Stimulus and cell-specific expression of C-X-C and C-C chemokines by pulmonary stromal cell populations.
Chronic inflammatory responses in the lung rely on the continual recruitment of leukocytes to the site of inflammation. Recent data have demonstrated a possible role for stromal cell-derived chemokines in leukocyte recruitment. In the present study we examined the production of interleukin (IL)-8 and ENA-78, members of the C-X-C family of chemokines, and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha and MIP-1 beta, members of the C-C chemokine family, from pulmonary smooth muscle and endothelial cells. The production of IL-8 and ENA-78 was induced by early response cytokines, IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), but not by immune-associated cytokines, IL-4, IL-10, or interferon (IFN)-gamma. In contrast, the production of MIP-1 alpha and MIP-1 beta by pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells increased when stimulated by immune-associated cytokines as well as with IL-1 beta and TNF. The level of MIP-1 alpha production induced in smooth muscle cells by the immune-associated cytokines, IL-4, IFN-gamma, and IL-10 ranged from 0 to 340 pg/ml. The production of MIP-1 beta in response to the immune-associated cytokines IL-4, IFN-gamma, and IL-10 in smooth muscle cells ranged from 260 to 940 pg/ml. Human pulmonary artery endothelial cells did not generate MIP-1 alpha or MIP-1 beta in response to graded doses of any of the cytokines. These data demonstrate differential induction of C-X-C and C-C chemokines from nonimmune stromal cell populations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Lukacs
N W
NW
Department of Pathology and Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0602, USA.
Kunkel
S L
SL
Allen
R
R
Evanoff
H L
HL
Shaklee
C L
CL
Sherman
J S
JS
Burdick
M D
MD
Strieter
R M
RM
D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D054365:Chemokine CXCL5; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D016207:Cytokines / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D015846:Monokines / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000378:metabolism*
C486263:CXCL5 protein, human; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D054365:Chemokine CXCL5; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D016207:Cytokines; D016209:Interleukin-8; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D015846:Monokines