title: Chemiosmotic concept of the membrane bioenergetics: what is already clear and what is still waiting for elucidation?
abstract: The present state of the chemiosmotic concept is reviewed. Special attention is paid to (i) further progress in studies on the Na(+)-coupled energetics and (ii) paradoxical bioenergetic effects when protonic or sodium potentials are utilized outside the coupling membrane (TonB-mediated uphill transports across the outer bacterial membrane). A hypothesis is put forward assuming that the same principle is employed in the bacterial flagellar motor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioenergetics, A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Russia.
authors.forename: V P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Skulachev
mesh_terms: D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D002465:Cell Movement; D005407:Flagella / Q000502:physiology; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009995:Osmosis; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C057616:tonB protein, Bacteria; D012964:Sodium; D008697:Methane