Characterization and localization of the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain in Aspergillus nidulans.
Migration of nuclei throughout the mycelium is essential for the growth and differentiation of filamentous fungi. In Aspergillus nidulans, the nudA gene, which is involved in nuclear migration, encodes a cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain. In this paper we use antibodies to characterize the Aspergillus cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain (ACDHC) and to show that the ACDHC is concentrated at the growing tip of the fungal mycelium. We demonstrate that four temperature-sensitive mutations in the nudA gene result in a striking decrease in ACDHC protein. Cytoplasmic dynein has been implicated in nuclear division in animal cells. Because the temperature-sensitive nudA mutants are able to grow slowly with occasional nuclei found in the mycelium and are able to undergo nuclear division, we have created a deletion/disruption nudA mutation and a tightly downregulated nudA mutation. These mutants exhibit a phenotype very similar to that of the temperature-sensitive nudA mutants with respect to growth, nuclear distribution, and nuclear division. This suggests that there are redundant backup motor proteins for both nuclear migration and nuclear division.
Xiang
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University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Department of Pharmacology, Piscataway 08854-5635, USA.
Roghi
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Morris
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D000908:Antibodies, Fungal; D001233:Aspergillus nidulans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development; D001483:Base Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000737:chemistry*; D004398:Dyneins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D007211:Indoles; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis; D010641:Phenotype; D013194:Staining and Labeling
D000908:Antibodies, Fungal; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D007211:Indoles; C007293:DAPI; D004398:Dyneins; C096113:NUDA protein, Emericella nidulans