title: Roxithromycin 150 mg b.i.d. versus amoxycillin 500 mg/clavulanic acid 125 mg t.i.d. for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections in general practice.
abstract: Two hundred and forty-two patients over 16 years of age with community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), matched for age and sex, were randomised to receive either roxithromycin 150 mg b.i.d. or amoxycillin 500 mg/clavulanic acid 125 mg t.i.d. for 7 days, with a further 7 days if insufficient response was seen. Clinical efficacy at 7 days was 69% for roxithromycin and 56% for amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (p = 0.05) and at study end it was 91% for both antibiotics. There were fewer second treatment courses in the roxithromycin group (26% vs. 38%, p = 0.04) and a shorter treatment duration (8.29 days vs. 9.34 days, p > 0.05). Twelve patients (9.8%) treated with roxithromycin and 19 (17.1%) treated with amoxycillin/clavulanic acid had adverse effects possibly, or probably, related to the antibiotic. Roxithromycin appears to be a more appropriate choice than amoxycillin/clavulanic acid for the treatment of LRTI in the community given its more appropriate in vitro spectrum, efficacy against most common and atypical pathogens, greater cost-effectiveness, more convenient dosage regimen (b.i.d.), and superior tolerability profile.
authors.affiliation: Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand.
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Karalus
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Garrett
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Kostalas
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Cursons
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Ryan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; D002969:Clavulanic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015575:Roxithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002969:Clavulanic Acids; D015575:Roxithromycin; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; D000658:Amoxicillin