title: Characterization of the genomic sequence of type V (or 3a) hepatitis C virus isolates and PCR primers for specific detection.
abstract: We have identified four new hepatitis C virus (HCV) isolates whose genomic RNA could be amplified by PCR using primers from the 5' untranslated region (UTR), but the RNA could not be detected with genotype I to IV (or types 1a, 1b, 2a and 2b respectively)-specific core region-derived primers. We compared the nucleotide sequences of the new isolates from positions 65 to 1850 (3' end of 5' UTR, C, E1 and 5' end of E2/NS1) and 8276 to 9394 (3' end of NS5 and 3' UTR) with those for genotypes I to IV. The four isolates had the following characteristics: (i) the overall nucleotide sequence similarity between the four isolates was 95 to 96%, compared to 73 to 74%, 73%, 70% or 69 to 70% against genotypes I, II, III or IV, respectively; (ii) the sequence similarity to other reported 'type V (3a)' isolates was 88 to 100%; (iii) the hypervariable region 1 [(HVR)-1] was present but HVR-2 was absent within the E2/NS1 region; (iv) only one in-frame termination codon was present for the presumed polyprotein; (v) the 3'UTR preceding a terminal poly(U) stretch was significantly shorter than in genotype I to IV isolates. We classified the four isolates as genotype V (3a), and searched for uniquely conserved nucleotide sequences that could be used for type-specific PCR. A core region-derived primer pair (no. 104V: 5' CGTAAAACTTCT GAACGGTC, sense and no. 339: 5' GCTGAGCCCA GGACCGGTCT, antisense) was identified and successfully used to diagnose genotype V (3a) HCV infection.
authors.affiliation: Immunology Division, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tokita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horikita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iizuka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mishiro
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012313:RNA; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; C034477:RNA primers; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012313:RNA