title: Bacterial leakage of mineral trioxide aggregate as a root-end filling material.
abstract: Previous dye leakage studies have shown that mineral trioxide aggregate leaks significantly less than other commonly used root-end filling materials. This study determined the time needed for Staphylococcus epidermidis to penetrate a 3-mm thickness of amalgam, Super-EBA, Intermediate Restorative Material (IRM), or mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as root-end filling materials. Fifty-six single-rooted extracted human teeth were cleaned and shaped using a step-back technique. Following root-end resection, 48 root-end cavities were filled with amalgam, Super-EBA, IRM, or MTA. Four root-end cavities were filled with thermoplasticized gutta-percha without a root canal sealer (+ control), and another four were filled with sticky wax covered with two layers of nail polish (- control). After attaching the teeth to plastic caps of 12-ml plastic vials and placing the root ends into phenol red broth, the set-ups were sterilized overnight with ethylene dioxide gas. A tenth of a microliter of broth containing S. epidermidis was placed into the root canal of 46 teeth (40 experimental, 3 positive, and 3 negative control groups). In addition, the root canals of two teeth with test root-end filling materials and one tooth from the positive and negative control groups were filled with sterile saline. The number of days required for the test bacteria to penetrate various root-end filling materials was determined. Most samples whose apical 3 mm were filled with amalgam, Super-EBA, or IRM began leaking at 6 to 57 days.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Loma Linda University, School of Dentistry, California, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torabinejad
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Rastegar
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kettering
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Pitt Ford
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003723:Dental Amalgam; D003763:Dental Leakage; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D006801:Humans; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D010087:Oxides; D012184:Retrograde Obturation; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003722:Dental Alloys; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; C031667:IRM cement; C031360:Sybraloy; D003723:Dental Amalgam; C084074:Super EBA