title: New algorithm of intra aortic balloon pumping in patients with atrial fibrillation.
abstract: Intra aortic balloon pumps have been operated inaccurately when used in patients with atrial fibrillation. In 36 pre-operative cardiac surgical patients with atrial fibrillation, the interval between the R wave of the electrocardiogram and the dicrotic notch (R-DCN interval) of the aortic pressure waveform showed significant correlation with the preceding R-R interval by second degree polynomial curves (0.53 < r2 < 0.74, p < 0.01). Based on these results a new algorithm for atrial fibrillation was designed. During brief off periods of the intra-aortic balloon pump in atrial fibrillation, electrocardiograms and aortic pressure waveforms were simultaneously recorded and analyzed to obtain a second degree polynomial curve between the preceding R-R and R-DCN intervals. The precise timing of balloon inflation was controlled using the equation in response to the preceding R-R interval. This new algorithm showed the smallest time lags (SD = 8.5 msec) when compared to other existing algorithms (the Kontron model-10, 53.49 msec; the Aries Medical model-700, 43.69 msec; the Datascope system-90, 25.98 msec; the Mansfield 3000, 19.65 msec; and the Kontron K-2000, 14.89 msec) in mock simulation driving using data obtained from clinically recorded waveforms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000628:therapy*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007423:Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping; D012044:Regression Analysis