title: A pre-start checkpoint preventing mitosis in fission yeast acts independently of p34cdc2 tyrosine phosphorylation.
abstract: We have monitored the tyrosine (Y15) phosphorylated and dephosphorylated forms of p34cdc2 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe as cells proceed through the cell cycle. Y15 is dephosphorylated in G1 before start and becomes phosphorylated only after cells pass start and enter late G1. This transition is associated with a switch from one checkpoint which restrains mitosis in pre-start G1, by a mechanism independent from Y15 phosphorylation, to a second checkpoint acting post-start during late G1 and S phase operating through Y15 phosphorylation. The pre-start checkpoint may act by preventing formation of the p34cdc2/p56cdc13 complex. The complex between Y15-phosphorylated p34cdc2 and p56cdc13 accumulates during S phase and G2, but the level generated is not solely dependent on the amount of p34cdc2 and p56cdc13 present in the cell. The extent of p56cdc13 breakdown at the end of mitosis may be determined by the amount complexed with p34cdc2. We have also shown that an insoluble form of p34cdc2 is associated with the progression of the cell through late G1 into S phase.
authors.affiliation: ICRF Cell Cycle Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hayles
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nurse
mesh_terms: D000908:Antibodies, Fungal; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D002458:Cell Fractionation; D019926:Cyclin B; D016213:Cyclins / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000502:physiology; D008938:Mitosis / Q000502:physiology*; D009154:Mutation / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D012995:Solubility; D013696:Temperature; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000908:Antibodies, Fungal; D019926:Cyclin B; D016213:Cyclins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D014443:Tyrosine; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase