title: Microwave fixation and localization of calcium in synaptic vesicles.
abstract: The distribution of Ca2+ ions is demonstrated in the synaptic terminals by means of a 2-step chemical precipitation of Ca2+ ions in nervous tissue. K-oxalate/K-antimonate chemical replacement with simultaneous computerized microwave irradiation is used. This precipitate in cell structures was investigated by computerized electron probe X-ray micro-analysis. The calculated values (from the theoretical, standards and sections), elemental binding ratios and elemental molecular weight ratios were compared. Each calculated value coincided with the theoretical value. This method can reliably detect Ca2+ ions at the micromolar level. Ca2+ ions were distributed in the synaptic vesicles and surrounding membranes. Further progress is expected in freeze-substitution and in the application and propagation of the EELS-Imaging system in calcium determinations.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mizuhira
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Notoya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000965:Antimony; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008872:Microwaves; D011689:Purkinje Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D016707:Tissue Fixation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: C009002:potassium antimonate; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D000965:Antimony; D002118:Calcium