title: An algorithm for confirming screen reactivity in blood donors in enzyme immunoassays for antibodies to hepatitis C virus.
abstract: Three commercial second generation enzyme immunoassays (EIA) and a second generation immunoblot assay (RIBA-II) for detecting antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) were evaluated in a study of confirmatory testing using sera referred by six Regional Blood Transfusion Centres (RTC). Of a total of 490 samples, 203 were negative in the same EIA as that used by the RTC and of these 162 were negative in all three EIAs. The RIBA-II immunoblot test was performed on all samples and 359 were negative, 69 were indeterminate and 62 reactive. We found a close relationship between RIBA-II reactivity, the reactivity of a sample in all three EIAs and the mean of the test/cut-off ratios of all three EIAs performed on that sample. When this was evaluated by PCR for HCV RNA, we found an association between the mean test/cut-off ratio and the probability that an immunoblot reactive or indeterminate sample was PCR positive. A mean ratio of greater than 5.0 in a RIBA-II reactive sample was associated with a 100% probability (16/16 tested) of being PCR positive. These observations should be extended by testing RIBA-II negative samples by PCR so that simplified algorithms for anti-HCV testing can be developed.
authors.affiliation: Public Health Laboratory, Withington Hospital, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Craske
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Paver
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Farmer
mesh_terms: D001782:Blood Donors; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003429:Cross Reactions; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology*; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies; D012367:RNA, Viral