title: Progesterone synthesis and myelin formation by Schwann cells.
abstract: Progesterone is shown here to be produced from pregnenolone by Schwann cells in peripheral nerves. After cryolesion of the sciatic nerve in male mice, axons regenerate and become myelinated. Blocking either the local synthesis or the receptor-mediated action of progesterone impaired remyelination. Administration of progesterone or its precursor, pregnenolone, to the lesion site increased the extent of myelin sheath formation. Myelination of axons was also increased when progesterone was added to cultures of rat dorsal root ganglia. These observations indicate a role for locally produced progesterone in myelination, demonstrate that progesterone is not simply a sex steroid, and suggest a new therapeutic approach to promote myelin repair.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Neurobiologie du Développement, Université Bordeaux I, Talence, France.
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Koenig
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ferzaz
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Thi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ressouches
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guennoun
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jung-Testas
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Robel
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akwa
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Baulieu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D015735:Mifepristone / Q000494:pharmacology; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D011284:Pregnenolone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D011374:Progesterone / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013196:Dihydrotestosterone; D015735:Mifepristone; D011374:Progesterone; D011284:Pregnenolone; C009954:trilostane