title: Soluble interleukin 2 receptor levels in children with type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels reflect mononuclear cell activation and are elevated in a variety of autoimmune, neoplastic and infectious conditions. Several investigators have studied sIL-2R levels in patients with Type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but results have been conflicting. Our primary objective in this study was to compare sIL-2R levels of children and adolescents with newly diagnosed IDDM with those of age-matched controls. In addition, sIL-2R levels in a cohort of patients were followed longitudinally for 1 to 2 years after diagnosis. Serum sIL-2R levels of 38 IDDM children and adolescents (age < 20 years) were compared with levels of 39 nondiabetic, age-matched controls. Mean sIL-2R levels declined with age (P < 0.000005), and there was no significant difference in the regression line relating age and sIL-2R levels between patients and controls. The sIL-2R levels remained fairly consistent over 1-2 years of follow up. The presence of islet cell antibodies (ICA) had no apparent effect on sIL-2R levels in children with diabetes. The sIL-2R levels were similar in magnitude among first degree relatives of patients with IDDM compared to the range of unrelated subjects. It is our conclusion that sIL-2R levels are highest during infancy and decline throughout childhood. The sIL-2R levels do not appear to be clinically useful as a reflection of immune activation in patients with IDDM. Finally, there may be a genetic influence which partially regulates production of sIL-2R.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307-5001, USA.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gartner
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Pfeifer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Albini
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Francis
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis*; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; C024211:islet cell antibody