An investigation of the role of Fusarium moniliforme in duodenitis/proximal jejunitis of horses.
Duodenitis/proximal jejunitis syndrome (DPJ) is a small intestinal disease of horses that is associated with depression and copious gastric reflux. Since an infectious cause for DPJ remains unsubstantiated, these studies were designed to investigate the possible role of Fusarium moniliforme toxins in this disease. Fusarium moniliforme was isolated by culturing 2 samples of feed that had been fed to horses with clinical signs of DPJ. These isolates (AU 2/3) were subsequently grown concurrently on autoclaved corn and their toxicity evaluated in a feeding trial utilizing horses. Isolates of F moniliforme known to be low and high producers (RRC 415 and MRC 826, respectively) of fumonisin B1 (FB1) were cultured individually on corn and each fed separately to other groups of horses. Control horses were fed autoclaved corn that was not inoculated with fungus. Production of FB1 by isolates RRC 415, MRC 826 and AU 2/3 were 19, 4360 and 1455 ppm, respectively. Each group contained 2 horses and the test diets were prepared by diluting culture material with sweet feed and clean corn. The test diets consisted of control corn that contained < 1 ppm FB1, RRC 415 diluted to < 1 ppm FB1, MRC 826 diluted to 200 ppm FB1, and AU 2/3 culture material diluted to contain 65 ppm FB1 on days 1-10 and 130 ppm on days 11-27. Horses fed either MRC 826 or AU 2/3 had elevated serum gamma-glutamyltransferase after 7 to 21 d exposure and elevated serum L-iditol dehydrogenase activity after 7 to 19 d exposure to test diets.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Schumacher
J
J
Department of Large Animal Surgery and Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA.
Mullen
J
J
Shelby
R
R
Lenz
S
S
Ruffin
D C
DC
Kemppainen
B W
BW
D000821:Animal Feed / Q000382:microbiology; D000818:Animals; D003503:Cyclobutanes / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D004382:Duodenitis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004751:Enteritis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D037341:Fumonisins; D005670:Fusarium; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006736:Horses; D007579:Jejunal Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D013107:Sphingolipids / Q000097:blood
D003503:Cyclobutanes; D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins; D013107:Sphingolipids; C008539:moniliformin; C056933:fumonisin B1