title: Luminal glutamine perfusion alters endotoxin-related changes in ileal permeability of the piglet.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this study was to investigate whether luminal perfusion with glutamine or with oxygenated glutamine solutions prevents endotoxin-induced changes in mucosal permeability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three 15-cm segments of distal ileum were isolated in anesthetized 21-day-old piglets (n = 4) and perfused (50 mL/h) with Ringer's lactate solution, Ringer's lactate solution with 2% glutamine (wt/vol), glutamine, or glutamine purged with oxygen at 37 degrees C for 280 minutes. Plasma-to-lumen clearances of 51Cr-EDTA and urea were measured to assess mucosal permeability. At time 0 minutes, loading and maintenance IV infusions of markers were begun. Baseline permeabilities were obtained from time 60 to 80 minutes, and IV endotoxin (50 micrograms/kg) was introduced from time 80 to 140 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results are expressed as the ratio of the clearances of the two probes (CEDTA/CUREA). Permeability increased from baseline in loops perfused with Ringer's lactate solution vs loops perfused with glutamine purged with oxygen and with glutamine alone (p < .01). Saturation with oxygen was without effect inasmuch as glutamine alone negated permeability increases. Intestinal myeloperoxidase activity did not differ with perfusate (p > .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that endotoxin-induced permeability changes can be prevented or delayed by the supply of luminal glutamine at the time of insult.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Dugan
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: McBurney
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002860:Chromium Radioisotopes; D004492:Edetic Acid; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005973:Glutamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007082:Ileum / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010477:Perfusion; D010539:Permeability; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002860:Chromium Radioisotopes; D004731:Endotoxins; D007773:Lactates; D005973:Glutamine; D019344:Lactic Acid; D004492:Edetic Acid; D009195:Peroxidase; D010100:Oxygen