title: Intestinal absorption of azetirelin, a new thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogue. II. In situ and in vitro absorption characteristics of azetirelin from the rat intestine.
abstract: Intestinal absorption characteristics of azetirelin, a new thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogue, were studied in rats by means of in situ closed loop and in vitro everted sac experiments. Plasma concentrations of azetirelin obtained in the in situ closed loop experiments were not significantly different among the intestinal segments. Area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of azetirelin following administration into the duodenal loop increased in proportion to the dose. The serosal to mucosal concentration ratio of the analogue in the everted sac experiment was constant over the mucosal drug concentration range of 0.01-10 mM. There was no directional difference in the transfer rate of azetirelin across the everted and non-everted sacs of the duodenum. Furthermore, its transport across the duodenum was not influenced by low incubation temperature (25 degrees C), addition of dipeptide (Gly-Gly), or pretreatment of the mucosal surface with 2,4-dinitrophenol, while that of TRH was inhibited under these conditions. These results suggest that the intestinal absorption mechanism of azetirelin is different from that of TRH, and that azetirelin is predominantly transported via a passive diffusion.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muranishi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001384:Azetidines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004386:Duodenum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D001384:Azetidines; D004151:Dipeptides; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; C054995:azetirelin