title: Dysfunction of the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-I axis in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although a defect in GH regulation has been suggested in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), the data are limited and mechanism obscure. We have assessed the function of the GH/IGF-I axis in women with PCOS by measuring basal IGF-I levels and the ability of the pituitary to secrete GH following dopamine and GHRH.
  
  
  METHODS
  For each woman the complete study lasted 3 days. On the 1st and 2nd days, saline (0.9%, 5 ml/h for 3 h) and dopamine (4 micrograms/kg/min for 3 h) infusion tests were performed, respectively, in all PCOS and control women. Blood samples for GH measurement were obtained before and at 20-minute intervals for 3 hours. On the 3rd day a GHRH test (100 micrograms, i.v. bolus) was performed in 9 of the women with PCOS and in 9 controls. Blood samples for GH measurements were obtained before and at 20-minute intervals for 3 hours. Basal IGF-I levels were measured in the basal blood samples from the saline infusion test in all patients studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen women with PCOS and 11 normally menstruating women (control group), aged 18-35 years, were studied. All women with PCOS had hirsutism and oligomenorrhoea since menarche, elevated serum values of at least one ovarian androgen and the typical ultrasound appearance of PCOS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) induced a significant increase in GH secretion in both control and PCOS groups. However, the GH response to GHRH was found to be significantly lower in women with PCOS. The 3-hour infusion of dopamine induced a significant increase in GH levels only in the control group, while it failed to stimulate GH release in the women with PCOS. Although both dopamine and GHRH failed to induce a normal GH response in women with PCOS, their IGF-I levels did not differ significantly from those observed in control women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The diminished GH responses to both GHRH and dopamine in women with PCOS, in the presence of normal circulating IGF-I levels, suggests a dysregulation in GH secretion. Although the data are suggestive of a hypothalamic defect, further studies are required to clarify the underlying mechanism and the role, if any, of GH in the pathogenesis of polycyctic ovarian syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, General Hospital of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Piaditis
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Kounadi
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Rangou
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Trovas
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Kaklas
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Tzonou
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Chlouverakis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004298:Dopamine; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000378:metabolism*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical
chemical_list: D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; D004298:Dopamine