title: Prenatal diagnosis of isovaleric acidaemia by enzyme and metabolite assay in the first and second trimesters.
abstract: Isovaleric acidaemia (IVA) is caused by a deficiency of isovaleryl CoA dehydrogenase. The diagnosis can be established biochemically by the demonstration of increased levels of isovalerylglycine (IVG) and 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid in urine and by the deficiency of incorporation of radiolabel from [14C]isovaleric acid in macromolecules in cultured fibroblasts. This paper reports a consecutive series of 24 prenatal diagnoses in pregnancies at high risk, using both methods--metabolite and indirect enzyme assay. Affected fetuses were diagnosed in four pregnancies: three in the second trimester and one recent case in the first trimester. The latter represents the first reported case of a first-trimester diagnosis of IVA by direct analysis of chorionic villi. We also report the first demonstration of strongly accumulated IVG in the amniotic fluid in the 12th week of an affected pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kleijer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van der Kraan
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Huijmans
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: van den Heuvel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jakobs
mesh_terms: D000649:Amniocentesis; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002824:Chorionic Villi / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000201:enzymology; D005865:Gestational Age; D045782:Hemiterpenes; D006801:Humans; D050769:Isovaleryl-CoA Dehydrogenase; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000172:deficiency*; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; D010421:Pentanoic Acids / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis
chemical_list: D045782:Hemiterpenes; D010421:Pentanoic Acids; C008216:isovaleric acid; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; D050769:Isovaleryl-CoA Dehydrogenase