title: A case of metastatic yolk sac tumor of testis in a child.
abstract: We report a case of testicular yolk sac tumor in a child aged 3 years and 6 months with multiple bulky metastases to lung and retroperitoneum (stage IIIB2). After three courses of chemotherapy with a PVB regimen (cisplatin, vinblastine and bleomycin), complete and partial responses were obtained for lung and retroperitoneal lymph node metastases, respectively. The patient was followed-up closely. However, on the basis of a re-elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) after 4 months' follow-up, he was treated with three courses of salvage chemotherapy with a modified VAB-6 regimen (cyclophosphamide, etoposide, actinomycin D, bleomycin and cisplatin), followed by retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Histologically, only necrotic tissue was found. There is no evidence of recurrence 24 months after lymphadenectomy. There is very little information in the literature on the appropriate management of postchemotherapy residual mass in pediatric testicular tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishitoya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hashimura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D018240:Endodermal Sinus Tumor / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins