title: Detection of serum hepatitis C virus RNA in HCV antibody-seropositive volunteer blood donors.
abstract: Approximately 90% of subjects with chronic hepatitis resulting from hepatitis C virus infection have hepatitis C virus RNA in serum. However, the prevalence of hepatitis C virus RNA in serum from subjects with hepatitis C virus antibody associated with persistent normal liver biochemical values is unclear. Do these subjects have resolved or continuing infection with hepatitis C virus? The aim of this study was to examine whether subjects with hepatitis C virus antibody but normal ALT levels had evidence of ongoing infection. Our study population was divided into four groups. Groups 1, 2 and 3 comprised hepatitis C virus antibody-positive volunteer blood donors. Group 1 was made up of subjects found to be hepatitis C virus antibody-positive on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with persistent abnormal ALT levels (59 donors: 53 positive on recombinant immunoblot assay and 6 indeterminate). Group 2 members were hepatitis C virus antibody positive, with persistent normal ALT levels (50 donors: 39 positive on recombinant immunoblot assay and 11 indeterminate). Group 3 members were hepatitis C virus seropositive but negative on second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay (n = 48). Twenty patients (not blood donors) with chronic liver disease who were anti-hepatitis C virus seronegative were used as controls (group 4). Serum samples from all four groups were assayed for hepatitis C virus RNA on reverse transcription and a 40-cycle polymerase chain reaction with a combination of primers from the highly conserved 5'-noncoding and less-conserved third and fourth nonstructural regions. All assays were confirmed on hybridization with an internal probe.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: A.W. Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: McGuinness
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bishop
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lien
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wiley
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: McCaughan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001483:Base Sequence; D001782:Blood Donors; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D016679:Genome, Viral; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D000410:Alanine Transaminase