title: The rationale for soft-tissue grafting and vestibuloplasty in association with endosseous implants: a literature review.
abstract: Significant soft-tissue complications have been reported around endosseous implant permucosal abutments. Peri-implantitis with associated bone loss can have a negative effect on the long-term prognosis of the implant reconstruction. The rationale for soft-tissue grafting and vestibuloplasty techniques is presented in the form of a literature review. The implant sulcular epithelium, permucosal seal, and the peri-implant connective tissues are discussed. The etiology of soft-tissue complications as well as the significance of attached gingiva surrounding implant abutments are presented along with techniques for surgical intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Michigan 48201-2195, USA.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Hoelscher
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Simons
mesh_terms: D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000009:adverse effects; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005881:Gingiva / Q000637:transplantation*; D006801:Humans; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014727:Vestibuloplasty
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants