title: Primers for mitochondrial DNA replication generated by endonuclease G.
abstract: Endonuclease G (Endo G) is widely distributed among animals and cleaves DNA at double-stranded (dG)n.(dC)n and at single-stranded (dC)n tracts. Endo G is synthesized as a propeptide with an amino-terminal presequence that targets the nuclease to mitochondria. Endo G can also be detected in extranucleolar chromatin. In addition to deoxyribonuclease activities, Endo G also has ribonuclease (RNase) and RNase H activities and specifically cleaves mouse mitochondrial RNA and DNA-RNA substrates containing the origin of heavy-strand DNA replication (OH). The cleavage sites match those found in vivo, indicating that Endo G is capable of generating the RNA primers required by DNA polymerase gamma to initiate replication of mitochondrial DNA.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Center, Medical School of Laval University, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Côté
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Carrillo
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000201:enzymology; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004261:DNA Replication; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000378:metabolism*; D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077278:RNA, Mitochondrial; D016914:Ribonuclease H / Q000378:metabolism; D012260:Ribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; C034477:RNA primers; D000077278:RNA, Mitochondrial; D012313:RNA; D004247:DNA; D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases; D012260:Ribonucleases; C052391:endonuclease G; D016914:Ribonuclease H