title: Evaluation of toxicity and efficacy of a combination of antineoplastic agents in the prevention of PVR.
abstract: The retinal toxicity of a combination of antineoplastic drugs in free and liposome-encapsulated form was determined in the rabbit eye. Bleomycin sulfate and 5-fluorouridine were evaluated by clinical observation, electroretinogram, and histological study. Forty-five eyes were injected with combinations of various doses of bleomycin and 5-FUR in free and encapsulated form; 10 eyes served as controls. The nontoxic free dose was found to be 3.5 micrograms bleomycin and 150 micrograms 5-FUR. Liposome encapsulation increased the nontoxic dose to 4.7 micrograms bleomycin and 200 micrograms 5-FUR. Four groups of rabbits in which proliferative vitreoretinopathy had been induced were used for the efficacy study; the control group received an injection of PBS; the second group was injected with a combination of 3.5 micrograms bleomycin and 150 micrograms 5-FUR in free form; the third group was injected with the identical doses in liposome-encapsulated form; and the fourth group received encapsulated bleomycin (4.7 micrograms) and 5-FUR (200 micrograms). The dose used in Group 4 was significantly more effective (P < 0.01) in preventing tractional retinal detachment and marginally more effective (P = 0.054) in preventing neovascularization.
authors.affiliation: LSU Eye Center, Louisiana State University Medical Center School of Medicine, New Orleans.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salah-Eldin
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Peyman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: el-Aswad
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bandok
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bahgat
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Niesman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D005347:Fibroblasts; D008081:Liposomes; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011817:Rabbits; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015861:Retinal Neovascularization / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014529:Uridine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000633:toxicity; D018630:Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D008081:Liposomes; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D001761:Bleomycin; C001943:5-fluorouridine; D014529:Uridine