title: Xylitol-induced increase in the concentration of oxypurines and its mechanism.
abstract: We investigated the effect of xylitol on the plasma concentration and the urinary excretion of purine bases, 5-hydroxypyrazinamide and 5-hydroxypyrazinoic acid in subjects who had ingested pyrazinamide (60 mg/kg weight). One liter of 10% xylitol was infused intravenously over 2 hours to 5 subjects to whom pyrazinamide had been administered 10 hours before. Xylitol increased the plasma concentration of uric acid, hypoxanthine and xanthine, the urinary excretion of hypoxanthine and a ratio of lactic acid/pyruvic acid in blood, while it decreased the plasma concentration and the urinary excretion of inorganic phosphate, 5-hydroxypyrazinamide and 5-hydroxypyrazinoic acid. These results suggested that in addition to an increase in purine degradation by xylitol, xylitol-induced increase in the cytosolic NADH inhibited xanthine dehydrogenase activity in the liver and the small intestine.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Moriwaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higashino
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019271:Hypoxanthine; D007042:Hypoxanthines / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007288:Inosine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009243:NAD / Q000494:pharmacology; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood; D011718:Pyrazinamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D011773:Pyruvates / Q000097:blood; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D019820:Xanthine; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D014970:Xanthines / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D014993:Xylitol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007042:Hypoxanthines; D007773:Lactates; D010710:Phosphates; D011773:Pyruvates; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic; D012709:Serum Albumin; D014970:Xanthines; D009243:NAD; C032191:5-hydroxypyrazinamide; D019820:Xanthine; D014527:Uric Acid; D011718:Pyrazinamide; D019271:Hypoxanthine; D019344:Lactic Acid; C054996:5-hydroxypyrazinoic acid; D007288:Inosine; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase; D014993:Xylitol