title: Effect of adjuvants on immunogenicity of MN recombinant glycoprotein 120 in guinea pigs.
abstract: The immunogenicity of recombinant gp120 from the MN strain of HIV-1, a candidate HIV-1 vaccine, was evaluated in guinea pigs using adjuvant formulations with different physical and chemical properties. The adjuvants tested included Freund's adjuvant (FA), alum, and the novel adjuvant QS-21. These studies demonstrated that QS-21 provides a number of advantages compared to the two other adjuvants tested. QS-21 formulations accelerated the production of antibodies to MN rgp120 and elicited complete seroconversion after a single immunization. QS-21 shifted the antigen dose-response curve for antibody production by as much as three orders of magnitude, enabling a more economical use of antigen. Antibody titers to MN rgp120 and to the principal neutralizing determinant in the V3 domain were higher in animals receiving QS-21 formulations than in animals immunized with the other adjuvants, and correlated well with higher virus neutralization titers in an in vitro assay. These results support the testing of QS-21 in future clinical trials of candidate HIV-1 vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Research, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Eastman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vennari
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Weissburg
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wrin
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Kensil
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Newman
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012503:Saponins; C078785:saponin QA-21V1