title: Effects of early immune stress and changes in dietary metabolizable energy on the development of newly hatched turkeys. 2. Selected characteristics of immune function.
abstract: Two 21-d experiments were conducted to document the effects of an early immunologic stress and changes in dietary ME(n) on selected characteristics of immune function of newly hatched turkeys. Eight treatments were included in each experiment. Treatments were the result of complete factorial arrangements of two types of injection and four isonitrogenous diets. Turkeys in both experiments were injected i.p. with .5, .5, and .2 mL of saline (SAL) or .5, .5, and .2 mL of a solution of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (100 micrograms LPS/mL SAL) at 1, 3, and 5 d of age, respectively. In Experiment 1, two diets were formulated to contain 2,800 kcal ME(n)/kg. One was a corn-soybean meal based diet (CSBM) and the other contained 8% Solkafloc (SKF). A third diet (3,100 kcal ME(n)/kg) was formulated by substituting 8% sucrose (SUC) for the 8% SKF. The fourth diet (HE) included in Experiment 1 was formulated to contain 3,700 kcal ME(n)/kg. The CSBM and SUC diets and two additional diets were tested in Experiment 2. The latter were the CSBM diet containing 74.5 mg ibuprofen/kg (IBU) and a corn-soybean meal diet formulated to contain 3,100 kcal ME(n)/kg (CS31). Concentrations of plasma IgG and jejunal IgG and IgA were not affected by injection or diet. Age-related changes in Ig concentrations were consistently observed in Experiments 1 and 2. Injection with LPS reduced the number or responses of blood leukocytes to mitogens at 8 d of age (P < .01), as compared with samples from turkeys injected with SAL. Leukocytes in whole blood samples from turkeys fed the HE diet responded less to LPS stimulation than those fed the SUC diet (P < .01). Injection with LPS did not markedly affect the characteristics of immune function studied, and feeding a diet with 3,100 kcal ME(n)/kg and 28.5% crude protein did not measurably affect the characteristics of immune function of young turkeys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011, USA.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Piquer
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sell
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jeffrey
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akinc
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaiser
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli; D006128:Growth / Q000276:immunology*; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007583:Jejunum / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D013025:Glycine max; D014422:Turkeys / Q000502:physiology*; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides