title: Over-expression of metallothionein and drug-resistance in bladder cancer.
abstract: Metallothionein (MT) in tumor cells has been implicated as one of the factors involved in mechanisms of resistance to anti-cancer drugs, including cis-diaminedichroloplatinum (CDDP) and adriamycin (ADM). The relationship between the expression of MT and chemotherapy with anti-cancer drugs was studied in CDDP- and ADM-resistant human bladder cancer cell lines and tissue samples from clinical cases. In drug-resistant cell lines (T-24/ADM, CI-7/CDDP) established in our laboratory, MT expression was studied by immunohistochemistry using the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method and radioimmunoassay (RIA), using anti-MT antibody. In addition, other potential mechanisms of drug resistance, such as P-glycoprotein expression were examined and the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) determined in these cell lines. The results of these investigations demonstrate that the expression of MT in resistant cell lines increased 2.1- and 2.5-fold when compared with parent cell lines (CI-7, T-24). GSH, GSSG and GST levels were unchanged and P-glycoprotein was not over-expressed. A total of 120 tissue samples from 35 clinical cases of bladder cancer, before and after chemotherapy, were stained for MT which was detected in 10 of the 35 cases before chemotherapy. The incidence of MT expression was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in cases with lower pathological tumor grades.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Okayama University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saika
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsushima
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akebi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nasu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohmori
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D008668:Metallothionein; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione