title: Selective inhibition of repair of active genes by hyperthermia is due to inhibition of global and transcription coupled repair pathways.
abstract: Hyperthermia specifically inhibits the repair of UV-induced DNA photolesions in transcriptionally active genes. To define more precisely which mechanisms underlie the heat-induced inhibition of repair of active genes, removal of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) was studied in human fibroblasts with different repair capacities and different transcriptional status of the adenosine deaminase gene, i.e. normal human cells, human cells carrying an inactive copy of the adenosine deaminase gene and xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C fibroblasts. The results indicate that repair of active genes is impaired by inhibition of two repair pathways: (i) a global repair system involved in the repair of CPDs in potentially active genes; and (ii) the transcription-coupled repair pathway responsible for the accelerated repair of the transcribed strand. Since X-ray-induced DNA damage is also preferentially removed from the transcribed strand of active genes, selective inhibition of repair of radiation-induced DNA damage in active genes may play a key role in radiosensitization due to hyperthermia.
authors.affiliation: MGC--Department of Radiation Genetics and Chemical Mutagenesis, University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sakkers
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Filon
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Brunsting
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Kampinga
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Konings
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Mullenders
mesh_terms: D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010641:Phenotype; D011740:Pyrimidine Dimers / Q000378:metabolism; D012313:RNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016511:Severe Combined Immunodeficiency / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D011740:Pyrimidine Dimers; D012313:RNA; D004247:DNA; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase