title: Consistent expression of an epithelial cell adhesion molecule (C-CAM) during human prostate development and loss of expression in prostate cancer: implication as a tumor suppressor.
abstract: Cell adhesion molecules have been suggested to function as tumor suppressor molecules. We have been studying one of the epithelial cell adhesion molecules (C-CAM), which belongs to the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. Transfection of a C-CAM cDNA expression vector into a highly tumorigenic human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) suppresses tumor formation in nude mice. Alternatively, reducing C-CAM expression levels in the nontumorigenic rat prostate epithelial cell line NbE by the antisense expression vector markedly increases tumorigenicity of NbE cells in nude mice. These results suggest that C-CAM may be a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer. In this study, we examined the relationship between C-CAM expression during human prostate development and neoplastic progression by immunohistochemical staining of frozen sections. C-CAM predominantly localized on the plasma membrane of the basal cell layer in both the fetal and normal adult prostate gland. However, an overall decreased staining was seen in benign prostatic hyperplasia and high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Furthermore, C-CAM was not detected in prostate carcinomas. Thus, a decrease in C-CAM expression may be an early event in hyperplastic/neoplastic transformation. These observations support the suggestion that C-CAM is a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Kleinerman
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Troncoso
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Pisters
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Sherwood
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: von Eschenbach
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hsieh
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000032:analysis* / Q000502:physiology; D004848:Epithelium / Q000737:chemistry; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000196:embryology*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules