title: Adipokinetic hormone stimulates neurones in the insect central nervous system.
abstract: A simple preparation designed to screen and compare the central action of putative neuroactive agents in the moth Manduca sexta is described. This approach combines microinjections into the central nervous system with myograms recorded from a pair of spontaneously active mesothoracic muscles. Pressure injection of either octopamine or Manduca adipokinetic hormone (M-AKH) into the mesothoracic neuropile increases the monitored motor activity. Under the conditions used, the excitatory effects of M-AKH exceed those of the potent neuromodulator octopamine. This suggests that M-AKH plays a role in the central nervous system in addition to its known metabolic functions and supports recent evidence that neuropeptides in insects can be multifunctional.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Milde
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ziegler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wallstein
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007301:Insect Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018402:Manduca / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009655:Octopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D007301:Insect Hormones; D009842:Oligopeptides; C044833:adipokinetic hormone; D009655:Octopamine; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid