title: Serum levels of soluble cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin) and of cytokine TNF-alpha increase during interleukin-2 therapy.
abstract: Circulating levels of soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin were measured in 20 advanced cancer patients at different times during recombinant interleukin-2 immunotherapy. The concentration of all three molecules progressively increased as did the levels of circulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), which is known to induce endothelial cell activation. A fair direct relationship (but not statistically significant) between the raised concentration of soluble cell adhesion molecules and TNF-alpha was observed. We suggest that elevated levels of soluble adhesion molecules and TNF-alpha in the blood of IL-2-treated patients may arise from a systemic inflammatory reaction producing endothelial cell activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, Scientific Institute H San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fortis
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Galli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Consogno
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Citterio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Matteucci
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Scaglietti
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bucci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects*; D019040:E-Selectin; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012995:Solubility; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis* / Q000187:drug effects; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019040:E-Selectin; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1