title: The relationship between the adrenoceptor and nonadrenoceptor-mediated effects of imidazoline- and imidazole-containing compounds.
abstract: This article brings together work on imidazoline or imidazole-containing compounds concerned with the pharmacology of alpha-adrenoceptors, principally on smooth muscle, to illustrate how imidazolines have contributed to the subclassification of alpha-adrenoceptors and how, against this background, attempts have been made to use this knowledge to uncover "nonadrenoceptor"-mediated biological effects of previously uncharacterized compounds, notably imidazole-containing dipeptides and "clonidine displacing substance" (CDS). Recent data are included on (1) the pharmacology of UK-14304, (2) nonadrenoceptor actions of phentolamine, (3) the pharmacology of tissue extracts containing imidazole-containing dipeptides and CDS activity, and (4) ligand binding data at I1 and I2 sites.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, University of Glasgow, Scotland.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kendall
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: MacKinnon
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagadeh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: O'Dowd
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: O'Dowd
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pinthong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003000:Clonidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054755:Imidazoline Receptors; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects; D018341:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2 / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004151:Dipeptides; D007093:Imidazoles; D054755:Imidazoline Receptors; D018341:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; D011955:Receptors, Drug; C055140:clonidine-displacing substance; D003000:Clonidine