title: Staining methods in gel electrophoresis, including the use of multiple detection methods.
abstract: Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is a reliable and widely used technique for the separation, identification and characterization of proteins and protein mixtures. With the introduction of high resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 1975 upward to 2000 individual polypeptides spots are easily separated on a single electrophoretic gel thereby necessitating the availability of highly sensitive protein detection methods. Although a plethora of protein-staining and -visualization protocols have been described utilizing both radioactive and non-radioactive reagents, many times the use of mono-dimensional detection procedures is insufficient to address the experimental questions asked. The present review highlights the utilization of combined protein-labeling and -staining methodologies in gel electrophoresis including selected applications in polyacrylamide gels and solid membrane matrixes.
authors.affiliation: Biopolymer Chemistry Section, Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Wirth
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Romano
mesh_terms: D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel / Q000379:methods*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins