title: 'Microgastria--limb reduction' complex with congenital heart disease and twinning.
abstract: We report a newborn, the second of male twins, with multiple abnormalities, including microphthalmia, a complex cardiovascular malformation, asplenia, anomalous lobation of the lungs, oesophageal atresia, microgastria, intestinal malrotation, anal atresia, multicystic dysplastic kidneys, and reduction defects of the upper extremities. These defects fit into the so-called 'microgastria-limb reduction' complex. Two of twelve previously reported patients with this complex were from discordant twin pairs. The occurrence of twinning in three out of 13 cases suggests that the origin of the 'microgastria-limb reduction' complex may be related to the process of twinning itself.
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Genetics, University of Baltimore, Maryland School of Medicine, MD 21201-1703, USA.
authors.forename: I W
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Lurie
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Magee
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ferencz
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple; D004200:Diseases in Twins; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital; D006801:Humans; D017880:Limb Deformities, Congenital; D008297:Male; D013270:Stomach / Q000002:abnormalities