title: Efficacy of 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine treatment against chronic simian immunodeficiency virus infection in macaques.
abstract: Long-tailed macaques chronically infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) were treated for 4 or 8 weeks with daily subcutaneous doses of the antiretroviral compound 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA). The efficacy of PMEA was evaluated by monitoring cell-free virus in plasma, virus titer and viral DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and absolute numbers of lymphocyte subsets. In mock-treated control macaques, virus titers changed minimally. However, in treated macaques, PMEA exhibited impressive effects, leading to the disappearance of virus in the blood within the first week of treatment and lasting through the fourth week of treatment. The results indicate that PMEA can effectively reduce SIV in chronically infected macaques and offer an optimistic perspective for therapeutic intervention against human immunodeficiency virus infection.
authors.affiliation: Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle 99022, USA.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Follis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sabo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bischofberger
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D063065:Organophosphonates; D011533:Proviruses; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D063065:Organophosphonates; C053001:adefovir; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; D000225:Adenine