title: Expression of messenger RNA for amphiregulin, heregulin, and cripto-1, three new members of the epidermal growth factor family, in human breast carcinomas.
abstract: The expression of amphiregulin (AR), heregulin (HRG), and cripto-1 (CR-1) mRNA transcripts was assessed in 60 human primary breast carcinoma. AR and HRG transcripts were expressed respectively in 58% and 25% of the carcinomas as measured by Northern blot analysis. CR-1 mRNA was found in 77% of the carcinomas using Reverse Transcriptase-PCR analysis. Coexpression of two or three of these peptides was observed in several specimens. There was no significant association between AR, HRG, and CR-1 expression and nodal status, EGF receptor, or c-erbB-2 protooncogene expression in these tumors. However, a significant association between AR expression and estrogen receptor positivity was observed.
authors.affiliation: Servizio di Oncologia Sperimentale D, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori-Fondazione Pascale, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Normanno
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Plowman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Colletta
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ciardiello
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Salomon
mesh_terms: D066258:Amphiregulin; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D066255:EGF Family of Proteins; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D015870:Gene Expression; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020880:Neuregulins; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D066258:Amphiregulin; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D066255:EGF Family of Proteins; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006133:Growth Substances; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D020880:Neuregulins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; C587848:AREG protein, human; C070636:TDGF1 protein, human