title: Activation of human hippocampal formation during memory for faces: a PET study.
abstract: Using positron emission tomography, we examined cerebral blood flow changes in human subjects whilst engaged in the visual processing of face stimuli. A task requiring anterograde memory of faces was compared with a control task involving simple gender classification--considered an automatic process that did not require any significant memory component. A second task requiring recognition of famous politicians' faces, and therefore involving long-term "semantic" memory, was also contrasted with the control task. To identify brain regions associated with primary visual processing of the face we compared all tasks against a control population scanned with eyes closed. Our results indicate--(1) The involvement of bilateral lingual/fusiform gyri and the right parahippocampal gyrus in addition to striate cortex in primary visual processing of the face; (2) the involvement of the left hippocampal gyrus in both types of memory; (3) a relative decrease in local cerebral blood flow in the inferior parietal lobules in long-term "semantic" memory. In addition, both memory tasks resulted in a suppression of cerebral blood flow in the left superior temporal cortex. We conclude that right hippocampal regions are involved in a largely automatic, primary processing of faces, while left hippocampal regions are additionally involved when explicit memory for faces is required.
authors.affiliation: Wessex Neurological Centre, Southampton.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kapur
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Friston
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Frith
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Frackowiak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D005145:Face; D005556:Form Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012737:Sex Factors; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed