title: Immediate changes in subcellular structures of transplanted tumors following photodynamic and laser hyperthermic therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To further understand the precise process of the tumor cell degeneration after photodynamic therapy (PDT), laser hyperthermic therapy (LH), and combined treatments using an Nd:YAG laser. It is important to examine initial morphological alteration of tumor cells after these treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, nude mice bearing HeLa cell tumors were treated with PDT, LH, and combined treatments of the two. Tumor tissues obtained immediately after these treatments were analyzed using electron microscopy and morphometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the combined treatments, which produced more severe effects on tumor cells, morphological features of apoptosis such as cytoplasmic condensation, blebs, and apoptotic bodies appeared in the cells, although the typical alteration in the nuclear chromatin was not seen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cytoplasmic alterations may proceed more rapidly than nuclear alterations in the cellular degeneration induced by the single or combined treatments of PDT and LH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hotta
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kashimura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakahara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukutomi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Osuga
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D053685:Laser Therapy; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy* / Q000648:ultrastructure