title: Performance-enhancing drugs.
abstract: The use of performance-enhancing drugs has certainly come to the forefront of athletics. This issue involves not only athletes but coaches and physicians as well. Our society's obsession with obtaining "the edge" is reflected in the athlete's perception that the end justifies the means.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ghaphery
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000662:Amphetamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001804:Blood Transfusion, Autologous; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004300:Doping in Sports; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000662:Amphetamines; D045930:Anabolic Agents; D004921:Erythropoietin; D002110:Caffeine; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate