Nutritional modulation of the somatotropin/insulin-like growth factor system: response to feed deprivation in lactating cows.
Mid-lactation Holstein cows (n = 4) were used to evaluate the effects of complete feed deprivation on circulating insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and their binding proteins (IGFBP). Comparisons were made between cows in fed and unfed conditions and included response to a single injection of bovine somatotropin (bST). Two days of feed deprivation decreased milk yield 66%. Concentrations of bST nearly doubled during feed deprivation, whereas glucose and insulin steadily decreased. Circulating concentrations of IGF-I decreased nearly 50%, IGF-II decreased 28% and IGFBP-2 increased 49% during the 2 d of feed deprivation. In contrast, IGFBP-3 was not affected. Eighteen to 24 h after the bST challenge, circulating concentrations of IGF-I rose 100% during the fed period, but there was no response during the unfed period. Blood concentrations of IGF-II decreased 17% after bST challenge in the fed period but were unchanged in the unfed period. More moderate undernutrition (80% of requirements) did not affect circulating IGFBP-2 but did alter the response of IGFBP-2 to bST. A conceptual model was developed that illustrates that nutritional regulation of the ST/IGF system represents a key component signaling the appropriate use of nutrients. Overall, results demonstrate that nutritional modulation of the ST/IGF system plays a key role in animal performance and well-being over a wide range of physiological situations.
McGuire
M A
MA
Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
Bauman
D E
DE
Dwyer
D A
DA
Cohick
W S
WS
D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005508:Food Deprivation; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000378:metabolism; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008892:Milk / Q000378:metabolism; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000502:physiology*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; D008894:Milk Proteins; D013002:Somatomedins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D013006:Growth Hormone