title: Adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy on the recurrence rate and survival of patients after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Historically, liver transplantation for HCC has yielded poor long-term survival. Multimodality therapy has been initiated in an effort to improve survival statistics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five patients were placed on 6 months of intravenous fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and cisplatin after OLT. Risk factors, recurrence rates, and survival rates were analyzed and compared with historic controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall long-term survival in the protocol patients was 46% at 3 years, improved over our historic controls of 5.8% at 3 years (p = 0.0001). Overall recurrence rate was 20% (n = 4). Possible risk factors, such as tumor size, vascular invasion, multifocality, capsular invasion, and tumor differentiation, were not found to be significantly predictive of survival. Three patients with long-term, disease-free survival had tumors > 5 cm. Side effects from chemotherapy were common, but rarely severe.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that adjuvant chemotherapy after transplantation for HCC can provide long-term cure and may improve survival, even in patients with stage III and IV disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, UCLA School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Olthoff
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Rosove
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Shackleton
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Imagawa
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Farmer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Northcross
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Pakrasi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shaked
mesh_terms: D000206:Actuarial Analysis; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D004317:Doxorubicin; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil