title: Bone marrow of patients with active multiple myeloma: angiogenesis and plasma cell adhesion molecules LFA-1, VLA-4, LAM-1, and CD44.
abstract: Bone marrow plasma cells and stromal cells in multiple myeloma (MM) have been shown to be capable of releasing cytokines with angiogenic properties. Plasma cells can also express adhesion molecules controlling their adhesive interactions with endothelial cells. In the present study, we have evaluated by immunohistochemistry the extent of angiogenesis in the bone marrow of: a) 51 patients with active and non-active MM; b) 25 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Plasma cells were investigated by flow cytometry for the expression of the adhesion molecules LFA-1, VLA-4, LAM-1, and CD44. The results showed that, while angiogenesis was very low or absent in patients with MGUS and non-active MM, it increased markedly in those with active MM. The highest detectability of plasma cell adhesion molecules, except LAM-1, was also found in these patients. The functional significance of these findings is unknown. Their consistent occurrence in the bone marrow of active myeloma patients, however, strongly suggests that more frequent adhesive interactions between plasma cells and their microvasculature underlie tumor dissemination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vacca
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Loreto
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ribatti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Di Stefano
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gadaleta-Caldarola
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iodice
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caloro
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dammacco
mesh_terms: D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; D019041:L-Selectin; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016201:Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016029:Receptors, Very Late Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D016201:Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing; D016029:Receptors, Very Late Antigen; D019041:L-Selectin