title: A study on expert reading of patch test reactions: inter-individual accordance.
abstract: To diagnose allergic or irritant contact dermatitis, a clinically relevant contact allergy has to be demonstrated or ruled out, respectively. Although patch testing has been used for 100 years, it remains the method of choice for diagnosing contact allergy. A disadvantage of patch testing is that reading is subjective, based on inspection and palpation of the test area, implying that the assessment is subject to the reader's knowledge and experience. This study was carried out to investigate the accordance in reading patch test reactions between 5 dermatologists. 4 groups, each with 10 patients, participated. Within each group, all 10 were allergic to one and the same sensitizer; nickel, epoxy resin, ethylenediamine, or Kathon CG. The sensitizers were tested in serial dilutions and applied randomly to the back. The tests were read independently by the dermatologists in a blinded fashion. A protocol was used where the dermatologists had to note the presence of the morphological features erythema, infiltration, papules, vesicles, and bullae. In this way, it was possible to allocate the various readings into 4 classification systems, 3 European and one American, although the definition of the various classifications might differ slightly. Based on the readings and classifications, it was possible to calculate the degree of accordance within the 4 systems used. It was also possible to analyze the degree of accordance for the various morphological features. Total accordance for the 5 reading dermatologists for positive and negative test reactions was noted in 36% and 46%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Dermatology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bruze
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Isaksson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Edman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Björkner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fregert
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Möller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects; D005029:Ethylenediamines / Q000009:adverse effects; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009532:Nickel / Q000009:adverse effects; D015588:Observer Variation; D010328:Patch Tests / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000009:adverse effects; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D005029:Ethylenediamines; D013844:Thiazoles; C037057:Kathon 886; C031234:ethylenediamine; D009532:Nickel