title: Endoscopically assisted, ultrasound-guided fetal muscle biopsy.
abstract: Direct endoscopic visualization of in utero fetal muscle biopsy was performed in 2 cases for which the primary guidance for the procedure remained real time ultrasound. Direct visualization aids in the precise placement of the biopsy gun which may enable the procedure to be done at earlier gestational ages. At the currently used gestational ages (i.e. 18+ weeks), it does not substantially improve the procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hutzel Hospital/Wayne State University, Detroit, Mich. 48201, USA.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Quintero
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D009132:Muscles / Q000196:embryology* / Q000473:pathology*; D009136:Muscular Dystrophies / Q000175:diagnosis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D014463:Ultrasonography