title: Effect of substrate aglycon on enzyme mechanism in the reaction of sialidase from influenza virus.
abstract: The effect of substrate aglycon on enzyme mechanism of sialidase from influenza virus was investigated by kinetic isotope effects using the substrates 4-methylumbelliferyl-N-acetyl-alpha-D-neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac alpha 2MU) and p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-alpha-D-neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac alpha 2PNP). The kinetic isotope effect on Vmax (beta DV), at pH 6.0, as revealed by direct comparison of rates obtained with Neu5Ac alpha 2MU and the [3,3-2H]-substituted substrate analogue, was shown to be inverse. This indicates that sialidase-catalysed hydrolysis of Neu5Ac alpha 2MU proceeds with substantial positive charge development at the reaction centre in the transition state for the formation of the glycosyl cation-enzyme intermediate. However, no such inverse effect on Vmax at pH 6.0 was observed when using Neu5Ac alpha 2PNP and the [3,3-2H]-substituted substrate. A mechanism by which hydrolysis proceeds through an alpha-lactone intermediate has been proposed by Guo et al. [8]. We propose that the differences in beta DV for the substrates investigated are due primarily to the differing properties of the aglycon leaving groups, which may result in influenza virus sialidase catalysing substrate hydrolysis by a similar mechanism with alternative stabilisation of transition state.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Victorian College of Pharmacy, Monash University, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tiralongo
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Pegg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Itzstein
mesh_terms: D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006923:Hymecromone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000201:enzymology*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D006923:Hymecromone; C021224:2'-(4-methylumbelliferyl)-alpha-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid; D009439:Neuraminidase