title: Running training and co-ordination between breathing and running rhythms during aerobic and anaerobic conditions in humans.
abstract: The study was carried out on ten triathletes, six sprinters and ten subjects not trained in running (controls) to assess the effects of training history on the co-ordination between breathing and running rhythms during running on a treadmill. Three exercise intensities were used: 50%, 80% and 110% of the subject's anaerobic threshold (AT). All three intensities were performed twice: once with spontaneous breathing and once with breathing intentionally co-ordinated to the running rhythm. Heart rate, respiratory parameters and leg movements were continuously recorded. Blood lactate concentrations were measured discontinuously. The degree of co-ordination between running and breathing was quantified as the percentage of inspirations and/or expirations starting during the same phase of step. The results showed that the degree of both spontaneous and intended co-ordination at aerobic exercise intensities was in all three groups the same and increased in all groups with increasing intensity from 50% to 80% of AT; further increase of intensity to 110% of AT was associated with a significant decrease of co-ordination in controls and sprinters, whereas triathletes were able to maintain the same high degree of co-ordination as at 80% of AT. It was concluded that running training of either type at aerobic work loads had no effect on the co-ordination between running and breathing rhythms. At anaerobic intensities, however, the degree of co-ordination between running and breathing rhythms was higher in the endurance trained athletes than in the sprinters or in the untrained subjects. The degree of co-ordination increased with increasing regularity of breathing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernasconi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bürki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bührer
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Koller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kohl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000332:Aerobiosis / Q000502:physiology; D000693:Anaerobiosis / Q000502:physiology; D016552:Ergometry; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000502:physiology; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D012420:Running
chemical_list: D007773:Lactates; D019344:Lactic Acid