title: National estimates of nonfatal firearm-related injuries. Beyond the tip of the iceberg.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the magnitude and characteristics of nonfatal firearm-related injuries treated in hospital emergency departments in the United States and to compare nonfatal injury rates with firearm-related fatality rates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from medical records for all firearm-related injury cases identified using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) from June 1, 1992, through May 31, 1993.
  
  
  METHODS
  NEISS comprises 91 hospitals that are a stratified probability sample of all hospitals in the United States and its territories that have at least six beds and provide 24-hour emergency service.
  
  
  METHODS
  Numbers and population rates for nonfatal and fatal firearm-related injuries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An estimated 99,025 (95% confidence interval [CI], 56,325 to 141,725) persons (or 38.6 per 100,000 population; 95% CI, 22.0 to 55.2) were treated for nonfatal firearm-related injuries in US hospital emergency departments during the study period. The rate of nonfatal firearm-related injuries treated was 2.6 (95% CI, 1.5 to 3.7) times the national rate of fatal firearm-related injuries for 1992.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nonfatal firearm-related injuries contribute substantially to the overall public health burden of firearm-related injuries. NEISS can be useful to monitor the number of nonfatal firearm-related injuries in the United States. A national surveillance system is needed to provide uniform data on firearm-related injury morbidity and mortality for use in research and prevention efforts.
authors.affiliation: Office of Statistics and Programming (K59), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Annest
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Mercy
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Ryan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014948:Wounds, Gunshot / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality