title: Malpractice litigation involving patients with carcinoma of the breast.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We sought to evaluate recent trends in the United States of America regarding malpractice awards for patients with carcinoma of the breast.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was performed of 118 cases of purported malpractice in the diagnosis and management of patients with carcinoma of the breast and related problems. The information was tabulated from Westlaw Transmission, a computerized database.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gynecologists were the specialists most often sued and accounted for 47 percent of the physicians involved in lawsuits. Radiologists were cited in only 13 percent of the cases. Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) were cited in 5 percent of the cases. The most common complaint was delay in diagnosis, made by a plaintiff who detected her own breast mass (52 percent). In 15 percent of the cases, the plaintiffs complained that a mammogram was not obtained, and 9 percent complained that other diagnostic tests, such as ultrasound or fine-needle aspiration biopsy, were not performed. The average delay in diagnosis was 14 months. The average award to plaintiffs with carcinoma of the breast was $691,449. The average plaintiff's age was 44 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most malpractice complaints related to carcinoma of the breast are instituted by women under the age of 50 years who identified the breast mass by themselves and were assumed by their physicians to have fibrocystic disease of the breast. Complaints can be expected to increase regarding failure to order further diagnostic tests, such as ultrasound or fine-needle aspiration biopsy, despite a negative mammogram. Complaints against HMOs are now also being made, citing failure to properly diagnose or treat patients with carcinoma of the breast.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Tisch Hospital, New York University Medical Center, NY, USA.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Mitnick
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Vazquez
authors.forename: S Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Kronovet
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Roses
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000191:economics*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000191:economics*; D016208:Databases, Factual / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006176:Gynecology / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D006801:Humans; D016365:Liability, Legal / Q000191:economics; D008318:Malpractice / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011871:Radiology / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States