title: The use of digital image analysis of chromatin texture in Feulgen-stained nuclei to predict recurrence of low grade superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Identifying a marker enabling prediction of recurrence in the group of superficial transitional cell carcinomas (sTCCs) of the bladder remains an important challenge today. This report quantitatively describes chromatin patterns with respect to such sTCC recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine patients with sTCCs who did not exhibit tumor recurrence within a minimum of 24 months were compared with 21 patients with sTCCs who exhibited tumor recurrence two or three times in a 24-month period, for a total of 74 sTCCs. Quantitative chromatin pattern description was performed by the digital cell image analyses of Feulgen-stained nuclei. Six morphonuclear parameters were thus described and subsequently used to determine a score, allowing biological behavior of sTCCs to be described, i.e., recurrence versus non-recurrence in one calculation step. DNA ploidy level was also determined in each sTCC by assessing its DNA histogram type.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 32 patients with Grade 1 pathologically classified pTa/pT1 tumors, DNA ploidy level determination permitted correct prediction of tumor nonrecurrence or recurrence of 13 (41%), whereas determination of the score values enabled prediction of nonrecurrence or recurrence of 25 (78%). Combining DNA ploidy level data and the score values enabled recurrence or nonrecurrence to be predicted for 29/32 of the patients (91%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The quantitative description of chromatin patterns by digital cell image analysis of Feulgen-stained nuclei can provide helpful information, in addition to DNA ploidy level determination, in predicting tumor recurrence of low grade superficial transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Institute J. Bordet, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van Velthoven
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petein
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Oosterlinck
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Roels
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pasteels
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schulman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kiss
mesh_terms: D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002843:Chromatin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011003:Ploidies; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000648:ultrastructure*
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D004396:Coloring Agents; C007722:Feulgen stain; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes