title: Screening for diabetic retinopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify factors associated with a high risk of diabetic retinopathy in order to rank patients for urgency of examination by fundal photography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight hundred and eighty-eight consecutive diabetic patients who were routinely referred for mydriatic fundal photography to the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, between August 1987 and May 1992.
  
  
  METHODS
  The prevalence of non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy and patient biochemical and demographic characteristics and urinary albumin excretion rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalences of nonproliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy were 18.1% and 2.4%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis established that treatment with insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs was associated with the highest risk of diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio [OR], 14.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.4-63.2), while duration of diabetes > or = 7 years (OR, 3.6; CI, 1.9-6.8), age 50-66 years (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1-4.0) and albumin excretion rate > or = 21 micrograms/min (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1-4.5) were also significant risk factors. Non-significant variables were hypertension, obesity and sex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetic patients may be ranked for urgency of retinal photographic screening based on mode of treatment and duration of diabetes, thereby facilitating examination of patients at highest risk of asymptomatic diabetic retinopathy and increasing the efficiency of the screening program.
authors.affiliation: Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Phillipov
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alimat
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Drew
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000209:etiology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin