title: Affective disorders in hospitalized children and adolescents with mental retardation: a retrospective study.
abstract: We contrasted a sample of children and adolescents with affective disorders and mental retardation with a comparison group on behavioral symptoms, associated diagnoses, and psychopharmacologic treatment. Fifty consecutive patients with both impaired intellectual functioning and at least one affective disorder admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit for children and adolescents with developmental disabilities and psychiatric disorders were matched to a group of 50 inpatients without depression. Behavioral symptoms such as suicidal ideation or gestures, crying, irritability, sleep problems, agitation, mood lability, and social withdrawal/isolation occurred significantly more often in the affective group than in the comparison group. Aggression, however, was the most frequent behavior concern for both groups, whereas disruption/destruction was identified significantly more often in the comparison group. Regarding Axis I diagnoses, the comparison group was more often identified with externalizing disorders (ADHD, ODD), though there was a high rate of comorbidity in the affective disorder group. The behavioral symptoms used to diagnosis normally developing children and adolescents appear to be applied in making affective disorders diagnoses in this sample of children and adolescents with mental retardation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Handen
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lubetsky
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Sacco
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012189:Retrospective Studies