title: Tumor microvessel density, p53 expression, tumor size, and peritumoral lymphatic vessel invasion are relevant prognostic markers in node-negative breast carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the absolute and relative value of microvessel density (MVD), p53 and c-erbB-2 protein expression, peritumoral lymphatic vessel invasion (PLVI), and conventional prognosticators in predicting relapse-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates in patients with node-negative breast carcinoma (NNBC).
  
  
  METHODS
  We monitored 254 consecutive patients with NNBC for a median of 62 months. Intratumoral MVD was measured after microvessels were immunostained using anti-CD31 antibody. p53 and c-erbB-2 protein and hormone receptors were also determined immunocytochemically. Results were analyzed by both univariate and multivariate statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Univariate analysis showed that MVD was significantly predictive of both RFS (odds ratio [OR], 8.30; P = .0001) and OS (OR, 4.50; P = .012) when tested as a continuous or dichotomous variable. Likewise, tumor size (OR, 3.16; P = .0012), PLVI (OR, 4.36; P = .0009), estrogen receptor (ER) status (OR, 2.35; P = .016), progesterone receptor (PR) status (OR, 2.00; P = .017), and expression of p53 protein (OR, 2.82; P = .004) were significantly associated with RFS. Tumor size (OR, 3.80; P = .0038) and expression of p53 protein (OR, 2.58; P = .024) were significantly associated with OS by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that MVD (P = .0004), p53 protein expression (P = .0063), tumor size (P = .0144), and PLVI (P = .0033) were all significant and independent prognostic factors for RFS. However, only tumor size (P = .004) and MVD (P = .047) were independent predictors for OS. c-erbB2 expression was not associated with outcome by either univariate or multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MVD, p53 expression, PLVI, and tumor size are independent prognostic indicators of recurrence, which are useful in selection of high-risk NNBC patients who may be eligible to receive adjuvant therapies.
authors.affiliation: St Bortolo Regional Medical Center, Vicenza, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gasparini
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Weidner
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bevilacqua
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maluta
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dalla Palma
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Caffo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barbareschi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boracchi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marubini
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pozza
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000737:chemistry / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D011379:Prognosis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53