title: Mitochondrial gene expression during bovine cardiac growth and development.
abstract: The expression of both mitochondrial and nuclear genes encoding enzymes involved in electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation was examined in bovine cardiac tissue during early growth, development and aging. The steady state level of mRNAs for mitochondrial genes including ATPase 6. COXII and cyt b increased 2.5-4-fold relative to early fetal levels in late fetal and young adult tissues and showed a marked decline (30-50%) in older adult tissues. Similar results were found with the nuclear genes, COXVB and ATP-beta synthase showing coordinate regulation of the two genomes. An increase in mtDNA copy number correlated with the increase in transcript level. Enzyme activity levels for NADH dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase showed a similar trend, albeit of lesser magnitude. These activity levels contrasted with the activity level of an entirely nuclear-encoded mitochondrial enzyme, citrate synthase, which increased not only throughout development but in the older adult tissue. This study indicates that there is a pattern of increasing mitochondrial and nuclear gene expression for OXPHOS enzymes in developing cardiac tissue and decreasing OXPHOS gene expression in the aging heart.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Cardiology Institute, Inc., Pediatric Cardiology Group of NJ, Highland Park 08904.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marin-Garcia
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ananthakrishnan
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Goldenthal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002417:Cattle; D004579:Electron Transport; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D005318:Fetal Heart / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006321:Heart / Q000254:growth & development*; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D009124:Muscle Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV