title: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) with or without a quinolone in the prevention of infection in cancer patients.
abstract: 59 patients who had earlier developed an infection following antineoplastic chemotherapy were randomised to receive either granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) alone or G-CSF+quinolone as prophylaxis during subsequent identical chemotherapy courses. 30 patients received 48 courses of G+CSF, while 29 patients received 44 courses of G-CSF+ofloxacin or ciprofloxacin. The overall infection rate was 23%. Patients with WHO grade IV leukopenia at the onset of prophylactic treatment developed infection in 61% of cases when on G-CSF, but only in 22% when on G-CSF+quinolone (P = 0.002). Patients with initial leukopenia of grade WHO III-I had only a 11% infection rate showing no significant difference between the treatment groups. The median duration of leukopenia < 1 x 10(9)/l was 4 days for patients receiving G-CSF alone and 3.5 days for those receiving additional quinolone. Patients developing infection had grade IV leukopenia for a median of 5 days. Both prophylactic treatments were well tolerated. We conclude that when prophylactic G-CSF is initiated at WHO grade IV leukopenia, addition of an oral quinolone reduces the risk of infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Maiche
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muhonen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin