title: The kinetics of cadmium in Daphnia magna as affected by humic substances and water hardness.
abstract: In order to investigate mechanisms causing enhanced toxicity of cadmium in humic lake waters the kinetics of cadmium in Daphnia magna was studied. The uptake rate of cadmium was two times faster in humic lake water than in the humic-free reference water. On the other hand, the depuration rate was equal in humic and reference waters. Thus the acutely lethal concentration in animal is reached faster in humic than in humic-free water. However, altered kinetics of cadmium in humic lake water was also affected by lower water hardness compared to the reference.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Joensuu, Finland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Penttinen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kukkonen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oikari
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D001822:Body Burden; D002104:Cadmium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D006812:Humic Substances / Q000378:metabolism*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D012015:Reference Standards; D013696:Temperature; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D006812:Humic Substances; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium