title: Molecular epidemiology of Candida isolates from AIDS patients showing different fluconazole resistance profiles.
abstract: Thirty Candida isolates obtained from the oropharynxes of three AIDS patients were genotypically characterized. In vitro fluconazole MIC determination revealed increasing fluconazole resistances during treatment, thereby confirming the in vivo situation. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis karyotyping, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis, and hybridizations with Candida albicans repetitive element 2 were used to determine possible genotypic changes. The isolates from two patients showed genetic homogeneity, suggesting the selection for resistant variants. One patient experienced a strain switch to Candida krusei. Horizontal spread of identical strains between the patients could be excluded. However, the molecular methods used might not be sufficient to detect the underlying genetic basis of resistance to fluconazole.
authors.affiliation: Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Universität Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lischewski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruhnke
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tennagen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schönian
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morschhäuser
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hacker
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000235:genetics; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005260:Female; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D015725:Fluconazole