title: Enhanced revascularisation after angiogenic stimulation in a rabbit model of bilateral limb ischaemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We previously demonstrated stimulation of collateral vessel formation in a rabbit model of unilateral limb ischaemia after administration of endothelial cell growth factor (ECGF). To distinguish clearly the effects of ischaemia alone from those of ischaemia combined with angiogenic stimulation in the same animal, a model of bilateral hindlimb ischaemia was used to evaluate further the angiogenic effect of ECGF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ischaemia was produced in both hindlimbs of 11 rabbits by femoral artery excision. Beginning 10 days later, ECGF (8 mg in 3 ml of saline) was injected in one hindlimb while 3 ml of saline alone was injected in the other every other day for a total of five doses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Calf systolic blood pressure was measured in both limbs on postoperative days, 10, 30, and 50. On day 50, collateral formation was quantitated angiographically, and muscle samples were obtained for quantitation of capillary density and histologic studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean calf systolic blood pressure in the both hindlimbs was similar on day 10 (36.9 +/- 2.3 versus 38.1 +/- 2.9 mmHg) but was significantly higher in the ECGF-treated limb on day 30 (68.9 +/- 3.1 versus 45.0 +/- 2.9 mmHg) and day 50 (83.0 +/- 3.0 versus 57.0 +/- 1.7; p < 0.0001 for both comparisons). On day 50, collateral vessels were significantly more numerous in the ECGF-treated limb (17.2 +/- 1.6 versus 11.0 +/- 0.8; p < 0.0006), as were capillaries (225.9 +/- 11.4 versus 159.6 +/- 12.9 per mm2; p < 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local administration of ECGF enhanced collateral development leading to significantly improved perfusion in the treated as compared with the untreated limb in the same animal. Exogenous administration of an angiogenic mitogen can upregulate the normal collateral response to ischaemia and may be useful in treating severe limb ischaemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: L Q
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Gadowski
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ricci
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brassard
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Sniderman
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Symes
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D000818:Animals; D001284:Atrophy; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002196:Capillaries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D003097:Collateral Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000601:surgery; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007511:Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D011817:Rabbits; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors