title: Acute hepatic and renal toxicity in lambs dosed with fumonisin-containing culture material.
abstract: To examine the effects of acute exposure to fumonisin-containing culture material (FCCM), 15 crossbred wether lambs were dosed intraruminally with FCCM containing 0 (CONTROL, n = 3), 11.1 (LOW, n = 4), 22.2 (MED, n = 4), or 45.5 (HIGH, n = 4) mg of total fumonisins (B1, B2, and B3)/kg BW daily for 4 d. Blood samples were collected daily, and on d 11 lambs were killed and necropsied. Changes in serum constituents in fumonisin-treated lambs indicative of liver damage, included increased (P < .05) activities of alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase. Serum concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides, urea nitrogen, and creatinine were also increased (P < .05) in lambs dosed with FCCM. Hemoglobin tended to increase (P = .07) and white blood cell count tended to decrease (P = .08) in HIGH lambs and activated partial thromboplastin time tended to decrease (P < .10) in lambs dosed with LOW and MED treatments. Mitogen-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis was not different (P = .14) among treatments. Feed intake markedly decreased (P < .01) following the first dosing of FCCM and continued to decline throughout the study. Ruminal VFA concentrations and pH tended to decrease (P < .10) at d 11 in treated lambs. Relative liver and kidney weights (g/100 g of BW) increased (P < .05) in fumonisin-treated lambs. Histiolgical examination revealved tubular nephrosis and mild hepatopathy in dosed lambs. Lambs receiving the HIGH treatment died on d 3, 4, 5, and 7 of the study and on d 9 one lamb on the MED treatment died.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Protection Research Laboratory, USDA, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Edrington
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kamps-Holtzapple
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Kubena
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Elissalde
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Rottinghaus
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001772:Blood Cell Count / Q000662:veterinary; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D037341:Fumonisins; D005670:Fusarium / Q000378:metabolism; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D012756:Sheep / Q000502:physiology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D037341:Fumonisins; D006454:Hemoglobins; D009183:Mycotoxins; D014280:Triglycerides; C056934:fumonisin B2; C073063:fumonisin B3; C056933:fumonisin B1; D002784:Cholesterol; D003404:Creatinine; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase