title: 34-day total fast in an adult man.
abstract: The aim of this work was to investigate the changes of cardiac performance by both electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography (ECHOc), in addition to anthropometric and hormonal variables before, during and after prolonged total fasting (TF) and re-feeding in an overweight adult man. Physical examination, laboratory and hormonal measurements, ultrasonographic study of body fat distribution, ECG and ECHOc study were performed before during and after 34 days of TF and after 17 days of isocaloric re-feeding. The subject was a 52-year old Caucasian who was overweight with increased abdominal fat content (BMI: 28.6; W/H ratio: 0.95) and increased levels of arterial systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP). HPLC measurements of urinary catecholamine levels (HPLC), ECHOc study of cardiac performance, ultrasonographic study of body fat distribution were performed. The subject starved for 34 days losing 22kg, but after that time he was compelled to re-feed because of nausea and severe vomiting. A marked ketosis (ketonuria > 1200mg/day) was already present after 6 days of TF. After 17 days of TF norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EPI) urinary levels showed a two-fold and nine-fold increase respectively, but they became undetectable at the end of TF. After 17 days of re-feeding catecholamine urinary levels were similar to those measured after 17 days of TF. After both TF and 17-day isocaloric re-feeding we found a decrease of visceral fat content and W/H ratio reached the normal values for age-matched subjects (W/H ratio after TF: 0.80, after re-feeding: 0.80).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Clinica Medica, Università degli studi di Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garruti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Pergola
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cignarelli
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Marangelli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Santoro
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Triggiani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciampolillo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giorgino
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000652:urine; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D002149:Energy Intake; D005215:Fasting / Q000502:physiology*; D005502:Food; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines