title: A new and simple questionnaire to identify people at increased risk for undiagnosed diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a simple questionnaire to prospectively identify individuals at increased risk for undiagnosed diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  People with newly diagnosed diabetes (n = 164) identified in the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and those with neither newly diagnosed diabetes nor a history of physician-diagnosed diabetes (n = 3,220) were studied. Major historical risk factors for undiagnosed non-insulin-dependent diabetes were defined, and classification trees were developed to identify people at higher risk for previously undiagnosed diabetes. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of the classification trees were described and compared with those of an existing questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The selected classification tree incorporated age, sex, history of delivery of a macrosomic infant, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and family history of diabetes. In a representative sample of the U.S. population, the sensitivity of the tree was 79%, the specificity was 65%, and the predictive value positive was 10%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This classification tree performed significantly better than an existing questionnaire and should serve as a simple, noninvasive, and potentially cost-effective tool for diagnosing diabetes in the U.S.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Statistics Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341-3724, USA
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Engelgau
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Aubert
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001827:Body Height; D001835:Body Weight; D003663:Decision Trees; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D015444:Exercise; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology