title: Specificity and cross-reactivity of anti-galactocerebroside antibodies.
abstract: Anti-galactocerebroside (GalC) antibodies have been reported to inhibit myelin formation, cause demyelination, and block HIV-I infection of neural cells. We examined the binding of 3 monoclonal and polyclonal anti-GalC antibodies to a panel of purified glycolipids by ELISA and by an immunospot assay on nitrocellulose blots. All 3 antibodies bound strongly to GM1 ganglioside, monogalactosyl diglyceride, and asialo-GM1, and 2 of the antibodies bound to GD1b and psychosine. The anti-GalC antibodies also bound to 3 glycoprotein bands in human neuroblastoma cells on Western blot, and binding to the proteins was abolished by pre-treatment with pronase or with periodate which oxidizes the terminal carbohydrate residues. These results indicate that anti-GalC antibodies cross react with oligosaccharide determinants of other glycolipids and glycoproteins, and that these cross-reactivities may be responsible for some of the biological effects of the anti-GalC antibodies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, N.Y. 10032, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McAlarney
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Apostolski
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Latov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D005699:Galactosylceramides / Q000276:immunology*; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016472:Motor Neuron Disease / Q000276:immunology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D011817:Rabbits; D012678:Sensation Disorders / Q000276:immunology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D001323:Autoantibodies; D000939:Epitopes; D005699:Galactosylceramides; D006017:Glycolipids; D006023:Glycoproteins; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C002454:galactocerebroside