title: IL-10 is induced during HIV-1 infection and is capable of decreasing viral replication in human macrophages.
abstract: IL-10 has been shown to be capable of down-regulating several aspects of macrophage function. This study was undertaken to define the association between IL-10 and HIV-1 infection in human macrophages. Infection of macrophages with a monocytotropic strain of the human immunodeficiency virus, HIV-BaL, resulted in expression of IL-10 mRNA within 3 to 12 h after infection, as determined by the reverse transcriptase PCR. Biologically active IL-10 was detected in supernatants from HIV-1-infected macrophages as early as 12 h post-infection. The addition of human rIL-10 to HIV-1-infected macrophage cultures resulted in a significant decrease in the viral replication. In addition, exogenous IL-10 blocked the ability of TNF-alpha to elevate viral replication. To determine whether IL-10 was associated with in vivo infection, lymph nodes from AIDS patients were examined for the presence of IL-10 mRNA by using PCR. IL-10 mRNA was evident in all lymph node tissue examined, but was absent in normal lymph node biopsies. These in vitro and in vivo findings demonstrate a strong and heterogeneous association between HIV-1 infection and IL-10.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98104.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Akridge
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Oyafuso
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Reed
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology; D000328:Adult; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000821:virology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase