title: Inhalation exposure to JP-8 jet fuel alters pulmonary function and substance P levels in Fischer 344 rats.
abstract: In a simulated military flightline exposure protocol, Fischer 344 rats (F344) were used to investigate the pulmonary effects of JP-8 jet fuel inhalation. Exposures were nose only and for 1 h daily. Groups were exposed for 7 days (7D) or 28 days (28D). Each exposure group had a matched longitudinal control group (LC7 and LC28). Exposure concentrations of 520 mg m-3 caused an increase in dynamic compliance after 7 days of exposure, but compliance changes were not seen with continued exposure (28D, 495 mg m-3). Pulmonary resistance was increased in both 7- and 28-day JP-8-exposed groups. Changes in pulmonary function were accompanied by a decrease in substance P concentrations from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). No significant change was observed in BALF levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, the stable metabolite of prostacyclin, which is a marker of endothelial cell function. The JP-8-exposed rats gained significantly less weight during the study period than the LC7 and LC28 groups, and the lungs of the 7D group were heavier by wet lung/body weight ratio (WtL/WtB). Alveolar clearance of technetium-labelled diethylenetriamine pentaacetate ([99mTc]DTPA) was increased in jet fuel-exposed groups. Light microscopy showed no pathological evidence of lung injury. Recovery from the early pulmonary effects of JP-8 inhalation occurred with continued exposure, as seen by recovery of pulmonary compliance and WtL/WtB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pfaff
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Parton
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Lantz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hays
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Witten
mesh_terms: D015121:6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha / Q000032:analysis; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000401:Aircraft; D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008170:Lung Compliance / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009079:Mucociliary Clearance / Q000187:drug effects; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000187:drug effects*; D013373:Substance P / Q000032:analysis*; D016284:Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate
chemical_list: D006838:Hydrocarbons; D013373:Substance P; D015121:6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; D016284:Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate