title: Alendronate treatment of the postmenopausal osteoporotic woman: effect of multiple dosages on bone mass and bone remodeling.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effects of the aminobisphosphonate alendronate sodium on bone mass and markers of bone remodeling were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-year study, 188 postmenopausal women, aged 42 to 75 years, with low bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine were randomly assigned to 1 of 6 daily treatment groups: placebo for 2 years, alendronate 5 or 10 mg for 2 years, alendronate 20 or 40 mg for 1 year followed by placebo for 1 year, or alendronate 40 mg for 3 months followed by 2.5 mg for 21 months. All subjects were given 500 mg/d of elemental calcium as calcium carbonate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At each dose, alendronate produced significant reductions in markers of bone resorption and formation, and significantly increased bone mass at the lumbar spine, hip, and total body, as compared with decreases (significant at lumbar spine) in subjects receiving placebo. In the 10-mg group, mean urinary deoxypyridinoline/creatinine had declined by 47% at 3 months, and mean serum osteocalcin by 53% at 6 months. Mean changes in BMD over 24 months with 10 mg alendronate were +7.21% +/- 0.49% for the lumbar spine, +5.27% +/- 0.70% for total hip, and +2.53% +/- 0.68% for total body (each P < 0.01) compared to changes of -1.35% +/- 0.61%, -1.20% +/- 0.64% and -0.31% +/- 0.44% at these sites, respectively, with placebo treatment. Progressive increases in BMD of both lumbar spine and total hip were observed in the second year of treatment with 10 mg alendronate (both P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alendronate, a potent inhibitor of bone resorption, reduces markers of bone remodeling and significantly increases BMD at the lumbar spine, hip, and total body, and is well tolerated at therapeutic doses (5 or 10 mg daily) in the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle 96195, USA.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chesnut
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: McClung
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Ensrud
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Genant
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Stock
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Yood
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Delmas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019386:Alendronate; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013131:Spine / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D004164:Diphosphonates; D002118:Calcium; D019386:Alendronate