title: Moxonidine and hydrochlorothiazide in combination: a synergistic antihypertensive effect.
abstract: This study was designed as a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, prospectively randomized study comparing, after a 4-week placebo run-in phase, moxonidine 0.4 mg once daily (o.d.), hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg o.d., and the combination of the two with placebo. A total of 160 patients were analyzed in an intent-to-treat analysis. Moxonidine 0.4 mg o.d. was effective in significantly lowering blood pressure in this group of mild-to-moderate hypertensive patients in comparison with placebo. The efficacy and the side-effect profile of moxonidine were comparable to those of the first-line antihypertensive agent hydrochlorothiazide. The combination of moxonidine and hydrochlorothiazide in the same dosage as a monotherapy improves efficacy significantly without additive effects on the safety profile. Response rate after monotherapies was calculated with 70.3 and 70.0%, respectively, after combination treatment in 87.8% of all patients in the treatment group. The trial gives support to a recommended dosage regimen of moxonidine 0.4 mg o.d. This profile of moxonidine is highly comparable to a standard first-line antihypertensive drug such as hydrochlorothiazide, without sacrificing tolerance and safety for increased efficacy, in combination with hydrochlorothiazide.
authors.affiliation: Department for Medical Research and Development, Solvay Pharma, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frei
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Küster
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Gardosch von Krosigk
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Küppers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D007093:Imidazoles; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide; C043482:moxonidine