title: The extended Abbé flap.
abstract: Large upper lip defects that include the surrounding aesthetic subunits of the midface are difficult to reconstruct. Abbé flaps have been a popular method of dealing with small upper lip defects but, as classically described, they are insufficient for larger defects. We performed cadaver injections to evaluate the vascular territory supplied by the inferior labial artery with particular attention to the submental area. Extended Abbé flaps were then designed and used in combined upper lip and midfacial reconstruction. Three cases and guidelines for the use of the extended Abbé flap are presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kriet
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Cupp
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sherris
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Murakami
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001158:Arteries; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000601:surgery; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000601:surgery; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000098:blood supply / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000379:methods*