title: Effect of out-of-hospital defibrillation by basic life support providers on cardiac arrest mortality: a metaanalysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although some studies demonstrate otherwise, we hypothesized that metaanalysis would demonstrate a reduction in the relative risk of mortality when basic life support (BLS) providers can defibrillate out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Metaanalysis of studies meeting the following criteria: single-tier or two-tier emergency medical service (EMS) system, survival to hospital discharge for patients in ventricular fibrillation, and manual and/or automatic external defibrillators. The alpha error rate was .05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven trials qualified for metaanalysis. Across all trials, the risk of mortality for BLS care with defibrillation versus that without was .915 (P = .0003). Separate subset analyses of single-tier and two-tier EMS systems demonstrated similar results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BLS defibrillation can reduce the relative risk of death for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest victims in ventricular fibrillation. Weaknesses in individual study designs and regional clustering limit the strength of this metaanalysis and conclusion.
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA.
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Auble
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Menegazzi
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Paris
mesh_terms: D004554:Electric Countershock / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000592:standards*; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D012107:Research Design; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000150:complications