title: [Use of epicardial leads for transvenous pacing lead insufficiency with venous thrombosis: a case report].
abstract: Recent progress in the electrode tip to prevent dislodgement makes difficult to extract itself in some patients. And when multiple leads are placed through a transvenous route, more frequent occurrence of venous thrombosis is easily suspected. We experienced a case of transvenous lead insufficiency with venous thrombosis. In this patient, two of unextractable transvenous leads were already placed, and venous thrombosis was detected by venography, so we implanted the new epicardial leads instead. In case of long-term placement of transvenous leads, especially when multiple, the possibility of venous thrombosis is ever thought, and the use of the extractable leads or anticoagulant therapy is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toyoda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ataka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okada
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016121:Brachiocephalic Veins; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010496:Pericardium; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*