title: Effects of felbamate on the pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital.
abstract: The effects of felbamate on the pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital and one of its main metabolites, parahydroxyphenobarbital, were assessed in a parallel-group, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, in 24 healthy volunteers. Pharmacokinetic parameters of phenobarbital and parahydroxyphenobarbital were determined from plasma and urine samples obtained after 28 days of daily administration of 100 mg phenobarbital and after a further 9 days of phenobarbital plus 2400 mg/day felbamate or placebo. Felbamate increased phenobarbital values for area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 hours and maximum concentration by 22% and 24%, respectively, whereas placebo had no effect. This increase was caused by a reduction in parahydroxylation of phenobarbital and possibly through effects on other metabolic pathways. Because felbamate inhibits the S-mephenytoin hydroxylase (CYP2C19) isozyme in vitro, it appears that phenobarbital hydroxylation is mediated in part by this isozyme.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ 07033-0539, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reidenberg
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Glue
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Banfield
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Colucci
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Meehan
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Radwanski
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mojavarian
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nezamis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guillaume
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004347:Drug Interactions; D000078328:Felbamate; D005937:Glucaric Acid / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D048448:Phenylcarbamates; D010919:Placebos; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D048448:Phenylcarbamates; D010919:Placebos; D011409:Propylene Glycols; C017414:4-hydroxyphenobarbital; D005937:Glucaric Acid; D000078328:Felbamate; D010634:Phenobarbital