title: Fetal valproate syndrome: clinical and neuro-developmental features in two sibling pairs.
abstract: The clinical and neurodevelopmental features are presented of four children--two sibling pairs--who were exposed in utero to valproic acid. One of each pair of children presented for diagnosis and assessment of developmental delay; the other sibling was examined at a later date. Three of the children were globally developmentally delayed with marked speech disability, and had dysmorphic features consistent with fetal valproate syndrome. One also had features of infantile autism. The fourth child had some of the dysmorphic features connected with fetal valproate syndrome, but had normal intellect, with his verbal ability being significantly below his non-verbal ability. He currently attends a school for learning-disabled children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Christianson
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chesler
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kromberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002998:Clonazepam / Q000009:adverse effects; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000002:abnormalities*; D006801:Humans; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D013577:Syndrome; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D002998:Clonazepam; D014635:Valproic Acid