title: In situ degradation and absorption of [15N]urea in chicken ceca.
abstract: [15N]Urea was introduced (in situ) into a ligated cecal pouch of chickens to determine if it is degraded therein and absorbed into the blood as ammonia during the following 60 min. A mean of 49% of the introduced urea-15N was recovered from the blood of the mesenteric vein draining the cecal pouch and 26% was recovered from the cecal lumen fluid. Of the urea-15N introduced into the pouch, 4%, 2%, 15% and 5% were detected as urea, ammonia and non-protein fractions, except urea and ammonia, and proteins in the lumen fluid, respectively. Non-protein-15N, except urea and ammonia, protein-15N, urea-15N and ammonia-15N values recovered in the cecal venous blood were 10%, 19%, 18% and 2% of the introduced 15N, respectively. Urea concentration in the cecal venous blood increased from 0.71 mg to 3.13 mg per 100 ml for the first 15 min after introduction of urea-15N (P < 0.01) then decreased until 60 min. No significant change was found in blood ammonia concentration, however, despite a small increase during the period 15-45 min after urea-15N introduction. Ammonia-15N increased in the caecal venous blood for the first 30 min then decreased to a plateau level of 43% of the peak level. The rates of increase of urea-15N and non-protein-15N concentrations attained maxima in the blood as early as 15 min, then decreased linearly (P < 0.05). It is concluded that, although urea is actively degraded to ammonia in the ceca, it is mostly absorbed from the ceca, not in the form of ammonia, but as protein, urea and amino acids.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano-Ken, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Karasawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maeda
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption / Q000502:physiology; D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002432:Cecum / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism*; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D009590:Nitrogen Radioisotopes / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D009590:Nitrogen Radioisotopes; D011506:Proteins; D000641:Ammonia; D014508:Urea