title: Gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma metastatic to the liver. Durable tumor regression by hepatic chemoembolization infusion with cisplatin and vinblastine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma metastatic to the liver is considered most resistant to any combination of systemic chemotherapy containing doxorubicin and/or ifosphamide.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen patients with gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma metastatic to the liver were treated with hepatic chemoembolization infusion consisting of polyvinyl alcohol sponge particles mixed with cisplatin powder (150 mg) followed by an intrahepatic arterial infusion of vinblastine (10 mg/m2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten major (> 50% regression) tumor responses were observed (70%) in patients lasting from 8 to 31+ months (median, 12 months) after an average of two hepatic chemoembolization procedures, usually 4 weeks apart. Transient side effects included right upper quadrant pain requiring narcotics, significant hepatic enzyme elevation, particularly of lactic dehydrogenase with a minimal increase in bilirubin, paralytic ileus requiring nasogastric suction up to 72 hours, urinary electrolyte losses (potassium+, magnesium++, sodium+) requiring supplements, and occasionally mild but transient leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hepatic chemoembolization infusion appears to induce a high rate of durable tumor response in patients with notoriously chemoresistant gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma metastatic to the liver.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Immunology and Biological Therapy, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Mavligit
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Zukwiski
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: V P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wallace
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D006499:Hepatic Artery; D006801:Humans; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D007890:Leiomyosarcoma / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D014747:Vinblastine; D002945:Cisplatin