title: Enhancement of ethylenethiourea recoveries in food analyses by addition of cysteine hydrochloride.
abstract: The effectiveness of cysteine hydrochloride (Cys-HCl) as a preservative of ethylenethiourea (ETU) in product matrixes and during analysis was studied. ETU recoveries were adversely affected by certain product matrixes when fortified directly into the product. Recoveries in 8 selected food items were 0-92% when analyzed 30 min after fortification and 0-51% when analyzed after 24 h. When Cys-HCl was added to product prior to fortification, recoveries increased to 71-95% even after frozen storage for 2-4 weeks. Cys-HCl was added during analysis of 53 untreated items. Recoveries improved an average of 15% with Cys-HCl. Without Cys-HCl, recoveries were erratic (20-98%), but with Cys-HCl, recoveries were 68-113%. Other antioxidants (sodium sulfite, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, and vitamins A and C) also were evaluated as ETU preservatives. When lettuce was treated first with sodium sulfite and then fortified with ETU, recoveries averaged 86%; without sodium sulfite, they averaged 1%. The other antioxidants were less effective for preserving ETU in lettuce, giving only 8-46% recoveries. The effect of oxidizers (potassium bromate, sodium hypochlorite, and hydrogen peroxide) on ETU recovery was also determined. Recovery of ETU from a baby food product (pears and pineapple) was 82%; with oxidizers, recoveries were 0-8%.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Kansas City District Office, Lenexa 66285-5905, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Sack
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D003545:Cysteine / Q000737:chemistry*; D005031:Ethylenethiourea / Q000032:analysis*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods; D005520:Food Preservatives / Q000737:chemistry; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005520:Food Preservatives; D016877:Oxidants; D005031:Ethylenethiourea; D003545:Cysteine