title: Simultaneous increases of extracellular monoamines in microdialysates from hypothalamus of conscious rats by duloxetine, a dual serotonin and norepinephrine uptake inhibitor.
abstract: Duloxetine (LY248686, [+]-N-methyl-3-(1-napthalenyloxy)-2-thiophene-propanamine) is a potent dual inhibitor of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) uptake in hypothalamus and cerebral cortex of rat brain (Wong et al. 1993; Fuller et al. 1994). Consistent with the dual mechanisms of inhibiting 5-HT and NE uptake, duloxetine at 15 mg/kg IP produced large increases in extracellular levels of 5-HT (250%) and NE (1,100%) 30 minutes after systemic administration. Levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylethyleneglycol (MHPG) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), metabolites of NE and 5-HT, respectively, were reduced, whereas those of dopamine (DA) and its metabolite 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were not significantly altered. Duloxetine at 7 mg/kg produced less pronounced increases while no consistent effects were observed at 4 mg/kg. In this dose range, duloxetine inhibited 5-HT uptake in platelets ex vivo without inhibiting striatal dopamine (DA) uptake. In the present study we also found that the primary amine (a racemate) of duloxetine is about one-fourth as active as duloxetine to inhibit 5-HT and NE uptake. The potential primary amine metabolite of duloxetine might contribute, in part, to the inhibition of 5-HT and NE uptake in vivo. Thus the ability to produce robust increases of extracellular 5-HT and NE levels suggests that duloxetine may potentially be a highly effective antidepressant agent.
authors.affiliation: Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Engleman
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Mayle
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines; D004298:Dopamine; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride; D009638:Norepinephrine; D012701:Serotonin; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; D013876:Thiophenes