title: Altered vertebrobasilar flow in children: angiographic, MR, and MR angiographic findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the clinical, MR, MR angiographic, and conventional angiographic findings in vertebrobasilar disease in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight children with posterior circulation ischemia and infarction had conventional spin-echo MR and MR angiography of the head and neck. Six patients had conventional angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six patients had alteration of vertebral or basilar artery flow void on spin-echo images. MR angiography showed all six cases of angiographically proved vertebrobasilar dissection or occlusion despite overestimating the extent of arterial abnormality in two patients. In two patients the intracranial peripheral branch cutoff shown at angiography was correctly predicted on screening MR angiography.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Posterior circulation infarction in children is usually secondary to traumatic injury to the vertebrobasilar circulation. MR and MR angiography noninvasively show vertebrobasilar flow disturbances and compare favorably with angiography in documenting dissection or occlusion of the vertebrobasilar circulation. MR angiography may obviate the need for invasive angiography in these children at diagnosis and during follow-up of anticoagulation therapy.
authors.affiliation: Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock 72202, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Glasier
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Angtuaco
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D016489:Head Injuries, Closed / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D014715:Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology