title: Effects of timolol, terbutaline and forskolin on IOP, aqueous humour formation and ciliary cyclic AMP levels in the bovine eye.
abstract: We have studied the effects of terbutaline, timolol, forskolin and 8-bromo cyclic AMP on aqueous humour formation, intraocular pressure and on ciliary epithelial cyclic AMP levels, either in presence or in absence of IBMX, using the bovine isolated arterially perfused eye, excised ciliary processes and cultured ciliary epithelium. Both terbutaline, a beta-adrenoceptor agonist, and timolol, a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, caused significant reduction in aqueous humour formation and intraocular pressure but produced no effect on ciliary epithelial cyclic AMP content in the absence of IBMX. Even a three times higher dose of terbutaline was entirely ineffective in producing any effect on ciliary cyclic AMP in the perfused eye. On the other hand, terbutaline at the IOP-reducing dose, produced a significant increase in cyclic AMP when injected after 30 min perfusion with IBMX. Incubation of excised ciliary processes or cultured ciliary epithelial cells with terbutaline (10(-6) to 10(-4) M) produced concentration-dependent increases in cyclic AMP, in both tissues, even in the absence of IBMX. Forskolin, which stimulates cyclic AMP synthesis without interacting with cell surface receptors, was found to produce highly significant increases in ciliary cyclic AMP content both in presence and in absence of IBMX but had no effect on aqueous humour formation in the isolated eye. IBMX perfused at concentrations of 1 mM or 10 microM had no effect on basal levels of ciliary cyclic AMP but the 1 mM concentration produced a marked and significant reduction in IOP. Direct application of 8-bromo cyclic AMP, a cell permeable analogue, more resistant to hydrolysis by phosphodiesterases, had also no effect on aqueous humour formation in the perfused eye. It is concluded that in the bovine arterially perfused eye, the correlation between the aqueous humour formation rate and ciliary epithelial cyclic AMP content is unclear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shahidullah
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Millar
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D010477:Perfusion; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D013726:Terbutaline / Q000494:pharmacology; D013999:Timolol / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D005576:Colforsin; D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; D013999:Timolol; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D013726:Terbutaline; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine