title: Comparative in vitro activities of azithromycin, Bay y 3118, levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, and 11 other oral antimicrobial agents against 194 aerobic and anaerobic bite wound isolates.
abstract: The activities of sparfloxacin, levofloxacin, Bay y 3118, azithromycin, cefprozil, loracarbef, and nine other oral antimicrobial agents against 194 aerobic and anaerobic clinical bite wound isolates were determined by the agar dilution method. Sparfloxacin, levofloxacin, and Bay y 3118 were active against all aerobic isolates (MICs at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited [MIC90], < or = 1.0 microgram/ml for sparfloxacin and levofloxacin and 0.1 microgram/ml for Bay y 3118) and many anaerobic isolates, with the exception of the fusobacteria. Azithromycin was more active than erythromycin by 1 to 2 dilutions against many aerobes, including Pasteurella multocida and Eikenella corrodens, and by 2 to 4 dilutions against anaerobic isolates. Cefprozil was more active (MIC90, < or = 1 microgram/ml) than loracarbef (MIC90, < or = 4 micrograms/ml) against aerobic gram-positive isolates, but both had poor activity (MIC90, > or = 16 micrograms/ml) against peptostreptococci. Both cefprozil and loracarbef had MIC90s of < or = 0.5 micrograms/ml against P. multocida.
authors.affiliation: R. M. Alden Research Laboratory, Santa Monica Hospital Medical Center, Santa Monica, California 90404, USA.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Nesbit
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Citron
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000187:drug effects*; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000187:drug effects*; D001733:Bites and Stings / Q000150:complications*; D001734:Bites, Human / Q000150:complications; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015363:Quinolones / Q000494:pharmacology; D014946:Wound Infection / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D015363:Quinolones; C079807:Bay Y3118; D064704:Levofloxacin; D017963:Azithromycin; D015242:Ofloxacin; C061363:sparfloxacin