title: Growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), insulin, clonidine and arginine after GHRH pretreatment in obese children: evidence of somatostatin increase?
abstract: To clarify the possible neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying the impairment in growth hormone (GH) secretion present in obesity, the GH response to GH-releasing hormone (GHRH, N = 6), insulin hypoglycemia (N = 6), clonidine (N = 7) and arginine (N = 8) after GHRH pretreatment (1 microgram/kg iv 2 h before the tests) was evaluated in 27 obese peripubertal children and in a group of normal-weight short-normal children (N = 26). Growth hormone-releasing hormone pretreatment and all further stimuli elicited a statistically significant GH response in both obese and short-normal children; in the latter group arginine did not induce a significant GH response. No differences were found among the GH responses after the second stimuli in obese children, while in short-normal children the arginine peak and area values were lower than after GHRH and clonidine. Comparison between the two groups showed similar baseline but higher stimulated GH levels in normal-weight children after all tests except arginine, after which no difference was present. In conclusion, the neuroregulation of GH release seems to be similar qualitatively in normal-weight and obese youngsters; the different behavior observed after arginine, which is supposed to act through somatostatin inhibition, might be due to a chronic increase in somatostatinergic tone responsible for the lower stimulated GH levels in obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Volta
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bernasconi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Iughetti
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ghizzoni
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cozzini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001120:Arginine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D013004:Somatostatin; D013006:Growth Hormone; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; D001120:Arginine; D003000:Clonidine