title: Technical elements of successful laparoscopic cholangiography as defined by radiographic criteria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define the elements of successful laparoscopic cholangiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of 130 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic cholangiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community hospital with a surgical residency.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-four males and 96 females, aged 16 to 86 years, with acute and chronic cholecystitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laparoscopic cholecystectomy during intraoperative cholangiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cholangiogram that satisfactorily delineates biliary anatomy as defined by accepted radiologic criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A successful laparoscopic cholangiogram was obtained in 98.5% of the study group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A safe and reliable technique to obtain a laparoscopic cholangiogram is described and validated using accepted radiologic criteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Morristown Memorial Hospital, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Willekes
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Edoga
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Castronuovo
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Widmann
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Chevinsky
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002758:Cholangiography / Q000379:methods*; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011871:Radiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies