title: Inhibitory effect of chlorophyllin on PhIP-induced mammary carcinogenesis in female F344 rats.
abstract: Chlorophyll and chlorophyllin, a water-soluble salt of chlorophyll, have been reported to inhibit carcinogen-DNA binding and exert antimutagenic activity for some carcinogenic heterocyclic amines and aflatoxins. In the present experiment, the possible inhibitory effects of chlorophyllin on 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP) carcinogenicity were investigated. Female F344 rats were administered both PhIP, 0.02% in the diet, and chlorophyllin, 1%, in the diet (group 1), or either PhIP (group 2) or chlorophyllin (group 3) alone for 54 weeks. The incidence of mammary adenocarcinomas induced by PhIP was reduced by chlorophyllin co-administration from 40% (8/20 rats) to 15% (3/20). While the difference was not statistically significant, the multiplicity of adenocarcinomas was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by chlorophyllin co-administration from 0.50 per animal to 0.15. On the other hand, incidence of colon adenomas was slightly, but not significantly, increased from 10% to 20%. Neither mammary nor colon adenocarcinomas were observed in group 3. Thus, chlorophyllin reduced PhIP mammary carcinogenesis, suggesting that chlorophyllin is an effective chemopreventor when ingested simultaneously with the carcinogen.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Pathology, Nagoya City University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boonyaphiphat
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagao
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity; D002735:Chlorophyllides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D002273:Carcinogens; D002735:Chlorophyllides; D007093:Imidazoles; C049584:2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine; C007020:chlorophyllin