title: Chronic muscarinic cholinoceptor stimulation increases adenylyl cyclase responsiveness in rat cardiomyocytes by a decrease in the level of inhibitory G-protein alpha-subunits.
abstract: Exposure of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes for 3 days to the muscarinic cholinoceptor agonist carbachol led to a concentration-dependent increase in adenylyl cyclase stimulation by the beta-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol by up to 115% (at 1 mmol/l carbachol). In addition, direct adenylyl cyclase stimulation by forskolin was increased in carbachol (1 mmol/l)-treated cells by 32%. Pretreatment of the rat cardiomyocytes with pertussis toxin, which enhances adenylyl cyclase activity by a functional inactivation of the inhibitory G-protein (Gi), was performed to investigate the possible role of Gi-proteins in carbachol-induced sensitization of adenylyl cyclase stimulation. After pretreatment of the cells with pertussis toxin, the carbachol-mediated increase in forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity was lost and the carbachol-mediated increase in beta-adrenoceptor-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity was attenuated. Labelling of the 40 kDa pertussis toxin substrates in cardiomyocyte membranes was decreased by carbachol in a concentration-dependent manner by up to 34% (at 1 mmol/l carbachol). The number and affinity of beta 1-adrenoceptors was unaltered following the chronic carbachol treatment. The specific protein synthesis inhibitor Pseudomonas exotoxin A was used to study whether the carbachol-induced decrease in the level of pertussis toxin-sensitive G-proteins and increase in adenylyl cyclase activity depend on de-novo protein synthesis. Pseudomonas exotoxin A inhibits peptide chain elongation by ADP-ribosylating elongation factor 2. Treatment of the cells with 1 ng/ml Pseudomonas exotoxin A for 3 days led to a reduction in the subsequent ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor 2 in the cytosol of the heart muscle cells by 57%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik I, Klinikum Grosshadern, Universität München, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reithmann
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Werdan
mesh_terms: D036002:ADP Ribose Transferases; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000378:metabolism; D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000378:metabolism; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D011485:Protein Binding; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 / Q000187:drug effects; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D037521:Virulence Factors; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology; D000097668:Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exotoxin A
chemical_list: D036002:ADP Ribose Transferases; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D002217:Carbachol; D005098:Exotoxins; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D007545:Isoproterenol; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D037521:Virulence Factors; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; D000097668:Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exotoxin A