title: Teaching older adults by adapting for aging changes.
abstract: Few teaching programs are geared to meet the special learning needs of the elderly. This pilot study used a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design to measure the effect of the Adaptation for Aging Changes (AAC) Method on fecal occult blood screening (FOBS) at meal sites for the elderly in the South. The AAC Method uses techniques that adjust the presentation to accommodate for normal aging changes and includes a demonstration of the procedure for collection of the stool blood test, memory reminders of the date to return the stool blood test, and written materials adapted to the 5th grade reading level. In addition, actual practice of the FOBS with the use of peanut butter was added to the AAC Method, making it the AAC with Practice Method (AACP) in two sites. The American Cancer Society's colorectal cancer educational slide-tape show served as the basis for all of the methods. Hemoccult II kits were distributed at no cost to the participants. Descriptive statistics, chi 2, and logistic regressions were used to analyze data from 135 Council on Aging meal sites' participants. The average age of the participants was 72 years; the average educational level was 8th grade; over half the sample was African-American; and half of the participants had incomes below the poverty level. Results support a significant increase in participation in FOBS in participants taught by the AACP Method [chi 2 (1, n = 56) = 5.34, p = 0.02; odds ratio = 6.2]. This research provides support for teaching that makes adaptations for aging changes, especially adaptations that include actual practice of the procedure.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Weinrich
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Weinrich
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Boyd
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Atwood
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cervenka
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D001296:Audiovisual Aids; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D009780:Occult Blood; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011203:Poverty; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D013022:South Carolina; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic