title: Cardiovascular effects of brain natriuretic peptide in essential hypertension.
abstract: We evaluated the cardiovascular effects of pathophysiological plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide in seven patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension by performing equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography at baseline and during brain natriuretic peptide infusion at increasing doses (4, 8, 10, and 12 pmol/kg per minute for 20 minutes each). Brain natriuretic peptide induced a progressive reduction of left ventricular end-diastolic volume (from 107.5 +/- 10.3 to 89.0 +/- 11.0 mL at the end of all infusion periods) and end-systolic volume, whereas stroke volume did not show any significant change (from 64.9 +/- 5.9 to 62.7 +/- 7.8 mL). Cardiac output, arterial pressure, and peripheral vascular resistance did not change significantly. The lack of effects on systemic hemodynamics was probably due to compensatory activation of the sympathetic nervous system, as indicated by the significant increase in plasma norepinephrine levels (from 1.75 +/- 0.18 to 2.19 +/- 0.21 nmol/L), heart rate (from 68 +/- 6 to 81 +/- 6 beats per minute), peak ejection rate, and peak filling rate. These results indicate that brain natriuretic peptide, at the pathophysiological plasma concentrations reached in this study, influences cardiovascular homeostasis mainly by reducing cardiac preload.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Unit, University of Florence School of Medicine, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: La Villa
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bisi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lazzeri
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fronzaroli
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stefani
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barletta
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Del Bene
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Messeri
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Strazzulla
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Franchi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006400:Hematocrit; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain