title: Valproate-associated pancreatitis and cholecystitis in six mentally retarded adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pancreatitis is usually considered a rare side effect of valproate. We describe five cases of pancreatitis and one case of cholecystitis associated with the use of valproate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Through chart review, we identified all patients in our facility treated with valproate between 1989 and 1994, and all cases of pancreatitis and cholecystitis identified during that same period in our population of 322 mentally retarded patients. We also searched MEDLINE for all published cases of pancreatitis or cholecystitis associated with valproate treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five (7%) of 72 valproate-treated patients experienced pancreatitis, and one experienced cholecystitis; all recovered fully. This brings the total number of reported cases of valproate-associated pancreatitis to 55.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pancreatitis may occur more frequently than previously recognized in mentally retarded adults treated with valproate. Developmentally disabled patients should be carefully monitored for this potentially lethal side effect.
authors.affiliation: University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, USA.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Buzan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Firestone
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Dubovsky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D014635:Valproic Acid