title: The WW domain of Yes-associated protein binds a proline-rich ligand that differs from the consensus established for Src homology 3-binding modules.
abstract: The WW domain has previously been described as a motif of 38 semiconserved residues found in seemingly unrelated proteins, such as dystrophin, Yes-associated protein (YAP), and two transcriptional regulators, Rsp-5 and FE65. The molecular function of the WW domain has been unknown until this time. Using a functional screen of a cDNA expression library, we have identified two putative ligands of the WW domain of YAP, which we named WBP-1 and WBP-2. Peptide sequence comparison between the two partial clones revealed a homologous region consisting of a proline-rich domain followed by a tyrosine residue (with the shared sequence PPPPY), which we shall call the PY motif. Binding assays and site-specific mutagenesis have shown that the PY motif binds with relatively high affinity and specificity to the WW domain of YAP, with the preliminary consensus XPPXY being critical for binding. Herein, we have implicated the WW domain with a role in mediating protein-protein interactions, as a variant of the paradigm set by Src homology 3 domains and their proline-rich ligands.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: H I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sudol
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D005260:Female; D015723:Gene Library; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011392:Proline; D051381:Rats; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000091102:YAP-Signaling Proteins
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000091102:YAP-Signaling Proteins; C088374:YAP1 protein, human; D011392:Proline; D005982:Glutathione Transferase