Enhanced HIV-1 replication in V beta 12 T cells due to human cytomegalovirus in monocytes: evidence for a putative herpesvirus superantigen.
HIV-1 replicates more efficiently in cultured IL-2-dependent CD4 T cells expressing V beta 12 T cell receptors (TCRs) rather than other TCRs (Laurence et al., 1992). A viral reservoir is frequently established in V beta 12 T cells in HIV-1-infected patients. Here we show that cytomegalovirus (CMV) is responsible for V beta 12-selective HIV-1 replication that is indistinguishable from the effect of known superantigens (SAGs). This effect is dependent on direct contact of T cells with CMV-infected monocytes. CMV infection, but not ie1 or ie2 transfection, reproduces this effect in a monocytoid cell line (U937). In HIV-infected patients, the presence of CMV antibodies correlates with an HIV-1 viral load preferentially skewed to the V beta 12 subset. Together, these data suggest that a CMV gene product is responsible for a SAG-driven V beta 12-selective HIV-1 reservoir in vivo.
Dobrescu
D
D
Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York 10021, USA.
Ursea
B
B
Pope
M
M
Asch
A S
AS
Posnett
D N
DN
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D001483:Base Sequence; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000821:virology; D006224:Cricetinae; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000502:physiology*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006564:Herpesviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009000:Monocytes / Q000821:virology*; D018089:Superantigens / Q000276:immunology*; D014779:Virus Replication
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D018089:Superantigens