title: A comparison of solute clearance during continuous hemofiltration, hemodiafiltration, and hemodialysis using a polysulfone hemofilter.
abstract: The clearance of urea, creatinine, amino acids, vancomycin, and phenytoin was measured in vivo in a small animal model during continuous venovenous (CVV) hemofiltration, CVV hemodiafiltration, and CVV hemodialysis using a 0.25 m2 polysulfone hemofilter. Six domestic piglets (weighing 6-11.8 kg) each received 1 hr of all three techniques in random order. Blood flow was 50 ml/min. During CVV hemofiltration, filtrate production was 500 ml/hr and dialysate flow was zero. During CVV hemodiafiltration, filtrate production was 250 ml/hr and dialysate flow was 250 ml/hr. During CVV hemodialysis, net filtrate production was zero and dialysate flow was 500 ml/hr. The ratio of concentration of solute in filter effluent to concentration in whole plasma was derived for each solute during each of the three techniques. Mean (SD) effluent:plasma ratio for urea during CVV hemofiltration was 0.957 (0.038), CVV hemodiafiltration 0.876 (0.109), and CVV hemodialysis 0.754 (0.123); creatinine 0.942 (0.05), 0.934 (0.056), and 0.814 (0.057); amino acids 0.996 (0.344), 0.904 (0.196), and 0.778 (0.18). For small unbound solutes, there is a decrease in clearance of 6% from CVV hemofiltration to CVV hemodiafiltration and a further decrease of 14% from hemodiafiltration to hemodialysis. The effluent:plasma ratio for vancomycin during CVV hemofiltration was 0.739 (0.082), CVV hemodiafiltration 0.643(0.063), and CVV hemodialysis 0.509 (0.081), corresponding to a decrease of 30% from CVV hemofiltration to CVV hemodialysis. The effluent:plasma ratio for phenytoin was 0.302 (0.028) during CVV hemofiltration and was not significantly different during CVV hemodiafiltration or CVV hemodialysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Reeves
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Butt
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005454:Fluorescence Polarization; D017583:Hemodiafiltration / Q000592:standards*; D006440:Hemofiltration / Q000592:standards*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011108:Polymers; D011897:Random Allocation; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000592:standards*; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000473:pathology; D013450:Sulfones; D013552:Swine; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers; D013450:Sulfones; C017662:polysulfone P 1700; D010672:Phenytoin; D014640:Vancomycin; D014508:Urea; D003404:Creatinine