title: Generation and in vivo persistence of polarized Th1 and Th2 memory cells.
abstract: In vitro generated CD4 cell lines and effectors often produce either Th1 or Th2 cytokines, but stimulation of resting CD4 cells from animals leads to production mostly of IL-2. To determine whether polarization of CD4 effector cells results in development of polarized memory, I generated antigen-specific Th1 and Th2 effectors in vitro and transferred them to adoptive hosts. The effectors gave rise to long-lived populations of CD4 T cells with the phenotype of resting memory cells. Recovered cells responded vigorously to specific antigen, producing a pattern of cytokines closely related to that of the transferred effectors. Thus, encounter with a peptide antigen and directive cytokines at the initiation of culture can lead to generation of both effector and long-lived memory cell populations that produce restricted patterns of cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0063, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Swain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008211:Lymphocyte Cooperation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000378:metabolism*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D016207:Cytokines; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell