title: Linkage analysis of bipolar illness with X-chromosome DNA markers: a susceptibility gene in Xq27-q28 cannot be excluded.
abstract: Transmission studies have supported the presence of a susceptibility gene for bipolar (BP) illness on the X-chromosome. Initial linkage studies with color blindness (CB), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, and the blood coagulation factor IX (F9) have suggested that a gene for BP illness is located in the Xq27-q28 region. We tested linkage with several DNA markers located in Xq27-q28 in 2 families, MAD3 and MAD4, that previously were linked to F9 and 7 newly ascertained families of BP probands. Linkage was also examined with the gene encoding the alpha 3 subunit of the gamma-amino butyric acid receptor (GABRA3), a candidate gene for BP illness located in this region. The genetic data were analyzed with the LOD score method using age-dependent penetrance of an autosomal dominant disease gene and narrow and broad clinical models. In MAD3 and MAD4 the multipoint LOD score data suggested a localization of a BPI gene again near F9. In the 7 new families the overall linkage data excluded the Xq27-q28 region. However, if the families were grouped according to their proband's phenotype BPI or BPII, a susceptibility gene for BPI disorder at the DXS52-F8 cluster could not be excluded.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Born Bunge Foundation, University of Antwerp (UIA), Belgium.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De bruyn
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Raeymaekers
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mendelbaum
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Sandkuijl
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Raes
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Delvenne
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hirsch
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Staner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mendlewicz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Van Broeckhoven
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003117:Color Vision Defects / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000097:blood; D005164:Factor IX / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005955:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008126:Lod Score; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010375:Pedigree; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D014960:X Chromosome
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D005164:Factor IX; D004247:DNA