title: Preemptive analgesia: a research review.
abstract: Current clinical research studying the administration of local anesthetics, opioids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents prior to various types of surgery are reviewed. These agents can reduce pain and improve patient management in the postoperative period, but this technique can be controversial. Implications for nurses are discussed.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D000777:Anesthetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009294:Narcotics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000451:nursing; D011292:Premedication / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D009294:Narcotics