title: Cloning and expression of Stat5 and an additional homologue (Stat5b) involved in prolactin signal transduction in mouse mammary tissue.
abstract: Prolactin (PRL) induces transcriptional activation of milk protein genes, such as the whey acidic protein (WAP), beta-casein, and beta-lactoglobulin genes, through a signaling cascade encompassing the Janus kinase Jak2 and the mammary gland factor (MGF; also called Stat5), which belongs to the family of proteins of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT). We isolated and sequenced from mouse mammary tissue Stat5 mRNA and a previously unreported member, which we named Stat5b (Stat5 is renamed to Stat5a). On the protein level Stat5a and Stat5b show a 96% sequence similarity. The 5' and 3' untranslated regions of the two mRNAs are not conserved. Stat5a comprises 793 amino acids and is encoded by a mRNA of 4.2 kb. The Stat5b mRNA has a size of 5.6 kb and encodes a protein of 786 amino acids. Both Stat5a and Stat5b recognized the GAS site (gamma-interferon-activating sequence; TTCNNNGAA) in vitro and mediated PRL-induced transcription in COS cells transfected with a PRL receptor. Stat5b also induced basal transcription in the absence of PRL. Similar levels of Stat5a and Stat5b mRNAs were found in most tissues of virgin and lactating mice, but a differential accumulation of the Stat5 mRNAs was found in muscle and mammary tissue. The two RNAs are present in mammary tissue of immature virgin mice, and their levels increase up to day 16 of pregnancy, followed by a decline during lactation. The increase of Stat5 expression during pregnancy coincides with the activation of the WAP gene.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry and Metabolism, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gouilleux
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Groner
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hennighausen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008894:Milk Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000235:genetics; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008894:Milk Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; C494093:Stat5a protein, mouse; C494096:Stat5b protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators; D011388:Prolactin