title: The effect of growth hormone on nutritional markers in enterally fed immobilized trauma patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Earlier clinical studies have demonstrated improved nitrogen balance in nonstressed patients receiving hypocaloric feedings and growth hormone (GH). This study investigates the effect of GH on nitrogen balance, on serum protein concentrations, and on other indices of nutrition when combined with enteral feeding in immobilized patients after closed-head injury or spinal cord injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients who tolerated enteral feedings and remained nonseptic were randomized to receive either placebo or 0.2 mg/kg recombinant human GH for 7 to 13 days. Nitrogen balances were collected daily, and serum proteins were measured at study entrance and exit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GH treatment resulted in higher GH and insulin-like growth factor-1 concentrations but did not improve nitrogen balance. GH treatment also resulted in increased transferrin and serum albumin levels and total lymphocyte count during the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adjuvant recombinant human GH has no effect on nitrogen balance in highly stressed, totally immobilized patients after head or spinal cord injury, but it significantly enhances constitutive serum protein concentrations and other indices of nutritional repletion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee at Memphis 38163, USA.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Behrman
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kudsk
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Vehe
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wojtysiak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016489:Head Injuries, Closed / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000628:therapy*; D014168:Transferrin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D014168:Transferrin; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone; D009584:Nitrogen