title: Stat5 as a target for regulation by extracellular matrix.
abstract: Transcription of tissue-specific genes in mammary gland requires signals from both prolactin and basement membrane. Here we address the mechanism by which this specialized extracellular matrix regulates transcription. Using mammary cell cultures derived from transgenic mice harboring the ovine beta-lactoglobulin gene, we show that either a basement membrane extract, or purified laminin-1, induced high levels of beta-lactoglobulin synthesis. It is known that prolactin signals through Stat5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription). This transcription factor interacts with gamma-interferon activation site-related motifs within the beta-lactoglobulin promoter, which we show are required for matrix dependence of beta-lactoglobulin expression. The DNA binding activity of Stat5 was present only in extracts of mammary cells cultured on basement membrane, indicating that the activation state of Stat5 is regulated by the type of substratum the cell encounters. Thus, basement membrane controls transcription of milk protein genes through the Stat5-mediated prolactin signaling pathway, providing a molecular explanation for previous studies implicating extracellular matrix in the control of mammary differentiation.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Streuli
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delcommenne
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Whitelaw
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Burdon
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schindler
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Watson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D003470:Culture Media; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007782:Lactoglobulins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007797:Laminin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008894:Milk Proteins; D011247:Pregnancy; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007782:Lactoglobulins; D007797:Laminin; D008894:Milk Proteins; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D003094:Collagen; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase