title: Craniofacial deformities associated with juvenile hyperthyroidism.
abstract: Three juvenile cases of thyrotoxic craniosynostosis are reported. Two patients had small heads with posterior slanted foreheads. Skull expansion was performed in one patient. Various degrees of ocular proptosis and shallow orbits without enlargement of the extraocular muscles were seen in all cases. Zygomatic repositioning for zygomatic hypoplasia and exophthalmos was performed in two patients. The facial skeleton was involved in thyrotoxic craniosynostosis in these children, and their clinical features seemed to resemble craniofacial dysostosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005546:Forehead / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000150:complications*; D009915:Orbit / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D013971:Thyrotoxicosis / Q000150:complications; D015050:Zygoma / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery