title: A Gaussian method to improve work-of-breathing calculations.
abstract: The work of breathing is a calculated index of pulmonary function in ventilated patients that may be useful in deciding when to wean and when to extubate. However, the accuracy of the calculated work of breathing of the patient (WOBp) can suffer from artifacts introduced by coughing, swallowing, and other non-breathing maneuvers. The WOBp in this case will include not only the usual work of inspiration, but also the work of performing these non-breathing maneuvers. The authors developed a method to objectively eliminate the calculated work of these movements from the work of breathing, based on fitting to a Gaussian curve the variable P, which is obtained from the difference between the esophageal pressure change and the airway pressure change during each breath. In spontaneously breathing adults the normal breaths fit the Gaussian curve, while breaths that contain non-breathing maneuvers do not. In this Gaussian breath-elimination method (GM), breaths that are two standard deviations from that mean obtained by the fit are eliminated. For normally breathing control adult subjects, GM had little effect on WOBp, reducing it from 0.49 to 0.47 J/L (n = 8), while there was a 40% reduction in the coefficient of variation. Non-breathing maneuvers were simulated by coughing, which increased WOBp to 0.88 (n = 6); with the GM correction, WOBp was 0.50 J/L, a value not significantly different from that of normal breathing. Occlusion also increased WOBp to 0.60 J/L, but GM-corrected WOBp was 0.51 J/L, a normal value. As predicted, doubling the respiratory rate did not change the WOBp before or after the GM correction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, USA.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Petrini
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wall
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Norman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003371:Cough / Q000503:physiopathology; D003625:Data Collection; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008432:Mathematical Computing; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D016011:Normal Distribution; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012984:Software; D014939:Work of Breathing / Q000502:physiology*