[Reactions to iodinated contrast media].
ICPs are used for many radiological examinations but are responsible for 4.6 to 8.5% of secondary reactions, which may perhaps be of the toxic or anaphylactoid types. Asthma, taking of beta-blockers, and previous reactions to an ICP injection are risk factors for an anaphylactoid reaction. Several mechanisms are involved but it seems to be exceptional that there is an IgE-dependent reaction. There is no paraclinical examination for diagnosis or prediction of reactions. There are hyperosmolar ICPs and others, more recent, which are non-ionic, of reduced osmolality. Non-ionic ICPs induce only a quarter of the secondary reactions of all types together and the reactions are often less severe. When a new injection, they reduce the risk of recurrence in patients who have already had reactions. The best subject protection lies in a premedication with corticosteroids and use of a non-ionic ICP. The latter should also be prescribed if possible, in all where increase in osmolality is contraindicated.
Porri
F
F
Service de Pneumo-Allergologie, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, Marseille.
Vervloet
D
D
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology; D007454:Iodides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011292:Premedication; D015995:Prevalence; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D003287:Contrast Media; D007454:Iodides; D007073:Immunoglobulin E