title: Recanalization of femoropopliteal occlusive lesions: a comparison of long-term clinical, color duplex US, and arteriographic follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the merits of clinical examination, color-flow duplex ultrasound (US), and arteriography in the follow-up of patients who have undergone femoropopliteal artery recanalization for occlusive disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recanalization of the occluded femoropopliteal artery was attempted in 62 patients. Follow- up included clinical examination, ankle-brachial blood pressure measurement, and duplex US scanning at 4-month intervals during the first year, at 6-month intervals during the second year, and one a year thereafter. Failure of recanalization included substantial restenosis or reocclusion of the treated segment. Arteriography was performed at the end of the first year or earlier if recurrence was suspected. Agreement of clinical findings with those of duplex US and those of arteriography was determined with kappa statistics; a kappa value of greater than 0.75 represented excellent agreement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recanalization was technically successful in 51 patients (82%). Clinical patency was 63% (standard error [SE], 6%) after 1 year, 56% (SE, 7%) after 2 years, and 46% (SE, 9%) after 3 years. When technical failures were included, the patency rate at duplex US was 58% (SE, 6%) after 1 year, 40% (SE, 7%) after 2 years, and 33% (SE, 8%) after 3 years. The patency rate at arteriography was 53% (SE, 7%) after 1 year, 33% (SE, 7%) after 2 years, and 30% (SE, 8%) after 3 years. When arteriographic examination was considered the standard of reference, diagnostic accuracy in the identification of recurrent lesions was 94% at duplex US (kappa = 0.88) and 74% at clinical examination (kappa = 0.51).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rates of restenosis or occlusion detected at follow-up with duplex US and arteriography were comparable. However, clinical examination alone helped detect fewer cases of recurrent disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vroegindeweij
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Tielbeek
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buth
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: van Kints
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Landman
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Mali
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011150:Popliteal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D012008:Recurrence; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D018616:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex; D014654:Vascular Patency