title: Calcium supplementation of hen drinking water.
abstract: Two experiments with White Leghorn hens (42 and 56 wk old, respectively) examined the effects of calcium supplementation through drinking water in the presence of adequate and inadequate dietary calcium. Each experiment was of 28 d duration with six replicate pens of five individually caged hens in each treatment. Treatments were a combination of either 2.25 or 3.5% dietary calcium coupled with tap water or water supplemented with .2% calcium from calcium lactate. In both studies, specific gravity of eggs was significantly improved when low dietary calcium was supplemented with .2% calcium in the drinking water. Egg production and egg weight were not influenced by waterborne calcium. Daily water intake was reduced by calcium lactate in all cases. Feed consumption was also depressed by waterborne calcium in both studies when 3.5% dietary calcium was given, and in Experiment 1 when 2.25% was fed. Waterborne calcium as calcium lactate was found to be effectively utilized for eggshell quality improvement when dietary sources were inadequate.
authors.affiliation: Dairy and Poultry Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611-0930, USA.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Damron
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Flunker
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D004326:Drinking; D004528:Egg Shell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D010063:Ovum; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D014867:Water