title: Cloning of p57KIP2, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor with unique domain structure and tissue distribution.
abstract: Progression through the cell cycle is catalyzed by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and is negatively controlled by CDK inhibitors (CDIs). We have isolated a new member of the p21CIP1/p27KIP1 CDI family and named it p57KIP2 to denote its apparent molecular mass and higher similarity to p27KIP1. Three distinct p57 cDNAs were cloned that differ at the start of their open reading frames and correspond to messages generated by the use of distinct splice acceptor sites. p57 is distinguished from p21 and p27 by its unique domain structure. Four distinct domains follow the heterogeneous amino-terminal region and include, in order, a p21/p27-related CDK inhibitory domain, a proline-rich (28% proline) domain, an acidic (36% glutamic or aspartic acid) domain, and a carboxy-terminal nuclear targeting domain that contains a putative CDK phosphorylation site and has sequence similarity to p27 but not to p21. Most of the acidic domain consists of a novel, tandemly repeated 4-amino acid motif. p57 is a potent inhibitor of G1- and S-phase CDKs (cyclin E-cdk2, cyclin D2-cdk4, and cyclin A-cdk2) and, to lesser extent, of the mitotic cyclin B-Cdc2. In mammalian cells, p57 localizes to the nucleus, associates with G1 CDK components, and its overexpression causes a complete cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. In contrast to the widespread expression of p21 and p27 in human tissues, p57 is expressed in a tissue-specific manner, as a 1.5-kb species in placenta and at lower levels in various other tissues and a 7-kb mRNA species observed in skeletal muscle and heart. The expression pattern and unique domain structure of p57 suggest that this CDI may play a specialized role in cell cycle control.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology and Genetics Program, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Reynisdóttir
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Massagué
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D050761:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016196:S Phase / Q000502:physiology; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: C493964:CDKN1C protein, human; C493961:Cdkn1b protein, mouse; C493965:Cdkn1c protein, mouse; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D050761:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases