title: Changes in apnea and autoresuscitation in piglets after intravenous and intrathecal interleukin-1 beta injection.
abstract: Piglets were given IL-1 beta intravenously (Index I, n = 8) or intrathecally (Index II, n = 9) prior to apnea to test the hypothesis that IL-1 beta may prolong periods of apnea during sleep and infection. Apnea variables and the quality of autoresuscitation were recorded and compared to an apnea control group (Ctr. I, n = 7, apnea without injection of IL-1 beta) and a procedure control group (Ctr. II, n = 6, apnea after intratecally injected sterile water). Hypoxanthine (Hx) and xanthine (X) were analyzed in plasma, CSF and vitreous humor. The duration of apnea was significantly longer in the Index I - mean: 38, intraquartile range: 27-52 sec and Index II-group 26 (24-36) sec than in the Ctr. 1-12 (10-13) sec (p < 0.01) and the Ctr. II-group 14 (6-18) sec (p < 0.01). The number of respirations per 2 min following apnea in the Index I-group mean: 21, intraquartile range: 7-40 and was significantly less than in the Ctr. I-group 109 (39-150) (p < 0.01), while a similar tendency was found in the Index II-group 42 (27-55) (p = 0.06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenous and intrathecal injection of IL-1 beta prolong the duration of apnea and modifies autoresuscitation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Research, National Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stoltenberg
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sundar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Almaas
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Storm
authors.forename: T O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Rognum
authors.forename: O D
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Saugstad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001049:Apnea / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D019271:Hypoxanthine; D007042:Hypoxanthines / Q000378:metabolism; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism; D019820:Xanthine; D014970:Xanthines / Q000378:metabolism; D001615:beta-Endorphin / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D007042:Hypoxanthines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D014970:Xanthines; D019820:Xanthine; D019271:Hypoxanthine; D001615:beta-Endorphin