title: Accuracy and precision in some dental radiographic methods. A methodological study with special considerations in age estimation in juveniles.
abstract: A computer method enabling metric measuring in radiographs has been presented. The measurements are time saving and precise and accurate measurements can be made. The statistical analysis can be performed based on a ratio scale, allowing more reliable and conclusive statistics. The most useful field for the presented method is offered in epidemiology where great materials are being handled. Since small changes can be studied, the method can be useful in studying marginal bone level changes in large populations. Or marginal bone levels around implants. In age estimation the digitizer method has no direct valuable application during adolescence, when the lower third molar is used. Here the present series of studies showed the traditional age estimation method and the digitizer method to be fairly unprecise with rather large systematic error. The skeletal age estimation method according to Greulich and Pyle was found to be more accurate and useful during the ages 14 up to 18 years. In younger children, where more parameters or teeth are available, there may be advantages to use a digital dental method instead of a traditional dental one.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kullman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000365:Age Determination by Skeleton; D000366:Age Determination by Teeth; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002648:Child; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009811:Odontometry; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D011861:Radiography, Dental; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013548:Sweden; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging