title: Aftereffects of high-intensity DC stimulation on the electromechanical performance of ventricular muscle.
abstract: To clarify the mechanisms underlying cardiac dysfunction after electrical defibrillation, we investigated the effects of direct current field stimulation (10 ms, 1-80 V/cm) on isolated guinea pig papillary muscles. Shocks (S2) > 15 V/cm lowered the plateau height of the S2-induced action potential and inhibited its terminal repolarization. Subsequent responses to basic stimuli (S1, 1.0 Hz) for 1-3 min were characterized by a decrease in the maximum diastolic potential, a shortening of action potential duration, and an increase of the developed tension. With S2 > 30 V/cm, a marked delay in repolarization of the S2-induced action potential was followed by oscillation of membrane potential, resulting in repetitive spontaneous activity and often refractoriness to S1 stimulation. The aftereffects were independent of the phase of S2 application. Most of the aftereffects were preserved in the presence of nifedipine (1 microM) or ryanodine (1 microM). Only sodium channel blockade by tetrodotoxin (10 microM) modified the aftereffects by depressing the generation of spontaneous activity. These findings suggest that strong shocks (> 15 V/cm) will produce abnormal arrhythmogenic responses probably through a transient rupture of sarcolemmal membrane (electroporation) leading to a disturbance of the ionic equilibrium of the myocyte.
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation, Nagoya University, Japan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitsui
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hosoda
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Toyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010210:Papillary Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000494:pharmacology; D012508:Sarcolemma / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D016276:Ventricular Function / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D007473:Ion Channels; D012433:Ryanodine; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D009543:Nifedipine