title: Follicular fluid alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, and CA-125 levels in relation to in vitro fertilization and gonadotropin and steroid hormone concentrations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the possible role of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and CA-125 in the ovarian follicle.
  
  
  METHODS
  alpha-Fetoprotein, CEA, and CA-125 were measured in human follicular fluid (FF) and correlated to IVF outcome and gonadotropin and gonadal steroid hormones.
  
  
  METHODS
  The In Vitro Fertilization Program at Virgen de las Nieves Hospital, Granada, Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six FF from 12 infertile women with irreparable tubal damage who underwent treatment for ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate, hMG, and hCG.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laparoscopic follicular aspiration followed 48 hours later by ET.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum and FF AFP, CEA, and CA-125 levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  alpha-Fetoprotein, CEA, and CA-125 were detected in all samples of serum and FF. There were no significant differences between the serum and FF levels. Follicular fluid AFP, CEA, and CA-125 of fertilized oocytes were similar to those in the unfertilized oocytes group. There were no significant correlations between the FF AFP, CEA, and CA 125 levels and gonadotropin and gonadal steroid hormone levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  alpha-Fetoprotein, CEA, and CA-125 are present in FF after ovarian stimulation, but the mean intrafollicular levels do not differ significantly regardless of the outcome of oocyte IVF.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital General Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jimena
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Castilla
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Acebal
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Herruzo
mesh_terms: D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009865:Oocytes / Q000502:physiology; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D006062:Gonadotropins; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins