title: Increased concentrations of glycogen synthase protein in skeletal muscle of patients with NIDDM.
abstract: To examine whether changes in the glycogen synthase protein concentration contribute to impaired insulin-stimulated glycogen metabolism in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), muscle biopsies were taken before and after a 4-h euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp to measure glycogen synthase activity and glycogen synthase protein concentrations in 14 patients with NIDDM and in 17 control subjects. Nonoxidative glucose metabolism was reduced by 64% in patients with NIDDM compared with control subjects and correlated with insulin-stimulated glycogen synthase activity (r = 0.55, P < 0.05). The concentration of glycogen synthase protein in skeletal muscle was higher in patients with NIDDM than in control subjects (6.75 +/- 0.88 vs. 4.41 +/- 0.50 counts.min-1.micrograms protein-1, P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in glycogen synthase mRNA concentration between the two groups. The glycogen synthase protein concentration correlated inversely with the rate of nonoxidative glucose metabolism (r = -0.63, P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the amount of glycogen synthase protein is increased in skeletal muscle of patients with NIDDM. The increase in the glycogen synthase protein may serve to compensate for a functional defect in the activation of the enzyme by insulin.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Löfman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yki-Järvinen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Parkkonen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lindström
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Koranyi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schalin-Jäntti
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Groop
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D006006:Glycogen Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000201:enzymology*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D006006:Glycogen Synthase