title: Successful establishment of pregnancy by superovulation and intrauterine insemination with sperm recovered by a modified Hotchkiss procedure from a patient with retrograde ejaculation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve the quality of the sperm recovered from the bladder in a patient with retrograde ejaculation who already had failed to conceive after several attempts at IUI with sperm recovered by conventional techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  University Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A couple with male infertility due to retrograde ejaculation caused by the Zielke operation, a spinal fixation procedure performed to correct severe kyphoscoliosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Superovulation and IUI of sperm recovered from the bladder using a modified Hotchkiss procedure involving the introduction into the bladder of Earle's balanced salt solution (EBSS) buffered with Hepes in sufficient quantity to bring the urinary pH and osmolarity to those of fresh ejaculate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urine pH and osmolarity at baseline and after dilution with EBSS buffered with HEPES. Concentration, motility, and progression score of the sperm recovered from the bladder.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Good sperm samples were achieved. Pregnancy was established when IUI was performed in association with superovulation induction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Determination of urine pH and osmolarity appears to be a useful method for choosing the ideal sperm recovery procedure. The modified Hotchkiss procedure described seems to be a promising alternative method for recovering sperm for artificial insemination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology R, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ranieri
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Simonetti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vicino
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cormio
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Selvaggi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004542:Ejaculation / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D007738:Kyphosis / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology*; D013480:Superovulation / Q000502:physiology*; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000009:adverse effects; D001743:Urinary Bladder