title: Fragile-X and Down's syndrome: are there syndrome-specific cognitive profiles at low IQ levels?
abstract: Individuals with either fragile-X syndrome or Down's syndrome with IQ scores less than 40 were assessed on the Down Syndrome Mental Status Exam. The results of the testing were examined for syndrome-specific cognitive profiles. No evidence for syndrome-specific cognitive profiles were found. These same individuals were then classified as high or low IQ, and each group was examined for IQ-level-specific profiles. Unique IQ level cognitive profiles were found. Classifying the individuals with regard to aetiology obscured IQ-level-specific strengths and weaknesses. Researchers and developers of curricula are cautioned against generalizing cognitive profiles to all IQ levels of a specific genetic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Elwyin Inc., Pennsylvania, Elwyn, 19063, USA.
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Rappaport
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Papka
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Woodruff-Pak
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D004495:Education of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities; D005600:Fragile X Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged