title: A functional comparison of CD34 + CD38- cells in cord blood and bone marrow.
abstract: We present cell cycling and functional evidence that the CD34+CD38- immunophenotype can be used to define a rare and primitive subpopulation of progenitor cells in umbilical cord blood. CD34+CD38- cells comprise 0.05% +/- 0.08% of the mononuclear cells present in cord blood. Cell cycle analysis with the fluorescent DNA stain 7-aminoactinomycin D showed that the percentage of CD34+ cells in cycle directly correlated with increasing CD38 expression. CD34+CD38- cord blood cells were enriched for long-term culture-initiating cells (LTCIC; cells able to generate colony-forming unit-cells [CFU-C] after 35 to 60 days of coculture with bone marrow stroma) relative to CD34+CD38- cells. In an extended LTCIC assay, CD34+CD38- cells were able to generate CFU-C between days 60 and 100, clearly distinguishing them from CD34+CD38+ cells that did not generate CFU-C beyond day 40. When plated as single cells, onset of clonal proliferation was markedly delayed in a subpopulation of CD34+CD38- cells; clones (defined as > 100 cells) appeared after 60 days of culture in 2.9% of CD34+CD38- cells. In contrast, 100% of CD34+CD38+ cells formed clones by day 21. Although the CD34+CD38- immunophenotype defines highly primitive populations in both bone marrow and cord blood, important functional differences exist between the two sources. CD34+CD38- cord blood cells have a higher cloning efficiency, proliferate more rapidly in response to cytokine stimulation, and generate approximately sevenfold more progeny than do their counterparts in bone marrow.
authors.affiliation: Division of Research Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
authors.forename: Q L
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: F T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Thiemann
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Smogorzewska
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Crooks
mesh_terms: D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1; D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000032:analysis*; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000032:analysis*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D002453:Cell Cycle; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology*; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018952:Antigens, CD34; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; C498154:CD38 protein, human; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1