title: Prevalence and role of hepatitis C viraemia in haemodialysis patients in Japan.
abstract: A second generation assay for antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) was used in order to establish the exact prevalence of HCV infection in haemodialysis patients. HCV RNA was sought by the polymerase chain reaction in order to determine whether haemodialysis patients with anti-HCV had been infected with HCV in the past or were presently infected. Of 357 patients, 198 (55.5%) were positive for anti-HCV, compared to 113 (31.7%) positive for original antibody to c100-3 protein (P < 0.001). HCV RNA was detected in 171 (86.4%) of the 198 patients with anti-HCV. Liver dysfunction was found in 63 (17.6%) of all haemodialysis patients. Of these, 55 (87.3%) had HCV infection, one (1.6%) hepatitis B virus infection while, in the remaining seven, the origin was unknown. Thus, in almost all anti-HCV-positive patients, HCV viraemia was present. We conclude that HCV is an important cause of liver disease in haemodialysis patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kishihara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohmiya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kashiwagi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001483:Base Sequence; D005260:Female; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014766:Viremia / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies; D012367:RNA, Viral; C078224:anti-C100-3