title: Predictors of early deterioration and mortality in black Americans with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Black Americans with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) may have unique clinical characteristics that affect outcome. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of clinical characteristics and initial CT scan for outcome in black Americans with SICH.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical and demographic data were extracted from the charts of 182 consecutive black Americans admitted for SICH diagnosed by clinical criteria and initial CT scan. Hemorrhage volumes were calculated from admission CT scans by a computerized method. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine independent predictors of early deterioration (defined as a decrease from an initial Glasgow Coma Scale score > 12 by > or = 4 points within 24 hours from presentation) and mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both hemorrhage volume and ventricular extension were significant, independent predictors of early deterioration (odds ratio [OR], 6.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.89 to 24.35 and OR, 4.67; 95% CI, 1.30 to 16.72, respectively) and mortality (OR, 6.66; 95% CI, 2.85 to 15.58 and OR, 4.23; 95% CI, 1.82 to 9.82, respectively). A Glasgow Coma Scale score < or = 12 also predicted mortality (OR, 3.23; 95% CI, 1.46 to 7.14). Initial mean arterial pressure was not an independent predictor of early deterioration or mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hemorrhage volume and ventricular extension are the best predictors of early deterioration and mortality in black Americans with SICH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA., USA.
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Safdar
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weil
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barch
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Bliwise
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Colohan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mackay
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Frankel
mesh_terms: D044383:Black People; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002423:Cause of Death; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014695:Cerebral Ventriculography; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011379:Prognosis; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001741:Black or African American