title: [Preoperative X-ray computed tomographic evaluation of major aplasia of the ear in children].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe computed tomography (CT) findings in congenital aural atresia (CAA) and to illustrate the impact of these findings in the preoperative evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-seven congenital aural atresia (bilateral: 10) in 57 children were studied using high resolution CT. Sections 1.5 mm thick were removed from the coronal and the axial plans without sedation (mean age: 9, 6 years).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A narrow bony external auditory canal (EAC) was present in 24% of the cases. In one of these cases, the EAC contained a cholesteatoma and was consequently a clear indication of surgery. An hyperpneumatized mastoïd (22%), a posterior position of the temporo mandibular joint (16%), and a bulging medial temporal fossa (12%) made the operation much more difficult. The tympanic cavity was small in 68% of the cases, normal in 28% and absent in 4% of the cases without any detectable ossicular chain. Ossicular chain anomalies were present in 91% of the cases. This consisted most frequently of a fusion of the malleus and the incus (76%) with or without fusion to the tympanic wall (33%). Lateral and anterior displacement of the descending portion of the facial nerve was present in 62%. Oval and round windows were normal in 86% of the cases. A soft tissue opacity (33%) in the tympanic cavity made it difficult to evaluate the stapes, the incudo stapedial articulation, and the facial nerve. Simultaneous abnormalities of inner ear were exceptional (1 case).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High resolution CT is the best method in CAA evaluation and for guiding the planning of the surgical correction.
authors.affiliation: Service de Radiopédiatrie, Hôpital des Enfants Malades, Paris.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lumbroso
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sebag
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Argyropoulou
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Manach
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lallemand
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D018424:Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004424:Ear Canal / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D004429:Ear Ossicles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
vernacular_title: Bilan tomodensitométrique pré-opératoire des aplasies majeures de l'oreille chez l'enfant.