title: Electrocatalytically driven omega-hydroxylation of fatty acids using cytochrome P450 4A1.
abstract: The cyclic enzymatic function of a cytochrome P450, as it catalyzes the oxygen-dependent metabolism of many organic chemicals, requires the delivery of two electrons to the hemeprotein. In general these electrons are transferred from NADPH to the P450 via an FMN- and FAD-containing flavoprotein (NADPH-P450 reductase). The present paper shows that NADPH can be replaced by an electrochemically generated reductant [cobalt(II) sepulchrate trichloride] for the electrocatalytically driven omega-hydroxylation of lauric acid. Results are presented illustrating the use of purified recombinant proteins containing P450 4A1, such as the fusion protein (rFP450 [mRat4A1/mRatOR]L1) or a system reconstituted with purified P450 4A1 plus purified NADPH-P450 reductase. Rates of formation of 12-hydroxydodecanoic acid by the electrochemical method are comparable to those obtained using NADPH as electron donor. These results suggest the practicality of developing electrocatalytically dependent bioreactors containing different P450s as catalysts for the large-scale synthesis of stereo- and regio-selective hydroxylation products of many chemicals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9038, USA.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Faulkner
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shet
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Estabrook
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002384:Catalysis; D003035:Cobalt / Q000378:metabolism; D042926:Cytochrome P-450 CYP4A; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism*; D004563:Electrochemistry; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide / Q000378:metabolism; D006900:Hydroxylation; D007700:Kinetics; D007850:Lauric Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism*; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007850:Lauric Acids; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C030358:lauric acid; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; D003035:Cobalt; D009249:NADP; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D042926:Cytochrome P-450 CYP4A; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase