title: Comparison between inhibition of protein kinase C and antagonism of calmodulin by tamoxifen analogues.
abstract: A variety of analogues of tamoxifen were tested for inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These results were compared with the calmodulin antagonism exhibited by the analogues as measured by inhibition of calmodulin-dependent cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. The same structural features that enhanced PKC inhibition also led to an increase in calmodulin antagonism, namely 4-iodination and elongation of the basic side-chain. The most potent analogue has a 4-iodine substituent and eight carbon atoms in its basic side-chain with IC50 values of 38 microM for PKC inhibition and 0.3 microM for calmodulin antagonism, which compares with 92 and 6.8 microM, respectively, for tamoxifen. Some selectivity was achieved with a ring-fused analogue that retained the potency of tamoxifen as a PKC inhibitor, but lacked calmodulin antagonism.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Campaign Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, CRC Laboratory, Belmont, Sutton, Surrey, U.K.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Rowlands
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Budworth
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jarman
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Hardcastle
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McCague
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gescher
mesh_terms: D002147:Calmodulin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D006801:Humans; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D013629:Tamoxifen; D011493:Protein Kinase C