title: Human cord blood mononuclear cells are preferentially infected by non-syncytium-inducing, macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates.
abstract: Identification of the factors which impact on the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from an infected mother to her infant is essential for the development of effective strategies to prevent perinatal HIV-1 infection. The current study was designed to determine if unstimulated human neonatal cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) differ from adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. Both cell populations were challenged with two laboratory and two clinical HIV-1 isolates with different phenotypic properties. Infection was evaluated by quantitation of p24 antigen production and p24 antigen expression by an enzyme immunoassay and immunofluorescence, respectively. T-cell markers were determined by flow cytometry. Unstimulated CBMC were preferentially infected by macrophage-tropic, non-syncytium-inducing (non-SI) laboratory and clinical isolates, whereas PBMC were more susceptible to T-lymphotropic, SI HIV-1 strains. The macrophage-tropic strain HIV-1Ba-L replicated to 100-fold higher titers in CBMC than a similar inoculum of the SI isolate HIV-1LAI. The opposite occurred in unstimulated PBMC, which replicated HIVLAI to eightfold higher titers than the macrophage-tropic isolate. These findings indicate that a selection of viral phenotype may occur with unstimulated CBMC displaying a predominant susceptibility to infection by macrophage-tropic, non-SI HIV-1 strains and that this selection may influence mother-infant transmission of HIV-1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0672.
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Reinhardt
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Reinhardt
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Lathey
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Spector
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology / Q000821:virology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000821:virology*; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D010641:Phenotype; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000821:virology; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D010835:Phytohemagglutinins