Blood neutrophil increment after a single injection of rhG-CSF or rhGM-CSF correlates with marrow cellularity and may predict the grade of neutropenia after chemotherapy.
The grade of neutropenia after chemotherapy seems to be correlated to the bone marrow cellularity as judged by biopsies. Prolonged blood neutropenia after sequential chemotherapy reduces dose intensity and increases the risk of severe infections. A predictive non-invasive test for marrow cellularity is needed in the attempt to predict chemotherapy-induced blood neutropenia. Thirty-one patients with haematological disorders were studied with measurements of blood absolute neutrophil counts (ANC) 24 h after a single subcutaneous injection of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) or granulocyte-macrophage CSF (rhGM-CSF). Before cytokine administration all patients had bone marrow biopsies performed. The median increase in blood ANC 24 h after cytokine administration was 15.9 x 10(9)/l (range 3.7-34.2) in 18 patients with normo- or hypercellular marrows and only 0.4 x 10(9)/l (range 0.0-11.2) in 13 patients with hypocellular marrows (P < 0.00001). An increase in ANC or more than 5 x 10(9)/l was predictive for normo- or hypercellular bone marrows with a sensitivity and specificity of 94% and 84%, respectively. A subsequent pilot study in selected patients with prolonged neutropenia was performed. The ANC increment in 12 cases before chemotherapy correlated to the grade of neutropenia and may predict the risk of febrile neutropenia. It is suggested that blood responsiveness to myeloid growth factors correlates with marrow cellularity and may identify outpatients with risk for severe neutropenia after cyclic chemotherapy.
Hansen
P B
PB
Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology L, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Johnsen
H E
HE
Ralfkiaer
E
E
Hansen
N E
NE
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000187:drug effects; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012307:Risk Factors
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor