title: Assembly and regulation of NADPH oxidase and nitric oxide synthase.
abstract: Research over the past year has revealed several interesting advances in the biosynthesis of the superoxide anion and nitric oxide. Highlights include the demonstration that the G protein Rac 2 is required for NADPH oxidase activation, the finding that nitric oxide is a feedback inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase isoforms, and the discovery that the continuous catalytic activity of the immune/inflammatory nitric oxide synthase is due to strong calmodulin binding, which is independent of elevated calcium levels. Interferon-gamma primes neutrophils and macrophages for both O2- and nitric oxide synthesis. However, NADPH oxidase and immune/inflammatory nitric oxide synthase are differentially regulated such that their activities are not simultaneously induced.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City 84132.
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Bastian
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hibbs
mesh_terms: D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; D019255:NADPH Oxidases