title: A reference of the GOLD classification of monoclonal antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen to the domain structure of the carcinoembryonic antigen molecule.
abstract: The epitopes of 42 well-characterized monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) from 10 different research groups were mapped in terms of domain structure (domains N, A1-B1, A2-B2, and A3-B3) of the CEA molecule on the basis of the reactivities with recombinant CEA proteins expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Thirty-six of the 42 MAbs tested have previously been classified into 5 essentially nonoverlapping epitope groups (GOLD 1-5) by cross-competition assays among MAbs for CEA binding (Hammarström S, et al.: Cancer Res. 1989; 49:4852-4858). The epitopes recognized by GOLD 2 MAbs were all present on domain A2-B2, those for GOLD 5 MAbs were all on domain N, and those for GOLD 4 were mapped around domains A1-B1 and A2-B2. On the other hand, the epitopes for GOLD 1 MAbs were distributed into domains N, A2-B2, and A3-B3, and those for GOLD 3 MAbs were separated into domains N and A3-B3. Although the exact reasons for the dispersed patterns of GOLD 1 and 3 MAbs on the domain structure of the CEA molecule are unclear at present, several factors, such as a spatial relation or a close proximity of epitopes, conformation dependency, and repetitivity of epitopes, may be considered as possible explanations. The epitope mapping reported here helps form the basis for understanding the relation between the chemical structure and antigenic activities of the CEA molecule and may be useful to study the functions of the CEA molecule, especially those of the respective domains.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuroki
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuwahara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakazato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000145:classification*; D000915:Antibody Affinity; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D016466:CHO Cells; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D006224:Cricetinae; D018604:Epitope Mapping; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011817:Rabbits; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins