title: Influence of sex on the short-term outcome of elderly patients with a first acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sex seems to affect the course of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the general population. Although the epidemiological importance of female sex among patients with AMI is more important from the sixth decade of life, little is known about the impact of sex on the outcome of AMI in the elderly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To determine the differences between sexes in the outcome of AMI in the elderly, we compared the clinical history and evolution of 204 consecutive patients (99 men, 105 women) > or = 75 years of age admitted with a first AMI. Women had a higher prevalence (P < .01) of hypertension (60% versus 32%) and diabetes (41% versus 18%), whereas men were more frequently smokers (41% versus 4%, P < .0001); these factors were associated with higher rates of congestive heart failure. Women showed lower ejection fractions and higher rates of congestive heart failure (odds ratio [OR], 2.32; 95% CI, 1.32 to 4.12) and shock (OR, 2.78; 95% CI, 1.29 to 6.40). Mortality rate was higher in women (40% versus 23%, P = .01; OR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.26 to 4.26); however, sex was excluded as an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality in every regression model tested (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.25 to 2.21).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After a first AMI, elderly women experience a more complicated hospital course than men. The increase in mortality risk seems to be related to the impact of cardiovascular risk factors on left ventricular function more than to sex itself.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Vidán
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Almazán
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: López-Sendón
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Delcán
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000453:epidemiology