title: Production of a bioflocculant by mixed culture.
abstract: Colony groups that form large amounts of slime externally were obtained from activated sludge among phthalate-assimilating microbes. That slime, which R-3 mixed microbes produced externally, had a high level of flocculation activity. R-3 mixed strains, one of such colony groups, efficiently produced a bioflocculant (APR-3) in liquid cultures of production medium, especially that containing starch and glucose (1:1) as carbon sources. Identification of this group of bioflocculant-producing microbes (R-3 mixed strains) showed that it was comprised of four strains belonging to the genera Oerskovia, Acinetobacter, Agrobacterium, and Enterobacter. The bioflocculant (APR-3) was purified electrophoretically to homogeneity by ethanol and CPC precipitation. Its molecular mass is at least 2 x 10(6) Da. APR-3 is an acidic polysaccharide made of glucose, galactose, succinic acid, and pyruvic acid (molar ratio: 5.6:1:0.6:2.5).
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Bioscience and Human Technology (NIBH), Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kurane
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuyama
mesh_terms: D000150:Acinetobacter / Q000378:metabolism; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D002412:Cations / Q000494:pharmacology; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D004754:Enterobacter / Q000378:metabolism; D005427:Flocculation; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D009618:Nocardiaceae / Q000378:metabolism; D012231:Rhizobium / Q000378:metabolism; D012240:Rhodococcus / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001704:Biopolymers; D002412:Cations