title: Fractionation of Bothrops pirajai snake venom: isolation and characterization of piratoxin-I, a new myotoxic protein.
abstract: Whole desiccated venom of Bothrops pirajai was fractionated on a gel filtration (Sephadex G-75) column. Phospholipase A2, arginine esterase and clotting activity profiles of the six fractions (SI to SVI) obtained were determined. Fraction SIV from the gel filtration column was subjected to chromatography on SP-Sephadex C-25. It was resolved into five subfractions (SIV-SP1, to SIV-SP5). Fractions SIV-SP1, SIV-SP2 and SIV-SP3 showed phospholipase A2 activity but, among these fractions, only SIV-SP3 was homogeneous. Induction of myonecrosis by SIV-SP3, SIV-SP4 and SIV-SP5 was demonstrated by their ability to release serum creatine kinase, and for SIV-SP5, to induce histological alterations in the injected mouse muscle. Chemical characterization by determination of mol. wts, isoelectric focusing and direct manual sequencing of the N-terminal region was performed for SIV-SP3, SIV-SP4 and SIV-SP5. When compared with bothropstoxin-I, the myotoxin SIV-SP5 showed the same total number of amino acid residues (121) and constant molar ratio for all but three amino acids. We have named this toxin piratoxin-I (PrTX-I).
authors.affiliation: Departmento de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Medicina de Riberão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Mancuso
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lachat
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: de Araujo
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Ownby
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Giglio
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017837:Bothrops; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000633:toxicity; D004950:Esterases / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000032:analysis; D054467:Phospholipases A2
chemical_list: D003435:Crotalid Venoms; D009183:Mycotoxins; D004950:Esterases; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2