title: The macroscopic vascular anatomy of the equine ethmoidal area.
abstract: The vascular anatomy of the ethmoidal area in six normal horses and two normal ponies was studied using vascular-corrosion casts. The major arterial supply to the ethmoidal area stems from an intracranial source. The internal and external ethmoidal arteries anastomose on the rostral intracranial surface of the cribriform plate to form the arterial ethmoidal rete which arborizes and passes through the perforations of the cribriform plate to supply the ethmoid labyrinth. A minor arterial supply to the ventral portion of the ethmoid labyrinth stems from a small caudal nasal branch of the sphenopalatine artery. Multiple parallel venules drain the ethmoid labyrinth rostrally to its apex then join the venous drainage from the surrounding sinuses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA.
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Foreman
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kneller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002550:Cerebral Veins / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005004:Ethmoid Bone; D005005:Ethmoid Sinus; D005260:Female; D006736:Horses / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009919:Orchiectomy