Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha mRNA expression in an immortalized microglial cell line and cortical astrocyte cultures.
Macrophage inflammatory protein 1 (MIP-1) is a recently characterized inflammatory and chemokinetic cytokine. Proinflammatory stimuli have been shown to induce expression of MIP-1 by macrophages. We hypothesized that microglia and astrocytes express MIP-1 alpha because of their many immunologic similarities to macrophages. MIP-1 alpha mRNA was examined with quantitative reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction in an immortalized mouse microglial cell line (BV-2) and in mouse cortical astrocyte cultures. We found that in both the BV-2 microglial cell line and in astrocyte cultures, MIP-1 alpha mRNA was strongly induced by lipopolysaccharide and the phorbol ester PMA. MIP-1 alpha mRNA was reduced by dBcAMP, interferon-gamma, and PGE1. Dexamethasone decreased MIP-1 alpha mRNA levels in astrocyte cultures, but not in BV-2 microglial cells. Interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and MIP-1 alpha had no effect on MIP-1 alpha mRNA expression. These findings demonstrate that MIP-1 alpha mRNA is expressed by cultured glial cells and is regulated by proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory stimuli. MIP-1 alpha may be expressed by microglia and astrocytes in vivo, and may help modulate cerebral inflammation.
Murphy
G M
GM
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine.
Jia
X C
XC
Song
Y
Y
Ong
E
E
Shrivastava
R
R
Bocchini
V
V
Lee
Y L
YL
Eng
L F
LF
D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D051379:Mice; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism*; D015846:Monokines / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*
D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D016207:Cytokines; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D015846:Monokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger