title: Effects of various antineoplastic agents on an established human melanoma cell line (G-361).
abstract: An established human melanoma cell line was treated with several concentrations of three antineoplastic drugs: melphalan (0.016, 0.032, 0.16 microns), CCNU (1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea) (0.04, 0.21, 0.42 microM), and 4-OHA (4-hydroxyanisole) (4.01 x 10(-4), 1.20 x 10(-3), 2.4 x 10(-3) microM), and the effects on cell growth and viability were compared. 24 hours after treatment, 4-OHA (ID50 = 2.4 x 10(-3) microM) was more cytotoxic than melphalan (ID50 = 0.016 microM) and CCNU (ID50 = 0.21 microM). However, after 96 hours exposure, the most effective drug was CCNU (growth rate = -1.277), which caused the death of the culture. This was followed by melphalan (growth rate = -1.024) and finally 4-OHA (growth rate = -0.69). Similar ultrastructural cell injuries were observed after the use of the three drugs: the dilation of endoplasmic reticulum vesicles and the nuclear membrane; mitochondria swelling; and the existence of lamellar structures and cytoplasmic vacuoles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: García Reverte
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bernabeu Esclapez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muñoz Ramos
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vicente Ortega
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Canteras Jordana
mesh_terms: D000840:Anisoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D006801:Humans; D008130:Lomustine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008558:Melphalan / Q000494:pharmacology; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000840:Anisoles; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C009760:mequinol; D008130:Lomustine; D008558:Melphalan