title: Can physically restrained nursing-home residents be untied safely? Intervention and evaluation design.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop an intervention that will enable nursing home personnel to remove physical restraints from nursing-home residents safely and cost effectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multicenter prospective pre-post study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen high-restraint-use nursing homes, four each from California, Michigan, New York, and North Carolina. The 16 facilities have 2075 beds.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 2-year educational demonstration study, including a 2-day workshop, specially prepared written and video materials, and telephone and on-site clinical consultations. Each nursing home designated a nurse to be the clinical coordinator and to lead a multidisciplinary team in conducting a restraint assessment and devising interventions for removal.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared pre- and post-study aggregate and individual facility rates of restraint use, incidents and accidents, family attitudes, financial impact, serious injuries, and staff attitudes and work patterns.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preliminary data suggest that this intervention was well received and appears to be effective in achieving restraint-free care.
authors.affiliation: Jewish Home and Hospital for Aged, New York, NY 10025, USA.
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Neufeld
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Libow
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Foley
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004509:Education, Nursing, Continuing / Q000379:methods*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D009735:Nursing Homes; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States