title: Isolation of cholinergic active ingredients in aqueous extracts of Mareya micrantha using the longitudinal muscle of isolated guinea-pig ileum as a pharmacological activity marker.
abstract: In our attempt to isolate the pharmacologically active ingredients in the aqueous extracts of Mareya micrantha, we have selected the contractions of the longitudinal muscle of the isolated guinea-pig ileum preparation as a pharmacological marker to monitor retention of pharmacological activity during the chromatographic separation. The aqueous extracts of Mareya micrantha elicited concentration-dependent contractions of the preparation. The maximum response elicited by the aqueous extracts was 50% of the maximum response elicited by the maximum dose of acetylcholine (ACh), 10(-7) M. Mepenzolate (10(-8)-10(-5) M), a specific muscarinic receptor antagonist, similarly antagonized contractions elicited by the aqueous extracts suggesting that the cholinergic ingredient(s) in the extract are acting at the muscarinic receptors of the preparation. Fraction 2-4, which was separated from the aqueous extracts by Sephadex gel chromatography, dose-dependently elicited contractions of the preparation. The maximum response was 80% of the maximum response elicited by the maximum dose of ACh suggesting that separation has enhanced the cholinergic activity of the content in the extract.
authors.affiliation: Laboratories of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans 70125, USA.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guede-Guina
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vangah-Manda
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Ochillo
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001561:Benzilates / Q000494:pharmacology; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D018678:Cholinergic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009116:Muscarine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects*; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000494:pharmacology; D010830:Physostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001561:Benzilates; D018678:Cholinergic Agents; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D010276:Parasympatholytics; D010880:Piperidines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water; C005101:mepenzolic acid; D009116:Muscarine; D010830:Physostigmine; D000109:Acetylcholine