title: Evaluation of osseointegration of endosseous implants in radiated, vascularized fibula flaps to the mandible: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study clinically evaluated the osseointegration of implants placed into vascularized fibula flaps used in mandibular reconstruction of cancer patients following radiation treatment and subsequent hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five head and neck cancer patients had mandibular resection and immediate reconstruction with a vascularized fibula flap. Subsequent therapy included greater than 50 Gy of radiation to the fibula flap over a 6 to 8-week period. Two to 6 weeks following radiation therapy each patient received 20 90-minute daily sessions of HBO at 2.4 atmosphere pressure. Stage 1 implant surgery was performed placing two to six implants (15 mm in length and 3.75 to 4.0 mm in width) into each fibula flap. This was followed by 10 postoperative HBO sessions using the previously mentioned protocol. The stage 2 procedure was performed 6 months after the stage 1 procedure. Osseointegration was assessed clinically using manual force and an electronic device at the time the implants were uncovered and monthly over a 6-month period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 20 implants placed in the fibula flaps were osseointegrated clinically at the time the implants were uncovered and during the 6-month follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this pilot study, mandibular reconstruction with a vascularized fibula flap and endosseous osseointegrated implants, following radiation of the fibula, was successful. It was concluded that factors such as the graft having its own blood supply and the use of HBO contributed to the successful osseointegration of these implants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia 19104-6003, USA.
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Barber
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Seckinger
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hayden
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Weinstein
mesh_terms: D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods* / Q000473:pathology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005360:Fibula; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation; D008334:Mandible / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000601:surgery*; D008339:Mandibular Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D016348:Osseointegration; D010865:Pilot Projects; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000379:methods* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants