title: Ultrastructure and mucociliary transport of bronchial respiratory epithelium in intubated patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate whether reduced bronchial mucus transport velocity (BTV) is associated with a loss of cilia or ultrastructural abnormalities of cilia in intubated patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients were studied prospectively in a convenience sample trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study took place in a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  29 orally intubated patients in a surgical ICU.
  
  
  METHODS
  BTV was measured with radiolabeled microspheres in the right and left primary bronchus. Following these measurements, biopsy samples were taken from the bronchi for scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron-microscopic investigations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SEM: Patients with normal or slight impaired BTV (group 1, n = 14: BTV: 8.5 mm/min (3.8-11.5); median with range) showed more cilia on the luminal surface than patients with markedly depressed BTV (p < 0.05) (group 2, n = 15: BTV: 0 (0-2.1)). The difference was statistically significant. The BTV values correlated moderately with the number of cilia on the luminal surface (r = 0.46; p = 0.02). TEM: In group 1, 6.5% (3.9-14.9) of cilia were abnormal (median with range) vs 9.3% (4.9-13.7) in group 2; these differences were not statistically significant. Neither was there any significant correlation between BTV and the frequency of abnormal cilia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Impaired mucociliary transport in intubated patients is associated with a loss of cilia rather than ultrastructural abnormalities of cilia, which are less relevant.
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinik für Anaesthesiologie, Universität Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Konrad
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schiener
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Marx
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Georgieff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001980:Bronchi / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002923:Cilia / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002925:Ciliary Motility Disorders / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008875:Middle Aged; D009079:Mucociliary Clearance; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012907:Smoking