title: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor accelerates neutrophil engraftment following peripheral-blood stem-cell transplantation: a prospective, randomized trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is well-established that the infusion of hematopoietic growth factors (HGF) accelerates neutrophil recovery in patients undergoing high-dose therapy followed by autologous bone marrow infusion. In addition, there is evidence that the infusion of autologous peripheral-blood stem cells (PBSC) accelerates engraftment in comparison to patients who receive bone marrow alone. However, few data are available regarding the ability of HGF to accelerate engraftment further in patients who receive PBSC following high-dose therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one patients undergoing high-dose therapy followed by infusion of autologous PBSC with or without bone marrow were randomized to receive granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) 5 micrograms/kg/d beginning on day + 1 following transplant or standard posttransplant supportive care without HGF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median time to a neutrophil count > or = 500/microL was 10.5 days in the G-CSF group versus 16 days in the control group (P = .0001). G-CSF was associated with statistically significant reductions in the time to neutrophil engraftment among patients who received PBSC alone (11 v 17 days, P = .0003) and in patients who received PBSC in conjunction with bone marrow (10 v 14 days, P = .02). The median duration of posttransplant hospitalization (18 v 24 days, P = .002) and the median number of days on nonprophylactic antibiotics (11 v 15, P = .03) were also significantly reduced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of G-CSF in the posttransplant period accelerates the rate of neutrophil engraftment, shortens the duration of hospitalization, and reduces the number of days on nonprophylactic antibiotics in patients who receive autologous PBSC with or without autologous bone marrow following high-dose therapy.
authors.affiliation: Temple University Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Temple University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Klumpp
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Mangan
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Pearlman
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Macdonald
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000628:therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor