title: Imaging of the liver: a survey update of prevailing techniques for conventional CT scanning.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A survey of the Society of Computed Body Tomography/Magnetic Resonance (SCBT/MR) was performed to assess current techniques in liver CT scanning.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was designed as an update to a study performed in 1987. The survey was distributed to 67 members of the SCBT/MR at 35 institutions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-six institutions responded. As in 1987, none relied solely on noncontrast scans. In 1987, only 54% (12/22) of institutions performed contrast-enhanced scans as their primary technique compared with 73% (19/26) in 1993. Ionic contrast was used exclusively in the earlier study, whereas in the present study 58% used nonionic contrast in the majority of cases and 38% used nonionic contrast routinely. In 1987, 41% performed scans with a power injector compared with 85% in the present study. Enhanced scans were performed during the contrast bolus in 36% of institutions in 1987 compared with 76% in this study. No institution relied on noncontrast scans alone. In the previous study the delay between injection and scanning was variable (0-60 s), whereas in the present study 83% specified a delay of 21-45 s.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significant refinements in CT technique, wider use of power injectors, utilization of nonionic contrast, and a more critical approach to optimize liver imaging have created a significant impact on the practice of liver CT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, D.C. 20007, USA.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Silverman
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Zeman
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011172:Portography; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D012958:Societies, Scientific; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D015898:Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media