title: Protective effects of KW-3902, an adenosine A1-receptor antagonist, against cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in rats.
abstract: We investigated possible renal protective and therapeutic effects of KW-3902 (8-(noradamantan-3-yl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine), a novel and potent adenosine A1-receptor antagonist, on cisplatin-induced acute renal failure (ARF). ARF was induced in rats by a single injection of cisplatin-induced acute renal failure (ARF). ARF was induced in rats by a single injection of cisplatin (5 mg/kg, i.v.). Prophylactic treatment with KW-3902 (0.01-1 mg/kg, p.o., twice a day) significantly attenuated the increases of serum creatinine (S-CRE) and urea nitrogen (S-UN) induced by cisplatin. On the other hand, neither furosemide nor trichlormethiazide showed any ameliorating effects against the cisplatin-induced ARF. In the clearance study, the cisplatin-treatment induced marked decreases of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal plasma flow (RPF), and reabsorptions of water, sodium and potassium at tubular sites, in comparison with those in untreated normal rats. KW-3902 (0.1 mg/kg, p.o., twice a day) significantly improved these deteriorated glomerular and tubular functions. In the rats with established cisplatin-induced ARF, KW-3902 ameliorated the cisplatin-induced reductions of GFR, RPF, and reabsorptions of water, sodium and potassium at tubular sites. These results suggest that activation of adenosine A1-receptors is involved in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced ARF. The adenosine A1-receptor antagonist may be useful for the treatment of cisplatin-induced ARF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd., Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagashima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kusaka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karasawa
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000633:toxicity*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005665:Furosemide / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine; D014237:Trichlormethiazide / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism; D014970:Xanthines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D014970:Xanthines; D014867:Water; C073525:rolofylline; D005665:Furosemide; D012964:Sodium; D003404:Creatinine; D002945:Cisplatin; D014237:Trichlormethiazide; D011188:Potassium