Clinical presentation of disorders of extreme stress in combat veterans.
Disorders of extreme stress (DES), previously referred to as disorders of extreme stress not otherwise specified and/or complex posttraumatic stress disorder, is a proposed diagnosis designed to describe the symptom presentation of those repeatedly exposed to traumatic stressors. Little is known, however, about the applicability of DES to combat veterans. We clinically assessed combat veterans for the presence or absence of DES in order to provide descriptive clinical information about the severity and patterns of endorsement of DES symptoms among combat veterans. Results indicate that DES is relevant to veterans and the implications of these results for both diagnoses and treatment are discussed.
Newman
E
E
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02130, USA.
Orsillo
S M
SM
Herman
D S
DS
Niles
B L
BL
Litz
B T
BT
D003130:Combat Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology*