Treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia in patients over 50 years of age with V-TAD: a Southwest Oncology Group study.
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in the elderly continues to have a poor prognosis and new treatment approaches are needed. This Phase II trial was undertaken to evaluate the complete remission rate and toxicity of a chemotherapeutic regimen including etoposide and 6-thioguanine, combined with reduced doses of cytosine arabinoside and daunorubicin (V-TAD) in individuals greater than 50 years of age with AML. Thirty-five patients, ranging in age from 51 to 80 years (median, 66 years), were registered onto the study. Twenty-nine patients were entered at the first dose level (daunomycin 20 mg/m2 days 1 and 2, ara-C 75 mg/m2 days 1-5, 6-thioguanine 75 mg/m2 every 12 hr days 1-5, and etoposide 50 mg/m2 days 1, 2, and 3) and six patients underwent therapy at the second dose level (ara-C 75 mg/m2 days 1-7 with the remainder of the regimen unchanged). After achieving a complete remission, patients underwent two to three consolidation cycles of chemotherapy. Thirty-one patients were evaluable for response. Thirteen patients (ten of twenty-five at the first dose level and three of six at the second dose level) achieved a complete remission (42%). Median remission duration was 6 months (range 1-21 months). The current regimen, while tolerated, did not result in improved survival compared with prior treatment regimens because of a high incidence of resistant and recurrent leukemia.
Bigelow
C L
CL
University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA.
Kopecky
K
K
Files
J C
JC
Head
D
D
Lipschitz
D A
DA
Grever
M
M
Appelbaum
F R
FR
D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003630:Daunorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013866:Thioguanine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D014481:United States
D003561:Cytarabine; D005047:Etoposide; D013866:Thioguanine; D003630:Daunorubicin