title: Comparative thrombogenicity of pacemaker leads.
abstract: To evaluate the thrombogenicity of transvenous silicone and polyurethane pacemaker leads, 9 of 12 anesthetized Yorkshire pigs (27-32 kg) were implanted with silicone (n = 5) or polyurethane (n = 4) pacemaker leads via a femoral vein. The remaining three pigs served as controls. All 12 pigs were injected with autologous indium-111 labeled platelets (300-420 muCi) 24 hours before anesthesia induction. The pigs were monitored for 3 hours under a gamma camera. Radioactivity in blood and lead segments was measured with a gamma counter. Platelet deposits were denser on silicone leads (441.58 +/- 915.0 to 2.19 +/- 2.07) than on polyurethane leads (1.21 +/- 1.33 to 0.27 +/- 0.14) (P > 0.05). Denser platelet deposits were detected at the tip of all leads. Density of platelet deposits declined from tip to distal segments in silicone leads. The percentage of injected platelet radioactivity in the lungs of pigs with either silastic leads (12.9 +/- 2.3%) of polyurethane leads (10.1 +/- 2.2%) was higher than in the controls (4.6 +/- 0.5%) (P < 0.05). This difference indicates thrombus formation and embolization in the lungs early after lead implantation. Thrombogenicity of polyurethane leads may be lower than that of silicone leads.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Palatianos
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Dewanjee
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Panoutsopoulos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kapadvanjwala
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Novak
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Sfakianakis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D008422:Materials Testing; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D010974:Platelet Aggregation; D010976:Platelet Count; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D012826:Silicone Elastomers / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013552:Swine; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D014334:Tropolone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D011140:Polyurethanes; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; C043895:indium tris(tropolonate); D014334:Tropolone