title: Ethanol inhibits cadmium accumulation in brains of offspring of pregnant rats that consume cadmium.
abstract: The present study was designed to test the effect of ethanol on cadmium accumulation in tissues of pregnant rats and their offspring. Starting 10 days before mating and continuing until parturition, ethanol (10% v/v) was present in the drinking water of half the rats. Cadmium chloride (CdCl2; 50 ppm) was present in the water of half the rats (+/- ethanol) from the fist day after mating until parturition. On the day of parturition cadmium accumulated to a moderate level in bone (7.3 micrograms/g tissue, wet weight; this and other values, P < 0.05 vs. control), liver (12.9 micrograms/g) and kidney (13.0 micrograms/g) of dams, while the brain had only a low level of cadmium (0.45 microgram/g). In offspring at 6 weeks cadmium accumulated in high amounts in the brain (34.0 micrograms/g), bone (15.9 micrograms), kidney (78.2 micrograms/g) and particularly the liver (227.3 micrograms/g). Ethanol, given simultaneously with cadmium, inhibited cadmium accumulation in brain (1.8 micrograms/g), bone (3.28 micrograms/g) and kidney (61.3 micrograms/g), but enhanced cadmium accumulation in liver (408.7 micrograms/g). At 12 weeks there were only residual levels of cadmium in all tissues of offspring. These findings demonstrate an interaction between 2 known teratogenic agents, with ethanol conferring protection of the brain from cadmium accumulation. The nature of this interaction is not known, but is likely to be related to ethanol induction of metallothionein in the liver and placenta.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Silesian Academy of Medicine, Zabrze, Poland.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brus
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kostrzewa
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Felińska
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Plech
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Szkilnik
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frydrych
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D008098:Litter Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000378:metabolism*; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D000431:Ethanol