Antitumor actions of interferon-gamma and interleukin-1 beta on human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell lines.
To test the hypothesis that interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) possess antitumor activity on human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells, we studied the in vitro effects of IFN gamma and IL-1 beta on the proliferation and invasiveness of two human PTC cell lines, TPC-1 (TP) and NPA (NP) cells. TP and NP cells were treated with various concentrations of IFN gamma and IL-1 beta alone and in combination. Cell proliferation was assessed by [3H]thymidine incorporation and cell number measurement. Tumor cell invasion was assessed by the ability of cells to penetrate through a Matrigel membrane. Both IFN gamma and IL-1 beta inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation into TP cells in a dose-dependent manner and decreased TP cell number. In NP cells, treatment with IFN gamma and IL-1 beta also decreased [3H]thymidine incorporation and cell number. The inhibitory effects of IFN gamma and IL-1 beta on tumor cell proliferation were additive in both cell lines. In the invasion experiments, IFN gamma and IL-1 beta reduced the invasiveness of TP and NP cells. Again, the inhibitory effects of IFN gamma and IL-1 beta on tumor cell invasion were additive in both cell lines. In summary, the results showed that both IFN gamma and IL-1 beta are potent inhibitors of the proliferation and invasiveness of TP and NP cells. The additive effects of IFN gamma and IL-1 beta are evidence that they act through different pathways. Our findings suggest that IFN gamma and IL-1 beta are two of the anticancer factors that act to suppress the proliferation and reduce the invasive potential of human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells.
Yip
I
I
Endocrine Research Laboratory, West Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Medical Center, California 90073, USA.
Pang
X P
XP
Berg
L
L
Hershman
J M
JM
D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002452:Cell Count / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D013936:Thymidine / Q000378:metabolism; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D007375:Interleukin-1; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D013936:Thymidine