Herpes simplex virus type 1 replication and IL-1 beta gene expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages activated in vivo by an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vaccine or Corynebacterium parvum.
Activated macrophages (M phi) from mice given Salmonella typhimurium or Corynebacterium parvum were compared with resident peritoneal macrophages at the molecular level for permissiveness for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication and for expression of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta). Peritoneal macrophages were harvested from mice injected 7 days previously with live, avirulent S. typhimurium (Sal-PM phi) or heat-killed C. parvum (CP-PM phi) and infected with HSV-1 in vitro. Both Sal-PM phi and CP-PM phi were activated as evidenced by characteristic changes in an ectoenzyme, by increased permissiveness for infectious virus production and viral cytopathic effect, and by induction of IL-1 beta mRNA. Analysis at the molecular level revealed that both types of activated M phi demonstrated increased patterns of HSV-1 immediate-early gene expression and viral DNA replication as compared with resident cells. A novel finding was that viral infection reduced IL-1 beta mRNA in both types of activated M beta. This observation has implications for the efficacy of Salmonella vaccines given in proximity to HSV-1 infection and for potential deleterious effects of HSV-1 infection in immunosuppressed patients receiving immunotherapy.
Wu
L
L
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19129.
Morahan
P S
PS
Hendrzak
J A
JA
Eisenstein
T K
TK
D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000494:pharmacology; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D005814:Genes, Viral; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D043264:Phosphodiesterase I; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D011425:Propionibacterium acnes / Q000276:immunology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000276:immunology; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000494:pharmacology; D014779:Virus Replication
D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D043264:Phosphodiesterase I