title: Axillary lymphadenectomy for breast cancer without axillary drainage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate axillary lymph node dissection done without closed drainage in conjunction with breast conservation cancer surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two university hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-one women undergoing wide local excision of breast cancer with simultaneous or subsequent axillary lymph node dissection.
  
  
  METHODS
  No axillary drain was placed following axillary lymphadenectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The development and resorption of axillary seroma fluid as measured by clinical aspiration and serial sonographic examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-four (42%) of the 81 women required axillary seroma aspiration even though axillary fluid was present in 92% (22/24) of those studied sonographically. The seromas accumulated over the first 2 weeks following axillary dissection and resorbed over the next 2 weeks, as assessed by both clinical and sonographic examination. The complication rate was 2% (2/81). The surgery was performed safely on an outpatient or short-stay basis in 99% (80/81) of patients. All patients except one were discharged within 23 hours of surgery, and 56 patients were discharged directly after anesthesia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Axillary lymph node dissection done in conjunction with breast conservation surgery can be performed in an ambulatory or short-stay setting without axillary drainage. Postoperative seromas will resolve within 1 month, and fewer than half will require aspiration. Lymphadenectomy without drainage reduces morbidity and allows the patient greater personal comfort.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Calif, USA.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jeffrey
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Goodson
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Birdwell
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Bogetz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D001365:Axilla; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000601:surgery*; D004322:Drainage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies