title: An endocrine-specific element is an integral component of an exocrine-specific pancreatic enhancer.
abstract: We have analyzed the function of individual elements of the elastase I transcriptional enhancer in transgenic animals. This pancreas-specific enhancer comprises three functional elements, one of which (the B element) plays a dual role. Within the context of the enhancer, the B element contributes to appropriate acinar cell expression. However, when separated from the other enhancer components, the B element selectively directs transcription in islet cells of transgenic animals. This islet-specific activity is normally suppressed by an upstream repressor domain. The B element binds a novel islet-specific factor, and similar B-like elements are present in other pancreatic genes, both exocrine and endocrine specific. We suggest that a principal role of this transcriptional element and its associated factors is to activate many pancreatic genes as part of the program of pancreatic determination prior to the divergence of the acinar and islet cell lineages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9038.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kruse
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Swift
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hammer
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: MacDonald
mesh_terms: D000681:Amylases / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D005809:Genes, Regulator / Q000502:physiology; D005934:Glucagon / Q000235:genetics; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007328:Insulin / Q000235:genetics; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010179:Pancreas / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D013004:Somatostatin; D013006:Growth Hormone; D005934:Glucagon; D000681:Amylases; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase