title: Stimulation of tissue-type plasminogen activator gene expression by sodium butyrate and trichostatin A in human endothelial cells involves histone acetylation.
abstract: We have previously shown that the pleiotropic agent sodium butyrate strongly stimulates tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Here we provide the following evidence that the butyrate-induced t-PA expression in HUVEC involves histone H4 acetylation. (1) t-PA induction by butyrate occurs at the transcriptional level and does not require new protein synthesis, indicating a direct effect. (2) t-PA induction by butyrate can be fully mimicked by a specific, structurally unrelated, histone deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A. (3) At optimally stimulatory conditions, a combination of butyrate and trichostatin A does not enhance t-PA production more than each of the compounds alone, indicating that both compounds act through a common regulatory mechanism. (4) Induction of t-PA transcription by butyrate and trichostatin A was found to be preceded by histone H4 acetylation; at suboptimal inducing concentrations of butyrate and trichostatin A, the degree of acetylation of histone H4 caused by each agent was similarly reduced. These results are consistent with a role for histone H4 acetylation in t-PA induction by butyrate in HUVEC.
authors.affiliation: Gaubius Laboratory TNO-PG, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arts
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lansink
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grimbergen
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Toet
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kooistra
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D002087:Butyrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020148:Butyric Acid; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000235:genetics; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002087:Butyrates; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006657:Histones; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020148:Butyric Acid; C012589:trichostatin A; D014212:Tretinoin; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator