Can human hematopoietic stem cells be cultured ex vivo?
The factors that induce proliferation of the human hematopoietic stem cell are ill defined. Further characterization of such growth factors will be needed to develop ex vivo culture systems that induce prolonged proliferation and expansion of human hematopoietic stem cells. Human or murine hematopoietic progenitors that can initiate and sustain long-term culture systems (LTC-IC) represent a population of very primitive hematopoietic progenitors. When cultured in direct contact with stromal layers, we and others have demonstrated that a fraction of such LTC-IC can be maintained. In addition, stroma-free long-term cultures supplemented with two to nine cytokines can induce proliferation and differentiation of immature human hematopoietic progenitors. However, 70-90% of primitive LTC-IC are lost after five weeks in such cultures. We describe a "stroma-non-contact" culture system, in which progenitors are cultured separated from stroma by a 0.4 micron microporous membrane which prevents cell stroma contact but allows free passage of diffusible factors. Primitive progenitors in such cultures can not only differentiate into committed progenitors but also are maintained to a greater extent than in Dexter cultures. We will discuss the relative contribution of 1) direct contact between hematopoietic progenitors and bone marrow stroma, 2) soluble stroma-derived factors and 3) previously characterized growth promoting and presumed growth inhibitory cytokines in the in vitro maintenance and potential expansion of LTC-IC.
Verfaillie
C M
CM
Division of Hematology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D018952:Antigens, CD34; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D002450:Cell Communication; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D003238:Connective Tissue; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D046508:Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D016298:Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000494:pharmacology; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D051379:Mice; D015846:Monokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
D015703:Antigens, CD; D018952:Antigens, CD34; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D016207:Cytokines; D016298:Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors; D007377:Interleukin-3; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D015846:Monokines