title: Activity of ampicillin/sulbactam, ticarcillin/clavulanate, clarithromycin, and eleven other antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteria isolated from infections in children.
abstract: The activity of 14 antimicrobial agents against 253 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria from pediatric infections was assessed by the agar dilution method. Fifty-eight percent of the isolates were from intraabdominal sites. The drugs tested were ampicillin/sulbactam, ticarcillin/clavulanate, ampicillin, sulbactam, piperacillin, cefoxitin, cefotaxime, cefoperazone/sulbactam, clarithromycin, azithromycin, erythromycin, clindamycin, metronidazole, and chloramphenicol. Ticarcillin/clavulanate was active against all isolates. Clarithromycin was the most active macrolide; combination of this agent with its 14-hydroxy metabolite did not result in synergy. Sixty-two percent of Bacteroides fragilis group isolates, 13% of B. fragilis isolates, and 22% of peptostreptococcal isolates were resistant to clindamycin at a concentration of 4 micrograms/mL. The distribution of these strains in clinical specimens and the patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility documented were different from the findings for isolates from adults in the Los Angeles area.
authors.affiliation: R. M. Alden Research Laboratory, Santa Monica Hospital Medical Center, California 90404, USA.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Citron
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kenner
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Burnham
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Inderlied
mesh_terms: D000667:Ampicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D001438:Bacteroidaceae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002648:Child; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D019818:Clavulanic Acid; D002969:Clavulanic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D003013:Clostridium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013407:Sulbactam / Q000494:pharmacology; D013982:Ticarcillin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002969:Clavulanic Acids; D019818:Clavulanic Acid; D000667:Ampicillin; D013982:Ticarcillin; D017291:Clarithromycin; D013407:Sulbactam