title: The expectant management of early pregnancies of uncertain site.
abstract: The role of expectant management was evaluated in 80 women in whom clinical examination, including vaginal ultrasound, had failed to identify the location of an early pregnancy. In 45 cases, spontaneous resolution of the pregnancy products occurred. A normal intra-uterine pregnancy was diagnosed in 12 patients. A total of 23 patients underwent active therapeutic measures due to an ectopic pregnancy (n = 16) or a spontaneous abortion (n = 7). The effectiveness of different diagnostic measures to identify patients suitable for expectant management was analysed. In 33/34 patients (97%) with a relative daily human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) change of < -5%, and a serum progesterone concentration of < 20 nmol/l, spontaneous resolution of the pregnancy products occurred. Among 46 cases, with a relative daily HCG change of > -5% and/or serum progesterone > 20 nmol/l, active therapeutic measures were carried out in 22 cases (48%), a normal intra-uterine pregnancy was diagnosed in 12 cases (26%) and spontaneous resolution of the pregnancy products occurred in 12 cases (26%). In conclusion, the combination of a single progesterone assay and serial HCG determinations retrospectively identified early pregnancies of uncertain location in whom expectant management was a safe management option.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hahlin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thorburn
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bryman
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D000032:Abortion, Therapeutic; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D011374:Progesterone