title: The prevalence of hepatitis A, B and C infection among different ethnic groups in Belize.
abstract: Little is known about the prevalence of infection with hepatitis viruses in Belize, Central America. We conducted a serologic survey among members of the Belize Defence Force (BDF), which is composed of the five major ethnic groups in Belize, to estimate prevalence rates of hepatitis A, B, and C among military-aged men and women in Belize. Of approximately 600 men and women in the BDF, 492 (82%) completed a questionnaire and blood collection. Antibody to hepatitis A was found in 94%, with similar rates by age, sex, rank, and ethnicity. Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) was found in 31%. Rates of anti-HBc varied significantly among the ethnic groups with the lowest rates in Mestizo (5%) and Mayan Indians (9%), and significantly higher rates among Creoles (30%) and Garifuna (56%). Rates increased with increasing age from 28% in those 18-24 years old to 35% in those > or = 35 years old (P = 0.07, by chi-square test for trend). Hepatitis B surface antigen was found in 21 (4%) overall. Antibody to hepatitis C was found in two (0.4%). In this young healthy population, exposure to hepatitis A before the age of 18 is almost universal, while exposure to hepatitis B is related to age and ethnic origin.
authors.affiliation: Division of Tropical Public Health, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hakre
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jaramillo
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Krieg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001531:Belize / Q000453:epidemiology; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000453:epidemiology*; D035922:Hepatitis A Antibodies; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies; D006507:Hepatovirus / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D035922:Hepatitis A Antibodies; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies