title: Inhibitors of nitric oxide synthetase prevent castor-oil-induced diarrhoea in the rat.
abstract: 1. Castor oil (2 ml orally) produced copious diarrhoea in rats 3 h after its administration. 2. Pretreatment (intraperitoneal, i.p.) of rats with the NO synthesis inhibitors NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 1-25 mg kg-1) and NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA, 2.5-100 mg kg-1) inhibited or prevented castor-oil-induced diarrhoea. L-Arginine (150-600 mg kg-1, i.p.) administered to rats pretreated with L-NAME 10 mg kg-1, drastically reduced the antidiarrhoeal activity of L-NAME in a dose-related manner. D-Arginine (900 mg kg-1) did not modify the protection by L-NAME. 3. Pretreatment (i.p.) of rats with L-NAME (2.5-25 mg kg-1) decreased the intestinal fluid accumulation and Na+ secretion induced by castor oil. L-Arginine (600 mg kg-1) but not D-arginine (900 mg kg-1) counteracted the inhibitory effect of L-NAME (10 mg kg-1). 4. L-NAME (10 and 25 mg kg-1) had no significant effect on the intestinal transit in normal rats or those given castor oil. 5. These results provide evidence that nitric oxide (NO) could play an important role in castor-oil-induced diarrhoea.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mascolo
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Izzo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barbato
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Capasso
mesh_terms: D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism; D002368:Castor Oil; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000378:metabolism; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D002368:Castor Oil; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester