title: An electrophysiological study of visual processing in Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Visual processing of sinusoidally modulated gratings was studied in a group of patients (n = 11) with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and an elderly normal control group (n = 9). Spatial square wave gratings (1.47 c/d) were reversed at a temporal frequency of 4 or 8 Hz. EEG recordings at rest and during visual stimulation were obtained from 20 channels using the 10/20 international system. The power spectrum of the 2nd and 4th harmonic of the stimulation frequency was calculated by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) at a resolution of 0.25 Hz. Association of activity between occipital, temporal, parietal and central regions was measured by intra- and inter-hemispheric coherence and phase at harmonics of the stimulation frequency. A significant difference (P < 0.01) in evoked activity of the 4th harmonic at O1 and O2 was found between the two groups with less activity in the AD patients. In the AD group there was a significant correlation (P < 0.05) between evoked activity at the 2nd harmonic of the 8 Hz visual stimulation and Mini-Mental State (MMS) score. This correlation was independent of the age effect on MMS. Response phase between O1 and O2 for both 4 and 8 Hz stimuli was close to 0 degree C and coherence had similar values in both groups. Occipital and central regions showed a phase reversal for all harmonic responses to both visual stimuli. The AD patients showed statistically significant (P < 0.05) phase dispersion at O1-P3 and O2-P4 not seen in the control group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153.
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Celesia
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brigell
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rubboli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bolcioni
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Fiori
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D014795:Visual Pathways; D014796:Visual Perception