Expression of a constitutive NF-kappa B-like activity is essential for proliferation of cultured bovine vascular smooth muscle cells.
We have recently discovered bovine and human vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) express a novel constitutive Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)/Rel-like activity (Lawrence, R., L.-J. Chang, U. Siebenlist, P. Bressler, and G.E. Sonenshein. 1994. J. Biol. Chem. 269:28913-28918), here termed SMC-Rel. Since cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of human vascular SMCs has been implicated in aberrant SMC proliferation during post-angioplasty restenosis, we tested the role of NF-kappa B/Rel activity in transactivation of the CMV immediate early (ie) promoter. The basal CMV ie promoter linked to three wild-type, but not mutant, copies of its NF-kappa B element was active in bovine aortic SMCs. The anti-oxidants N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or pentoxifylline (PTX), which are used clinically to reduce NF-kappa B/Rel activity, inhibited NF-kappa B driven promoter transactivation, and SMC-Rel binding activity. Treatment with either NAC or PTX was observed to slow the growth of the SMCs in a dose dependent fashion. Microinjection of either purified I kappa B-alpha, a naturally occurring specific inhibitor of NF-kappa B/Rel activity, or double-stranded oligonucleotides harboring wild type, but not non-binding mutants of NF-kappa B elements selectively inhibited SMC proliferation. Thus constitutive NF-kappa B/Rel activity appears essential for proliferation of vascular SMCs and might be a novel target for therapeutic intervention for restenosis.
Bellas
R E
RE
Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
Lee
J S
JS
Sonenshein
G E
GE
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002417:Cattle; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection
D016328:NF-kappa B