title: Immunohistochemical distribution of surfactant apoproteins in hypoplastic lungs of nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis.
abstract: Forty-three patients with nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis (NIHF), including 32 patients (74%) with hypoplastic lung, were immunohistochemically examined for the expression of surfactant apolipoproteins (SPs), using anti-gamma G immunoglobulins against human SP-A with a molecular weight (MW) of 35 K and SP-B with a MW of 5 K compared with that in 59 patients in a control group and 45 patients with hypoplastic lung induced by causes other than NIHF. In the control group, SP-A was expressed in the lungs from 23 gestational weeks and became more numerous and intense in alveolar type II cells after 31 gestational weeks, whereas SP-B began to be expressed from 20 gestational weeks, and almost all patients showed a diffuse positivity after 26 gestational weeks. In the NIHF group, SP-A expression was generally weak, even after 31 gestation weeks. Moreover, most of the patients showing a weak expression of SP-A were also associated with hypoplastic lung and had a clinical history of persistent intrauterine pleural effusion of more than 2 weeks. Conversely, the immunoreactivity of SP-B was well preserved in NIHF cases either with or without hypoplastic lung. These results suggest that in the NIHF lung, there is a possible delay in the functional maturation or development of SP-A synthesis by alveolar type II cells, and this retardation of the functional maturation in type II cells also participates in the postnatal respiratory insufficiency in NIHF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Kyushu University, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Toki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sueishi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Minamitani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D001059:Apoproteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D004848:Epithelium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D015160:Hydrops Fetalis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008168:Lung / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000196:embryology* / Q000473:pathology; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D037661:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001059:Apoproteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D037661:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; C046616:pulmonary surfactant apoprotein