title: Anaesthesia for urological endoscopic procedures in adult outpatients.
abstract: The aim of this study was to establish whether propofol in combination with fentanyl or ketamine provides a good quality of anaesthesia and recovery time in urological endoscopic outpatient surgery. Sixty patients (ASA I-II) were assigned randomly to receive either 2.5 micrograms kg-1 fentanyl or 1 mg kg-1 ketamine. In both groups anaesthesia was induced with propofol 1.5 mg kg-1 and maintained with 7 mg kg-1 h-1. Patients breathed nitrous oxide and oxygen 3:2 spontaneously. Cardiovascular parameters were more stable after ketamine. The most important side effect was the presence of apnoea lasting longer than 60 s in 14 patients receiving fentanyl. The time to establish alertness was shorter in the ketamine group, who also had a better (P < 0.05) as well as post-anaesthetic recovery room score.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Florence, Policlinico di Careggi, Italy.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Fabbri
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Batacchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Linden
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bucciardini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fontanari
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Venneri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marsili
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000009:adverse effects; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D004724:Endoscopy; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007649:Ketamine / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D015742:Propofol; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D007649:Ketamine; D005283:Fentanyl; D015742:Propofol