title: Modulation of connexins during differentiation of oval cells into hepatocytes.
abstract: The connexins are a family of related gap-junction proteins, implicated in embryonic development, cell growth control, and cellular differentiation. To identify connexins involved in liver cell differentiation, both in vivo and in vitro systems were employed to study expression of connexins 26, 32, and 43. Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization were used to measure the levels of connexin expression and cellular localization of the transcripts, respectively. Normal liver expressed high connexin 32, low connexin 26, and barely detectable connexin 43. In vivo proliferation and differentiation of oval cells was at first accompanied by increased connexin 43 and decreased connexin 32 expression; later as the oval cells differentiated into hepatocytes, connexin 43 disappeared and connexin 32 increased to control levels. In situ hybridization showed that both oval cells and bile duct epithelial cells, but not hepatocytes, expressed connexin 43. A switch from connexin 43 to connexin 32 expression was observed following in vitro transformation and differentiation of rat liver epithelial cells toward the hepatocytic lineage. These results suggest that early progenitor cells in the liver express connexin 43 and a switch from connexin 43 to connexin 32 may signal commitment to hepatocytic differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Thorgeirsson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002999:Clone Cells; D000072259:Connexin 26; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017630:Connexins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D004847:Epithelial Cells; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D005333:Fetus; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007633:Keratins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D000097002:Gap Junction beta-1 Protein
chemical_list: D000072259:Connexin 26; D018031:Connexin 43; D017630:Connexins; D007633:Keratins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000097002:Gap Junction beta-1 Protein; C000607044:Gjb2 protein, rat