title: Polysaccharides in Fungi. XXXIV. A polysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of Amanita muscaria and the antitumor activity of its carboxymethylated product.
abstract: A water-insoluble, alkali-soluble, glucan (AM-APP), [alpha]D +160 degrees in 0.4 M NaOH, was isolated from the alkaline extract of the fruiting bodies of Amanita muscaria. The results of chemical and spectroscopic investigations indicate that AM-APP is a linear (1 --> 3)-alpha-D-glucan with a molecular weigh estimated by gel chromatography of about 42000. Its carboxymethylated product (AM-APP-CM) showed potent antitumor activity against sarcoma 180 in mice, although the native polysaccharide (AM-APP) had little effect. The distribution of carboxymethyl groups in the molecule was analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The degree of substitution of carboxymethyl groups was 0.95 and the substituents were located at O-2, at O-4, at O-6, at O-2 and O-6, and at O-4 and O-6 on glucose.
authors.affiliation: Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kiho
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katsuragawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakushima
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ukai
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000737:chemistry; D000545:Amanita / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008745:Methylation; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D012510:Sarcoma 180 / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011134:Polysaccharides; C006972:chloroacetic acid