title: Acetylcholinesterase in tentacles of Octopus vulgaris (Cephalopoda). Histochemical localization and characterization of a specific high salt-soluble and heparin-soluble fraction of globular forms.
abstract: Transverse sections of Octopus tentacles were stained for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. An intense staining, that was suppressed by preincubation in 10(-5) M eserine, was detected in a number of neuronal cells, nerve fibres and neuromuscular junctions of intrinsic muscles of the arm. Octopus acetylcholinesterase was found as two molecular forms: an amphiphilic dimeric form (G2) sensitive to phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C and a hydrophilic tetrameric (G4) form. Sequential solubilization revealed that a significant portion of both G2 and G4 forms was recovered only in a high salt-soluble fraction (1 M NaCl, no detergent), Heparin (2 mg/ml) was able to solubilize G2 and G4 forms with the same efficiency than 1 M NaCl. The solubilizing effect of heparin was concentration-dependent and was reduced by protamine (2 mg/ml). This suggests that heparin operates through the dissociation of ionic interactions existing in situ between globular forms of AChE and cellular or extracellular polyanionic components. Interaction of AChE molecular forms with heparin has been reported so far in only a few instances and its physiological meaning is uncertain. G2 and G4 forms, interacting or not with heparin, all belong to a single pharmacological class of AChE. This suggests the existence of a single AChE gene. Amphiphilic and hydrophilic subunits thus likely result either from the processing of a single AChE transcript by alternative splicing (as in vertebrate AChE) or from a post-translation modification of a single catalytic peptide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Talesa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grauso
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giovannini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rosi
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Toutant
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D009420:Nervous System / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D049831:Octopodiformes / Q000201:enzymology*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride; D006493:Heparin; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase