Sepsis in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. The Madrid HIV Pediatric Infection Collaborative Study Group.
The aims of this retrospective study were to review the frequency and patterns of bacterial sepsis in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The charts of 233 human immunodeficiency virus-infected children cared for during a 10-year period in 4 tertiary hospitals in Madrid were reviewed. There were 43 episodes of sepsis in 31 (13%) children. Twenty of them had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, 10 were class PA2 and 1 was class P1B. The most common organisms recovered were: nontyphoidal Salmonella, 10 cases (23%); Streptococcus pneumoniae, 9 cases (21%); Staphylococcus epidermidis, 6 cases (14%); Escherichia coli, 5 cases (12%); Enterococcus faecalis, 4 cases (9%); Campylobacter jejuni, 2 cases (5%). In 28 episodes of bacteremia there were other sites of associated infection: pneumonia, 6 cases; urinary tract infection (UTI), 5 cases; gastrointestinal disease, 4 cases; catheter-related bacteremia, 12 cases. Eight patients had more than 1 episode of bacteremia. The rate of complications was high: 6 children had septic shock; and 2 of them developed disseminated intravascular coagulation. There was 1 death directly related to sepsis.
Ruiz-Contreras
J
J
Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Doce de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
Ramos
J T
JT
Hernández-Sampelayo
T
T
Gurbindo
M D
MD
Garcia de José
M
M
De Miguel
M J
MJ
Cilleruelo
M J
MJ
Mellado
M J
MJ
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents