title: Localization of human rhinovirus replication in the upper respiratory tract by in situ hybridization.
abstract: To localize the sites and determine the extent of human rhinovirus (HRV) replication in the upper respiratory tract, biopsies of nasal and nasopharyngeal epithelia were collected from 26 HRV- or 7 sham-inoculated volunteers on days 1, 3, and 5 and on days 12, 20, or 33 after inoculation and analyzed by in situ hybridization. HRV-infected cells were detected on at least 1 day in 22 of the 23 HRV-infected subjects and in 1 of the 7 sham-inoculated subjects who developed a cold and had nasal secretions positive for a picornavirus by polymerase chain reaction. Low numbers of in situ hybridization-positive ciliated cells were present in nasal biopsies. In the nasopharynx, most HRV-infected cells were ciliated, but infected nonciliated epithelial cells were also detected. Our results indicate that HRV replicates in a very small proportion of cells in the nasal epithelium and in both ciliated and nonciliated cells in the nasopharynx of experimentally infected humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville 22908, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arruda
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Winther
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Pevear
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gwaltney
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Hayden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002923:Cilia; D003139:Common Cold / Q000821:virology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells; D004848:Epithelium / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000821:virology*; D010614:Pharynx / Q000821:virology*; D015347:RNA Probes; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D014420:Turbinates / Q000821:virology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D015347:RNA Probes; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins; C074995:viral protein 1, rhinovirus