title: Cytogenetic analysis of tissues from patients with familial paragangliomas of the head and neck.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Paragangliomas of the head and neck are slow-growing tumors that originate from neural crest cells. Between 7% and 9% of these tumors have a familial occurrence. The suspected gene for familial paragangliomas (FP) is transmitted with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance with incomplete penetrance, and appears to exhibit genomic imprinting. It has been demonstrated by family studies that individuals who inherit the gene(s) from their father will develop the disease. Through linkage analysis, the gene(s) for FP has been postulated to be located on the long arm of chromosome 11. The discovery of many different genes has been elucidated through the cytogenetic analysis of affected individuals who carry specific chromosome aberrations. This project was designed to look for chromosome abnormalities in several second-generation family members to further assist in the localization of the gene(s) for FP.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study involved the cytogenetic evaluation of lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and tumor cells of several second-generation family members from a three-generation family with FP of the head and neck to look for chromosome abnormalities generally, and for abnormalities of chromosome 11 specifically. Standard cytogenetic techniques were used for lymphocyte and fibroblast cultures. Tumor cells were cultured in a collagen matrix with F12 medium supplemented with 3% L-glutamine and 10% fetal calf serum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no detectable abnormalities of chromosome 11 in any of the cells. However, nonrandom abnormalities of chromosomes 5 and 7 were seen in some of the tumor cells of one FP patient. To our knowledge, this is the first article which demonstrated the ability to successfully culture FP of the head and neck.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Schneider Children's Hospital, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York, USA.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Zaslav
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Myssiorek
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mucia
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Fox
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D025063:Chromosome Disorders; D002880:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010235:Paraganglioma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D010375:Pedigree; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured