title: The influence of adrenalin on the pharmacokinetics of interpleurally administered lidocaine in patients with pancreatic neoplasia.
abstract: The influence of adrenalin on the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine given interpleurally to 10 patients with pancreatic neoplasia was studied. Five patients received an interpleural dose of lidocaine (200 mg; control group), and 5 patients received an interpleural dose of lidocaine (200 mg) plus adrenalin (1:200,000). Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of lidocaine were measured before and at specified times (up to 8 hours) after the dose. The analytical technique was radioimmunoassay; and plasma and CSF data were assessed using noncompartmental analysis. The drug was quickly absorbed into the plasma in the control group (Cmax = 2.76 +/- 0.10 microgram/mL at 0.33 +/- 0.14 hours after administration); whereas drug access to CSF was decreased and occurred slowly (Cmax = 0.32 +/- 0.07 microgram/mL at 1.66 +/- 1.35 hours). The drug was eliminated more quickly from plasma than from CSF, with half-lives of 1.71 +/- 0.43 hours and 3.86 +/- 1.27 hours, respectively. The simultaneous administration of adrenalin delayed absorption (tmax = 0.91 +/- 0.52 hours). The drug elimination half-lives in plasma and CSF of this group increased to 3.22 +/- 1.22 hours and 8.71 +/- 3.28 hours, respectively. The duration of the analgesia, evaluated as the time until the patient needed another dose, increased from 8.2 +/- 1.5 hours in the control group to 9.7 +/- 1.3 hours in the group that received adrenalin. From these results the levels that would be reached on a multiple-dose regimen (D = 200 mg, tau = 8 hours) were predicted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutics, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria, Spain.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pedraz
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gascón
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Ortega
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vara
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muriel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Domínguez-Gil
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000328:Adult; D000698:Analgesia; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010994:Pleura; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008012:Lidocaine; D004837:Epinephrine