title: Dysphagia due to secondary achalasia as an early manifestation of squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: A 59-year-old man, a smoker, presented with features of airflow obstruction due to squamous cell carcinoma of central airways mimicking chronic obstructive airways disease. He also had pronounced dysphagia. Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging scans showed mediastinal tumour invasion but no direct oesophageal involvement. Oesophageal manometry studies revealed that dysphagia was due to the oesophageal motility disorder, secondary achalasia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiorespiratory, Hope Hospital, Salford, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Makker
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chisholm
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Rate
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bancewicz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bernstein
mesh_terms: D001984:Bronchial Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004931:Esophageal Achalasia / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged