title: Conscious sedation in the pediatric emergency department.
abstract: Anxiety-provoking and painful emergency department procedures such as laceration repair are made more tolerable to the pediatric patient and easier for the practitioner through the judicious use of pharmacologic agents for conscious sedation and analgesia. Both the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Emergency Physicians have published documents that guide the physician in the use of these agents in the care of children. Most new information concerns the evaluation of new drugs for use in the pediatric emergency department, adverse effects of familiar products, and evaluation of sedative and analgesic antagonist medications that may increase a practitioner's control when conscious sedation is used. Large controlled trials of protocols and drugs are necessary to establish safe, appropriate standards for conscious sedation in the pediatric emergency department.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins Children's Center, Division of General Pediatrics, Baltimore, MD 21287-3144, USA.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Andrews
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000592:standards; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D005283:Fentanyl