title: Characterization and autoradiographic localization of [3H] alpha, beta-methylene adenosine 5'-triphosphate binding sites in human urinary bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize [3H] alpha, beta-methylene adenosine 5'-triphosphate ([3H] alpha, beta-MeATP, a radioligand for P2x-purinoceptors) binding sites in the washed homogenates and membrane preparations of human urinary bladder and, using autoradiography, to localize [3H] alpha, beta-MeATP binding sites in human bladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimens were obtained from the fundus of the urinary bladder of male patients aged 56-79 years. The washed homogenates or membrane preparations of the bladder specimens were incubated with [3H] alpha, beta-MeATP and the bound and free radioligand separated by filtration. For autoradiography, cryostat sections were incubated with 10 nM [3H] alpha, beta-MeATP, washed, dried and exposed for 2 weeks to emulsion-coated coverslips. In both experiments, 100 microM beta, gamma-methylene ATP was used to determine non-specific binding.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six of 16 specimens in the binding assay and three of seven specimens in the localization study showed specific [3H] alpha, beta-MeATP binding. The binding process was saturable and the specific binding sites were composed of a high- and low-affinity component. The specific binding to membrane preparations was reduced in the presence of Mg2+ in the incubation medium. Competitive displacement experiments showed that the order of potency of the unlabelled ligands to displace the [3H] alpha, beta-MeATP binding was alpha, beta-methylene ATP > beta, gamma-methylene ATP > suramin > 2-methylthio ATP > ATP > ADP >> adenosine, which indicates that the binding sites are, or are linked to, P2x-purinoceptors. Autoradiography showed that the specific [3H] alpha, beta-MeATP binding sites were located only over the smooth muscle of the bladder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that P2x-purinoceptors exist in human urinary bladder, although at a lower density than reported for rodent urinary bladder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London, UK.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Burnstock
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D000368:Aged; D001345:Autoradiography; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000378:metabolism*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; C002630:alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate