Simultaneous determination of opiates, cocaine and major metabolites of cocaine in human hair by gas chromotography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
A procedure is presented for the simultaneous identification and quantification of morphine (MOR), codeine (COD), ethylmorphine (EM), 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), cocaine (COC), benzoylecgonine (BZE), ecgonine methylester (EME) and cocaethylene (CE), contained in the hair of opiates and cocaine addicts. The method involves decontamination in dichloromethane, pulverization in a ball mill, heat-acid hydrolysis, addition of deuterated internal standards, liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) after silylation. The limit of detection (LOD) was approximately 0.1-0.8 ng/mg for each drug, using a 30-mg hair sample. The method is reproductible, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of approximately 8-17%. Cocaine and 6-monoacetylmorphine were the major compounds detected in cases of cocaine (14 cases) and heroin (68 cases) intake. Concentrations were in the range 0.4-78.4 ng/mg (COC), 0.0-36.3 ng/mg (BZE), 0.0-1.6 ng/mg (EME), 0.0-2.1 ng/mg (CE), 0.0-84.3 ng/mg (6-MAM), 0.2-27.1 ng/mg (MOR) and 0.1-19.6 ng/mg (COD). An application in forensic sciences, involving multi-sectional analysis, is given.
Kintz
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Institut de Médecine Légale, Strasbourg, France.
Mangin
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D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002138:Calibration; D003042:Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis* / Q000506:poisoning; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis; D062787:Drug Overdose; D005036:Ethylmorphine / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005554:Forensic Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D003932:Heroin / Q000506:poisoning; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000032:analysis; D009022:Morphine Derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D009294:Narcotics / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D009022:Morphine Derivatives; D009294:Narcotics; C005618:benzoylecgonine; D003932:Heroin; D009020:Morphine; C066444:cocaethylene; D003042:Cocaine; C026979:6-O-monoacetylmorphine; D005036:Ethylmorphine; C034524:ecgonine methyl ester