title: Postprandial lipid and hormone responses to meals of varying fat contents: modulatory role of lipoprotein lipase?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Substrate and hormone responses to meals of differing fat content were evaluated in normal subjects in order to investigate mechanisms underlying the regulation of postprandial lipoprotein concentration.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomised cross-over study with three different meals on three occasions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Free-living subjects associated with Surrey University.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten male volunteers (aged 18-23 years) were recruited.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three test meals containing 20, 40 or 80 g fat but identical carbohydrate and protein content were randomly allocated to volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pre- and postprandial blood samples were taken for the analysis of plasma triacylglycerol, non-esterified fatty acids, glucose, immunoreactive insulin and glucose-dependent insulinotrophic polypeptide levels and postheparin lipoprotein lipase activity measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peak triacylglycerol concentrations and lipoprotein lipase activity measurements were significantly higher following the 80 g than the 20 g fat meal (P = 0.009 and P = 0.049 respectively). Areas under the glucose-dependent insulinotrophic polypeptide time-response concentration curves were significantly higher following the 80 g compared with the 20 g fat meal (P = 0.04), but no differences in insulin response to the meals were seen. The 30-360 min decrease in the non-esterified fatty acid concentration was less following the 80 g than the 20 g meal (P = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that glucose-dependent insulinotrophic polypeptide may mediate increased lipoprotein lipase activity in response to fat-containing meals and may play a role in circulating lipoprotein homeostasis. This mechanism may be overloaded with high fat meals with adverse consequences on circulating triacylglycerol and NEFA concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Isherwood
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sethi
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Gould
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Knapper
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood*; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000097:blood; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase