title: Comparative in vitro study of contraceptive agents with anti-HIV activity: gramicidin, nonoxynol-9, and gossypol.
abstract: Gramicidin, a polypeptide antibiotic derived from Bacillus brevis, was compared in vitro with the established contraceptive virucidal agents nonoxynol-9 and gossypol for activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The effective antiviral 10 ng/ml concentration of gramicidin required for complete HIV inactivation was a thousand-fold lower than the dose observed for nonoxynol-9 or gossypol. Gramicidin, routinely used as a contraceptive agent in the former Soviet Union, should be considered for in vivo trials as a spermicide with potent antiviral activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, New York University Medical Center, NY 10016.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bourinbaiar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee-Huang
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D003270:Contraceptive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006072:Gossypol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006096:Gramicidin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D017137:Nonoxynol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013089:Spermatocidal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D003270:Contraceptive Agents; D013089:Spermatocidal Agents; D006096:Gramicidin; D017137:Nonoxynol; D006072:Gossypol