Significance of androgen deprivation prior to radical prostatectomy, with special reference to prostate-specific antigen.
A total of 37 selected patients with clinical stage T2b or T3 prostate cancer received androgen deprivation prior to radical retropubic prostatectomy. A luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analog alone was given to 15 individuals; 19 received an LHRH analog with flutamide. Three underwent bilateral orchiectomy instead of chemical castration. The duration of androgen deprivation prior to radical prostatectomy varied from 3 to 16 months, with 31 individuals undergoing induction therapy for 3-6 months. Three received androgen deprivation for more than 1 year. In all, 15 patients had clinical stage T2b disease and 22, stage T3 prostate cancer. The prostate size decreased approximately 30%-50% following induction therapy. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values decreased in all 19 instances where this was obtained. In all, 6 of 15 (40%) patients with clinical T2b lesions and 9 of 22 (41%) with clinical T3 tumors had a positive surgical margin; 5 (13%) had 1 or more positive lymph nodes. Androgen deprivation was continued following surgery in 13 cases. Only one patient received postoperative radiation therapy. After a mean follow-up period of 33 months, 35 (95%) patients are alive. Two patients died, one of poorly differentiated prostate cancer with subsequent metastasis and one of a myocardial infarction 33 months after surgery without showing any evidence of disease. Of 23 patients without postoperative adjuvant therapy, 6 (26.1%) progressed (PSA level, > 0.4 ng/ml). None of the patients who underwent adjuvant therapy progressed over a follow-up period of 6-75 months (mean, 38 months).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Soloway
M S
MS
Department of Urology, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33101.
Hachiya
T
T
Ruiz
H E
HE
Gomez
C C
CC
Civantos
F
F
D000368:Aged; D000728:Androgens / Q000502:physiology*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005485:Flutamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D015996:Survival Rate
D000728:Androgens; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D005485:Flutamide; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen