title: Immune responses in humans after 60 days of confinement.
abstract: A confinement experiment in a normobaric diving chamber was undertaken to better understand the effect of confinement and isolation on human psychology and physiology. Pre- and postconfinement blood samples were obtained from four test subjects and control donors to analyze immune responses. No modification in the levels of CD2+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, and CD56+ cells was observed after confinement. Mitogen-induced T-lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 receptor expression were not altered significantly. Whole blood interferon-alpha and gamma-induction and plasma cortisol levels were also unchanged, as was natural killer cell activity. These data suggest that in humans, no specific components of the immune response are affected by a 2-month isolation and confinement of a small group.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine et CHU Rangueil, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peres
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sonnenfeld
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tkackzuk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arquier
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mauco
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ohayon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000097:blood; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D012934:Social Isolation / Q000523:psychology; D013026:Space Flight; D013997:Time Factors; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D016898:Interferon-alpha; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D006854:Hydrocortisone