title: Liposomes, an interesting tool to deliver a bioenergetic substrate (ATP). in vitro and in vivo studies.
abstract: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was proposed in various medical applications, as a possible bioenergetic substrate. Unfortunately, ATP is very difficult to use at a therapeutic level because of its high sensitivity to enzymatic hydrolysis making this molecule unstable in biological fluids. ATP is also a highly hydrophilic molecule that is unable to cross biological membranes. To try to develop a system able to protect ATP against degradation and to efficiently deliver this bioenergetic substrate, its liposomal encapsulation in multilamellar vesicles was carried out. One of the studies described in this paper deals with the efficiency of liposomal ATP in the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Our results show that encapsulation was able to protect ATP from its degradation by ectonucleotidases and that liposomal ATP was active against experimental brain ischemia. The other study deals with the effect of ATP on the motility and the acrosomal reaction of human spermatozoa. The results show that co-incubating ATP-loaded liposomes with sperm cells was able to induce the process of capacitation in vitro and might therefore be a useful tool in the procedure of in vitro fertilization.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie, Pharmacotechnie, Biopharmacie, URA CNRS 1218, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Puisieux
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fattal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lahiani
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Auger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jouannet
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Couvreur
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delattre
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D004337:Drug Carriers; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D008081:Liposomes; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate