Dapsone-induced neutropenia in patients treated for ocular cicatricial pemphigoid.
BACKGROUND
Dapsone is used widely in treating ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, leprosy, and dermatologic disorders. Hemolysis is a well-known complication of dapsone therapy. Rarely, neutropenia or agranulocytosis may occur, resulting in up to a 50% mortality rate. To the authors' knowledge, agranulocytosis has not been reported in patients treated with dapsone for ocular cicatricial pemphigoid.


METHODS
The authors report two cases of dapsone-induced neutropenia with bone marrow suppression in patients with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid.


RESULTS
Neutropenia was detected on routine laboratory examination 8 and 10 weeks after initiating dapsone therapy. Bone marrow biopsy showed acellular or hypocellular marrow. Leukocyte count returned to baseline value after cessation of dapsone.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid who were treated with dapsone are at increased risk for agranulocytosis. Dapsone-induced neutropenia may not be a dose-dependent phenomenon. The authors indicate that there is a need for routine monitoring of leukocyte counts, especially 8 to 10 weeks after initiating therapy. Signs or symptoms of infection require immediate investigation.
Raizman
M B
MB
New England Eye Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111.
Fay
A M
AM
Weiss
J S
JS
D000368:Aged; D003622:Dapsone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D010390:Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013997:Time Factors
D003622:Dapsone