title: Easier monitoring of aminoglycoside therapy with once-daily dosing schedules.
abstract: Little has been reported on serum levels attained using once-daily aminoglycoside regimens and their relation to dosage administered and renal function. Consecutive patients with serious infections were randomized to receive gentamicin 4 mg/kg q 24h i.v. (n = 69), gentamicin 1.33 mg/kg q 8h i.v. (n = 46) or netilmicin 5.5 mg/kg q 24h i.v. (n = 59) (with dose reduction in case of renal dysfunction). In the three groups, median first serum trough levels were 0.4, 1.0 and 0.4 mg/l, respectively, and median first serum peak levels were 9.5, 4.7 and 12.2 mg/l (p < 0.01 once-daily vs. thrice-daily regimens). Dose adjustment because of first trough concentrations of > 2 mg/l and/or peak concentrations of < 6 mg/l was required in 6%, 78% and 12% of patients, respectively. Second trough and peak concentrations were significantly higher in the thrice-daily gentamicin group; serum levels remained constant in the other two groups. The six patients in the once-daily groups who developed elevated trough levels later in therapy were characterized in most cases by a decline in renal function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Prins
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Koopmans
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Büller
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kuijper
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Speelman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009428:Netilmicin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins; D009428:Netilmicin