title: Sexual differentiation of the human hypothalamus in relation to gender and sexual orientation.
abstract: Recently, sex differences in the structures of the human hypothalamus and adjacent brain structures have been observed that seem to be related to gender, to gender problems such as transsexuality, and to sexual orientation, that is, heterosexuality and homosexuality. Although these observations have yet to be confirmed, and their exact functional implications are far from clear, they open up a whole new field of physiological structural-functional relationships in human brain research that has so far focused mainly on such relationships in pathology.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School Neurosciences, Institute for Brain Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Swaab
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hofman
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000502:physiology*; D012733:Sex Differentiation