title: Inhibition of granulocytic differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells in primary culture by transforming growth factor-beta.
abstract: We investigated the effect of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF beta) on the proliferation and differentiation of cultured acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells with the chromosomal t(15;17) translocation obtained from four patients to determine the role of TGF beta on growth and differentiation of APL cells. DNA synthesis, determined by 3H-thymidine uptake, was inhibited in the presence and absence of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in a dose-dependent manner by TGF beta in APL cells obtained from three of the four cases. TGF beta and G-CSF did not significantly affect the differentiation of APL cells, but all-trans retinoic acid (RA) induced morphological and functional differentiation in all APL cells tested. G-CSF markedly enhanced RA-induced granulocytic differentiation in APL cells obtained from all four cases. In cells in which TGF beta inhibited DNA synthesis, it also inhibited RA-induced granulocytic differentiation of APL cells and, to a greater degree, granulocytic differentiation induced by RA plus G-CSF. These results suggest that TGF beta is a negative regulator of the proliferation and differentiation of APL cells. The significance of TGF beta as an endogenous regulator in differentiation therapy with RA of APL patients is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hino
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tomoyasu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Honma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hozumi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsuruoka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002884:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15; D002886:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D014212:Tretinoin