title: Ca2+ permeable AMPA/kainate channels permit rapid injurious Ca2+ entry.
abstract: Small subsets of central neurons possessing Ca2+ permeable AMPA/kainate channels can be identified by a histochemical stain based on kainate-stimulated Co2+ uptake (Co2+(+)neurons) and are unusually vulnerable to AMPA/kainate receptor-mediated injury. Using brief kainate exposures (which selectively destroy Co2+(+) neurons) along with kainate triggered 45Ca2+ influx measurements, we estimate kainate to cause an unusually high rate of Ca2+ influx into Co2+(+) neurons. Also, while fura-2 Ca2+ imaging revealed low (10 microM) kainate exposures to preferentially induce intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) elevations in Co2+(+) neurons, intense (100 microM) kainate exposures used in the 45Ca2+ influx studies triggered comparable [Ca2+]i rises in all neurons. These findings suggest that the exceptional vulnerability of Co2+(+) neurons to AMPA/kainate receptor-mediated injury reflects a high rate of agonist triggered Ca2+ influx, and that [Ca2+]i rises may only poorly reflect influx rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine 92717-4290, USA.
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: H Z
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002452:Cell Count; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003035:Cobalt / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000494:pharmacology; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018092:Kainic Acid Receptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium; D015220:Calcium Channels; D003035:Cobalt; D007608:Kainic Acid; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D018092:Kainic Acid Receptors; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid