Establishment of functional imprinting of the H19 gene in human developing placentae.
We have found that the imprinted H19 gene can be expressed either biallelically or monoallelically in the developing human placentae. H19 biallelic expression is confined to the placenta until 10 weeks of gestation, after which it becomes exclusively maternal, and does not affect allele-specificity or levels of IGF2 expression. The promoter region of H19 is hypomethylated at all stages of placental development, while the 3' portion shows progressive methylation of the paternal allele with gestation. Our observations demonstrate that the establishment of functional H19 imprinting occurs during the early development of the placenta and provide an opportunity to understand the mechanism by which the H19 primary imprint is manifested in somatic cells.
Jinno
Y
Y
Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
Ikeda
Y
Y
Yun
K
K
Maw
M
M
Masuzaki
H
H
Fukuda
H
H
Inuzuka
K
K
Fujishita
A
A
Ohtani
Y
Y
Okimoto
T
T
D000483:Alleles; D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018392:Genomic Imprinting; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000235:genetics; D008745:Methylation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D010929:Placentation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D017931:DNA Primers; C094335:H19 long non-coding RNA; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D004247:DNA