title: Reconstructed helical CT scans: improvement in z-axis resolution compared with overlapped and nonoverlapped conventional CT scans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This in vitro study was designed to assess the z-axis resolving capabilities of reconstructed helical CT scans obtained with various imaging parameters versus those of conventional CT scans and the effect of decreasing slice index on the z-axis resolution of helical CT.
  
  
  METHODS
  A z-axis line-pair phantom was imaged using conventional nonoverlapped CT scans, conventional CT scans that overlapped by 50%, and helical CT scans with pitches of 1.0 and 1.5. All helical images were reconstructed at comparable slice indexes (image indexes of 2.0, 1.0, and 0.5 mm for pitch = 1.0, and image indexes of 3.0, 1.5, and 0.75 mm for pitch = 1.5). Midline coronal and sagittal reconstructed images were obtained to allow standardized visualization of line pairs. The reconstructed images were reviewed separately by 10 radiologists.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall z-axis resolution of reconstructed helical CT scans equaled or exceeded that of nonoverlapped conventional CT scans in all cases and equaled that of 50% overlapped conventional CT scans in 75% of cases. The 1.0-pitch helical sequences showed improved z-axis resolution with decreasing slice index. No statistically significant improvement in z-axis resolution could be determined by the observers for 1.5-pitch sequences with decreasing slice index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of helical CT with a pitch of 1.0 or 1.5 and an increased slice index can improve the z-axis resolution of reconstructed images when compared with nonoverlapped conventional CT and frequently equals the resolution of 50% overlapped conventional CT. This improvement in z-axis resolution should improve the appearance of reconstructed images (as used in CT angiography and three-dimensional imaging) by reducing partial volume artifacts while affording faster scanning at a reduced skin-surface radiation dose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey 17033, USA.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kasales
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Hopper
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Ariola
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: TenHave
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Meilstrup
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Mahraj
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Van Hook
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Westacott
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sefczek
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Barr
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008961:Models, Structural; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*