title: Merosin-negative congenital muscular dystrophy associated with extensive brain abnormalities.
abstract: Congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs) are autosomal recessive, heterogeneous disorders. The most frequent form in the Caucasian population is classic (occidental) CMD, characterized by exclusive muscle involvement, although abnormal brain white matter signals are occasionally observed on MRI. Recently, deficiency of merosin, the laminin isoform in skeletal muscle, has been identified in classic CMD patients. In skeletal muscle, merosin is a native ligand for dystroglycan linking the extracellular matrix and dystrophin. Thus, merosin deficiency could disrupt the attachment of muscle cell to the extracellular matrix and lead to muscle cell necrosis. Since merosin is also expressed in the nervous system and has biologic activities on neurite outgrowth and Schwann cell migration, deficiency of merosin could affect the development of the nervous system. We report here two patients with merosin-negative CMD presenting extensive brain abnormalities characterized by cortical anomaly, polymicrogyria, and abnormal white matter signals.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sunada
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Edgar
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Lotz
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rust
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Campbell
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D007797:Laminin / Q000032:analysis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009132:Muscles / Q000473:pathology; D009136:Muscular Dystrophies / Q000151:congenital* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007797:Laminin