title: Detection and identification of gastrointestinal microsporidia using non-invasive techniques.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To detect enteric microsporidia in faecal specimens from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and to identify the spores to species level without using invasive procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Formalised faecal preparations were examined using a modification of the strong trichrome staining method to demonstrate microsporidian spores. Six positive specimens were prepared for electron microscopy by emulsification and separation using a 9% Ficoll gradient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The modified staining technique readily identified microsporidian spores. Spores of different species showed variation in size. Identification using electron microscopy was successful for five of the six positive specimens examined. It was unsuccessful for one specimen in which spores were less abundant on initial staining.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The modified strong trichrome staining method is a useful way of detecting spores of intestinal microsporidia in faecal specimens. Variation in spore size may permit provisional identification by light microscopy. Electron microscopic examination of faecal preparations is useful for identifying spores to species level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Parasitology, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, London.
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Corcoran
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Tovey
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Moody
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Chiodini
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000469:parasitology*; D000818:Animals; D001391:Azo Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS); D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology*; D006801:Humans; D008739:Methyl Green; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D016816:Microsporida / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010274:Parasitology / Q000379:methods; D013170:Spores / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; C017768:trichrome stain; D008739:Methyl Green; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS)