title: [Handicaps in the perinatal period. I. Perinatal pathology and difficulties in school].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Major handicaps are closely related to perinatal events. However, relationship of these events with other moderate disabilities such as school problems are still unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  A representative sample of 1,408 children at school age and born in Lorraine in 1984 was studied. Two hundred and fifty children with problems were compared with 602 controls without school problems, using a multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of school difficulties among 6-year old children (in the last year of nursery school) is 17.8%. Children are at higher risk of school problems if their parents are not (odds ratio [OR] = 7.9) or are poor school graduate (OR = 2.7), if they are boys (OR = 2.0), if they are born at the end of the year (OR = 1.1) and also if they are preterm (OR = 2.7) or small for gestational age (OR = 2.5). Preterm delivery and intra-uterine growth retardation accounted for 9.6% of school difficulties.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relationship between perinatal events and school difficulties warrants to continue with prevention during pregnancy, especially among groups with multiple risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Inspection Régionale de la santé, DRASS de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lacour
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cecchi Tenerini
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fresson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: André
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baubeau
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vert
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004500:Education, Graduate; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010290:Parents / Q000193:education; D012737:Sex Factors
vernacular_title: Handicaps et périnatalité. I. Pathologie périnatale et difficultés scolaires.