title: Additives containing bacteria and enzymes for alfalfa silage.
abstract: First-cutting alfalfa was wilted, harvested from alternate rows, left untreated or treated with additives containing lactic acid bacteria and enzymes (cellulase, amylase, and pectinase), and ensiled in bag silos. Inoculation increased lactic acid bacteria from 5 x 10(4) to 1 x 10(6) cfu/g of forage. Because treatments were bagged consecutively, the DM of treated silages was higher than that of untreated silage. However, after 4 d of ensiling, the pH of treated silage, about 4.3, was lower than that of untreated silage, 4.7, and remained lower throughout the ensiling period. After 177 d of ensiling, total lactate was about 25% higher, and ammonia N was about 40% lower, in treated silage. In addition, NDF and ADF contents were lower in treated than in untreated silage. Between 51 and 177 d of storage, glucose content increased in treated silage, but not in untreated silage, suggesting that some plant cell-wall hydrolysis occurred during prolonged storage. In vitro digestion of NDF did not differ among treatments during early incubation, but the extent of digestion after 36 and 48 h was lower in treated than in untreated silage. The microbial and enzyme silage additives used in this study improved fermentation characteristics and reduced fiber content of silage but decreased the in vitro digestibility of fiber.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and Agricultural Biochemistry, College of Agricultural Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19717-1303, USA.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Sheperd
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maslanka
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kung
mesh_terms: D000681:Amylases / Q000378:metabolism; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism; D002480:Cellulase / Q000378:metabolism; D004063:Digestion; D004798:Enzymes; D005285:Fermentation; D005503:Food Additives; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000378:metabolism*; D000455:Medicago sativa; D010376:Pediococcus / Q000378:metabolism*; D011096:Polygalacturonase / Q000378:metabolism; D012820:Silage / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D005503:Food Additives; D000681:Amylases; D011096:Polygalacturonase; D002480:Cellulase