title: [Cleft lip and palate: case-control study].
abstract: This study relates to a case-control analysis for the purpose of verifying the association between oral clefts and possible risk factors. The analysed variables were: place of mother's residence (urban/rural), pollution, parental diseases, mother's diseases during the first four months of pregnancy, intake of drugs related to this period, heredity, smoking habits, alcohol consumption and X-ray examinations during pregnancy or X-ray examinations prior to pregnancy. There were 450 cases of clefts of whom 354 had a cleft lip with or without cleft palate and 96 had a cleft palate. The relative risk (RR) for each variable by was estimated points and at a 95% of confidence interval and multivariate analysis was applied. As regards cleft lip with or without cleft palate, the risk factors are heredity (RR = 4.96), epilepsy in the mother (RR = 2.39) and the intake of drugs such as anti-inflammatory substance in the first four months of pregnancy (RR = 2.59). Related to cleft palate, the risk factors are heredity (RR = 2.82) and pollution (RR = 2.58).
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Odontologia Social, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara da Universidade Estadual Paulista Araraquara, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: L de C
authors.initials: Lde C
authors.lastname: Loffredo
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yunes
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Spiri
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
vernacular_title: Fissuras lábio-palatais: estudo caso-controle.