title: Symbiotic bacteria in the accessory submandibular gland of the club-footed bat, Tylonycteris pachypus.
abstract: The lumina of the secretory endpieces and, to a lesser extent, of the duct system of the accessory submandibular gland of the club-footed bat, Tylonycteris pachypus, contain numerous rod shaped bacteria. Despite their abundance, these microbes do not evoke an inflammatory response by the glands. The major submandibular gland, as well as the other major salivary glands in these exotic animals contain no bacteria whatsoever. It is concluded that the bacteria in the accessory submandibular gland are symbionts, and that they may play a role in digestion or in the social behavior of their host organisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tandler
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Toyoshima
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Phillips
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002685:Chiroptera / Q000382:microbiology*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000382:microbiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013559:Symbiosis