title: Efficacy of a National Cholesterol Education Program Step 2 diet in normolipidemic and hypercholesterolemic middle-aged and elderly men and women.
abstract: We tested the effects of a National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Step 2 diet (30% of calories or less as total fat, less than 7% saturated fat, and less than 200 mg cholesterol per day) on plasma lipid levels in normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic middle-aged and elderly men and women. Thirty-two subjects were studied. Eight normolipidemic subjects (6 men and 2 women, mean age 56 +/- 13 years) with LDL cholesterol levels of less than 4.14 mmol/L (160 mg/dL) were given a baseline diet similar in composition to the diet currently consumed in the United States (35% of calories as total fat and 14% as saturated fat, with 147 mg cholesterol per 1000 kcal) for 6 weeks. Subjects were then placed on an NCEP Step 2 diet (26% total fat, 4% saturated fat, 45 mg cholesterol per 1000 kcal) for 24 weeks. In addition, 24 subjects (12 men and 12 women, mean age 62 +/- 12 years) with moderate hypercholesterolemia (LDL cholesterol levels of 4.14 mmol/L or above) were given a baseline diet for 6 weeks and then the NCEP Step 2 diet for 6 weeks. Energy intakes were adjusted to keep body weight constant throughout the study. In both normolipidemic and hypercholesterolemic subjects, consumption of the NCEP Step 2 diet was associated with significant changes in levels of total cholesterol (-20% and -16%, respectively), LDL cholesterol (-21% and -18%, respectively), and HDL cholesterol (-16% and -15%, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Lichtenstein
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lamon-Fava
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Contois
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: McNamara
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ordovas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008055:Lipids