title: Variability over time in the mutagenicity of ashes from municipal solid-waste incinerators.
abstract: Incineration of municipal solid waste as an alternative to its disposal in landfills has advantages such as volume reduction and generation of energy. However, both air emissions and the residual ash may pose environmental and human health hazards. The Ames mutagenicity assay was used to determine the mutagenicity of fly and bottom ash from two incinerators over time. This assay is an alternative to costly and time-consuming chemical analyses and is more realistic for the assessment of the best disposition of the ash i.e. whether it could pose a risk to handlers of the ash, whether it can be used in cement or as a fertilizer or whether it should be relegated to a landfill. The mutagenic potency of fly and bottom ash on a per g weight basis of material is similar. Furthermore, the variability over time in mutagenicity indicates that constant monitoring of incineration products and byproducts is essential.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Studies, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803.
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Shane
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Gutenmann
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lisk
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D014504:Urban Health; D014866:Waste Products / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014866:Waste Products