title: School scoliosis screening and the United States Preventive Services Task Force. An examination of long-term results.
abstract: METHODS
  Analysis of scoliosis screening in Dublin (1979-1990) of patients who passed significant levels (25 degrees and 40 degrees) and received orthotic treatment or surgery.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To reexamine the basis of school scoliosis screening.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The United States Preventive Services Task Force questioned the validity of school screening for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis because there is insufficient scientific evidence to justify it.
  
  
  METHODS
  New entrants (1986-87) to the screening program were used to test the validity of the screening methods. The total screened population, proportions reaching significant Cobb angles or undergoing treatment, were compared across the time period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sensitivity of the forward bend test in detecting or predicting 40 degrees scoliosis was 0.83, the specificity was 0.99, and the predictive value was 0.08. The proportion prescribed braces declined significantly (P < 0.01), but there was no significant change in those with scoliosis greater than 24 degrees (0.18%) or 39 degrees (.08%) nor was there a significant change in the numbers needing surgery (.045%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of significant scoliosis and of surgery is low and independent of changes in bracing policy. The validity of screening to cause significant change in prevalence must be challenged.
authors.affiliation: Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Crumlin, Ireland.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Dowling
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Fogarty
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006296:Health Services; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008403:Mass Screening; D009985:Orthopedics; D009989:Orthotic Devices; D011315:Preventive Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D012574:Schools; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D014481:United States