title: Phasic exercises for cervical rehabilitation after "whiplash" trauma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether "phasic" exercises, including rapid eye-head-neck-arm movements, can benefit patients with chronic cervical injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, controlled, double blind study involving 30 chronic patients, who were allocated to either group 1 or group 2. The study period was for 8 wk.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted in a private practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty chronic motor vehicle accident patients who continued to experience increased pain/soreness/stiffness of the cervical musculature with sports/activities requiring rapid head neck movements were selected for the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group 1 patients (n = 15) had standard exercises (stretching/isometric/isokinetic) and chiropractic therapy. Group 2 patients (n = 15) had "phasic" exercises and chiropractic therapy. Patients in both groups exercised for a minimum of four times weekly, for 8 wk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pre and Post Pain and Disability Index was administered to both groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group 1, which had standard exercises and chiropractic therapy, improved by 7.4% (p > .05). Group 2, which had "phasic" exercises and chiropractic therapy, improved by 48.3% (p > .001). Confounders were identified, which explains the minimal improvement of group 1 and the remarkable results of group 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It would appear that any rehabilitation program for chronic neck-injured patients should involve exercises that address the following: eye-head-neck-arm coordinated movements, coordination of the entire vertebral column,/ and return the "phasic" component of the musculature to functional levels. Additional studies will address the effect of these exercises on the strength, range of motion and pain improvement of the cervical spine in normal, acute and chronic patients.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fitz-Ritson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002684:Chiropractic / Q000379:methods*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014911:Whiplash Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*