title: Stage II nonseminomatous germ-cell testicular tumors--the Indiana experience and risk-benefit analysis.
abstract: Controversy exists in the appropriate management of patients with nonseminomatous testicular cancer presenting as clinical stage B disease. Traditional treatment in the United States has included retroperitoneal lymph-node dissection (RPLND). Conversely, in Europe and other places some of these patients have been managed with primary chemotherapy. The experience with RPLND in clinical stage B disease at Indiana University from 1965 to 1989 was reviewed. A total of 174 patients were considered to be in clinical stage B prior to RPLND. After RPLND, 23% of these patients (n = 41) were found to have pathological stage A disease. In all, 77% (n = 133) were determined to be in pathological stage B. Of those pathological stage B patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy, 65% were cured by RPLND alone. The pathological stage B patients who went on the receive postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy displayed an overall 14% chance of relapse. (Patients treated early in the series did not receive cisplatin-based chemotherapy.) The overall survival over the entire period was 96%. In the more modern era, during which cisplatin-based chemotherapy was available, the overall survival was 98%. RPLND is an effective procedure for the management of clinical stage B nonseminomatous testicular cancer. It provides excellent survival in patients found to have pathological stage B disease; additionally, it avoids the unnecessary toxicity of chemotherapy in the 23% of patients who in fact are in pathological stage A.
authors.affiliation: Indiana University Medical Center, Department of Urology, Indianapolis 46202-5250.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bihrle
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Little
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Donohue
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018237:Germinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007196:Indiana; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011182:Postoperative Care; D012186:Retroperitoneal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D001761:Bleomycin; D003609:Dactinomycin; D014747:Vinblastine; D002945:Cisplatin