title: Induction of micronucleated erythrocytes by MEA, AET, WR-2721 and X-rays.
abstract: The induction of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) was assessed in the bone marrow of adult male Swiss mice treated with MEA (cysteamine HCl), AET (2-aminoethylisothiouronium Br.HBr), or WR-2721 (S-2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethyl phosphorothioic acid), at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight, and/or exposed to 6 Gy X-rays. MEA, AET, or WR-2721 was given alone or 15 min prior to X-ray exposure, and the frequency of MNPCEs was determined 24 h after the aminothiol treatment and X-irradiation of mice. A genotoxic effect was shown for MEA, AET, WR-2721, and X-rays, as well as a protective effect of the aminothiols against X-ray-induced genotoxicity in the mouse erythropoietic system. The aminothiol drugs given alone, without subsequent X-irradiation, elevated the frequency of MNPCEs, and WR-2721 appeared to be less toxic than AET and MEA. After exposure of mice to X-rays, the number of MNPCEs was distinctly increased. MEA, AET, or WR-2721 administration prior to X-irradiation resulted in a reduction of the X-ray-induced elevation of the frequency of micronuclei, but a stronger radioprotective effect was obtained following WR-2721 and AET treatment than after MEA application. So, the genotoxic and radioprotective effect of the aminothiols was dependent on the compound applied.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Physiology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mazur
mesh_terms: D004999:Amifostine / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D003543:Cysteamine / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity*; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation; D014965:X-Rays / Q000009:adverse effects; D000338:beta-Aminoethyl Isothiourea / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D000338:beta-Aminoethyl Isothiourea; D003543:Cysteamine; D004999:Amifostine