title: Simultaneous defecography and peritoneography in defecation disorders.
abstract: A number of physiologic and radiologic investigations are used in investigating defecation disorders. Defecography is one important part of these investigations. However, a correct diagnosis of an enterocele is sometimes difficult despite use of contrast media in the rectum, vagina, and small bowel.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to ascertain if it was technically possible to perform simultaneous defecography and peritoneography in an effort to improve the diagnostic possibilities in patients with defecation disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve patients with defecation disorders and an unexplained widening of the rectovaginal space at defecography were investigated. Contrast medium was introduced intraperitoneally, after which conventional defecography was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All investigations were carried out without complications and demonstrated the peritoneal outline in all patients. Simultaneous defecography and peritoneography differentiated between an enterocele and a pathologically deep pouch of Douglas--a peritoneocele. Three types of peritoneocele were visualized: vaginal peritoneocele, septal peritoneocele, and rectal peritoneocele with or without enterocele. Combinations of the three types were also found. Eight of the 12 patients had rectal intussusception or rectal prolapse. All of these eight patients had a rectal peritoneocele.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Simultaneous defecography and peritoneography can be performed without technical difficulties or complications. Peritoneal outlines and pouches can, therefore, be studied directly during the act of defecation. An unexplained widening of the rectovaginal space at defecography can be clarified as a peritoneocele, with or without an enterocele. Peritoneocele can be of three different types: rectal, septal, or vaginal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Karolinska Institute, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bremmer
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Ahlbäck
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Udén
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mellgren
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003672:Defecation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007443:Intussusception / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011859:Radiography; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012005:Rectal Prolapse / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012007:Rectum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*