title: IL-1 beta induces the coexpression of both nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase by islets of Langerhans: activation of cyclooxygenase by nitric oxide.
abstract: Autoimmune diabetes is characterized by an early infiltration of lymphocytes into and around islets, which is followed by selective destruction of the insulin-secreting beta-cell. Cytokines released during this inflammatory reaction have been implicated as effector molecules which mediate beta-cell destruction. In vitro treatment of rat islets with the cytokine IL-1 beta results in an inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion that is mediated by the overproduction of nitric oxide. IL-1 beta also stimulates the production of the cyclooxygenase (COX) product prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). In this study we have examined the effects of IL-1 beta on both inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and inducible cyclooxygenase (iCOX) expression, and the direct effects of nitric oxide on the activity of COX. Treatment of rat islets with 5 units/mL IL-1 beta induces a similar time-dependent production of both nitrite and PGE2. IL-1 beta-induced nitrite and PGE2 production is attenuated by the NOS inhibitor NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMMA), but NMMA has no inhibitory effect on the expression of either iCOX or iNOS as determined by immunoprecipitation. Actinomycin D prevents IL-1 beta-induced iCOX and iNOS expression and the production of both nitrite and PGE2 by islets, suggesting that mRNA transcription is required for IL-1 beta-induced expression of both iNOS and iCOX. The effects of exogenous arachidonic acid on both constitutive COX (cCOX) and iCOX activity were also investigated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Corbett
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Turk
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: McDaniel
mesh_terms: D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D003609:Dactinomycin; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; D015232:Dinoprostone