title: Induction of epidermal hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, and papillomas in transgenic mice by a targeted v-Ha-ras oncogene.
abstract: The regulatory elements of the human keratin K1 gene have been used to target expression of the v-Ha-ras oncogene exclusively in the epidermis of transgenic mice. We developed 12 transgenic mouse lines that express the HK1.ras transgene, producing epidermal hyperplasia in neonates and hyperkeratosis in juveniles. Eventually this skin phenotype diminished but with time adult animals developed papillomas that could persist or regress. The rate and frequency of tumorigenesis appeared to be limited, which suggests that v-Ha-ras requires a second or even third event to elicit and maintain a benign phenotype in transgenic mice. Since in certain transgenic lines papillomas appeared at wound sites, it appears that the promotion stimulus from wounding may be a second event. We envision that such transgenic mice that express v-Ha-ras in the epidermis will become a powerful model for assessing how environmental and molecular factors affect the process of multistage skin carcinogenesis in vivo, as well as a model for evaluating novel therapeutic protocols.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Greenhalgh
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rothnagel
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Quintanilla
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Orengo
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Gagne
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Bundman
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Longley
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Roop
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D010582:Bacteriophage lambda; D001483:Base Sequence; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D015870:Gene Expression; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D011905:Genes, ras; D005821:Genetic Techniques; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics; D007633:Keratins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D007642:Keratosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010212:Papilloma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D007633:Keratins