title: Plasma levels of the chemokines monocyte chemotactic proteins-1 and -2 are elevated in human sepsis.
abstract: Because of their effects on monocytes, monocyte chemotactic proteins-1 and -2 (MCP-1 and MCP-2) may participate in the pathophysiology of sepsis. We measured circulating MCP-1 and MCP-2 levels in 42 septic patients having positive local or blood cultures. MCP-1 and MCP-2 levels were elevated in 24 (57%) and 25 (59%) of 42 septic patients, respectively, compared with healthy volunteers. Both patients with gram-positive and gram-negative infections had elevated MCP-1 plasma levels (P = .0001) and P < .0001), respectively; Mann-Whitney-U test), whereas patients with gram-positive infection, but not those with gram-negative infection, had increased MCP-2 plasma levels (P= .0182). No relative differences in MCP-1 and MCP-2 plasma levels were observed between several subgroups of patients (sepsis v septic shock; survivors v nonsurvivors), although levels of MCP-1 were the highest in patients with the more severe forms of sepsis, ie, those with shock or a lethal outcome. Serial observations showed that MCP-1 and MCP-2 plasma levels remained elevated for at least 48 hours. MCP-1 correlated weakly with interleukin-8 and MCP-2, the correlations for which were most pronounced in patients with septic shock. MCP-2 correlated with interleukin-8, and surprisingly, with the complement activation product C3a; these correlations further improved when analyzing patients with septic shock or when applying gram-positive infections. Thus, our results not only show increased MCP-1 and MCP-2 levels in patients with sepsis, but also suggest that the synthesis and release of MCP-1 and MCP-2 in sepsis are differently regulated in part.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Free University Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Bossink
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Paemen
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hack
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Thijs
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Damme
mesh_terms: D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood*; D054412:Chemokine CCL8; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000097:blood; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018945:Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D009181:Mycoses / Q000097:blood; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D017741:Survivors
chemical_list: C515453:CCL8 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054412:Chemokine CCL8; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D018945:Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins