title: A newly developed immunofluorescence assay for simultaneous detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and type 2.
abstract: Immunofluorescence assays (IFA) that simultaneously distinguish between antibodies against closely related human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) infections have not been readily available. Serum specimens from 95 HIV-1-infected, 26 HIV-2-infected and 3 HIV-1/HIV-2 dually infected individuals and 106 seronegative blood donors were evaluated for the ability to serologically discriminate HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections by means of IFA employing three types of cells whose morphology varied within one field of microscopy. Mixtures of HIV-1-infected, HIV-2-infected and uninfected cells were used in the present study. In consequence, all serum specimens from individuals infected with HIV were confirmed to contain antibodies to HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. None of the sera from the blood donors were positive. Serum specimens from HIV-1-infected or HIV-2-infected individuals were diagnosed as single infection with HIV-1 (85/95) and HIV-2 (22/26), respectively, by this new assay. Although another 14 (10/95 and 4/26) were shown to be seropositive for both HIV-1-infected and HIV-2-infected cells, these results suggest that this assay is potentially simple and useful for screening and confirming both HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections simultaneously.
authors.affiliation: Department of Viral Infections, Osaka University, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanabe-Tochikura
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Ang Singh
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuchie
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Paladin
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurimura
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D003429:Cross Reactions; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D018023:HIV Seronegativity / Q000276:immunology; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies