title: Nucleotide excision repair DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase epsilon in the presence of PCNA, RFC, and RPA.
abstract: In eukaryotes, nucleotide excision repair of DNA is a complex process that requires many polypeptides to perform dual incision and remove a segment of about 30 nucleotides containing the damage, followed by repair DNA synthesis to replace the excised segment. Nucleotide excision repair DNA synthesis is dependent on proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). To study gap-filling DNA synthesis during DNA nucleotide excision repair, UV-damaged DNA was first incubated with PCNA-depleted human cell extracts to create repair incisions. Purified DNA polymerase delta or epsilon, with DNA ligase, was then used to form the repair patch. DNA polymerase delta could perform repair synthesis and was strictly dependent on the presence of both PCNA and replication factor C, but gave rise to a very low proportion of complete, ligated circles. The presence of replication protein A (which is also required for nucleotide excision repair) did not alter this result, while addition of DNase IV increased the fraction of ligated products. DNA polymerase epsilon, on the other hand, could fill the repair patch in the absence of PCNA and replication factor C, and most of the products were ligated circles. Addition of replication protein A changed the situation dramatically, and synthesis by polymerase epsilon became dependent on both PCNA and replication factor C. A combination of DNA polymerase epsilon, PCNA, replication factor C, replication protein A, and DNA ligase I appears to be well-suited to the task of creating nucleotide excision repair patches.
authors.affiliation: Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms, Herts, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Shivji
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Podust
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hübscher
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D017122:Bacteriophage T4; D004247:DNA / Q000528:radiation effects; D011088:DNA Ligases / Q000378:metabolism; D004257:DNA Polymerase II; D004258:DNA Polymerase III; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000502:physiology*; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000378:metabolism*; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D045585:Flap Endonucleases; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D006801:Humans; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051716:Replication Protein A; D051818:Replication Protein C; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: C096816:BCL2-related protein A1; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C096063:MATA1 protein, S cerevisiae; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; C497167:RPA1 protein, human; D051716:Replication Protein A; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D004247:DNA; D004257:DNA Polymerase II; D004258:DNA Polymerase III; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases; D045585:Flap Endonucleases; D051818:Replication Protein C; D011088:DNA Ligases