Speed of onset of analgesic effect of intravenous ketorolac compared to morphine and placebo.
The speed of onset of analgesia following intravenous ketorolac, morphine and placebo was investigated in a single-dose, double-blind, randomized, parallel group study of 105 patients. The onset of analgesia was defined as the time at which the pain intensity score reached 50% of the baseline score in 25% of patients. Post-operative patients with moderate or severe pain were dosed and followed for 1 h. Pain reduction by at least 50% occurred in 25% of patients within 40 min (placebo), 15 min (morphine 5 mg), 6 min (morphine 10 mg) and 20 min (ketorolac 10 mg). The pain reduction time for morphine (10 mg) was significantly shorter than that for ketorolac (P = 0.01) or placebo (P < 0.01).
Rice
A S
AS
Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK.
Whitehead
E M
EM
O'Sullivan
G
G
Lloyd
J
J
Bullingham
R E
RE
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D020910:Ketorolac; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D014046:Tolmetin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D009020:Morphine; D014046:Tolmetin; D020910:Ketorolac