Parallel signal processing among mammalian MAPKs.
The intracellular signalling field is dominated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade and its control, which involves the small GTPase Ras and sequential kinase activation. Until recently, ERK1 and ERK2 were the only cloned and well-characterized mammalian MAPKs; diverse ligand-stimulated, proline-directed protein phosphorylation events were attributed to these kinases. The recent discovery of two other MAPK subtypes, the JNK/SAPK subfamily and p38/RK (mammalian equivalents of HOG1 in yeast), reveals extreme complexity within the family and, most intriguingly, the existence in mammalian cells of parallel MAPK cascades that can be activated simultaneously.
Cano
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Nuclear Signalling Laboratory, Randall Institute, King's College London, UK.
Mahadevan
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LC
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008322:Mammals; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D011494:Protein Kinases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases