title: Delay of diagnosis and empiric treatment of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough in office practice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the length of time taken to diagnose cough due to the use of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and the frequency of interim diagnoses and treatments given in an office practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two academic group family practice offices.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen solicited cases of patients with suspected or known ACE inhibitor-induced cough over a 2-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Documentation in the patient chart of the nature and complaint of the cough; the time between initiation of therapy with the drug and complaint of the cough; the time between initiation of therapy with the drug and assessment of ACE inhibitor-induced cough or discontinuation of drug treatment; other diagnoses given to explain the cough; and other treatments given.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was an average of 14.5 weeks between the initiation of ACE inhibitor therapy and the first documentation of the complaint of cough, and an average of 24.0 weeks between the initiation of ACE inhibitor therapy and documentation of the cough side effect. Physicians made several interim diagnoses prior to recognizing cough as a side effect of ACE inhibitor therapy. Physicians prescribed 30 medications and took two chest radiographs on seven patients experiencing ACE inhibitor-induced cough prior to recognition of this side effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The investigation found a significant delay in making the final diagnosis of ACE inhibitor-induced cough. Frequently, physicians gave other diagnoses, ordered unnecessary diagnostic tests, and ordered treatments other than the discontinuation of ACE inhibitor therapy. Earlier identification would be more cost-effective.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Olsen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003371:Cough / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors