title: Endometrial blood flow analysis in postmenopausal women: can it help differentiate benign from malignant causes of endometrial thickening?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if prominent vascularity and low pulsatility index (PI) and resistive index (RI) in endometrial arteries help differentiate carcinoma from benign lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five postmenopausal women with at least 8-mm-thick endometrium at endovaginal ultrasound (US) underwent color duplex Doppler endovaginal US of the endometrium. PI and RI values were recorded from arterial waveforms generated in areas of increased vascularity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At color duplex Doppler endovaginal US, endometrial arterial flow was seen in 23 of 36 (64%) proved benign endometrial lesions. The range of PIs for benign lesions was 0.31-1.77 (mean, 0.72 +/- 0.33 [standard deviation]) and for RIs was 0.27-0.84 (mean, 0.48 +/- 0.13). Arterial vessels were seen in five of nine proved endometrial cancers (56%); the range of PIs was 0.42-1.17 (mean, 0.71 +/- 0.32) and for RIs was 0.34-0.69 (mean, 0.48 +/- 0.15). Differences in mean PI and RI for benign and malignant lesions were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-impedance arterial flow is observed in various diseases of the endometrium, and there is an overlap between the PI and RI of benign and malignant lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sheth
authors.forename: U M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Hamper
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: McCollum
authors.forename: C I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Caskey
authors.forename: N B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Rosenshein
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Kurman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D014655:Vascular Resistance