title: Intra-individual factors influencing efficacy of interventions for stereotyped behaviours: a meta-analysis.
abstract: The efficacy of treatments targeting stereotyped behaviours has been the focal point of several reviews. This study examined efficacy as a function of intra-individual characteristics, including age, gender, level of disability and topography of the behaviour. A meta-analysis of studies reporting treatments of stereotyped behaviours appearing in 23 journals over 20 years was conducted. Efficacy was determined using two metrics, Percentage Non-overlapping Data and Percentage Zero Data, which indicate treatment success as a function of the degree to which the behaviour fell below baseline levels, and once reaching zero, remained there. Non-parametric analyses indicated differences in treatment efficacy according to age and the form of the stereotypy. Implications for the design of treatments to address stereotypies are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research and Program Services, The Arc (formerly Association of Retarded Citizens of the United States), Arlington, Texas 76010, USA.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Wehmeyer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013239:Stereotyped Behavior; D016896:Treatment Outcome