title: Immunophenotyping of congenital myopathies: disorganization of sarcomeric, cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix proteins.
abstract: We have studied the expression and distribution patterns of the intermediate filament proteins desmin and vimentin, the sarcomere components titin, nebulin and myosin, the basement membrane constituents collagen type IV and laminin, and the reticular layer component collagen type VI in skeletal muscle of patients with "classic" congenital myopathies (CM), using indirect immunofluorescence assays. In all biopsy specimens obtained from patients with central core disease (CCD), nemaline myopathy (NM), X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) and centronuclear myopathy (CNM), disease-specific desmin disturbances were observed. Vimentin was present in immature fibres in severe neonatal NM, and as sarcoplasmic aggregates in one case of CNM, while the amounts of vimentin and embryonic myosin, observed in XLMTM, decreased with age of the patients. Abnormal expression of myosin isoforms was found in several CM biopsies, although the organization of myosin and other sarcomere components was rarely disturbed. Basement membrane and reticular layer proteins were often prominently increased in severe cases of CM. We conclude that (i) desmin is a marker for individual types of CM and might be used for diagnostic purposes; (ii) the expression patterns of the differentiation markers desmin, vimentin and embryonic myosin in XLMTM, point either to a postnatal muscle fibre maturation or to a variable time-point of maturational arrest in individual patients; (iii) the correlation between the distribution patterns of extracellular matrix proteins and clinical presentation points to a role of these proteins in pathophysiology of CM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: van der Ven
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Jap
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: ter Laak
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Sengers
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Stadhouders
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Ramaekers
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003094:Collagen / Q000032:analysis; D064211:Connectin; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D003893:Desmin / Q000032:analysis; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007797:Laminin / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000151:congenital / Q000378:metabolism*; D009218:Myosins / Q000032:analysis; D011494:Protein Kinases; D012518:Sarcomeres / Q000737:chemistry*; D014746:Vimentin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D064211:Connectin; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D003893:Desmin; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D007797:Laminin; D009124:Muscle Proteins; C577285:TTN protein, human; D014746:Vimentin; C035620:nebulin; D003094:Collagen; D011494:Protein Kinases; D009218:Myosins