title: Thermal and behavioral effects of lipopolysaccharide and influenza in interleukin-1 beta-deficient mice.
abstract: This study characterized body temperature (Tb), locomotor activity (Act), and feeding behavior under normal conditions and following injection with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or inoculation with live influenza virus of transgenic C57/black mice deficient in interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta). Tb and Act in freely moving mice were measured by biotelemetry. Mice deficient in IL-1 beta had normal circadian rhythm of Tb but were less active than their control counterparts. Mice injected with LPS (2.5 mg/kg i.p.) responded with a prompt decrease of Tb, which lasted approximately 10 h, followed by a fever in which Tb reached a peak at approximately 24 h postinjection. There was no difference between groups in the early drop of Tb after the LPS; however, the 24-h peak of Tb was lower in IL-1 beta-deficient mice. The anorexic effects of LPS and influenza infection were similar in both groups of mice. In mice given influenza virus (17.5 plaque-forming units, median lethal dose), Tb and Act gradually decreased. The fall of Tb was smaller in the transgenic mice. The mice deficient in IL-1 beta displayed a higher mortality rate due to influenza infection than the control mice. We conclude that deficiency in IL-1 beta results in lower fever following the LPS injection and in impairment of the defense response to infection with influenza.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Basic and Applied Medical Research, Lovelace Institutes, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, USA.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kozak
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Conn
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Soszynski
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: van der Ploeg
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kluger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000172:deficiency*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides