title: Is barium trapping in rectoceles significant?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to determine whether rectocele size and contrast retention are significant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Evacuation proctography and simultaneous intrarectal pressure measurements from a small, noncompliant balloon catheter were performed in three matched groups of 11 constipated female patients with rectoceles, rectoceles and contrast trapping of > 10 percent, and no rectocele. Computerized image analysis was used to measure rectocele area and evacuation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the two groups with rectoceles, there was no significant difference in rectocele area or width pre-evacuation. The anorectal angle, pelvic floor descent, maximum anal canal width, evacuation time or completeness, maximum and distal intrarectal pressure, or need to digitate did not differ significantly between the groups. In seven patients with barium trapping (64 percent) the intrarectal pressure dropped abruptly as the balloon entered the rectocele, suggesting that trapping results from sequestration into the vagina, closing part of the rectocele from the normal intrarectal pressure zone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because no impairment of evacuation appears to be associated with either a large rectocele or trapping, these evacuation problems should not be directly attributed to these proctographic findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, St. Mark's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Halligan
authors.forename: C I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Bartram
mesh_terms: D001466:Barium Sulfate; D003672:Defecation; D005260:Female; D006547:Hernia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D011859:Radiography; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012007:Rectum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D001466:Barium Sulfate