title: Forearm substrate exchange during hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia in normal man.
abstract: To assess muscle substrate exchange during hypoglycaemia, 8 healthy young male subjects were studied twice during 2 h of hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemia followed by 4 h of (1) hypoglycaemia (plasma glucose < 2.8 mmol l-1), and (2) euglycaemia. Insulin was infused at a rate of 1.5 mU kg-1 min-1 throughout. When compared to euglycaemia, hypoglycaemia was associated with: (1) increment in circulating glucagon (65 +/- 8 vs 23 +/- 4 ng l-1, p < 0.05), growth hormone (19.9 +/- 3.6 vs 2.6 +/- 1.3 micrograms l-1, p < 0.05), adrenaline (410 +/- 88 vs 126 +/- 32 ng l-1, p < 0.05) and increased suppression of C-peptide (0.5 +/- 0.1 vs 1.0 +/- 0.1 micrograms l-1, p < 0.05) along with a modest lowering of insulin (103 +/- 10 vs 130 +/- 13 mU l-1, p < 0.05); (b) decrease in plasma glucose level (3.0 +/- 0.07 vs 5.0 +/- 0.12 mmol l-1, p < 0.05), forearm glucose uptake (0.21 +/- 0.09 vs 1.21 +/- 0.21 mmol l-1, p < 0.05) and requirement for exogenous glucose (5.6 +/- 1.1 vs 13.2 +/- 0.9 mg kg-1 min-1 p < 0.005) together with an impaired suppression of isotopically determined endogenous glucose production (0.34 +/- 0.5 vs -2.3 +/- 0.3 mg kg-1 min-1, p < 0.05); (3) exaggerated increase in blood lactate (1680 +/- 171 vs 1315 +/- 108 mumol l-1, p < 0.05) and a decrease in alanine (215 +/- 18 vs 262 +/- 19 mumol l-1, p < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: University Department of Medicine and Hematology, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abildgaard
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Orskov
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Alberti
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schmitz
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Møller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000409:Alanine / Q000097:blood; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D005943:Gluconeogenesis; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D012016:Reference Values; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D007773:Lactates; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013006:Growth Hormone; D005934:Glucagon; D000409:Alanine; D005990:Glycerol; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine