title: Surgical treatment of spinal cord compression from epidural metastasis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A retrospective study of the results of neoplastic cord compression was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of surgical treatment and to assess quality of life in patients undergoing extensive procedures with potential morbidity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over a 5-year period (1989 to 1993), a total of 110 patients underwent surgery. Fifty-five patients (50%) had undergone prior treatment, including 47 (43%) who had failed to respond to prior irradiation (RT). Before surgery, 48 patients (44%) were nonambulatory, with severe paresis being present in 20. Surgery included staged anterior-posterior resections in 53 patients (48%), anterior resections in 33 (30%), and posterior resection in six (5%), all of whom required spinal instrumentation for reconstruction; only 18 patients underwent resection without instrumentation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperatively, 90 patients (82%) were improved, both in terms of pain relief and ambulatory status. Fifty-three patients (48%) experienced postoperative complications, related statistically to the following three factors: age over 65 years, prior treatment, and presence of paraparesis. The overall median survival duration was 16 months, with 46% alive at 2 years. Apart from primary tumor, the presence of preoperative paraparesis had the most significant impact on survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that the effective surgical treatment of neoplastic compression requires anterior-posterior resection in most patients to achieve the goal of total tumor resection, with the majority requiring instrumentation. Long-term survival is feasible in a subset of patients with this aggressive surgical approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Hospital and Medical School, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sundaresan
authors.forename: V P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Sachdev
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Paciucci
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kelligher
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hough
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015174:Epidural Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009984:Orthopedic Fixation Devices; D011379:Prognosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate