title: Late relapse of clinical stage I testicular cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The clinical presentation and treatment of late recurrence (2 or more years after initial management) of testis cancer are defined.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective search was performed to identify patients treated for late relapse at our university from 1979 to 1992 who had initially presented with clinical stage 1 disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We treated 35 patients with chemotherapy for late relapse. No patient has remained disease-free with chemotherapy alone. Subsequent surgery resulted in 43% of the patients being currently disease-free.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment of late relapse is surgical. Chemotherapy before late relapse for low volume disease does not uniformly prevent late recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis 46202-5250, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baniel
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Einhorn
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Donohue
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors