title: Pediatric spigelian hernia: reports of three cases.
abstract: We herein report three pediatric cases of spigelian hernia involving a 6-month-old girl, an 8-month-old girl, and a 3-year-old boy. This is a rare condition with only 20 children (12 boys and 8 girls) younger than 15 years of age previously reported in the literature. Their ages ranged from 6 days to 15 years. The hernia was situated on the right side in six cases, on the left side in nine, and was bilateral in four (with one case unreported). Among these, four cases were caused by trauma and one case by a postoperative complication. Our first and third cases were spontaneous, while the second case was a postoperative lateral ventral hernia. The first and second cases were associated with ipsilateral mediastinal neuroblastoma. No previous report of spigelian hernia has been associated with mediastinal neuroblastoma. We suspected that muscle atrophy caused by the neuropathy of the ninth to twelfth intercostal nerves may have been the cause of the hernia. These two cases are thus believed to be the first such cases to be reported.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Komura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shima
mesh_terms: D000007:Abdominal Injuries / Q000150:complications; D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006555:Hernia, Ventral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications