title: Single cell analysis of cytokine gene coexpression during CD4+ T-cell phenotype development.
abstract: CD4+ T cells from alpha beta-T-cell receptor transgenic mice were analyzed for coexpression of cytokine mRNAs during phenotype development using a double-label in situ hybridization technique. T cells that produced cytokines in the primary response were a fraction of the activated population, and only a minority of the cytokine-positive cells coexpressed two cytokines. In secondary responses, frequencies of double-positive cells increased, although they remained a minority of the total. Of the cytokine pairs examined, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 were the most frequently coexpressed. IL-4 and interferon gamma showed the greatest tendency toward segregation of expression, being rarely coexpressed after the primary stimulation. These data indicate that there is significant heterogeneity of cytokine gene expression by individual CD4+ T cells during early antigenic responses. Coexpression of any pairs of cytokines, much less Th1 and Th2 cytokines, is generally the exception. The Th0 phenotype is a population phenotype rather than an individual cell phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35233, USA.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Bucy
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Karr
authors.forename: G Q
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honjo
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lemons
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Weaver
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010641:Phenotype; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000235:genetics; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta