title: Arterial and venous cytokine response to cardiopulmonary bypass for low risk CABG and relation to hemodynamics.
abstract: During and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), cytokines may affect cardiac performance and the immune response and are therefore of diagnostic and therapeutic interest. We have used EIA/EASIA kits to measure arterial and venous levels of interleukin-1-beta (IL-1-beta), IL-2, IL-2 receptor (IL-2-R), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interferon (IFN)-gamma in 12 men and 3 women (mean age 59.4 +/- 8.5 years, mean left ventricular ejection fraction 66 +/- 11%, average of 2.5 +/- 0.64 vessels affected by disease) undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). On average each patient received 3 +/- 0.85 bypass grafts and required a postoperative maximum dopamine-dose of 3.8 micrograms/kg per min. Mean CPB and operation times were 60 +/- 21 min, and 132 +/- 16 min, respectively. During CPB, the venous levels of IL-2 temporarily decreased from 234 to 0 (p < 0.05) pg/ml and arterial and venous levels of IL-2-R temporarily decreased from 28 to 16, and 36 to 18 pM (p < 0.05), respectively. After termination of CPB, there was an increase in the arterial and venous levels of IL-6 from below 3 to 253 and 277 pg/ml (p < 0.05) and TNF-alpha from 1.1 to 5.7 and 0.7 to 4.0 pg/ml, respectively (p < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-increases peaked 30 min, and IL-6 increases peaked 4 h after termination of CPB. Twenty-four hours after the end of CPB, IL-6 showed a tendency to return to baseline, but still remained significantly elevated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Westfalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wiedner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Erren
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Möllhoff
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Assmann
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Scheld
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001158:Arteries; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003331:Coronary Vessels; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis*; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D012995:Solubility; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis*; D014680:Veins
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015850:Interleukin-6; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C052994:interleukin-1beta (163-171); D007371:Interferon-gamma