title: Solid-phase extraction of nicotine and its metabolites for high-performance liquid chromatographic determination in urine.
abstract: A solid-phase extraction, using Extrelut-1 glass columns, has been applied to urine samples of both passive and active smokers for high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of nicotine and its metabolites cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine. Chromatography was performed using a reversed-phase LC8DB column and a mobile phase consisting of water-acetonitrile (80:9, v/v) containing 5 ml triethylamine, 670 mg/l sodium heptanesulphonate, and 0.034 M each of K2HPO4 and citric acid (pH 4.4), at a flow-rate of 1.6 ml/min. The results obtained indicate that solid-phase extraction is a reliable and quick procedure which can be applied also to other nicotine metabolites.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zuccaro
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Altieri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Passa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pichini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pacifici
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D003367:Cotinine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D009538:Nicotine / Q000652:urine*; D012907:Smoking / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: C001381:hydroxycotinine; D009538:Nicotine; D003367:Cotinine