title: Pediatric multiple sclerosis report of 14 cases.
abstract: We present clinical data from 14 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who have been admitted to our hospital between January 1980 and May 1992, whose age of onset ranged from 2-15 years. Our patients could be classified as having a clinically definite form of the disease. Initial symptoms varied from minor, such as motor or sensory impairment, bladder dysfunction, to the worst clinical presentation, suggesting diffuse encephalopathy. All the patients had a relapsing-remitting course. We report the paraclinical and laboratory examinations that were done in these patients. Over the period 1980 to 1992 these patients had 39 attacks. CSF analysis was performed in the phase of activity of the disease on 23 occasions and was normal in 12. At least one brain CT scan was performed in 9 patients and showed white matter abnormalities in 6. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging was done in 6 patients and were abnormal in 5. Visual evoked potential (EP) was abnormal in 7 of 8 patients; brainstem acoustic EP was abnormal in 4 of 8 patients and somatosensory EP in 4 of 8. MS is not so rare in childhood and although its diagnosis is essentially a clinical one, paraclinical investigations are of great value in the identification of demyelinating disorders in childhood.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Guilhoto
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Osório
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: de Castro
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Manreza
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Callegaro
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kok
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diament
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017668:Age of Onset; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology