The molecular genetics of vestibular schwannoma.
Vestibular schwannoma occurs both as a sporadic tumour and in the dominantly inherited familial cancer syndrome neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). The gene for NF2 has recently been isolated on chromosome 22, and the demonstration of inactivating germline mutations in NF2 patients and NF2 associated tumours suggests that it acts as a tumour suppressor. The results of recent research in Cambridge suggest that somatic mutations of the NF2 tumour suppressor gene are a critical step in the pathogenesis of both familial and indeed non-familial unilateral sporadic vestibular schwannoma and that the mechanism of tumourigenesis complies with the 'two-hit' model. This paper represents a brief review of the current status of molecular biology in relation to vestibular schwannoma in particular and is discussed in relation to the molecular pathology of skull base tumours as a whole.
Moffat
D A
DA
Department of Otoneurological and Skull Base Surgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge.
Irving
R M
RM
D002648:Child; D016515:Genes, Neurofibromatosis 2; D016161:Genes, Retinoblastoma / Q000235:genetics; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009154:Mutation; D009464:Neuroma, Acoustic / Q000235:genetics*; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes / Q000235:genetics; D014725:Vestibular Nerve