title: Proximal migration and subcutaneous coiling of a peritoneal catheter: report of two cases.
abstract: The authors report two cases with a rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The peritoneal catheters migrated upward to the scalp and to the clavicular area. In one case, the whole length of the peritoneal catheter was pulled out from the peritoneal cavity and was coiled subcutaneously. Both of the patients had the habit of head rotation and one of the patients had a history of subcutaneous fluid collection at the site of coiling. At surgery, whitish inflammatory granulation tissues were noted around the catheter in both cases, which might act as an anchoring point for the "windlass effect".
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Korea.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D002968:Clavicle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D005548:Foreign-Body Migration / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D011859:Radiography; D012086:Reoperation; D012535:Scalp / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D017287:Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt / Q000295:instrumentation*