title: Development of a three-scale MMPI: the MMPI-TRI.
abstract: A 60-item short form of the MMPI with very high content validity and items that appear on both the MMPI and MMPI-2 was developed and named the MMPI-TRI. It contains three 20-item scales--the Subjective Distress, Acting-Out, and Psychosis scales. These three scales have excellent internal consistency and sufficient independence from each other. An anxiety and depression group of patients, prison inmate group, and a schizophrenic and other psychotic group had the highest mean scores on Subjective Distress, Acting-Out, and Psychosis, respectively. Correlations with the 13 regular scales of the MMPI and MMPI-2, their content and supplementary scales, and four other psychometric instruments provided very strong evidence for validity. Norms are provided.
authors.affiliation: California School of Professional Psychology-Fresno, USA.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Tmepler
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thomas-Dobson
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Cannon
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Streiner
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000184:Acting Out; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008950:MMPI / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology; D011594:Psychometrics; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology