title: Current progress in the development of the B subunits of cholera toxin and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin as carriers for the oral delivery of heterologous antigens and epitopes.
abstract: The development of non-living carrier systems for delivery of protective antigens or epitopes to the immune system represents both a fundamental and an applied aspect of vaccinology. A wide range of carrier systems, ranging from inert supports to proteins that exert direct immunomodulating effects on the immune response, are being studied. In this overview we describe the current progress in the development of the B-subunits of cholera toxin and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin as potential protein carriers for the oral delivery of chemically and genetically attached antigens and epitopes.
authors.affiliation: Biological Laboratory, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
authors.forename: T O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Nashar
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marcello
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Hirst
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D000941:Antigens / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D000939:Epitopes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains / Q000276:immunology; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014734:Vibrio cholerae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000941:Antigens; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004768:Enterotoxins; D000939:Epitopes; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014612:Vaccines; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D002772:Cholera Toxin; D006433:Hemocyanins; C027538:heat-labile enterotoxin, E coli; C032808:keyhole-limpet hemocyanin