title: Priming with GHRH (1-29) NH2: an aid in differential diagnosis between hypothalamic and pituitary deficiencies.
abstract: More than 80% of children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) respond with a rise in growth hormone levels when given 1 microgram/kg body weight of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) in an i.v. bolus. We conducted a study to determine whether the failure of the remaining 20% to respond to GHRH is due to a pituitary deficiency or a secondary effect associated with chronically understimulated somatotrophs. We administered GHRH to "prime" 16 short-statured children (> 2 SD) presenting delayed growth (< 4 cm/year), who had not responded initially when given a single dose of GHRH. Priming consisted of administering GHRH (1-29) NH2 (5 micrograms/kg body weight, s.c.) for six consecutive days. Plasma GH response was studied again after an i.v. injection of 1 microgram/kg body weight of GHRH (1-29) NH2 on the seventh morning. On the basis of these results we were able to separate our patients into two groups: a) responders to priming (n = 8), whose GH responses to pharmacological and acute GHRH tests were < 10 ng/ml, with a 12-hour sleep secretion < 3 ng/ml/min. Priming increased the plasma GH response to acute GHRH in all the children in this group (6.0 +/- 2.1 ng/ml to 18.0 +/- 5.4 ng/ml; p < 0.001); b) non-responders to priming (n = 8), whose GH responses to pharmacological and acute GHRH tests were also < 10 ng/ml, with 12-hour sleep secretion < 3 ng/ml/min, but in whom priming with GH did not increase the plasma GH response (5.5 +/- 2.8 ng/ml to 6.2 +/- 2.9 ng/ml; p = NS).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Lozano Blesa Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Garagorri
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Juste
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rejas
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Alvarez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001827:Body Height / Q000187:drug effects; D001846:Bone Development / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; D006801:Humans; D007018:Hypopituitarism / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007027:Hypothalamic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; C059148:somatotropin releasing hormone (1-29)