title: Identification of ABO alleles on forensic-type specimens using rapid-ABO genotyping.
abstract: Historically, forensic and clinical laboratories utilize serological techniques to identify ABO blood types. These techniques rely on the detection of ABO-associated proteins and are sensitive with very accurate results. This laboratory has simplified the identification of ABO types by taking advantage of previously reported ABO DNA sequence differences. The Rapid-ABO technique involves a two-step process: (i) amplification of DNA samples using primer sets specific for the ABO alleles and (ii) electrophoresis and visualization of amplified ABO fragments on a 3% MetaPhor agarose gel. The major advantage of the Rapid-ABO technique is the identification of ABO genotypes compared to serological tests for ABO phenotypes. This two-step process identifies six possible ABO genotypes including AB, AA, BB, AO, BO and OO. The Rapid-ABO protocol works well with DNA extracted organically or using Chelex 100. Results can be obtained in less than a day utilizing 2 ng of DNA in the amplification reaction. Analysis of 23 animal species shows the Rapid-ABO primers amplify ABO alleles from only human, chimpanzee and gorilla DNA.
authors.affiliation: Palm Beach County Sheriff's Office Crime Laboratory, FL, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Crouse
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vincek
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001788:Blood Grouping and Crossmatching / Q000379:methods*; D001801:Blood Stains; D017931:DNA Primers; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D017931:DNA Primers