title: Studies on serological cross-reaction in sequential flavivirus infections.
abstract: Acute- and convalescent-phase sera from patients with dengue (DEN) hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and Japanese encephalitis (JE) that contained pre-existing flavivirus antibodies were tested for cross-reacting antibodies to DEN, JE and yellow fever (YF) viruses by a neutralization (N) test. A fourfold or greater rise in N antibody titer in the convalescent-phase was considered significant. Of 39 DHF cases, obtained at Chiang Mai University Hospital, Thailand, 15 (38.5%) showed a rise in DEN antibody titer, while another 15 (38.5%) showed a significant rise in both DEN and JE N antibody titers. On the other hand, eight (61.5%) of 13 JE cases obtained at the same Hospital, showed a significant rise in JE antibody titer, while two (15.4%) showed a significant rise in both DEN and JE antibody titers. Sucrose gradient centrifugation and fractionation of these two cross-reactive JE sera revealed that IgM class antibody was specific for JE, while IgG class antibody was cross-reactive. Of three JE cases with pre-existing YF antibody obtained in Okinawa, Japan, two showed a significant rise in YF and JE antibodies. Both IgM and IgG class antibodies to YF virus were elevated. These results indicate that the cross-reactivity among flaviviruses in different subgroups (complexes), was observed quite often, even by the N test, in sequential flavivirus infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Makino
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tadano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maneekarn
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sittisombut
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sirisanthana
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Poneprasert
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukunaga
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001483:Base Sequence; D003289:Convalescence; D003429:Cross Reactions; D003715:Dengue / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D004672:Encephalitis, Japanese / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000276:immunology; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D015004:Yellow Fever / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M