Identification and characterization of the dystrophin anchoring site on beta-dystroglycan.
Dystrophin, the product of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene, is tightly associated with the sarcolemmal membrane to a large glycoprotein complex. One function of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex is to link the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix in skeletal muscle. However, the molecular interactions of dystrophin with the membrane components of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex are still elusive. Here, we demonstrate and characterize a specific interaction between beta-dystroglycan and dystrophin. We show that skeletal muscle and brain dystrophin as well as brain dystrophin isoforms specifically bind to beta-dystroglycan. To localize and characterize the dystrophin and beta-dystroglycan interaction domains, we reconstituted the interaction in vitro using dystrophin fusion proteins and in vitro translated beta-dystroglycan. We demonstrated that the 15 C-terminal amino acids of beta-dystroglycan constituted a unique binding site for the second half of the hinge 4 and the cysteine-rich domain of dystrophin (amino acids 3054-3271). This dystrophin binding site is located in a proline-rich environment of beta-dystroglycan within amino acids 880-895. The identification of the interaction sites in dystrophin and beta-dystroglycan provides further insight into the structure and the molecular organization of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex at the sarcolemma membrane and will be helpful for studying the pathogenesis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Jung
D
D
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA.
Yang
B
B
Meyer
J
J
Chamberlain
J S
JS
Campbell
K P
KP
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D049030:Dystroglycans; D016189:Dystrophin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015394:Molecular Structure; D008970:Molecular Weight; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009136:Muscular Dystrophies / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; C483081:DAG1 protein, human; D016189:Dystrophin; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049030:Dystroglycans