title: Effects of semotiadil fumarate (SD-3211) and its enantiomer, SD-3212, on the changes in cytosolic Ca2+ and tension caused by KCl and norepinephrine in isolated rat aortas.
abstract: Semotiadil fumarate (SD-3211), a Ca2+ channel blocker of benzothiazine derivative and its (S)-(-)-enantiomer (SD-3212), inhibited K(+)- and norepinephrine (NE)-induced contractions in isolated rat aortas. Inhibition of NE contraction induced by both drugs was greater than that induced by diltiazem or bepridil, whereas inhibition of K(+)-contraction was similar to that induced by diltiazem or bepridil. Semotiadil and SD-3212 (10 microM) inhibited the increase in cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) induced by 65.4 mM K+ in fura-2-loaded preparations as well as diltiazem and bepridil (10 microM). On the other hand, semotiadil and SD-3212 (10 microM) inhibited only the early phase of increase in [Ca2+]i induced by 1 microM NE. After 5 min, no significant effect on [Ca2+]i was observed with these compounds despite the significant decrease in the contraction. In contrast to these compounds, diltiazem and bepridil 10 microM affected neither the increase in [Ca2+]i nor the contraction induced by NE. Semotiadil and SD-3212 inhibited the transient contraction induced by 1 microM NE in the absence of external Ca2+. Both compounds partially but significantly inhibited the NE-induced contraction in nifedipine-treated muscles. These results suggest that semotiadil and SD-3212 inhibit contractions of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) not only through blockade of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels but also through other mechanisms, such as inhibition of Ca2+ release from Ca2+ stores or decrease in sensitivity of the contractile elements to Ca2+.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shindo
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015764:Bepridil / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004110:Diltiazem / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D013844:Thiazoles; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D015764:Bepridil; C064356:sesamodil; D004110:Diltiazem; D002118:Calcium; D009638:Norepinephrine