title: Adverse events associated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and atovaquone during the treatment of AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
abstract: Atovaquone was compared to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) for the relationship of time receiving therapy, plasma drug concentrations, and incidence of adverse reactions in patients with AIDS-associated Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Treatment-limiting adverse events occurred in 9% of atovaquone-treated patients and 24% of TMP-SMZ-treated patients. Adverse events usually did not occur before day 7 for either treatment. Only the incidence of rash increased with increasing plasma concentrations of atovaquone. The incidence of anemia, neutropenia, and azotemia increased with increasing trimethoprim plasma concentration, while other adverse events (gastrointestinal disorders, rash, fever, and liver function abnormalities) were independent of plasma drug concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38101, USA.
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: LaFon
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masur
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000328:Adult; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D053626:Atovaquone; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D053626:Atovaquone