title: The Neurotoxicity Scale: the validity of a patient-based scale, assessing neurotoxicity.
abstract: The validity of a patient-based scale, presumably measuring adverse effects of drugs on cognitive function, was examined in a normal volunteer study. Thirty subjects were randomly assigned to placebo or one of two doses of a benzodiazepine, temazepam (10 mg and 20 mg), in a double-blind placebo-controlled parallel group design. Plasma samples were taken before the scale was completed and up to 8 hours post-dose. After administration of the medication the subjects were asked to maintain their normal daily routine as much as possible (reading, studying, conversations). The inventory was administered twice, at 50 minutes and 2 hours post-dose (peak level). The overall score was different between the three groups, only for the second assessment, 2 h post-dose (ANOVA, P < 0.02). Multiple t-testing between the three groups revealed statistically significant differences between placebo and the 10 mg temazepam group (P = 0.02) and between placebo and the 20 mg temazepam group (P = 0.006). No significant difference was found between the two temazepam groups. Analysis of the separate questions showed least sensitivity for questions related to the domain of 'hyperexcitability' and most sensitivity for 'fatigue' and 'slowing.' The overall score appeared to be sensitive already for the lower toxicity range suggesting an 'all or nothing effect'. The subjective reports, collected by using this scale, may therefore be used for the detection of gross overall changes in cognitive functioning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychology, Meer and Bosch Epilepsy Centre, Heemstede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Aldenkamp
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Pieters
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Schoemaker
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schwabe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013693:Temazepam / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D013693:Temazepam