title: Permanent heterotopic ossification at the injection site after diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis immunizations in children who have fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva.
abstract: In patients who have fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, routine childhood diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis immunizations administered by intramuscular injection caused a significant risk of permanent heterotopic ossification at the site of injection (p < 10(-8)), whereas measles-mumps-rubella immunizations administered by subcutaneous injection posed no significant risk. Intramuscular injections should be avoided, if possible, once a diagnosis of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva has been established.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Lanchoney
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Rocke
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zasloff
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000009:adverse effects; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D008458:Measles Vaccine; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; D009108:Mumps Vaccine; D009221:Myositis Ossificans / Q000150:complications*; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012411:Rubella Vaccine
chemical_list: D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D004338:Drug Combinations; D008458:Measles Vaccine; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; D009108:Mumps Vaccine; D012411:Rubella Vaccine