Assembly and regulation of NADPH oxidase and nitric oxide synthase.
Research over the past year has revealed several interesting advances in the biosynthesis of the superoxide anion and nitric oxide. Highlights include the demonstration that the G protein Rac 2 is required for NADPH oxidase activation, the finding that nitric oxide is a feedback inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase isoforms, and the discovery that the continuous catalytic activity of the immune/inflammatory nitric oxide synthase is due to strong calmodulin binding, which is independent of elevated calcium levels. Interferon-gamma primes neutrophils and macrophages for both O2- and nitric oxide synthesis. However, NADPH oxidase and immune/inflammatory nitric oxide synthase are differentially regulated such that their activities are not simultaneously induced.
Bastian
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NR
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City 84132.
Hibbs
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JB
D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
D007527:Isoenzymes; D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; D019255:NADPH Oxidases