title: Pseudoleukemia after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy.
abstract: Therapy with myeloid colony-stimulating factors has been safely and effectively used in a wide variety of situations associated with neutropenia. We present a case of pseudoleukemia occurring in a patient with lymphoma and pancytopenia after 2 days of treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Bone marrow aspirate and flow cytometry study results were consistent with acute myelomonocytic leukemia but were normal after G-CSF was discontinued for 4 days. As previous phase I studies of bone marrow morphology after G-CSF use have not described the extreme myeloid immaturity seen in this patient, it seems likely that the action of G-CSF was enhanced by factors associated with the patient's illness. We emphasize the clinical importance of this case in light of the widespread use of G-CSF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Yale-New Haven Hospital, CT, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Reale
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Strair
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Cooper
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D015479:Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000209:etiology*; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000628:therapy; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D014750:Vincristine; D005047:Etoposide; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011241:Prednisone