title: Pharmacokinetics of ifosfamide and its enantiomers following a single 1 h intravenous infusion of the racemate in patients with small cell lung carcinoma.
abstract: Ifosfamide is a chiral pro-drug which is administered clinically in its racemic form. Serum concentrations of rac-ifosfamide and its enantiomers were measured in 12 patients with lung carcinoma following a mean (+/- s.d.) intravenous dose of 4.2 (0.83) g infused over 1 h. The mean (+/- s.d.) volumes of distribution (VSS) of rac, (R)- and (S)-ifosfamide were 0.61 (0.17), 0.60 (0.16) and 0.61 (0.19) l kg-1, respectively. The mean (+/- s.d.) half-lives and clearances were 6.57 (1.69), 7.12 (1.92) and 5.98 (1.52) h and 0.065 (0.013), 0.060 (0.013) and 0.072 (0.014) l h-1 kg-1 for rac, (R)- and (S)-ifosfamide, respectively. The half-life of (S)-ifosfamide was significantly (P < 0.001) shorter than that of (R)-ifosfamide and it had a significantly higher clearance (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the volumes of distribution of the enantiomers. The clinical significance of the faster elimination of (S)-ifosfamide is not known.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Studies in Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Corlett
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chrystyn
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D007069:Ifosfamide