title: Gunshot wounds of the temporal bone: a rational approach to evaluation and management.
abstract: Gunshot injuries of the temporal bone are uncommon but are being seen more frequently with the increasing incidence of violent crimes and use of firearms. A retrospective analysis of 43 consecutive patients treated at our institution with this injury was undertaken to determine the clinical symptoms, associated injuries, and treatment outcome. This is the largest series from a single institution treated by a single group during a brief period of time. Most of these patients had injury to various structures within and around the temporal bone, including hearing loss (29), intracranial injury (23), facial nerve injury (22), vascular injury (14), and mandible fracture (6). Ocular trauma and paralysis of cranial nerves V and IX, X, XI, and XII were rare occurrences. A rational approach to the evaluation and management of these injuries will be discussed in detail to optimize outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Shindo
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Fetterman
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Maceri
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Rice
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries; D002426:Cavernous Sinus / Q000293:injuries; D002648:Child; D020220:Facial Nerve Injuries; D005260:Female; D006311:Hearing Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008338:Mandibular Injuries / Q000209:etiology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000293:injuries; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000293:injuries*; D014711:Vertebral Artery / Q000293:injuries; D014948:Wounds, Gunshot / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*