title: [Biogenesis of 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) and penicillin in Penicillium chrysogenum: effect of the biocatalyst chrysin].
abstract: The investigations were concerned with the examination of the effect of chrysin, a biocatalyst on the 6-APA and penicillin biogenesis in Penicillium chrysogenum (Thom), Panlabs P-5 strain. Chrysin, a natural plant biocatalyst was used to increase the large scale production of penicillin. The experiments were conducted on chemically defined media under conditions determined for this strain in shake flask fermentations. The production of 6-APA and penicillin G was checked and confirmed by HPLC. The level of free 6-APA in the germinating culture increased 12 hours after the inoculation of the P. chrysogenum conidiospores. With the addition of chrysin to the germinating culture the biogenesis of penicillin started in 14 hours but in the experiments without the chrysin addition it was observed 21 hours after the conidiospore inoculation. The origin of free 6-APA in the fermentation broth could be explained solely by the involvement of an independent metabolic pathway of the 6-APA and penicillin biogenesis i.e. N-acylation of free 6-APA. In the fermentation broth of P. chrysogenum it is necessary to distinguish between the primary 6-APA which is a product of the biosynthesis via L-cystine/D-valine and the secondary 6-APA which originates from isopenicillin N.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bosnic
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gelineo
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gajic
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010397:Penicillanic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D010406:Penicillins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010408:Penicillium chrysogenum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D010406:Penicillins; C043561:chrysin; D010397:Penicillanic Acid; C004408:aminopenicillanic acid