title: Outcome analysis of bilateral Cohen cross-trigonal ureteroneocystostomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The perioperative and long-term outcomes of children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) treated by cross-trigonal ureteroneocystostomy were ascertained.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred ten consecutive children with VUR who underwent bilateral cross-trigonal ureteroneocystostomy were studied retrospectively. Nineteen children with neurovesical dysfunction or megaureters requiring tapered reimplants were excluded. Outcome parameters of the remaining 91 children consisted of operative time, length of hospitalization, days of Foley catheter drainage perioperative complications, correction of reflux, subsequent morbidity, and parental satisfaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 182 renal units, 11 (6%) had grade 0 VUR, 18 (10%) had grade I, 43 (24%) had grade II, 59 (32%) had grade III, 36 (20%) had grade IV, and 15 (8%) had grade V reflux. The mean operative and hospitalization times were 180 minutes and 5.6 days, respectively. No postoperative complications occurred. Three children were lost to follow-up, and the remaining 88 children had an extended mean follow-up in excess of 3 years. Voiding cystourethrogram documented a 98.3% (173 of 176 renal units) success rate. Sixteen children (18%) experienced nonfebrile clinically symptomatic cystitis episodes and 3 children (3%) experienced one febrile episode each. Telephone parental survey of overall surgical experience revealed a 94% very satisfied, 2% satisfied, and 3% dissatisified rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cross-trigonal ureteroneocystostomy is a safe and effective technique that is virtually complication free and has high parental satisfaction. The results of this study provide a baseline for comparison of non-operative treatment of reflux as well as laparoscopic and endoscopic techniques.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Medical Center, Section of Urology, Ann Arbor, USA.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kennelly
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bloom
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ritchey
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Panzl
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003556:Cystitis / Q000209:etiology; D003559:Cystostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery*; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*