title: Periurethral injection of collagen in the treatment of urinary stress incontinence: ultrasonographic appearance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the ultrasonographic appearance of collagen injected periurethrally to treat urinary stress incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transvesical and transvaginal ultrasonography (US) was performed 26 times in 23 patients 3 to 36 months after periurethral injection of collagen to treat symptomatic urinary stress incontinence. The patients ranged in age from 23 to 86 (median 54) years. The appearance, location and volume of the collagen were recorded. Clinical data were also obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transvesical US demonstrated the collagen in 17 of the patients, whereas transvaginal US demonstrated the collagen in all of them. The collagen collections appeared as circumscribed masses at the bladder base and showed various levels of echogenicity with both techniques. However, in patients with more than one deposit of collagen, the collections had similar echogenicity, and echogenicity increased over time in the two patients who underwent serial imaging. In 21 of the patients, the collagen collections were located posterior or lateral to the urethra, and these patients recorded complete or moderate resolution of incontinence. In two of the patients the collections were exophytic, projecting into the bladder lumen; these patients experienced little improvement in their continence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  US provides a rapid, noninvasive method of assessing collagen after periurethral injection. Transvaginal US is the best method of visualizing such collections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, North York, Ont.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leonhardt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krysl
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Arenson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Herschorn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003094:Collagen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008875:Middle Aged; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods; D014521:Urethra; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D014621:Vagina / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen