title: Modification of alternative messenger RNA splicing of fibroblast growth factor receptors in human cardiac allografts during rejection.
abstract: Accelerated coronary atherosclerosis in cardiac transplants (cardiac allograft vasculopathy, CAV) is characterized by coronary intimal hyperplasia. Acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) is a potent mitogen for vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, and its expression is increased in cardiac allografts, suggesting it may play a role in the pathogenesis of CAV. The activity of aFGF is dependent on binding to transmembrane receptors. To investigate whether receptors for aFGF are also induced after transplantation, polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze expression of four receptors for aFGF (FGFR1-FGFR4). Expression of mRNA encoding extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains of FGFR1 was increased 35-fold in cardiac allografts compared with normal hearts and was predominantly present in cardiac myocytes and vascular structures. Alternatively spliced mRNA that encodes transmembrane forms of FGFR1, which contain the signal-transducing tyrosine kinase domains, was induced in allografts during rejection, in infiltrating cells, vascular structures, and myocytes. In vitro experiments showed that differential expression of FGF receptor isoforms was induced by aFGF, and also by IL-6 and TGF-beta, which are expressed in cardiac allografts during rejection. The results show that expression of both aFGF and its receptors is altered in cardiac allografts and suggest that these events are important in the pathogenesis of CAV.
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt Transplant Center, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville 37232.
authors.forename: X M
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Frist
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Yeoh
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017398:Alternative Splicing; D001483:Base Sequence; D001706:Biopsy; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D017931:DNA Primers; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D016220:Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012016:Reference Values; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014471:Umbilical Veins
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D017931:DNA Primers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; D016220:Fibroblast Growth Factor 1; C496348:FGFR1 protein, human; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1