title: Response of failing canine and human heart cells to beta 2-adrenergic stimulation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Failing human hearts lose beta 1- but not beta 2-adrenergic receptors. In canine hearts with tachypacing failure, the ratio of beta 2- to beta 1-adrenergic receptors is increased. The present study was designed to determine whether heart failure increases sensitivity to beta 2-adrenergic stimulation in isolated canine ventricular cardiomyocytes and to verify that myocytes from failing human ventricles contain functional beta 2-adrenergic receptors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Myocytes from healthy dogs, dogs with tachypacing failure, and human transplant recipients were loaded with fura 2-AM and subjected to electric field stimulation in the presence of zinterol, a highly selective beta 2-adrenergic agonist. Zinterol significantly increased [Ca2+]i transient amplitudes in all three groups. The failing canine myocytes were significantly more responsive than normal to beta 2-adrenergic stimulation. We also measured isotonic twitches, indo-1 fluorescence transients, and L-type Ca2+ currents in healthy canine myocytes. Zinterol (10(-5) mol/L) elicited large increases in the amplitudes of simultaneously recorded twitches and [Ca2+]i transients. Zinterol also increased L-type Ca2+ currents in the normal canine myocytes; this augmentation was abolished by 10(-7) mol/L ICI 118,551. cAMP production by suspensions of healthy and failing canine myocytes was not increased by zinterol (10(-9) to 10(-5) mol/L), nor did 10(-5) mol/L zinterol elicit phospholamban phosphorylation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Failing human ventricular cardiomyocytes contain functional beta 2-adrenergic receptors. Canine myocytes also contain functional beta 2-adrenergic receptors. The canine ventricular response to beta 2-agonists is increased in tachypacing failure. Positive inotropic responses to beta 2-stimulation are not mediated by increases in cAMP or cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of phospholamban.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210-1218, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Altschuld
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Starling
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hamlin
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Billman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hensley
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Fertel
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hohl
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Robitaille
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004285:Dogs; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000187:drug effects*; D000099211:Phospholamban
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D004983:Ethanolamines; D007545:Isoproterenol; D011412:Propanolamines; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; D000099211:Phospholamban; C026777:ICI 118551; C002904:zinterol