title: Escape of red blood cells through gaps in glomerular basement membrane in a patient with mixed connective tissue disease.
abstract: Hematuria in patients with glomerulonephritis seems to result from the passage of red blood cells through anatomical gaps in the glomerular basement membrane. However, such morphological evidence has rarely been demonstrated. A patient with mixed connective tissue disease associated with membranous glomerulonephritis is described in whom the renal biopsy specimen showed an escape of red blood cells through a gap in the basement membrane. These findings support the morphological basis of hematuria in glomerulonephritis.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Makino
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hironaka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shikata
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ota
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001706:Biopsy; D004912:Erythrocytes; D005260:Female; D015433:Glomerulonephritis, Membranous / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D006417:Hematuria / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008947:Mixed Connective Tissue Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology