title: Circulating insulin-like growth factor II/mannose-6-phosphate receptor and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in fetal sheep plasma are regulated by glucose and insulin.
abstract: We have reported previously that levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-II in fetal sheep plasma decrease with maternal starvation and increase following an infusion of glucose to the starved fetus, while a fetal infusion of insulin elevates UGF-I alone. We now report the changes in the circulating IGF-II/M6P receptor and plasma IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs), as measured by western blotting and ligand blotting, respectively, in fetus and mother during this study. In fetal plasma, the circulating IGF-II/mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) receptor, IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-4 were reduced during starvation. While circulating IGF-II/M6P receptor and IGFBP-4 levels were increased following the fetal insulin or glucose infusion, IGFBP-3 was unchanged and increased only after 48 h of maternal refeeding. Both IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 increased with starvation but while IGFBP-1 levels returned to control values following both insulin and glucose infusion, levels of IGFBP-2 were not reduced significantly by either infusion or by refeeding. In maternal plasma, levels of IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-4 decreased while IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 increased after 48 h of starvation. Levels of each IGFBP were unaltered following the fetal infusions but returned to values obtained during the control period after refeeding. These data show that each of the IGF carrier proteins is sensitive of changes in nutrition, either acutely, such as IGFBP-1, or chronically, as for IGFBP-3. This suggests that the circulating IGF-II/M6P receptor and the IGFBP's may modulate IGF activity in the fetus during different nutritional states.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Developmental Medicine and Biology, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Gallaher
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eichhorn
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kessler
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kiess
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Harding
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Gluckman
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Breier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; D018974:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000032:analysis*; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2 / Q000032:analysis*; D012756:Sheep / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; D018974:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D005947:Glucose