title: Social support of inner-city fathers and mothers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine mutual support of inner-city parents and how it relates to the father's expected role as a parent.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  An urban teaching hospital in inner-city Baltimore, Md.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inner-city-dwelling parents whose neonates were born at an urban teaching hospital between March and May 1992.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected through structured independent interviews with each parent during the neonate's hospitalization.
  
  
  METHODS
  General social support was assessed by Sarason's Social Support Questionnaire. Paternal involvement was defined as the father's expected accessibility, engagement in child-rearing tasks, and decision-making responsibility during infancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most mothers and fathers cited the other parent as a source of general support. Most believed that the other parent would help and would not hinder them in their role as parent. For mothers, the father's expected accessibility, engagement, and decision-making responsibility was positively correlated with his general support. For the fathers, expected accessibility was positively related to general support from the mother. As parents' mutual support increased, so did concordance in their expectations of the father's role.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many inner-city parents do rely on each other. Pediatricians can promote shared parenting by recognizing and building on this mutual support.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, USA.
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Boehm
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Duggan
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Dinerman
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: McGowan
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D005220:Fathers / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D010372:Pediatrics; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D012944:Social Support; D014505:Urban Population