title: Neuropsychophysiological study of children at risk for schizophrenia: a preliminary report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This initial report, from an ongoing study, examines whether children who have symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum disorder display neuropsychological or neuroanatomic abnormalities similar to those seen in adults with schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental subjects were 12 children between 8 and 12 years of age who displayed symptoms of early-onset schizophrenia or schizotypal personality disorder, as assessed through the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children. The experimental subjects were compared with 13 controls on neuropsychological test performance, magnetic resonance imaging measurements, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Findings from the first phase of this project reveal significant overall group differences for several morphometric magnetic resonance imaging measurements and all neuropsychological measures. Differences between the groups were found for amygdala volume, mesial temporal volume, callosal area, and anatomic asymmetry. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy data showed a trend toward group differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings support a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia which postulates that environmentally or genetically programmed events in utero disrupt the establishment of fundamental aspects of brain structure and function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, USA.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hendren
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hodde-Vargas
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ford
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D000679:Amygdala / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D002648:Child; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology