title: Advantages of ivermectin at a single dose of 400 micrograms/kg compared with 100 micrograms/kg for community treatment of lymphatic filariasis in Polynesia.
abstract: In April and October in 1991-1993, 5 supervised single doses of ivermectin were given to inhabitants aged > or = 3 years in a Polynesian district: the first 3 treatments were with 100 micrograms/kg and the 2 latter with 400 micrograms/kg. At each treatment, about 97% of the eligible population (899) were treated and blood samples were collected just before treatment from 96% of the 613 inhabitants aged > or = 15 years. Following the 5 successive treatments, adverse reactions were observed in, respectively, 23.8, 13, 6.2, 13.6 and 7.9% of the microfilariae (mf) carriers, and in less than 1% of amicrofilaraemic subjects. Neither the frequency nor the intensity of adverse reactions was significantly different between single doses of 100 micrograms/kg and 400 micrograms/kg. Although the geometric mean microfilaraemia (GMM) was reduced, the mf carrier prevalence remained unchanged before and after 3 mass treatments with 100 micrograms/kg (21.4 and 20.7% respectively), and the mf recurrence rate 6 months after each dose of 100 micrograms/kg was roughly stable (respectively, 34.3%, 21.6% and 31.2% of the initial GMM). In contrast, after one dose round of 400 micrograms/kg, the mf carrier prevalence decreased significantly to 14.9% (P < 10(-6)), and the mf recurrence rate dropped to 9.9% (P < 10(-3)) of the initial GMM. These results confirm the safety and the effectiveness of 400 micrograms/kg of ivermectin for lymphatic filariasis control.
authors.affiliation: Institut Territorial de Recherches Médicales Louis Malardé, Papeete, Tahiti, Polynésie Française.
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Moulia-Pelat
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Glaziou
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cartel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003153:Community Health Services; D004605:Elephantiasis, Filarial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008842:Microfilariae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D011114:Polynesia
chemical_list: D007559:Ivermectin