Quantitative relationship of circulating p24 antigen with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA and specific antibody in HIV-infected subjects receiving antiretroviral therapy. The RV43 Study Group.
To better understand the biologic meaning and potential clinical utility of p24 antigen measurements in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, p24 antigen and antibody and HIV RNA were quantitated in parallel. Specimens (n = 311) were analyzed from 74 participants in a zidovudine treatment study. Parallel antigen and RNA measurements revealed the frequent occurrence of two types of discordant results. First, p24 antigen was often not detected in samples with high antibody levels even when > 10(6) RNA copies/mL were present. Second, in specimens in which p24 antigen was detected, the concentration was greater than expected on the basis of HIV RNA values. These results suggest that optimal use of serum p24 antigen values will require consideration of both specific antibody levels and non-virion associated antigen.
Brown
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AE
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
Vahey
M T
MT
Zhou
S Y
SY
Chung
R C
RC
Ruiz
N M
NM
Hofheinz
D
D
Lane
J R
JR
Mayers
D L
DL
D000328:Adult; D001483:Base Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000097:blood*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D015483:HIV Antibodies; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D012367:RNA, Viral; D015215:Zidovudine