title: Recent developments on the regulation and structure of glutamine synthetase enzymes from selected bacterial groups.
abstract: The structure of glutamine synthetase (GS) enzymes from diverse bacterial groups fall into three distinct classes. GSI is the typical bacterial GS, GSII is similar to the eukaryotic GS and is found together with GSI in plant symbionts and Streptomyces, while GSIII has been found in two unrelated anaerobic rumen bacteria. In most cases, the structural gene for GS enzyme is regulated in response to nitrogen. However, different regulatory mechanisms, to ensure optimal utilization of nitrogen substrates, control the GS enzyme in each class.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Reid
mesh_terms: D000192:Actinomycetales / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D001407:Bacillus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D003013:Clostridium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015394:Molecular Structure; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012230:Rhizobiaceae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase