title: Augmented antinociception following 7-nitro indazole and flurbiprofen in the conscious mouse.
abstract: Co-administration of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, 7-nitro indazole (1 mg/kg i.p.), with the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, flurbiprofen (5-75 mg/kg i.p.), resulted in significantly enhanced antinociceptive activity in mice (formalin-induced hindpaw licking assay) without affecting hindpaw inflammation. No antinociception was observed in animals pretreated with 7-nitro indazole (1 mg/kg i.p.) and flurbiprofen (100 micrograms subplantar). Flurbiprofen (50 mg/kg i.p.) pretreatment did not influence the inhibition of cerebellar or spinal cord nitric oxide synthase activity observed after 7-nitro indazole (1 or 25 mg/kg i.p.) administration and did not alter blood pressure in anaesthetised animals. Thus, flurbiprofen acts by a mechanism unrelated to a local anti-inflammatory effect in the hindpaw. Since nitric oxide synthase inhibitors are antinociceptive by an effect in the spinal cord (dorsal horn) this would appear to be a likely location for the nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase enzymes targetted by 7-nitro indazole and flurbiprofen respectively.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Science Division, King's College, University of London, UK.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gaffen
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Bland-Ward
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pitcher
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004487:Edema / Q000517:prevention & control; D005480:Flurbiprofen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007191:Indazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D007191:Indazoles; D005480:Flurbiprofen; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; C080122:7-nitroindazole