title: Effect of milrinone on thromboxane A2 synthesis, cAMP phosphodiesterase and 45Ca2+ uptake by human platelets.
abstract: The phosphodiesterase inhibitors milrinone and isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) inhibited the conversion of [3H]cAMP to [3H]AMP by washed human platelets in concentration-dependent manners (IC50: milrinone, 2.6 x 10(-6) M; IBMX, 4.6 x 10(-6) M). Milrinone and IBMX increased cAMP levels when stimulated by a single concentration (0.3 microM) of iloprost. EC50:milrinone, 5.6 x 10(-5) M; IBMX, 3 x 10(-5) M. Milrinone was a potent inhibitor of platelet thromboxane A2 (TXA2) synthesis when stimulated by median stimulatory doses of collagen (IC50: 3 x 10(-7) M), sodium fluoride (NaF) (a non-specific G protein activator; IC50: 3 x 10(-7) M) and phorbol ester myristate acetate (PMA) (a protein kinase C activator; IC50: 2.2 x 10(-7) M). In contrast, at median stimulatory doses of A23187 and arachidonate there was a marked decrease in the potency of milrinone in inhibiting TXA2 synthesis. Milrinone had a weak inhibitory effect on TXA2 synthesis when elicited by freeze fracturing. In all experiments IBMX was a weaker inhibitor of TXA2 synthesis, although the general pattern of effects was similar to milrinone. Milrinone inhibited both collagen- and adrenaline-stimulated 45Ca2+ uptake by human platelets in dose-dependent manners. Since platelet TXA2 synthesis is dependent on Ca2+, and milrinone inhibited 45Ca2+ uptake, it is concluded that milrinone exerts its inhibitory effect on platelet activity, principally through an action on Ca2+ mobilisation/binding to effector proteins (protein kinase C and/or phospholipase A2).
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Pathology and Human Metabolism, Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine, London, UK.
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jeremy
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mikhailidis
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000378:metabolism*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D016285:Iloprost / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D020105:Milrinone; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011728:Pyridones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D011728:Pyridones; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D016285:Iloprost; D020105:Milrinone; D002118:Calcium