title: Measurement of colony-stimulating factors in synovial fluid: potential clinical value.
abstract: In this study, 100 synovial fluid (SF) samples from patients with a variety of arthritides were assayed for levels of colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) using a human bone-marrow bioassay and enzyme immunoassays for granulocyte (G-) and granulocyte-macrophage (GM-) CSFs. GM-CSF was found more frequently in samples from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) subjects (49%) than in non-RA samples (29%). Absence of GM- but not G- or bioassay CSFs characterised samples from subjects with psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis (n = 14). There was strong evidence of an antagonistic relationship between levels of G- and GM-CSFs in samples from RA patients, an effect independent of drug treatment. However, treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) may affect reported CSF concentrations: G-CSF levels were significantly lower in samples from subjects not taking NSAIDs. These results suggest that SF-CSF estimations using commercially available assays could provide useful diagnostic clues for clinicians, but careful interpretation is warranted particularly in patients on long-term NSAID treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Rheumatology), School of Clinical Medicine, Queen's University, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, N Ireland.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Magill
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: McKane
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kirk
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Irvine
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000032:analysis*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor