title: Incisional bowel herniations after operative laparoscopy: a series of nineteen cases and review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this report were (1) to identify all cases of incisional bowel herniations noted after operative laparoscopy in 11 participating institutions and (2) to report the clinical details of such patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case review was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nineteen cases of incisional bowel herniation were identified. The average age of the patients was 50.5 years. Initial laparoscopic procedures varied and included laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (six patients), laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy (five patients), oophorectomy (two patients), adhesiolysis (two patients), myomectomy (two patients), lymphadenectomy alone (one patient), and ovarian cystectomy (one patient). The average time to reoperation was 8.5 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Incisional bowel herniation is a serious complication of operative laparoscopy. Herniations occur through ports > or = mm in size at both umbilical and extraumbilical sites. New techniques are needed to avoid this serious complication.
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, USA.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Boike
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Spirtos
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Mercer
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Summitt
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Orr
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006547:Hernia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007045:Hysterectomy, Vaginal / Q000009:adverse effects; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009215:Myometrium / Q000601:surgery; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies