title: Interleukin 4-inducible phosphorylation of HMG-I(Y) is inhibited by rapamycin.
abstract: The non-histone chromosomal protein HMG-I(Y) participates in repression of transcription directed by a promoter which confers interleukin 4 (IL-4)-inducible activation in transfected B cell lines. Metabolic labeling, phosphoamino acid analyses, and in vitro phosphorylation studies demonstrate that IL-4 induces serine phosphorylation of HMG-I(Y) in B lymphocytes. Phosphopeptide mapping shows that the predominant site of phosphorylation contains a casein kinase II consensus motif. The immunosuppressive agent rapamycin has been shown preferentially to inhibit IgE production by IL-4-treated human B cells. It is shown here that rapamycin inhibits both activation of the human germ line epsilon promoter by IL-4 and IL-4-inducible phosphorylation of HMG-I(Y). These findings demonstrate a rapamycin-sensitive pathway that transduces signals from the IL-4 receptor to nuclear factors that regulate inducible transcription. The affinity of normal nuclear HMG-I(Y) for DNA is increased by dephosphorylation in vitro, whereas in vitro kinase reactions using casein kinase II decrease recombinant HMG-I(Y) binding to DNA. These data further suggest a novel mechanism in which phosphorylation triggered by IL-4 or other cytokines could regulate the effects of HMG-I(Y) on gene transcription.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2363, USA.
authors.forename: D Z
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boothby
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes; D001483:Base Sequence; D047390:Casein Kinase II; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D025741:HMGA1a Protein; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010449:Peptide Mapping; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D010748:Phosphopeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011090:Polyenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D020123:Sirolimus; D014162:Transfection; D014357:Trypsin
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010710:Phosphates; D010748:Phosphopeptides; D011090:Polyenes; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D025741:HMGA1a Protein; D015847:Interleukin-4; D047390:Casein Kinase II; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D014357:Trypsin; D020123:Sirolimus