title: Analgesia for venous cannulation: a comparison of EMLA (5 minutes application), lignocaine, ethyl chloride, and nothing.
abstract: Three commonly available local anaesthetics were compared, in a controlled trial, for use before venous cannulation. The pain of application of the local anaesthetic, the pain of cannulation, and the rate of successful cannulations were compared. The value of EMLA cream applied for 5 min was questioned. Venous cannulation with a 20G venflon was found to be significantly more painful than the application of any of the local anaesthetics (P < 0.01). Lignocaine 1%, injected subcutaneously, and ethyl chloride spray significantly reduced the pain of venous cannulation (P < 0.01). The use of lignocaine did not result in significantly more failed cannulations than the control group. It was concluded that local anaesthesia should be used before venous cannulation, even for 20G cannulae.
authors.affiliation: Anaesthetic Department, Hope Hospital, Lancashire, UK.
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Selby
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Bowles
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005018:Ethyl Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077442:Lidocaine, Prilocaine Drug Combination; D009824:Ointments; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011318:Prilocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000077442:Lidocaine, Prilocaine Drug Combination; D009824:Ointments; D011318:Prilocaine; D005018:Ethyl Chloride; D008012:Lidocaine