title: Goosecoid is not an essential component of the mouse gastrula organizer but is required for craniofacial and rib development.
abstract: Goosecoid (gsc) is an evolutionarily conserved homeobox gene expressed in the gastrula organizer region of a variety of vertebrate embryos, including zebrafish, Xenopus, chicken and mouse. To understand the role of gsc during mouse embryogenesis, we generated gsc-null mice by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells. Surprisingly, gsc-null embryos gastrulated and formed the primary body axes; gsc-null mice were born alive but died soon after birth with numerous craniofacial defects. In addition, rib fusions and sternum abnormalities were detected that varied depending upon the genetic background. Transplantation experiments suggest that the ovary does not provide gsc function to rescue gastrulation defects. These results demonstrate that gsc is not essential for organizer activity in the mouse but is required later during embryogenesis for craniofacial and rib cage development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rivera-Pérez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mallo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gendron-Maguire
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gridley
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Behringer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000196:embryology*; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death; D005775:Gastrula / Q000502:physiology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D018390:Gene Targeting; D005801:Genes, Homeobox; D051956:Goosecoid Protein; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D012272:Ribs / Q000196:embryology*; D012886:Skull / Q000196:embryology*; D014157:Transcription Factors
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051956:Goosecoid Protein; C497993:Gsc protein, mouse; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors