title: Double epi-illumination microscopy with separate visualization of two antigens: a combination of epi-polarization for immunogold-silver staining and epi-fluorescence for alkaline phosphatase staining.
abstract: We present a method for an epi-illumination immunohistochemical double staining approach. The method combines the use of an immuno-alkaline phosphatase technique and the immunogold-silver technique, visualized with epifluorescence and epi-polarization illumination, respectively. Out of six tested alkaline phosphatase activity-revealing methods, only the reaction product obtained with the Becton Dickinson CAS Red kit showed an intense red fluorescence with a rhodamine filter set and no signal with epi-polarization illumination. The silver precipitate did not exhibit any signal with the rhodamine filter set. This allows separate observation and photographic recording of two antigens in one tissue section, an objective that cannot be achieved with conventional immunoenzyme double staining methods. The double epi-illumination approach presented is compatible with different immunoenzyme double staining protocols.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Pathology, Academical Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: van der Loos
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Becker
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000941:Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000737:chemistry; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000737:chemistry; D012235:Rhodamines; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000737:chemistry; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D012235:Rhodamines; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase