title: Induced oleoresin biosynthesis in grand fir as a defense against bark beetles.
abstract: Grand fir (Abies grandis) saplings and derived cell cultures are useful systems for studying the regulation of defensive oleoresinosis in conifers, a process involving both the constitutive accumulation of resin (pitch) in specialized secretory structures and the induced production of monoterpene olefins (turpentine) and diterpene resin acids (rosin) by nonspecialized cells at the site of injury. The pathways and enzymes involved in monoterpene and diterpene resin acid biosynthesis are described, as are the coinduction kinetics following stem injury as determined by resin analysis, enzyme activity measurements, and immunoblotting. The effects of seasonal development, light deprivation, and water stress on constitutive and wound-induced oleoresinosis are reported. Future efforts, including a PCR-based cloning strategy, to define signal transduction in the wound response and the resulting gene activation processes are delineated.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-6340, USA.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Steele
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lewinsohn
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Croteau
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D001517:Coleoptera; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010935:Plant Diseases; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013729:Terpenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D014197:Trees / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013729:Terpenes; C018620:oleoresins