title: Hyperventilation reverses the nitrous oxide-induced increase in cerebral blood flow velocity in human volunteers.
abstract: Because hypocapnia is routine during general anaesthesia for intracranial procedures, we have compared, in 13 healthy volunteers, the effect of normocapnia (PE'CO2 5.3 kPa) and hypocapnia (PE'CO2 3.3 kPa) on mean blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (Vmca) during normoventilation and hyperventilation with air and with 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen. After replacement of air with 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen, there was an increase in mean Vmca during normoventilation (air: mean 68.23 (SD 16.98) cm s-1 vs nitrous oxide in oxygen: 90.69 (20.41) cm s-1; P < 0.01), whereas during hyperventilation mean Vmca values were similar regardless of the inhaled gas mixture (air: 43.46 (9.97) cm s-1 vs nitrous oxide in oxygen: 41.69 (8.08) cm s-1. Our data suggest that the nitrous oxide-induced increase in mean Vmca can be blocked by hyperventilation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hörmann
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmidauer
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Haring
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schalow
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seiwald
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benzer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002536:Cerebral Arteries; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006985:Hyperventilation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009609:Nitrous Oxide