Prognostic factors in breast carcinoma.
With greater public awareness and use of mammography, more breast carcinomas are detected early, before the axillary lymph nodes contain metastases. About 60% of patients will be node-negative; yet 20-30% of node-negative breast carcinoma patients will develop recurrent tumors, and they are at risk of dying of disease. These patients should be considered for adjuvant therapies, whereas the remaining 70-80% appear to be cured by surgery. Thus, accurate assessment of risk factors for recurrence provides valuable therapeutic information. This review focuses on recent reports that help identify subsets of patients at variable risk for recurrent disease.
Weidner
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Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53