title: Prolonged inhibition of brain nitric oxide synthase by short-term systemic administration of nitro-L-arginine methyl ester.
abstract: We studied the dose-response characteristics and the temporal profile of inhibition of brain nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) elicited by i.v. administration of the NOS inhibitor nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). L-NAME was administered i.v. in awake rats equipped with a venous cannula. L-NAME was injected in cumulative doses of 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg and rats were sacrificed 30 min after the last dose. NOS catalytic activity was assayed in forebrain cytosol as the conversion of [3H]L-arginine into [3H]L-citrulline. L-NAME attenuated brain NOS activity in a dose-dependent manner but enzyme activity could not be inhibited by more than approximately 50%. After a single 20 mg/kg injection of L-NAME the inhibition of brain NOS activity was time dependent and reached a stable level at 2 hrs (52% of vehicle). Inhibition after a single injection was still present at 96 hrs, albeit to a lower magnitude. We conclude that intravenous administration of L-NAME in rats at concentrations commonly used in physiological experiments leads to a dose and time-dependent but partial inhibition of brain NOS catalytic activity. The finding that the inhibition persists for several days after a single administration is consistent with the hypothesis that nitro-L-arginine, the active principle of L-NAME, binds to NOS irreversibly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Iadecola
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: el-Fakahany
mesh_terms: D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology*; D002956:Citrulline / Q000378:metabolism; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D016548:Prosencephalon / Q000201:enzymology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002956:Citrulline; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester