title: Benign biliary strictures: repair and outcome with a contemporary approach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Hepp-Couinaud technique is an innovative approach for repair of proximal biliary strictures. We have used this method selectively for bile duct reconstruction since 1982. Our aim was to analyze our experience with the surgical repair of benign biliary strictures in the decade since the Hepp-Couinaud technique has become an integral component of our surgical management strategy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-two patients undergoing surgical repair of benign biliary stricture between 1983 and 1992 were reviewed retrospectively. A grading system on clinical symptoms, results of liver function studies, and need for reintervention was used to assess outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the 27 patients with noniatrogenic strictures, followed up a mean of 3.9 years, excellent or good results (grade A or B) were obtained in 88.9%. For the 45 patients with iatrogenic strictures, followed up a mean of 4.6 years, 86.7% were categorized as grade A or B. The cumulative probability of anastomotic failure was significantly less for the 21 patients in whom the Hepp-Couinaud method was used when compared with the 24 patients in whom it was not (p = 0.032). Outcome was not influenced by age, time delay from injury to reconstruction, preoperative stenting, the number of previous repairs, or the duration of postoperative stenting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical reconstruction affords excellent or good results for the vast majority of patients with benign biliary strictures. For proximal iatrogenic strictures superior anastomotic durability is achieved with the Hepp-Couinaud technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Farnell
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Nagorney
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ilstrup
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kutch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000601:surgery*; D001662:Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D002761:Cholangitis / Q000150:complications; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000150:complications; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D015993:Life Tables; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000150:complications; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome