title: Cocaine increases extraneuronal levels of aspartate and glutamate in the nucleus accumbens.
abstract: Intracerebral microdialysis was used to assess the effects of cocaine-HCl on extracellular concentrations of the excitatory amino acids aspartate and glutamate in the nucleus accumbens of awake, freely moving rats. After an initial equilibration period, cocaine (7.5, 15 or 30 mg/kg) or saline was injected i.p., and samples were collected for an additional 2 h. The highest dose of cocaine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) caused a 4-fold increase in glutamate levels and an 18-fold increase in aspartate levels over baseline. To verify that the source of the extracellular aspartate and glutamate was neuronal, additional experiments were conducted using Ca(2+)-free microdialysis buffer, and buffer containing 10 microM tetrodotoxin. Local perfusion with Ca(2+)-free buffer reduced the increase of extracellular aspartate and glutamate in rats injected with 30 mg/kg cocaine. Tetrodotoxin significantly decreased the cocaine-induced increase in excitatory amino acids, but not the behavioral response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0613, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Kunko
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D003042:Cocaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D009294:Narcotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D003042:Cocaine; D002118:Calcium