title: Bioavailability of sulphate and dihydrochloride salts of quinine.
abstract: A comparative bioavailability of three formulations of quinine was performed in 6 healthy male adult Africans after intravenous infusion of 600mg quinine hydrochloride in 0.9% saline over 4 hours and after single oral doses of 600mg quinine sulphate capsule, 600mg quinine dihydrochloride plain tablet and 600mg quinine sulphate sugar coated tablet. The drugs were given according to a randomised cross-over design. The quinine sulphate coated tablet was found to contain no quinine. There was no statistical significant difference (P > 0.05) in the plasma Cmax, tmax, AUC and Ka values between the quinine sulphate capsule and quinine dihydrochloride plain tablet, although a considerable degree of inter- and intra-individual variability in the pharmacokinetic parameters was observed. The absolute bioavailability was 64.5 and 64.3% for the quinine sulphate capsule and the quinine dihydrochloride plain tablet respectively. The non-detection of quinine in the sugar coated tablet (obtained from Nigeria) confirms the presence of fake circulating antimalarial drugs in the country.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sowunmi
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Salako
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Ogunbona
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001682:Biological Availability; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002712:Chlorides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria; D011803:Quinine / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012492:Salts; D013810:Therapeutic Equivalency
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D012492:Salts; D011803:Quinine