title: Genotoxic activities in vivo of cobaltous chloride and other metal chlorides as assayed in the Drosophila wing spot test.
abstract: A series of metal chlorides were subjected to the wing spot test of Drosophila melanogaster. In the test, larvae trans-heterozygous for the wing-hair mutations mwh and flr were orally treated at the third instar stage with a test compound and the wings were inspected at the adult stage for spots expressing phenotypes of the markers. CoCl2, MnCl2, MoCl3, NiCl2 and ZnCl2 were clearly effective in inducing spots with one or two mutant hairs (small spots). CoCl2 was clearly effective in inducing spots with three or more mutant hairs (large spots) as well. CrCl3, FeCl2 and FeCl3 were negative under the conditions used. Based on estimated frequencies of small spots induced at the LD50, the genotoxic effectiveness of the positive metal salts were ranked in a sequence of CoCl2 > ZnCl2 > MoCl3 > (MnCl2, NiCl2). Since CoCl2 did not induce large spots in the wings of the mwh/TM3 flies with a suppressed ability of mitotic crossing-over, the large spots induced by this compound in the mwh/flr system were ascertained as mutant clones due to mitotic crossing-overs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors.forename: H I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibahara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuruta
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kakimoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ryo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002712:Chlorides / Q000633:toxicity*; D003035:Cobalt / Q000633:toxicity*; D003434:Crossing Over, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D017895:Manganese Compounds; D020149:Manganese Poisoning; D008982:Molybdenum / Q000633:toxicity; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D009532:Nickel / Q000633:toxicity; D017967:Zinc Compounds / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D017895:Manganese Compounds; D009153:Mutagens; D017967:Zinc Compounds; D003035:Cobalt; C022838:nickel chloride; D009532:Nickel; D008982:Molybdenum; C016837:zinc chloride; C085192:molybdenum chloride; C018021:cobaltous chloride; C025340:manganese chloride