title: Laparoscopic evaluation of indeterminate renal cysts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic evaluation of indeterminate renal cysts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients with indeterminate renal cysts (5 Bosniak type II and 5 Bosniak type III) underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic aspiration of cyst fluid for cytologic analysis with examination, biopsy, and excision of the cyst wall and base.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All procedures were successful and without complications. All the lesions were benign.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic evaluation of indeterminate renal cysts is safe and effective. The procedure alleviates patient anxiety about the nature of the lesion and obviates years of radiologic surveillance, thus reducing costs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Southern California, Permanente Medical Group, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Bellman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaswick
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D052177:Kidney Diseases, Cystic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged