title: Perinatal outcome of triplet pregnancies following assisted reproduction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This collaborative work was undertaken to assess perinatal outcome of in vivo conceived triplets to those following in vitro fertilization and assisted reproductive technologies (ART).
  
  
  METHODS
  151 triplets were examined; 56 delivered following ART, 55 following ovulation induction by gonadotropins (GN), 27 following clomiphene citrate (CC), and 13 conceived spontaneously.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean gestational length of triplets following ART (33.2 wks) was not different from those conceived following GN (33.4 wks) or CC (34.2 wks), but was significantly shorter compared to triplets following spontaneous conception (35.3 wks). Mean fetal birthweight following ART (1743 g) did not differ significantly from that following GN (1683 g) or CC (1863 g) but was significantly lower compared to those delivered after spontaneous conception (1963 g). Although no difference was found in the incidence of low birthweight infants between the groups studied, the incidence of very low birthweight newborns (<1500 g) following ART or GN was significantly higher than following spontaneous conceptions (30.6%, 30.3% vs 10.3%). Differences in perinatal mortality were not significantly different between the groups examined (77.9, 60.6, 111.0, 25.6/1000 for ART, GN, CC, and spontaneous conceptions respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, a similar perinatal outcome was shown for triplets conceived following ART and those following ovulation induction by GN, suggesting that the in vitro conditions as such were not the main contributing factor influencing the clinical outcome but rather the GN treatment. Triplets conceived spontaneously have a better outcome compared to those following ovulation induction or ART in terms of gestational length and birthweight.
authors.affiliation: National Registry of the Israel Fertility Association.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Friedler
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mordel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lipitz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mashiach
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Glezerman
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Laufer
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000592:standards*; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D010060:Ovulation / Q000187:drug effects; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011272:Pregnancy, Multiple / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014310:Triplets
chemical_list: D006062:Gonadotropins; D002996:Clomiphene