title: The influence of fluoride on the adsorption of proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans to hydroxyapatite.
abstract: Proteoglycans and their spatial arms, the glycosaminoglycans, are known to interact with hydroxyapatite, and are considered to have a role in the regulation of mineralization. This study investigates the interactive mechanisms, with particular attention directed at the influence of fluoride on the adsorption process. Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans were adsorbed to hydroxyapatite in the presence of fluoride (1-20 ppm range). The adsorbates included a chondroitin 4-sulfate-rich proteoglycan extracted from rat incisor dentine, hyaluronan, chondroitin 4-sulfate, and dermatan sulfate. The order of glycosaminoglycan in decreasing affinity for hydroxyapatite was chondroitin 4-sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and hyaluronan, and the individual glycosaminoglycans showed different responses to the presence of fluoride. Graded increases in fluoride (1-4 ppm) led to 5-40% reduction of glycosaminoglycan adsorption to hydroxyapatite. The proteoglycan showed less affinity for hydroxyapatite, and demonstrated a reduction in adsorption of up to 22% with 20 ppm fluoride. The inhibitory effect of fluoride indicated an electrostatic mechanism, presumably via the calcium sites in the hydroxyapatite lattice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Dental Science, Dental School, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Embery
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Waddington
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gilmour
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism; D003804:Dentin / Q000378:metabolism; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005459:Fluorides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D007180:Incisor; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D011509:Proteoglycans; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D017886:Durapatite; D005459:Fluorides