title: Three-dimensional imaging of the prostatic urethra--an exciting new tool.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the technique of three-dimensional (3-D) ultrasound imaging of the urethra and its application in both research and clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study involved 23 patients: 10 with benign prostatic hyperplasia, four with urethral strictures, three post-insertion of prostatic stents, one with bladder neck dyssynergia, three post-transurethral resection of the prostate, and two with non-urological conditions. A transrectal ultrasound scan was initially performed to acquire a series of images of the urethra. These images were then reconstructed into a 3-D format.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 3-D image of the urethra could be rotated on screen and viewed from any angle. The image could also be sliced at any plane to reveal the sectional view.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This new tool represents a major advance in imaging techniques and promises to provide new knowledge in understanding the hydrodynamics of the lower urinary tract. The precise geometry of the 3-D urethra will also help in the design of new stents.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Urology, Middlesex Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Gardener
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rickards
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Lees
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Milroy
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods; D014521:Urethra / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging