title: Internal mammary artery embolization for hepatic tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively identify patients with collateral internal mammary artery (IMA) supply to hepatic tumors, and to embolize the IMA as part of palliative hepatic artery embolization (HAE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Over a 4-year period, 222 patients were enrolled in an HAE protocol for inoperable liver tumors. All underwent abdominal computed tomography (CT) prior to preembolization diagnostic hepatic arteriography. When anterior subcapsular hepatic tumor was seen on the CT scan, patients underwent IMA arteriography as well. All arteries supplying tumor were embolized.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six patients had anterior subcapsular lesions identified on CT. IMA catheterization revealed that these lesions drew blood supply directly or indirectly from one or both IMAs in all six patients. All IMAs were embolized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When an hepatic tumor is identified in an anterior subcapsular location prior to HAE, the IMA should be examined and, if significant tumor supply is demonstrated, these branches should be embolized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle 98195, USA.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Macaulay
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Coldwell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000792:Angiography; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral; D002445:Celiac Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006499:Hepatic Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017538:Mesenteric Artery, Superior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D010166:Palliative Care; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol