title: Cryptic B cell determinant in a short peptide: T cells do not induce antibody response of B cells when their determinants entirely overlap each other.
abstract: A synthetic peptide fragment encompassing residues 21-40 (F21-40) of bovine beta-lactoglobulin was used as a model antigen to investigate the relationship between T and B cell determinants. The establishment of fine specificity for these determinants in F21-40 in BALB/c mice revealed that this short peptide contained two T cell determinants, Td1 (residues 21-32) and Td2 (28-40), and that Td2 entirely overlapped the dominant B cell determinant (Bd) of residues 28-40. A truncated peptide, F25-40, was capable of strongly restimulating F21-40-primed T cells in vitro, and its binding affinity to anti-F21-40 antibodies was the same as that of F21-40, indicating that F25-40 maintained the same antigenic structure as that of region 25-40 in F21-40. However, immunization with F25-40 could not elicit specific antibodies despite priming specific T cells. From these results, Bd in F25-40 can be regarded as a cryptic B cell determinant. The absence of antibody response to F25-40 was probably caused by the complete overlapping of Td2 and Bd. This overlapping may have caused the presentation of Td2 only by professional antigen-presenting cells, but never by Bd-specific B cells possessing the potential to be differentiated to antibody-producing cells by T cell help. These findings demonstrate that the co-existence of T and B cell determinants within a single molecule does not always assure specific antibody production, which depends upon the spatial relationship between these determinants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ametani
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Idota
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaminogawa
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002450:Cell Communication; D000939:Epitopes; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; D010446:Peptide Fragments