title: Left ventricular diastolic filling performance in older male athletes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether older men who have undergone intensive endurance training over many years demonstrate less age-associated impairment of early diastolic left ventricular (LV) filling performance than their sedentary peers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community-dwelling research volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen older competitive male endurance athletes aged 52 through 76 years and 17 young (< 40 years) and 23 older (52 through 76 years) sedentary control subjects from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.
  
  
  METHODS
  All subjects underwent resting Doppler echocardiography and determination of maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) during graded treadmill exercise. Doppler echocardiographic studies were interpreted without knowledge of the subject's age or exercise habits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Doppler-derived measures of LV diastolic filling performance: peak early (E) filling velocity, peak late (A) filling velocity, ratio of peak E to peak A velocities (E/A), and atrial filling fraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Older athletes demonstrated higher VO2max (47 +/- 6 mL/kg per minute [mean +/- SD]) than either the young controls (41 +/- 7 mL/kg per minute) or older controls (30 +/- 7 mL/kg per minute) (P < .05) as evidence of their superior conditioning status. However, peak E diastolic LV filling velocity was higher in young controls (79 +/- 17 cm/s) than in older athletes (56 +/- 15 cm/s) or older controls (68 +/- 18 cm/s) (P < .001). This age difference persisted after normalizing peak E velocity for mitral stroke volume. Peak E/A ratio and atrial filling fraction were also similar in older athletes (1.2 +/- 0.5 and 0.41 +/- 0.1, respectively) and older controls (1.1 +/- 0.4 and 0.41 +/- 0.1, respectively), and differed significantly from corresponding values of 1.7 +/- 0.4 and 0.33 +/- 0.1 in young controls (P < .001 and P < .05, respectively). By multiple regression analysis, age but not treadmill VO2max was a significant predictor of peak E velocity, peak A velocity, peak E/A ratio, and atrial filling fraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Older men with a long history of intensive endurance training demonstrate impaired early diastolic LV filling similar to that of their sedentary peers. Thus, impairment of early diastolic filling appears to be intrinsic to normative aging and not secondary to the reduction in aerobic capacity that accompanies the aging process.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Fleg
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Taube
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Lakatta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005080:Exercise Test; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D010809:Physical Fitness; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left