title: Apigenin, a component of Matricaria recutita flowers, is a central benzodiazepine receptors-ligand with anxiolytic effects.
abstract: The dried flower heads of Matricaria recutita L. (Asteraceae) are used in folk medicine to prepare a spasmolytic and sedative tea. Our fractionation of the aqueous extract of this plant led to the detection of several fractions with significant affinity for the central benzodiazepine receptor and to the isolation and identification of 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone (apigenin) in one of them. Apigenin competitively inhibited the binding of flunitrazepam with a Ki of 4 microM and had no effect on muscarinic receptors, alpha 1-adrenoceptors, and on the binding of muscimol to GABAA receptors. Apigenin had a clear anxiolytic activity in mice in the elevated plusmaze without evidencing sedation or muscle relaxant effects at doses similar to those used for classical benzodiazepines and no anticonvulsant action was detected. However, a 10-fold increase in dosage produced a mild sedative effect since a 26% reduction in ambulatory locomotor activity and a 35% decrement in hole-board parameters were evident. The results reported in this paper demonstrate that apigenin is a ligand for the central benzodiazepine receptors exerting anxiolytic and slight sedative effects but not being anticonvulsant or myorelaxant.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Viola
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wasowski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Levi de Stein
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wolfman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dajas
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Paladini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism*; D020843:Chamomile; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005445:Flunitrazepam / Q000378:metabolism; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D008024:Ligands; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000378:metabolism*; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D008024:Ligands; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D005445:Flunitrazepam