title: G2 subpopulation in rat liver induced into mitosis by low-level exposure to carbon tetrachloride: an adaptive response.
abstract: Recent findings by Mehendale (Med. Hypoth. 33, 289-299, 1990) indicate that prior exposure to chlordecone markedly enhances CCl4-induced lethality. It was established that chlordecone suppressed the capacity of CCl4-induced toxicity to cause an early (i.e., 6 hr after exposure) hepatocellular division which is believed to be a critical tissue response reducing subsequent CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. Despite the strong evidence presented by Mehendale, occurrence of such an early cellular division has been considered unlikely since most studies indicate that cellular replacement requires from 30-60 hr depending on the agent, dose, and animal species. This paper presents evidence that supports the observations of Mehendale and indicates that the early mitoses were most likely caused by the activation of hepatocytes arrested in the G2 phase of the cell cycle that became activated by CCl4 treatment, induced injury, or both. The concept being put forward here requires additional experimental verification and validation.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Calabrese
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Baldwin
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Mehendale
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D007631:Chlordecone / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D016195:G2 Phase / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D007631:Chlordecone