title: The enhancer in the long control region of human papillomavirus type 16 is up-regulated by PEF-1 and down-regulated by Oct-1.
abstract: The minimal enhancer in the long control region of human papillomavirus type 16 regulates cell type and constitutive expression from the promoter P97. This region contains at least four DNase I footprints (fp4e, fp5e, fp6e, and fp7e). We have shown that fp5e is crucial to enhancer function and have described an apparently novel factor (PEF-1) binding fp5e (S. Cuthill, G. J. Sibbet, and M. S. Campo, Mol. Carcinog. 8:9-104, 1993). Further analyses reveal that Oct-1 or an Oct-related factor binds fp5e at a site overlapping that of PEF-1. The binding of Oct-1 to fp5e has been demonstrated by electrophoretic mobility shift assays, by oligonucleotide competition studies, and by using an Oct-1-specific anti-POU serum. The location of the Oct-1 site has been confirmed by a panel of mutants across fp5e. Mutations that block PEF-1 binding to fp5e also block enhancer/promoter activity of the long control region, whereas mutations that block Oct-1 binding significantly increase enhancer/promoter activity. Thus, although both PEF-1 and Oct-1 interact with fp5e, they appear to regulate human papillomavirus expression in opposite ways.
authors.affiliation: Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, CRC Beatson Laboratories, Glasgow, Scotland.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Sibbet
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cuthill
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Campo
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D051863:Host Cell Factor C1; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D050811:Octamer Transcription Factor-1; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497692:HCFC1 protein, human; D051863:Host Cell Factor C1; D050811:Octamer Transcription Factor-1; C494165:POU2F1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors