Protective effect of hepatocyte growth factor on interferon-gamma-induced cytotoxicity in mouse hepatocytes.
We examined the interactive effect of several cytokines (interleukin-1 beta [IL-1 beta], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha], interferon gamma [IFN-gamma], IL-6, IFN-alpha/beta, and hepatocyte growth factor [HGF]) presumably involved in hepatitis, on primary cultured murine hepatocytes. Among these cytokines, only IFN-gamma induced LDH release from hepatocytes in both time- and dose-dependent fashions. The cytotoxic effect was inhibited by antiserum-containing anti-mouse IFN-gamma monoclonal antibodies (R4-6A2). Moreover, intriguingly, IFN-gamma induced DNA fragmentation in the hepatocytes in a time- and dose-dependent fashion according to the gel electrophoresis of genomic DNA and flow cytometry analysis. These results suggest that the cytotoxic effect of IFN-gamma on hepatocytes was caused by inductive apoptosis. The LDH release and DNA fragmentation induced by IFN-gamma were inhibited by HGF in a dose-dependent manner, whereas they seemed to be accelerated by TNF-alpha. Flow cytometry analysis of the nuclei of treated hepatocytes confirmed the interactions in DNA degradation. The DNA synthesis of cultured hepatocytes was also reduced by IFN-gamma but recovered by hepatocyte growth factor. Taken together, IFN-gamma is presumed to be a critical cytokine in hepatic damage, and the network composed of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and HGF may play an important role in the regulation of liver injury.
Morita
M
M
Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohoma, Japan.
Watanabe
Y
Y
Akaike
T
T
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D004249:DNA Damage; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000633:toxicity; D013997:Time Factors
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D004247:DNA; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase