title: Comparison of the genomes of the wild-type French viscerotropic strain of yellow fever virus with its vaccine derivative French neurotropic vaccine.
abstract: The French neurotropic vaccine, or FNV, was used extensively in Africa to control yellow fever (YF). Although efficacious, the vaccine caused an unacceptable rate of post-vaccinal complications in children and was subsequently replaced by the 17D vaccine. Here we report that the genomes of the wild-type YF virus French viscerotropic virus and its attenuated vaccine derivative, FNV virus from the Institut Pasteur, Paris, (FNV-IP) differ by 77 nucleotides encoding 35 amino acid substitutions. Comparison of FNV-IP and three other isolates of FNV with other YF vaccine strains (17D-204 and 17DD derived from wild-type strain Asibi) revealed that during the two attenuation processes two common nucleotide changes arose that encode two amino acid substitutions: one is in the membrane protein at amino acid 35 (M-35), the other in non-structural (NS) protein 4B at NS4B-95. These common substitutions may be important in the process of attenuation of viscerotropic disease for humans and monkeys, and/or may be involved in loss of mosquito competence of the vaccine viruses.
authors.affiliation: Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0605, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Ryman
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Jennings
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Taffs
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Minor
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Barrett
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005602:France; D005814:Genes, Viral; D016679:Genome, Viral; D000882:Haplorhini; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000032:analysis; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000235:genetics; D014709:Vero Cells; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015005:Yellow fever virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D004279:DNA, Viral; D009711:Nucleotides; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C078400:yellow fever virus envelope protein E