title: Nephrotoxicity of immunosuppressive drugs.
abstract: Acute and chronic nephrotoxicity frequently limits the therapeutic benefits of immunosuppressive therapy for transplant and autoimmune indications. The clinical aspects, pathophysiology, and relevant pharmacology of current and future immunosuppressive drugs are reviewed in this paper. Insights gained from experimental models of chronic nephrotoxicity associated with tubulointerstitial fibrosis are presented.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201.
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Burdmann
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Andoh
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Houghton
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lindsley
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Elzinga
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced; D000818:Animals; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000009:adverse effects; D006463:Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000139:chemically induced; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D011090:Polyenes / Q000009:adverse effects; D020123:Sirolimus; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D003524:Cyclosporins; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011090:Polyenes; D020123:Sirolimus; D016559:Tacrolimus