title: IL-4, but not tumor necrosis factor-alpha, increases endothelial cell adhesiveness for lymphocytes by activating a cAMP-dependent pathway.
abstract: IL-4 and TNF-alpha increase endothelial cell adhesiveness for PBL by promoting the expression of adhesion molecules. We investigated the intracellular cAMP involvement in the increased endothelial cell adhesivity induced by IL-4 or TNF-alpha. We showed that both IL-4 and TNF-alpha increased intracellular cAMP in endothelial cells (EC). Furthermore, dibutyryl-cAMP and forskolin (which increased intracellular cAMP) increased basic EC adhesivity for PBL. The co-stimulation of EC with cAMP elevating agents and TNF-alpha, but not IL-4, resulted in an additive increase in EC adhesiveness. 2',5' dideoxyadenosine, an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase, decreased PBL adhesion to IL-4- but not TNF-alpha-treated EC. Similarly, HA1004, a protein kinase A inhibitor, totally reversed the IL-4 but not TNF-alpha effect on EC adhesiveness, whereas H7, a protein kinase C inhibitor, did not antagonise cytokine-enhanced EC adhesivity. These results indicate that IL-4, but not TNF-alpha, uses a cAMP-dependent pathway to increase PBL adhesion. Furthermore, we showed that cAMP elevation in EC did not induce vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, the only identified adhesion molecule induced by IL-4, indicating that a rise in cAMP in EC promotes an as yet unidentified adhesion pathway. Our results show that IL-4 increases EC adhesiveness for PBL through activation of protein kinase A by promoting an unidentified adhesion pathway.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tours, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galéa
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thibault
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lacord
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bardos
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lebranchu
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D015847:Interleukin-4; D000242:Cyclic AMP