title: [Myeloma cells and cytokines].
abstract: A number of environmental cells in the bone marrow (BM) of multiple myeloma (MM) has been reported to be activated. Evidence is growing that many cytokines, namely IL-6, IL-1 beta, TNF and GM-CSF, are detected in the BM of MM. Tumor environment may support, not only MM cell proliferation, but also bone resorption. In addition, immuno-regulatory cells, both CD8+T cells and NK cells, are also activated. High serum IL-2 levels are indicated. Recently, we detected numerous CD5+NK cells, which may be activated, in the peripheral blood and the BM of MM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Showa University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishiyama
mesh_terms: D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines