title: Effect of lipopolysaccharide on thymidine salvage as related to macrophage activation.
abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), known as one of the potent activators of macrophages, has inhibitory effects on the proliferation of normal macrophages and macrophage-like cell lines. We report here that LPS dose- and time-dependently suppressed the tritiated thymidine ([3H]TdR) incorporation into the acid-insoluble fraction with a significant inverse correlation to the tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) production in the J774.1 macrophage cell line. Among the three tested enzymes involved in DNA synthesis, only thymidine kinase (TK) activity decreased progressively in parallel with the decline in [3H]TdR incorporation, reaching 97% inhibition within 12 hr of LPS treatment, while changes in the activities of other two enzymes, DNA polymerase alpha and thymidylate synthase (TS), were less significant. On the other hand, LPS inhibited the cell proliferation only incompletely, as judged by 62% inhibition of cell growth at 36 hr. Even in the experiments done in a TdR-free medium, cell growth was inhibited by LPS to the same extent, suggesting that TK was not directly involved in the proliferation of J774 cells. LPS also inhibited the conversion of TdR to thymidine monophosphate (TMP) in murine peritoneal exudate macrophages (PEM). Thus LPS-induced suppression of TdR salvage related to TNF production is common in both normal and neoplastic macrophages, and therefore may be of potential importance in the process of macrophage activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Shimmane Medical University, Izumo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanigawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D004257:DNA Polymerase II / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000166:cytology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010537:Peritoneum; D010766:Phosphorylation; D013936:Thymidine / Q000378:metabolism*; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D013938:Thymidine Monophosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D013938:Thymidine Monophosphate; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase; D013937:Thymidine Kinase; D004257:DNA Polymerase II; D013936:Thymidine