title: Ondansetron for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting following minor oral surgery: a double-blind randomized study.
abstract: The efficacy and safety of ondansetron in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting following minor oral surgery was evaluated in a prospective randomized double-blind study. Of a total of seventy-seven patients, randomly 38 had 4 mg of ondansetron and 39 had normal saline as placebo intravenously immediately prior to induction of anaesthesia. A standard general anaesthetic with thiopentone, suxamethonium, fentanyl, nitrous oxide and isoflurane was employed. Postoperatively nausea was assessed verbally and on a visual analog scale at 1, 4 and 24 hours from the time of awakening. Episodes of vomiting were recorded. Eight patients (21.1%) in the ondansetron group compared to 19 (48.7%) in the placebo group had nausea (P < 0.05) and 1 (2.6%) in the ondansetron group compared with 9 (23.1%) in the placebo group vomited (P < 0.05). Patients who vomited twice or more and the number who required a rescue antiemetic were significantly fewer in the ondansetron group (P < 0.05). Cardiovascular parameters were stable and showed no significant difference in the two groups. There were no significant adverse effects that could be directly attributable to ondansetron.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Faculty, University of Hong Kong.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rodrigo
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hui
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lueveswanij
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013511:Minor Surgical Procedures; D009055:Mouth / Q000601:surgery*; D009325:Nausea / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017294:Ondansetron / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010919:Placebos; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011292:Premedication; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011674:Pulse / Q000502:physiology; D014839:Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D017294:Ondansetron