REM sleep deprivation induces galanin gene expression in the rat brain.
Rats were deprived of REM sleep for 24 h by keeping them on small platforms that were placed in a water bath (the platform method). Galanin coding mRNA was visualized using in situ hybridization, and cells expressing galanin mRNA were counted. In REM sleep-deprived animals the cell count was higher in the preoptic area and periventricular nucleus. Lesions of this area have been reported to induce wakefulness in cats and rats. Galanin administered into the lateral ventricle had no effect on sleep. We conclude that REM sleep deprivation can induce galanin gene expression in some brain areas, but galanin alone does not modify spontaneous sleep.
Toppila
J
J
Department of Physiology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Stenberg
D
D
Alanko
L
L
Asikainen
M
M
Urban
J H
JH
Turek
F W
FW
Porkka-Heiskanen
T
T
D000818:Animals; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D019004:Galanin; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology*; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D010286:Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010452:Peptide Biosynthesis; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D011301:Preoptic Area / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000502:physiology*; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000502:physiology*
D009479:Neuropeptides; D010455:Peptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019004:Galanin