title: Determination of the growth fraction in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas by monoclonal antibody Ki-S5 directed against a formalin-resistant epitope of the Ki-67 antigen.
abstract: Relevant prognostic information can be added to the histological classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) by the determination of the growth fraction. In unfixed fresh tissue samples the Ki-67 antigen has proven its utility as an operational marker of proliferative activity in NHL. We have generated a monoclonal antibody directed against a formalin-resistant epitope of the Ki-67 antigen, designated Ki-S5. The immunoreactivity of Ki-S5 is confined to the nuclei of proliferating cells and, unlike Ki-67, no cross-reactivity with cytoplasmic antigens of epithelial cells occurs. In 100 cases of different NHL types, parallel staining of Ki-67 and Ki-S5 antigen yielded almost identical results in fresh tissues and fixed tissues, respectively (P < 0.00001; r = 0.95). In some cases, the Ki-S5 labeling index exceeded that of Ki-67, most probably due to a partial degradation of the epitope recognized by Ki-67 in frozen stored tissue samples. Significant differences in the median Ki-S5 labeling index could be demonstrated between high grade (> 50%) and low grade malignant NHL (< or = 30%), although the proliferative activity varied to a considerable range within identical histological categories (P < 0.001). We conclude that Ki-S5 provides a reliable means to assess proliferation in paraffin-embedded NHL specimens. Retrospective studies relating the proliferative activity to clinical outcome are thus rendered possible using archival routinely processed tissue samples.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology and Hematopathology, University of Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kreipe
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Wacker
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Heidebrecht
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hauberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tiemann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parwaresch
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000276:immunology; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000276:immunology*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D000939:Epitopes / Q000032:analysis*; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000939:Epitopes; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D005557:Formaldehyde