title: Penetration of ciprofloxacin into bone: a new bioabsorbable implant.
abstract: The implantation of antibiotic-containing cement beads became standard adjuvant local antibiotic therapy of chronic osteomyelitis. The new developed bioabsorbable drug carrier system of polyglycolic acid with the antibiotic Ciprofloxacin was tested in vitro and in vivo. The goal of this study was to determinate the penetration depth of Ciprofloxacin into bone cortex and marrow. Two monofil, PGA cylinders, 3.2 x 5 mm in size, containing 3 mg of Ciprofloxacin each, were implanted into the proximal part of both femora of 18 rabbits (New Zealand white). After sacrifice, the concentration of Ciprofloxacin in micrograms/g cortex and marrow was measured with high-performance liquid chromatography in relation to the distance from the test material at day 2, as well as at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 weeks postimplantation. For a distance up to 5 mm, marrow levels of the drug exceeded cortical levels at day 2 (5000 to 240 micrograms/g). At a distance of 5-10 mm, cortex levels were similar to marrow levels after 2 weeks and were higher than marrow levels at week 3. This observation could be made at a distance between 10 and 15 mm only after 2 days. Later, marrow concentrations again exceeded that in cortex. At a distance of more than 15 mm, antibiotic levels were low and approximated. After 6 weeks, at 5 mm distance, a bactericidal drug concentration of about 2 micrograms/g in bone marrow could be measured. Drug penetration into cortical bone in bactericidal concentrations of about 2 micrograms/g was achieved at up to 30 mm in the first few days.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma and Hand Surgery, Westfaelische Wilhelms University, Muenster, Germany.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Overbeck
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Winckler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meffert
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Törmälä
authors.forename: H U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Spiegel
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brug
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000378:metabolism; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004343:Drug Implants; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008422:Materials Testing; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000188:drug therapy; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D011817:Rabbits; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004343:Drug Implants; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D002939:Ciprofloxacin