title: Behavioral dysfunction and cognitive efficiency in male and female alcoholics.
abstract: This study was conducted to examine the role of childhood behavioral disorders (CBDs) and residual attention deficit disorder (ADDRT) in alcohol-related cognitive dysfunction in male and female subjects. Alcoholic (n = 44 females, 56 males) and control (n = 40 females, 40 males) subjects completed assessments that included measures of CBDs, ADDRT, and cognitive and psychosocial functioning. Cognitive tests were specifically designed to assess efficiency in function. As expected, alcoholics were inferior to controls in their cognitive efficiency [F(1,171) = 10.43, p = 0.0015]. Alcoholics reported more CBDs [F(1,161) = 12.02, p = 0.0007], regardless of sex. They also reported more ADDRT [F(1,173) = 44.12, p = 0.0001] than did controls. There were also sex [F(1,173) = 13.31, p = 0.0004] and group by sex effects [F(1,173) = 3.93, p = 0.05]. Female alcoholics reported more ADDRT symptoms than any other group. Regression equations conducted to clarify the relation between group, sex, CBDs, ADDRT, and cognitive efficiency indicated that the best predictor of cognitive efficiency was group classification (alcoholic versus control). That is, although symptoms of behavioral disorders were reported significantly more frequently by both male and female alcoholic subjects, these symptoms could not account for the cognitive impairment observed in either sex.
authors.affiliation: University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Nixon
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tivis
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Parsons
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012737:Sex Factors; D012919:Social Behavior; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol