title: Human aldehyde dehydrogenase E3 isozyme is a betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase.
abstract: The E3 isozyme of human aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3), with broad substrate specificity, which also catalyzes dehydrogenation of 4-aminobutyraldehyde, was purified and sequenced recently (1,3). It has been shown during this investigation to have betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. Betaine aldehyde and 4-aminobutyraldehyde activities copurified on six chromatographic columns. Molecular properties of the homogeneous product were identical with those of E3 isozyme. Activity with betaine aldehyde was considerably higher than that with 4-aminobutyraldehyde, the best known substrate. Thus, human E3 isozyme and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.8) are the same enzyme.
authors.affiliation: Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08855-0969, USA.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Chern
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pietruszko
mesh_terms: D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001622:Betaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D050728:Betaine-Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D051381:Rats; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D001622:Betaine; C026820:betaine aldehyde; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D050728:Betaine-Aldehyde Dehydrogenase