title: High-dose aprotinin in cardiac surgery--a prospective, randomized study.
abstract: Fifty patients undergoing primary coronary artery bypass surgery and 50 patients undergoing valve surgery received either high-dose aprotinin (2 million units loading dose, 2 million units added to the CPB prime, and 500,000 units/hr maintenance infusion) or placebo. Mean postoperative blood loss in the first six hours was reduced from 321 ml in the placebo group to 172 ml in the aprotinin group (95% confidence interval (CI) for difference = 95 to 189 ml). Seven patients in the placebo group and 16 patients in the aprotinin group did not require transfusion with homologous blood. This study adds to the growing body of evidence that the administration of high-dose aprotinin reduces blood loss and blood transfusion requirements associated with primary cardiac surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Swart
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Hayse-Gregson
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Dyer
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Swanepoel
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Buckels
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schall
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Odell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D007611:Aprotinin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D013502:General Surgery; D006351:Heart Valves / Q000601:surgery*; D006400:Hematocrit; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D007611:Aprotinin