title: Antimutagenic activity of extracts of leaves of four common edible vegetable plants in Nigeria (west Africa).
abstract: Organic solvent extracts of leaves of 4 common edible vegetable plants--Bryophyllum pinnatum, Dialium guincense, Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina--had inhibitory activity for His- to His+ reverse-mutations induced by ethyl methanesulfonate acting on Salmonella typhimurium TA100. The concentrated ethyl acetate, methanol and petroleum ether extracts were heat-stable when dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. The Bryophyllum ethyl acetate extract was fractionated into alkaloidal/water-soluble, acids, polar lipid and non-polar lipid fractions. The polar and non-polar lipid fractions inhibited reversion mutations induced by ethyl methanesulfonate acting on TA100 or TA102, and were also active against reversions induced by 4-nitro-O-phenylenediamine and 2-aminofluorene in TA98. The alkaloidal/water-soluble and the acid fractions had no appreciable antimutagenic activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045.
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Obaseiki-Ebor
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Odukoya
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Telikepalli
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mitscher
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Shankel
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates; D000473:Alkanes; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005020:Ethyl Methanesulfonate / Q000633:toxicity; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000633:toxicity; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D000432:Methanol; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009549:Nigeria; D010655:Phenylenediamines / Q000633:toxicity; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D010945:Plants, Edible; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000473:Alkanes; D005449:Fluorenes; D010655:Phenylenediamines; D010936:Plant Extracts; C012177:2-aminofluorene; C012277:1,2-diamino-4-nitrobenzene; C007650:ethyl acetate; D005020:Ethyl Methanesulfonate; C004544:naphtha; D000432:Methanol