title: Experimental transmission of Ehrlichia chaffeensis (Rickettsiales: Ehrlichieae) among white-tailed deer by Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae).
abstract: Ehrlichia chaffeensis Anderson, Dawson & Wilson, causative agent of human (predominantly monocytic) ehrlichiosis, was successfully transmitted experimentally by Amblyomma americanum (L.) to white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmerman). Deer were needle-exposed intravenously to E. chaffeensis in tissue-culture canine macrophage (DH82) cells, and 11 d later were exposed to laboratory-reared A. americanum larvae, nymphs, and adults for acquisition feeding. Three months after this feeding, naive deer and dogs were exposed to recently molted nymphs and adults. Attempted reisolation of the pathogen by way of tissue culture was successful from one needle-exposed deer but not from the tick-exposed deer or dogs. Based on serologic evidence and polymerase chain reaction data, both nymphal and adult ticks transmitted E. chaffeensis to naive deer but not to dogs.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078, USA.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ewing
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kocan
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Panciera
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kocan
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Blouin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D001483:Base Sequence; D003670:Deer / Q000382:microbiology*; D004285:Dogs; D018469:Ehrlichia chaffeensis / Q000235:genetics; D016873:Ehrlichiosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009758:Nymph; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013987:Ticks / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial