title: Ovulation induction in premature ovarian failure: a placebo-controlled randomized trial combining pituitary suppression with gonadotropin stimulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of pituitary suppression with a GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) on the success of ovulation induction with exogenous gonadotropins in patients with premature ovarian failure (POF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study. The data were analyzed with a Fisher exact test.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tertiary care academic center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Fertility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients with POF, 15 in each group.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study consisted of four phases: phase 1, no interventions; phase 2, a 4-week period in which the patients received either 1,000 micrograms intranasal buserelin acetate daily or placebo; phase 3, a 3-week period during which the patients additionally received hMG in weekly augmented doses, two, four, and six ampules daily in the first, second, and third weeks, respectively. Ovulation was induced whenever the follicular diameter reached 18 mm and/or total 24-hour estrogen excretion > 140 micrograms (500 nmol). Luteal support was 5,000 IU hCG every 72 hours; phase 4, no interventions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Follicular growth was seen in five patients of the agonist group and in four patients of the placebo group. Three of 15 patients in the agonist group ovulated versus none in the placebo group. The difference was not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fact that 3 of 15 cycles cotreated with a GnRH-a were ovulatory versus none in the placebo-treated group appeared not to be enough evidence to demonstrate that pituitary suppression with a GnRH-a improves the success of ovulation induction with exogenous gonadotropins in patients with POF.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Endocrinology, Reproduction and Metabolism, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: van Kasteren
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoek
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schoemaker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002064:Buserelin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000187:drug effects*; D016649:Primary Ovarian Insufficiency / Q000628:therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D002064:Buserelin