title: Lansoprazole in the prophylaxis of acid aspiration during elective surgery.
abstract: We have assessed the efficacy of a single dose of lansoprazole in increasing the pH and decreasing the volume of gastric residue at induction of anaesthesia in adult patients undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery. We studied 66 ASAI-II patients, allocated to one of three groups to receive either placebo (group 1), lansoprazole 30 mg (group 2) or lansoprazole 60 mg (group 3), 8-12 h before induction of anaesthesia. Volume and pH of gastric contents were measured after induction of anaesthesia by aspiration via a 16-French gauge gastric tube. Patients who received lansoprazole had a significantly higher pH than the placebo group (P < 0.01) but there was no difference between the two lansoprazole groups. The volume of gastric residue was significantly smaller (P < 0.01) in both lansoprazole groups compared with the placebo group: 28% of those in group 3 had a pH of gastric residue < 2.5 and volume > 25 ml compared with 30% in group 2 and 63% in group 1, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Royal Naval Hospital Haslar, Gosport, Hants.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Hett
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Risdall
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D064747:Lansoprazole; D008875:Middle Aged; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011015:Pneumonia, Aspiration / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D064747:Lansoprazole; D009853:Omeprazole