Effects of picotamide, an antithromboxane agent, on carotid atherosclerotic evolution. A two-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in diabetic patients.
OBJECTIVE
We assessed the effects of long-term treatment with picotamide, an antiplatelet agent with dual antithromboxane activity, on the evolution of early asymptomatic carotid atherosclerotic lesions in diabetic patients.


METHODS
In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-year study, 50 type II normotensive diabetic patients (35 men; mean age, 66 +/- 5 years) with asymptomatic mild or moderate nonstenotic (< 50%) carotid atherosclerotic lesions and negative history of cerebrovascular ischemic events were enrolled and randomly given picotamide (300 mg TID) or the corresponding placebo. A high-resolution, real-time B-scan echographic assessment of carotid arteries was performed at baseline and after 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of double-blind treatment. Prevalence and evolutionary trends of carotid atherosclerotic lesions (number per patient and mean stenosis expressed as percent) were considered as efficacy primary end points.


RESULTS
At baseline, mean +/- SD numbers of carotid atherosclerotic lesions per patient were 2.7 +/- 1.8 and 2.2 +/- 1.2 in the picotamide and placebo groups, respectively. Mean +/- SD percent stenosis was 25.3 +/- 7% in the picotamide group and 27.3 +/- 6% in the placebo group. Forty-nine patients completed the study. At month 24, the placebo group (n = 24) showed a significant progression in number of carotid atherosclerotic lesions (3.04 +/- 1.8; P < .02 versus baseline) and in mean percent stenosis (35 +/- 17%; 95% confidence interval, 33% to 37%; P < .01 versus baseline). In the picotamide group (n = 25), mean number of carotid atherosclerotic lesions (2.7 +/- 1.6) and percent stenosis (26 +/- 9%; 95% confidence interval, 24.8% to 27.2%) remained unchanged. At month 24, compared with randomized placebo, lesion numbers (P < .03) and percent stenosis (P < .01) in the picotamide group were significantly lower. During the study, 12 patients experienced major or minor ischemic vascular events (9 in the placebo group and 3 in the picotamide group; P = .07).


CONCLUSIONS
In diabetic patients compared with patients receiving placebo, long-term treatment with picotamide can slow the evolution of early carotid atherosclerotic lesions, inhibiting progression of plaque number and growth.
Cocozza
M
M
IV Division of Internal Medicine, University of Naples, Italy.
Picano
T
T
Oliviero
U
U
Russo
N
N
Coto
V
V
Milani
M
M
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013931:Thromboxanes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014463:Ultrasonography
D010795:Phthalic Acids; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D013931:Thromboxanes; C011581:picotamide