title: Effects of retinoic acid and gamma-interferon on expression of retinoic acid receptor and cellular retinoic acid-binding protein in breast cancer cells.
abstract: Retinoids and gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) have been demonstrated to synergistically amplify growth inhibition in cultured breast cancer cells. Since IFN-gamma enhances effects mediated by retinoids more than vice versa, we focused our investigations on the mRNA expression of cellular retinoic acid-binding proteins (CRABPs) and retinoic acid receptors (RARs), since these are the key molecules that mediate retinoid action. Synergistic inhibition of cell proliferation under treatment with 9-cis-retinoic acid and IFN-gamma was detected in the three breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, SKBR-3, and even in the RA-resistant BT-20 cells. RAR-alpha and RAR-gamma mRNA were observed in all cell lines, whereas RAR-beta was not detectable. CRABP I message was expressed in MCF-7 cells only, but CRABP II was found in all three breast cancer cell lines. IFN-gamma (10 ng/ml) increased RAR-gamma expression but had no influence on RAR-alpha, whereas RAR-beta was not detectable in any of the cell lines. RA (1 microM)-mediated CRABP II increase was suppressed by IFN-gamma (10 ng/ml). These observations indicate that IFN-gamma-mediated increase in RAR-gamma and suppression of RA-mediated CRABP II activation may play a role in synergistic inhibition of proliferation in breast cancer cell lines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck University Hospital, Austria.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Widschwendter
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Daxenbichler
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dapunt
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marth
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; C082927:retinoic acid binding protein I, cellular; C082928:retinoic acid binding protein II, cellular; D014212:Tretinoin; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D003513:Cycloheximide