title: Lack of pseudotype formation between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and Epstein-Barr virus in productively coinfected B lymphoblastoid cell lines.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can form pseudotypes with other enveloped viruses, including herpes simplex virus, when the two viruses coinfect the same cell. Pseudotypes between HIV and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) have not been described. We observed unusually high levels of HIV-1 replication in SCID mice transplanted with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hu-PBL-SCID mice) when the mice developed EBV-associated human B cell lymphoproliferative disease. If this enhancement of HIV-1 replication were due to pseudotype formation rather than direct infection of B lymphoblastic cells by HIV-1, the pseudotypes could pose a novel biohazard to laboratory workers. To assess whether HIV-1 and EBV can form such pseudotypes, we established and characterized CD4-positive B lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) that contained cells infected with both EBV and HIV-1. A high-titered virus pool from these LCL could induce HIV infection in the Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) line BJA-B, but not in the BL line Ramos. Infection of BJA-B was blocked by neutralizing antibody to HIV gp120 but not by neutralizing anti-EBV gp350. These experiments provide no evidence for pseudotype formation, suggesting a low risk for EBV:HIV pseudotypes in natural infection of humans or in human cells transplanted to SCID mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Van Kuyk
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Mosier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D002460:Cell Line; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D015488:HIV Antigens; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate