title: A new three-dimensional culture of human keratinocytes: optimization of differentiation.
abstract: Many attempts have been made to obtain reconstructed human epidermis comprised of keratinocytes and extracellular-matrix constituents (essentially collagen) in the presence or absence of fibroblasts. A simple model of cultured human keratinocytes, grown at the air-liquid interface of a noncoated artificial membrane, has been developed. This culture system offers many advantages: easy control of environmental factors and routine examination using optical or electronic microscopy, immunohistochemistry and indirect immunofluorescence techniques. This model enables the analysis of well-known differentiation markers and also integrins, a family of cell-surface molecules involved in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, whose receptors are expressed on all basal keratinocytes. In our culture system, the expression of the different integrin subunits (alpha 2, alpha 3, alpha 5, alpha 6, beta 1) was studied as a function of the differentiation state in two different media (K-SFM or DMEM/Ham's F12) supplemented with 5% fetal calf serum and adjusted to 1.5 mmol/L calcium. The most significant data are the preponderant expression of the alpha 2 and alpha 3 subunits in the basal and suprabasal layers, with membrane expression differing according to the culture medium; terminal differentiation was obtained in DMEM/Ham's F12. The use of membrane inserts represents a significant technological advance in culturing keratinocytes and is an easy-to-handle and valid model for determining the influence of physiological or pharmacological factors on cell proliferation or differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Reconnaissance Cellulaire, INSERM U 180, UFR Biomédicale des Saints-Pères, Paris, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Font
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Braut-Boucher
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pichon
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Noel-Hudson
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Muriel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonnet
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wepierre
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aubery
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D016023:Integrins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D012867:Skin / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D016023:Integrins; D008567:Membranes, Artificial