title: Growth and differentiation of the human megakaryoblastic cell line (ELF-153): a model for early stages of megakaryocytopoiesis.
abstract: ELF-153 is a cell line that has been established from a patient with a poorly differentiated acute myeloid leukemia associated with an acute myelofibrosis. A majority of cells had a blast morphology with the phenotype of a myeloid hematopoietic progenitor, ie, CD34+, CD33+, CD13+, HLA-DR+, but CD38-, and the remaining cells (5% to 10%) expressed platelet restricted proteins such as CD41, CD42, CD36, CD61, and von Willebrand factor; some of them were polyploid (up to 32N) and exhibited demarcation membranes and alpha granules. No erythroid or other lineage-specific markers were detected. Proliferation of ELF-153 cells was highly stimulated by interleukin-3 (IL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and to a lesser extent by stem cell factor and IL-6. In contrast, the cell line did not respond to erythropoietin, leukemia inhibitory factor, IL-7, IL-11, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor. ELF-153 cells could be separated by flow cytometry into three discrete cell populations (CD34+/CD61-, CD34+/CD61+, and CD34-/CD61+) with different proliferative and endomitotic properties corresponding to distinct stages of the mega karyocyte (MK) differentiation. This MK differentiation, which involved a minority of ELF-153, could be increased in the presence of 5-azacytidine and phorbol ester, but could not be significantly modified by growth factors. By contrast, cytochalasin B dramatically induced polyploidization without differentiation. It is noteworthy that association of 5-azacytidine to cytochalasin B dramatically induced the production of polyploid MK cells. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this MK differentiation, the expression of GATA-1 and GATA-2 was investigated in subpopulations of ELF-153. A high level of GATA-1 and GATA-2 mRNA was only present in the CD61+ cells. Therefore, these two transactivating factors may play an important role in the MK differentiation of ELF-153. We conclude that ELF-153 might be an important tool to investigate the mechanisms by which transcription factors control differentiation of MK progenitors.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U362, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mouthon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freund
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Titeux
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guichard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Breton-Gorius
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vainchenker
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001374:Azacitidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D003571:Cytochalasin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006410:Hematopoiesis; D006801:Humans; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid; D008533:Megakaryocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron; D008954:Models, Biological; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D016207:Cytokines; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D003571:Cytochalasin B; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D001374:Azacitidine; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate