title: Structure of the rat insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 gene.
abstract: A family of six distinct insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) have been isolated and their cDNA sequences characterized from rat and human species. Recently, the gene structures of the first three IGFBPs (IGFBP-1, -2 and -3) have also been determined. We now report the isolation of the rat IGFBP-4 gene and its genomic organization, as well as the DNA sequence of the promoter region. Rat IGFBP-4 gene spans at least 12 kilobases (kb) of the genomic sequence. It consists of four exons separated by three introns with approximate size of 6.4, 0.6 and 2.7 kb. A single transcriptional start site is located at 249 nucleotides upstream of the translational initiation ATG codon. The rat IGFBP-4 gene possesses a typical TATA box and a CAAT box, as well as multiple potential cis elements, including three cAMP responsive elements, three AP-1 binding sites and one progesterone receptor binding site in the 5' flanking region. The presence of these potential cis elements supports the tissue-specific expression of the IGFBP-4 gene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Whittier Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology, La Jolla, California 92037.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimasaki
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005796:Genes; D018974:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4; D007438:Introns; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018974:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D012333:RNA, Messenger