title: Identical mutations in the FGFR2 gene cause both Pfeiffer and Crouzon syndrome phenotypes.
abstract: Mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) gene have been identified in Crouzon syndrome, an autosomal dominant condition causing premature fusion of the cranial sutures (craniosynostosis). A mutation in FGFR1 has been established in several families with Pfeiffer syndrome, where craniosynostosis is associated with specific digital abnormalities. We now report point mutations in FGFR2 in seven sporadic Pfeiffer syndrome patients. Six of the seven Pfeiffer syndrome patients share two missense mutations, which have also been reported in Crouzon syndrome. The Crouzon and Pfeiffer phenotypes usually breed true within families and the finding of identical mutations in unrelated individuals giving different phenotypes is a highly unexpected observation.
authors.affiliation: Mothercare Unit of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rutland
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Pulleyn
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Reardon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baraitser
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hayward
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Malcolm
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oldridge
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Slaney
mesh_terms: D000168:Acrocephalosyndactylia / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D003394:Craniofacial Dysostosis / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D051497:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; C496353:FGFR2 protein, human; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051497:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2