title: Characterization of recombinant E. coli ATCC 11303 (pLOI 297) in the conversion of cellulose and xylose to ethanol.
abstract: This work describes the characterization of recombinant Escherichia coli ATCC 11303 (pLOI 297) in the production of ethanol from cellulose and xylose. We have examined the fermentation of glucose and xylose, both individually and in mixtures, and the selectivity of ethanol production under various conditions of operation. Xylose metabolism was strongly inhibited by the presence of glucose. Ethanol was a strong inhibitor of both glucose and xylose fermentations; the maximum ethanol levels achieved at 37 degrees C and 42 degrees C were about 50 g/l and 25 g/l respectively. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of cellulose with recombinant E. coli and exogenous cellulose showed a high ethanol yield (84% of theoretical) in the hydrolysis regime of pH 5.0 and 37 degrees C. The selectivity of organic acid formation relative to that of ethanol increased at extreme levels of initial glucose concentration; production of succinic and acetic acids increased at low levels of glucose (< 1 g/l), and lactic acid production increased when initial glucose was higher than 100 g/l.
authors.affiliation: Alternative Fuels Division, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Padukone
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: McMillan
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Wyman
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism; D019342:Acetic Acid; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism*; D004274:DNA, Recombinant; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007773:Lactates / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019344:Lactic Acid; D013386:Succinates / Q000378:metabolism; D019802:Succinic Acid; D014994:Xylose / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D004274:DNA, Recombinant; D007773:Lactates; D013386:Succinates; D019344:Lactic Acid; D000431:Ethanol; D002482:Cellulose; D014994:Xylose; D019802:Succinic Acid; D005947:Glucose; D019342:Acetic Acid