title: [Bactericidal activity of 6 antibiotics and 3 combinations against 6 strains of Salmonella isolated from blood].
abstract: The bactericidal activity of 6 antibiotics and 3 combinations was evaluated against 6 Salmonella strains isolated from blood: 3 sensitive to all antibiotics tested (1 Salmonella Typhi, 1 Salmonella Paratyphi A et 1 Salmonella Enteritidis) and 3 harbouring a TEM penicillinase (1 Salmonella Typhi, 1 Salmonella Virchow et 1 Salmonella Typhimurium). MICs of 6 antibiotics, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, ciprofloxacin, amikacin and chloramphenicol were determined by microdilution method in Mueller Hinton broth. The bactericidal activity of these antibiotics and 3 combinations (ciprocloxacin + ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin + amikacin and ceftriaxone + amikacin) was determined by the killing curve method with 10(6) cfu/ml inocula and 4 x MIC for antibiotics concentrations. Chloramphenicol, only tested on typho-paratyphi strains, had only a bacteriostatic effect at 24 hours. Amikacin and ciprofloxacin had a faster and better bactericidal activity than cephalosporins. Combinations were either additive or synergistic. Those including amikacin had the best results, but any can be proposed for initial treatment of severe Salmonella infections in immunosuppressed patients.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie, HIA du Val-de-Grâce, Paris, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chevalier
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Cavallo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meyran
mesh_terms: D000583:Amikacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002438:Cefoperazone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D002701:Chloramphenicol; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D002438:Cefoperazone; D000583:Amikacin; D002439:Cefotaxime
vernacular_title: Activité bactéricide de six antibiotiques et de trois associations sur six souches de salmonelles isolées d'hémoculture.