title: Prevention of autoimmune demyelination in non-human primates by a cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor.
abstract: Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that serves as a model for the human disease multiple sclerosis. We evaluated rolipram, a type IV phosphodiesterase inhibitor, for its efficacy in preventing EAE in the common marmoset Callithrix jacchus. In a blinded experimental design, clinical signs of EAE developed within 17 days of immunization with human white matter in two placebo-treated animals but in none of three monkeys that received rolipram (10 mg/kg s.c. every other day) beginning 1 week after immunization. In controls, signs of EAE were associated with development of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and cerebral MRI abnormalities. In the treatment group, there was sustained protection from clinical EAE, transient cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis in only one of three animals, no MRI abnormality, and marked reduction in histopathologic findings. Rolipram-treated and control animals equally developed circulating antibodies to myelin basic protein. Thus, inhibition of type IV phosphodiesterase, initiated after sensitization to central nervous system antigens, protected against autoimmune demyelinating disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0114, USA.
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Genain
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uccelli
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Faulds
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hedgpeth
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hauser
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002144:Callithrix; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000473:pathology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000276:immunology; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000187:drug effects; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020889:Rolipram; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004676:Myelin Basic Protein; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D020889:Rolipram