title: Clozapine in the back wards.
abstract: Most reports of clozapine in treatment-refractory patients have dealt with outpatient and/or relatively less chronic samples. This report focuses on clinical outcome in an institutionalized sample, notable for chronicity, poor functioning, and representing the extreme segment of the treatment-refractory population. We analyzed the data for 50 persistently hospitalized patients referred for clozapine treatment in open trials. Dimensions of outcome assessed at baseline and periodically thereafter included psychopathology, cognitive performance, extrapyramidal side effects (EPS), and patient satisfaction. Certain features of clozapine response in institutionalized patients have been underemphasized (e.g., reduced use of restraint and seclusion, greater social interaction, reduced cost for care). Ninety-four percent of this sample showed some form of improvement with clozapine. Improvement ranged from modest (e.g., less EPS) to remarkable (e.g., discharge). An adequate clozapine trial may require more than 6 months.
authors.affiliation: Dartmouth Medical School, Concord, New Hampshire 03301, USA.
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Manschreck
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Redmond
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Beaudette
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003024:Clozapine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009460:Neurologic Examination / Q000187:drug effects; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010343:Patient Admission; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012919:Social Behavior; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003024:Clozapine