title: Allelic differences in the VHOx-1 gene explain the absence of a B cell clonal dominance in the primary response of C57BL/6 mice to phthalate.
abstract: A highly conserved Id (CRIXmp-1) associated with the murine (BALB/c) humoral immune response to the hapten phthalate (Xmp) is conspicuously absent in C57BL/6 mice. The absence of this Id in C57BL/6 mice is shown here to be due to the absence of the appropriate VH gene (VHOx-1) usage in the Xmp response. To determine whether the failure to utilize this VH was due to an active suppression or to the lack of the requisite VH gene in the available repertoire, VHOx-1 gene-specific primers were used to amplify the germ-line VHOx-1 gene from genomic DNA from BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. The germ-line coding sequence of the C57BL/6 allele of the VHOx-1 gene is 99% similar to the germ-line coding sequence of the BALB/c allele. Amplification of cDNA made from splenic RNA from C57BL/6 mice confirmed that this gene is expressed. There are four nucleotide differences that lead to three amino acid changes in the predicted protein sequence. Each change is either in or immediately adjacent to a complementarity-determining region (CDR). Two of these changes are unique to the C57BL/6 allele and are not shared with CRIXmp-1-expressing strains. These two changes are predicted to alter the Xmp binding capabilities of the C57BL/6 allelic form of this VH gene, thereby explaining the absence of the Xmp-1 clonotype, which is dominant in the primary Xmp immune response of most other strains of mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Immunology, Rosewell Park Cancer Institute, Unit of the New York State Department of Health, Buffalo 14263, USA.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Diamond
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abu-hadid
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Falkenberg
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Bankert
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002450:Cell Communication; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D007109:Immunity / Q000276:immunology; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000276:immunology*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D010795:Phthalic Acids; C032279:phthalic acid