title: Effects of combined treatment with glycopyrrolate and albuterol in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the addition of a single aerosolized dose of glycopyrrolate leads to a greater improvement in pulmonary function than treatment with albuterol alone for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, blinded, controlled study. Fifty-seven patients with acute exacerbation of COPD were entered into the study. All patients received three aerosol treatments. Patients were randomized to receive 2 mg aerosolized glycopyrrolate (combination therapy group) or aerosolized placebo in addition to their first 2.5-mg albuterol aerosol treatment. All patients received 2.5 mg of aerosolized albuterol alone for the next two treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urban teaching hospital emergency department.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no difference in pretreatment 1-second fractional expired volume (FEV1) between the control and glycopyrrolate groups. There was no significant difference in the absolute value of the FEV1 at 1 hour or at 3 hours between the two groups; however, patients who received combination therapy had a greater percent increase from the pretreatment value of FEV1 (56%) as measured in milliliters than did control patients (19%; P = .008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of glycopyrrolate and albuterol produces a greater improvement in FEV1 than does albuterol alone in the treatment of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Cydulka
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Emerman
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000336:Aerosols; D000368:Aged; D000420:Albuterol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D006024:Glycopyrrolate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000420:Albuterol; D006024:Glycopyrrolate