title: Calponin and smooth muscle regulation.
abstract: Calponin has been implicated in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction as a result of its ability to inhibit the actin-activated Mg ATPase of smooth muscle myosin. This inhibitory effect is abolished by phosphorylation of calponin by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II or protein kinase C, and restored following dephosphorylation by a type 2A protein phosphatase. Confocal immunofluorescent images of isolated smooth muscle cells colabeled with antibodies to calponin and actin or to calponin and tropomyosin indicate that calponin is present on thin filaments throughout the cell cytoplasm. Both calponin phosphorylation and myosin light chain phosphorylation increased in intact smooth muscle tissue strips when they contracted in response to carbachol or the phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid. These results support the hypothesis that calponin phosphorylation-dephosphorylation plays a role in regulating smooth muscle contraction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01655, USA.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Carmichael
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Winder
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Kargacin
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002024:Bufo marinus; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015879:Myosin Subfragments / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D013270:Stomach / Q000502:physiology; D000096985:Calponins
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D015879:Myosin Subfragments; D000096985:Calponins