title: Expression and biological activities of bovine interleukin 4: effects of recombinant bovine interleukin 4 on T cell proliferation and B cell differentiation and proliferation in vitro.
abstract: Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a pleotropic cytokine affecting a wide range of cell types in both the mouse and the human. These activities include regulation of the growth and differentiation of both T and B lymphocytes. The activities of IL-4 in nonprimate, nonmurine systems are not well established. Herein, we demonstrate in the bovine system that IL-4 upregulates production of IgM, IgG1, and IgE in the presence of a variety of costimulators including anti-IgM, Staphylococcus aureus cowan strain I, and pokeweed mitogen. IgE responses are potentiated by the addition of IL-2 to IL-4. Culture of bovine B lymphocytes with IL-4 in the absence of additional costimulators resulted in the increased surface expression of CD23 (low-affinity Fc epsilon RII), IgM, IL-2R, and MHC class II in a dose-dependent manner. IL-4 alone increased basal levels of proliferation of bulk peripheral blood mononuclear cells but in the presence of Con A inhibited proliferation. In contrast to the activities of IL-4 in the murine system, proliferation of TH1- and TH2-like clones was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner as assessed by antigen-or IL-2-driven in vitro proliferative responses. These observations are consistent with the role of IL-4 as a key player in regulation of both T and B cell responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Estes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: V T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Heussler
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Dobbelaere
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D016793:Babesia bovis / Q000276:immunology; D002417:Cattle; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005210:Fasciola hepatica / Q000276:immunology; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D017455:Receptors, IgE / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D017455:Receptors, IgE; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007073:Immunoglobulin E