title: Effect of hemodialysis on total antioxidant capacity and serum antioxidants in patients with chronic renal failure.
abstract: Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of mortality in patients receiving hemodialysis for chronic renal failure. Increased lipid peroxidation and depletion of chain-breaking antioxidants may contribute to increased risk of atherosclerosis. We have therefore assessed the effect of a single episode of hemodialysis on antioxidant status in 22 patients and control subjects. Overall, total antioxidant capacity of serum was increased in dialysis patients, but there was a marked reduction after hemodialysis [571 +/- 31 vs 342 +/- 22 mumol/L Trolox (water-soluble vitamin E analog) equivalents, P < 0.001]. The increase in total antioxidant capacity before hemodialysis was almost entirely due to relatively high serum urate. Among individual chain-breaking antioxidants, dialysis led to a decrease in urate (398 +/- 15 vs 136 +/- 12 mumol/L, P < 0.001), ascorbate (10.5 +/- 1.7 vs 5.9 +/- 1.0 mumol/L, P < 0.01), and lipid-corrected tocopherol (4.70 +/- 0.56 vs 4.26 +/- 0.39 mumol/mmol cholesterol, P < 0.05). Protein thiol groups increased after dialysis (328 +/- 16 vs 422 +/- 22 mumol/L, P < 0.001), whereas albumin remained unchanged (40.1 +/- 1.1 vs 41.0 +/- 1.6 g/L, not significant). Although total antioxidant capacity of serum is increased in hemodialysis patients, depletion of key chain-breaking antioxidants may lead to accelerated atherogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Loughrey
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lightbody
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: McNamee
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Young
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000097:blood*; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001798:Blood Proteins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D014810:Vitamin E; D014527:Uric Acid; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002784:Cholesterol; D001205:Ascorbic Acid