Effect of adjuvants on immunogenicity of MN recombinant glycoprotein 120 in guinea pigs.
The immunogenicity of recombinant gp120 from the MN strain of HIV-1, a candidate HIV-1 vaccine, was evaluated in guinea pigs using adjuvant formulations with different physical and chemical properties. The adjuvants tested included Freund's adjuvant (FA), alum, and the novel adjuvant QS-21. These studies demonstrated that QS-21 provides a number of advantages compared to the two other adjuvants tested. QS-21 formulations accelerated the production of antibodies to MN rgp120 and elicited complete seroconversion after a single immunization. QS-21 shifted the antigen dose-response curve for antibody production by as much as three orders of magnitude, enabling a more economical use of antigen. Antibody titers to MN rgp120 and to the principal neutralizing determinant in the V3 domain were higher in animals receiving QS-21 formulations than in animals immunized with the other adjuvants, and correlated well with higher virus neutralization titers in an in vitro assay. These results support the testing of QS-21 in future clinical trials of candidate HIV-1 vaccines.
Powell
M F
MF
Department of Pharmaceutical Research, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.
Eastman
D J
DJ
Lim
A
A
Lucas
C
C
Peterson
M
M
Vennari
J
J
Weissburg
R P
RP
Wrin
T
T
Kensil
C R
CR
Newman
M J
MJ
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology*
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012503:Saponins; C078785:saponin QA-21V1