title: Dementia among elderly apolipoprotein E type 4/4 homozygotes: a prospective study.
abstract: The E*4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene on chromosome 19 has been shown to be an age- and dose-related risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Of 870 elderly women participating in an osteoporosis study, 13 were previously found to be homozygous for the APOE*4 allele; 1 was deceased and the rest were assessed for dementia in a "piggyback" study of dementia. One had moderate [clinical dementia rating (CDR = 2], 2 had mild dementia (CDR = 1), and 2 had possible dementia (CDR = 0.5). All 3 women over 80 years were definitely demented (CDR > or = 1). Typically, genetic studies of Alzheimer's and other dementias require the identification and diagnosis of large numbers of demented subjects, at considerable expense, followed by genotyping or phenotyping with a relatively low yield of individuals with rare alleles. We demonstrate a more cost-effective approach in which the population is first phenotyped and then stratified by phenotype, so that diagnostic evaluation can be restricted to individuals with the phenotype of interest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ganguli
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cauley
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: DeKosky
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Kamboh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D010641:Phenotype; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E