title: Absence of pepsinogen A3 gene expression in the gastric mucosa of patients with gastric cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of pepsinogen A3 (Pg3) encoding genes in the gastric mucosa of normal controls and subjects with atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and fifty nine patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with sampling of gastric biopsy specimens and serum. Pg3 isoproteins were determined by electrophoresis in serum and gastric mucosal biopsy specimens. Pg3 encoding genes were assessed by PCR in DNA obtained from peripheral blood.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and one subjects (82 normal histology/chronic gastritis, 17 atrophic gastritis, two gastric cancer) showed a pepsinogen phenotype with presence of Pg3 and a corresponding pepsinogen genotype with presence of Pg3 encoding genes. Fifty eight subjects showed a phenotype lacking Pg3. In 39 of them (23 normal histology/chronic gastritis, 11 atrophic gastritis, five gastric cancer), a corresponding genotype without Pg3 encoding genes was found. However, in the remaining 19 subjects (4 normal histology/chronic gastritis, nine atrophic gastritis, six gastric cancer); Pg3 encoding genes were demonstrable in the absence of Pg3 production.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unexpressed Pg3 encoding genes can be shown in many cases of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer, but rarely in healthy controls and subjects with superficial gastritis. The correlation of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer with a pepsinogen phenotype lacking Pg3 can be explained by loss of expression of Pg3 encoding genes throughout the complete gastric mucosa. The mechanism of such loss and the importance as a marker for premalignant degeneration have to be elucidated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kuipers
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Crusius
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Defize
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van der Stoop
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Meuwissen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pals
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001483:Base Sequence; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010435:Pepsinogens / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D010435:Pepsinogens