title: Colonization of mechanical ventilation bags during use.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Colonization of patients' mechanical ventilation bags was examined to evaluate two criteria (days in use and appearance) for replacing the disposable adapter that interfaces with the patient.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adapters used 1 to 2, 3 to 4 and 6 to 7 days formed groups I, II, and III, respectively (n = 29 to 67 per group). Another group (IA) contained 33 adapters used 1 to 2 days from patients intubated at least 7 days. Appearance of adapters was noted and adapters were swab cultured on nonselective medium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of variance indicated a difference in log colony-forming units per adapter between groups I and II (p = 0.032), but colony-forming units per adapter varied widely. Group III had a lower mean colony-forming unit count than group II. Groups I and II differed in variables other than days of use, but these confounding variables were eliminated by substituting group IA for group I. When adapter appearance versus colonization was examined by chi 2 test, a significant difference was found between adapters that looked "clean" and those with precipitate or with mucus or blood.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For the subjects studied, colonization of adapters increased significantly between 1 to 2 and 3 to 4 days of use but varied widely. Appearance may be more useful than days in use as a criterion for changing adapters.
authors.affiliation: University of Alabama School of Nursing, Birmingham 35294-1210.
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Gauthier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Long
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000407:Alabama; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004209:Disposable Equipment; D004866:Equipment Contamination; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000295:instrumentation; D013997:Time Factors; D012122:Ventilators, Mechanical