title: The role of nitric oxide in the neuropathology in soman intoxication.
abstract: Intoxication with organophosphorus (0P) anticholinesterase agents such as soman triggers irreversible lesions in some cerebral areas. Administration of soman at the LD 50 leads to an increased activity of NADPH-diaphorase (= NO-synthase) in the cerebral endothelial cells from the 6th hour after poisoning. This activity culminates after 24 h, whereas variations in this enzymatic activity are not easily detectable in NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons. Since soman triggers astrocytic oedema leading to a possible decrease in the local cerebral blood flow, it is likely that the induction of endothelial NO-synthase exerts an antagonistic effect, since NO is a vasodilator.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurosciences, URA 1488 CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouchaud
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chollat-Namy
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duserre
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Delamanche
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000032:analysis; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D009249:NADP / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D009252:NADPH Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012999:Soman / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009249:NADP; D012999:Soman; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; D009252:NADPH Dehydrogenase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase