title: Cytokine production and expression of adhesion molecules and integrins in tumor infiltrating lymphomononuclear cells of non-small cell carcinomas of the lung.
abstract: Localization of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and of their ligands, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 and very late activation antigen-4, was determined in non-small cell lung carcinomas and tumor-free lung. Messenger RNA expression for interleukins (IL) IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta, interferon-gamma, granulocyte-macrophages colony stimulating factor, and human perforin-1 was assessed by in situ hybridization on the same tissues. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was expressed in all blood vessels, whereas only a low number of vessels displayed vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 immunoreactivity. Tumor infiltrating lymphomononuclear cells consisted of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1-positive cells and of a lower number of very late activation antigen-4-positive cells. All squamous cell carcinomas consisted of intercellular adhesion molecule-1-positive neoplastic cells infiltrated by lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1-positive tumor infiltrating lymphomononuclear and CD-la-positive Langerhans cells, whereas only a minor number of adenocarcinomas displayed a consistent number of intercellular adhesion molecule-1-positive neoplastic cells. Tumor infiltrating lymphomononuclear cells showed a wider production of cytokines when compared to bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue of tumor-free lung. Moreover, cells producing interferon-gamma, IL-4, and IL-5 were more numerous in squamous cell carcinomas than in adenocarcinomas. These findings indicate that the lung squamous cell carcinoma might represent a neoplastic microenvironment able to induce activation of tumor infiltrating lymphomononuclear cells more efficiently than the adenocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Immunopathology Section, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vitolo
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Palmieri
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Ruco
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rendina
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bonsignore
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Baroni
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D007158:Immunologic Techniques; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016207:Cytokines; D016023:Integrins; D012333:RNA, Messenger