title: Recognition of markers of response to potassium-canrenoate in essential hypertension.
abstract: Potassium canrenoate (K-Can) prevents hypertension in Milan hypertensive strain (MHS) but not in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Essential hypertensive patients (HT) may have differential sensitivity to diuretics, since a subgroup of HT insensitive to hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) but sensitive to K-Can has previously been found. The aims of this study were: 1) to seek markers of response in essential hypertensive patients selectively sensitive to K-Can: and 2) to test whether selective sensitivity to furosemide may also be demonstrated. After 2 weeks of placebo (P) 50 uncomplicated, mild to moderate HT (46 +/- 9 yrs, mean +/- SD) received K-Can (50 mg/day) for 4 weeks. After 2 more weeks of P, patients received HCTZ (25 mg) and furosemide (25 mg) for 4 weeks each in a single blind crossover design, with 2 weeks P between each treatment. Dosages were doubled after 2 weeks if diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was > 90 mmHg. Responders (R) were those HT whose DBP was < or = 90 mmHg and/or at least 10 mmHg lower than before treatment. Systolic blood pressure (SBP)/DBP was measured every 2 weeks with plasma renin activity (PRA), red blood cell Na(+)-K(+)-Cl- cotransport (COT) and Na(+)-K+ ATPase pump activity measured at the end of the first P period, and serum electrolytes at the end of each period. Four HT dropped out because of low compliance, 6 because of reversible side effects, and 1 because blood pressure was not back to pre-treatment value after the second placebo period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Clinica Medica, University of Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Glorioso
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tonolo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Troffa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soro
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Manunta
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Madeddu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sabino
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pinna-Parpaglia
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Realdi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002191:Canrenoic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D005665:Furosemide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005665:Furosemide; D002191:Canrenoic Acid