Cloning of ATAC, an activation-induced, chemokine-related molecule exclusively expressed in CD8+ T lymphocytes.
A cDNA clone, designated ATAC, was isolated from a collection of human T cell activation genes. Analysis of tissue distribution determined that ATAC mRNA of approximately 0.9 kb is exclusively expressed in activated CD8+ T cells. Induction of the ATAC gene requires stimulation by both phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and Ca2+ ionophore A23187 ("two-signal gene") and is fully abrogated by the immunosuppressive agent cyclosporin A. Upon stimulation, ATAC mRNA is detectable within 30 min, maximal expression is seen after 4 h. The polypeptide encoded by the open reading frame of ATAC mRNA is 114 amino acids long with a calculated M(r) of 12.52 kDa. The structural features predict the cleavage and secretion of a mature ATAC protein of approximately 10 kDa from the 12.52-kDa precursor. ATAC is highly similar to a very recently identified murine molecule designated lymphotactin both at the cDNA (73.8% identity) and the protein (61.4% identity) levels, and related to members of the C-C and C-X-C chemokine families. Two variants of the ATAC protein were expressed and tested for chemotaxis and Ca2+ release on a variety of target cells. The ATAC gene was located to chromosome 1q23.
Müller
S
S
Molecular Immunology, Robert-Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Dorner
B
B
Korthaüer
U
U
Mages
H W
HW
D'Apuzzo
M
M
Senger
G
G
Kroczek
R A
RA
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D002871:Chromosome Banding; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / Q000235:genetics; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data
D016207:Cytokines; D018076:DNA, Complementary