title: Pharmacokinetics of reboxetine in healthy volunteers. Single oral doses, linearity and plasma protein binding.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of reboxetine, a new antidepressant agent, were found to be close to linear in a crossover study comparing administration of single 2, 3, 4, and 5 mg capsule doses in 15 healthy male volunteers, and in the same study the capsules were bioequivalent to the proposed therapeutic tablet formulation (4 mg). Kinetic analysis was based on HPLC assay of reboxetine in plasma and urine collected up to 72 h after each administration. Plasma levels indicated a rapid absorption (tmax approximately equal to 2 h) and an elimination half-life of about 13 h. Clearance and volume of distribution were modest (ratios to bioavailability: CL/F approximately equal to 29 mL min-1; Vz/F approximately equal to 32 L); urinary excretion was approximately 9% of dose, corresponding to a renal clearance of only 3 mL min-1 (a value consistent with the rate of glomerular filtration of unbound drug). In vitro, binding to plasma proteins, estimated from radioactivity levels following dialysis of 14C-labelled reboxetine, appeared to be dominated by alpha 1-acid glycoprotein without marked saturation up to plasma concentrations of over 500 ng mL-1 (2.8-3.1% unbound with human plasma from three additional volunteers; 1.8-2.0% for 2 gL-1 orosomucoid alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, and 46.4-47.4% for 40 g L-1 albumin), whilst the mean Cmax in the current study was much lower (164 ng mL-1 after a 5mg dose).
authors.affiliation: Pharmacia-Farmitalia Carlo Erba, Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pellizzoni
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Breuel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berardi
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Castelli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frigerio
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Poggesi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rocchetti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dubini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strolin Benedetti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002214:Capsules; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009025:Morpholines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000077593:Reboxetine; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013607:Tablets; D013810:Therapeutic Equivalency
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D001798:Blood Proteins; D002214:Capsules; D009025:Morpholines; D013607:Tablets; D000077593:Reboxetine