title: Oxygen radical-induced single-strand DNA breaks and repair of the damage in a cell-free system.
abstract: Ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe(3+)-NTA) catalyzes hydrogen peroxide-derived production of hydroxyl radicals, which are known to cause DNA damage. In the present work, Fe(3+)-NTA plus hydrogen peroxide-induced single-strand DNA breaks and repair of the DNA damage were studied in vitro by monitoring DNA damage- and DNA repair-dependent conformational changes of pUC18 plasmid DNA. Single-strand DNA breaks were induced in the pUC18 DNA by Fe(3+)-NTA plus hydrogen peroxide in a dose-dependent fashion. Induction of the DNA damage was inhibited by deferoxamine mesylate (an iron chelator) and by hydroxyl radical scavengers such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), D-mannitol and ethanol indicating that the DNA damage was caused by hydroxyl radicals which were generated by reaction of Fe(3+)-NTA with hydrogen peroxide. The oxygen radical-induced single-strand DNA breaks were repaired partly (more than 50%) by incubating the damaged DNA at 37 degrees C for 3 h with a partially purified preparation of APEX nuclease (a multifunctional DNA repair enzyme), DNA polymerase beta, four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, T4 DNA ligase and ATP. Analyses of the partially purified preparation of APEX nuclease revealed that a 45-kDa protein as well as APEX nuclease in the preparation were involved in the repair of the single-strand DNA breaks. APEX nuclease was suggested to initiate the repair by removing 3' termini blocked by the nucleotide fragments and also by incising the 5' side of AP sites. The 45-kDa protein was suggested to be required for removal of the 5' tags such as 5'-terminal deoxyribose phosphate residues produced by the action of APEX nuclease on AP sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Okayama University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Sarker
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019757:Carbon-Oxygen Lyases; D002474:Cell-Free System; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D004249:DNA Damage; D004256:DNA Polymerase I / Q000378:metabolism; D004260:DNA Repair; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase; D003676:Deferoxamine / Q000737:chemistry; D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D009571:Nitrilotriacetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D010957:Plasmids; D012513:Sarcoma, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D004247:DNA; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D004256:DNA Polymerase I; D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases; D019757:Carbon-Oxygen Lyases; C486216:Apex1 protein, mouse; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase; D003676:Deferoxamine; D009571:Nitrilotriacetic Acid; C020326:ferric nitrilotriacetate