title: Femorotibial bypass for claudication: do results justify an aggressive approach?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The role of infrainguinal arterial reconstructive surgery for claudication is controversial. We reviewed the results of femorotibial bypass procedures performed in a select group of patients with disabling claudication in an attempt to define a role for this aggressive approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were retrieved from the vascular registry, and hospital records were obtained for all patients undergoing femorotibial reconstruction for disabling claudication during the past 16 years at Brigham and Women's Hospital. Follow-up interviews were obtained to assess overall health, walking impairment, functional status, and patient satisfaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During a 16-year period a total of 57 tibial reconstructions were performed in 53 patients for claudication (5% of all infrainguinal vein reconstructions). Autogenous vein conduit was used in all cases, most of which (70%) involved the greater saphenous vein in situ. Distal anastamoses were to the tibioperoneal trunk (12%), anterior tibial (18%), posterior tibial (47%), and peroneal (23%) arteries. Major complications occurred in 9%, and no perioperative deaths occurred. Overall 5-year survival was 54% +/- 15%, and no major amputations were performed. Cumulative primary and secondary graft patency at 5 years were 81% +/- 6% and 86% +/- 5%, respectively. Patency rates were significantly better than those achieved in a concurrent series of tibial bypasses for limb salvage and were equivalent to those achieved with femoropopliteal bypass for claudication. Interviewed patients reported improved walking distance, reduced claudication, and a high degree of overall satisfaction with their operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results obtained with femorotibial bypass performed for claudication were superior to those obtained for limb salvage and were equivalent to those obtained with femoropopliteal bypass for claudication. The results obtained in this highly selected cohort suggest that patients at low risk with significant functional impairment from claudication, available autogenous vein, and suitable tibial outflow to the ischemic muscular bed can be offered revascularization with the expectation of durable long-term results.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Conte
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belkin
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baum
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Mannick
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Whittemore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000601:surgery*; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007383:Intermittent Claudication / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D007866:Leg / Q000601:surgery; D015993:Life Tables; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016909:Tibial Arteries / Q000601:surgery*; D014654:Vascular Patency; D014680:Veins / Q000637:transplantation; D016138:Walking