title: Imaging of leukocyte-endothelium interaction using in vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy during the early phase of experimental pneumococcal meningitis.
abstract: Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to investigate dynamic aspects of rhodamine 6G-labeled leukocytes in the pial microcirculation during the early phase of pneumococcal meningitis. Closed cranial windows were implanted into anesthetized rats without removing the dura mater. Leukocyte behavior was studied every hour after intracisternal (ic) injection. The number of adherent and extravasated leukocytes was determined during playback of videotaped images. Compared with results in controls, the number of adherent leukocytes increased significantly (P < .05) within 1 h after ic pneumococcal challenge, followed by a further increase up to 6 h after infection. In untreated infected rats, the number of extravasated leukocytes progressively increased from 3 to 6 h after infection. Leukocyte adherence to microvascular endothelium occurred in pial venules but not in arterioles. Dexamethasone pretreatment significantly (P < .05) attenuated leukocyte adherence and transendothelial passage of leukocytes.
authors.affiliation: Neurologische Klinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lorenzl
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Koedel
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dirnagl
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ruckdeschel
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Pfister
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007834:Lasers; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000187:drug effects; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D008586:Meningitis, Pneumococcal / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012235:Rhodamines; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012235:Rhodamines; C026188:rhodamine 6G; D003907:Dexamethasone