title: Ultrasonographic appearance of polycystic ovaries is associated with exaggerated ovarian androgen and oestradiol responses to gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist in women undergoing assisted reproduction treatment.
abstract: While no single biochemical test is diagnostic of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), most patients show a characteristic ovarian ultrasonographic appearance. It has been proposed that a dysfunction of cytochrome P-450c17 alpha in PCOS leads to an increased 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) response to a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist-induced gonadotrophin rise. We postulated that this abnormality of steroid metabolism might influence the ovarian response during assisted reproduction treatment. We investigated 106 patients undergoing a short 'boost' stimulation regimen for assisted reproduction treatment, including in-vitro fertilization and gamete intra-Fallopian transfers. The ovarian ultrasound pattern was correlated with serum testosterone, 17-OHP, androstenedione and oestradiol responses, and with the clinical outcome. Polycystic ovaries, defined ultrasonographically as the presence of > or = 10 follicles between 2 and 10 mm diameter in either ovary, were found in 48% of the whole study population. Dexamethasone was given to suppress adrenal androgen secretion. Functional ovarian hyperandrogenism (FOH) was defined as serum testosterone > 0.5 nmol/l after dexamethasone. There was a significantly (P < 0.001) higher prevalence of FOH in patients with polycystic ovaries (23%) compared with normal ovaries (7%). Patients with polycystic ovaries had approximately double the 17-OHP, androstenedione and oestradiol responses to a GnRH agonist as patients with non-polycystic ovaries. Exaggerated 17-OHP and oestradiol responses to GnRH agonist were found in 89% of patients with clinically diagnosed PCOS. The number of oocytes retrieved was positively correlated (r = 0.51, P < 0.001) with the oestradiol responses in all patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Monash IVF, Richmond, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Suikkari
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: MacLachlan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montalto
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Calderon
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Healy
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: McLachlan
mesh_terms: D019326:17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone; D000328:Adult; D000728:Androgens / Q000097:blood*; D000735:Androstenedione / Q000097:blood; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D015181:Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer; D006801:Humans; D006908:Hydroxyprogesterones / Q000097:blood; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016729:Leuprolide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010053:Ovary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D006908:Hydroxyprogesterones; D013739:Testosterone; D000735:Androstenedione; D004958:Estradiol; D019326:17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D016729:Leuprolide