title: Proposal of a working left heart model with a heterotopic transplantation technique in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A heterotopically transplanted rat heart model described by Ono and Lindsey in 1969 has been widely used as a fundamental animal model of heart transplantation. However this "nonworking" model is greatly different from the orthotopic heart in view of left ventricular work, in which the experimental results obtained may not always reflect the clinical setting with an orthotopic transplanted "working" heart. We herein propose a new "working" left heart model in rats using a heterotopic abdominal transplantation technique by modifying the method of Ono and Lindsey.
  
  
  METHODS
  First, a donor heart graft and a recipient were prepared in the conventional fashion. Second, the donor heart was tailored by the ligation of main pulmonary artery and the removal of tricuspid valve and interatrial septum. Third, the ascending aorta and right atrium of the donor heart were anastomosed to the infrarenal abdominal aorta and to the inferior vena cava of the recipient, respectively. Consequently, the left atrium and ventricle of heart graft were loaded with the blood from the right atrium through the interatrial communication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This surgical procedure required an average of 58 minutes and had negligible operative risk. The donor left ventricle produced a systolic blood pressure almost equal to the recipient's aortic pressure and maintained vigorous beat.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This model is easily reproducible and would be useful for various studies on heart transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohmi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakame
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tabayashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mohri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal; D016279:Atrial Function, Left / Q000502:physiology; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000379:methods* / Q000502:physiology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D013599:Systole / Q000502:physiology; D016042:Transplantation, Heterotopic / Q000379:methods* / Q000502:physiology; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology