title: Na+ and K+ effect on contractility of frog sartorius muscle: implication for the mechanism of fatigue.
abstract: Although a decrease in extracellular Na+ and an increase in K+ concentration are believed to contribute to the decrease in force during fatigue, the force of unfatigued muscle decreases only with quite large changes in Na+ and K+ concentration. The objective of this study was to determine whether concomitant and smaller changes in Na+ and K+ concentration have greater effects on muscle contractility than individual changes. At 3 mM K+, a large decrease in Na+ from 120 to 60 mM had no effect on the twitch force, while the tetanic force decreased by 31.2%. At 120 mM Na+, an increase in K+ from 3 to 9 mM potentiated the twitch force by 41.1%, had no effect on the tetanic force at 7 mM, and decreased the tetanic force by 40.4% at 9 mM; both the twitch force and tetanic force were completely abolished at 11 mM K+. The potentiation of the twitch force between 3 and 9 mM K+ was less at 60, 80, and 100 mM than at 120 mM Na+. A reduction in Na+ concentration also reduced the K+ concentration at which the twitch force and tetanic force decreased and were completely abolished. It is shown that the combined effects of Na+ and K+ on the twitch and tetanic contractions were greater than the sum of their individual effects. Furthermore, it is proposed that neither Na+ nor K+ alone can be considered as an important factor in the decrease in force during fatigue, whereas together they are important for the tetanic contraction, but not for the twitch contraction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bouclin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Charbonneau
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Renaud
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011894:Rana pipiens; D012964:Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium