title: Somatic hypermutation.
abstract: For the generation of secondary response antibodies, immunoglobulin genes are subjected to hypermutation. Cells expressing antibodies with higher affinity are then selected by antigen. Recent clues to the mechanism of hypermutation come from experiments using transgenic mice enabling analysis of the controlling cis-acting elements and the intrinsic features of the hypermutation, dissociated from the effects of antigenic selection.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Neuberger
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Milstein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin; D006801:Humans; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation
chemical_list: D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region