title: [Uveitis with hypopyon in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, treated with Rifabutin].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Iridocyclitis has been identified as a dosage-dependent side effect in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who are treated for Mycobacterium avium complex infections with systemic Rifabutin. We reviewed cases of acute hypopyon uveitis occurring in patients with AIDS to establish whether there was an association or not.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients were referred by an infection disease specialty service for complete ophthamological evaluation and ancillary laboratory. Six patients with AIDS, aged from 29 to 65 years, presented with acute unilateral hypopion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the time of presentation, all six patients were receiving treatment for MAC infection with Rifabutin (dosage range, 300-600 mg/d) and four received Fluconazol. Results of microbiological investigations were negative. Hypopyon developed in the second eye of two patients. Hypopion resolved rapidly with intensive antibiotherapy without corticosteroids.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Concomitant use of Rifabutin and Fluconazol may precipitate hypopyon uveitis. The cause of the uveitis is less certain, but the possible role of a microbiological agent cannot be ruled out.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Ophtalmologie, CHU de Bicêtre.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frau
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gregoire-Cassoux
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hannouche
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lautier-Frau
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vittecoq
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Offret
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015270:Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017828:Rifabutin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013492:Suppuration / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology; D014605:Uveitis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D017828:Rifabutin
vernacular_title: Uvéite à hypopion chez des patients présentant un syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise et traités par Rifabutine.