Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1), and tumor necrosis factor receptor (55 kDa TNF-R) in patients with acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Adhesion of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes to vascular endothelium is in part mediated by ICAM-1 and ELAM-1 (E-selectin), which can be induced via the 55-kDa TNF-receptor (TNF-R55kDa). We have studied serum levels of soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1), ELAM-1 (sELAM-1), and soluble TNF-R55kDa (sTNF-R55kDa) in 37 patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum infection and in 17 control subjects in Bangkok, Thailand. The serum levels of sICAM-1 were markedly elevated in patients prior to treatment (601 +/- 239 ng/ml versus 160 +/- 47 ng/ml in healthy controls). In addition, elevated levels of sELAM-1 (53.6 +/- 23.1 ng/ml versus 21.5 +/- 10.1 ng/ml) and sTNF-R55kDa (4.7 +/- 3.2 ng/ml versus 1.0 +/- 0.4 ng/ml) were observed (P < 0.05 for all). Soluble ELAM-1 reached normal levels on Day 3, and sTNF-R55kDa on Day 14, while sICAM-1 was still significantly elevated 28 days after treatment was started (P < 0.05 for all). A correlation between sTNF-R55kDa (P < 0.05) and sELAM-1 (P < 0.05), respectively, with parasitemia prior to antimalarial treatment was found. These results suggest that a TNF-mediated expression of adhesion molecules induced by the asexual stage of malaria parasites serves as an immune-evasion mechanism.
Wenisch
C
C
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Vienna, Austria.
Varijanonta
S
S
Looareesuwan
S
S
Graninger
W
W
Pichler
R
R
Wernsdorfer
W
W
D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood*; D019040:E-Selectin; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000032:analysis*; D012995:Solubility
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019040:E-Selectin; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1