title: Vaccination against feline immunodeficiency virus using fixed infected cells.
abstract: Crandell feline kidney cells and feline thymocytes, either feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infected or uninfected, were fixed with paraformaldehyde and used to vaccinate cats. The cells were mixed with a 30:70 water/mineral oil emulsion containing 250 micrograms ml-1 N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-beta-(1-4)-N-acetyl-muramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutam ine. Eighteen specific pathogen-free cats were vaccinated three times with 3-week intervals and challenged 21 days after the final boost with a low dose of the homologous FIV-UT113 strain. Eight out of ten cats that had received FIV-infected cell vaccines developed significant anti-FIV antibody titres to the envelope and core antigens. Neutralizing antibodies were detectable at the moment of challenge in the sera of these animals. Within 5 weeks after challenge 15 out of 18 cats became viraemic. Three animals, two that had been vaccinated with FIV-infected thymocytes and did not develop antibody, and one that had received an uninfected thymocyte preparation, remained uninfected for 6 months. Upon rechallenge of the three animals, two again resisted infection; these cats had been immunized with the infected and the uninfected thymocyte preparations, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Veterinary Faculty, University Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Verschoor
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: van Vliet
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Egberink
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hesselink
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: van Alphen
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Joosten
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Boog
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Horzinek
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Ronde
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001483:Base Sequence; D002415:Cats; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D016181:Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016089:Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000821:virology; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology; D016707:Tissue Fixation; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D014766:Viremia / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D017931:DNA Primers; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines