title: Treatment of malignant esophagorespiratory fistulas with silicone-covered metallic Z stents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively evaluate the clinical efficacy of covered metallic Z stents in the treatment of esophagorespiratory fistulas (ERFs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve patients with severe aspiration symptoms from malignant ERFs were treated with silicone-covered, metallic, self-expanding Gianturco-Rösch Z (GRZ) stents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fluoroscopically guided stent placement was successful and well tolerated in all patients. Immediate postprocedural endoscopy and esophagography showed excellent coverage of the fistulas in all cases. Aspiration symptoms were completely relieved in eight of 12 patients (67%). Four of 12 patients (33%) were improved and able to eat a soft diet. There were no stent-related deaths. Nine patients have died and three patients are alive. Mean follow-up for the entire group was 3.9 months (range, 1 week to 10.5 months). Nonfatal complications occurred in three of 12 patients (25%). Complications included one membrane disruption and one granulomatous reaction with a slight upward stent migration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GRZ stents are an effective and safe means of palliation in patients with malignant esophagorespiratory fistulas.
authors.affiliation: Dotter Interventional Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201-3098, USA.
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Saxon
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Barton
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Katon
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Lakin
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Timmermans
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rösch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003679:Deglutition; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D004867:Equipment Design; D004937:Esophageal Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D005260:Female; D005402:Fistula / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals; D008875:Middle Aged; D010166:Palliative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D012828:Silicones; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects; D013499:Surface Properties; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D012828:Silicones