Cloning, expression, and tissue distribution of a fifth melanocortin receptor subtype.
The melanocortin (MC) peptides mediate a diverse spectrum of biological activities in both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues by interacting with specific guanine nucleotide binding (G protein)-coupled receptors. Previously, four human melanocortin receptor subtypes have been cloned and characterized. In this study, we have isolated mouse complementary DNA (cDNA) and human genomic clones encoding a fifth melanocortin receptor subtype, MC5. Melanocortin peptide stimulation of human MC5, transiently expressed in COS1 cells, results in activation of adenylate cyclase with the following rank order of potency: [Nle4, D-Phe7]-alpha-MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone) > ACTH (1-24) (adrenocorticotropic hormone) > alpha-MSH > beta-MSH > gamma-MSH. Northern blot hybridization, ribonuclease protection, and reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction assays indicate that mouse MC5 mRNA is most abundant in skeletal muscle and brain. Lower but detectable levels of MC5 mRNA are also found in RT2-2 retinal neuronal cells, lung, testis, spleen, heart, kidney, and liver.
Fathi
Z
Z
Department of Psychobiological Disorders, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, USA.
Iben
L G
LG
Parker
E M
EM
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D015870:Gene Expression; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018043:Receptors, Corticotropin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D044101:Receptors, Melanocortin; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
D018043:Receptors, Corticotropin; D044101:Receptors, Melanocortin