title: N-methyl-D-aspartate- or glutamate-mediated toxicity in cultured rat cortical neurons is antagonized by FPL 15896AR.
abstract: The neuroprotective action of (S)-alpha-phenyl-2-pyridineethanamine dihydrochloride (FPL 15896AR), a novel noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, was examined in primary rat cortical neuronal cultures. Exposure of cortical cultures to NMDA (50 microM) or glutamate (50 microM) for 15 min resulted in the death of 85-95% of the neurons during the next 24 h. This neurotoxicity was completely eliminated by adding FPL 15896AR (50 microM) to the cultures during the time of NMDA or glutamate exposure. Neuroprotective concentrations of FPL 15896AR also inhibited other acute effects of NMDA. FPL 15896AR (50 microM) prevented the loss of membrane-associated protein kinase C activity that developed by 4 h after transient exposure to 50 microM NMDA or 50 microM glutamate. FPL 15896AR also reduced by approximately 35% the magnitude of NMDA-triggered increases in intracellular free Ca2+ concentration in the cortical cultures. These data indicate that NMDA-mediated toxicity in cultured cortical neurons can be blocked by the NMDA antagonist FPL 15896AR.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mealing
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Durkin
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Whitfield
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blosser
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D005971:Glutamates / Q000633:toxicity*; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D005971:Glutamates; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D011725:Pyridines; C096406:alpha-phenyl-2-pyridineethanamine dihydrochloride; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D011493:Protein Kinase C