title: Drug-induced gingival overgrowth and its management.
abstract: Gingival overgrowth is associated with the chronic usage of phenytoin, cyclosporin and the dihydropyridines. The pathogenesis of this unwanted effect is uncertain but appears to be enhanced by plaque-induced gingival inflammation. Certain patients appear to be more susceptible to gingival overgrowth and this may be related to gingival fibroblast phenotypes. In most cases, treatment involves surgical excision, followed by a concentrated oral hygiene programme. Recurrence of gingival overgrowth is a persistent problem particularly in the 'responder' patients. If an alternative, suitable medication is available, it may be worth while considering such a change through consultation with the patient's physician. Since patients are retaining their teeth into old age, the prevalence of this unwanted effect is likely to increase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental School, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Seymour
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Thomason
mesh_terms: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects; D005886:Gingival Hypertrophy / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D010672:Phenytoin; D016572:Cyclosporine