title: Cell-specific activation of the glial-specific JC virus early promoter by large T antigen.
abstract: JC virus causes the human demyelinating disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy by selective infection of glial cells. This cell specificity results from glial-specific expression of viral early genes (large and small T antigens). Analysis of transcriptional regulation by the MH1 JC virus early promoter demonstrates that glial specificity is directed by the basal promoter. Because T antigen regulates the basal region of several viral and cellular promoters, we investigated whether it controls the JC virus basal promoter in a glial-specific manner. A JC virus T antigen expression plasmid generated a 95-kDa protein which exhibited nuclear localization and physical association with p53. T antigen repressed the JC virus and SV40 early promoters 4- to 5-fold in glioma cells. Conversely, T antigen induced 100- to 200-fold activation of the JC virus early promoter in nonglial cells, whereas the SV40 promoter was repressed. Activation required the JC virus TATA box sequence and a pentanucleotide repeat immediately upstream of the TATA box, but was independent of the upstream enhancer region. These data demonstrate that the JC virus basal promoter is responsible for glial-specific gene expression and suggest a mechanism for this regulation.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital-East, Charlestown 02129, USA.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Henson
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Schnitker
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McAllister
mesh_terms: D000952:Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming / Q000502:physiology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D007577:JC Virus / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000821:virology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D000952:Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming; D017931:DNA Primers