title: Factor XIIIa-related antigen immunoreactivity of fungal cell wall: a biologically relevant feature?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A positive immunoreactivity of fungal walls for factor XIIIa has been recently described. Factor XIIIa is a transglutaminase involved in the formation of covalent peptide bounds between some specific proteins.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to explore by experimental approaches the meaning of that immunoreactivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The presence of a factor XIIIa-related antigen (FXIIIa RA) was searched on fungi by using immunohistochemistry. We studied fungi growing on agar plates, stratum corneum, artificial skin as well was in clinical conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our present studies show that the cell wall of some pathogenic fungi express FXIIIa RA immunoreactivity. This was found in clinical infections, as well as in selected in vitro situations including cultures on stratum corneum and on reconstructed skin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The distinct intensity and pattern of FXIIIa RA immunoreactivity may suggest a relationship between this biological marker and the pathogenicity of fungi.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatopathology, University of Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Arrese
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Piérard
mesh_terms: D000946:Antigens, Fungal / Q000276:immunology*; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000276:immunology; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002175:Candida / Q000276:immunology; D002179:Candidiasis, Cutaneous / Q000276:immunology; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003881:Dermatomycoses / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D005670:Fusarium / Q000276:immunology; D005847:Geotrichosis / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008290:Malassezia / Q000276:immunology; D014009:Onychomycosis / Q000276:immunology; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology; D017768:Skin, Artificial; D014005:Tinea / Q000276:immunology; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000276:immunology*; D014249:Trichophyton / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000946:Antigens, Fungal; D015415:Biomarkers; D011503:Transglutaminases