title: Role of Ca2+ in prostaglandin E2-induced T-lymphocyte proliferative suppression in sepsis.
abstract: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been known to modulate immune responses by inhibiting T-cell activation following hemorrhagic and traumatic injury. Recently, we documented a sepsis-related depression in concanavalin A (ConA)-induced T-cell proliferation and intracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+i) mobilization. The present study evaluated the potential role of PGE2 in the sepsis-related attenuation in Ca2+ signaling and proliferation in T cells. Sepsis was induced in rats by implanting into their abdomen fecal pellets containing Escherichia coli (150 CFU) and Bacteroides fragilis (10(4) CFU). A group of rats implanted with septic pellets were treated with indomethacin at three consecutive time points. Levels of PGE2 in blood were measured with a radioimmunoassay kit. ConA-induced [Ca2+]i mobilization in T cells obtained from indomethacin-treated and untreated rats was measured with Fura-2 and microfluorometry. We observed a 10-fold increase in PGE2 levels in the circulation of septic rats compared with levels in rats implanted with bacterium-free sterilized pellets. The proliferative response and Ca2+i mobilization were significantly depressed in T cells obtained from septic rats 48 h after implantations compared with those in rats implanted with sterile pellets. However, treatment of rats with the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin prevented the sepsis-related depression in ConA-induced T-cell Ca2+i mobilization as well as proliferation. Further, incubation of T cells from nonimplanted control rats with PGE2 resulted in a substantial depression in both T-cell proliferation and Ca2+i mobilization. The restoration of T-cell proliferation and Ca2+ signaling after indomethacin treatment of septic rats and the depression in the mitogen responsiveness in T cells previously exposed to PGE2 suggest that the PGE2 does play a significant role in the modulation of T-cell responses in septic rats and that such PGE2-induced suppression in T-cell activation is likely due to an attenuation in Ca2+ signaling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois 60153, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Choudhry
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Sayeed
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000502:physiology*; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018805:Sepsis / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D003208:Concanavalin A; D015232:Dinoprostone; D002118:Calcium; D007213:Indomethacin