title: Intrathrombus administration of tissue plasminogen activator in acute cerebrovascular occlusion.
abstract: Intraarterial thrombolysis for acute cerebrovascular occlusion has achieved recanalization at a 50-90% rate. Clinical outcome has been unpredictable. The authors sought to test the hypothesis that intrathrombus administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) would improve recanalization rate and to assess the possibility that clinical outcome would be predicted by the extent of collateral flow. Seven patients with acute cerebrovascular occlusion (less than six hours in 6, twenty-four hours in 1) were treated with intrathrombus rt-PA at 1 mg/minute. Examinations were scored on a five-point motor scale. Collateral flow was assessed angiographically. Vessels recanalized in 5 patients, 3 of whom had good outcomes. Vessels failed to recanalize in 2 patients, 1 of whom had good outcome. Good collateral flow was evident in all 4 patients with good outcome and in none of those with poor outcome. Intrathrombus administration of rt-PA is technically feasible. Favorable clinical outcome is more likely in the presence of good collateral flow. In the absence of good collateral flow, ultra-early intervention may be necessary.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Khayata
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Dean
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hodak
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Spetzler
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002542:Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D015424:Reperfusion; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator