title: Aspects of immunity for the AMA-1 family of molecules in humans and non-human primates malarias.
abstract: The apical membrane antigen (AMA-1) family of malaria merozoite proteins is characterised by a high degree of inter-species conservation. Evidence that the protein (PK66/AMA-1) from the simian parasite Plasmodium knowlesi was protective in rhesus monkeys suggested that the 83kDa P. falciparum equivalent (PF83/AMA-1) should be investigated for protective effects in humans. Here we briefly review pertinent comparative data, and describe the use of an eukaryotic full length recombinant PF83/AMA-1 molecule to develop a sensitive ELISA for the determination of serological responses in endemic populations. The assay has revealed surprisingly high levels of humoral response to this quantitatively minor antigen. We also show that PK66/AMA-1 inhibitory mAb's are active against merozoites subsequent to release from schizont-infected red cells, further implicating AMA-1 molecules in red cell invasion.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Parasitology, BPRC-TNO, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Narum
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Waters
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Trape
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rogier
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rosario
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Druilhe
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dennis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000276:immunology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D010961:Plasmodium / Q000276:immunology*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000276:immunology; D016790:Plasmodium knowlesi / Q000276:immunology; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; C090077:apical membrane antigen I, Plasmodium