Blind cannulation of the left pericardiophrenic vein: an unusual cause of diaphragmatic pacing.
Diaphragmatic stimulation as a complication of cardiac pacing due to right ventricular perforation of an endocardial lead or penetration of a screw-in lead along the right atrial free wall, adjacent to the right phrenic nerve, has previously been described. A case of diaphragmatic pacing due to inadvertent insertion of a temporary pacing lead into the left pericardiophrenic vein via the left internal jugular vein is presented and anatomical considerations are discussed.
Kogan
A D
AD
St. Francis Hospital, Evanston, Illinois.
Malek
M
M
D000368:Aged; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D003964:Diaphragm; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014680:Veins