[The human genome--chromosome 17].
The submitted account on genes of the 17th chromosome pays attention to autosomal dominant hereditary neurodegenerative diseases which have some characteristics in common-they are relatively frequent, a considerable proportion of the cases is conditioned by new mutations, contributed mainly by male gametes, and they affect mostly the periphery of the nervous system. In addition to the cause of this group of diseases which at present is not yet quite clear, the 17th chromosome is the carrier of the locus the product of which--p53 protein--interferes with oncogenesis. Its effect twofold--the normal product under normal conditions (natural regulation) exerts an antioncogenic action, its shortage or altered quality-(mutations) exert an oncogenic action. Another important locus which is involved in oncogenic processes is locus RARA--the receptor of retinoic acid which participates in the formation of promyelocytic acute leukaemia and locus BRCA1 the pathogenic alleles of which are a dominant predisposition for breast cancer.
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D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002886:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17; D005260:Female; D005826:Genetics, Medical; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male