title: Recognising drug and alcohol problems in patients referred to consultation-liaison psychiatry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the extent of recognition by referring doctors of drug and alcohol problems in patients referred to consultation-liaison psychiatry for any reason, and the factors associated with non-recognition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparison of referring doctors' reasons for referral and psychiatrists' DSM-III-R diagnoses in 2347 inpatients referred consecutively over three years, by means of the prospective MICROCARES clinical database used by the consultation-liaison psychiatry service of each hospital involved.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four general teaching hospitals of Monash University.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Psychiatrists considered a psychoactive substance use disorder diagnosis likely in 336 (14%) of the referred patients; referring doctors missed 188 (56%) of these, referring instead for "depression", "anxiety" and "suicide attempt evaluation". The factors correlating with this discordance included younger age, male sex, having a personality disorder diagnosed, and having attempted self-harm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The extent of the failure to identify drug and alcohol problems in patients in whom some psychological problem worthy of referral to psychiatry had been detected is symptomatic of the extent of this failure in medicine generally. Education and the use of screening procedures may lead to development of coherent drug and alcohol protocols in individual institutions.
authors.affiliation: Monash University Department of Psychological Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC.
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Handrinos
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications; D008875:Middle Aged; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection