Relevance of anti-HCV reactivity in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. VA cooperative Study Group #275.
From 8 Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, 296 patients with varying degrees of alcoholic liver disease were tested for hepatitis C (HCV) infection using an EIA and RIBA 2. A high frequency of positive response was observed with 13.9% reactive to both and an additional 4.4% positive only to RIBA 2 (total 18.3%). An evaluation of known risk factors (injection drug use and prior blood transfusions) failed to account for the mode of transmission in 42.6% of the HCV+ patients. The clinical severity of the liver disease and degree of liver pathology were nearly identical in HCV+ vs. HCV- patients. However, the process was accelerated in the HCV+ patients occurring at a 12.8% younger age (p < 0.0001) with a 43% increase in ALT (p = 0.05). The most striking differences were observed in immune parameters. In peripheral blood, total lymphocyte counts were increased 20% (p = 0.01) accompanied by a 56% increase in B cells (p = 0.01) and a 35% elevation of IgG levels (p = 0.0001) in HCV+ patients. T cell changes consisted of a 50% increase in CD8 cells (p = 0.047). However, lymphocyte infiltration into liver was not significantly different (HCV+ vs. HCV-) for any of the subsets studied (CD4, CD8, B cells, NK cells). The combined presence of HCV and alcohol injury did not significantly increase mortality but did significantly increase the number of hospitalizations from 2.4 to 4.0 per year (p = 0.0005).
Mendenhall
C L
CL
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, Cincinnati OH 45220.
Moritz
T
T
Chedid
A
A
Polito
A J
AJ
Quan
S
S
Rouster
S
S
Roselle
G
G
D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies; D006519:Hepatitis, Alcoholic / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors
D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies