title: The correction of interarch malocclusions using a fixed force module.
abstract: This article describes the use of a flexible force module (the Jasper Jumper) that can be incorporated into existing fixed appliances to correct various types of sagittal malocclusion. Essentially the spring mechanism described in this article is a modification of the original bite jumping mechanism of Herbst. The flexible spring module provides greater freedom of mandibular movement than is possible with the more rigid mechanism of the Herbst appliance. The facial musculature applies force through these modules to the anchor points to produce a variety of treatment effects. The treatment effects produced by the module mimic those previously described for the Herbst appliance and include posterior movement of the maxillary buccal segments and anterior movement of the mandible or mandibular dentition or both. Specifics of the clinical management of this modular system are discussed, including anchorage preparation and torque application, as well as the methods of anchoring, activating and reactivating the modules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, USA.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Jasper
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: McNamara
mesh_terms: D000202:Activator Appliances; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000473:pathology; D003818:Dentition, Mixed; D005115:Extraoral Traction Appliances; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009068:Movement; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D018583:Pliability; D012399:Rotation; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods