title: Major determinants of survival and nonsurvival of intraaortic balloon pumping.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to find the major determinants of survival and nonsurvival after intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) support. One hundred twenty-nine consecutive patients with IABP support from January 1988 to January 1992 were analyzed retrospectively. Differences between the survival and nonsurvival groups were tested with the Student's t test, chi-squared test, and frequency analysis. The overall survival rate was 50.4% (65 of 129). Nonsurvivors (64 of 129, 49.6%) had higher rates of chronic heart failure (21.9% vs 9.2%, p < 0.05), acute myocardial infarction (53.1% vs 24.6%, p < 0.01), cardiomyopathy (9.4% vs 1.5%, p < 0.05), New York Heart Association functional class IV (51.6% vs 13.9%, p < 0.01), and depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (29.38% +/- 8.99% vs 42.88% +/- 5.24%, mean +/- SD, p < 0.01). The nonsurvival group also had longer duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (115.80 +/- 24.43 vs 78.34 +/- 3.81 min, mean +/- SEM, p < 0.02) and aortic occlusion (57.55 +/- 13.03 vs 41.00 +/- 2.79 min, mean +/- SEM, p < 0.05) than the survival group. The major determinants of death after IABP are acute myocardial infarction, left ventricular ejection fraction < 30%, New York Heart Association functional class IV, and longer duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic occlusion. IABP is effective in sustaining hemodynamics, but severe myocardial pump failure portends a poor treatment outcome.
authors.affiliation: Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pi
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Block
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Diethrich
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007423:Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017741:Survivors; D013997:Time Factors