title: Molecular subtyping of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O139 causing epidemic cholera in India and Bangladesh, 1992-1993.
abstract: Since October 1992, > 150,000 cases of cholera have been reported from India and Bangladesh; the great majority of Vibrio cholerae isolates belong to the newly established serogroup O139. To better understand the interaction of genetic and epidemiologic factors responsible for their sudden appearance and rapid spread, representative toxigenic V. cholerae O139 isolates were molecularly characterized and compared with a set of toxigenic V. cholerae O1 and non-O1/non-O139 strains. DNA sequences of the cholera toxin B subunit gene and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis markers of V. cholerae O139 strains were identical to those of V. cholerae O1 isolates of the seventh pandemic. Two distinct ribotypes and four pulsed-field gel electrophoretic patterns were observed for O139 strains. V. cholerae O139 strains were very similar to V. cholerae O1 strains of the seventh pandemic but clearly different from the toxigenic V. cholerae strains of serogroups other than O1 and O139.
authors.affiliation: Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Popovic
authors.forename: P I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Fields
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Olsvik
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Evins
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Farmer
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bopp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wachsmuth
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Sack
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000453:epidemiology; D001483:Base Sequence; D002771:Cholera / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010641:Phenotype; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012703:Serotyping; D014734:Vibrio cholerae / Q000145:classification* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D002772:Cholera Toxin