House dust mite allergen avoidance: a randomized controlled trial of surface chemical treatment and encasement of bedding.
To test the effectiveness of a house dust mite (HDM) allergen avoidance strategy we conducted a randomized controlled trial in 35 atopic subjects with asthma, aged 13 to 60 living in Sydney - a high HDM allergen environment. After a 3 month run-in period, subjects were randomized to active allergen avoidance treatment (n = 17) or placebo (n = 18) groups and followed for 6 months. The active treatment involved placing impermeable covers over the mattress, pillows and duvet and spraying the remaining bedding, as well as the carpets and furniture, with a tannic acid/acaricidal spray. Subjects kept a daily record of symptoms and peak expiratory flow rates and had 3 monthly assessments of lung function and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Dust samples were collected from the bed, the bedroom floor and the living room floor at 3 monthly intervals and 2 weeks after the treatment. Mean HDM allergen levels at baseline at these sites were, in the active group, 15.5, 9.6 and 10.2 micrograms Der p I/g of fine dust, and, in the placebo group 25.7, 11.8 and 6.3 micrograms/g. Two weeks after the allergen avoidance treatment the HDM allergen level in the beds was reduced to 29% of baseline (95% CI 16-50%, P = 0.038 compared with placebo), but was not significantly different at 3 or 6 months. There was also no significant effect of the allergen avoidance treatment on symptom scores, peak flow variability, lung function or AHR P > 0.1).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Marks
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Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
Tovey
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Green
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Shearer
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Salome
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Woolcock
A J
AJ
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D039741:Antigens, Dermatophagoides; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001512:Bedding and Linens; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008924:Mite Infestations / Q000517:prevention & control; D008925:Mites; D016037:Single-Blind Method
D000485:Allergens; D039741:Antigens, Dermatophagoides; D006023:Glycoproteins; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D007306:Insecticides