title: Elevated mast cell tryptase in the urine of patients with interstitial cystitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the number of tryptase positive bladder mast cells and the level of urine tryptase in interstitial cystitis (IC), a bladder disorder which occurs mostly in women and is characterized by suprapubic pain, frequency and nocturia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bladder biopsies from 37 women with IC and 15 control women with other bladder conditions (age range 18-63 years) were obtained during diagnostic bladder distension and frozen immediately. Mast cells positive for tryptase were identified by immunohistochemistry and evaluated by light microscopy. Tryptase was measured by solid phase radioimmunoassay in urine samples, collected immediately (spot) and during a period of 24 h, obtained from normal women volunteers, controls and patients with IC. To adequately quantify tryptase, the physiologically active tetramer was dissociated to inactive monomers with supersaturated NaCl (6.0 M), and then dialysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients' spot urine sample tryptase levels were indistinguishable from those of controls, which included the normal women volunteers. However, the tryptase levels in 24 h urine samples were greatly elevated only in patients with IC, both before (P < 0.005), and especially after NaCl treatment and dialysis (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that the tryptase levels of 24 h urine samples, combined with methylhistamine levels and the clinical criteria presently used, may possibly help to better identify IC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Boucher
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: el-Mansoury
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Sant
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Theoharides
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D053818:Chymases; D004796:Clinical Enzyme Tests / Q000379:methods*; D003556:Cystitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000201:enzymology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000652:urine*; D053802:Tryptases; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C083294:chymase 2; D053818:Chymases; D053802:Tryptases