Effects of initiation of 3'-azido,3'-deoxythymidine (zidovudine) treatment at different times after infection of rhesus monkeys with simian immunodeficiency virus.
The effects of initiating treatment with 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (zidovudine) at different times after inoculation of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) were investigated in rhesus monkeys. Zidovudine treatments of 100 mg/kg/day (25 mg/kg, subcutaneously every 6 h) were initiated 1, 8, 24, or 72 h after intravenous inoculation of 10 ID50 of SIV. Treatments continued for 28 days, and results were compared with those of saline-treated controls. Serum infectious virus titers 14 days after inoculation (AI) significantly decreased after treatment initiation 1, 8, or 24 h AI. Titers were correlated with the time treatment was initiated. Treatments initiated 1-72 h AI prevented the establishment of persistent SIV antigenemia; greater effects were observed with earlier initiation of treatment. Treatments initiated 1-8 h AI resulted in decreased levels of viral antigenemia 14 days AI and delayed decreases in CD4+CD29+ blood lymphocytes. Earlier treatment initiation resulted in delayed recurrence of antigenemia, with a tendency for longer survival. Early initiation of treatment may be important for limiting initial viral replication and dissemination in cases of known exposure.
Martin
L N
LN
Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana.
Murphey-Corb
M
M
Soike
K F
KF
Davison-Fairburn
B
B
Baskin
G B
GB
D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000097:blood; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006400:Hematocrit; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D019012:Integrin beta1; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus; D013997:Time Factors; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D015703:Antigens, CD; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D015415:Biomarkers; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D019012:Integrin beta1; D015215:Zidovudine