title: Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum in children and adolescents: a clue for underlying renal and retinal disease.
abstract: The prevalence of persistent microalbuminuria, retinopathy, and peripheral and autonomic neuropathy was assessed in 18 children and adolescents with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who suffered from necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum (NLD) and in 40 diabetics without NLD, matched for sex, age, duration of disease, and metabolic control. The mean +/- SD age of the patients was 15.1 +/- 8.6 years (range 7.9-23.9 yrs) and their duration of IDDM was 10.9 +/- 8.1 years (range 7.1-21.0 yrs). Their mean glycosylated hemoglobin level was 9.9 +/- 5.0% (7.3-16.6%) and their fructosamine level was 274 +/- 180 mumol/L (199-466 mumol/L). Patients with NLD had a higher frequency of persistent microalbuminuria (p < 0.001) and retinopathy (p < 0.001) than those without NLD. Our study suggests that children as well as adult diabetics with NLD can be at high risk for nephropathy and retinopathy; NLD can be a clue for diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verrotti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chiarelli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amerio
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morgese
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000150:complications; D002648:Child; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000150:complications*; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000150:complications; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D019270:Fructosamine; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006595:Hexosamines / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009335:Necrobiosis Lipoidica / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D019270:Fructosamine; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D006595:Hexosamines