title: Effects of selenium supplementation on thyroid hormone metabolism in phenylketonuria subjects on a phenylalanine restricted diet.
abstract: Type I 5'-deiodinase was recently characterized as a selenocysteine-containing enzyme in humans and other mammals. Up to now, the effect of selenium (Se) supplementation on thyroid hormone metabolism in humans has only been reported in the very peculiar nutritional environment of Central Africa, where combined severe iodine and Se deficiency occurs. In this study, a group of phenylketonuria subjects with a low selenium status, but a normal iodine intake were supplemented with selenium to investigate changes in their thyroid hormone metabolism. After 3 wk of selenium supplementation (1 microgram/kg/d), both the concentrations of the prohormone thyroxine (T4) and the metabolic inactive reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) decreased significantly. Clinically, the phenylketonuria subjects remained euthyroid before and after selenium supplementation. The individual changes of plasma Se and glutathione peroxidase activity were closely associated with individual changes of plasma T4 and rT3.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calomme
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vanderpas
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: François
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van Caillie-Bertrand
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vanovervelt
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Van Hoorebeke
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vanden Berghe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals; D010649:Phenylalanine; D010661:Phenylketonurias / Q000097:blood* / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D012643:Selenium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood*; D013975:Thyroxine-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood*; D014285:Triiodothyronine, Reverse / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D013975:Thyroxine-Binding Proteins; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D010649:Phenylalanine; D014285:Triiodothyronine, Reverse; D013972:Thyrotropin; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D012643:Selenium; D013974:Thyroxine