title: Clinical and angiographic correlates of leukocyte activation in unstable angina.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to evaluate the relation, if any, between clinical and angiographic findings in patients with unstable angina and monocyte and neutrophil CD11b/CD18 receptor density. The expression of HLA-DR molecules on T lymphocytes, an index of activation of these cells, was also investigated.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Although activation of neutrophils and monocytes has recently been shown in unstable angina, no studies have correlated activation indexes with clinical and angiographic features of patients with this clinical condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients underwent diagnostic coronary arteriography and simultaneous blood sampling from the aorta and coronary sinus before injection of contrast medium. Cell surface receptors were detected by direct immunofluorescence evaluated by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies tagged with fluorescent markers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 38 patients with unstable angina, neutrophils and monocytes showed a significantly higher expression of CD11b/CD18 adhesion receptors in coronary sinus than aortic blood (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.001, respectively). When these patients were analyzed according to clinical characteristics or angiographic findings, no difference in CD11b/CD18 receptor expression in coronary sinus blood was found between the various subgroups, except for patients with at least one episode of chest pain at rest within 48 h of coronary arteriography and a higher neutrophil adhesion molecule density than patients who remained asymptomatic (p = 0.04). Lymphocytes in patients with stable and unstable angina showed a similar percent expression of CD2/CD19 and CD3/HLA-DR antigens, with no difference between aortic and coronary sinus blood.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results in a larger cohort confirm previous data that neutrophil and monocyte CD11b/CD18 adhesion molecules show a higher expression in the coronary sinus blood of patients with unstable angina. Among clinical and angiographic findings in patients with unstable angina, only the occurrence of chest pain within 48 h of coronary angiography was related to significantly higher values of neutrophil fluorescence intensity, suggesting that the degree of neutrophil activation is related to the proximity of rest angina episodes to blood sampling. Finally, our data do not support the concept of systemic or transcardiac lymphocyte activation in unstable angina.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, IRCCS S. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Servi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazzone
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ricevuti
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mazzucchelli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fossati
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gritti
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Angoli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Specchia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018845:CD11 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D005260:Female; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018375:Neutrophil Activation; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D018845:CD11 Antigens; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens