title: The antineoplastic bryostatins affect human basophils and mast cells differently.
abstract: Bryostatins, macrocyclic lactones from the marine bryozoan Bugula neritina, are potent antineoplastic agents and multi-potential stimulators of immune cells. We have examined the effects of bryostatins on mediator release from human basophilic leukocytes and human tissue mast cells. Bryostatins 1, 2, and 5 (10 to 3,000 nmol/L) induced histamine secretion from purified and unpurified peripheral blood basophils, whereas they caused no release of peptide-leukotriene C4 from these cells. The rate of histamine release caused by bryostatin 1 was slower than that caused by anti-IgE (t1/2 +/- SEM = 38.2 +/- 4.7 minutes v 8.9 +/- 0.2 minutes; P < .01), whereas the temperature dependence was similar (optimum release at 37 degrees C, approximately 30% less at 30 degrees C, and no release at 22 degrees C or 4 degrees C). The addition of increasing concentrations of extracellular Ca2+ to the medium caused histamine release in the presence of bryostatins. Subeffective concentrations of bryostatins and anti-IgE produced a synergistic effect on histamine release from basophils. Staurosporine, chelerythrine, and calphostin C (0.1 to 10 nmol/L), which are protein kinase C inhibitors, inhibited the histamine secretion activated by bryostatin 1 and tetradecanoylphorbol-acetate (TPA). Preincubation with granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; 1 and 5 nmol/L) and interleukin-3 (IL-3; 10 ng/mL) potentiated the activation of human basophils induced by bryostatin 1. Neither bryostatin 1 nor bryostatin 2 induced the release of histamine from mast cells isolated from human lung or skin tissues. However, brief (10 minutes) preincubation with bryostatin 1 (3 to 300 nmol/L) potently inhibited the histamine secretion induced by anti-IgE from skin or lung mast cells. Bryostatin 1 was a more potent (by approximately 30 times) inhibitor of IgE-mediated histamine release than was TPA. The heterogeneous effects exerted by bryostatins on human basophils and mast cells can be of interest for those designing therapeutic trials using these agents.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Patella
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Casolaro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciccarelli
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Pettit
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Columbo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marone
mesh_terms: D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000494:pharmacology; D001491:Basophils / Q000187:drug effects*; D054713:Bryostatins; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017997:Leukotriene C4 / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology; D018942:Macrolides; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; D054713:Bryostatins; D007377:Interleukin-3; D015848:Interleukin-5; D007783:Lactones; D018942:Macrolides; C026408:anti-IgE antibodies; D017997:Leukotriene C4; C046785:bryostatin 1; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; C054557:bryostatin 2; C078062:bryostatin 5; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate