title: Targeting cancer micrometastases with monoclonal antibodies: a binding-site barrier.
abstract: Monoclonal antibodies penetrate bulky tumors poorly after intravenous administration, in part because of specific binding to the target antigen. Experiments presented here demonstrate an analogous phenomenon in micrometastases; poor antibody penetration, attributable to a "binding-site barrier" phenomenon, can be seen in guinea pig micrometastases as small as 300 microns in diameter. Increasing the dose of antibody can partially overcome this limitation, but at a cost in specificity.
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Medicine Department, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saga
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heya
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kinuya
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Weinstein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001345:Autoradiography; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000628:therapy*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm