Natriuretic effects of dopamine agonist drugs in models of reduced renal mass.
In addition to recognized neurotransmitter properties in the central nervous system, dopamine (DA) plays a role in the physiological activity of the kidney through its hemodynamic and natriuretic effects. On the basis of these data, some pharmacological interventions have focused their attention on the use of DA-related drugs to improve renal sodium handling. We summarize the data obtained from two studies using two DA agonist drugs, lisuride (LIS) and fenoldopam (FEN), in two situations of reduced renal mass. During an intravenous sodium load performed on 10 uninephrectomized dogs, LIS induced a significant blockade of the concomitant pressor response, estimated by lower blood pressure and norepinephrine levels. Under these same conditions, FEN significantly decreased blood pressure and elevated the natriuretic response. In a second study, when FEN was administered at nonhypotensive doses to chronic renal failure patients, it evoked an enhancement of diuresis, natriuresis, and creatinine clearance. These data seem to confirm the involvement of DA in the regulation of cardiovascular homeostasis and its role in renal sodium handling. Furthermore, these beneficial effects support the use of DA-related drugs in the field of hypertension.
Robles
R G
RG
Endocrinology Department, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
Villa
E
E
Andres
A
A
Martinez
J
J
Ruilope
L M
LM
Sancho
J M
JM
D015647:2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004231:Diuresis / Q000187:drug effects; D004285:Dogs; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018818:Fenoldopam; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008090:Lisuride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009318:Natriuresis / Q000187:drug effects*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine
D015259:Dopamine Agents; D015647:2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; D012964:Sodium; D008090:Lisuride; D018818:Fenoldopam; D009638:Norepinephrine