title: Concordance of ultrasonographic and physical findings in cattle with an umbilical mass or suspected to have infection of the umbilical cord remnants: 32 cases (1987-1989).
abstract: Medical records of 32 cattle treated for umbilical abnormalities that had undergone ultrasonographic examination of the umbilicus followed by umbilical resection or postmortem examination were reviewed. Thirty of the cattle were between 6 and 240 days old (mean, 73 days); the remaining 2 cattle were a 3-year-old bull and a 5-year-old cow. Thirty (94%) animals had external evidence of infection associated with the umbilicus. Two calves did not have external signs of infection; 1 had an abscess of the urachus and the other was found to be normal. Two-dimensional real-time ultrasonography was used to identify abnormal umbilical cord remnants. Ultrasonographic results were most reliable for the urachus, and the urachus was the most commonly affected internal umbilical cord remnant. Statistical agreement between ultrasonographic and physical (surgical or postmortem) findings was good to excellent for all umbilical structures. Intra-abdominal adhesions were found at surgery in 47% of animals with umbilical abnormalities; however, adhesions were not detected ultrasonographically.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, New Bolton Center, Kennett Square 19348.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Staller
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Tulleners
authors.forename: V B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Reef
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Spencer
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D000038:Abscess / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006554:Hernia, Umbilical / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary; D007239:Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014469:Umbilical Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D014472:Umbilicus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014497:Urachus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology