title: New advances in symptom management in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Even with exciting new advances in the immunology of multiple sclerosis (MS), a definitive, etiologically aimed management strategy remains elusive. New advances in symptom management provide the clinician the means of improving the quality of life of individuals with MS. Symptoms can be divided into three broad categories: those which stem from demyelination (primary), those coming from the complications of demyelination (secondary), and those which develop from the psychological aspects of chronic disease (tertiary). The modern clinician must be able to develop a life management plan involving symptom management in MS. This article develops some strategies based on newer advances in this area.
authors.affiliation: Fairview MS Center, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Schapiro
mesh_terms: D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D006801:Humans; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D011788:Quality of Life; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000628:therapy