title: [Post-surgical or traumatic anal incontinences. Prospective study in 40 patients explorated by endorectal ultrasonography and electromyography].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Anal endosonography is used to assess anal canal structure and external anal sphincter. The purpose of this study was to compare findings at anal endosonography with electromyographic tests in patients with faecal incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourty patients (31 women; median age: 47 years) were referred for exploration of the anal sphincter: 15 patients had previous anal surgery, 16 patients had obstetrical trauma, 3 patients had accidental trauma, 6 women had obstetrical trauma and previous anal surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anal endosonography demonstrated an external sphincter defect in 19 patients (partial n = 4, complete n = 15); 18 of these patients had an electromyographic study: an external sphincter defect was demonstrated by mapping in 15 cases; 3 partial defects were not found. Eight patients had associated pudendal nerve terminal motor latency delayed due to neuropathic impairment of pudendal nerve. Surgery was performed in 12 patients; external sphincter lesion was confirmed in all cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anal endosonography and electromyography mapping easily recognize external sphincter disruption with high concordance. Partial defects are better diagnosed by anal endosonography. A study of pudendal nerve terminal motor latency is useful in the exploration of faecal incontinence because pudendal neuropathy occurs frequently in association with a sphincter defect.
authors.affiliation: Service de Chirurgie Digestive, CMC Foch, Suresnes.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aubert
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mosnier
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Amarenco
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Contou
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gallot
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guivarc'h
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malafosse
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D001004:Anus Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods*; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012421:Rupture; D014463:Ultrasonography
vernacular_title: Incontinences anales post-chirurgicales ou traumatiques. Etude prospective de 40 malades explorés par échographie endorectale et électromyographie.