title: A nonhuman primate model for human cerebral malaria: rhesus monkeys experimentally infected with Plasmodium fragile.
abstract: We studied the brains of rhesus monkeys infected with the primate malaria parasite Plasmodium fragile. Electron microscopy showed that, in these animals, erythrocytes infected with P. fragile undergo sequestration and that parasitized red blood cells adhere to endothelial cells in the cerebral microvessels by means of knobs. Cerebral microvessels with sequestered parasitized red blood cells were shown by immunohistochemical analysis to possess the platelet glycoprotein CD36, thrombospondin, and intracellular adhesion molecule-1. The formation of rosettes also was observed in the cerebral microvessels. In a fashion similar to human cerebral malaria, P. fragile produced neurological symptoms in the animals. Thus, rhesus monkeys infected with P. fragile, like those monkeys infected with Plasmodium coatneyi, can be used as a primate model to study human cerebral malaria.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujioka
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Millet
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maeno
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aikawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D001921:Brain / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000032:analysis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000469:parasitology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000469:parasitology*; D016779:Malaria, Cerebral / Q000097:blood / Q000469:parasitology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D010961:Plasmodium / Q000502:physiology*; D016024:Receptors, Cytoadhesin / Q000032:analysis; D012397:Rosette Formation; D019699:Thrombospondins
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D016024:Receptors, Cytoadhesin; D019699:Thrombospondins; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1