title: A novel role for GM-CSF: enhancement of pregnancy specific interferon production, ovine trophoblast protein-1.
abstract: Transient and massive production of ovine trophoblast protein-1 (oTP-1) by preimplantation conceptuses seems to be a critical event required for the establishment of successful pregnancy. We have previously demonstrated that one of several oTP-1 genes is predominantly expressed between days 13 and 20 of pregnancy and that this oTP-1 gene contains an AP-1 site, a transcription enhancer element, in the 5'-flanking region. We have obtained evidence, indicating a linkage between cytokine granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and conceptus production of the trophoblast interferon (IFN), oTP-1. These are: 1) oTP-1 production (both polypeptide and mRNA) is enhanced by the addition of GM-CSF in vitro and 2) GM-CSF mRNA is localized in the luminal and glandular epithelium of the uterine endometrium. Based on these observations, we propose that the massive amounts of oTP-1 produced during the period of pregnancy establishment is stimulated at least in part by maternal GM-CSF.
authors.affiliation: Women's Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita 67214.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imakawa
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Helmer
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Nephew
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Meka
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Christenson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007370:Interferon Type I; D007372:Interferons / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007370:Interferon Type I; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C020947:interferon tau; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D007372:Interferons