title: gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid increases intracellular Ca2+ concentration and nuclear cyclic AMP-responsive element- and activator protein 1 DNA-binding activities through GABAB receptor in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
abstract: In primary cultures of mouse cerebellar granule cells, a brief stimulation by gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB, 0.1-3 mM) significantly increased the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, gel mobility assay showed that exposure of the cells to GHB also increased nuclear DNA-binding activity specific for the cyclic AMP-responsive element (CRE) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcriptional element in a concentration-dependent manner. The concentration range of GHB that increased the DNA-binding activity was essentially the same as the concentration range that elicited the increase in [Ca2+]i. The GHB-induced increases in [Ca2+]i and nuclear DNA-binding activity were antagonized by specific GABAB antagonists such as p-[3-aminopropyl]-p-diethoxymethylphosphinic acid (CGP 35 348) and 3-N-[1-(S)-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)ethanol-2-(S)-hydroxy-P-benzylphosphin ic acid (CGP 55 845). In addition, the GHB-induced increase in [Ca2+]i was abolished by pretreatment of the cells with islet-activating protein. Furthermore, treatment of the cells with 1,2-bis(2'-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetraacetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM) and thapsigargin blocked the GHB-induced increase in nuclear DNA-binding activity. GHB inhibited [3H]baclofen binding to cultured cerebellar granule cells and mouse cerebellar membranes. These results suggest that stimulation of GABAB receptors by GHB activates intracellular Ca2+ stores and that the increased [Ca2+]i resulting from release of stored Ca2+ plays an important role in increasing the CRE- and AP-1 DNA-binding activities in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishige
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zaitsu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Anzai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukuda
mesh_terms: D051697:Activating Transcription Factor 1; D051698:Activating Transcription Factor 2; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D015335:Molecular Probes / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D018079:Receptors, GABA / Q000502:physiology*; D012978:Sodium Oxybate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051697:Activating Transcription Factor 1; D051698:Activating Transcription Factor 2; C497100:Atf1 protein, mouse; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D015335:Molecular Probes; D018079:Receptors, GABA; D014157:Transcription Factors; D012978:Sodium Oxybate; D002118:Calcium