title: CD40 ligation induces Apo-1/Fas expression on human B lymphocytes and facilitates apoptosis through the Apo-1/Fas pathway.
abstract: The Apo-1/Fas antigen (CD95) mediates programmed cell death of lymphocytes when bound by Fas ligand or anti-Apo-1/Fas antibody. In contrast, the CD40 antigen provides a potent activation and survival signal to B lymphocytes when it is engaged by its T cell ligand (CD40L, gp39) or cross-linked by anti-CD40 antibody. In this study, we use human tonsillar B cells and the Ramos Burkitt's lymphoma B cell line, which serves as a model for human germinal center B lymphocytes, to study the effectors of Apo-1/Fas expression and apoptosis of human B cells. We found that Apo-1/Fas expression was upregulated on both malignant and normal human B lymphocytes after CD40 ligation induced by (a) cognate T helper-B cell interaction mediated by microbial superantigen (SAg); (b) contact-dependent interaction with CD40L+, but not CD40L- Jurkat mutant T cell clones; and (c) monoclonal anti-CD40, but not any of a panel of control antibodies. Enhanced B cell Fas/Apo-1 expression is functionally significant. Coculture of Ramos Burkitt's lymphoma line cells with irradiated SAg-reactive CD4+ T cells with SAg or CD40L+ Jurkat T cells results in B cell apoptosis, evidenced by reduced cell viability and DNA laddering. This process is augmented by the addition of anti-Apo-1/Fas monoclonal antibody, consistent with an acquired susceptibility to Apo-1/Fas-mediated apoptosis. These data support an immunoregulatory pathway in which seemingly contradictory signals involving the B cell proliferation/survival antigen CD40, as well as the Apo-1/Fas molecule, which mediates programmed cell death of lymphocytes, are linked in the process of human B cell activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Schattner
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Elkon
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tumang
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Krammer
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Crow
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Friedman
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002051:Burkitt Lymphoma / Q000473:pathology; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000502:physiology*; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004249:DNA Damage; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D015459:Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / Q000473:pathology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000166:cytology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D019013:CD40 Antigens; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D019014:fas Receptor; D023201:CD40 Ligand