title: Short-term and long-term effects of p-chloroamphetamine on hippocampal serotonin and corticosteroid receptor levels.
abstract: Hippocampal corticosteroid receptors are regulated by corticosterone as well as by neurotransmitters, such as serotonin (5-HT). Studies have demonstrated that long-term changes in 5-HT levels are associated with alterations in hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) number. However, the effect of short-term manipulations of 5-HT levels on hippocampal corticosteroid receptor levels has not been thoroughly investigated. The present set of studies examined the effect of para-chloroamphetamine (PCA) administration on both short-term and long-term regulation of hippocampal 5-HT and corticosteroid receptor levels. PCA is a selective serotonergic neurotoxin which initially releases 5-HT to cause a short-term depletion of 5-HT stores, followed by a long-term decrease in 5-HT levels which presumably reflects the destruction of 5-HT nerve terminals. In the initial study rats were adrenalectomized and 24 h later injected with PCA (20 mg/kg) and sacrificed 3 h later. PCA produced a large decrease in hippocampal 5-HT (-79%) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) (-40%) concentrations. In addition, PCA significantly decreased both hippocampal GR (-28%) and MR (-35%) levels. Pretreatment with fluoxetine (20 mg/kg), which presumably blocks the uptake of PCA into 5-HT nerve terminals, completely blocked the PCA-induced decreases in both 5-HT and corticosteroid receptor concentrations. In a final experiment, the long-term (7 days) effect of PCA administration on hippocampal 5-HT and corticosteroid receptor levels was examined. PCA (10 mg/kg given on 2 consecutive days) was administered to adrenal-intact rats which were adrenalectomized 6 days later and subsequently sacrificed following a 24 h interval. PCA produced an 87% decrease in hippocampal 5-HT and 5-HIAA levels, but did not alter hippocampal GR or MR levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Novotney
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Lowy
mesh_terms: D000315:Adrenalectomy; D000818:Animals; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000378:metabolism*; D018161:Receptors, Mineralocorticoid / Q000378:metabolism*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism*; D018490:Serotonin Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D010133:p-Chloroamphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D018161:Receptors, Mineralocorticoid; D018490:Serotonin Agents; D005473:Fluoxetine; D012701:Serotonin; D010133:p-Chloroamphetamine