title: Developmental changes in brain metabolism in sedated rhesus macaques and vervet monkeys revealed by positron emission tomography.
abstract: The present positron emission tomography study used 2-deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose to examine age-related changes in local cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (LCMRglc) in sedated rhesus macaques and vervet monkeys. Nineteen vervet monkeys were scanned in a cross-sectional design, which consisted of three age groups (birth to 59 d, 60-179 d, 180 d to adult) that captured the developmental period of greatest synaptic density within the second group. Two rhesus and two vervet monkeys were also examined longitudinally. Subjects were sedated throughout the procedure with a combination of ketamine and midazolam. Longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses of 20 brain regions indicated lowest LCMRglc in rhesus and vervet monkeys < 2 months of age (about 60% of adult levels). These metabolic rates more than doubled to approximately 155% of adult levels after the second postnatal month, coincident with transient synaptic overproduction and increased sociobehavioral activity. LCMRglc remained high until 6 months postnatally, coincident with continued dendritic growth and the emerging sociobehavioral independence of the young monkey. After 6 months, LCMRglc decreased gradually to adult levels. Thus, the period between 2 and 6 months is a time of peak metabolic activity, which coincides with increased histologic and behavioral activity in the developing monkey.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Colorado College, Colorado Springs 80903-3298, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Chugani
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Allada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Phelps
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Pollack
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Raleigh
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D013788:Thalamus / Q000378:metabolism; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D003847:Deoxyglucose; D005947:Glucose