title: Inhibitory effects of a bisphosphonate (risedronate) on experimental periodontitis in rats.
abstract: The present study was designed to examine whether systemic administration of a bisphosphonate, risedronate, could prevent alveolar bone resorption in rats with experimental periodontitis. On Day 1, an elastic ring was placed around the neck of the right mandibular 1st molar to induce inflammatory periodontitis. The animals were given daily injections of either 0.9% NaCl (control group), or 0.8, 1.6 or 3.2 mumoles/kg (s.c.) of risedronate (experimental groups) from Days 1 to 7, and were killed on Day 8. Histological examinations and determination of bone mineral density in the interdental area between the 1st and 2nd molars with an image analyzer revealed that the presence of the elastic ring induced a loss of attachment and bone resorption in the control group. Vigorous bone resorption, with appearance of a large number of osteoclasts, was observed in the interdental and bifurcation areas. In the experimental groups, however, the resorption of alveolar bone and the loss of bone mineral content in these areas were prevented in a dose-dependent fashion, especially at doses of 1.6 and 3.2 mumoles/kg. Many osteoclasts were detached from the surface of the alveolar bone and had degenerated appearances, such as rounded shapes, loss of polarity and pyknosis. These results suggest that administration of risedronate is effective in preventing bone resorption in periodontitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics and Periodontics, Tohoku University School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shoji
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Horiuchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shinoda
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002452:Cell Count; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D012968:Etidronic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D010010:Osteoclasts; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012044:Regression Analysis; D000068296:Risedronic Acid
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D000068296:Risedronic Acid; D012968:Etidronic Acid