title: Hemiballism-hemichorea: clinical study in 23 Chinese patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hemiballism-hemichorea, a well documented movement disorder, is not uncommon in the clinic. However, systematic analysis of the condition in ethnic Chinese on clinical grounds, is still inexplicably lacking.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study focused on 23 Chinese patients with hemiballism-hemichorea in Taiwan. The general data, clinical pictures, blood biochemistries, past histories of systemic disease, neuroradiological imaging, methods of treatment, and prognoses of these patients were analyzed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study revealed that ischemic stroke (44%) is the leading cause of this movement disorder, and the metabolic disorder (22%) is also one of the common etiologies of dyskinesia in Chinese patients. In addition to those patients whose condition was caused by non-ketotic hyperglycemia, blood sugar had also obviously increased in patients where the cause was infarction. Pathological lesions contributed to hyperkinesia were found not only in the contralateral basal ganglion but also in the thalamus and subcortical areas. The characteristics of those patients where the cause was infarction and non-ketotic hyperglycemia were: age at onset greater than 60 years, and predominantly in women. Etiologies contributing to this movement disorder in younger patients differ from those in the older. Prognosis of the movement disorder in this study was favorable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hemiballism-hemichorea is predisposed to occur in older Chinese women, and metabolic disorder is an important etiology of the movement disorder. When the dyskinesia is encountered in the clinic, the metabolic disorders must be first ruled out as the problem may be rapidly resolved by achieving metabolic control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Tsao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications; D002648:Child; D002819:Chorea / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013624:Taiwan