title: Breast cancer after breast augmentation with silicone implants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although epidemiological studies have failed to demonstrate an increased incidence of breast cancer in women who had undergone prior prosthetic augmentation mammoplasty (PAM), it has been reported that when breast cancer arises in this group it presents mostly in a palpable form and at a more advanced stage. This is thought to be secondary to suboptimal mammographic evaluation caused by the masking effect of the implant. This study was undertaken to determine, in our experience, whether breast cancer arising in women who had undergone PAM could be detected in a prepalpable form by mammography and whether it presented at a more advanced stage as compared with nonaugmented women with breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The charts of 22 patients, treated by at least one of the authors, in whom 23 breast cancers developed after PAM (group A) were retrospectively reviewed. The comparison groups consisted of 611 nonaugmented patients who underwent 636 procedures for the treatment of primary breast cancer at our institution (group B) and the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) data (group C). Parameters studied were mode of detection, tumor size, axillary lymph node involvement, and histopathology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences between the groups were found in mean tumor size (group A vs. group B), the incidence of preinvasive cancer (group A vs. group B) or axillary lymph node involvement (group A vs. group B and group A vs. group C). Breast-preserving surgery was performed significantly less in augmented patients (group A vs. group B).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that prepalpable and preinvasive breast cancer can be detected in the PAM patient by mammography and that the stage of presentation in this group is not significantly different than in nonaugmented patients. Total mastectomy is preferred over breast-preserving procedures for the treatment of breast cancer in the PAM patient.
authors.affiliation: Beth Israel Medical Center, North Division, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Cahan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ashikari
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pressman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cody
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Sherman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018427:Breast Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000009:adverse effects; D008327:Mammography; D015411:Mastectomy, Modified Radical; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D015413:Mastectomy, Simple; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018426:SEER Program; D012828:Silicones
chemical_list: D012828:Silicones