title: Effect of crystalloid and colloid preloading on uteroplacental and maternal haemodynamic state during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section.
abstract: We have studied the effects of crystalloid 1 litre (lactated Ringer's) or colloid 0.5 litre (hydroxyethyl starch) preloading in 26 healthy parturients undergoing elective Caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Maternal placental uterine artery circulation was measured using a pulsed colour Doppler technique with simultaneous measurement of maternal haemodynamics. A high incidence of maternal hypotension was observed during spinal anaesthesia in the crystalloid group (62%) but the incidence was lower in the colloid group (38%). Central venous pressure was increased significantly in both groups after preload but decreased shortly after induction of spinal anaesthesia to baseline values. The mean pulsatility index (PI) in the uterine arteries did not change during preload or spinal block. A surprising finding was the widespread variation and some high values for the uterine artery PI after spinal anaesthesia. These individual increases in PI were transient and always returned to baseline values within 2 min. These results suggest that preloading with either solution is ineffective in preventing maternal hypotension and that changes in maternal heart rate, systolic arterial pressure and central venous pressure during spinal anaesthesia were not associated with rapid individual increases in uteroplacental vascular resistance. These changes seemed not to have any major effect, however, on the clinical condition of the newborn, as assessed by Apgar scores and umbilical artery pH values.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Oulu University Central Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karinen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Räsänen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alahuhta
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jouppila
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jouppila
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002585:Cesarean Section; D000077324:Crystalloid Solutions; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007022:Hypotension / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D021041:Placental Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D000077324:Crystalloid Solutions; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D010952:Plasma Substitutes