title: Involvement of a protein distinct from transcription enhancer factor-1 (TEF-1) in mediating human chorionic somatomammotropin gene enhancer function through the GT-IIC enhanson in choriocarcinoma and COS cells.
abstract: Previous studies suggested that transcription enhancer factor-1 (TEF-1) was involved in mediating the human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS) gene enhancer (CSEn) function (Jiang, S.-W., and Eberhardt, N. L. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 10384-10392). We now show that an unrelated protein (CSEF-1) found in BeWo and COS-1 cells binds to the GT-IIC enhanson in CSEn and is correlated with CSEn activity in these cells. TEF-1 and CSEF-1 were distinguished by differential migration as GT-IIC complexes, thermal stability, molecular mass, and cross-reactivity with chicken TEF-1 antibodies. TEF-1 and CSEF-1 bound to the GT-IIC and Sph-I/Sph-II enhansons with identical binding properties, and in vitro generated TEF-1 competed with CSEF-1 binding to the GT-IIC motif, suggesting that their actions might be mutually exclusive. Up- and down-regulation of TEF-1 levels by expression systems and antisense oligonucleotides demonstrated that TEF-1 inhibited the hCS promoter in a manner independent of the enhancer or a known TEF-1 DNA binding site. The data suggest that TEF-1 may provide a counter-regulatory stimulus to the actions of CSEF-1, which may be involved in mediating enhancer stimulatory activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Eberhardt
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D002822:Choriocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010928:Placental Lactogen / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D000091262:TEA Domain Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000091262:TEA Domain Transcription Factors; C057182:TEAD1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D010928:Placental Lactogen