title: Occurrence of late specific complications in type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
abstract: The objective of the present study was to determine the occurrence of late specific complications, i.e., nephropathy, retinopathy, and autonomic neuropathy, in type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic subjects with a recent onset and with a disease duration of at least 5 years. The study design comprised of a population-based controlled cross-sectional survey of middle-aged type II diabetic subjects in the City of Tampere, Southwest Finland. The mean (SD) albumin excretion rate per 24 h was found to have increased in recently diagnosed diabetic subjects, i.e., 54 (111) mg (p < 0.0001), and in long-term diabetic subjects, 134 (479) mg (p < 0.0001), compared to nondiabetic controls, 16 (19) mg. Microalbuminuria (30 mg/24 h < or = albumin excretion rate < or = 300 mg/24 h) was detected in 8% of nondiabetic subjects and in 29% of recently diagnosed subjects and 27% of long-term diabetic subjects. The prevalence of clinical nephropathy (albumin excretion rate > 300 mg/24 h) was 7% in long-term and 4% in recently diagnosed diabetic subjects and zero in nondiabetic subjects. The differences between diabetic and nondiabetic subjects tested for microalbuminuria and clinical nephropathy were significant (p = 0.02-0.0001) exempting the difference between recently diagnosed female diabetic subjects and nondiabetic female subjects tested for clinical nephropathy. Seventy-five percent of biopsied diabetic subjects with an albumin excretion rate exceeding 100 mg/24 h were found to have diabetic glomerulosclerosis, while the rest had a normal finding. In long-term diabetic subjects the prevalence of nonspecific, background and proliferative retinopathies were present in 40%, 31%, and 8%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: O R
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Wirta
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Pasternack
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Oksa
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Mustonen
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Koivula
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Helin
authors.forename: Y E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Lähde
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000453:epidemiology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014636:Valsalva Maneuver
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin