title: Extended experience with radical prostatectomy for clinical stage T3 prostate cancer: outcome and contemporary morbidity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Radical prostatectomy for clinical stage T3 prostate cancer has not been widely accepted due to the potential for incomplete excision of the local tumor and high incidence of lymph node metastases. In addition, contemporary morbidity is unknown. We report the long-term results in 812 patients with clinical stage T3 prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1966 and 1992, 812 patients with clinical stage T3 prostate cancer underwent radical prostatectomy of whom 479 (60%) received adjuvant therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean patient age was 65 years (range 40 to 78). Mean followup was 4.5 years (range up to 24). Disease was stage pT2c or less in 17% of patients, pT3a to c in 49% and node-positive in 33%. Of the primary tumors pathological Gleason score was 7 or greater in 62%. Crude and cancer-specific survival rates at 5, 10 and 15 years were 86%, 70% and 51%, and 90%, 80% and 69%, respectively. Operative morbidity paralleled that of patients with clinically localized disease (T2c or less).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An excellent survival rate with low treatment related morbidity can be achieved by performing primary radical prostatectomy with adjuvant therapy in the patient with clinical stage T3 prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lerner
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Blute
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zincke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome