title: Serum levels of hPL, PAPP-A and PP14 in patients with early pregnancy bleeding and subchorionic hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate possible endocrine changes in patients with early pregnancy bleeding and subchorionic hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study in first trimester of pregnancy comparing circulating levels of human placental lactogen (hPL), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and endometrial secretory protein PP14 (PP14) in women with and without subchorionic hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-nine women with early pregnancy bleeding, who in week 7-14 had a blood sample and an ultrasound study with both determination of fetal crown-rump length and a search for subchorionic hemorrhage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference between serum levels of hPL, PAPP-A and PP14 in 29 women with and 40 women without subchorionic hemorrhage, and no correlation between serum levels and the size of the hematoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Judged from the serum levels of the studied substances there were no indications of an impaired function of the trophoblast or the decidua that could explain the development of subchorionic hemorrhage.
authors.affiliation: Ultrasound Laboratory, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruge
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sørensen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D000071816:Glycodelin; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006801:Humans; D010928:Placental Lactogen / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A / Q000032:analysis*; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D000071816:Glycodelin; D006023:Glycoproteins; C045246:PAEP protein, human; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D010928:Placental Lactogen; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A