title: [Problems of enterology].
abstract: Most diagnostic problems in enterology may be solved if X-ray studies, intestino-fibroscopy, colonoscopy, ileoscopy, and current laboratory examinations are properly performed. In clinical practice the value of functional tests aimed at specifying the severity of abnormalities in intestinal digestion, absorption, and motility is underestimated. The paper shows how present-day functional tools (regional perfusion of the small bowel, hydrogen respiratory test, etc.) may be used to diagnose intestinal absorption and motility. Four mechanisms of the pathogenesis of diarrhea are identified. These include intestinal hypersecretion, elevated osmotic pressure in the intestinal cavity, intestinal hyper-exudation and impaired intestinal contents transit. Main principles in the treatment of chronic diarrhea are given in relation to the prevalence of disturbed ion and water transport through the intestinal wall.
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Parfenov
mesh_terms: D003967:Diarrhea / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005762:Gastroenterology / Q000379:methods; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000503:physiopathology; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D014883:Water-Electrolyte Imbalance