title: Combined antitumor effects of TNF and G-CSF on a human medulloblastoma xenograft line.
abstract: The antitumor effects of TNF and G-CSF on a xenograft line of human medulloblastoma were examined. (Method):1) A human medulloblastoma xenograft line was transplanted into nude mice. Tumor bearing nude mice were divided into the following eight groups: untreated controls (C); those receiving a subcutaneous injection of G-CSF for one week (G1); for four weeks (G2); those receiving an intratumoral injection of TNF for four weeks (Tit); an intravenous injection of TNF (Tiv); those receiving a combination of G1 and Tit (G1 + Tit); a combination of G2 and Tit (G2 + Tit); and a combination of G2 and Tiv (T2 + Tiv). The relative tumor weight in each group was calculated and any antitumor effects were examined by calculating a tumor growth inhibition ratio. 2) Tumor bearing nude mice were divided into the following two groups: those receiving a subcutaneous injection of G-CSF and an intravenous injection of TNF (G+T); and only an intravenous injection of TNF (T). We evaluated the pathological findings from the tumors at 0 h, 0.5 h, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after the TNF injection. Routine H.E. staining and immunostaining using antigranulocyte and antimacrophage antibodies were performed. (Results): 1) The tumor growth inhibition ratio was 0.112, 0.190, 0.287, 0.451, 0.347, 0.635, and 0.622 at G1, G2, Tit, Tiv, G1 + Tit, G2 + Tit, G2 + Tiv group. A combined antitumor effect was clearly seen in the G2 + Tit and the G2 + Tiv groups. 2) The tumor was fragmented by the infiltration of many inflammatory cells 24 hours after TNF injection. Many more macrophages were observed in the tumors of G+T mice than in the T mice. Granulocytes were observed only in the tumors of the G+T mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uozumi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurisu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawamoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kiya
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogasawara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mikami
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Monden
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D008527:Medulloblastoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor