title: 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase in interferon-alpha- and acyclovir-treated herpes simplex virus-infected cells.
abstract: The 2',5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A) synthetase pathway, induced by interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), has been shown to be responsible for the antiviral action of IFN-alpha against some viruses. Studies were done to determine the role of this pathway in the anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) action of IFN-alpha alone or in combination with acyclovir (ACV), a combination that leads to synergistic anti-HSV activity. Treatment of human corneal cells or Vero cells with 100 IU/ml of IFN-alpha induced expression of 2-5A synthetase mRNA and a 10-fold increase in 2-5A synthetase production compared with untreated cells. HSV infection alone did not induce 2-5A synthetase production, but when IFN-alpha-treated cells were infected with HSV, enzyme level was significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared with that in IFN-alpha-treated, uninfected cells. HSV infection actually decreased the level of 2-5A synthetase mRNA in IFN-alpha-treated cells. Although IFN-alpha treatment induced high levels of 2-5A synthetase with or without HSV infection, no activation of the latent endonuclease was detected by specific cleavage of ribosomal RNA. Treatment of infected cells with 5 microM ACV alone or combined with IFN-alpha did not increase 2-5A synthetase or endonuclease activities above those detected in cells not treated with ACV. The data indicate that the 2-5A synthetase pathway was inducible in corneal cells and Vero cells but did not appear to contribute to the anti-HSV activity of IFN-alpha alone or the synergistic activity of IFN-alpha combined with ACV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Witt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Irizarry
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tom
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: O'Brien
mesh_terms: D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000212:Acyclovir / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016898:Interferon-alpha; D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase; D000212:Acyclovir