title: Resistant starch in the diet increases breath hydrogen and serum acetate in human subjects.
abstract: The colonic fermentation of two diets differing in amounts of resistant starch (RS) was studied. High- and low-RS diets were fed to eight healthy subjects in three meals for 1 d. Breath hydrogen and two blood samples were collected over a 28-h period. The high-RS diet provided 59.1 +/- 4.7 g (mean +/- SE) RS and the low-RS diet provided 5.2 +/- 0.4 g RS. Breath hydrogen and the average total serum acetate were significantly higher during the high-RS diet than during the low-RS diet: 34.1 +/- 4.7 and 23.9 +/- 3.9 ppm (P < 0.001) and 169.1 +/- 12.8 and 118 +/- 6.6 mumol/L (P < 0.01), respectively. Butyrate and propionate were also detected in serum samples. Although not statistically significant, there was a trend (P = 0.087) for butyrate to increase with the high-RS diet. Subjects reported greater gastrointestinal symptoms during the high-RS diet. These results suggest that RS may have effects comparable with those of some fermentable dietary fibers.
authors.affiliation: School of Nutrition and Public Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Muir
authors.forename: Z X
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cameron-Smith
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Collier
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: O'Dea
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D001944:Breath Tests; D002087:Butyrates / Q000097:blood; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D011422:Propionates / Q000097:blood; D013213:Starch / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D002087:Butyrates; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D011422:Propionates; D006859:Hydrogen; D013213:Starch