title: The loss of in vivo activity of recombinant human erythropoietin by active oxygen species.
abstract: The effects of active oxygen species on the in vivo activity of recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) treated by Fenton system, xanthine (X) plus xanthine oxidase (XO) system and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been studied by means of counting the increase in number of hemolyser-resistant cells (HRCs) in EPO-injected mice. The results showed that both Fenton and X plus XO systems caused a significant reduction of the activity in proportion to the concentration of generated active oxygen species. Meanwhile, the treatment of EPO with H2O2 alone resulted in a relatively slight reduction of the activity. Electrophoretic studies on the structure of EPO revealed that its main protein band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE) disappeared in proportion with the extent of exposure to active oxygen generating systems. Both Fenton and X plus XO systems caused a significant loss of fluorescence in the pyridylamino (PA-) sugar chain in proportion to the concentration of generated active oxygen species, and no degradation products in the sugar chain part of the PA-sugar chain were detected. This showed that aromatic groups in EPO were sensitive to attack by active oxygen species. These results provide evidence that hydroxyl radical and other active oxygen species have a potential to react with EPO, leading to a reduction of its in vivo activity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Said
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hibi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Izaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D005260:Female; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin