title: Prevention of SIV infection in macaques by (R)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine.
abstract: The efficacy of pre- and postexposure treatment with the antiviral compound (R)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine (PMPA) was tested against simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in macaques as a model for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). PMPA was administered subcutaneously once daily beginning either 48 hours before, 4 hours after, or 24 hours after virus inoculation. Treatment continued for 4 weeks and the virologic, immunologic, and clinical status of the macaques was monitored for up to 56 weeks. PMPA prevented SIV infection in all macaques without toxicity, whereas all control macaques became infected. These results suggest a potential role for PMPA prophylaxis against early HIV infection in cases of known exposure.
authors.affiliation: University of Washington Regional Primate Research Center, Seattle 98195, USA.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Follis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sabo
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bischofberger
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Benveniste
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Black
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000821:virology; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000068698:Tenofovir
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D000068698:Tenofovir; D000225:Adenine