title: Signaling via major histocompatibility complex class II molecules and antigen receptors enhances the B cell response to gp39/CD40 ligand.
abstract: Activated T cells induce proliferation and differentiation of resting B cells in vitro through their CD40 molecules and lymphokine receptors. However, despite constitutive B cell expression of CD40 and lymphokine receptors, widespread nonspecific polyclonal B cell activation by activated T cells is seldom observed in vivo. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that signals delivered via the B cell antigen (Ag) receptor (membrane immunoglobulin, mIg) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules enhance B cell responsiveness to CD40-mediated signals, providing specificity to the Ag-nonspecific, MHC-unrestricted CD40 signal. To test this hypothesis, both an Ag-specific mouse B cell clone CH12.LX, and freshly isolated resting splenic B cells were cultured with either soluble or membrane-bound forms of the T cell ligand for CD40 (CD40L), in the presence or absence of additional signals provided by Ag or anti-IgM, interleukin-4, and class II-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb). Differentiation of CH12.LX cells and proliferation of splenic B cells in response to both forms of CD40L was greatly enhanced by exposure to mIg-mediated signals, with greatest enhancement seen when cells were cultured with Ag prior to receiving other signals. Response to CD40L was further enhanced by concurrent culture with class II-specific, but not class I-specific mAb. Enhancement was greatest at limiting concentrations of CD40L. The ability of class II MHC-mediated signals to enhance Ag-specific B cell responsiveness to CD40-mediated signaling may selectively promote the activation of B cell clones capable of cognate interactions with helper T cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bishop
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Berton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000502:physiology; D000944:Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte / Q000502:physiology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D019013:CD40 Antigens; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D005260:Female; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008211:Lymphocyte Cooperation; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000276:immunology; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000944:Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte; D019013:CD40 Antigens; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; C024138:I-E-antigen; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4; D023201:CD40 Ligand