title: Immunocytochemical detection of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in infiltrating tumor cells in the cerebrospinal fluid from five patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis.
abstract: We studied the immunoreactivity for tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cell smears from five patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC). Immunostained TNF-alpha-positive tumor cells had brownish deposits in the cytoplasm, but no deposits were observed in the nucleus. The intensity of the TNF-alpha staining was greater in these tumor cells than in macrophages from patients with inflammatory diseases. Approximately 27-72% of the tumor cells were found to be TNF-alpha immunoreactive in all five samples from the patient with LC. These results suggest that the large amount of TNF-alpha produced by infiltrating tumor cells may play an important role in the development of the tumor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Onodera
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimazaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tobita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Itoyama
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D008578:Meninges / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000473:pathology; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha