title: Relationship of transforming growth factor beta 1 to extracellular matrix and stromal infiltrates in invasive breast carcinoma.
abstract: Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) comprises a group of multifunctional regulatory proteins, whose effects include stimulation of extracellular matrix formation and modification of immune function. The presence of TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 in invasive breast carcinomas has been determined and related to pathological features, the presence of fibronectin and tenascin and lymphocyte/macrophage infiltration, using immunohistochemistry. Differences were observed in the extent of reactivity within the same carcinoma and between tumours stained with an antibody detecting TGF-beta 1 ane one detecting TGF-beta plus TGF-beta 2, the latter having a higher level of reactivity. Prominent reactivity for TGF-beta 1 was associated with lymph node metastasis, (0.02 > P > 0.01), increased detection of cellular fibronectin, fine stromal fibronectin staining, more prominent reactivity for tenascin (0.02 > P > 0.01), the presence of tumour-associated macrophage infiltration and altered ratios of CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte populations, with CD8 lymphocytes predominating. These associations were not observed for carcinomas showing prominent staining with antibody detecting TGF-beta 2 as well as TGF-beta 1. The findings indicate that TGF-beta 1 may have a role in invasion and metastasis of breast carcinomas.
authors.affiliation: Breast Cancer Research Unit, University of Leicester, Glenfield General Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Dearing
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gallacher
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000032:analysis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal / Q000032:analysis*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000473:pathology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D019063:Tenascin; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis*; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D005353:Fibronectins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D019063:Tenascin; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule