title: Impact of maternal HIV-1 infection on perinatal outcome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the impact of HIV-1 infection on pregnancy and maternal and early fetal outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 1992 to January 1993, 160 HIV-1 seropositive women and 164 HIV-1 seronegative age- and parity-matched pregnant tribal women from Manipur, India, were recruited into a prospective study. Mother and infant were followed until 6 weeks postpartum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine percent (15/160) of subjects had AIDS (CDC IV), 38% (60/160) were symptomatic (CDC III) and 53% (85/160) were asymptomatic (CDC I/II). Symptomatic (CDC III/IV) HIV-1 infection is associated with a significantly increased rate of miscarriage, low birth weight, intrauterine fetal death and preterm delivery. Perinatal, infant and maternal deaths were limited to symptomatic women. HIV-1 infected women were significantly younger than their HIV-1 negative counterparts both in age and age at sexual debut. Placental membrane inflammation was significantly higher in the seropositive group and this correlated well with a higher risk of preterm delivery and postpartum endometritis. Asymptomatic HIV-1 infection was not associated with adverse pregnancy outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Symptomatic (CDC III/IV) HIV-1 infection in Indian tribal women is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Uduman
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Khurranna
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000209:etiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies