title: Transurethral evaporation of prostate (TUEP) with Nd:YAG laser using a contact free beam technique: results in 61 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neodymium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser for treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 61 patients at a mean age of 71.6 years with symptomatic bladder outlet obstruction due to BPH underwent transurethral evaporation of prostate (TUEP) using Nd:YAG laser. Twelve of the patients were experiencing acute retention. Pre- and postoperative evaluation consisted of American Urological Association (AUA) symptom questionnaire and a sexual function questionnaire, uroflowmetry, postvoid residual urine, electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, hematocrit, and prostate volume estimation by transrectal ultrasound. TUEP was achieved by employing a side-firing Nd:YAG laser fiber with a durable quartz reflector and high-power density (Ultraline, Heraeus LaserSonics, Milpitas, CA) that was used in a contact mode.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients have been evaluated for three months, 26 for six months, and 7 for twelve months. Mean prostatic size was 41.1 g. The mean improvement in symptom scores at one, three, six, and twelve months was 69.8 percent, 70.9 percent, 76.0 percent, and 70.9 percent, respectively (P = < 0.0001). The mean increase in maximum uroflow at one, three, six, and twelve months was 63.4 percent, 66.7 percent, 41.94 percent, and 164.52 percent, respectively (P = < 0.0001). There was no instance of significant fluid absorption or bleeding. The duration of postoperative catheterization was two days in 43 patients, three to seven days in 16 patients, and two to three weeks in 2 patients. There were no deaths. All patients evaluated by TRUS at six months had open channeling defects. Videocystoscopy performed in 16 patients at two to three months postoperatively revealed tissue slough. At repeat cystoscopy in these patients at six months, the prostatic fossa was completely healed with no evidence of tissue slough.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that the technique of TUEP using Nd:YAG laser is safe and, in preliminary results, appears apparently effective in the management of BPH.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Narayan
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fournier
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Indudhara
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leidich
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ingerman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014521:Urethra; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000209:etiology; D014546:Urinary Catheterization