title: Psychophysical studies of repetitive wrist flexion and extension.
abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the feasibility of using psychophysical methods to determine maximum acceptable forces for various types and frequencies of repetitive wrist motion. Four adjustable work stations were built to simulate repetitive wrist flexion with a power grip, wrist flexion with a pinch grip, and wrist extension with a power grip. The study consisted of two separate experiments. Subjects worked for two days per week during the first experiment, and five days per week during the second experiment. Fifteen women completed the first experiment, working seven hours each day, two days per week, for 20 days. Repetition rates of 2, 5, 10, 15 and 20 motions per minute were used with each flexion and extension task. Maximum acceptable torques were determined for the various motions, grips, and repetition rates without dramatic changes in wrist strength, tactile sensitivity, or number of symptoms. Fourteen different women completed the second experiment, performing a wrist flexion motion (power grip) fifteen times per minute, seven hours per day, five days per week, for 23 days. There were no significant differences in maximum acceptable torque from day to day. However, the average maximum acceptable torque for a five days per week exposure was 36.3% lower than for the same task performed two days per week. Assuming that maximum acceptable torques decrease 36.3% for other repetition rates and motions, tables of maximum acceptable force were developed for female wrist flexion (power grip), female wrist flexion (pinch grip), and female wrist extension (power grip).
authors.affiliation: Liberty Mutual Insurance Company, Hopkinton, Massachusetts 01748, USA.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Snook
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Vaillancourt
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Ciriello
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Webster
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D012090:Cumulative Trauma Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011601:Psychophysics; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance; D014954:Wrist Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014955:Wrist Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*