title: Sepsis in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. The Madrid HIV Pediatric Infection Collaborative Study Group.
abstract: The aims of this retrospective study were to review the frequency and patterns of bacterial sepsis in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The charts of 233 human immunodeficiency virus-infected children cared for during a 10-year period in 4 tertiary hospitals in Madrid were reviewed. There were 43 episodes of sepsis in 31 (13%) children. Twenty of them had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, 10 were class PA2 and 1 was class P1B. The most common organisms recovered were: nontyphoidal Salmonella, 10 cases (23%); Streptococcus pneumoniae, 9 cases (21%); Staphylococcus epidermidis, 6 cases (14%); Escherichia coli, 5 cases (12%); Enterococcus faecalis, 4 cases (9%); Campylobacter jejuni, 2 cases (5%). In 28 episodes of bacteremia there were other sites of associated infection: pneumonia, 6 cases; urinary tract infection (UTI), 5 cases; gastrointestinal disease, 4 cases; catheter-related bacteremia, 12 cases. Eight patients had more than 1 episode of bacteremia. The rate of complications was high: 6 children had septic shock; and 2 of them developed disseminated intravascular coagulation. There was 1 death directly related to sepsis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Doce de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Contreras
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hernández-Sampelayo
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Gurbindo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garcia de José
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: De Miguel
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cilleruelo
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mellado
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents