title: [Nosocomial infection and its impact on the stay in a neonatal intensive care unit (1988-1991)].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neonatal intensive care units show one of the highest frequencies of nosocomial infections (NI), specially in teaching hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cumulative incidence and distribution of NI in a neonatal intensive care unit of a teaching hospital during three years and three months (536 children) is studied, evaluating the relation between NI and its risk factors with X2 and variance analysis and, finally, estimating the excess stays with a multiple linear regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The global cumulative incidence of NI was 11% (or an incidence density of 30.7 per 100 children/month); the prevailing etiological agents were negative coagulase Staphylococcus and fungi of Candida Sp. When analyzing, according to the kind of infection, sepsis associated to catheter, stands out. The relation between the different intrinsic or extrinsic risk factors and the NI was studied as well, and it stood out that infected children suffer manipulations as: Central catheter, assisted respiration, parenteral feeding et cetera, with a greater frequency (twice as much) that of non infected children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cumulative incidence of NI is moderate-low; but is is necessary to continue insisting and increasing the current control measures and on the other hand, is is necessary to calculate the excess stays, due to NI, with multivariate methods because the direct estimation produces an overestimation of that one.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma y Hospital La Paz, Madrid.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Herruzo Cabrera
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García González
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: García Magan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: del Pino Gil Mateo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gómez Antunez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: del Rey Calero
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology
vernacular_title: Infección nosocomial y su repercusión en la estancia de una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales (1988-1991).