title: Vacuolating cytotoxin production by Helicobacter pylori isolates from peptic ulcer, atrophic gastritis and gastric carcinoma patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the production of vacuolating cytotoxin by Helicobacter pylori isolates from patients with peptic ulcer, atrophic gastritis or gastric carcinoma in order to examine the pathophysiological significance of vacuolating cytotoxin in these diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  H. pylori was isolated from 18 patients (five with peptic ulcers, seven with atrophic gastritis and six with gastric carcinoma). Culture supernatants of H. pylori isolates, concentrated 20-fold, were serially diluted and then analyzed for cytotoxin activity semi-quantitatively using A431 cells as indicator cells. The relative activity of vacuolating cytotoxin was defined according to the maximum dilution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cytotoxin production was observed in two out of five, six out of seven and six out of six isolates from peptic ulcer, atrophic gastritis and gastric carcinoma patients, respectively. The mean relative activity was calculated as 0.80, 2.71 and 2.50 in
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that vacuolating cytotoxin-producing H. pylori is strongly associated with both atrophic gastritis and gastric carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Fukui Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murakita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kohli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000633:toxicity; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000633:toxicity; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D005757:Gastritis, Atrophic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D003603:Cytotoxins; C074689:VacA protein, Helicobacter pylori