title: Further study of genetic interactions: loss of short arm material in patients with ring chromosome 4 changes developmental pattern of del(4)(q33).
abstract: Segment 4q33 is not considered a probable location of a gene related with limb deficiency by Roberts and Tabin [Am J Hum Genet 55:1-6, 1994]; however, the occurrence of ectrodactyly or its equivalents in at least 9 published cases of monosomy 4q33 suggests probable location of one of these genes in that region. Ulnar ray defects and/or ectrodactyly were the prevailing forms. An additional loss of the tip of 4p in patients with ring chromosome 4 leads to a change of limb deficiency type: 8 of 9 patients with r(4) and limb deficiency had radial ray defects. Therefore, interactions between a proposed 1/2 dose "ectrodactyly" gene on 4q33 and some 1/2 dosage genes on distal 4p (or disturbed cellular homeostasis due to a ring chromosome 4) can change the developmental pattern of limb deficiency. Possible mechanisms and significance of the phenomenon are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA.
authors.forename: I W
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Lurie
mesh_terms: D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002894:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4 / Q000235:genetics*; D005385:Fingers / Q000002:abnormalities; D006801:Humans; D011884:Radius / Q000002:abnormalities*; D012303:Ring Chromosomes; D013933:Thumb / Q000002:abnormalities; D014457:Ulna / Q000002:abnormalities*