title: Characterization of a nuclear protein that interacts with regulatory elements in the human B creatine kinase gene.
abstract: The B creatine kinase gene is regulated by an array of positive and negative cis-elements in the 5'-flanking DNA that function in both muscle and nonmuscle cells. In C2C12 myogenic cells M and B creatine kinase mRNAs are coordinately up-regulated in the early stages of myogenesis and then undergo distinct regulatory programs. The B creatine kinase gene is down-regulated in the late stages of myogenesis as M creatine kinase becomes the predominant species in mature myotubes. Sequences between -92 and +80 of the B creatine kinase gene confer a regulated pattern of expression to chimeric plasmids that closely resembles the time-course of expression of the endogenous B creatine kinase gene in C2C12 cells undergoing differentiation. We show that sequences within the first exon of the B creatine kinase gene are important for the development regulation of the gene in C2C12 cells and that these sequences bind a nuclear protein that shows a similar tissue-specific distribution and developmentally regulated expression to that of the endogenous B creatine kinase gene.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Wilks
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Billadello
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009132:Muscles / Q000196:embryology / Q000201:enzymology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000201:enzymology; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D003402:Creatine Kinase