title: The biology of deception: emotion and morphine.
abstract: The biology of deception suggests that denial-like processes are at the core of the cognitive coping. In this regard, with cognitive ability, one associates or assumes that this process occurs by way of a 'rational' mind. Such a detailed cognitive process as being rational would also lead, counter intuitively, to inactivity and or major delays in conclusion reaching. Thus, our perceived rationality may also be a deceptive behavioral response. Of equal noteworthyness, man is also 'emotional'. We surmise that emotion represents the pre-cognitive short-cut to overcome this potential for excessive rationality. In this light, we may explain certain psychiatric disorders such as obsessive-compulsive behavior as emotional extremes dealing with cognitive habits used to bind anxiety operating most probably at the pre-cognitive level. Given recent discoveries in neuroimmunology and an understanding of naturally occurring morphine as both an immune and neurological down-regulatory substance we hypothesize that abnormalities associated with emotional extremes may be due, in part, to morphinergic imbalances.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Institute, State University of New York at Old Westbury 11568, USA.
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Stefano
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Fricchione
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000378:metabolism*; D008192:Deception; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009020:Morphine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009020:Morphine