title: Use of endoscopes for chronic ear surgery in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether an endoscopic second-look examination of the mastoid and middle ear could replace an open second-look mastoidectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were examined endoscopically. The findings were compared with a standard open mastoidectomy procedure during the same operation. The mastoid can be inspected through a small postauricular incision and the middle ear can be inspected through a myringotomy incision or tympanomeatal flap.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients aged 6 to 16 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endoscopic findings correlated exactly with open mastoidectomy findings in all cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In light of this study an open second-look mastoidectomy may be avoided if minimal or no recurrent cholesteatoma is found during the endoscopic exploration. The use of the ridged endoscope has added another dimension to the standard microsurgical techniques used in pediatric otology. The indications, techniques, and findings of otoendoscopy in the management of chronic otitis media in children will be presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Silverstein
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoffer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nichols
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D018424:Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D019723:Endoscopes; D004724:Endoscopy; D006801:Humans; D008416:Mastoid / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation