[Larval Clinostomum infection of cichlid fish in the lake of Kompienga in Burkina Faso: a menace to haleutic exploitation and public health].
Clinostomum sp. is a trematode, a parasitic worm, of which the larva infest a number of species of wild fish. In intertropical Africa and particularly in artificial lakes in the east of Burkina Faso, the infestation is especially observed in the cichlids fish. Because cichlids constitute 80 to 90% of the fish catches, enzootic infestation could infringe upon the fisheries, and also adversely affect public health. For this epidemiological study conducted during the first three quarters of 1994, we examined a total of 932 cichlids, a mix of all species. Prevalence (Pr) and intensity (I, number of parasites per fish) were the two indicators of the infestation level. 387 fish were carriers of the parasite, comprising 41.5% of the total. Differences were observed between the species of cichlids. Oreochromis niloticus was the most infested (Pr, 56%; I, 17), followed by Sarotherodon galilaeus (Pr, 44%; I,6); and Hemichromis fasciatus (Pr, 20%; I, 5). In 89% of the carriers, the parasite was localized on the internal face of the operculum and in the pericardial septum, compared to 11% of the localizations in subcutaneous and muscular tissues. These last two localizations render the fish repugnant, and can cause the fresh fish to be rejected. If the parasitized fish is not rejected and then insufficiently cooked, as occurs at public grills with multitudes of consumers, the living parasite can penetrate and stay in the upper digestive tract and constitute a threat for consumer health.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Coulibaly
N D
ND
Laboratoire national vétérinaire, Burkina Faso.
Salembéré
S
S
Bessin
R
R
D000818:Animals; D002050:Burkina Faso / Q000453:epidemiology; D004199:Disease Vectors; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D005398:Fisheries; D005511:Food Handling; D016266:Food Parasitology; D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D007814:Larva; D010471:Perches / Q000469:parasitology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011634:Public Health; D014200:Trematoda / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014201:Trematode Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D015047:Zoonoses
La clinostomose larvaire des poissons cichlidés du lac de la Kompienga au Burkina Faso: des menaces pour l'exploitation halieutique et la santé publique.