title: Confluent education: an integrative method for nursing (continuing) education.
abstract: Confluent education is presented as a method to bridge the gap between cognitive and affective learning. Attention is focused on three main characteristics of confluent education: (a) the integration of four overlapping domains in a learning process (readiness, the cognitive domain, the affective domain and responsibility); (b) the promotion of personal growth and interpersonal relationships by the development of awareness, and (c) the identification and dis-identification of teacher and participants. How confluent education can take place in practice is illustrated by presenting the way in which this method is applied in a nursing continuing education programme entitled 'Pain assessment and management in surgical-oncological patients'.
authors.affiliation: Helen Dowling Institute for Biopsychosocial Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Francke
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Erkens
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect; D001364:Awareness; D003071:Cognition; D003479:Curriculum; D004509:Education, Nursing, Continuing / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D017145:Models, Educational; D016294:Models, Nursing; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D009859:Oncology Nursing / Q000193:education; D009937:Organizational Objectives; D010146:Pain / Q000451:nursing; D013527:Perioperative Nursing / Q000193:education; D010934:Planning Techniques; D011588:Psychology, Educational; D013192:Staff Development