title: Health insurance problems among insured rheumatoid arthritis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe limitations in insurance coverage and their financial impact among a sample of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A national sample of RA patients followed since 1988, completed a telephone interview about health insurance coverage, experiences with preexisting conditions clauses, and the financial impact of arthritis. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression techniques were used to analyze the demographics and health status data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Trends in insurance coverage among people in this sample showed that participants were more likely to be in an HMO or PPO currently than 5 years previously. A majority of participants (67%) experienced financial impact from arthritis; 35% said that arthritis limited their ability to earn a living. Twenty-one percent had some insurance limitation because of arthritis as a preexisting condition. Eleven percent had been denied insurance. Those who had higher scores on the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire, were younger, were covered by Blue Cross/Blue Shield, and were more likely to be affected by a preexisting condition limitation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data clearly indicate that even well-insured RA patients receiving care from rheumatologists experience limitations related to preexisting conditions and considerable financial impact.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reisine
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fifield
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000191:economics* / Q000628:therapy; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007342:Insurance Benefits; D007349:Insurance, Health, Reimbursement; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States