title: Recrudescence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with healed duodenal ulcer after treatment with different regimens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the 12-month posttherapy recurrence (recrudescence) of Helicobacter pylori in patients with healed duodenal ulcer after apparent eradication of the organism with anti-H. pylori treatment. The influence of original anti-H. pylori treatment regimens on the recrudescence was also evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and ninety patients who had duodenal ulcer healed and H. pylori eradicated (as assessed by four routine techniques 4 wk after the end of anti-H. pylori therapy) with one of five regimens were studied. The five regimens were: 1) colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS) 120 mg; 2) CBS plus amoxicillin (500 mg); 3) CBS plus metronidazole (400 mg); 4) CBS plus metronidazole and amoxicillin; and 5) CBS plus metronidazole and tetracycline (500 mg). CBS was taken four times daily for 4 wk, and antibiotics were taken three times daily for the first week. The patients were re-endoscoped, and the status of H. pylori, duodenal ulcer, and gastritis was assessed after a period of follow-up (mean 14 months after commencement of treatment).
  
  
  RESULTS
  H. pylori infection recurred in 36 (18.9%) of these patients. Recrudescence rate with monotherapy was 47.1%, with dual therapy 29.2-35% and with triple therapy 9.2-14.3%. Nineteen (52.7%) of the 36 patients with recrudescent infection had ulcer relapse, and the rate for H. pylori-negative patients was 3.2% (5/154).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recrudescence of H. pylori infection after apparent eradication can occur, but it could be that the treatment was only suppressing the organism. The definition of eradication of H. pylori infection may need to be revised, and more sensitive techniques to assess eradication of H. pylori are required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Meath/Adelaide Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: H X
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gilvarry
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beattie
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Keane
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Sweeney
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: O'Morain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001729:Bismuth / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D008795:Metronidazole; D000658:Amoxicillin; D013752:Tetracycline; C002791:bismuth tripotassium dicitrate; D001729:Bismuth