Neuropeptide messenger plasticity in the CNS neurons following axotomy.
Neuronal peptides exert neurohormonal and neurotransmitter (neuromodulator) functions in the central nervous system (CNS). Besides these functions, a group of neuropeptides may have a capacity to create cell proliferation, growth, and survival. Axotomy induces transient (1-21 d) upregulation of synthesis and gene expression of neuropeptides, such as galanin, corticotropin releasing factor, dynorphin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, cholecystokinin, angiotensin II, and neuropeptide Y. These neuropeptides are colocalized with "classic" neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, aspartate, glutamate) or neurohormones (vasopressin, oxytocin) that are downregulated by axotomy in the same neuronal cells. It is more likely that neuronal cells, in response to axotomy, increase expression of neuropeptides that promote their survival and regeneration, and may downregulate substances related to their transmitter or secretory activities.
Palkovits
M
M
Laboratory of Neuromorphology, Semmelweis Medical University, Budapest, Hungary.
D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000166:cytology*; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000502:physiology; D020209:Cranial Nerve Injuries; D003714:Denervation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008297:Male; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D051381:Rats; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D014628:Vagotomy
D009479:Neuropeptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone