Immunophenotypic differences between putative hematopoietic stem cells and childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
Acute leukemia cells express myeloid, B-lymphoid and T-lymphoid lineage specific antigens. Many acute leukemias express the hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34. Three proposed models of the normal human hematopoietic stem cell include CD34+ Thy-1low Lin-, CD34+ CD38-, and CD34+ HLA-DR-. The patterns of expression of CD34, Thy-1, CD38, HLA-DR, and multiple lineage-specific antigens on 49 consecutive pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases submitted for immunophenotyping (36 at first diagnosis, 13 at relapse) were analyzed. CD34+ expression was observed in 67% of the cases. CD34+ expression correlated with Thy-1low expression and expression of myeloid antigens (p < 0.001 and < 0.025, respectively). The CD34+ Thy-1low phenotype was observed in 65% of the cases; the CD34+ CD38- or CD34+ HLA-DR- phenotypes were observed in only three cases. Examples of heterogeneous expression of CD34 and Thy-1 were found in six cases, but CD38 expression was always bright and homogeneous in all positive cases. The data from this analysis indicates that the CD34+ CD38- or CD34+ HLA-DR- phenotypes would be more useful than the CD34+ Thy-1low phenotype for distinguishing normal hematopoietic stem cells from leukemic cells in childhood B-cell precursor ALL.
Lamkin
T
T
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Childrens Hospital, Los Angeles, CA 90027.
Brooks
J
J
Annett
G
G
Roberts
W
W
Weinberg
K
K
D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1; D000293:Adolescent; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D018941:Antigens, CD19; D018952:Antigens, CD34; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000032:analysis; D000944:Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte / Q000032:analysis*; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D002051:Burkitt Lymphoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens / Q000032:analysis
D015703:Antigens, CD; D018941:Antigens, CD19; D018952:Antigens, CD34; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D000944:Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens; D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; C498154:CD38 protein, human; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1