metal stents used as initial treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine how long Gianturco-Rosch metal stents remain patent when used as the initial treatment for malignant obstruction of the common bile duct.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patency of Gianturco-Rosch metal stents was prospectively studied in 26 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice. Biliary obstruction was caused by pancreatic carcinoma (n = 15), cholangiocarcinoma (n = 10), or metastatic lymphadenopathy (n = 1). Follow-up information was obtained every 3-4 months until death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stent insertion was successful in all patients. Stent occlusion occurred in nine patients (35%). The overall mean patency period was 39.9 weeks. Adequate biliary drainage for a minimum of 80 weeks or until death was achieved in 19 patients (73%). Life-table analysis predicted stent patency rates of 86%, 75%, and 69% at 12, 24, and 48 weeks, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results are better than those previously reported in patients with plastic endoprostheses. The authors believe that insertion of the metal stent is the procedure of choice in patients with inoperable malignant biliary obstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Mathieson
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: McLoughlin
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Cooperberg
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Prystai
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Stordy
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: MacFarlane
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D002758:Cholangiography; D001651:Cholestasis, Extrahepatic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D003137:Common Bile Duct Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals; D008875:Middle Aged; D010166:Palliative Care; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D008670:Metals