title: A periplasmic insulin-cleaving proteinase (ICP) from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus sharing properties with protease III from Escherichia coli and IDE from eucaryotes.
abstract: A periplasmic insulin-cleaving proteinase (ICP), purified to its electrophoretic homogeneity in the SDS-PAGE from the Gram-negative bacterium Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, was examined and compared in its properties with the protease III (protease Pi, pitrilysin, EC 3.4.99.44) of Escherichia coli and the insulin-destroying proteinase (IDE, insulinase, EC 3.4.99.45) from eucaryotes. The enzyme was proven to be a metalloprotease like protease III and IDE, as was shown by the inhibitory effects exerted by EDTA and o-phenanthroline. Furthermore, dialysis against EDTA and o-phenanthroline led to a complete loss of activity, which could be restored by addition of Co2+, and, to a lesser extent, but at a lower metal ion concentration by Zn2+. Similar to protease III and IDE, ICP prefers the cleavage of small polypeptides (insulin, insulin B-chain, glucagon) to the cleavage of proteins (casein, human serum albumin, globin) and was inactive against synthetic amino acid derivates (esters, p-nitranilides, and furoylacroleyl substrates) of subtilisin, thermolysin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin. The peptide-bond-specificity of the ICP in the cleavage of the oxidized insulin B-chain was investigated and the results were compared to the specificity of protease III of E. coli, IDE, protease-24,11, and thermolysin. Cleavage sites in the oxidized insulin B-chain generated by ICP are Asn3-Gln4, His10-Leu11, Ala14-Leu15, Leu17-Val18, Gly23-Phe24, Phe24-Phe25, and Phe25-Tyr26. Principally, ICP cleaves between hydrophobic amino acids and amides. The ICP shares one of the only two cleavage sites with the protease III and four sites with the IDE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Martin-Luther-University, Halle (Saale), FRG.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fricke
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Betz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Friebe
mesh_terms: D016954:Acinetobacter calcoaceticus / Q000201:enzymology*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000201:enzymology; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007328:Insulin / Q000737:chemistry; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C046583:pitrilysin