title: Resonance Raman studies of Escherichia coli cytochrome bd oxidase. Selective enhancement of the three heme chromophores of the "as-isolated" enzyme and characterization of the cyanide adduct.
abstract: Cytochrome bd oxidase is a terminal bacterial oxidase containing three cofactors: a low-spin heme (b558), a high-spin heme (b595), and a chlorin d. The center of dioxygen reduction has been proposed to be at a dinuclear b595/d site, whereas b558 is mainly involved in transferring electrons from ubiquinone. One of the unique functional features of this enzyme is its resistance to high concentrations of cyanide (Ki in the millimolar range). With the appropriate selection of laser lines, the ligation and spin states of the b558, b595, and d hemes can be probed selectively by resonance Raman (rR) spectroscopy. Wavelengths between 400 and 500 nm predominantly excite the rR spectra of the b558 and b595 chromophores. Spectra obtained within this interval show a mixed population of spin and ligation states arising from b558 and b595, with the former more strongly enhanced at higher energy. Red excitation wavelengths (590-650 nm) generate rR spectra characteristic of chlorins, indicating the selective enhancement of the d heme. These rR results reveal that cytochrome bd oxidase "as isolated" contains the b558 heme in a six-coordinate low-spin ferric state, the b595 heme in a five-coordinate high-spin (5cHS) ferric state, and the d heme in a mixture of oxygenated (FeIIO2 <--> FeIIIO2-; d650) and ferryl-oxo (FeIV = O; d680) states. However, the rR spectra of these two chlorin species indicate that they are both in the 5cHS state, suggesting that the d heme is lacking a strongly coordinated sixth ligand.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Oregon Graduate Institute of Science & Technology, Portland 97291-1000, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Osborne
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kahlow
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kaysser
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hil
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Gennis
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Loehr
mesh_terms: D003486:Cyanides / Q000737:chemistry*; D003573:Cytochrome b Group; D003580:Cytochromes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D045222:Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D006418:Heme / Q000737:chemistry*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
chemical_list: D003486:Cyanides; D003573:Cytochrome b Group; D003580:Cytochromes; D045222:Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006418:Heme; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C040077:cytochrome bd terminal oxidase complex, E coli