Recent trends in rifamycin research.
Rifamycin is a clinically useful macrolide antibiotic produced by the gram positive bacterium Amycolatopsis mediterranei. This antibiotic is primarily used against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae, causative agents of tuberculosis and leprosy, respectively. In these bacteria, rifamycin treatment specifically inhibits the initiation of RNA synthesis by binding to beta-subunit of RNA polymerase. Apart from its activity against the bacteria, rifamycin has also been reported to inhibit reverse transcriptase (RT) of certain RNA viruses. Recently, rifamycin derivatives have been discovered that are effective against Mycobacterium avium, which is associated with the AIDS complex. Consequently, the importance of and demand for rifamycin has increased tremendously, the world over. In this article, recent trends in rifamycin research and accessibility of recombinant DNA techniques to increase rifamycin production are reviewed.
Lal
R
R
Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, India.
Lal
S
S
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D006801:Humans; D007918:Leprosy / Q000188:drug therapy; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009162:Mycobacterium avium / Q000187:drug effects; D009166:Mycobacterium leprae / Q000187:drug effects; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D012294:Rifamycins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy
D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D012294:Rifamycins; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases