title: Diagnosis and prognosis of renal-cell tumors: a molecular approach.
abstract: This review discusses the impact of molecular genetics on the diagnosis and prediction of the prognosis for renal-cell tumors. Through the use of molecular techniques, it has become possible to divide renal-cell tumors into genetically and biologically well-defined entities. The new classification has many advantages over morphological ones: (1) in contrary to tumor phenotype, genetic markers are constant during tumor progression and allow a precise diagnosis; (2) genetic analysis discriminates between papillary (multiple origin) and nonpapillary renal-cell carcinomas (solitary tumors); (3) genetic analysis allows a precise diagnosis of renal adenoma; (4) the new classification system offers a genetic prognostic system; and (5) the new diagnostic-prognostic system could easily be adapted to modern detection systems such as automated sequence and fragment-length analysis, which allow a quick and correct diagnosis with a high throughput.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Urologie, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wilhelm
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kovacs
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor