title: Safety of intravitreally injected ciprofloxacin in phakic rabbit eyes.
abstract: This study was designed to determine the maximal safe drug concentration of intravitreal ciprofloxacin in phakic rabbit eyes. Twenty-two eyes of New Zealand pigmented rabbits received midvitreal ciprofloxacin of 100, 200, 400, 600 or 800 micrograms in BSS Plus, or BSS Plus only. Retinal toxicity was dose-dependent as determined with electroretinography, light microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. At a dose of greater than 400 micrograms, disorganization of the outer segments was a main pathological finding in transmission electron microscopy. We evaluated retinal function by measuring the electroretinograms for a graded series of flash intensities and by fitting electroretinogram b-wave amplitudes to the Naka-Rushton equation. At a dose of greater than 600 micrograms, Rmax was significantly decreased and log K was significantly increased. N-value tended to decrease. A decrease of b-wave amplitudes caused by retinal toxicity could be detected very sensitively with lower luminance stimuli. Determination of retinal toxicity with lower luminance electroretinography revealed a significant decrease of b-wave amplitudes at a dose of greater than 400 micrograms. We concluded that a safe dose of intravitreal ciprofloxacin in phakic rabbit eyes was 200 micrograms in phakic eyes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Opthalmology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Korea.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kwak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004596:Electroretinography / Q000187:drug effects; D007267:Injections; D007908:Lens, Crystalline; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011817:Rabbits; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012374:Rod Cell Outer Segment / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D002939:Ciprofloxacin