title: Seminal vesicle biopsy in prostate cancer staging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prostate cancer patients were differentiated using seminal vesicle biopsies related to clinical staging, prostate specific antigen (PSA), Gleason scores and PSA density values.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 75 patients underwent seminal vesicle biopsies. Patients with no seminal vesicle invasion and negative lymphadenectomy results underwent radical prostatectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Efficacy of seminal vesicle biopsy was 90.9%. Infiltration rates were 69% for disease stage T2b or greater, 68% for PSA greater than 10 ng./ml., 78% for PSA greater than 20 ng./ml. and 73% for type 4 and/or 5 Gleason scores. For the prognosis of seminal vesicle invasion, 0.40 was the best PSA density cutoff point.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We recommend seminal vesicle biopsy in patients with stage T2b or greater disease, and with a lower clinical stage when the PSA level is 20 ng./ml. or greater and/or the Gleason score is 7 or greater.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Miguel Servet Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Allepuz Losa
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Sanz Velez
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gil Sanz
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Mas
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Rioja Sanz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005834:Genital Neoplasms, Male / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D012669:Seminal Vesicles / Q000473:pathology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen