title: Transrectal ultrasound-guided transperineal cryoablation in the treatment of prostate carcinoma: preliminary results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied ultrasound-guided percutaneous cryoablation for treatment of prostate carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our series includes 83 individuals who underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided transperineal percutaneous cryoablation of the prostate. Prostate specific antigen levels, biopsy results and complications were assessed at 3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 61 biopsies 8 (13.1%) were positive for carcinoma (half showed stage D disease). Of patients with stages T1 to T3 cancer 92.6% were free of disease at 3 months. Prostate specific antigen levels were significantly decreased by an average of 1.90 ng./ml. (p < 0.05). Major complications were infrequent, including bladder perforation in 1 patient, urethral strictures in 3, bladder outlet obstruction in 2 and partial incontinence in 2. Impotence was frequent but transient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transrectal ultrasound-guided transperineal percutaneous cryoablation of the prostate produces few major complications and appears at 3 months to be effective in eradicating local prostate tumors. Longer followup is required to test the original hypothesis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, University of California San Diego Medical Center, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wieder
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Casola
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: vanSonnenberg
authors.forename: B F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Stainken
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Parsons
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D010502:Perineum; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012007:Rectum; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen