title: Purification and semienzymic synthesis of flavin adenine dinucleotide-3'-phosphate.
abstract: Nonradioactive immunoassays incorporating an element of amplification in their detection system require the use of components that are highly purified. Flavin adenine dinucleotide-3'-phosphate (FADP) is the primary substrate used in such an amplification assay. For incorporation into a simple, single-pot assay system, the concentration of contaminating flavin adenine dinucleotide (a prosthetic group for the enzyme D-aminoacid oxidase used in the amplification cascade assay) in this primary substrate must be minimized to achieve maximum sensitivity. Production of the substrate to a high degree of purity has been achieved using apo-glucose oxidase to specifically remove contaminating flavin adenine dinucleotide from solution and hydrolysis of a cyclic intermediate as a final production protocol by ribonuclease T2 to give the product in high yield. The use of continuous ultrafiltration reactors at each stage is described and compared to a final production step utilizing immobilized ribonuclease T2. These reactors allow large volumes of material to be handled and assist in the scale-up of these processes. The suitability of each protocol is assessed for the commercial production of FADP.
authors.affiliation: London Biotechnology Limited, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University College London, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harbron
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Eggelte
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Rabin
mesh_terms: D001059:Apoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003605:D-Amino-Acid Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D004722:Endoribonucleases; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014462:Ultrafiltration
chemical_list: D001059:Apoproteins; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D003605:D-Amino-Acid Oxidase; D004722:Endoribonucleases; C022543:ribonuclease T(2)