title: Mortality of infants < 6 mo of age supplemented with vitamin A: a randomized, double-masked trial in Nepal.
abstract: The effect of supplementing 11,918 infants < 1 mo and 1-5 mo of age with vitamin A (15,000 and 30,000 micrograms retinol equivalents or 50,000 and 100,000 IU, respectively) or a placebo on subsequent 4-mo mortality was assessed in a randomized, double-masked community trial in the rural plains of Nepal. There were 130 deaths (51.6/1000 child-y) in the control group and 150 deaths (57.1/1000 child-y) in the vitamin A group, yielding a relative risk of 1.11 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.42), which is indicative of no overall effect on early infant mortality. There was a tendency for the relative risk of mortality among vitamin A recipients to rise with improved nutritional status. These results suggest that distribution of a large oral dose of vitamin A to infants < 5-6 mo of age may not benefit short-term survival. This is in contrast with the results of trials in which older infants and children in this same population were supplemented.
authors.affiliation: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: LeClerq
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Khatry
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Pradhan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Adhikari
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Pokhrel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sommer
mesh_terms: D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009390:Nepal / Q000453:epidemiology; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D014801:Vitamin A