title: An automated ELISA system using a pipette tip as a solid phase and a pH-sensitive field effect transistor as a detector.
abstract: A fully automated ELISA system was constructed using a pipette tip as a solid phase, urease as a detecting enzyme, and a pH-FET as a detector of urease activity. The inner wall of the end part of a pipette tip was used as a solid phase, and the urease activity of the conjugate, captured after a two-step immunoreaction, was measured by coupling the pipette tip with the pH-FET in a pH-measuring cell. Full automation of the ELISA system was achieved by using a disposable reagent cartridge and three pipetters for all mechanical operations, including sample dilution and B/F separation. This system can treat 60 samples per hour with an assay time of 21 min for all assay configurations. The system was applied to two-step sandwich assays for AFP, CEA, HBsAg, and HBsAb, a two-step competition assay for HBcAb, and a second antibody assay for HTLV-I Ab.
authors.affiliation: Central Research Laboratories, Kuraray Co. Ltd., Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuruta
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Motoyashiki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015481:HTLV-I Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D015481:HTLV-I Antibodies; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins