title: Ethanol as a xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor.
abstract: In the present study, we investigated whether ethanol inhibits the activity of xanthine dehydrogenase. Ethanol and/or inosine were administered to normal subjects, and plasma concentration and urinary excretion of purine bases were measured together with blood concentrations of lactic acid and pyruvic acid. In addition, ethanol and pyrazinamide were administered to these subjects, and plasma concentration and urinary excretion of pyrazinamide and its major metabolites were measured. Increases in plasma concentration and urinary excretion of xanthine induced by a combination of ethanol and inosine were greater than the sums of increases induced separately by ethanol and inosine, although increases in plasma concentration and urinary excretion of uric acid induced by the combination of ethanol and inosine were not different from the sums of increases induced separately by ethanol and inosine. Ethanol increased the ratio of blood lactic acid to blood pyruvic acid and decreased plasma concentration and urinary excretion of 5-hydroxypyrazinamide and 5-hydroxypyrazinoic acid. These results suggest that ethanol inhibits xanthine dehydrogenase presumably by an ethanol-induced increase in the cytosolic concentration of NADH in the liver.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Moriwaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higashino
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000097:blood; D019342:Acetic Acid; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007288:Inosine / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011687:Purines / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D011718:Pyrazinamide / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D011773:Pyruvates / Q000097:blood; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D011687:Purines; D011773:Pyruvates; D011718:Pyrazinamide; D000431:Ethanol; D007288:Inosine; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase; D019342:Acetic Acid