title: A controlled assessment of the in vitro fertilization performance of British women of Indian origin compared with white women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the reproductive performance of Indian versus white women in IVF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled comparative clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vitro fertilization center based in university department in large tertiary level hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Results from first IVF treatment cycles in 44 Indian patients were compared with results from 88 white patients, matched by age and body mass index, over the same treatment year. The patients were selected from a prospectively collected IVF databank.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standard luteal-phase start long GnRH analogue regime. Ovarian stimulation with FSH and hMG. Transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte recovery. In vitro fertilization and ET following established protocols.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rates of abandoned cycles, egg retrievals, ETs, clinical pregnancies, miscarriages, and live births were compared in the first IVF treatment cycle. Cumulative pregnancy rates (PRs) over three cycles in the two groups of patients were also compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  More cycles were abandoned in the Indian than in the white group: 22.7% versus 9.1%. The Indian live birth rate per cycle was worse: 9.1% versus 22.7%. The performance of the two groups was otherwise similar: ovarian stimulation with hMG and FSH required 26.0 required 26.0 ampules in the Indian group versus 24.6 ampules in the white group, mean number of follicles on the day of egg retrieval 8.7 versus 8.7, mean number of eggs 5.9 versus 5.8, fertilization rate 82.4% versus 82.5%; ET rate 73.5% versus 82.5, mean number of embryos transferred 2.1 versus 1.8, and clinical PR per cycle started 18.2% versus 27.3%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under the same IVF regime, Indians performed worse than whites at the stage of ovarian stimulation (higher rate of abandoned cycles for poor response) and in live birth rate. Cumulative conception and live birth rates also tended to be worse in Indians than in whites.
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oxford Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mahmud
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López Bernal
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yudkin
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ledger
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Barlow
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001723:Birth Rate; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D011247:Pregnancy; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000208:ethnology; D044465:White People