title: High-level ATP production by a genetically-engineered Candida yeast.
abstract: Previous studies of ATP production with the methylotrophic yeast, Candida boidinii, suggested that the phosphorylation of AMP catalyzed by adenylate kinase (ADK) was rate-limiting. To investigate whether the enhancement of ADK activity in C. boidinii cells would improve ATP productivity, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADK1 gene encoding ADK was expressed in C. boidinii under the C. boidinii AOD1 promoter. Methanol-induced transformants had 10,000-fold enhanced levels of ADK activity and produced 23-fold more ATP from adenosine when compared to the control, parent strain. In a pH-controlled reaction system with successive adenosine-feeding, the ATP concentration in the reaction mixture reached 230 mM (117 g/l) over 45 hours, and was easily purified with an overall yield of 78 percent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rogi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yonehara
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tani
mesh_terms: D000248:Adenosine Kinase / Q000235:genetics*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002175:Candida / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010957:Plasmids; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000248:Adenosine Kinase