title: Early treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage after preventing rerupture of an aneurysm.
abstract: Twelve patients with Hunt and Hess neurological Grades III to V underwent thrombosis of aneurysms using cellulose acetate polymer within 23 hours of aneurysm rupture. On computerized tomography (CT), nine of these patients had difuse or localized thick subarachnoid blood clots, two had diffuse thin clots and one had intraventricular clots. Immediately after thrombosis, all patients were administered tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) through spinal or ventricular catheters. The pressure of the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid was maintained at 100 to 150 mm H2O. The TPA was given as multiple injections of 2 mg on Day 0 and 1 to 2 mg on the following 1 to 2 days. In two patients the second injection of TPA was not given because of severe brain damage resulting from the initial subarachnoid hemorrhage. Ten patients showed complete clearance of the cisternal clot on CT within 72 hours after thrombosis. Seven partially thrombosed aneurysms and five multiple aneurysms were clipped during delayed surgery. Only one patient experienced mild vasospasm as shown on the follow-up angiogram. Eight patients improved clinically and had a good recovery, two had severe disability, and two died. Urgent thrombosis of a ruptured aneurysm followed by immediate postthrombotic administration of TPA may be a safe and reasonable means of preventing vasospasm and improving patient outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kinugasa
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kamata
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hirotsune
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugiu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Handa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohmoto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mandai
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017542:Aneurysm, Ruptured / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D004322:Drainage; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000517:prevention & control; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C005062:acetylcellulose; D002482:Cellulose; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator