title: The identity of proliferating cells in bone tumors with cartilaginous components: evaluation by double-immunohistochemical staining using proliferating cell nuclear antigen and S-100 protein.
abstract: S-100 protein (S-100) appears to be a marker for bone tumors of cartilaginous origin. Any analyses of proliferative activity in S-100-positive tumor cells, however, has not yet been presented. This study assessed the proliferative activity of those cells by means of a double-immunohistochemical staining method using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and S-100. The most intense reactivity for S-100 was found in the well-differentiated chondrocytes of enchondromas, osteochondromas, and osteosarcomas. On the contrary, the more immature the tumor cells were, the more intensely positive they were for PCNA. In parosteal chondrosarcoma, exceptionally, PCNA-positive as well as S-100-positive cells were abundant, suggesting that these proliferating cells produced S-100. In periosteal osteosarcoma, however, the proliferating cells labeled by PCNA revealed little reactivity for S-100. This immunohistochemical method is potentially useful to know the identity and origin of proliferating cells and may sometimes be diagnostic for bone tumors containing cartilaginous elements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishizawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hukuda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okabe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002804:Chondroblastoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D002812:Chondroma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D002813:Chondrosarcoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015831:Osteochondroma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000556:secondary; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D009418:S100 Proteins