Efficacy of a National Cholesterol Education Program Step 2 diet in normolipidemic and hypercholesterolemic middle-aged and elderly men and women.
We tested the effects of a National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Step 2 diet (30% of calories or less as total fat, less than 7% saturated fat, and less than 200 mg cholesterol per day) on plasma lipid levels in normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic middle-aged and elderly men and women. Thirty-two subjects were studied. Eight normolipidemic subjects (6 men and 2 women, mean age 56 +/- 13 years) with LDL cholesterol levels of less than 4.14 mmol/L (160 mg/dL) were given a baseline diet similar in composition to the diet currently consumed in the United States (35% of calories as total fat and 14% as saturated fat, with 147 mg cholesterol per 1000 kcal) for 6 weeks. Subjects were then placed on an NCEP Step 2 diet (26% total fat, 4% saturated fat, 45 mg cholesterol per 1000 kcal) for 24 weeks. In addition, 24 subjects (12 men and 12 women, mean age 62 +/- 12 years) with moderate hypercholesterolemia (LDL cholesterol levels of 4.14 mmol/L or above) were given a baseline diet for 6 weeks and then the NCEP Step 2 diet for 6 weeks. Energy intakes were adjusted to keep body weight constant throughout the study. In both normolipidemic and hypercholesterolemic subjects, consumption of the NCEP Step 2 diet was associated with significant changes in levels of total cholesterol (-20% and -16%, respectively), LDL cholesterol (-21% and -18%, respectively), and HDL cholesterol (-16% and -15%, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Schaefer
E J
EJ
Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
Lichtenstein
A H
AH
Lamon-Fava
S
S
Contois
J H
JH
Li
Z
Z
Rasmussen
H
H
McNamara
J R
JR
Ordovas
J M
JM
D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008055:Lipids