title: In vivo and in vitro effects of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) on bronchoalveolar macrophages for antihistoplasmal activity.
abstract: The in vivo and in vitro effects of M-CSF on bronchoalveolar macrophages (BAM) activity against the intracellular fungal pathogen Histoplasma capsulatum (Hc) were studied. Three days after a single subcutaneous (s.c.) dose of M-CSF (2.5 mg/kg), enhanced ex vivo antifungal activity of BAM was measured. BAM from M-CSF-treated CD-1 mice significantly (P < 0.01) inhibited the intracellular multiplication of Hc yeast cells in 20 h assays compared to BAM from control mice. This effect was not observed at days 1, 7, 11 or 21 post-treatment. A dose of 5 mg/kg s.c., but not 1 mg/kg, induced similar antifungal activity in BAM by day 3. Peritoneal macrophages (PM) from M-CSF-treated mice did not have enhanced antifungal activity at days and doses tested. BAM could also be activated for antihistoplasmal activity by M-CSF in vitro. M-CSF at 10,000 U/ml for 24 h or 5000 U/ml for 48 h induced significant (P < 0.01) inhibition of intracellular multiplication of Hc. Interferon-gamma (IFN) plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activated BAM and PM in vitro to inhibit intracellular multiplication of Hc (P < 0.001); the antihistoplasmal activity was completely inhibited by NG-monomethyl L-arginine (N-MMA), indicating that an L-arginine-dependent nitric oxide-producing mechanism was operative. N-MMA could not inhibit the antihistoplasmal activity of BAM or PM activated by M-CSF in vitro. The mechanism by which M-CSF-activated macrophages inhibit intracellular multiplication of Hc remains to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA 95128, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khemani
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brummer
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Stevens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000908:Antibodies, Fungal / Q000097:blood*; D006658:Histoplasma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D000908:Antibodies, Fungal; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor