title: Schizophrenia and oxymorons.
abstract: From the viewpoint of character structure, patients with schizophrenia can be seen as the diametric opposite of persons with a nonpsychotic organization. They construct adaptations and defenses to deal with an externalized primitive mental orientation, whereas nonpsychotic persons tend to develop defensive mechanisms to render these primitive parts inactive. Patients with schizophrenia do not have a continuum between primary process id levels and secondary process reality operations. Thus polarities are not differentiated, leading to a series of paradoxes and oxymorons. These patients may view themselves as omnipotent and grandiose, yet at the same time lead a miserable, drab existence. Primitive parts of the personality may feel alive and powerful, whereas the ego is viewed as dead--the fundamental oxymoron of the living dead. The author presents several illustrative case vignettes of these features.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, USA.
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Giovacchini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D003702:Delusions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D004532:Ego; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010553:Personality Development; D011575:Psychoanalytic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D011936:Reality Testing; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology