title: Family practice residents' learning needs and beliefs about office-based psychological counseling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Teaching office-based psychological counseling is an essential component of family practice training. Most counseling training has been adapted from other disciplines without adequately identifying residents' learning needs, attitudes, and beliefs about counseling. This study was designed to 1) assess family practice residents' perceived learning needs for counseling, and 2) elicit and clarify their attitudes and beliefs about counseling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three consecutive groups of residents anonymously recorded their questions about psychological counseling. These questions were presented to the residents in focus groups for elaboration and clarification of underlying attitudes and beliefs. A consensus panel then categorized the learning needs and identified residents' attitudes and beliefs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-six distinct learning need questions were identified. These items clustered into four categories: skill development, problem/patient selection, practice management, and role confusion. Focus group findings identified four major themes: the need for limits and boundaries, limited understanding of change and the therapeutic process, doubts about personal readiness, and difficulty with the integration of mind and body.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings parallel the concerns of physicians in practice and reinforce the need to identify resident concerns about office-based counseling. Failure to identify and respond to learner concerns may limit the effectiveness of teaching efforts in this curricular area.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Seidl
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Holloway
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Robertson
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003376:Counseling / Q000193:education*; D003479:Curriculum; D005194:Family Practice / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency