title: In vitro suppression of Pseudomonas cepacia after limited exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of amiloride and 5-(N,N-hexamethylene) amiloride.
abstract: Amiloride (A) for aerosolized therapy in cystic fibrosis (CF) is under investigation. Antipseudomonal properties of A and A analogs in vitro have recently been described. This study was performed to determine if there was suppression of P. cepacia growth after a limited 2-hour exposure to (subinhibitory) concentrations of A +/- tobramycin (T) or to the analog 5-(N,N-hexamethylene) amiloride (HMA) in vitro. The MIC of each drug against five different P. cepacia strains was determined. Cells were prepared in Mueller Hinton broth to [10(6)] colony forming units (CFU)/mL and incubated at 35 degrees C for 2 hours in the presence and absence of subinhibitory A, HMA, T, or A+T. The CFU were measured before and at 1-hour intervals after dilutional removal of drug. The post-antibiotic effect (PAE) was defined as the time (in minutes) required for the test culture counts to increase 10-fold minus the time required for control counts to increase 10-fold. At 400 micrograms/mL or 200 micrograms/mL, the PAE for A against five different strains was 139 +/- 23 and 83 +/- 24 (mean +/- SD) minutes, respectively. For 100 micrograms/mL and 50 mu cg/mL HMA, the PAE was 122 +/- 38 and 65 +/- 25 minutes. For T and A+T (200 micrograms/mL + 32 micrograms/mL) the PAE ws 168 +/- 30 and 258 +/- 30 minutes. We conclude that A and the analog HMA in (subinhibitory) concentrations have a suppressive effect on P. cepacia after drug removal and potentiate the effect of T in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Medical Center of Dayton, OH 45404-1815.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Cohn
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rudzienski
mesh_terms: D000584:Amiloride / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016956:Burkholderia cepacia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013997:Time Factors; D014031:Tobramycin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C057360:5-(N,N-hexamethylene)amiloride; D000584:Amiloride; D014031:Tobramycin