title: Fasting serum insulin levels and coronary heart disease in a Danish cohort: 17-year follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to examine the association between the fasting serum insulin level and coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular disease in 40-year-old men and women.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1976, all of the men and women born in 1936 living in four municipalities in the County of Copenhagen were invited for a health examination. The participation rate was 87% (504 men and 548 women). All of the participants were followed through the Danish register of deaths and the register of hospital admissions until 1993.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After controlling for relevant risk factors (sex, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, smoking, triglycerides, body mass index, physical activity and alcohol consumption) the P value for the association between the insulin level and CHD or cardiovascular disease was found to be 0.002; the above risk factors did not appear to be intermediate variables in a causal chain from insulin level to the development of CHD or cardiovascular disease. The significant association between body mass index and CHD disappeared when the fasting insulin level was controlled for, and insulin seemed to be an intermediate factor between body mass index and CHD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fasting serum insulin level in both men and women is a very good predictor of the development of CHD and cardiovascular disease even after controlling for relevant confounding factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Møller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jespersen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin