title: Cardiologists' practices compared with practice guidelines: use of beta-blockade after acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to measure cardiologists' level of adherence to guidelines for long-term use of beta-adrenergic blocker therapy after acute myocardial infarction.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Beta-blocker therapy after acute myocardial infarction has been shown to reduce the incidence of reinfarction and associated mortality. To learn about cardiologists' use of this therapy after hospital discharge and their level of adherence to American College of Cardiology guidelines, we analyzed insurance claims from 17 network-model health plans located throughout the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group included 150 cardiologists who had contracts with one of the health plans and their 280 patients who were plan members (excluding Medicare enrollees) and received inpatient treatment for acute myocardial infarction that did not include revascularization during 1992. These patients accounted for 307 separate hospital admissions. Insurance claims were used to measure beta-blocker usage and to identify possible contraindications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-three percent of the cases (131 of 307) involved apparent deviations from the guidelines: 11% of cases (35 of 307) involved possible errors of commission (beta-blocker given in the presence of a contraindication) and 31% (96 of 307) errors of omission (beta-blocker not given in the absence of a contraindication). Of the 185 patients who were eligible for the therapy (no contraindications), only 48% (89 of 185) were treated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiologists currently exhibit a low level of compliance with their specialty's guidelines for postinfarction beta-blockade. Slightly fewer than 50% of the study patients who were eligible for treatment actually received a beta-blocker after hospital discharge. This result, combined with the drug's known level of effectiveness in preventing recurrent myocardial infarction, suggests that increased use could avert approximately 1,900 deaths annually nationwide.
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Care Policy and Evaluation and Medical Services Group, United HealthCare Corporation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Newcomer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Freiburger
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004363:Drug Utilization; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists