Relationship between quinolone use and emergence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli in bloodstream infections.
From 1988 to 1992, 27 of 855 cases of Escherichia coli bacteremia in nonneutropenic adult patients observed at our hospital were due to ciprofloxacin-resistant (CIPRO-R) strains. Eighteen episodes (67%) were community acquired, and nine (33%) were nosocomially acquired. Overall, the rates of E. coli bacteremia caused by CIPRO-R strains increased steadily from 0% in 1988 to 7.5% in 1992 (P < 0.01). There was a statistically significant correlation between the incidence of CIPRO-R E. coli bacteremia and the upward trend in fluoroquinolone (norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin) use in the community (r = 0.974; P = 0.005) as well as in the hospital (r = 0.975; P = 0.005). When we compared the 27 case patients with 54 simultaneous control patients who had ciprofloxacin-susceptible E. coli bacteremia, the case patients more frequently had chronic underlying diseases (71 versus 37%; P = 0.004), urinary tract infection (74 versus 50%; P = 0.03), prior surgery (22 versus 6%; P = 0.02), and prior fluoroquinolone use (63 versus 4%; P < 0.001). A logistic regression analysis identified prior quinolone use as the only independent risk factor for CIPRO-R E. coli bacteremia. In conclusion, our study shows a significant correlation between ciprofloxacin resistance and fluoroquinolone use and indicates that prior fluoroquinolone use seems to be the most important risk factor for CIPRO-R E. coli bacteremia.
Peña
C
C
Infectious Disease Service, Hospital de Bellvitge, Universidad de Barcelona, Spain.
Albareda
J M
JM
Pallares
R
R
Pujol
M
M
Tubau
F
F
Ariza
J
J
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
D002939:Ciprofloxacin