title: Effects of S-dobutamine on ischemic myocardium caused by coronary artery narrowing.
abstract: Cardiovascular effects of S-dobutamine were compared with effects of vehicle and other catecholamines in dogs during and after 3 days of approximately 90% ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Twenty-four hours after LAD ligation, dogs infused with S-dobutamine (2.5 micrograms/kg/min intravenously, i.v.) maintained systolic blood pressure (SBP 149 +/- 6 mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure (DBP 100 +/- 6 mm Hg), and aortic dP/dt60 (2.8 +/- 0.2 s-1), with no significant changes from preligation values. In comparison, saline-treated dogs showed decreases in arterial BP and contractility: SBP 121 +/- 4 mm Hg; DBP 85 +/- 3 mm Hg; and aortic dP/dt60 was 1.9 +/- 0.1 s-1. S-Dobutamine-infused dogs had a heart rate (HR) of 148 +/- 5 beats/min with 44 +/- 14 beats/min premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), whereas dogs infused with saline, R-dobutamine, dopamine, norepinephrine (NE), or isoproterenol (ISO) all displayed a significantly greater number of PVCs at 24 h. Myocardial necrosis was limited by S-dobutamine treatment (2.5 micrograms/kg/min i.v. for 54 h). As demonstrated by histologic examination, S-dobutamine ameliorated the effects of ischemia as compared with vehicle, R-dobutamine, dopamine, hexamethonium, NE, or ISO. Myocardial tissue electrolytes, quantified 72 h after LAD ligation, were maintained by S-dobutamine-infused dogs in all sections of left ventricle (LV); but in saline-treated dogs, Ca2+ increased eightfold, Na+ increased twofold, and both K+ and Mg2+ decreased 50% in tissue "at risk" as compared with tissues "not at risk." Coronary nutrient blood flow (CNBF) to myocardial capillary vessels was calculated by radiolabeled microspheres 2 h after LAD ligation. As compared with CNBF in untreated hearts, endocardial CNBF in hearts receiving S-dobutamine (5 micrograms/kg/min i.v.) increased from 26 +/- 8 to 49 +/- 15 ml/min/100 g in tissue at risk, from 102 +/- 26 to 217 +/- 50 in "border zone," and from 133 +/- 13 to 215 +/- 41 in tissue not at risk. CNBF values in animals receiving vehicle infusion were not significantly different from CNBF values measured after ligation only. The S-enantiomer of dobutamine, infused in dogs for 54 h after coronary artery ligation, maintained cardiac performance, electrolyte balance, and myocardial cellular viability and reduced incidences of arrhythmias through its ability to increase CNBF without increasing HR.
authors.affiliation: Lilly Research Laboratories 0403, Eli Lilly, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285.
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Pollock
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bowling
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Tuttle
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hayes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D003329:Coronary Vasospasm / Q000150:complications; D004280:Dobutamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004285:Dogs; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D004573:Electrolytes; D004280:Dobutamine