title: Horse gammaglobulin-induced thrombocytopenia in anaphylaxis involving sequestration and activation of platelets.
abstract: Thrombocytopenia as well as hemoconcentration and leukopenia followed by leukocytosis were induced after HoGG challenge on HoGG-sensitized mice. Thrombocytopenia was induced within 2 min and sustained for 1 day. HoGG-induced thrombocytopenia was not observed until day 10 after sensitization; mice challenged with HoGG dose > or = 10 micrograms developed thrombocytopenia. Two types of thrombocytopenia were observed in appropriately sensitized mice. HoGG induced thrombocytopenia at 2 min and 60 min, whereas, alpha-macroglobulin induced thrombocytopenia at 2 min, the platelet count of which returned to normal within 60 min. Poly (Glu60Ala30Tyr10) did not induce thrombocytopenia at 2 min or 60 min. The tracing study by 3H-serotonin labelled platelets demonstrated the 2 min-sequestration of platelets in lungs or livers. The HoGG-induced sequestration of platelets at 2 min was blocked by high dose heparin or Cobra Venom factor. Platelet activation at 60 min was partially inhibited by dexamethasone, rhodostomin synthetic peptide 45-59, or platelet activation factor antagonist (WEB 2086). Furthermore, the thrombocytopenia could be transferred by heat (56 degrees C, 4h) treated immune sera. This suggests that HoGG-induced, non-IgE-mediated thrombocytopenia in anaphylaxis involves sequestration and activation of platelets. The sequestion in lungs occurs within 2 min and can be inhibited by high dose heparin or Cobra Venom factor. The activation of platelets involves platelet activation factor, and fibrinogen receptor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Leir
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lei
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004546:Elapid Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006736:Horses; D007964:Leukocytosis / Q000209:etiology; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000209:etiology; D008099:Liver / Q000502:physiology; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010976:Platelet Count; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005719:gamma-Globulins / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D004546:Elapid Venoms; D010455:Peptides; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; C016310:cobra venom factor; D005719:gamma-Globulins; C072026:rhodostomin; D006493:Heparin