title: Cytokine production in cerebrospinal fluid after subarachnoid haemorrhage.
abstract: Pathophysiological mechanisms for vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) remain unclear and, so far, roles of cytokines in vasospasm have not been known. In the present study, we measured interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). ELISA assay were performed on 21 CSF samples from 7 patients with SAH and on 4 sera samples. Both IL-6 and IL-8 were detected in all CSF samples, but IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha were not detected. IL-6 and IL-8 were also detected in sera, but at much lower concentrations. This study indicates that IL-6 and IL-8 may play roles as immunomodulators in patients with SAH. In addition, it has been reported that IL-6 inhibits prostaglandin I2 production and increases the mRNA level of c-sis gene, suggesting that IL-6 may play an important role in vasospasm as vasoconstrictor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abe
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D004727:Endothelium / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8