title: DNA content and cell kinetics in colorectal carcinoma: flow cytometric analysis of primary tumor and liver metastases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Both flow cytometric DNA ploidy and proliferative activity have been indicated as potential prognostic indicators in colorectal cancer. Due to tumor biological heterogeneity, these parameters are best assessed with multiple sampling.
  
  
  METHODS
  We undertook a prospective study on 52 patients with Duke's D colorectal tumors looking at multiple samples of the primary tumors and liver metastases. DNA ploidy and tumor proliferative activity (derived from proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA FCM expression) were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of primary tumors, 36/52 (69.2%) were aneuploid in at least 1 sample, with a median value of the DNA index of the aneuploid peak of 1.58. On liver metastases, 42/52 (80.7%) patients were aneuploid in at least 1 sample with a median DNA index of the aneuploid peak of 1.64. Identical or nearly identical histograms from different tumor samples were observed in only 18/52 (34.6%) of the primary tumors and in 15/52 (28.8%) of the liver metastases. The PCNA values for primary tumors ranged from 5 to 28% (median value = 16.5%). In the liver metastases, PCNA values ranged from 12 to 38% (median value = 19.8%). Proliferative activity was lower for diploid than for aneuploid tumors. DNA ploidy and PCNA expression of the deep specimen of primary tumors were similar to those of the liver metastasis of the same patient while this concordance was not complete in the case of superficial biopsy specimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  If correctly performed, FCM techniques allow an accurate analysis of DNA ploidy and proliferative activity and both these measurements can offer considerable potential for a more comprehensive approach to colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Università e IRCCS San Matteo, Pavia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Danova
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: De Renzis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Girino
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Valenti
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mora
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scabini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mazzini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riccardi
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics; D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002455:Cell Division; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011003:Ploidies; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen