title: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of beta endorphin in painful and painless diabetic polyneuropathy.
abstract: beta endorphin (beta-EP) is an important modulator of central pain pathways. To examine whether changes in central production of beta-EP contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathic pain, we compared the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of beta-EP and its precursor proopiomelanocortin (POMC) between 15 diabetic patients with chronic painful diabetic polyneuropathy, eight patients with severe painless diabetic neuropathy, and ten nondiabetic controls. Both peptides were measured by specific monoclonal antibody-based two-site immunoradiometric assays (IRMAs). In the diabetic patients with painful neuropathy, mean +/- SD CSF beta-EP concentrations (5.7 +/- 2.2 pmol/L) were comparable to those of the diabetic patients with painless neuropathy (6.0 +/- 2.3 pmol/L) and did not correlate with the severity of neuropathic pain. CSF beta-EP, but not POMC, concentrations were lower in the diabetic neuropathic patients overall (5.8 +/- 1.9 pmol/L) compared to the control subjects (7.6 +/- 2.2 pmol/L) (p < 0.05). CSF POMC showed no intergroup differences. However, POMC levels were 80-fold higher than those of beta-EP and should always be considered when interpreting immunoreactive beta-EP or other derivative peptide levels in CSF. We conclude that CSF beta-EP levels appear to be reduced in diabetic polyneuropathy but they do not relate to the presence of neuropathic pain. This might explain why opioid analgesics are of little, if any, help in alleviating diabetic neuropathic pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Manchester, Hope Hospital, Salford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tsigos
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Crosby
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Young
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015592:Immunoradiometric Assay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D011336:Probability; D012016:Reference Values; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D001615:beta-Endorphin / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D001615:beta-Endorphin; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin