title: Low back pain in schoolchildren. A study of familial and psychological factors.
abstract: METHODS
  The results of a survey organized in the school system of the Swiss canton of Fribourg. An original questionnaire was developed for this study are reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to evaluate the possible role of familial or psychological factors in schoolchildren reporting nonspecific low back pain.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Previous surveys have shown a high prevalence of nonspecific low back. pain among schoolchildren, particularly teen-agers. The reported familial incidence raises, among others, the question of a possible role of psychological or behavioral factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  This survey was performed with a validated 43-item self-administered questionnaire eliciting information about back pain history, family characteristics, children's activities, and psychological parameters. All schoolchildren (n = 615), ages 12-17 years, in two secondary schools (Fribourg, Switzerland) were surveyed. The response rate was 98%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reported lifetime prevalence of back pain was 74%. Lumbar pain was the most frequent localization of pain (69% of back pain). The measured psychological factors were significantly associated with reported nonspecific low back pain and its consequences as well as with sibling history of low back pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study suggests that psychological factors play a role in children's reporting of nonspecific low back pain.
authors.affiliation: Service de Rheumatologie, Médecine Physique et Rééducation, Höpital Cantanol, Fribourg, Switzerland.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Balagué
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Skovron
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nordin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dutoit
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Pol
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Waldburger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000339:Affect; D002648:Child; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D009679:Nuclear Family; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013557:Switzerland / Q000453:epidemiology