title: Morphological factors influencing transepithelial conductance in a rabbit model of ileitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Infection of rabbits with coccidia (Eimeria magna) causes chronic ileal inflammation and diarrhea. Inflamed ileum also shows decreased transmural conductance. The aim of this study was to characterize morphological factors known to affect paracellular permeability that may alter transmural conductance in inflamed ileum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ileal mucosa was mounted in Ussing chambers for study of [3H]mannitol and [3H]inulin fluxes. Light and electron microscopy were used for morphometric studies. Alterations in the zonula occludens of epithelial cells were evaluated in freeze-fracture replicas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inflamed ileum showed diminished paracellular fluxes. Inoculated rabbits showed marked lymphoplasmocytic infiltration and villus blunting in ileum. Villus linear junctional density was unaffected. However, total villus apical surface area per square centimeter of tissue was reduced in inflamed ileum, causing a diminished total villus linear junctional pathway per square centimeter of apical surface. Villus zonula occludens strand number was reduced in inflamed ileum, whereas the frequency of both villus and crypt lateral surface extrajunctional strands increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic inflammation exerts a profound effect on ileal paracellular permeability. Morphological data suggest that this effect may be caused in part by alterations in inflamed ileal mucosal structure and tight junctional organization and density, particularly on villi.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Hyun
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Shinowara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Palaia
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Fallick
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Martello
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mueenuddin
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Donovan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Teichberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005614:Freeze Fracturing; D007079:Ileitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007082:Ileum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007365:Intercellular Junctions / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007444:Inulin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D008353:Mannitol; D007444:Inulin