title: Refraction and retinopathy in diabetic children below 16 years of age.
abstract: In a population-based cross-sectional study of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 42 children--with a median age of 11 years (range 7-15 years) and a median duration of diabetes of 4 years (range 1-12 years)--underwent an ophthalmological and a biochemical examination (HbA1c). None of the children had visual loss due to diabetes, and only 4.8% had mild, non-proliferative retinopathy. Using cycloplegic refractioning, we found low degree myopia (less than -2D) in 12% of the patients, whereas non-mydriatic measurements increased the frequency of myopia to 29%. We therefore recommend the use of cycloplegia in refractive evaluations of diabetic children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Arhus University Hospital, Denmark.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Johansen
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sjølie
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Eshøj
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003519:Cyclopentolate / Q000494:pharmacology; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009216:Myopia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015995:Prevalence; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects; D012029:Refraction, Ocular; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003519:Cyclopentolate