title: Spiroplasma velocicrescens sp. nov., from the vespid wasp Monobia quadridens.
abstract: Spiroplasma strain MQ-4T (T = type strain), which was isolated from the hemolymph of the vespid wasp Monobia quadridens, was serologically distinct from other spiroplasma species, groups, putative groups, and subgroups. Each strain MQ-4T cell was helical and motile and was surrounded by a single cytoplasmic membrane; there was no evidence of a cell wall. The strain grew well in 1% serum fraction medium, as well as in SM-1, M1D, and SP-4 liquid media, under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Strain MQ-4T grew at temperatures ranging from 10 to 41 degrees C but did not grow at 43 degrees C. The strain grew optimally at 37 degrees C with a doubling time of 0.6 h, the shortest doubling time recorded for any spiroplasma. Strain MQ-4T catabolized glucose and arginine but did not hydrolyze urea. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the DNA was about 27.5 +/- 1 mol%. The genome size was 1,480 kbp (940 MDa). Strain MQ-4 (= ATCC 35262) is designated the type strain of a new species, Spiroplasma velocicrescens.
authors.affiliation: Insect Biocontrol Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Konai
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Whitcomb
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Tully
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carle
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bové
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Henegar
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Hackett
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Williamson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000378:metabolism; D001482:Base Composition; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D012703:Serotyping; D013149:Spiroplasma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013696:Temperature; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism; D014863:Wasps / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D014508:Urea; D001120:Arginine; D002784:Cholesterol; D005947:Glucose