title: Calcium activation mechanisms in the renal microvascular response to extracellular ATP.
abstract: Previous studies have suggested a paracrine role for extracellular ATP in the regulation of afferent arteriolar tone. The current study was conducted to determine the dependence of this response on calcium entry mechanisms. Experiments were performed in vitro using the blood-perfused juxtamedullary nephron technique combined with video microscopy. The afferent arteriolar response to alpha, beta-methylene ATP was determined before and after treatment with the calcium channel blockers, diltiazem or felodipine. alpha, beta-Methylene ATP was used to obviate concerns over responses being elicited by ATP or by ATP hydrolysis products such as adenosine. Previous studies have shown that afferent arteriolar responses to alpha, beta-methylene ATP are comparable to those elicited by ATP. alpha, beta-Methylene ATP (1.0 microM) induced a rapid initial afferent vasoconstriction of 72.5 +/- 10.6%, which partially recovered to a stable diameter 11.3 +/- 1.7% smaller than control (P < 0.01 vs control). Afferent diameter returned to control diameter on removal of ATP from the bath. Diltiazem or felodipine treatment significantly increased afferent diameter by 5.6 +/- 2.3 and 16.4 +/- 4.6%, respectively (P < 0.05). In the presence of either diltiazem or felodipine, the initial vasoconstriction to alpha, beta-methylene ATP was attenuated, and the sustained vasoconstriction was completely blocked. Removal of calcium from the extracellular medium completely abolished both the initial and sustained vasoconstrictor response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Inscho
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohishi
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Belott
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Navar
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004110:Diltiazem / Q000494:pharmacology; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism*; D015736:Felodipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014661:Vasoconstriction
chemical_list: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D004110:Diltiazem; C002630:alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate; D015736:Felodipine; D002118:Calcium; D009638:Norepinephrine