title: T helper cell type 1 (Th1)- and Th2-like responses are present in mice with gastric candidiasis but protective immunity is associated with Th1 development.
abstract: The relative contributions of local T helper cell type 1 (Th1)- and Th2-like responses to the course of primary and secondary gastrointestinal (GI) candidiasis were examined in adult immunocompetent BALB/c mice. Both Th1 cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and the Th2 cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5, were produced by CD4+ cells from Peyer's patches (PP) and mesenteric lymph nodes at a time when the fungus was cleared from the stomach and intestine. Augmentation of antigen-specific Th2-like responses by treatment with cholera toxin did not modify the course of disease. In contrast, treatment with soluble IL-4 receptor, which increased Th1 cells, was associated with enhanced yeast clearance. In addition, IFN-gamma but not IL-4 mRNA was present in PP and spleen CD4+ cells in mice resistant to subsequent GI inoculation. Activation of Th1- but not Th2-like responses may be responsible locally for controlling GI candidiasis and generating protective immunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cenci
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mencacci
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spaccapelo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tonnetti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mosci
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Enssle
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Puccetti
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Romani
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bistoni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000472:pathogenicity; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004064:Digestive System / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005756:Gastritis / Q000276:immunology*; D007110:Immunity, Active; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000276:immunology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4; D002772:Cholera Toxin