African swine fever virus infection of skin-derived dendritic cells in vitro causes interference with subsequent foot-and-mouth disease virus infection.
Highly purified skin-derived dendritic cells (SDDCs) isolated from swine skin by a simple novel method were cultured for 24 hours before independent or sequential inoculation with African swine fever virus (ASFV) and foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). By avidin-biotin immunohistochemical staining, ASFV antigen was detected in 50% of SDDCs as early as 1.5 hours postinfection (HPI) and in 80% by 3 HPI when cytopathic effect was noted. Cell lysis was detected with FMDV infection as early as 8 HPI; immunostaining for FMDV antigen was found in 10% of the cells. African swine fever virus replication was detected by transmission electron microscopy in a high percentage of SDDCs by 11 HPI. Sequential infection with FMDV 3 hours after ASFV inoculation blocked FMDV infection. These findings demonstrate that both ASFV and FMDV infect dendritic cells of Langerhans cell type in vitro and ASFV interferes with FMDV infection.
Gregg
D A
DA
Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, APHIS, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA.
Schlafer
D H
DH
Mebus
C A
CA
D000358:African Swine Fever Virus / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005537:Aphthovirus / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000821:virology*; D013552:Swine
D000956:Antigens, Viral