title: Interleukin-2 gene therapy in a patient with glioblastoma.
abstract: A patient with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) who had failed conventional therapy was treated with IL-2 gene therapy. The patient received 10 subcutaneous immunizations with autologous tumor cells and fibroblasts genetically modified to secrete IL-2 by retroviral gene transfer. An antitumor immune response mediated in part by CD8+ cytotoxic T cells was demonstrated with the patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan performed 4 weeks after the highest treatment dose revealed marked tumor necrosis. These results support the evaluation of this form of IL-2 gene therapy in additional patients with glioblastoma.
authors.affiliation: San Diego Regional Cancer Center, California 92121.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Sobol
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fakhrai
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shawler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gjerset
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dorigo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Khaleghi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koziol
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Shiftan
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Royston
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000637:transplantation; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000637:transplantation*; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015474:Isotretinoin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008130:Lomustine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000637:transplantation*; D011344:Procarbazine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016499:Radioimmunotherapy; D016634:Radiosurgery; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013702:Temporal Lobe; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000637:transplantation; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D013629:Tamoxifen; D011344:Procarbazine; D014750:Vincristine; D008130:Lomustine; D015474:Isotretinoin