title: Induction of the gene encoding mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 by tumor necrosis factor alpha is mediated by NF-kappa B proteins.
abstract: Mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1) is involved in trafficking of lymphocytes to mucosal endothelium. Expression of MAdCAM-1 is induced in the murine endothelial cell line bEnd.3 by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Here we show that TNF-alpha enhances expression of a firefly luciferase reporter directed by the MAdCAM-1 promoter, confirming transcriptional regulation of MAdCAM-1. Mutational analysis of the promoter indicates that a DNA fragment extending from nt -132 to nt +6 of the gene is sufficient for TNF-alpha inducibility. Two regulatory sites critical for TNF-alpha induction were identified in this region. DNA-binding experiments demonstrate that NF-kappa B proteins from nuclear extracts of TNF-alpha-stimulated bEnd.3 cells bind to these sites, and transfection assays with promoter mutants of the MAdCAM-1 gene indicate that occupancy of both sites is essential for promoter function. The predominant NF-kappa B binding activity detected with these nuclear extracts is a p65 homodimer. These findings establish that, as with other endothelial cell adhesion molecules, transcriptional induction of MAdCAM-1 by TNF-alpha requires activated NF-kappa B proteins.
authors.affiliation: Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: V R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Baichwal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D002460:Cell Line; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009088:Mucoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016201:Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013045:Species Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D007136:Immunoglobulins; C489082:Madcam1 protein, mouse; D009088:Mucoproteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016201:Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha