title: Identification and possible function of cathepsin G in gingival crevicular fluid from chronic adult periodontitis patients and from experimental gingivitis subjects.
abstract: The levels of cathepsin G in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from chronic adult periodontitis patients and experimental gingivitis subjects were determined both by activity measurement using N-benzoyl-(DL)-phenylalanine-2-naphthyl ester as a substrate and by enzyme immunoassay using anti-human cathepsin G IgG. The activity level of cathepsin G in GCF of both periodontitis and experimental gingivitis has no significant correlation with all measured clinical parameters. Western immunoblotting using antibodies specific for cathepsin G or alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor revealed that the difficulty in demonstrating the association of its activity with the severity of these diseases was due largely to formation of the enzyme-inhibitor complexes. By contrast, statistically significant positive correlation was found between cathepsin G content in GCF of periodontitis, which was determined by enzyme immunoassay, and such clinical parameters as the GCF volume, the gingival index and probing depth. The increased cathepsin G content with increasing severity of periodontal inflammation was markedly diminished by the initial treatment. Although no significant activity was detectable in GCF of experimental gingivitis, a rapid increase of the immunoreactive cathepsin G was found in GCF at 3-5 d after refraining from oral hygiene measures, which rapidly decreased by 10 d. The progressively increased cathepsin G between 10th and 21st d rapidly decreased by cleaning of the teeth. The results indicate that cathepsin G is involved in the host's defensive mechanism against the invasion of etiologic microbes and/or the development of either periodontitis or gingivitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Nagasaki University School of Dentistry, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kunimatsu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mine
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Muraoka
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hase
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000345:Affinity Labels; D000368:Aged; D015153:Blotting, Western; D056649:Cathepsin G; D002403:Cathepsins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000502:physiology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000201:enzymology*; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000502:physiology; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000345:Affinity Labels; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin; D010649:Phenylalanine; C053764:benzoylphenylalanine; D002403:Cathepsins; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C534094:CTSG protein, human; D056649:Cathepsin G