title: Parent-child relationship disorders. Part I. Parental overprotection and the development of the Parent Protection Scale.
abstract: There is a spectrum of parental protective behaviors promoting child safety and security, ranging from neglect to overprotection. This paper describes the development and psychometric properties of a new measure of parental protective behaviors toward children age 2 to 10 years, the Parent Protection Scale (PPS). Items were selected to represent key dimensions of protective behaviors. Factor analyses suggested four subscales: Supervision, Separation Problems, Dependence, and Control. The PPS has acceptable internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and clinical validity. Norms by child age in the form of cutoff points corresponding to +1 SD were determined. Clinical and research uses for the PPS are noted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thomasgard
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Edelbrock
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Shonkoff
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008425:Maternal Behavior; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting; D010332:Paternal Behavior; D002666:Psychology, Child; D011594:Psychometrics; D012737:Sex Factors