title: Hypertension induced by drugs and other substances.
abstract: The purpose of this article is to review and summarize the literature regarding the effects of medications and other substances on blood pressure. Many substances are known to cause or exacerbate hypertension, including sodium chloride, substances of abuse, nonprescription sympathomimetics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sex steroids, immunosuppressive therapies, erythopoietin, antidepressants, ergot alkaloids, anesthetic agents, and other substances. With the population aging, the increasing incidence of polypharmacy, and the growth of over-the-counter pharmacological agents, including those which were previously available only by prescription, drug-induced hypertension is assuming heightened importance. Furthermore, these agents represent an important modifiable cause of secondary hypertension, and it is imperative that clinicians recognize this causal relationship.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA.
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Clyburn
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: DiPette
mesh_terms: D018663:Adrenergic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D004876:Ergot Alkaloids / Q000009:adverse effects; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000009:adverse effects; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D007854:Lead / Q000009:adverse effects; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000009:adverse effects; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D018663:Adrenergic Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D004876:Ergot Alkaloids; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D004921:Erythropoietin; D007854:Lead; D012965:Sodium Chloride