title: 'Congenital' hydronephrosis: limitations of diagnosis by fetal ultrasonography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether children presenting clinically with pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction had fetal hydronephrosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-three children, born during or after 1985, presented clinically with pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction. Records of the maternal pregnancies were reviewed with reference to the findings of any fetal ultrasonography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 25 patients fetal ultrasonography was performed at or beyond 30 weeks' gestation (mean 33.2). None had significant fetal hydronephrosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hydronephrosis due to pelvi-ureteric obstruction is not necessarily congenital and patients presenting clinically may differ inherently from those detected fetally.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Urology, Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rickwood
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Harney
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oak
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000151:congenital* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007682:Kidney Pelvis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011247:Pregnancy; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging