title: Ifosfamide, epirubicin and etoposide (IEV) therapy in relapsed and refractory high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A fundamental principle in the therapeutic strategy for recurrent lymphomas is the employment of agents that are not part of the usual front line combination regimens. Ideally, the cytotoxic agents should lack complete cross resistance with those utilized up front.
  
  
  METHODS
  A three-drug combination of ifosfamide, epirubicin and etoposide (IEV) was used to treat 20 patients with relapsing or refractory high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (HG-NHL) or Hodgkin's disease (HD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 14 patients with HG-NHL, 5 (36%) achieved a complete response (CR) and 4 partial remission (PR), giving an overall response rate of 64%. To date, all the complete responders are still in CR at +5, +5, +6, +7, and +9 months, respectively. Of 6 patients with HD, 4 (66%) obtained CR and 2 PR, giving an overall response rate of 100%. The 4 CRs are still in remission after +4, +5, +9, and +13 months, respectively. Clinical and hematologic toxic effects were moderate: neutropenia was responsible for delaying treatment for a week in 6 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results confirm the efficacy of the IEV regimen in inducing a good remission rate with moderate side effects in relapsing/refractory HG-NHL and HD patients and they show that further investigations with this combination are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology, L. e A. Seràgnoli, University of Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Zinzani
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barbieri
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Visani
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gherlinzoni
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Perini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Neri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bendandi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ammendolia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salvucci
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Babini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003606:Dacarbazine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004351:Drug Resistance; D015251:Epirubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002955:Leucovorin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008130:Lomustine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D008297:Male; D008466:Mechlorethamine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D011238:Prednimustine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011344:Procarbazine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012074:Remission Induction; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014747:Vinblastine; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D003561:Cytarabine; D001761:Bleomycin; D011344:Procarbazine; D015251:Epirubicin; D008466:Mechlorethamine; D014750:Vincristine; D014747:Vinblastine; D005047:Etoposide; D008130:Lomustine; D003606:Dacarbazine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011238:Prednimustine; D002955:Leucovorin; D005472:Fluorouracil; D007069:Ifosfamide; D011241:Prednisone; D008727:Methotrexate