title: The H1 receptor agonist 2-(3-chlorophenyl)histamine activates Gi proteins in HL-60 cells through a mechanism that is independent of known histamine receptor subtypes.
abstract: In dibutyryl-cAMP-differentiated HL-60 cells, histamine H1 and formyl peptide receptors mediate increases in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) via pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins of the Gi family. We compared the effects of 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-histamine (CPH) [2-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl] ethanamine], one of the most potent and selective H1 receptor agonists presently available, with those of histamine and N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP) in these cells. CPH increased [Ca2+]i through Ca2+ mobilization and Ca2+ influx. Unlike histamine-induced rises in [Ca2+]i, those induced by CPH were not desensitized in a homologous manner, and there was no cross-desensitization between CPH and histamine. Like fMLP, CPH activated phospholipases C and D, tyrosine phosphorylation, superoxide anion formation, and azurophilic granule release. The effects of CPH on [Ca2+]i, phospholipase D, and superoxide anion formation were inhibited by pertussis toxin. CPH and fMLP stimulated high affinity GTP hydrolysis by Gi proteins in HL-60 membranes. They also enhanced binding of guanosine-5'-O-(3-thio)triphosphate and GTP azidoanilide to, and cholera toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of, Gi protein alpha subunits. Histamine receptor antagonists did not inhibit the stimulatory effects of CPH, and CPH did not reduce fMLP binding in HL-60 membranes. Our data suggest that CPH activates Gi proteins in HL-60 cells through a receptor agonist-like mechanism that is, however, independent of known histamine receptor subtypes and formyl peptide receptors. CPH may be an agonist at an as yet unknown histamine receptor subtype or, by analogy with other cationic-amphiphilic substances, may activate G proteins directly. Future studies will have to take into consideration the fact that CPH, in addition to activating H1 receptors, may show other, most unexpected, stimulatory effects on G protein-mediated signal transduction processes.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmakologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seifert
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hagelüken
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Höer
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Höer
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grünbaum
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Offermanns
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schwaner
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zingel
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schunack
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schultz
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000378:metabolism; D020404:Glycerophospholipids; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D006632:Histamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017442:Histamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008345:Manganese / Q000378:metabolism; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism; D019000:Phosphotyrosine; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000187:drug effects; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C087268:2-(3-chlorophenyl)histamine; D020404:Glycerophospholipids; D017442:Histamine Agonists; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; C051521:phosphatidylethanol; D013481:Superoxides; D019000:Phosphotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; D008345:Manganese; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D006632:Histamine; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D005966:Glucuronidase; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D002118:Calcium