title: A new renal tourniquet for open and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We describe a novel double loop renal parenchymal tourniquet for obtaining hemostasis during open and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  One loop is positioned around the upper and 1 around the lower renal poles, thus securely entrapping the kidney. During partial nephrectomy the corresponding loop is double looped and cinched, thus achieving a tourniquet effect. The renal artery is not occluded. Intraoperative renal hypothermia is not required.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The renal tourniquet was used clinically during 6 open and 1 laparoscopic partial nephrectomies. Furthermore, during laparoscopic nephrectomy (5 porcine and 1 clinical cases) the double loop apparatus allowed for improved maneuverability of the kidney.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The novel renal tourniquet affords adequate renal parenchymal hemostasis during open and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, USA.
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Munch
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Clayman
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: McRoberts
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nickless
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Roemer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006488:Hemostasis, Surgical / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply*; D020706:Laparoscopes; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013552:Swine; D014111:Tourniquets