Induction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific cytolytic T lymphocyte responses in seronegative adults by a nonreplicating, host-range-restricted canarypox vector (ALVAC) carrying the HIV-1MN env gene.
CD8+ cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) are likely to be an important component of effective vaccines against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). CTL can be induced most effectively with live virus vectors. However, because of concerns about the safety of such vectors, a nonreplicating canarypox vector (ALVAC) capable of expressing foreign genes in mammalian cells has been developed. This study evaluated the capacity of an ALVAC vector expressing the HIV-1MN envelope (env) glycoprotein to induce HIV-1-specific CTL in seronegative volunteers. Protocols were designed to determine whether immunization with ALVAC alone or in combination with subunit boosting could induce CTL in vaccinia-immune and -naive volunteers. A simple method for antigen-specific in vitro stimulation was used to detect CTL responses in HIV-1-seronegative vaccine recipients. The results indicate that low doses of a nonreplicating virus vector alone can elicit both CD4+ and CD8+ HIV-1-specific CTL in a subset of seronegative volunteers.
Egan
M A
MA
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Pavlat
W A
WA
Tartaglia
J
J
Paoletti
E
E
Weinhold
K J
KJ
Clements
M L
ML
Siliciano
R F
RF
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D018150:Avipoxvirus / Q000235:genetics*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D015752:Genes, env; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic