title: [Study on the relationship between uterine bleeding with intrauterine device and viral infection].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the relationship between uterine bleeding with intrauterine device (IUD) and virus infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Virus isolation from endometrium samples both with IUD and without IUD was performed with rabbit kidney cell. The cell pathogen effect (CPE) directed the positive isolation. All isolated viruses were further identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and by neutralizing test for herpes simplex virus type II (HSV-II).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The endometrial samples were obtained from four groups: 113 patients with uterine bleeding with IUD; 109 healthy women, without uterine bleeding with IUD; 24 healthy women without IUD and 11 patients with uterine bleeding without IUD. The rates of virus isolation in four groups mentioned above were 59.29%, 19.27%, 16.67% and 63.64% respectively. The positive rates for HCMV and HSV-II in the four groups were 38.81%, 19.05%, 1/4, 3/7 and 23.88%, 23.87%, 1/4, 0.00% respectively. The unidentified viruses were 37.31%, 57.14%, 2/4 and 4/7 respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results showed that some endometrial samples from both the bleeding groups and the controls were infected by HCMV and HSV-II. The incidence of virus infection in women with uterine bleeding with IUD was much higher than that of the controls, but similar to that is the patients with uterine bleeding without IUD. The results suggested that IUD could activate latent viruses (HCMV, HSV-II) infection and induce bleeding in certain conditions.
authors.affiliation: First Teaching Hospital, Norman Bethune University of Medical Sciences, Changchun.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections; D004717:Endometrium / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D006558:Herpes Genitalis; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011817:Rabbits; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000821:virology*