title: A review of stonefish venoms and toxins.
abstract: Venoms from stonefish (genus Synanceja) have marked effects on the cardiovascular and neuromuscular systems and on vascular permeability; the venoms also exhibit haemolytic and hyaluronidase activity. Recently, a toxic protein, stonustoxin (SNTX), was purified from the venom of S. horrida: the primary lethal action of SNTX has been attributed to its potent endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant activity causing a rapid, marked and irreversible hypotension; the other actions of SNTX resemble those of the stonefish crude venoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gwee
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gopalakrishnakone
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yuen
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Khoo
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Low
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D005397:Fish Venoms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D005399:Fishes / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data
chemical_list: D005397:Fish Venoms; D008387:Marine Toxins