title: Regulation of immunostimulatory function and costimulatory molecule (B7-1 and B7-2) expression on murine dendritic cells.
abstract: Dendritic cells (DC) play a critical role in the initiation of T cell-mediated immune responses, and express costimulatory molecules that are required for optimal activation of unprimed T cells. Studies on the regulation of the costimulatory molecules on DC have produced evidence from several systems that GM-CSF can up-regulate expression of CTLA4 counter receptor (CTLA4-CR) (but not intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and heat stable Ag (HsAg)) on DC. This is demonstrated on splenic DC, Langerhans cells, kidney DC in culture, and in a skin-explant culture system, in which the increased expression of CTLA4-CR on Langerhans cells (LC) occurs concomitantly with their migration out of skin. Interestingly, despite the ability of both GM-CSF and IFN-gamma to increase CTLA4-CR and maintain similar levels of ICAM-1, HsAg, and MHC molecule expression, the functional consequences of these cytokines on splenic DC are distinctly different. GM-CSF enhances the ability of DC to stimulate both T cell proliferation and cytokine release, whereas IFN-gamma causes no increase in immunostimulatory function. Further analysis of the CTLA4-CR on these cell populations by using the GL-1 and IG10 mAbs has shown that GM-CSF-cultured DC express high levels of both B7-1 and B7-2, whereas IFN-gamma-cultured DC express increased levels of only B7-2. These results suggest that optimal stimulation of unprimed T cells to proliferate and release cytokines may require participation of both of these CTLA4 counter receptors, and confirm the importance of GM-CSF for the maturation of DC into potent stimulators of T cell activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Ritchie
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hendrix
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Linsley
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Hathcock
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hodes
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Lowry
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Pearson
mesh_terms: D000069594:Abatacept; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D001483:Base Sequence; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D002460:Cell Line; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D007801:Langerhans Cells / Q000502:physiology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C497965:Cd86 protein, mouse; C556707:Ctla4 protein, mouse; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000069594:Abatacept; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor