title: Case report: reversible hyperkalemia associated with trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole.
abstract: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is a fixed-dose antimicrobial agent used in a variety of infections. Adverse reactions are more common in patients with AIDS, but occasionally occur in immunocompetent patients. Renal toxicity is usually a hypersensitivity reaction to the sulfa component, and manifests as interstitial nephritis or sulfa crystallization in the renal tubules. Reversible hyperkalemia is a rarely reported side effect of TMP-SMX therapy attributed to TMP inhibition of potassium secretion in the distal renal tubule in a manner similar to the potassium sparing diuretic, amiloride. In this article, the author reports a case of hyperkalemia associated with TMP-SMK occurring in an elderly man with no other risk factors for hyperkalemia, which resolved upon discontinuation of the drug.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Marinella
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006947:Hyperkalemia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D018461:Soft Tissue Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D014508:Urea; D011188:Potassium