title: Sequence-dependent antitumor activity of paclitaxel (taxol) and cisplatin in vivo.
abstract: The established antitumor efficacy of paclitaxel and cisplatin as single agents and their distinctly different mechanisms of action have prompted laboratory and clinical research into their use in combination. Our in vivo study was performed to investigate the importance of sequence of administration and inter-agent interval. C3Hf/Kam mice bearing OCa-I tumors received paclitaxel and cisplatin. The antitumor efficacy of the combination, measured as re-growth delay and expressed as the enhancement factor (EF), was determined for inter-agent intervals of 1, 9, 24, 48 and 72 hr. Morphometric analysis was used to determine the contribution of induced apoptosis. Our findings showed an additive effect when cisplatin preceded paclitaxel by 1 and 24 hr, producing EF of 1.1 and 1.0, respectively, and a greater than additive effect for 9 and 48 hr, producing EF of 1.3 and 1.8, respectively. This sequence, however, was associated with significant morbidity and mortality. When paclitaxel preceded cisplatin the effect was greater than additive with the EF for 1, 9 and 24 hr, being 1.2, 1.5 and 1.5, respectively, and increasing to a maximum of 1.9 at 48 hr. Thus, for this combination, the therapeutic ratio was improved when paclitaxel preceded cisplatin and was greatest when a 48 hr interval was allowed between drugs. We were unable to attribute the efficacy of the drug combination to increased induction of apoptosis and suggest other possible mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Radiotherapy, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer, Houston 77030, USA.
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Milross
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Milas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D017239:Paclitaxel; D002945:Cisplatin