title: Dynorphin A modulates acute and chronic opioid effects.
abstract: A single dose of dynorphin A-(1-13) [dyn A(1-13)] is effective in suppressing the expression of opioid withdrawal and tolerance in morphine-dependent mice. In addition, this modulatory activity is retained by the corresponding non-opioid [des-Tyr1]-dynorphin A peptide [dynA(2-17)]. We have further investigated the non-opioid nature of this activity by comparing the efficacies of dyn A(1-13) and (2-17) under different experimental protocols with a variety of dosing regimens. The effect of dyn A(1-13) on withdrawal and tolerance expression was dose-dependent and could be enhanced by repeated dosing. Thus, the ED50 of naloxone to precipitate withdrawal jumping was increased 1.8-fold when morphine-dependent mice were treated with 4.2 mumol/kg dyn A(1-13) on the fourth day after pellet implantation and 2.4-fold on the sixth day with continued daily dyn A(1-13) treatment. The maximal effect was observed on day 6 when the ED50 of mice treated with 8.4 mumol/kg of dyn A(1-13) was increased nearly 6-fold over that of saline controls. Dyn A(2-17) proved to be nearly as effective as dyn A(1-13).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, USA.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Hooke
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004399:Dynorphins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D009294:Narcotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D009270:Naloxone; C026843:dynorphin (1-13); D004399:Dynorphins; D009020:Morphine