title: Asymmetric segregation of the homeodomain protein Prospero during Drosophila development.
abstract: Asymmetric divisions that produce two distinct cells play fundamental roles in generating different cell types during development. In the Drosophila central nervous system, neural stem cells called neuroblasts divide unequally into another neuroblast and a ganglion mother cell which is subsequently cleaved into neurons. Correct gene expression of ganglion mother cells requires the transcription factor Prospero. Here we demonstrate the asymmetric segregation of Prospero on neuroblast division. Prospero synthesized in neuroblasts is retained in the cytoplasm and at mitosis is exclusively partitioned to ganglion mother cells, in which it is translocated to the nucleus. Differential segregation of Prospero was also found in the endoderm. We have identified a region in Prospero that is responsible for this event. The region shares a common motif with Numb, which also shows unequal segregation. We propose that asymmetric segregation of transcription factors is an intrinsic mechanism for establishing asymmetry in gene expression between sibling cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Neuroscience, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagoshi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nabeshima
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D004330:Drosophila / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D017952:Ganglia, Invertebrate / Q000166:cytology; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C073099:pros protein, Drosophila; D001616:beta-Galactosidase