title: Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid modulation of immune cell function before or after trauma.
abstract: We describe the role of increased eicosanoid production in inducing immunodepression associated with shock and trauma and the potential mechanisms by which prostaglandins produce immunosuppression. The effects of prefeeding with a diet high in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in preventing trauma-induced immunosuppression, and of such a diet on cellular immunity in patients after trauma are described. The potential mechanisms by which enteral diets containing n-3 PUFAs produce beneficial effects are also discussed. Although there is controversy concerning the immunomodulatory mechanisms of this diet, most of the information available indicates that dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFAs may prevent immunosuppression after trauma. Further studies are needed, however, to determine the precise composition and duration of supplementation with n-3 PUFAs that prevent the deleterious immune responses but do not alter normal immunoresponsiveness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ayala
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Chaudry
mesh_terms: D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D015777:Eicosanoids; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3