A study on the prevention of prenatal and galactogenic Toxocara canis infections in pups by treatment of infected bitches with ivermectin or doramectin.
Investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of a two dose treatment with ivermectin or doramectin on reactivated larvae of Toxocara canis in bitches to prevent prenatal and galactogenic infections of their pups. Thirty pregnant bitches were treated by subcutaneous injection of ivermectin or doramectin on day 40 and 50 post conception (p.c.) each with a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight. The efficacy of the treatments was determined by faecal examinations and by comparing the number of infected pups and the onset of patency in each group of pups. 1. Patient infections with T. canis were seen in pups from untreated bitches from day 21 after birth and all pups were coproscopically positive one week later. To prevent severe clinical symptoms all pups in this group were treated with anthelmintics on day 42 after birth. 2. Pups from ivermectin treated bitches occasionally exhibited patent infections from day 28 after birth onwards; pups from doramectin group exhibited infections from day 56 after birth. The number of patently infected pups in both groups increased till 70 days after birth, probably because of postnatal infections. 3. 28 days after parturition, T. canis infections became patent in all untreated bitches. Single bitches in the ivermectin and doramectin groups developed patent infections after day 49 after parturition. All coproscopically positive bitches had patently infected pups in their litters. 4. The contamination of the environment with eggs of T. canis was calculated from the results of the faecal examinations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Institute of Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
Pankow
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Hackbarth
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Schnieder
T
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Stoye
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D000818:Animals; D000969:Antinematodal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D004285:Dogs; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000187:drug effects / Q000662:veterinary; D010270:Parasite Egg Count / Q000662:veterinary; D011247:Pregnancy; D015597:Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects; D017166:Toxocara canis; D014120:Toxocariasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission
D000969:Antinematodal Agents; D007559:Ivermectin; C084101:doramectin