title: Bonding to glass infiltrated alumina ceramic: adhesive methods and their durability.
abstract: Resin bonding to a glass-infiltrated aluminum oxide ceramic (In-Ceram) cannot be achieved by the methods commonly used for conventional silica-based dental ceramics. This study evaluated the durability of alternative methods of adhesive bonding to In-Ceram ceramic. The tensile bond strength of six bonding systems to In-Ceram ceramic was tested after up to 150 days of storage in isotonic artificial saliva solution and thermal cycling. Sandblasting alone or additional use of a silane did not result in a durable bond of a conventional BIS-GMA composite resin to In-Ceram ceramic. A durable bond to In-Ceram ceramic was achieved with a combination of tribochemical silica coating and conventional BIS-GMA composite resin or with the combination of sandblasting and a composite resin modified with a phosphate monomer. These two chemomechanical bonding methods appeared suitable for clinical bonding of In-Ceram ceramic restorations. A delayed degradation in bond strength was recorded for the combination of thermal silica coating and a conventional BIS-GMA composite resin; no reduction was found after 30 days, but there was a pronounced decrease after 150 days. This degradation indicated that extended storage in a wet environment was needed in laboratory tests to evaluate the durability of chemical bonds.
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland at Baltimore, Dental School, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kern
authors.forename: V P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D003188:Composite Resins; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D004356:Drug Storage; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010710:Phosphates; D019279:Resin Cements; D012821:Silanes; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; C093719:Panavia TPN-S; D010710:Phosphates; D019279:Resin Cements; C076811:Rocatec; D012821:Silanes; C086630:TwinLook cement; D003776:Dental Porcelain; C070870:In-Ceram; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; C086115:Clearfil F2; C052304:Panavia EX; D000537:Aluminum Oxide