Peru-15, an improved live attenuated oral vaccine candidate for Vibrio cholerae O1.
Cholera vaccine candidate Peru-15 was derived from a Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor Inaba strain by deleting the cholera toxin genetic element, introducing the gene encoding cholera toxin B subunit into recA, and screening for nonmotility. In a controlled study, Peru-15 (2 x 10(8) cfu) was administered to 11 volunteers. No vaccinee developed diarrhea, and 10 of 11 had > 4-fold rises in vibriocidal antibody titers. One month later, 5 vaccinees and 5 control volunteers were challenged with wild type V. cholerae O1. Four of 5 controls developed diarrhea (mean, 1.9 L). Two Peru-15 vaccinees developed diarrhea, 1 with < 0.3 L and 1 with approximately 1.0 L; this latter volunteer had not developed a significant vibriocidal immune response to vaccination. Peru-15 shows promise as a single-dose, oral cholera vaccine that is safe, immunogenic, and protective.
Kenner
J R
JR
US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA.
Coster
T S
TS
Taylor
D N
DN
Trofa
A F
AF
Barrera-Oro
M
M
Hyman
T
T
Adams
J M
JM
Beattie
D T
DT
Killeen
K P
KP
Spriggs
D R
DR
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D002771:Cholera / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022121:Cholera Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D012449:Safety; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D022121:Cholera Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic