title: Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta: a C-C chemokine in osteoarthritis.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine whether the cytokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta (MIP-1 beta) is present and functionally active in the arthritic joint. We used immunoassays and bioassays to assess the presence and function of MIP-1 beta using samples obtained from 62 arthritic patients. MIP-1 beta levels were increased in synovial fluids (SFs) from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) (18.0 +/- 8.9 ng/ml) (SD) compared to patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) 6.1 +/- 2.9 ng/ml) or other forms of arthritis (10.4 +/- 7.0 ng/ml) (P < 0.05). Levels of OA SF MIP-1 beta were significantly greater than OA or normal serum levels of MIP-1 beta. Anti-MIP-1 beta neutralized 28% of the chemotactic activity for monocytes found in OA SFs. Isolated OA synovial tissue fibroblasts did not constitutively produce MIP-1 beta but could be induced to express this chemokine upon exposure to tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, or lipopolysaccharide. Synovial tissue immunohistochemical staining revealed that the main immunopositive cells in OA were the lining cells as well as vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. A minority of macrophages were immunopositive as well. In this study, we identify MIP-1 beta as a unique cytokine increased in OA compared to RA SF. We conclude that MIP-1 beta may play a role in the ingress of monocytes into the OA joint.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Kunkel
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Mazarakis
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Haines
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Burdick
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pope
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Strieter
mesh_terms: D001168:Arthritis / Q000378:metabolism; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018925:Chemokines / Q000032:analysis; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000502:physiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000276:immunology; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology; D015846:Monokines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000378:metabolism*; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D007106:Immune Sera; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D015846:Monokines