Expression of integrin receptors and ICAM-1 on keratinocytes in vivo and in an in vitro reconstructed epidermis: effect of sodium dodecyl sulphate.
Several integrin heterodimers such as alpha 2 beta 1, alpha 6 beta 4 and alpha v beta 5 are expressed on basal keratinocytes of the epidermis. Because overexpression of these integrins as well as induction of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) have been found in inflammatory dermatoses, we sought to determine whether these modulations could be used as markers of skin irritation. In normal epidermis, topical application of 1% sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) for 24 h caused an upregulation of alpha 3, beta 1, alpha 6, beta 4, alpha v, beta 5 and to a lesser extent alpha 2 integrin chains as well as an induction of ICAM-1. To investigate whether these parameters could also be used for evaluation of skin irritancy in vitro, SDS was applied for 24 h to reconstructed epidermis on de-epidermized dermis (RE-DED). In RE-DED, integrin overexpression and aberrant alpha 5 expression was seen under normal in vitro culture conditions and topical application of SDS caused only marginal additional upregulation. We could not detect any ICAM-1 reactivity on either normal or irritated RE-DED. Our results demonstrate that the modulation of integrin and ICAM-1 expression can be used as markers of irritation of the epidermis in vivo, but not in vitro.
von den Driesch
P
P
Department of Dermatology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
Fartasch
M
M
Hüner
A
A
Ponec
M
M
D015415:Biomarkers; D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000209:etiology; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007509:Irritants / Q000633:toxicity; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000633:toxicity*; D015854:Up-Regulation
D015415:Biomarkers; D016023:Integrins; D007509:Irritants; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate