title: Analysis of lymphocyte costimulation in vivo using transgenic and 'knockout' mice.
abstract: The use of transgenic technologies in the functional evaluation of the contributions of costimulatory pathways to T-cell activation in vivo has recently undergone a rapid expansion. During the past two years, mice deficient in costimulatory molecules and their receptors have been generated. These mice have revealed novel and critical in vivo functions of costimulatory pathways and have provided valuable models in which to test therapeutic strategies involving costimulatory pathway blockade. Transgenic mice constitutively expressing costimulatory molecules have provided insights into their role in peripheral tolerance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Sharpe
mesh_terms: D000069594:Abatacept; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D018845:CD11 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D018821:CD18 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D018801:CD2 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D018968:CD58 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000276:immunology; D002450:Cell Communication; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D039041:Integrin alpha4beta1; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000276:immunology; D016023:Integrins / Q000276:immunology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout / Q000276:immunology*; D008822:Mice, Transgenic / Q000276:immunology*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D016201:Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing / Q000276:immunology; D016029:Receptors, Very Late Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D018845:CD11 Antigens; D018821:CD18 Antigens; D018801:CD2 Antigens; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D019013:CD40 Antigens; D018968:CD58 Antigens; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C556707:Ctla4 protein, mouse; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D039041:Integrin alpha4beta1; D019012:Integrin beta1; D016023:Integrins; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D016201:Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing; D016029:Receptors, Very Late Antigen; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D000069594:Abatacept