title: The concept of individualized hypertension care in general practice and outpatient clinics. The general practitioner hypertension practice study (III).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine test ordering practice among general practitioners and hospital medical specialists according to the concept of individualized hypertension care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mailed hypothetical case histories, with reference panels to categorize tests.
  
  
  METHODS
  Uppsala-Orebro region in mid-Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  General practitioners (N = 90) and hospital medical specialists (N = 69) in randomly sampled primary health care centres and hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Test ordering scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  84% of invited GPs and 72% of specialists participated. According to reference panel standards, primary care physicians performed 75% of obligatory tests and specialists 88%. Superfluous tests constituted a larger proportion of the practice of hospital specialists (11-28%) than GPs (2-12%) in the six cases. Summarized examination scores revealed a wide practice variation within and between the two physician categories, specialists scoring significantly higher in three cases. Standardization of practice was more common among specialists, and differed significantly regarding serum potassium test, chest X-ray and ECG. Both groups deviated from current guidelines by omitting metabolic parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is considerable practice variation in individualized hypertension care, which might influence treatment outcome. Practice audit and continuing medical education could contribute to care standardization according to guidelines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, University of Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ribacke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005194:Family Practice / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D012015:Reference Standards; D013548:Sweden