title: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) staining of reactive and neoplastic follicles. ICAM-1 expression of neoplastic follicle differs from that of reactive germinal center and is independent of follicular dendritic cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is expressed on follicular dendritic cells (FDC), and the ICAM-1/LFA-1 pathway is essential for affinity selection of activated B-cells in germinal centers (GC). The expression of ICAM-1 has been studied by immunostaining methods in GC, but not in neoplastic follicles (NF).
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors studied the expression of ICAM-1 by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method with frozen sections in GC of reactive nodes (n = 22) and NF of follicular lymphomas (n = 19), in comparison with FDC staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GC stained uniformly for ICAM-1, with staining intensity varying little from node to node, and follicular borders were well demarcated from the surroundings. Endothelial cells within GC did not stain whereas those outside stained strongly. In contrast, NF stained variably from tumor to tumor, and in any given tumor. Characteristically, follicular borders were not demarcated, and stained areas were difficult to define due to the lack of demarcation, with the exception of large cell type with diffuse areas (n = 2). Endothelium of intrafollicular vessels stained prominently (12 of 19), and appeared to contribute to the staining intensity of the follicles. FDC staining revealed a meshwork pattern in GC which was similar to that of ICAM-1. The FDC mesh-work pattern was present in 15 tumors. The pattern was remarkably uniform with sharply defined borders, which contrasted starkly to the variable staining and lack of follicular borders in the ICAM-1 stain of the same tumors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The staining pattern of follicles for ICAM-1 was similar to that for FDC in reactive nodes, but distinct from the latter in follicular lymphomas. An appropriate expression of ICAM-1 appears to be essential for normal GC, as the alteration of the expression coincides with the malignant transformation of GC. The altered expression of ICAM-1 may be useful in distinguishing NF from reactive GC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY 10003.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ree
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elsakr
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liau
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Teplitz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000032:analysis*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008224:Lymphoma, Follicular / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1