title: Developmental and differential regulations in gene expression of Xenopus pleiotrophic factors-alpha and -beta.
abstract: Using conserved nucleotide sequences in mammalian osteoblast specific factor-1 (OSF-1) coding regions, we isolated two kinds of cDNA clones from the Xenopus brain library. The encoded proteins, named Xenopus pleiotrophic factors (X-PTFs)-alpha and -beta, were 65 and 87% homologous to human midkine and OSF-1, respectively. In the adult frog, X-ptf-alpha was expressed in the ovary, brain, eye, bone, heart and lung, whereas X-ptf-beta was expressed in the brain, eye and bone. By in situ hybridization of the tailbud embryo, X-ptf-alpha mRNA was detected rather broadly in the head/tail regions including the central nervous system (CNS), whereas X-ptf-beta mRNA was restricted to the CNS, particularly in the hind-brain. During embryogenesis, X-ptf-alpha mRNA was detected in the one-cell stage embryo, whereas only zygotic expression was observed in X-ptf-beta. X-ptf-beta mRNAs contained approximately 79 bp tandem repeats in the 3'-untranslated region, complementary to those found in retinoic acid cellular receptor mRNA and in the sense strand of short interspersed repeat transcripts in X. laevis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsujimura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yasojima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuboki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiokawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hashimoto-Gotoh
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D017931:DNA Primers; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D000078792:Midkine; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009928:Organ Specificity; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D017931:DNA Primers; D006133:Growth Substances; C066845:pleiotrophin; D000078792:Midkine