title: Carbonic anhydrase and CO2 chemoreception in the pulmonate snail Helix aspersa.
abstract: We have studied the effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibition on the hypercapnic ventilatory response of the pulmonate snail, Helix aspersa, in an isolated brain-pneumostome preparation. We found that the cell permeant carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, acetazolamide (ACTZ), increased pneumostomal opening and ventilation during normocapnia (2-3% CO2) and decreased the rate of pneumostomal response to step changes in CO2 (4.5%), but did not change the steady-state ventilatory response to elevated CO2 (4.5%) compared to the inactive ACTZ analogue, N2-substituted 2-acetylamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole (Cl 13850). In contrast, the cell impermeant carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, quartenary ammonium sulfonilamide (QAS), had no effect on the pneumostomal response to CO2 compared to Cl 13850. Using Hansson's histochemical technique to stain for carbonic anhydrase activity, we identified a small number of neurons in the subesophageal ganglia that exhibited carbonic anhydrase activity. Some of these cells were in the region of CO2-sensitivity. In conclusion, carbonic anhydrase inhibition slows the ventilatory response to rapid changes in CO2, but does not affect the intrinsic ability of H. aspersa to respond to CO2. The ventilatory effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibition may be attributed to the intracellular actions of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme.
authors: Department of Physiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH 03756.
authors: J S
authors: JS
authors: Erlichman
authors: E L
authors: EL
authors: Coates
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Leiter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood*; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002628:Chemoreceptor Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000201:enzymology; D017952:Ganglia, Invertebrate / Q000201:enzymology; D006372:Helix, Snails / Q000378:metabolism*; D006458:Hemolymph / Q000201:enzymology; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006935:Hypercapnia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases