title: Depth of penetration of the neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser in the human prostate and clinical results of high-dose laser energy in 50 patients.
abstract: We evaluated the treatment of the human prostate with the Nd:YAG laser using a Cytocare Prolase II fiber. We utilized this first in 12 patients prior to radical prostatectomy and then appropriately serially sectioned the prostate to measure the depth of penetration. The studies clearly revealed that 60 W of power and 60 s of pulse duration gave the most consistent depth of penetration in the human prostate model. This depth of penetration averaged 2 cm in the glands that were removed. At the same time there was absolutely no evidence of damage to the neurovascular bundle or to the capsule of the prostate using the above-mentioned dosimetry regime. This study was then transferred to our initial experience in treating 50 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy and obstructive voiding symptoms. The first 25 patients were also treated with so-called spot radiation of the prostate, whereas the second 25 patients were treated by total photoirradiation of all visible endoscopic tissue. The results reveal that both groups of patients had a fairly highly satisfactory result as measured objectively with American Urological Association (AUA) symptom scores and uroflow studies. In the latter group (photoirradiation of all visible endoscopic tissue) a significantly higher dose of laser energy was utilized and a smaller failure rate was noted on a long-term basis in patients who subsequently came to transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) because of failure of the laser procedure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, USA.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Shanberg
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Sawyer
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Rodgers
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Tansey
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ahlering
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000535:Aluminum; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D007834:Lasers; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009354:Neodymium; D011379:Prognosis; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015019:Yttrium
chemical_list: D009354:Neodymium; D015019:Yttrium; D000535:Aluminum