title: Results of a salvage treatment program for relapsing lymphoma: MINE consolidated with ESHAP.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report the results of a prospective trial in which patients with relapsing non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were sequentially treated with two regimens (mesna, ifosfamide, mitoxantrone, and etoposide [MINE], and etoposide, methylprednisolone, cytarabine, and cisplatin [ESHAP]) if they had no history of disease resistance to these drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-two patients received MINE (mesna 4 g/m2, ifosfamide 4 g/m2, mitoxantrone 8 mg/m2, and etoposide 195 mg/m2) for a maximum of six courses followed by ESHAP (etoposide 240 mg/m2, methylprednisone 500 mg/d, high-dose cytarabine 2 g/m2, and cisplatin 100 mg/m2) for three courses to consolidate complete response (CR) or for a maximum of six cycles after a partial response (PR) or no response to MINE. Pretreatment serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) were documented in 80 of 92 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rate to MINE-ESHAP was 69% (48% CRs and 21% PRs), with a median survival time of 24 months and median time to treatment failure of 12 months. The median time to treatment failure according to histology was as follows: low-grade histologies, 16 months; low-grade transformed to intermediate-grade, 8 months; and intermediate-grade, 5 months. The most serious complication was myelosuppression, which resulted in two deaths due to neutropenic sepsis. A risk factor model based on beta 2M and LDH levels before salvage treatment showed three categories of risk, with 36-month survival rates as follows: low (beta 2M < 3 mg/dL and LDH normal), 61%; intermediate (beta 2M > or = 3 mg/dL or LDH above normal), 23%; and high (beta 2M > or = 3 mg/dL and LDH above normal), 0%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MINE-ESHAP is an effective salvage strategy for patients with recurrent lymphoma. Toxicity was acceptable. Factors that determine prognostic categories at relapse merit further study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Cabanillas
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Velasquez
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Hagemeister
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Swan
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Romaguera
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D015080:Mesna / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D008942:Mitoxantrone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D003561:Cytarabine; D014750:Vincristine; D005047:Etoposide; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011239:Prednisolone; D008942:Mitoxantrone; D015080:Mesna; D002945:Cisplatin; D007069:Ifosfamide; D008775:Methylprednisolone