title: Case-control study of risk factors for partial molar pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of our study was to identify risk factors for partial molar pregnancy from a woman's general, reproductive, and dietary history.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-five women with pathologically confirmed partial molar pregnancy were interviewed, and their experiences were compared with those of 130 age-matched control women who had successfully completed a pregnancy with delivery of a live infant at the same hospital during the same calendar period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariate analysis revealed that exposures which independently and significantly predicted increased risk for partial molar pregnancy included irregular cycles, pregnancy histories including only male infants among prior live births, and oral contraceptive use for > 4 years. Dietary factors previously postulated for complete molar pregnancy including protein, fat, vitamin A, or carotene were found not to be related to risk for partial molar pregnancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Epidemiologic patterns for complete and partial molar pregnancies appear to differ somewhat; risk for partial mole is associated with reproductive history but not dietary factors.
authors.affiliation: New England Trophoblastic Disease Center, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Berkowitz
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Harlow
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lage
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Cramer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003267:Contraception; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006828:Hydatidiform Mole / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008599:Menstruation Disturbances / Q000150:complications; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D014801:Vitamin A; D002338:Carotenoids