title: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 rises after hemorrhage in rats.
abstract: Large hemorrhage leads to hypercoagulability, a phenomenon that has never been well explained. Because an elevation of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 increases procoagulant activity, we have determined whether plasma PAI activity and tissue PAI-1 mRNA are elevated after hemorrhage. Sprague-Dawley rats were bled (20 or 15 ml/kg) 4 days after cannulation. Plasma PAI activity was determined by the capacity of plasma to inhibit tissue-type plasminogen activator activity. Changes of PAI-1 mRNA in various tissues were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography after reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction. Hemorrhage (20 ml/kg) significantly elevated plasma PAI activity at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after hemorrhage and PAI-1 mRNA in liver at 1, 2, 4, and 6 h after hemorrhage. The PAI-1 message was also significantly elevated in lung, heart, and kidney at 4 h after hemorrhage. The increases of PAI-1 mRNA after 20 ml/kg hemorrhage were significantly greater than those after 15 ml/kg hemorrhage. These findings indicate that large hemorrhage can induce the increases in PAI activity and PAI-1 message and suggest that induction of PAI-1 may be involved in the thrombogenic responses observed after large hemorrhage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Darlington
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Weeks
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Gann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D017931:DNA Primers; D015870:Gene Expression; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger