Transcriptional regulation of gene expression during adipocyte differentiation.
Cell culture models (e.g. 3T3-L1 cells) have been developed for studying the process of adipocyte differentiation. Differentiation can be induced by adding insulin-like growth factor I, glucocorticoid, fatty acids, and an agent that increases intracellular cAMP level. The adipocyte differentiation program is regulated by transcriptional activators such as CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBP alpha), peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor gamma 2 (PPAR gamma 2), fatty acid activated receptor (FAAR), and transcriptional repressors such as preadipocyte repressor element binding protein (PRE) and C/EBP undifferentiated protein (CUP). These transcription factors coordinate the expression of genes involved in creating and maintaining the adipocyte phenotype including the insulin-responsive glucose transporter (GLUT4), stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), and the fatty acid binding protein (422/aP2).
MacDougald
O A
OA
Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Lane
M D
MD
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D002450:Cell Communication; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015290:Second Messenger Systems
D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D004247:DNA; D000242:Cyclic AMP