title: [Seroprevalence of delta virus and hepatitis C virus in patients with chronic infection with hepatitis B virus].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the prevalence of hepatitis delta and hepatitis C viruses (HDV and HCV) in patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) with and without risk behaviors for the infection by these viruses and by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical and serological study (January 1990-December 1992) at Medicine Service at Galdacano Hospital of 109 patients with positive hepatitis B surface antigen and without clinical or serological evidence of acute hepatitis, 60 without risk behaviors for the infection, 45 parenteral drug abusers (PDA) and 4 homosexual males.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chronic HDV infection was observed in 60% of PDA and more frequently among HIV-positive patients (p < 0.05). In six of these patients the serological determination of HDV-Ag was positive. Chronic HDV and HCV infection rates in patients without risk behaviors were 1.6% and 16%, respectively. Eighty-eight percent of PDA had anti-HCV; no differences were observed between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients (p = 0.64).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HDV was particularly associated with parenteral drug abuse, with a similar prevalence to other surveys conducted in Spain. The higher frequency of HDV and HDV-Ag among HIV-positive patients could indicate a greater susceptibility to HDV in clinical conditions associated with immunosuppression. HCV infection occurs at early stages and is common among PDA infected with HBV, with no apparent association with patient's age, years of drug abuse or HIV infection.
authors: Servicios de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Galdácano, Vizcaya.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: de Miguel
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Collazos
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Mayo
authors: M J
authors: MJ
authors: López de Goicoechea
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Echániz
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Mendarte
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003699:Hepatitis D / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006521:Hepatitis, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications
vernacular_title: Seroprevalencia del virus delta y de la hepatitis C en pacientes con infección crónica por el virus de la hepatitis B.