title: Simultaneous analysis of diphenylmethoxyacetic acid, a metabolite of diphenhydramine, and its deuterium-labeled stable isotope analog in ovine plasma and urine.
abstract: Diphenylmethoxyacetic acid (DPMA) is a major metabolite of diphenhydramine in monkeys, dogs, and humans. The metabolic fate of diphenhydramine (DPHM) in sheep is not yet well understood; however, preliminary studies have demonstrated the presence of DPMA in the plasma and urine of sheep following an intravenous bolus of DPHM. Our current studies employ the simultaneous intravenous co-administration of DPHM and the stable isotope analog of DPHM to investigate the pharmacokinetics of DPHM in sheep. In these studies, in order to investigate the pharmacokinetics of the DPMA metabolite, measurement of both unlabeled and stable-isotope labeled DPMA is required. Thus, a stable isotope analog of DPMA ([2H10]DPMA) was synthesized, characterized, and purified for use as an analytical standard. The quantitative method for the gas chromatography-electron-impact mass spectrometry (GC-EI-MS) analysis of DPMA and [2H10]DPMA used a single step liquid-liquid extraction procedure using toluene for sample cleanup. The samples were derivatized with N-methyl-N-(tert.-butyldimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide. A 1.0-microliter aliquot of the prepared sample was injected into the GC-MS system and quantitated using selected-ion monitoring (SIM). One ion was monitored for each compound, namely, m/z 165 for the internal standard diphenylacetic acid, m/z 183 for DPMA, and m/z 177 for [2H10]DPMA. The ion chromatograms were free from chromatographic peaks co-eluting with the compound of interest. The calibration curve was linear from 2.5 ng/ml (limit of quantitation) to 250.0 ng/ml in both urine and plasma. The intra-day and inter-day variabilities of this assay method were within acceptable limits (below 20% at the limit of quantitation and below 10% at all other concentrations). This method was used to measure the concentration of DPMA and [2H10]DPMA in plasma and urine samples from a ewe in which equimolar amounts of DPHM and [2H10]DPHM were administered by an intravenous bolus dose via the femoral vein. DPMA appeared to persist longer in the plasma and the urine as compared to DPHM. This method is robust and reliable for the quantitation of DPMA and [2H10]DPMA in biological samples obtained from sheep (e.g. plasma and urine).
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Tonn
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Rurak
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Axelson
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000652:urine*; D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000652:urine*; D002138:Calibration; D003903:Deuterium; D004355:Drug Stability; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012756:Sheep / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; C092923:diphenylmethoxyacetic acid; D003903:Deuterium