title: Tuberculosis in the 1990s.
abstract: The steady decline in tuberculosis case rate reversed in the mid-1980s, and tuberculosis cases have increased dramatically since that time. Important factors contributing to this increase are the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic and tuberculosis occurring in foreign-born persons. Tuberculosis outbreaks have occurred in HIV clinics and wards, prisons, homeless shelters, nursing homes, and health care facilities. Some of the outbreaks have involved strains of tuberculosis resistant to multiple antituberculosis drugs. Recent recommendations for initial therapy of tuberculosis include the use of four drugs and directly observed therapy in an effort to prevent the emergence of further drug resistance.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of South Alabama Medical Center, Mobile 36617, USA.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Bass
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D012307:Risk Factors; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents