title: What's new in stroke?
abstract: More than 30,000 strokes occur each year in Texas, even though most strokes can be prevented by currently available and well-tolerated therapies. Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin or ticlopidine reduces stroke by about 25% in many patients with transient ischemic attack or initial stroke. Warfarin should not be used routinely for primary cerebrovascular disease but is useful to prevent cardioembolic stroke. Carotid endarterectomy is highly beneficial for patients with symptomatic, high-grade carotid stenosis, but its value for lesser degrees of symptomatic carotid plaque and for asymptomatic stenosis is less clear. Patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation have a substantial risk for stroke; most should be treated with warfarin. Risk-factor management (eg, control of hypertension, cessation of smoking, and treatment of hyperlipidemia) is as important as antithrombotic or surgical therapies for most patients with threatened stroke. Treating isolated systolic hypertension in elderly patients reduces stroke risk. Determining the cause of threatened stroke strongly influences preventive management. The tools are at hand to prevent most strokes; the challenge remains to apply them optimally.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, USA.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rohack
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Solomon
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Feinberg
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000465:Algorithms; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D001241:Aspirin