title: Mutagenicity, insecticidal and trypanocidal activity of some Paraguayan Asteraceae.
abstract: The insecticidal, moulting inhibition and trypanocidal effects of crude extracts of 7 Paraguayan Asteraceae were evaluated on Triatoma infestans and bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma cruzi, respectively. Both mutagenicity and toxicity were evaluated by sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in human peripheral lymphocyte culture and by the lethality test of Artemia salina. The ethanolic extracts from Chromolaena christieana (stem and bark), Achyrocline satureoides (leaves and flowers) and Mikania cordifolia (root and stem), at a concentration of 250 micrograms/ml, showed the highest percentage of lysis on bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. The extracts of Chromolaena christieana and Achyrocline satureoides also presented high mutagenic and toxic capacity when they were evaluated by the SCEs assay and Artemia salina test, respectively. Insecticidal activity was only observed in the hexane extract of flowers of Achyrocline satureoides (45% of mortality), when 0.05 microgram of crude concentration was applied on Triatoma infestans. The ethanolic extracts of stem from Mikania cordifolia and Vernonia brasiliana inhibited the moulting of Triatoma infestans when it was compared with their controls. Since no ethnobotanical information on these plants has been found related to similar use in Paraguay, our findings suggest, for the first time, the potential anti-trypanocidal and moulting inhibition of these Asteraceae.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (I.I.C.S.), Rio de la Plata y La Gerenza, Paraguay.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rojas de Arias
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inchausti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ascurra
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Acosta
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fournet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051379:Mice; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D010239:Paraguay; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009153:Mutagens; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents