title: Acute versus chronic administration of phosphodiesterase inhibitors on allergen-induced pulmonary cell influx in sensitized guinea-pigs.
abstract: 1. The aims of this study were to determine which phosphodiesterase (PDE) isoenzymes are involved in the control of eosinophil accumulation in the airways of ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized guinea-pigs by the use of isoenzyme selective inhibitors and to compare the effects of acute versus chronic administration of PDE isozyme inhibitors on pulmonary cell influx in ovalbumin-immunized guinea-pigs. 2. Guinea-pigs were sensitized and subsequently challenged with aerosolized OVA. Twenty four hours later bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed to permit assessment of inflammatory cell accumulation. A significant increase in the number of eosinophils was observed in the lavage fluid from OVA-immunized (13.6 +/- 1.4 x 10(4) ml-1 in acute experiments and 10.1 +/- 1.4 x 10(4) ml-1 in chronic experiments) animals compared with sham-treated controls (5.6 +/- 0.6 x 10(4) ml-1 in acute experiments and 5.1 +/- 0.6 x 10(4) ml-1 in chronic experiments). There was no difference in neutrophil, mononuclear cell or total cell numbers between the two groups. 3. Acute administration of a high dose of selective and non-selective PDE inhibitors by the i.p. route had no significant effect on eosinophil accumulation in the airways. 4. Chronic administration of a low dose (3 mg kg-1, i.p., twice daily for 7 days) of the type IV PDE inhibitor, RO 20-1724, and the PDE III/IV inhibitor, zardaverine, produced a significant inhibition of eosinophil accumulation (46% and 59% respectively). 5. These results suggest that the type IV PDE isoenzyme plays a role in the control of allergen-induced eosinophil infiltration into the airways, but indicate that a period of low dose chronic treatment with a type IV or mixed type III/IV PDE inhibitor is necessary for eosinophil accumulation in the airways to be reduced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, King's College, London.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Banner
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Page
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000485:Allergens; D000818:Animals; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000187:drug effects*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000187:drug effects*; D014748:Vinca Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D014748:Vinca Alkaloids; C013983:vinpocetine; D010047:Ovalbumin; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine