title: Depot long-acting somatostatin analog (Sandostatin-LAR) is an effective treatment for acromegaly.
abstract: Octreotide (Sandostatin) is a synthetic analog of somatostatin, an endogenous GH inhibitory peptide that has been used as an adjunct to surgery and radiotherapy in the treatment of acromegaly. When given sc in divided daily doses, it lowers serum GH to less than 5 micrograms/L in approximately 50% of cases. Data suggest that continuous infusions of somatostatin analogs may be more effective in lowering GH. We have evaluated Sandostatin-LAR, a new long-acting preparation of Sandostatin, in eight patients with acromegaly. After an initial pharmacokinetic study, patients received a minimum of 10 im injections of Sandostatin-LAR (20, 30, or 40 mg) at 28- or 42-day intervals. Serum GH levels decreased from 10.7 +/- 2.8 micrograms/L (mean +/- SE) at baseline to a nadir of 2.6 +/- 0.4 micrograms/L after the tenth injection, and to less than 5 micrograms/L in every patient. Serum insulin-like growth factor-I decreased from 927 +/- 108 ng/mL at baseline to 472 +/- 59 ng/mL at the end of the sixth injection and returned to normal (< 500 ng/mL) in seven of the eight patients. This was associated with significant improvements in headache, arthralgia, and sweating. There was no evidence of octreotide accumulation, and the drug was well tolerated. To date, no gallstones have occurred, and serial pituitary imaging has revealed no increase in the size of the initial pituitary tumor. In particular, two previously untreated patients have shown complete regression of the initial microadenoma and have serum GH values of less than 2.5 micrograms/L. Sandostatin-LAR is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for patients with acromegaly. Undoubtedly the initial indication for Sandostatin-LAR will be in the patient who is not cured after surgery and radiotherapy, but our experience suggests that it may be used as a primary treatment in some acromegalics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lancranjan
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Sheppard
mesh_terms: D000172:Acromegaly / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000328:Adult; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006728:Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015282:Octreotide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D006728:Hormones; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone; D015282:Octreotide