title: Soluble P-selectin is released into the coronary circulation after coronary spasm.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The glycoprotein P-selectin is an adhesion molecule involved in the property change of leukocytes at the initiation of the inflammatory process. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether acute myocardial ischemia induced by coronary spasm causes an acute inflammatory response in the coronary circulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We examined plasma soluble P-selectin levels in the coronary sinus and the aortic root simultaneously in 16 patients with coronary spastic angina before and after left coronary artery spasm induced by intracoronary injection of acetylcholine and in 15 patients with stable exertional angina before and after acute myocardial ischemia induced by rapid atrial pacing. Ten control patients with chest pain but normal coronary arteries and no coronary spasm also received intracoronary acetylcholine. Plasma soluble P-selectin levels were increased significantly in the coronary sinus (32.8 +/- 3.6 to 52.8 +/- 5.9 ng/mL, P < .001) and in the aortic root (34.6 +/- 3.7 to 41.9 +/- 4.4 ng/mL, P < .05) after the attacks in the coronary spastic angina group but remained unchanged in the stable exertional angina group after the attacks and in the control group after the administration of acetylcholine. Furthermore, the coronary sinus-arterial difference of soluble P-selectin increased significantly after the attacks in the coronary spastic angina group (-1.8 +/- 2.2 to 10.9 +/- 2.7 ng/mL, P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate that soluble P-selectin is released into the coronary circulation after coronary artery spasm. We conclude that coronary artery spasm may induce the leukocyte adhesion in the coronary circulation and may lead to myocardial damage.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaikita
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasue
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suefuji
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sumida
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okumura
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000097:blood*; D000788:Angina Pectoris, Variant / Q000097:blood*; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003329:Coronary Vasospasm / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019007:P-Selectin; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D007773:Lactates; D019007:P-Selectin; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D019344:Lactic Acid; D000109:Acetylcholine