T/Tn pancarcinoma autoantigens: fundamental, diagnostic, and prognostic aspects.
Pathogenetic aspects of pancarcinoma T/Tn autoantigens were investigated; they are present in approximately 90% of all carcinomas from incipience and throughout. T/Tn are occluded in noncarcinoma (non-CA) diseased and healthy tissues. By serological and immunohistochemical methods, we found that well-differentiated carcinomata express a higher proportion of T than Tn, while in poorly differentiated carcinomata, Tn predominates over T. Tn density of primary carcinomas correlates positively with aggressiveness, early clinical relapse, and early death. Delayed-type skin hypersensitivity to T (DTHR-T) and solid-phase anti-T antibody immunoassay (SPIA-T), respectively, detected 85% of 461 and 88% of 222 carcinoma patients; < 7% of over 450 benign diseased and healthy subjects reacted positively in these assays. T/anti-T assays are highly effective in detecting incipient (TisN0M0 and T1N0M0) carcinomas: DTHR-T-85% of 41, and SPIA-T-96% of 26 patients. Positive anti-T tests predicted CA in 74% of 47 patients months to years before their biopsy/X-ray turned positive.
Springer
G F
GF
Heather M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Chicago Medical School, IL 60064, USA.
Desai
P R
PR
Ghazizadeh
M
M
Tegtmeyer
H
H
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate / Q000032:analysis*; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D007519:Isoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D011379:Prognosis
D000906:Antibodies; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; D001324:Autoantigens; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D007519:Isoantigens; C040286:Tn antigen; C016467:Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen; C025991:Thomsen-Friedenreich antibodies