title: Effect of particle size on alumina-induced production of reactive oxygen metabolites by human leukocytes.
abstract: To assess the role of crystal size in the biologic response, we quantitated the generation of reactive oxygen metabolites in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) or mononuclear leukocytes (MNs) with a chemiluminescence assay using 6 alpha-alumina preparations with average diameters of 0.6, 0.8, 3.2, 7.5, 28 and 68 microns on the basis of equal weights (1 mg/ml), and also on the basis of surface areas (100 cm2/ml). On an equal weight alumina particles induced PMN chemiluminescence in the following order of magnitude: 3.2 microns > 7.5 microns, 0.8 micron > 0.6 micron > 28 microns, 68 microns. The particulates induced MN chemiluminescence: 3.2 microns > 0.8 micron > 0.6 micron > 7.5 microns > 28 microns, 68 microns. On the basis of identical surface areas, alumina elicited PMN chemiluminescence: 3.2 microns > 7.5 microns, 0.8 micron > 0.6 micron, 28 microns, 68 microns. The particulates induced MN chemiluminescence: 3.2 microns > 0.8 micron > 0.6 micron, 7.5 microns > 28 microns, 68 microns. The maximal effect of particle size on the alumina-induced production of reactive oxygen metabolites by human leukocytes was seen at around 3 microns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagase
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishiya
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D010316:Particle Size; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000537:Aluminum Oxide