title: Relations between nutrient intake and serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the relation between diet and serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels in a large, homogeneous group of Spanish children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven schools chosen at random in Madrid City and the surrounding area.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects comprised 1682 children, 2 to 12 years of age. Dietary data were obtained with a 24-hour record performed by the child's main caregiver. For statistical analysis the sample was divided into tertiles on the basis of calorie-adjusted consumption of dietary components.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children in the highest tertile of total fat consumption, compared with children in the lowest tertile, had significantly higher mean serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A) and apolipoprotein B-100 (Apo B). When compared with children in the lowest tertile, children in the highest tertile of saturated fat consumption had significantly higher mean levels of TC, LDL-C, and Apo B, and lower mean levels of HDL-C and Apo A. Children in the highest tertile of monounsaturated fat consumption, compared with children in the lowest tertile, had significantly higher mean levels of HDL-C and Apo A, and lower mean levels of TC, LDL-C, and Apo B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that diet composition strongly influences lipid profile in children and point out the importance of monounsaturated fatty acids as modulators of serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels.
authors.affiliation: Working Group of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Childhood and Adolescence, Hospital Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Requejo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Bayle
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baeza
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arnaiz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vila
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Asensio
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Jarabo
mesh_terms: D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000097:blood*; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D002784:Cholesterol