title: Current status of academic emergency medicine within academic medicine in the United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the status of emergency medicine within U.S. academic medical centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  All accredited emergency medicine residency programs and all four-year allopathic medical schools in the United States were identified. Institutions were defined as academic medical centers based upon NIH research grant funding. These institutions were ranked using five measures of academic stature: a survey of medical school deans, a survey of internal medicine residency directors, level of research funding, characteristics of the student body, and an unweighted composite variable reflecting overall academic stature. The relationship between institutional academic stature and an empiric scale of institutional affiliation with emergency medicine was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-two institutions were designated academic medical centers. These medical schools captured 90% of all NIH grant monies awarded in fiscal year 1990. Twenty-six of 87 emergency medicine residency programs (30%) were closely affiliated with one of these medical schools. Within academic medical centers, the presence of a residency or an academic department of emergency medicine was inversely associated with the medical school deans' ranking (p < 0.005), research rank (p < 0.001), and composite academic rank (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of emergency medicine residency programs (70%) are not closely affiliated with institutions receiving the bulk (90%) of NIH resources for research. Within the institutions receiving the majority of NIH funding, there is a quantitatively and statistically significant inverse association of institutional emergency medicine affiliation and institutional academic rank.
authors.affiliation: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Social Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.forename: L r
authors.initials: Lr
authors.lastname: Goldfrank
authors.forename: G V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Barsan
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Strange
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Trott
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers / Q000191:economics; D004635:Emergency Medicine / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D009316:National Institutes of Health (U.S.); D012109:Research Support as Topic; D014481:United States