title: Effects of dietary protein, angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibition and mesangial overload on the progression of adriamycin-induced nephropathy.
abstract: Adriamycin, a commonly used antineoplastic antibiotic, induces glomerular lesions in rats, resulting in persistent proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis. We studied the effects of dietary protein and of an angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor on the progression of this nephropathy and the evolution of the histological lesions, as well as mesangial macromolecule flow. Adriamycin nephropathy was induced by injecting a single iv dose of adriamycin (3 mg/kg body weight) into the tail vein of male Wistar rats (weight, 180-200 g). In Experiment I animals with adriamycin-induced nephropathy were fed diets containing 6% (Low-Protein Diet Group = LPDG), 20% (Normal-Protein Diet Group = NPDG) and 40% (High-Protein Diet Group = HPDG) protein and were observed for 30 weeks. In Experiment II the rats with adriamycin nephropathy were divided into 2 groups: ADR, that received adriamycin alone, and ADR-ENA, that received adriamycin plus enalapril, an angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor. The animals were sacrificed after a 24-week observation period. Six hours before sacrifice the animals were injected with 131I-ferritin and the amount of 131I-ferritin in the glomeruli was measured. In Experiment III, renal histology was performed 4, 8 and 16 weeks after adriamycin injection. At the end of Experiment I the tubulointerstitial lesion index was 2 for LPDG, 8 for NPDG, and 7.5 for HPDG (P < 0.05); the frequency of glomerulosclerosis was 19 +/- 6.1% in LPDG, 42.6 +/- 6% in NPDG, and 54 +/- 9% in HPDG (P < 0.05); and proteinuria was 61.1 +/- 25 mg/24 h in LPDG, 218.7 +/- 27.5 mg/24 h in NPDG, and 324.5 +/- 64.8 mg/24 h in HPDG (P < 0.05). In Experiment II, at sacrifice, 24-h proteinuria was 189 +/- 16.1 mg in ADR, and 216 +/- 26.1 mg in ADR-ENA (P > 0.05); the tubulointerstitial lesion index was 5 for ADR, and 5 for ADR-ENA (P > 0.05); the frequency of glomerulosclerosis was 40 +/- 5.2% in ADR and 44 +/- 6% in ADR-ENA (P > 0.05); the amount of 131I-ferritin in the mesangium was 214.26 +/- 22.71 cpm/mg protein in ADR and 253.77 +/- 69.72 cpm/mg protein in ADR-ENA (P > 0.05). In Experiment III, sequential histological analysis revealed an acute tubulointerstitial cellular infiltrate at week 4, which was decreased at week 8. Tubular casts and dilatation were first seen at week 8 and increased at week 16 when few glomerular lesions were found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brasil.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barretti
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Viero
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Soares
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D004317:Doxorubicin