title: New polymorphism on platelet glycoprotein IIIa gene recognized by endonuclease Msp I: implications for PlA typing by allele-specific restriction analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Five human platelet alloantigen systems have been shown to result from single base pair substitutions in encoding regions of platelet glycoprotein genes IIIa, Ib, IIb, and Ia. For each of the diallelic systems, at least one restriction enzyme is known to cut only one of the two haplotypes. In the PlA system, restriction endonucleases Nci I and Msp I both recognize the PlA2 allele.
  
  
  METHODS
  A causal observation of an unexpected Msp I restriction pattern of a PlA2/PlA2 individual was made. Samples from 261 blood donors were then typed for antigens of the PlA system by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using the Nci I and Msp I restriction enzymes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Applying both enzymes, concordant restriction patterns were found in 258 of 261 blood donors. Three donors had a base pair mutation on the PlA2 allele, which creates an additional restriction site for Msp I 20 base pairs downstream from the PlA polymorphic site. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed a CT217-->CG217G base exchange resulting in a Leu40-->Arg40 polymorphism of glycoprotein IIIa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Presuming that the mutation is not a singular phenomenon and also occurs with the PlA1 haplotype, it could lead to false interpretations of restriction analysis with Msp I. To exclude that possibility, Nci I is preferred for restriction fragment length polymorphism typing in the PlA system.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Unkelbach
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kalb
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Breitfeld
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santoso
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kiefel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mueller-Eckhardt
mesh_terms: D016824:Antigens, Human Platelet / Q000032:analysis; D019003:Deoxyribonuclease HpaII; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D016824:Antigens, Human Platelet; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D019003:Deoxyribonuclease HpaII; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific