title: Myoclonus in patients treated with clozapine: a case series.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Various types of movement disorder have been reported to occur rarely in patients treated with clozapine. This paper describes five cases in which these phenomena appeared to be clearly associated with clozapine medication and discusses possible pharmacologic mechanisms and treatment options.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inpatients receiving clozapine were investigated for the presence of movement disorders. We present five patients with clozapine-induced myoclonus, describe their patterns, and compare clinical features.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five patients treated with clozapine developed a similar pattern of movement disorder that can be described as myoclonus. The neurologic symptoms improved after the treatment was discontinued, the clozapine dose reduced, or concomitant carbamazepine administered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clozapine can induce dose-dependent myoclonus. However, these symptoms can be relieved by reducing the dose of clozapine or giving carbamazepine so that discontinuation of clozapine treatment can be avoided.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatrische Klinik und Poliklinik, Freien Universität, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Bak
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Schaub
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hellweg
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Reischies
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003024:Clozapine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009207:Myoclonus / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D002220:Carbamazepine; D003024:Clozapine