A randomised double blind placebo controlled trial of fish oil in high risk pregnancy.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether n-3 fatty acid (EPA/DCHA) prophylaxis is beneficial in high risk pregnancies.


METHODS
A randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial.


METHODS
Antenatal clinic of St James's University Hospital, Leeds.


METHODS
Two hundred and thirty-three pregnant women at high risk of developing proteinuric or nonproteinuric pregnancy induced hypertension or asymmetrical intrauterine growth retardation.


METHODS
Active treatment was 2.7 g of MaxEpa daily (1.62 g of eicosapentaenoic acid and 1.08 g of docosahexaenoic acid). Placebo were matching air-filled capsules.


METHODS
Occurrence of proteinuric, nonproteinuric pregnancy induced hypertension or birthweight < 3rd centile.


RESULTS
There was no difference in an intention to treat analysis between the placebo and active treatment groups for occurrence of proteinuric pregnancy induced hypertension (relative risk (RR) = 0.88; 95% CI 0.47-1.66), nonproteinuric pregnancy induced hypertension (RR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.48-1.64), birthweight < 3rd centile (RR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.48-1.64), or the duration of pregnancy (difference of mean durations = 0.1 days; 95% CI -4.8 to 4.9 days). Analyses stratified by use of tobacco, and analyses excluding known major protocol violators gave essentially identical results.


CONCLUSIONS
There is no evidence from this study for any useful effect of fish oil supplementation for women at high risk of adverse outcomes from a pregnancy, but a small protective effect remains a possibility.
Onwude
J L
JL
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.
Lilford
R J
RJ
Hjartardottir
H
H
Staines
A
A
Tuffnell
D
D
D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000517:prevention & control; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D018566:Pregnancy, High-Risk; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000517:prevention & control
D004338:Drug Combinations; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; C045153:Maxepa; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid