title: Short course of ofloxacin for treatment of multidrug-resistant typhoid.
abstract: In recent years, multiresistant strains of Salmonella typhi have emerged in many tropical countries. These strains remain highly sensitive to the fluoroquinolone antibiotics, although use of these drugs by children is considered contraindicated because of their reported toxicity in the cartilage of experimental animals. In a paired, open, randomized study during an epidemic of multidrug-resistant typhoid in southern Vietnam, two short-course ofloxacin regimens (15 mg/kg daily for 3 days and 10 mg/kg daily for 5 days) were compared for the treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever. Of 438 patients enrolled (of whom 286 were < or = 14 years old), 228 had blood cultures positive for Salmonella species (S. typhi, 207; S. paratyphi A, 19; and S. choleraesuis, 2). There was one treatment failure in a patient who took only one dose of ofloxacin. Otherwise, both regimens were completely effective; there were no proven carriers, and there was no evidence of toxicity, particularly in children. A 3-day course of ofloxacin proved to be safe and highly effective in the treatment of uncomplicated, multidrug-resistant typhoid fever.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Tropical Diseases, Cho Quan Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Bethell
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wain
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: To
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bui
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Walsh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D015242:Ofloxacin