title: Prenatal diagnosis and management of massive bilateral axillary cystic lymphangioma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fetal lymphangiomas can occur in many different anatomic locations, including the most commonly seen nuchal cystic hygroma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A fetus at 18 weeks' gestation was found to have a massive right axillary hygroma. The fetal karyotype was normal. Serial ultrasound examinations indicated progressive enlargement, but no hydrops. At 32 weeks' gestation, a left axillary hygroma was also diagnosed. The patient underwent cesarean delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prenatal diagnosis of nuchal cystic hygromas has a high association with karyotypic abnormalities, hydrops, and fetal demise; however, this association may not apply to cystic lymphangiomas at other locations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: McCoy
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kuller
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Chescheir
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Coulson
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Nakayama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001034:Apgar Score; D001365:Axilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D002585:Cesarean Section; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007621:Karyotyping; D018191:Lymphangioma, Cystic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal