title: Potential for oxytetracycline administration by three routes to cause milk residues in lactating cows, as detected by radioimmunoassay (Charm II) and high-performance liquid chromatography test methods.
abstract: Milk antimicrobial residues are a serious concern for the dairy industry. Residues of the tetracycline family of antimicrobials have been reported in market milk by investigators, using radioimmunoassay and microbial receptor technology (hereafter referred to as the Charm II test). In response to these reports, an investigation was conducted to determine the potential of 3 extra-label routes of oxytetracycline (OTC) administration to cause milk residues above the Food and Drug Administration safe value of 30 parts per billion (ppb). Lactating Holstein cows were administered OTC once by use of 1 of 3 routes: IV at 16.5 mg/kg of body weight (n = 6); IM at 11 mg/kg (n = 6); and intrauterine (IU) at 2 g in 500 ml of saline solution/cow (n = 6). Duplicate milk samples were collected at the milking prior to drug administration and for the next 13 milkings at 12-hour intervals. Concentrations of OTC in milk samples were analyzed by use of the Charm II tes for tetracyclines (limit of OTC detection, approx 5 ppb) and were compared with concentrations determined by use of a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method (lower limit of OTC quantitation, approx 2 ppb). The potential for milk OTC residues above the Food and Drug Administration safe value of 30 ppb after treatment was considerably greater for the IV and IM routes, compared with the IU route.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Animal and Equine Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27606.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Moats
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Rushing
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Wesen
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Papich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000662:veterinary; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral / Q000662:veterinary; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007774:Lactation; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D010118:Oxytetracycline / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay / Q000662:veterinary; D014599:Uterus
chemical_list: D010118:Oxytetracycline