title: Evaluation of health education programs: current assessment and future directions.
abstract: Recently there has been an increase in the different types of strategies used in health education interventions, including an emphasis on broadening programs focused on individual behavior change to include larger units of practice. There has also been an increasing critique of the traditional physical science paradigm for evaluating the multiple dimensions inherent in many interventions. Additionally, there is a growing recognition of the importance of involving multiple stakeholders in designing, implementing, and evaluating interventions. Each of these factors carries specific evaluation challenges. With the overall aim of strengthening the evaluation of health education programs, this article aims to (a) present conceptual and technical design issues and options, (b) describe different approaches to evaluation, (c) highlight evaluation approaches that have been effective, (d) critique the limitations of traditional evaluation approaches, (e) examine promising approaches and implications for future evaluations, and (f) provide recommendations for evaluation designs, data collection methods, roles, responsibilities, and principles for evaluating interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-2029, USA.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Israel
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Dignan
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Heaney
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Perales
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Simons-Morton
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
mesh_terms: D005544:Forecasting; D015438:Health Behavior; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D006302:Health Services Research / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D015397:Program Evaluation