title: A revised Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire: factor structure confirmation, and invariance in a general population sample.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The alcohol expectancy construct has become prominent in contemporary psychosocial approaches to understanding alcohol use and abuse. In 1980 Brown and colleagues developed the 90-item Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire (AEQ) to assess experiences. Rohsenow modified this instrument to create the 40-item Alcohol Effects Questionnaire (AEQ-2). In the present study, we replaced the dichotomous response format of the AEQ-2 with a six-point scale to create the AEQ-3. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the AEQ-3 for factor structure confirmation and invariance across gender and race subgroups.
  
  
  METHODS
  We administered the AEQ-3 to a large general population sample (N = 1,260). The instrument was self-administered during a structured interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test a correlated eight-factor model consisting of six positive expectancies and two negative expectancies. Fit indices revealed that the eight-factor model fit the data moderately well. Furthermore, the fit of the eight-factor model was largely invariant across race and gender subgroups. Nonetheless, factor intercorrelations and modification indices revealed inadequate discriminant validity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on these findings, we cautiously recommend the AEQ-3 as a measure of alcohol expectancies. Specific recommendations and limitations are discussed regarding future use of the AEQ-3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Frone
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Windle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People