title: Impaired cholinergic peripheral vasodilation and its relationship to hyperemic calf blood flow response and exercise intolerance in patients with chronic heart failure.
abstract: This study examined the peripheral endothelium-dependent vasodilatory response to acetylcholine and the endothelium-independent vasodilatory response to nitroprusside in 19 patients with chronic heart failure and eight controls. These peripheral blood flow responses were compared with hyperemic calf blood flow changes after maximum leg exercise and 5-min femoral occlusion. The peripheral blood flow response to forearm intra-arterial infusion of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside, and reactive hyperemic calf blood flow changes were measured by plethysmography. All peripheral blood flow responses were significantly reduced in patients with chronic heart failure (P < 0.05). Reduction of acetylcholine-mediated changes in peripheral blood flow was correlated with exercise-induced calf blood flow response (r = 0.51, P < 0.05), but not with occlusion-induced calf blood flow response (r = 0.02, NS). Sodium nitroprusside-mediated changes were not correlated with any reactive hyperemic blood flow responses (exercise: r = 0.27, NS; occlusion: r = 0.11, NS). When the patients were divided into two subgroups based on the median exercise-induced calf blood flow change, the subgroup with the lower calf blood flow response showed a reduction in exercise capacity (anaerobic threshold: 11.8 +/- 0.6 vs. 14.6 +/- 1.0 ml/kg/min; P < 0.05). These findings suggest that endothelial dysfunction is related to a decrease in exercise-induced skeletal muscle blood flow and exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Dept of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueshima
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Makita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Funakoshi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiramori
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D002303:Cardiac Output, Low / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003250:Constriction; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000187:drug effects*; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D007866:Leg / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010991:Plethysmography; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D009599:Nitroprusside; D000109:Acetylcholine