title: Novel assay system favorable for the study of cell-to-cell transmission of HIV-1 and its application to the evaluation of anti-HIV drugs.
abstract: The cell-to-cell transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was studied using MOLT-4 cells chronically infected with a variant strain of HIV-1SF-2 (MOLT-4/HIV-1SF-2H) and CD4+ human lymphoid MT-4 cells. MOLT-4/HIV-1SF-2H cells produced less than 1 TCID50 infectious particles per day as determined by the cytopathogenicity in MT-4 cells. However, the expression of envelope glycoproteins gp120 and gp41 on the MOLT-4/HIV-1SF-2H cell membrane was satisfactory for syncytium formation with the uninfected MOLT-4 cells. When MOLT-4/HIV-1SF-2H and MT-4 cells were co-cultured, severe cytopathogenicity was observed in MT-4 cells without being accompanied by the formation of multi-nucleated cells. Thus, the system consisting of MOLT-4/HIV-1SF-2H and MT-4 cells is convenient for exclusive study of the mechanism of cell-to-cell transmission of HIV-1. Using various compounds, it was confirmed that cell-to-cell transmission required both gp120/gp41-CD4 binding and de novo DNA synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inouye
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanamori
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002474:Cell-Free System; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D011108:Polymers / Q000494:pharmacology; D017655:Silicon Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D017973:Tungsten Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D011108:Polymers; D017655:Silicon Compounds; D017973:Tungsten Compounds; C096057:polyoxotungstate PM 48; C064098:polyoxotungstate PM 19