title: Priming and treatment with molgramostim (rhGM-CSF) in adult high-risk acute myeloid leukemia during induction chemotherapy: a prospective, randomized pilot study.
abstract: In a randomized study of 18 adult patients with high-risk or advanced acute myeloid leukemia (AML) we investigated the effect of supplementing conventional induction chemotherapy with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF). For comparison, a historical control group of 90 patients treated for de novo AML with conventional chemotherapy during the previous period, 1984-1990, was also analyzed. Before induction chemotherapy, 10 patients were randomized to receiving rhGM-CSF, starting on day 1 to 3 before chemotherapy and continued for a maximum of 21 days after the start of induction treatment. Fatal complications and treatment outcome did not differ between the study groups and historical controls. Nor were there any differences between the groups in terms of hematological toxicity, e.g. time to three-lineage regeneration and need for supportive therapy. However, sequential weekly bone marrow examinations revealed a prolonged reduction of the relative number of myeloid (CD33-positive) marrow cells in the rhGM-CSF treated group. Although the small number of patients studied may not permit a definite conclusion, this randomized study did not demonstrate major beneficial effects of combining rhGM-CSF with standard induction chemotherapy in high-risk patients with AML.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology L, Herlev Hospital, Denmark.
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Johnsen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gaarsdal
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Simonsen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ralfkiaer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D018952:Antigens, CD34; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000032:analysis; D018826:CD13 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D063268:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018952:Antigens, CD34; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; C571163:CD33 protein, human; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D063268:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; C082430:molgramostim; D018826:CD13 Antigens