title: [Exercise-induced urticaria and anaphylaxis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study was designed to characterise more exactly the complex syndrome of exercise-induced urticaria and anaphylaxis in order to obtain guidelines for their management.
  
  
  METHODS
  30 patients (18 women and 12 men with physical exercise-induced urticaria and anaphylaxis were investigated by questionnaire. The following items were of particular interest: age and sex; age at first manifestation; type, duration and intensity of the precipitating activity; type, duration and sequence of symptoms; prophylactic or therapeutic measures as cofactors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initial symptoms occurred at an average age of 22 (7-50) years. Atopy was present in 70%. Jogging (60%), ball games (40%) and walking (27%) were the most frequent precipitating activities. On each occasion symptoms began a few minutes to hours after the start of the exercise. During a typical episode an average of eight symptoms were observed, most frequently affecting the skin (pruritus, angiooedema, erythema and urticaria), dyspnoea and gastrointestinal manifestations. Syncope occurred in nine patients: before they lost consciousness they noted at least two prodromal symptoms. The most common co-factors were humid-warm weather, severe sweating and eating certain foods shortly before the exercise. Prophylactic measures were quite different between individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Providing detailed information on how to avoid possible cofactors and manage prodromal symptoms should be at the forefront of looking after such patients, most of whom lead a rather active life.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Immunologie und Allergologie, Inselspital, Bern.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: von Vigier
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Sheffer
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Pichler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013997:Time Factors; D014581:Urticaria / Q000209:etiology*