title: Sensitivity/resistance profile of a simian immunodeficiency virus containing the reverse transcriptase gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) toward the HIV-1-specific non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
abstract: To develop an animal model for the therapy of AIDS with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors, we recently constructed a hybrid simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/HIV-1 in which the RT gene of SIV was replaced by the RT gene of HIV-1. This chimaeric virus, designated RT-SHIV, was found to be markedly sensitive to the inhibitory effects of both nucleoside (ddN) and non-nucleoside RT inhibitors (NNRTIs). In contrast, SIV was inhibited only by ddNs (i.e., 3TC and AZT), but not NNRTIs. When RT-SHIV was grown in the presence of 3TC, nevirapine, TSAO-m3T or the thiocarboxanilide UC-42 drug-resistant mutant virus strains emerged in cell culture as rapid as for HIV-1(IIIB). The antiviral sensitivity/resistance spectrum of the mutant RT-SHIV strains against NNRTIs and ddNs, and the nature of the mutations that appeared in their RT were similar to those of the mutant HIV-1 strains that were selected under identical experimental conditions. Infection of macaques with RT-SHIV may be a useful tool for studying the mechanism of NNRTI-resistance development and the therapy of NNRTI-resistant viruses in an animal model.
authors.affiliation: Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balzarini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weeger
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Camarasa
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Clercq
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uberla
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000187:drug effects; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase