title: The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and the development of therapeutic strategies for the clinical investigation of biologics.
abstract: This review discusses current concepts of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. It is proposed that RA is a T cell mediated disease following which a large number of subsequent inflammatory events are unleashed. Many of the pathogenetic steps are targets for new therapies including biologics. Laboratory, clinical and radiological methods of assessing disease activity are sufficiently sensitive and reproducible to permit their use in multicentre studies capable of detecting a biologic with disease modifying activity. The clinical assessment of the efficacy and toxicity of biologics poses unique problems. These have been illustrated by the example of 3 monoclonal antibodies directed against ICAM-1, CD4 and TNF alpha. The main role of most biologics may be to pinpoint important therapeutic targets which can be attacked by more easily administered and less costly xenobiotic drugs.
authors.affiliation: Arthritis and Rheumatism Council, Guy's Hospital, London, England.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Panayi
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases; D001688:Biological Products / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001688:Biological Products; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1