title: Neurotoxicity in rats chronically exposed to lead ingestion: measurement of intracellular concentrations of free calcium and lead ions in resting or depolarized brain slices.
abstract: The intracellular free calcium (Ca2+) or lead (Pbi2+) ions were measured by using 19F-NMR and 1,2-bis(2-amino-5-fluorophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid in brain slices obtained from control rats and rats chronically exposed to 1 mg/kg.day or 100 mg/kg.day dose of Pb acetate ingestion. The basal Cai2+ values obtained in this study were comparable to the values reported previously for brain neurons by using the Fura-2 method (Singh, 1993a). The concentrations of total Pb in blood samples obtained from 2-week old rats exposed to 1 and 100 mg/kg.day doses of lead acetate were 31 and 521 micrograms/dl respectively. The concentrations of total Pb in brain samples obtained from 2-week old rats exposed to 1 and 100 mg/kg.day doses of lead acetate were 150 and 2700 ng/g respectively. The concentration of Pb in neonatal and adult samples did not differ significantly. Free Pb2+ was not detected in samples obtained from the rats exposed to a Pb dose of 1 mg/kg.day; however, a small concentration (ranging from 100 to 300 pM) of the ion was detected in samples obtained from the rats exposed to a Pb dose of 100 mg/kg.day. This suggests that either a small proportion of total Pb is ionized in brain or there is an efflux of Pb2+ from intracellular fluid into the incubation medium. Depolarization caused significant increase in Cai2+ in cortical slices obtained both from control and Pb-exposed rats. However, depolarization increased Pbi2+ only in samples obtained from rats exposed to a Pb dose of 100 mg/kg.day.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007854:Lead / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D007854:Lead; D004533:Egtazic Acid; C025603:1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid; D002118:Calcium