title: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator for procedural pain associated with intravenous needlesticks.
abstract: Venipuncture continues to be considered a painful and unpleasant experience for those receiving medical treatment. A prospective study investigating whether the application of a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator (TENS) decreases the complaints of pain and unpleasantness with i.v. needle insertion was conducted using a group of 71 subjects who were double-blinded and randomized to one of three groups: TENS, placebo-TENS, and control. This article gives an overview of this research and describes its findings.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Coyne
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: MacMurren
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Izzo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kramer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D059408:Pain Management; D018962:Phlebotomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation