title: Effect of composting poultry carcasses on survival of exotic avian viruses: highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus and adenovirus of egg drop syndrome-76.
abstract: Eight-week-old chickens were inoculated with one of two exotic viruses to determine the effect of composting on virus survival. Group 1 chickens were inoculated with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus via the caudal thoracic air sac. Group 2 chickens were inoculated with the adenovirus that causes egg drop syndrome-76 (EDS-76) by the oral route. Five days after inoculation, lung, trachea, and air sacs for HPAI and spleen, cecal tonsils, and bursa of Fabricius for EDS-76 were collected and composted with poultry carcasses. At the end of the first 10 days of composting, virus-isolation efforts showed that the HPAI virus had been inactivated, and only 1 of 20 tissue samples yielded the adenovirus of EDS-76. The viruses of HPAI and EDS-76 were completely inactivated at the end of the second 10-day period of the two-stage composting process. Control tissues collected at necropsy and frozen at -70 C for virus isolation were all positive for virus.
authors.affiliation: National Veterinary Services Laboratories, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa 50010.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Senne
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Panigrahy
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Morgan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000259:Aviadenovirus / Q000254:growth & development*; D002645:Chickens / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000254:growth & development*; D008297:Male; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*