title: Exhaust emissions from light- and heavy-duty vehicles: chemical composition, impact of exhaust after treatment, and fuel parameters.
abstract: This paper presents results from the characterization of vehicle exhaust that were obtained primarily within the Swedish Urban Air Project, "Tätortsprojektet." Exhaust emissions from both gasoline- and diesel-fueled vehicles have been investigated with respect to regulated pollutants (carbon monoxide [CO], hydrocarbon [HC], nitrogen oxides [NOx], and particulate), unregulated pollutants, and in bioassay tests (Ames test, TCDD receptor affinity tests). Unregulated pollutants present in both the particle- and the semi-volatile phases were characterized. Special interest was focused on the impact of fuel composition on heavy-duty diesel vehicle emissions. It was confirmed that there exists a quantifiable relationship between diesel-fuel variables of the fuel blends, the chemical composition of the emissions, and their biological effects. According to the results from the multivariate analysis, the most important fuel parameters are: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) content, 90% distillation point, final boiling point, specific heat, aromatic content, density, and sulfur content.
authors.affiliation: University of Stockholm, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Sweden.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Westerholm
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Egebäck
mesh_terms: D005742:Gasoline; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; D014186:Transportation / Q000295:instrumentation; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis* / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D005742:Gasoline; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; D001335:Vehicle Emissions