title: Requirement for both H and L chain V regions, VH and VK joining amino acids, and the unique H chain D region for the high affinity binding of an anti-phosphotyrosine antibody.
abstract: Sequence analysis of a panel of antibodies to phosphotyrosine revealed predominant H and L chain V regions in the immune response and a unique D segment in the Py20 mAb, which exhibits a high affinity for phosphotyrosine. In order to determine the influence of somatic diversity on the high affinity binding of Py20, H and L chain V regions were expressed in Escherichia coli as an Fv dimer. Whereas the H or L chain V regions of Py20 alone were unable to bind phosphotyrosine, the Fv binds phosphotyrosine with an affinity comparable with the intact IgG as determined by fluorescence quenching experiments (1.55 x 10(-7) M vs 1.25 x 10(-7) M, respectively). Substitution of the Py20 V regions with other IgG V regions that differed greatly in sequence abolished binding. A high affinity Py20-combining site was dependent on the presence of the unique D-D segment. Replacement of the Py20 D-D region with a single homologous D region resulted in a decrease in affinity (5.9 x 10(-7) M). Substitution of this D-D region for the D region of another anti-phosphotyrosine antibody that is known to bind phosphotyrosine weakly (1 x 10(-3) M) conferred high affinity binding. Removal of three tyrosines from the first of the two D regions was accompanied by a fivefold reduction in affinity for phosphotyrosine. In addition, changing the VK and VH junctional amino acids resulted in a complete loss of binding. Therefore, the formation of the high affinity Py20 combining site requires both a H and L chain that are similar in sequence to those of Py20 including the unique D region and the junctional amino acids.
authors.affiliation: Lucille P. Markey Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington 40536-0084.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruff-Jamison
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Glenney
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D001666:Binding Sites, Antibody; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019000:Phosphotyrosine; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D019000:Phosphotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine