title: The multiple functions of hemoglobin.
abstract: The aim of this review is to focus and discuss several parallel biological functions of hemoglobin besides its basic function of oxygen transport. In light of the information present in the literature the following possible physiological roles of hemoglobin are discussed: (1) hemoglobin as molecular heat transducer through its oxygenation-deoxygenation cycle, (2) hemoglobin as modulator of erythrocyte metabolism, (3) hemoglobin oxidation as an onset of erythrocyte senescence, (4) hemoglobin and its implication in genetic resistance to malaria, (5) enzymatic activities of hemoglobin and interactions with drugs, and (6) hemoglobin as source of physiological active catabolites.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Chimica e Chimica Clinica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Giardina
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Messana
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scatena
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castagnola
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D004905:Erythrocyte Aging / Q000502:physiology; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008288:Malaria / Q000235:genetics; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000502:physiology; D008706:Methemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins; C100003:deoxyhemoglobin; D008706:Methemoglobin