Ceftibuten: minimal inhibitory concentrations, postantibiotic effect and beta-lactamase stability--a rationale for dosing programs.
Ceftibuten, a new orally absorbed cephalosporin with a novel side chain, has broad in vitro activity against most of the important respiratory pathogens including Streptococcus pneumoniae and both beta-lactamase-negative and beta-lactamase-positive Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis. Furthermore it has high activity against Enterobacteriaceae, which contain classic TEM-1 beta-lactamases and those containing the new extended spectrum beta-lactamases, which hydrolyze parenteral third generation cephalosporins. Studies have shown that ceftibuten has a postantibiotic effect comparable to that of other beta-lactams against S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis. Blood levels achieved after a single 400-mg dose given once daily or 9 mg/kg/day taken once daily for children yield blood levels and postantibiotic inhibition for the majority of a dosing period. The in vitro and pharmacokinetic data can be correlated to provide reasonable dosing programs for the new oral cephalosporins.
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Division of Infectious Diseases, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D000077722:Ceftibuten; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism
D002511:Cephalosporins; D001618:beta-Lactamases; D000077722:Ceftibuten