title: Cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of Kevlar: an in vitro evaluation.
abstract: Toxicity and mutagenicity of Kevlar 49 (PPPT; poly-para-phenylene-terephthalamide) was tested in six strains of Salmonella typhimurium (Ames test; TA97, TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535, TA1537) with and without an external metabolic activation system (S9), as well as in a mammalian cell mutagenesis assay using V79 Chinese hamster cells. For the Ames test, liquid preincubation, which is considered particularly sensitive, was used. The cells were incubated for 24 h at a temperature of 37 degrees C either directly with Kevlar49 or with ethanol- or chloroform-extracted Kevlar49. The experiments were performed at least twice. The Ames test with six different Salmonella typhimurium strains featuring either base pair substitution or frameshift mutations revealed no cytotoxic or mutagenic activity of Kevlar49. In the mammalian cell mutagenesis assay, using 8-azaguanine (AG) as a selective agent, Kevlar49 was also devoid of cytotoxic or mutagenic activity. Both tests have to be regarded as an initial exploratory screening due to the chosen testing conditions and should be supplemented by tests at different temperatures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Hamburg, Medical School, Germany.
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Wening
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Marquardt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katzer
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jungbluth
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Marquardt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001375:Azaguanine / Q000633:toxicity; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D001711:Biotransformation; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology; D008297:Male; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D011108:Polymers / Q000633:toxicity*; D012015:Reference Standards; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D009153:Mutagens; D011108:Polymers; C058852:Kevlar 49; D001375:Azaguanine