title: Pulmonary venous congestion augments respiratory motoneuronal responses to cigarette smoke in rabbit.
abstract: We examined the effects of cigarette smoke inhaled during subthreshold pulmonary venous congestion (sPVC) on phrenic nerve (PN) and unit activity in the ventral respiratory group in rabbits. sPVC was achieved by inflating a balloon in the left atrium. Inhalation of low-nicotine cigarette smoke produced initial prolonged bursts in 34 (19 bulbospinal) out of 43 inspiratory (I) cells and in PN. Smoke decreased the activity of 29 out of 36 expiratory (E) cells (27 of 32 early E and 2 of 4 late E). The prolonged PN bursts occasionally progressed to doublets superimposed over regularly occurring PN bursts. sPVC augmented the smoke effects: I cells displayed greater increases in spikes/burst (27 vs. 12%; P = 0.02) and burst duration (42 vs. 20%; P = 0.02) and greater decreases in interburst interval (34 vs. 10%; P < 0.02); PN displayed greater increases in I time (40 vs. 27%; P < 0.05), greater decreases in E time (18 vs. 26%; P < 0.05), and a greater incidence and duration of time of PN doublets (29 +/- 9 vs. 9 +/- 4 s; P < 0.03); E cells displayed greater decreases in spikes/burst (43 vs. 29%; P = 0.01) and burst durations (35 vs. 18%; P < 0.01). Smoke-induced respiratory changes may be exaggerated during sPVC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bonham
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ravi
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Kappagoda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016279:Atrial Function, Left; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004056:Differential Threshold; D004594:Electrophysiology; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D010791:Phrenic Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D011312:Pressure; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation; D011817:Rabbits; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000294:innervation*; D012906:Smoke; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014026:Nicotiana; D014132:Trachea / Q000502:physiology; D014680:Veins
chemical_list: D012906:Smoke