title: Acute effects of tramadol in methadone-maintained volunteers.
abstract: The opioid agonist and antagonist properties of tramadol were assessed in 6 male opioid-dependent volunteers enrolled in a methadone maintenance programme. Subjects participated in 3 experimental sessions in which the effects of intramuscular tramadol 100 and 300 mg and placebo were evaluated. Tramadol neither produced morphine-like effects nor precipitated a withdrawal syndrome; its subjective, behavioural and physiological effects were not different from those of placebo. Although the results of this study suggest that tramadol has a low abuse liability in opioid-dependent subjects, higher doses should be tested to confirm these data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica, Universitat Autònoma, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Camí
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lamas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farré
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014147:Tramadol / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014147:Tramadol; D008691:Methadone