title: Functional characterization of liver-associated lymphocytes in patients with liver metastasis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The liver-associated lymphocytes (LAL) population is mainly composed of cells with natural killer (NK) activity expressing the CD3+/-CD56+ phenotype. No evident difference has been found in the phenotypic data between patients with benign or malignant liver disease. In this study, the cytotoxic pattern of this population has been characterized from patients who underwent an operation for benign or metastatic liver disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  LAL were isolated by sinusoidal high-pressure lavage from partial hepatectomies. Phenotype was characterized by flow cytometry, and cytotoxicity was evaluated by standard 4-hour 51Cr release assays against NK and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK)-sensitive targets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with benign liver disease, LAL showed spontaneous high levels of NK activity and LAK activity compared with peripheral blood lymphocytes. In patients with metastatic liver disease, no difference was observed in the levels of NK activity between LAL and peripheral blood, and the level of LAK activity was far lower than that expressed in patients with benign liver disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that the cytotoxic pattern of peripheral blood lymphocytes does not mirror that of LAL. In patients with benign liver disease, LAL are in a state of activation, whereas the decreased level of LAL cytotoxicity in patients with metastatic liver disease suggests that the cytotoxic activity of these cells could be inhibited by the presence of suppressive factors.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Interactions Cellulaires, Université de Bordeaux II, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Winnock
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garcia-Barcina
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huet
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saric
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bioulac-Sage
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gualde
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Balabaud
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000032:analysis; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000032:analysis; D019002:CD56 Antigen; D002860:Chromium Radioisotopes; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000556:secondary*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D017252:CD3 Complex; D019002:CD56 Antigen; D002860:Chromium Radioisotopes