title: Co-expression of native and introduced genes reveals cryptic regulation of HMG CoA reductase expression in Arabidopsis.
abstract: In eukaryotes, all isoprenoid compounds share a common precursor, mevalonic acid, whose synthesis is catalyzed by the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase. As one step towards a better understanding of the role that this enzyme plays in coordinating isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants, Arabidopsis thaliana HMG CoA reductase was ectopically expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. By using this molecular genetic approach, several novel and fundamental observations have been made regarding isoprenoid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. First, it was demonstrated that the overexpression of authentic Arabidopsis HMG CoA reductase is not sufficient to alter the bulk synthesis and accumulation of the abundant end products of the plant isoprenoid pathway. Second, active transcription of the transgene appears to co-activate and deregulate expression of the native gene, resulting in a striking elevation of HMG CoA reductase mRNA levels. Finally, although very high levels of HMG CoA reductase mRNA were expressed in these transgenic plants, only modest increases in enzyme activity could be detected. Taken together, these data suggest that HMG CoA reductase expression is regulated at multiple levels in plants as well as animals, and they provide a foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanisms for mevalonate regulation in A. thaliana.
authors.affiliation: Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Re
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Learned
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D045782:Hemiterpenes; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008798:Mevalonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D045782:Hemiterpenes; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018749:RNA, Plant; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C004809:isopentenyl pyrophosphate; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D008798:Mevalonic Acid