title: Determination and confirmation of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate in royal jelly and other foods produced by the honey bee.
abstract: Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate (methyl paraben) in foods produced by the Honey Bee was determined by HPLC and confirmed by GC-MS. The compound was detected at a mean concentration of 22.3 +/- 6.8 mg/kg (between 14.2 and 31.9 mg/kg) in commercial royal jelly, but was not detected in honey, propolis or pollen lumps at the detection limit of 1 mg/kg. Fresh royal jelly collected from apiaries contained methyl p-hydroxybenzoate at a concentration of 20.3 +/- 4.7 mg/kg (between 12.5 and 31.7 mg/kg). These results indicate that the methyl p-hydroxybenzoate in royal jelly is not added but is a natural component.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishiwata
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hosagai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ushiama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006722:Honey / Q000032:analysis*; D010226:Parabens / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D010226:Parabens; C015358:methylparaben