title: Neurogenic control of myoelectric complexes in the mouse isolated colon.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Little is known about the mechanisms controlling colonic migrating electrical activity. This study investigates the neural processes involved in the generation of migrating myoelectric complexes in the isolated mouse colon.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intracellular electrophysiological recordings were obtained from the circular muscle layer of the mouse colon in vitro in the presence of 2 mumol/L nifedipine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complexes occurred approximately every 3 minutes and consisted of 1 mumol/L hyoscine-sensitive rapid oscillations (approximately 2 Hz) superimposed on a slow depolarization (approximately 17 mV); the latter was often preceded by a precomplex hyperpolarization (approximately 7 mV) that was reduced by 250 nmol/L apamin. Five hundred micromolars of hexamethonium or 2 mumol/L of tetrodotoxin abolished the complexes and depolarized the muscle by 8.7 +/- 1.3 mV (n = 9) or 12.1 +/- 1.4 mV (n = 5), respectively. Carbachol (50 nmol/L to 5 mumol/L) produced dose-dependent depolarizations but without rapid oscillations. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine (100 mumol/L) depolarized the tissue by 17.2 +/- 1.6 mV (n = 8) but had no effect on the rapid oscillations. In the presence of 2 mumol/L tetrodotoxin, 5 mumol/L sodium nitroprusside produced a sustained hyperpolarization (15.5 +/- 2.0 mV; n = 5) but did not restore complexes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the isolated mouse colon, the membrane potential between complexes is maintained by the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters (including nitric oxide), and the formation of complexes involves disinhibition and the simultaneous activation of cholinergic motor nerves.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lyster
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bywater
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001030:Apamin / Q000494:pharmacology; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002799:Cholinergic Fibers / Q000502:physiology; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation* / Q000502:physiology; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D018738:Hexamethonium / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D016065:Myoelectric Complex, Migrating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D019335:Nitroarginine; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D012601:Scopolamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D009599:Nitroprusside; D019335:Nitroarginine; D001030:Apamin; D018738:Hexamethonium; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D002217:Carbachol; D001120:Arginine; D012601:Scopolamine; D009543:Nifedipine