title: The effect of potassium supplementation in persons with a high-normal blood pressure. Results from phase I of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention (TOHP). Trials of Hypertension Prevention (TOHP) Collaborative Research Group.
abstract: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral potassium chloride supplementation (60 mmol/d) in 353 men and women with an initial average diastolic blood pressure between 80 and 89 mm Hg. In the active (n = 178) compared to the placebo (n = 175) treatment group, the urinary potassium level was significantly (p < 0.001) increased by an average of 44.0 and 42.3 mmol/24 h following 3 and 6 months of therapy, respectively. Compared to placebo, active treatment was associated with a small (mean = 1.8 mm Hg) but significant (p = 0.04) reduction in diastolic blood pressure following 3 months of therapy. Following 6 months, however, this apparent treatment effect had virtually disappeared (mean reduction in diastolic blood pressure = 0.3 mm Hg). There was no significant effect of potassium supplementation on systolic blood pressure at either follow-up visit. There was a significant, independent, dose-response relationship between change in both 24-hour urinary potassium excretion and urinary sodium-potassium ratio and the corresponding change in diastolic blood pressure (-1.49 mm Hg for the highest versus the lowest quartile of change in urinary potassium excretion.
authors.affiliation: Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205-2223, USA.
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Whelton
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buring
authors.forename: N O
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Borhani
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cutler
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kiley
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Kuller
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satterfield
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Sacks
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D011189:Potassium Chloride