title: The additive miotic effects of dapiprazole and pilocarpine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since dapiprazole on alpha-adrenergic agent, produces miosis by paralyzing the dilator muscle, and pilocarpine, a parasympathetic drug, causes miosis by affecting the sphincter, we speculated that the two drugs might have additive effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The additive miotic actions of pilocarpine 2% and dapiprazole 0.5% were evaluated by comparing the effects of two drugs given together and alone on the reversal of mydriasis induced by tropicamide (0.5%) and phenylephrine (10%) in one eye each of 60 healthy volunteers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dapiprazole and pilocarpine together induced miosis significantly faster than each drug alone, showing additive effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Co-administration of dapiprazole and pilocarpine at the end of the eye examination will induce fast pupillary constriction, which might be useful in preventing the development of an acute attack of angle-closure glaucoma in patients with anatomically narrow angles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Geyer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loewenstein
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shalmon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neudorfer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lazar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015877:Miosis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D015878:Mydriasis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D010277:Parasympathomimetics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010862:Pilocarpine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010879:Piperazines; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014331:Tropicamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D010277:Parasympathomimetics; D010879:Piperazines; D014230:Triazoles; D010862:Pilocarpine; D010656:Phenylephrine; C035289:dapiprazole; D014331:Tropicamide