Systemic Haemophilus influenzae disease in Thai children.
Fifty patients with systemic Haemophilus influenzae disease were indentified by hospital chart review between 1980-1992. The age distribution varied from 8 days to 14 years; the mean age of the patients was 12.7 months. The peak incidence was between 4 and 6 months of age. There were 27 male patients and 23 female patients for a male:female ratio of 1.17:1. The relative frequencies of 79 clinical entities encountered in 50 patients are as follows: meningitis 55.7%, bacteremia 13.9%, pneumonia 25.3%, cellulitis 2.5% arthritis 1.3%, septic shock 1.3%. There were 23 patients (46%) who had more than one disease entity. Most of the patients were anemic (Hb < 10 gm%) when hospitalization. Sixty-four percent of the patients had early complications. The mortality rate was 8%. Although serotyping was not done from the isolates, at least 33 cerebrospinal fluid samples were positive for H. influenzae type b capsular antigen by counterimmunoelectrophoresis. The percentage of susceptible H. influenzae to penicillin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole were 57.1%, 76.4%, 87.5% and 54.2%, respectively. There was no strain resistant to third generation cephalosporin. Our data indicate that H. influenzae is a serious and life threatening infection. Early diagnosis and proper treatment will reduce the morbidity and mortality rates. For prevention of infection, an appropriate strategy for vaccination is required.
Likitnukul
S
S
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
D000293:Adolescent; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008583:Meningitis, Haemophilus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology