title: Hyperthermia--its actual role in radiation oncology. Part III: Clinical rationale and results in deep seated tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Combined hyperthermia and radiation therapy has been reported to yield higher complete and durable responses than radiotherapy alone in superficial tumors. In deep seated tumors the effect of the combined treatment is still under research.
  
  
  METHODS
  The literature and own clinical data are reviewed with regard to biological and physical fundamentals and clinical results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical phase I to II studies have applied regional hyperthermia in the abdomen, the pelvic region and the extremities. Usually primary advanced, persistent or local recurrent and metastatic tumors were selected for treatment either due to poor response to conventional therapy or for effective palliation. The clinical data are presented concerning the following topics: invasive thermometry, temperature parameter in tumor and normal tissue, toxicity, tumor response, treatment planning, clinical trials and prognostic factors. Clinical results of thermoradiotherapy for advanced or recurrent rectal cancer, cervical cancer and soft tissue sarcomas are reviewed in detail. In addition, the prognostic relevance of temperature parameters and physiological conditions such as global tumor perfusion are discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical issues of optimization of regional thermoradiotherapy are: improvement of hyperthermia technique, analysis of biological effects and mechanisms involved in temperature elevation, selection of appropriate study concepts for specific tumor sites. Part I has covered biological and technical fundamentals of clinical hyperthermia and has been published in Strahlenther. Onkol. 168 (1992), 183-190. Part II has covered clinical fundamentals and results in superficial tumors of clinical hyperthermia and has been published in Strahlenther.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie und Radiologische Onkologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar der TU München.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Feldmann
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Seegenschmiedt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Molls
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008961:Models, Structural; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000628:therapy*; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013696:Temperature; D013821:Thermometers