title: Desaturated venous-to-arterial shunting reduces right-sided heart failure after cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Right-sided circulatory failure is a major cause of morbidity in heart transplant and ventricular assist device recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Several systems for managing right-sided circulatory failure with use of a right-to-left shunt without need for an oxygenator or systemic heparinization were designed and used clinically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A right-to-left shunt was successfully used to treat severe right-sided circulatory failure in both a transplant and a left ventricular assist device recipient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  If constructed between the femoral vein and artery, such a shunt could (1) be easily inserted and removed, (2) selectively infuse the lower extremities with desaturated blood while maintaining cerebral and cardiac perfusion with saturated blood, (3) selectively reduce the risk of paradoxical emboli to the head and heart, and (4) provide a known and adjustable degree of shunting depending on the condition of the patient, a major advantage of this system compared with creation of an atrial septal defect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, N.Y., USA.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Oz
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Slater
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Dickstein
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Spotnitz
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery; D005268:Femoral Vein; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000628:therapy*; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018497:Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / Q000628:therapy*