Psychiatric consequences of "ethnic cleansing": clinical assessments and trauma testimonies of newly resettled Bosnian refugees.
OBJECTIVE
The authors describe the psychiatric assessments and trauma testimonies of 20 Bosnian refugees of "ethnic cleansing" who have recently resettled in the United States.


METHODS
Refugees referred from agencies managing refugee resettlement underwent systematic, trauma-focused, clinical interviews that included standardized assessment scales.


RESULTS
The traumatic experiences of ethnic cleansing in these Bosnian refugees were genocidal in nature. The number of types of traumatic experiences correlated positively with age. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was diagnosed in 65% of the refugees, and depressive disorders in 35%. PTSD severity scores were correlated with the number of types of traumatic events experienced.


CONCLUSIONS
Ethnic cleansing has caused high rates of PTSD and depression, as well as other forms of psychological morbidity, in this group of resettled Bosnian refugees. The longitudinal sequelae of ethnic cleansing as a form of massive psychic trauma remain to be studied.
Weine
S M
SM
Yale Psychiatric Institute, Yale University School of Medicine.
Becker
D F
DF
McGlashan
T H
TH
Laub
D
D
Lazrove
S
S
Vojvoda
D
D
Hyman
L
L
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D017522:Bosnia and Herzegovina / Q000208:ethnology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012036:Refugees / Q000523:psychology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014858:War Crimes / Q000523:psychology*