title: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I in Iranian-born Mashhadi Jews: genetic and phylogenetic evidence for common source of infection.
abstract: High prevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection and disease has been identified among Iranian-born Mashhadi Jews, an ethnically segregated, highly inbred population. To determine the origin and genetic diversity of HTLV-I in this group, 1,039 bp spanning selected regions of the HTLV-I gag, pol, env and pX genes were enzymatically amplified and sequenced directly from DNA of five Mashhadi Jews (three with spastic myelopathy and two asymptomatic carriers). Alignment and comparison of these sequences with cosmopolitan and Australo-Melanesian topotypes of HTLV-I indicated that the HTLV-I strains from Mashhadi Jews, which were > or = 99.9% identical among themselves, exhibited considerable sequence similarity (> or = 99%) to HTLV-I strains from southern India, suggesting a common source of infection. Phylogenetic analysis, using the maximum parsimony method, was consistent with a single-source introduction of HTLV-I into the Mashhadi Jewish community.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: V R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Nerurkar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Achiron
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Melland
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pinhas-Hamiel
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Melamed
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shohat
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yanagihara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001483:Base Sequence; D005260:Female; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D015752:Genes, env / Q000235:genetics; D015750:Genes, gag / Q000235:genetics; D016355:Genes, pX / Q000235:genetics; D015751:Genes, pol / Q000235:genetics; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D006579:Heterozygote; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D007585:Jews / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015493:Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid