title: Ostrich pepsinogens I and II: purification, activation and chemical and immunochemical characterization of the enzymes from the proventriculus.
abstract: Pepsins are a series of gastric proteases secreted as inactive precursors (pepsinogens) which are active at acidic pH. The aim of this study was to purify ostrich pepsin(ogen)s and to compare their biochemical and immunological characteristics with those of pepsin(ogen)s of mammalian and avian origin. Ostrich pepsinogens were purified by ammonium sulphate fractionation, Toyopearl Super Q-650S chromatography and rechromatography, and hydroxylapatite chromatography of a pH 8.0 mucosal extract. Pepsins were obtained through acidification, and purified by chromatography on SP-Sephadex C-50. Amino acid compositions, N-terminal sequences, Ouchterlony double-diffusion as well as Western blot analysis were performed. Two pepsinogens were isolated and purified from the proventriculus of the ostrich, pepsinogens I and II. Both pepsinogens and pepsins were purified to homogeneity as shown by PAGE and SDS-PAGE, with SDS-PAGE revealing M(r) values of 40,400 and 41,900 for pepsinogens I and II, respectively. SDS-PAGE revealed M(r) values of 36,000 and 36,300 for ostrich pepsins I and II, respectively. Ostrich pepsinogens I and II were found to have identical N-terminal sequences, with Asp as N-terminal amino acid. Amino acid compositions were obtained for both pepsinogens, with ostrich pepsinogen I being slightly smaller in size with a total of 356 residues compared to 371 for ostrich pepsinogen II. Pepsinogen II showed a pI of 4.29. Ostrich pepsinogens I and II were found to be immunologically separate entities, and no cross-reactivity was observed between anti-(ostrich pepsinogen I/II) sera and porcine pepsin/pepsinogen. The study indicates that only two pepsinogens are present in the ostrich. They differ in terms of electrophoretic mobility, molecular mass and immunological reactivity, but have been found to have identical N-terminal sequences. It is concluded that both pepsinogens belong to the pepsinogen A class of aspartyl proteases (EC 3.4.23.1).
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
authors.forename: B I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Pletschke
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Naudé
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Oelofsen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muramoto
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds; D002845:Chromatography; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005779:Immunodiffusion; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010434:Pepsin A / Q000235:genetics; D010435:Pepsinogens / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011531:Proventriculus / Q000201:enzymology*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D010435:Pepsinogens; D010434:Pepsin A