Prolactin and interleukin-2 receptors in T lymphocytes signal through a MGF-STAT5-like transcription factor.
The cell surface receptors for PRL and interleukin-2 (IL-2) are structurally distinct, but share regulatory tasks in T lymphocytes. They can stimulate proliferation and activate transcription of over-lapping sets of genes of T cells. PRL and IL-2 receptor activation are both linked to the Jak/Stat (signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway. We investigated the ability of PRL and IL-2 to activate Stat proteins in different T cell lines. The DNA binding specificities, the reactivities toward Stat-specific antisera, and the mol wt of IL-2- and PRL-induced DNA-binding proteins in Nb2 and C196 T cell lines were investigated. A comparison with the Stat proteins induced by interferon-gamma, PRL, and IL-6 in T47D mammary tumor cells was made. We found that these parameters were indistinguishable for one of the PRL- and IL-2-induced factors. A transcription factor closely related to mammary gland factor-Stat5 is rapidly activated upon interaction of IL-2 and PRL with their respective receptors. Activation of a second protein related to Stat1 was also observed. Our results emphasize the role of PRL as a regulator of the immune response and indicate that the Stat factors mammary gland factor-Stat5 and Stat1 play a role in the regulation of gene expression during T cell development.
Gouilleux
F
F
Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Tumor Biology Center, Freiburg, Germany.
Moritz
D
D
Humar
M
M
Moriggl
R
R
Berchtold
S
S
Groner
B
B
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008894:Milk Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D011388:Prolactin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D011981:Receptors, Prolactin / Q000502:physiology*; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000502:physiology*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008894:Milk Proteins; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D011981:Receptors, Prolactin; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; C494079:STAT1 protein, human; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; C494092:STAT5A protein, human; C494080:Stat1 protein, mouse; C494093:Stat5a protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D011388:Prolactin; D004247:DNA