title: Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) is more potent than IGF-I in stimulating cortisol secretion from cultured bovine adrenocortical cells: interaction with the IGF-I receptor and IGF-binding proteins.
abstract: Although the stimulating effect of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) on adrenal steroidogenesis has been well established, the role of IGF-II in the adult adrenal gland remains unknown. We, therefore, investigated the effect of recombinant human IGF-II on cortisol and cAMP synthesis from adult bovine adrenocortical cells. IGF-II, time and dose dependently, stimulated basal cortisol secretion maximally 3-fold. In combination with ACTH, IGF-II (13 nM) synergistically increased cortisol secretion from 1-fold (10(-8) M ACTH) to 28-fold of untreated control levels. In contrast, IGF-I at equimolar concentrations did not show an effect on basal cortisol secretion, and in combination with ACTH elicited a significant weaker stimulatory effect than IGF-II (22-fold increase). The synergistic effect of IGF-II on ACTH-promoted cortisol secretion was paralleled by accumulation of cAMP in the culture medium. Although both IGF receptors are present in adult bovine adrenocortical cells, the effect of IGF-II seems to be mediated through interaction with the IGF-I receptor, as [Arg54,55]IGF-II, which only binds to the IGF-I receptor, was equipotent to native IGF-II, whereas [Leu27]IGF-II, which preferentially binds to the type II IGF receptor, did not show any effect. By Western ligand blotting, four different molecular forms of IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) were identified in conditioned medium of bovine adrenocortical cells with apparent molecular masses of 39-44, 34, 29, and 24 kilodaltons. ACTH treatment increased the abundance of all binding proteins, on the average, 2.3-fold, except for the 29-kDa band, which was predominantly induced 6.8-fold. Additionally, [des1-3]IGF-I, a truncated IGF variant that exhibits only minimal binding to IGFBPs, was significant more potent than IGF-I and elicited the same maximum stimulatory effect on cortisol secretion as IGF-II and [des1-6]IGF-II. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that 1) IGF-II stimulates basal as well as ACTH-induced cortisol secretion from bovine adrenocortical cells more potently than IGF-I; 2) this effect is mediated through interaction of IGF-II with the IGF-I receptor; 3) bovine adrenocortical cells synthesize various IGFBPs that are induced differentially by ACTH; and 4) IGFBPs apparently play a modulatory role in IGF-induced stimulation of adrenal steroidogenesis. Therefore, bovine adult adrenocortical cells provide a useful tissue culture model in which the interactions among locally produced IGFs, IGFBPs, and the IGF-I receptor can be evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Medical Department II, Klinikum Grosshadern, University of Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Simmler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fottner
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Engelhardt
mesh_terms: D000302:Adrenal Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism*; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1; D006854:Hydrocortisone