title: The human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) inhibitor 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA) is a strong inducer of differentiation of several tumor cell lines.
abstract: 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA) is the prototype compound of a series of acyclic nucleoside phosphonate derivatives endowed with potent and selective anti-retroviral activity in vitro and in vivo. We have now found that PMEA is also a potent inducer of differentiation of a number of tumor cells, including human erythroleukemia K562 cells, rat choriocarcinoma RCHO cells and human acute promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells. At 10 microM PMEA, rat RCHO cell cultures could be almost fully differentiated, and at 50 microM PMEA, approximately 50% of the K562 cells could be triggered to produce hemoglobin. The differentiating activity of butyric acid was at least partially additive to that of PMEA when both drugs were combined in K562 cell cultures. PMEA needs to be present for at least 2 or 3 days in the K562 cell cultures to achieve optimal differentiating activity. This suggests that either a PMEA metabolite and/or its anti-metabolic effects may be responsible for differentiation of the tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Catholic University, Louvain, Belgium.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balzarini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verstuyf
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hatse
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goebels
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sobis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vandeputte
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Clercq
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002822:Choriocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D063065:Organophosphonates; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; C053001:adefovir; D000225:Adenine