title: Comparative analysis of melanins and melanosomes produced by various coat color mutants.
abstract: Pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes of animals is influenced by a number of genes that modulate the activity of melanocytes, the intervention of enzymatic controls at different stages of the melanogenic process, and the physico-chemical properties of the final pigment. The results of combined phenotypic, ultrastructural, biochemical, and chemical analyses of hairs of a variety of defined genotypes on a common genetic background performed in this study are consistent with the view that pigmentation of dark to black hairs results from the incorporation of eumelanin pigments whereas that of yellow hairs results from the incorporation of eu- and pheomelanins. It is also clear that relatively minor differences in melanin content can have dramatic effects on visible hair color. A good correlation was found for expression of (and enzyme activities associated with) TRP1 and TRP2 with eumelanin synthesis and eumelanosome production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic and Biological Chemistry, University of Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Prota
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lamoreux
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Napolitano
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Vincensi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Hearing
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D005838:Genotype; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry; D006200:Hair Color / Q000235:genetics*; D008543:Melanins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D008543:Melanins; D010860:Pigments, Biological