Reconstruction of the STS 14 (Australopithecus africanus) pelvis.
The study reports a reconstruction of the sacrum in STS 14 based on extrapolation from the measurements of the first two sacral vertebrae of STS 14 and of the angle formed by the anterior surfaces of their vertebral bodies. Reconstruction is based on comparisons of, and extrapolation from, sacra of Pan troglodytes, Homo sapiens, and Australopithecus afarensis. The reconstructed sacrum has an anterior sacral curvature of 39 degrees. The two ossa coxae were also completed by mirror imaging of one side by the other. With the pelvis completely reconstructed, the pelvic dimensions for the antero-posterior (AP) diameters of the pelvic inlet, midpelvis, and pelvic outlet are 85, 68, and 69 mm and the corresponding transverse (TR) diameters are 109, 88, and 103 mm, respectively. The posterior sagittal diameters in the three pelvic planes are small compared to the anterior sagittal diameters. This analysis indicates that the STS 14 pelvis is platypelloid in the three pelvic planes; i.e., all the AP diameters are smaller than the corresponding TR diameters. This makes the STS 14 pelvis similar to that of Al 288-1, save for a less pronounced degree of platypelloidy at the inlet in the former.
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Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jamaica Hospital, New York 11418, USA.
D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D015186:Hominidae / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D010163:Paleontology; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography; D012447:Sacrum / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging