Skin cancer and warts in immunosuppressed renal transplant recipients.
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is increasingly recognised as a complication of long-term immunosuppression and has been particularly studied in renal transplant recipients (RTR). A population study of renal transplant recipients has been performed with analysis of those features contributing to a high rate of detection of NMSC, such that 40% patients with fair skin have NMSC 5 years after transplantation. 90% of the total patient population have warts 5 years after transplantation, many being atypical and in sun-exposed sites. Therefore, contributory factors in these patients include not only the global immunosuppression, ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced mutagenesis and photoimmunosuppression, but also the widespread presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, including the unusual epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV)-associated cutaneous oncogenic HPV.
Leigh
I M
IM
Department of Dermatology, Royal London Hospital Trust, UK.
Glover
M T
MT
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D004817:Epidermis / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005834:Genital Neoplasms, Male / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D007972:Leukoplakia, Oral / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D013472:Sunlight / Q000009:adverse effects; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects; D014860:Warts / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology