Evaluation of physicochemical parameters important to the oral bioavailability of peptide-like compounds: implications for the synthesis of renin inhibitors.
A series of radiolabeled compounds related to renin inhibitor structures was synthesized to represent a range of physicochemical properties. These compounds were tested in assays for intestinal absorption and hepatic clearance in order to define parameters conducive to optimizing bioavailability. In general, compounds with higher lipophilicity were better absorbed from the intestine. Absorption may also be dependent on molecular charge, as compounds with ionizable functionality were less well-absorbed than neutral compounds. Neutral compounds showed some dependency on molecular weight, with smaller compounds exhibiting better absorption. While uptake into hepatic cells was rapid regardless of partition coefficient or molecular weight, rate of appearance in bile was dependent on the molecular weight of the compounds.
Hamilton
H W
HW
Department of Chemistry, Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research, Warner-Lambert Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106, USA.
Steinbaugh
B A
BA
Stewart
B H
BH
Chan
O H
OH
Schmid
H L
HL
Schroeder
R
R
Ryan
M J
MJ
Keiser
J
J
Taylor
M D
MD
Blankley
C J
CJ
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D000092502:Renin Inhibitors
D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D000092502:Renin Inhibitors