Antigen-presenting cells in adoptively transferred and spontaneous autoimmune diabetes.
Histological techniques were used to identify antigen-presenting cells (APC) in adoptively transferred diabetes in NOD mice and Ins-HA transgenic mice, and in spontaneously diabetic NOD mice. In adoptively transferred disease, CD4+ T cells and F4/80+ macrophages dominated early infiltrates. By contrast, in spontaneously developing diabetes in NOD mice, lymphocytic infiltrates appeared to be well organized around a network of VCAM-1+ NLDC-145+ ICAM-1+ dendritic cells. Thus, the primary APC spontaneous autoimmune disease appears to be the strongly stimulatory dendritic cell rather than the normally resident macrophage. Next, we used chimeric animals to demonstrate that insulitis and diabetes could occur even when responding T cells were unable to recognize islet-specific antigen directly on beta cells. Altogether, the results demonstrate that immune-mediated damage does not require direct contact between CD4+ T cells and beta cells. Moreover, despite the induction of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and class II on vascular endothelium near islet infiltrates, these experiments show that recruitment of lymphocytes occurs even when antigen presentation is not possible on vascular endothelium.
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Department of Immunology IMM-16, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.
Reilly
C R
CR
Scott
B
B
Liblau
R
R
McDevitt
H O
HO
Burkly
L C
LC
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000276:immunology; D016923:Cell Death; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000276:immunology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000276:immunology*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD / Q000276:immunology*; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1