title: Adenovirus-mediated transfer of the CFTR gene to lung of nonhuman primates: toxicity study.
abstract: In preparation for human trials of gene therapy for cystic fibrosis (CF), we performed a preclinical study of gene transfer into the lungs of baboons. Recombinant adenovirus vectors containing expression cassettes for human cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (lacZ) were instilled through a bronchoscope into limited regions of lung in 14 baboons. A detailed accounting of the extent, distribution, and duration of gene expression is contained in a companion article (Engelhardt et al., 1993b). In this article, we report the results of toxicity studies in which clinical laboratory tests, chest radiographs, and necropsy studies were used to detect adverse effects. The only adverse effect noted was a mononuclear cell inflammatory response within the alveolar compartment of animals receiving doses of virus that were required to induce detectable gene expression. Minimal inflammation was seen at 10(7) and 10(8) pfu/ml, but at 10(9) and more prominently at 10(10) pfu/ml, a perivascular lymphocytic and histiocytic infiltrate was seen. The intensity of inflammation increased between 4 and 21 days. At its greatest intensity, there was diffuse alveolar wall damage with intra-alveolar edema. Airways were relatively spared, despite the intensity of alveolar inflammation. Clinical tests did not accurately reflect the presence of lung inflammation, with the exception of chest radiographs which revealed alveolar infiltrates, but only in regions of lung having the greatest intensity inflammation. We conclude that adenovirus-mediated gene transfer into the lungs of baboons is associated with development of alveolar inflammation at high doses of virus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109.
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Engelhardt
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zepeda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weber-Pendleton
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grossman
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000628:therapy*; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D010215:Papio; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000473:pathology; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C505032:CFTR protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator; D001616:beta-Galactosidase