Histologically diagnosed cancers in South Africa, 1988.
The National Cancer Registry (NCR) collects information on cancer diagnoses via a nation-wide network of public and private pathology laboratories. In 1988, 45,570 new laboratory-diagnosed cancer cases were reported to the NCR. Minimal age-standardised registration rates for black, white, coloured and Asian males were 112.2, 229.9, 192.2 and 91.6/100,000, respectively, and those for females 107.2, 201.3 148.1 and 118.0. About 40% of cancers in females and 31.3% in males occurred in potentially economically active adults aged 15-54 years. The top five cancers in males were: (i) basal cell skin cancer; (ii) cancer of the prostate gland; (iii) cancer of the oesophagus; (iv) lung cancer; and (v) squamous cell skin cancer. In females they were: (i) cancer of the cervix; (ii) breast cancer; (iii) basal cell skin cancer; (iv) squamous cell skin cancer; and (v) cancer of the oesophagus. Despite under-reporting, a number of cancers, especially those of the oesophagus and cervix in blacks and skin cancers in whites, rank among the highest in the world. Moreover, 40.4% of the cancers in adult males (15-64 years) and 15.2% of those in adult females were associated with tobacco use.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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School of Pathology, South African Institute for Medical Research, Johannesburg.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology