title: Hypertonic sodium acetate treatment of hemorrhagic shock in awake rats.
abstract: Hypertonic sodium acetate has recently been suggested for treatment of hemorrhagic shock. In the present study, the effectiveness of hypertonic sodium acetate (HA) was studied. In controlled hemorrhagic shock, arterial bleeding was followed by a fall in mean arterial pressure (MAP) to 60 +/- 8 mmHg (p < .001). A similar fall in MAP was observed in all animals. Infusion of hypertonic saline (HTS) led to an increase in MAP to 85 +/- 4 mmHg (p < .005) after 30 min, while infusion of hypertonic sodium acetate (HA) was followed by a rise in MAP to 72 +/- 4 mmHg (p < .05), which was significantly lower than in group HTS-treated animals (p < .05). In uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock, arterial bleeding was followed by a fall in MAP to 86 +/- 7 mmHg (p < .001). A similar response was observed in all animals. Infusion of HTS was followed by a further fall in MAP to 47 +/- 8 mmHg (p < .01) after 60 min. Infusion of HA was followed by a fall in MAP to 51 +/- 4 mmHg (p < .01). In the untreated group, MAP decreased to 63 +/- 5 mmHg, which was significantly higher than the HTS (p < .05)- and HA (p < .05)-treated groups. The mortality rate after 4 h was 50% in the HA-treated (p < .05) and 75% in the HTS-treated (p < .01) groups. It is concluded that, in awake rats in CHS, both HTS and HA led to a rise in MAP but the response to HTS is significantly higher. In UCHS both HTS and HA led to increased bleeding from injured blood vessels, a fall in MAP, and increased mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery B, Carmel Medical Center, Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Krausz
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Amstislavsky
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019342:Acetic Acid; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D006400:Hematocrit; D006982:Hypertonic Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D006982:Hypertonic Solutions; D019342:Acetic Acid