title: Genetic and environmental factors in premenstrual symptom reporting and its relationship to depression and a general neuroticism trait.
abstract: Previous work has indicated a genetic contribution to premenstrual symptom reporting, regularity and menarche but no genetic contribution to cycle length, and no consistent genetic contribution to premenstrual symptom reporting. This paper reports the results (n = 634) of multivariate genetic analysis in which premenstrual symptom reporting is included in a general personality factor along with extroversion (E), neuroticism (N) and depression (D). The results showed that N, E, D and PMS all fitted on a common personality factor. There was no evidence for a specific genetic contribution of depression or premenstrual symptom reporting over and above those shown in the common personality factor. There were, however, unique/specific environmental contributions for PMS. For E and N, in contrast, both unique genetic and environmental contributions were apparent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing Studies, Medical School, University of Birmingham, U.K.
authors.forename: O B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: van den Akker
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Eves
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D005120:Extraversion, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009497:Neurotic Disorders / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011293:Premenstrual Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D012803:Sick Role; D012931:Social Environment; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology