title: Children's ratings of dental injection and treatment pain, and the influence of the time taken to administer the injection.
abstract: Three hundred and eight children aged 3-16 years (mean age 10.2), who were undergoing routine dental treatment, recorded on visual analogue scales their ratings of pain associated with injection and treatment. The injection pain scores were examined for their relationship to age, gender, time taken to administer the injection and injection type. The treatment pain scores were compared between groups who had teeth either extracted or restored, and between groups assessed by the operator as having total or partial anaesthesia. A significant inverse correlation was found between subjective injection pain and injection duration. The difference in treatment pain scores was significant between groups assessed by the operator as having total or partial anaesthesia. Inferior dental nerve blocks were rated significantly more painful than buccal infiltrations. Age, gender, and the operative procedure performed had no statistically significant relationship to the injection pain scores or treatment pain scores. The visual analogue pain scale was found to be unsuitable for use by children under 7 years of age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Public Health, West Pennine Health Authority, England.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heidmann
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Gerrish
mesh_terms: D000278:Administration, Buccal; D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019140:Dental Care for Children / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections / Q000379:methods; D008012:Lidocaine; D008297:Male; D008340:Mandibular Nerve; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine