title: Alternating nitroglycerin and syntocinon to facilitate uterine exploration and removal of an adherent placenta.
abstract: Nitroglycerin (NTG) has been demonstrated to provide uterine relaxation in the management of various obstetric complications. A 32-yr-old woman presented 40 min postpartum for manual removal of a retained placenta. Repeated, alternating doses of NTG 250 micrograms and syntocinon (SYN) 10U iv were used over 15 min to produce periods of uterine relaxation and contraction respectively for uterine exploration. Multiple attempts to extract the placenta failed and a diagnosis of placenta accreta was made. There were no major side effects from this combination of drugs apart from a transient 20% decrease in blood pressure after NTG, which responded to ephedrine 10-15 mg iv. The rapid change in uterine tone was believed to be due not only to the short duration of action of NTG and SYN, but also to the possible physiological antagonism between the two drugs. The mechanism of interaction may involve calcium mobilization and myosin light chain phosphorylation. We conclude that NTG and SYN can be used to produce alternating periods of uterine relaxation and contraction rapidly and consistently with little sustained effects from either agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ananthanarayan
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Rolbin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004809:Ephedrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D009218:Myosins / Q000378:metabolism; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010921:Placenta Accreta / Q000628:therapy*; D018457:Placenta, Retained / Q000628:therapy*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014590:Uterine Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D010121:Oxytocin; D009218:Myosins; D005996:Nitroglycerin; D004809:Ephedrine; D002118:Calcium