title: Integrated treatment of panic disorder.
abstract: Epidemiological studies suggest that about 3.5% of the adult United States population meet criteria for panic disorder, and that an additional 2-5% suffer from agoraphobia with or without panic. Both biological and behavioral models have been proposed to elucidate the nature of this disorder. The authors review research findings regarding these models, as well as pharmacological and cognitive-behavioral treatment approaches. The complexity of factors contributing to the disorder suggests the need for an integrated treatment approach involving considerations of combination drug therapy and psychosocial interventions.
authors.affiliation: Outpatient Psychiatry Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114-3139, USA.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Rosenbaum
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Pollock
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Pollack
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000379:Agoraphobia / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors