title: Analysis of the human T-cell response to picornaviruses: identification of T-cell epitopes close to B-cell epitopes in poliovirus.
abstract: Little is known about the nature and specificity of T-cell-mediated responses to picornaviruses in humans. In this study, the nature of the T-cell response to seven picornaviruses, including polioviruses, coxsackieviruses B3 and B4, human rhinovirus 14, and encephalomyocarditis virus, was determined. Twenty-nine individuals responded to poliovirus type 3, coxsackievirus B3, and encephalomyocarditis virus by proliferation of T cells, and from such cultures, 130 virus-specific T-cell lines were established. T-cell lines generated in response to encephalomyocarditis virus were exclusively strain specific. However, the majority of T-cell lines established in response to viruses, other than encephalomyocarditis virus, were cross-reactive to each other. Their cross-reactivity was confirmed in 2 of the 30 picornavirus-specific clonally derived T-cell lines from two subjects, but the majority of these lines were serotype specific. T-cell epitopes adjacent to each of the B-cell antigenic sites in VP1 of poliovirus type 3 were identified. The response to the region adjacent to B-cell antigenic site 1 (residues 97 to 114) was dominant between individuals. The localization of this major CD4 T-cell epitope may permit the construction of chimeric viruses utilizing the natural picornavirus T-cell response to augment production of antibody specific for inserted sequences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Borysiewicz
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000494:pharmacology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D002213:Capsid / Q000276:immunology*; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003429:Cross Reactions; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology; D010641:Phenotype; D010849:Picornaviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D000939:Epitopes; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C442540:VP1 protein, Poliovirus