title: Protein kinases in human breast cancer.
abstract: The family of protein kinases includes many oncogenes and growth factor receptors, many of which have been linked to the pathogenesis and progression of cancer. Protein tyrosine kinases such as HER-2/c-erbB-2 and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have been linked specifically to breast cancer, and perturbations of HER-2 affect response to chemotherapy. We have reviewed the biology of protein kinases in human breast cancer, as well as their translational applications to breast cancer patients. We have studied the spectrum of protein kinases expressed in human breast cancer cells and have identified four protein kinases with potentially important functions in breast cancer: rak (src-related), TK5 (which we now designate JAK3), the focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and STK1 (human M015/CAK). We describe the potential significance of these genes in breast cancer, as well as our methodology for identifying and characterizing novel genes in breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine 27599, USA.
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Cance
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle; D005260:Female; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D006801:Humans; D053616:Janus Kinase 3; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051941:fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3; D019061:src-Family Kinases
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D053616:Janus Kinase 3; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D051941:fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3; D019061:src-Family Kinases; C497970:FLT3 protein, human; C490512:Frk protein, mouse; C507933:JAK3 protein, human; C507935:Jak3 protein, mouse; C496050:PTK2 protein, human