title: Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines.
abstract: In summary, all of the Hib conjugate vaccines are highly immunogenic and efficacious in children older than 12-15 months of age, and HbOC, PRP-OMPC, and PRP-T are highly immunogenic and demonstrated to be efficacious in infants as young as 2 months old. HbOC, PRP-OMPC, and PRP-T have been licensed in numerous countries for infants and are recommended for infant immunization. However, perhaps the greatest tribute one can pay to all four Hib vaccines described in this review is to note the dramatic decrease in the incidence of Hib disease that has occurred since their introduction. In fact, according to the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (March 4, 1994), the incidence of Hib disease in children less than 5 years old has declined by 95% from 41 cases per 100,000 in 1987 to 2 cases per 100,000 in 1993, timing that coincides with the availability and use of the Hib conjugate vaccines (Anderson, 1994). As universal administration is achieved and the apparent vaccine-induced reduction in carriage of Hib by the population continues, Hib vaccines may follow the lead of past vaccines (such as smallpox, measles, mumps, rubella, and polio) toward eradication of disease or at least a high degree of medical control, thereby virtually eliminating the mortality and insidious morbidity associated with invasive Hib diseases.
authors.affiliation: Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kniskern
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marburg
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015195:Drug Design; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines