title: The use of ATP bioluminescence as a measure of cell proliferation and cytotoxicity.
abstract: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence was used to determine whether there was a linear relationship between cultured cell number and measured luminescence using the luciferin-luciferase reaction. In all the cells tested including peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC), MOLT-4, HL-60, TF-1, NFS-60 and L-929 cell lines there was a significant correlation as determined by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (p > 0.00001). These observations were then used to determine whether ATP bioluminescence could be used as a suitable substitute for tritiated thymidine uptake as a measure of cell proliferation. The cell lines MOLT-4, HL-60, TF-1 and NFS-60 showed a strong correlation between thymidine uptake and ATP bioluminescence (p > 0.00001 for all cell types). Additionally the ATP method could detect the cytokine dependent proliferation on TF-1 and NFS-60 cells by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) respectively. The tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-induced cytotoxic effect on L-929 cells could also be accurately detected using this method. It would therefore appear to be possible to use ATP bioluminescence in the detection of cytokine activity in a number of different bioassays.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Centre, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Crouch
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kozlowski
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Slater
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fletcher
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000032:analysis*; D002452:Cell Count; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D049454:Firefly Luciferin; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D008156:Luciferases; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D049454:Firefly Luciferin; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D008156:Luciferases