title: PCR amplification of DNA from stained cytological smears.
abstract: DNA from archival Papanicolaou stained smears was successfully amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to see if it could be used for retrospective genome studies such as detection of the presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) and changes in p53 gene expression. DNA was isolated and purified by treatment with proteinase K, phenol/chloroform, and isoamyl alcohol. Segments of the human beta actin and TGF beta 1 gene were amplified by PCR. Of all stains used in the preparation of Papanicolaou smears, only eosin was detectable as a greenish band in ethidium bromide treated DNA gels under ultraviolet illumination.
authors.affiliation: Ruder Bosković Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gall
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pavicić
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pavelić
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Audy-Jurković
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pavelić
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics; D014626:Vaginal Smears
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D004247:DNA