title: The intramural innervation of the human vas deferens and seminal vesicle in infants and children.
abstract: Immunohistochemical methods were used to study the autonomic innervation of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle in a series of human postnatal specimens ranging in age from 1 month to 3 years. The occurrence and distribution of nerves immunoreactive for the neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), neuropeptide Y (NPY) substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were investigated. In addition immunoreactivity to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) and to protein gene product (PGP 9.5), a general nerve marker were also studied. A neurohistochemical method was used to localise acetylcholinesterase. The results obtained from either organ were similar. Regardless of age, a rich plexus of nerve fibres immunoreactive for PGP 9.5 was present both within the muscle coat and also beneath the epithelium of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle. Some acetylcholinesterase containing nerves occurred in the muscle coat but the majority were found under the epithelium in the connective tissue of the mucosa. TH and DBH-containing nerves (presumably noradrenergic in type) formed dense intramuscular plexuses but none occurred subepithelially. In contrast NPY-containing nerves formed a less dense intramuscular plexus and were also observed beneath the epithelium. Thus while NPY may occur in some of the intramuscular noradrenergic nerve fibres it is clearly not confined to this type of nerve in either the vas deferens or the seminal vesicle. SP- and CGRP-containing nerves were extremely infrequent and, when observed, were confined to the muscle coat.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Chinese University of Hong Kong.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gosling
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Dixon
mesh_terms: D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000032:analysis; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004299:Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000032:analysis; D012669:Seminal Vesicles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000294:innervation*; D013373:Substance P / Q000032:analysis; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000032:analysis; D014649:Vas Deferens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000294:innervation*; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D013373:Substance P; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D004299:Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide