Antihistaminergic pretreatment prevents tissue extravasation of albumin from intra-abdominal trauma in rats.
Intra-abdominal surgery causes a loss of plasma into tissues within and around the abdomen, endangering tissue viability. Mast cells, containing histamine, are abundant in the abdominal cavity. In a model of mechanical intra-abdominal trauma, we investigated whether pretreatment with histaminergic H1 and H2 receptor blockers counteracts this extravasation. In Wistar rats under chloralose anaesthesia, tissue clearances of labelled albumin were determined by a double isotope technique. Four groups were studied: Traumatized rats, pretreated (n = 10) and non-pretreated (n = 9): non-traumatized rats; pretreated (n = 10) and non-pretreated (n = 9). In the traumatized rats, given pyrilamine 10 mg kg-1 (H1) plus cimetidine 25 mg kg-1 (H2) just before the trauma, the blockers prevented the haemoconcentration from loss of plasma and the drop in arterial pressure during the very trauma procedure, observed among non-pretreated rats. Furthermore, they significantly decreased the clearance of albumin in the abdominal wall and the pancreas. In the non-traumatized animals, the blockers lowered arterial pressure and heart rate. In conclusion, the anti-histaminergic pretreatment decreased the trauma induced leakage of albumin, by mechanisms which may involve readjustments of pressures and flows in capillaries as well as a prevention of histamine effects on capillary permeability.
Akerström
G
G
Department of Anaesthesiology, Sahlgren's Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden.
Lisander
B
B
D000007:Abdominal Injuries / Q000097:blood*; D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000818:Animals; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002698:Chloralose; D002927:Cimetidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006400:Hematocrit; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D007813:Laparotomy; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010949:Plasma / Q000378:metabolism; D010953:Plasma Volume; D011738:Pyrilamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D012709:Serum Albumin; D002698:Chloralose; D002927:Cimetidine; D011738:Pyrilamine