title: Endogenous endophthalmitis simulating retinoblastoma. The 1993 David and Mary Seslen Endowment Lecture.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Among conditions that can simulate retinoblastoma, endogenous endophthalmitis is quite rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case records of six children with unusual forms of endogenous endophthalmitis, all of whom were referred to the authors because retinoblastoma was a strong diagnostic consideration, were reviewed. The clinical features that may help differentiate atypical endophthalmitis from retinoblastoma were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final diagnosis in these cases included idiopathic subretinal abscess, streptococcal endophthalmitis, idiopathic retinovitreal abscess, cytomegalovirus endophthalmitis, Candida endophthalmitis, and meningococcal endophthalmitis. All of the affected children presented primarily with ocular findings without serious systemic infection. Although these conditions closely simulated retinoblastoma, they were more likely to have signs of concurrent or prior inflammation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differentiation between infectious conditions and retinoblastoma can sometimes be difficult, but clues as to the diagnosis can be obtained from careful clinical examination.
authors.affiliation: Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Shields
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Shields
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Eagle
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Potter
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D015817:Eye Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005658:Fungi / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014780:Viruses / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000382:microbiology