title: Astrocyte-derived lipoxygenase product evokes endothelium-dependent relaxation of the basilar artery.
abstract: The goal of this study was to examine the possible production of vasoactive factors by astrocytes. We consistently observe that rat astroglial cells in suspension produce marked relaxation when added to precontracted rings of intact (but not endothelium-denuded) rabbit basilar artery. The ultimate mediator of this relaxation was endothelium-derived nitric oxide whose synthesis is activated by an as yet unidentified factor(s) produced tonically by astrocytes. The factor is relatively stable, and is not arachidonate, or a product of cyclooxygenase or P450 metabolism. Based upon studies with selective inhibitors, the factor appears to result from 12- or 15-lipoxygenase metabolism, the products of which are known to be vasoactive. In a separate series of experiments, astrocyte-conditioned medium stimulated the production of citrulline from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase in bovine aortic endothelial cells. The possible significance for central nervous system (CNS) pathophysiology of an astrocyte-derived vasodilator is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rich
authors.forename: K I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Orgren
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Faraci
mesh_terms: D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000201:enzymology*; D001488:Basilar Artery / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002956:Citrulline; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000201:enzymology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000502:physiology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D002956:Citrulline; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008084:Lipoxygenase; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases