title: Assessment of estrogen receptor distribution in human endometrium by direct immunofluorescence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To use a direct immunofluorescence technique employing a fluorescein labeled anti-idiotypic antibody that recognizes the estrogen receptor (ER) order to assess the distribution of ER in the uteri of normal women throughout the normal menstrual cycle and of a woman exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol (DES).
  
  
  METHODS
  Included in the study were 25 women aged between 35 and 50 years and an amenorrheic patient diagnosed as "DES Syndrome".
  Localization of ER expression in frozen sections of uterine tissue was achieved by direct immunofluorescence using a fluorescein labeled anti-idiotypic antibody that interacts with ER.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of the immunofluorescence staining indicated that in the normal human endometrium the intensity of ER staining varied according to the phase of the cycle as well as according to the cell type. On the other hand, endometrial ER evaluation of the patient with DES syndrome showed minimal expression of ER and after treatment with conjugated estrogens, endometrial biopsy revealed a significant increase in ER expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that the fluorescein labeled anti-idiotypic antibody can be used to detect ER in normal and pathological human endometrium and to monitor changes in ER expression in the endometrium during hormonal therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hormone Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ben-Hur
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mor
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Insler
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Blickstein
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Amir-Zaltsman
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kohen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D002455:Cell Division; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D004054:Diethylstilbestrol / Q000009:adverse effects; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D008597:Menstrual Cycle; D008875:Middle Aged; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013577:Syndrome; D002577:Uterine Cervical Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP); D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D004054:Diethylstilbestrol