title: Analysis of fra-2 gene expression.
abstract: We have analyzed the transcriptional regulation of the fra-2 gene in chicken embryo fibroblasts. Like c-fos, fra-2 was inducible by phorbol ester, cAMP and calcium ionophore, as well as serum. In all three cases, the induction of two species of fra-2 transcript (5.7 kb and 6.8 kb) was delayed and prolonged compared with that of c-fos mRNA. The size difference between the two transcripts was attributable to the heterogeneity of the 3'-end, probably reflecting utilization of different polyadenylation sites. The major transcriptional start point is located at 30 bp downstream of a TATA-like sequence. In the fra-2 promoter region, which is located in a typical CpG island, enhancer consensus sequences such as SCM, SRE, GC boxes and CRE-like sequences were detected upstream of the TATA-like sequence in the same order as that in the 5'-upstream region of the chicken c-fos gene. Fibroblast transfection studies with a series of promoter deletion constructs positioned upstream of bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase indicated, however, that SRE-like sequence is not the sole responsible element for the serum induction, and that a minimal fragment containing no SRE-like sequence is sufficient for this induction. Two typical AP-1 sequences are located between the major transcriptional initiation site and the coding sequence, and the binding activity of protein complexes to these sequences was induced by serum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tumor Virus Research, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishina
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iba
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D015226:Dinucleoside Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D051921:Fos-Related Antigen-2; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D016762:Genes, fos; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D016385:TATA Box; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; D000001:Calcimycin; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase; D002772:Cholera Toxin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D015226:Dinucleoside Phosphates; D051921:Fos-Related Antigen-2; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D014157:Transcription Factors; C015772:CpG dinucleotide