title: Efficacy and safety of pravastatin in the treatment of patients with type I or type II diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with type I and type II diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of coronary heart disease. In many diabetics, hypercholesterolemia is present and further exacerbates this risk. We investigated the efficacy and safety of pravastatin in the treatment of patients with type I or type II diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this 24-week, multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 94 patients (45 men, 49 women), 18 to 70 years of age, with type I or type II diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia (fasting plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] levels > 150 mg/dL and above the 75th percentile for the US population by age and gender) were randomized to receive pravastatin 20 mg hs or matching placebo. Two patients were randomized to treatment with drug for every 1 randomized to placebo. The dose could be doubled after 10 weeks, and cholestyramine or colestipol could be added after 18 weeks, as needed, to attempt to lower the LDL-C levels to below the 50th percentile for the US population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant reductions in LDL-C (-27.6%), total cholesterol (-22.1%), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-22.6%), and triglycerides (-12.8%) (P < or = 0.001 versus placebo for all reductions), and significant increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (4.4%) (P < or = 0.05 versus placebo) were noted in the pravastatin treatment group (average dose 29.5 mg) at 16 weeks. The beneficial lipid-lowering effects of pravastatin were maintained throughout the 24 weeks of the study. Pravastatin was well tolerated, and the frequency of side effects was similar in the pravastatin and placebo groups. No clinically significant changes in the control of diabetes, as assessed by fasting blood glucose levels and glycosylated hemoglobin measurements, were seen during this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study demonstrate that pravastatin is well tolerated and effective in lowering total cholesterol and LDL-C in patients with type I or type II diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Dallas, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Raskin
authors.forename: O P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Ganda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Willard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosenstock
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Lodewick
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Cressman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Phillipson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: McGovern
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D017035:Pravastatin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D008055:Lipids; D017035:Pravastatin