title: Constitutive expression of human intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is regulated by differentially active enhancing and silencing elements.
abstract: While expression of intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1; CD54) is associated with chronic inflammation and autoimmune disease, and is also found on some tumours arising from ICAM-1-negative tissues, in apparently normal tissues it is restricted to a few cell types. Levels of constitutive ICAM-1 expression correlate with the levels of ICAM-1 mRNA. In order to identify regions of the gene regulating its constitutive expression, 5.8 kb of the 5' upstream region was studied in 16 human cell lines using transient transfection of reporter-gene constructs. Three enhancing and one silencing region were observed. While the enhancer upstream of position -1352 was active in all cells investigated, the inhibitory influence of a silencer region between positions -339 and -290 was observed only in 50% of the cells. All cells expressing low levels of ICAM-1, such as may occur in many tissues in vivo, lacked an active silencer. In contrast to the ICAM-1 low-expressing cells, cell lines with high constitutive ICAM-1 levels, as well as those with no ICAM-1 expression, showed an active silencer. Thus, ICAM-1 constitutive expression seems to be regulated in two different ways. The fact that silencer and enhancer activities were observed in both strongly positive and negative ICAM-1 cells, suggests that constitutive ICAM-1 expression is regulated by a balance of enhancing and silencing transcription factors and possible additional elements.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jahnke
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Van de Stolpe
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Caldenhoven
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1