title: Effect of lodoxamide on in vitro and in vivo conjunctival immediate hypersensitivity responses in rats.
abstract: The antiallergic compound, lodoxamide, was evaluated for its abilities to attenuate a local allergic reaction in rat conjunctiva in vivo and to inhibit rat conjunctival mast cell mediator release in vitro. Topically applied lodoxamide (0.01, 0.10 and 1.0%, w/v) dose-dependently reduced the allergic response (23, 43 and 72%, respectively) in vivo. Lodoxamide was more effective than cromolyn sodium, N-acetyl aspartyl glutamic acid (Naaxia) and levocabastine, and 25 (7-200) times more potent than nedocromil sodium in direct comparisons. Addition of lodoxamide (10 micrograms/ml) to sensitized conjunctival tissue in vitro immediately prior to antigen challenge significantly reduced the amount of histamine released by the tissue. These data suggest that lodoxamide's in vivo anti-allergic activity in the conjunctiva is associated with its ability to prevent allergic mediator release from mast cells contained in this same tissue.
authors.affiliation: Allergy/Inflammation Research, Alcon Laboratories Inc., Fort Worth, Tex 76134-2099.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Yanni
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Weimer
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Glaser
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Spellman
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D003233:Conjunctivitis, Allergic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006633:Histamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects; D006969:Hypersensitivity, Immediate / Q000517:prevention & control*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D010072:Oxamic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D006633:Histamine Antagonists; D010072:Oxamic Acid; C021702:lodoxamide ethyl