title: Promoting the use of advance directives. An empirical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of a practical method to increase patient completion and filing of advance directives.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of structured discussions, information, and mailed reminders on completion of advance directives by internal medicine outpatients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Presence of advance directives in patients' medical files. Secondary analyses include (1) participant satisfaction with procedures, (2) data on delayed effects of discussion, and (3) data on discrepancies in patients' completion of forms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six months following the intervention, 23% of patients in the experimental group and 3% of patients in the control group had directives on file. The findings were statistically significant. Patients, nurses, and physicians were satisfied with intervention procedures. Chart reviews at 6 weeks and 6 months indicated that intervention effects were delayed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Structured discussions and follow-up mailings substantially increased use of advance directives and were time effective and cost-effective.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Development, University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA.
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Langel
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Fawcett
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paine-Andrews
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Biehler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manning
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016223:Advance Directives; D000368:Aged; D035061:Control Groups; D036262:Empirical Research; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007388:Internal Medicine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010045:Outpatients