title: Prolonged mechanical ventilation in children.
abstract: Improvements in neonatal and pediatric intensive care have produced a growing population of children dependent on mechanical ventilation for survival. Long-term mechanical ventilation has become a realistic alternative to death from progressive respiratory failure for many children with chronic respiratory illness. This article reviews the pathophysiology, etiology, and management of chronic respiratory failure in childhood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Pilmer
mesh_terms: D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002658:Developmental Disabilities; D004933:Esophageal Atresia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D006548:Hernia, Diaphragmatic / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007389:Internal-External Control; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014138:Tracheoesophageal Fistula / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D015919:Ventilators, Negative-Pressure