title: Effects of personality on metabolic control in IDDM patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between poor metabolic control and maladaptive personality traits (according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition-Revised) in an adult-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus sample group (n = 77).
  
  
  METHODS
  Metabolic control was evaluated through glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Personality traits were assessed with the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised, a self-administered questionnaire. Residual pancreatic secretion (fasting serum C-peptide) was also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Principal components analysis revealed three personality profiles: "withdrawn-suspicious" (P1), "dramatic-dependent" (P2), and "aggressive-irresponsible" (P3). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that C-peptide levels and P2 personality profiles were significant and independent predictors of HbA1c plasma levels: P2 predicted high HbA1c values and C-peptide predicted low HbA1c levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that a P2 personality profile is a significant predictor of poor metabolic control.
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychic Sciences Department, H. San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orlandini
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pastore
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fossati
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Clerici
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sergi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balini
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Parlangeli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maffei
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Secchi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pozza
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010551:Personality; D010555:Personality Inventory; D012044:Regression Analysis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D002096:C-Peptide; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin