title: Differences in substrate metabolism between self-perceived 'large-eating' and 'small-eating' women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare different aspects of intermediary metabolism in self perceived 'small-eating' females and self-perceived near normal weight 'large-eating' females and relate the data to those reported for Pima Indians who have the world's highest prevalence of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and obesity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Make repeat measurements of rates of oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production and blood metabolites in 'large-' and 'small-eating' females at rest, during different activities and after ingestion of a standardised liquid meal.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine self perceived, 'large-eating' females and nine self perceived 'small-eating' females.
  
  
  METHODS
  Resting metabolic rates (RMR), respiratory quotient (RQ) values and plasma insulin, glucagon insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-SO4) and glucose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RMR (adjusted for FFM) averaged 3891 +/- 93 J/min in the 'small-eaters' and 3375 +/- 107 J/min in the 'large-eaters' for ten consecutive measurements conducted at 30 min intervals during the control period for the measurement of the thermic effect of food. Over this period the average RQ for the 'small-eating' women (0.81) was significantly greater than that of the 'large-eating' women (0.78). The two groups responded similarly to an oral glucose tolerance test but the concentration of DHEA-SO4 in plasma was 35% higher in the 'small-eaters'.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 'small-eating' women may have a greater risk of weight gain but they counteract this tendency by maintaining high activity levels.
authors.affiliation: CSIRO, Division of Human Nutrition, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Tomas
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Withers
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brinkman
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ballard
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Nestel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001066:Appetite / Q000502:physiology*; D001481:Basal Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology; D012649:Self Concept
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D005934:Glucagon