title: Auditory sensory ("echoic") memory dysfunction in schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies of working memory dysfunction in schizophrenia have focused largely on prefrontal components. This study investigated the integrity of auditory sensory ("echoic") memory, a component that shows little dependence on prefrontal functioning.
  
  
  METHODS
  Echoic memory was investigated in 20 schizophrenic subjects and 20 age- and IQ-matched normal comparison subjects with the use of nondelayed and delayed tone matching.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Schizophrenic subjects were markedly impaired in their ability to match two tones after an extremely brief delay between them (300 msec) but were unimpaired when there was no delay between tones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Working memory dysfunction in schizophrenia affects brain regions outside the prefrontal cortex as well as within.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Bronx Psychiatric Center, NY 10461, USA.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Strous
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cowan
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Javitt
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D001303:Auditory Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D010897:Pitch Discrimination; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology