title: Segmented approach to simultaneous intrusion and space closure: biomechanics of the three-piece base arch appliance.
abstract: Deep overbite correction and space closure in patients with flared incisors are mechanically difficult to achieve with conventional orthodontic treatment. The purpose of this article is to present an appliance design that allows simultaneous intrusion and retraction of anterior teeth as well as correction of their axial inclinations. A three-piece base arch was used to achieve simultaneous intrusion and space closure. Various clinical situations are discussed and analyzed from a biomechanical standpoint. Sequences of treatment, appliance design, and management of side effects are described in detail. The segmented approach to simultaneous intrusion and space closure is useful for achieving precise control of tooth movements in the anteroposterior and vertical dimensions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shroff
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lindauer
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Burstone
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Leiss
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000379:methods*; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques; D014716:Vertical Dimension