title: Obstructive prostatic symptoms: a community survey in Jerusalem.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Benign prostatic hypertrophy has a high prevalence in men aged > or = 50, but there is little information on the correlates of obstructive symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  The prevalence and correlates of reported prostatic symptoms in men aged > or = 50 years were studied in a community survey in the Kiryat Hayovel neighbourhood of Jerusalem in 1985-1987. Five prostate-related questions were asked. Two indices of emotional health were used: the Psychiatric Epidemiology Research Interview demoralization scale and a scale based on the Cornell Medical Index. Associations with sociodemographic, behavioural, emotional, biochemical and physical variables and with self-appraised health were examined both controlling for age only and by multivariate logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence rates in the 839 respondents were 20.4% for hesitancy, 41.1% for weak stream, and 26.7% for terminal dribbling; the rates tended to increase with age. The associations between the symptoms (controlling for age) were significant, the strongest being between hesitancy and weak stream. All three of the urinary symptoms were associated with indices of emotional distress. In the multivariate analysis, the odds ratios when men in the highest and lowest quartiles of emotional ill health were compared were 3.0 for hesitancy, 2.2 for weak stream, and 3.8 for dribbling. Specific symptoms were associated with blood pressure, social class and educational level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The striking associations with emotional ill health underline the importance of appropriate attention to the emotional health of patients who complain of prostatic symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Kupat Holim (Health Insurance Institute of the General Federation of Labour), Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Z H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Abramson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gofin
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Abramson
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D014505:Urban Population; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology