title: Fermentation of wort containing added ochratoxin A and fumonisins B1 and B2.
abstract: Ochratoxin A (OA), fumonisin B1 (FB1) and fumonisin B2 (FB2) were added to wort at levels of 0.19, 0.95 and 0.95 micrograms/ml, respectively, and fermented for up to 8 days by three strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Decreases of OA in the beer over this period were estimated from straight line slopes to be 2-13%. Losses of FB1 and FB2 were estimated to be 3-28% and 9-17% respectively. Some OA was taken up by the yeast, up to 21% in a detailed study with one strain. In contrast, uptake of fumonisins by yeast was negligible (< 1% FB1 and < 2% FB2). In control experiments, OA, FB1 and FB2 were found to be stable when added to yeast-free wort and kept for up to 8 days at 25 degrees C. In addition, spiking experiments with blank day 0-8 fermenting wort samples showed method recoveries averaging 87-91%. None of the mycotoxins was detected in control fermentations where they were not added to the wort.
authors.affiliation: Food Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kanhere
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Daley
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Farber
mesh_terms: D001515:Beer / Q000032:analysis*; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation / Q000502:physiology*; D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins; D009793:Ochratoxins; C056934:fumonisin B2; C025589:ochratoxin A; C056933:fumonisin B1