Decay-accelerating factor (CD55), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored complement regulatory protein, is a receptor for several echoviruses.
Echoviruses are human pathogens belonging to the picornavirus family. Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored surface protein that protects cells from lysis by autologous complement. Anti-DAF monoclonal antibodies prevented echovirus 7 attachment to susceptible cells and protected cells from infection. HeLa cells specifically lost the capacity to bind echovirus 7 when treated with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, an enzyme that releases GPI-anchored proteins from the cell surface, indicating that the virus receptor, like DAF, is a GPI-anchored protein. Although Chinese hamster ovary cells do not bind echovirus 7, transfectants expressing human DAF bound virus efficiently, and binding was prevented by pretreatment with an anti-DAF monoclonal antibody. Anti-DAF antibodies prevented infection by at least six echovirus serotypes. These results indicate that DAF is the receptor mediating attachment and infection by several echoviruses.
Bergelson
J M
JM
Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
Chan
M
M
Solomon
K R
KR
St John
N F
NF
Lin
H
H
Finberg
R W
RW
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000502:physiology*; D018958:CD55 Antigens; D003169:Complement Inactivator Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000502:physiology*; D017261:Glycosylphosphatidylinositols / Q000502:physiology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C / Q000276:immunology; D043265:Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase; D054801:Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000494:pharmacology; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D018958:CD55 Antigens; D003169:Complement Inactivator Proteins; D017261:Glycosylphosphatidylinositols; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D054801:Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C; D043265:Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase