title: Lack of effectiveness of a low-sodium/high-potassium diet in reducing antihypertensive medication requirements in overweight persons with mild hypertension. TAIM Research Group. Trial of Antihypertensive Interventions and Management.
abstract: The Trial of Antihypertensive Interventions and Management (TAIM) was a multicenter randomized drug (double-blind, placebo-controlled)-diet trial. One objective of TAIM was to assess the long-term ability of a low-sodium/high-potassium (Na+ decreases/K+ increases) diet to maintain blood pressure control in persons at 110% to 160% ideal weight with diastolic blood pressure from 90 to 100 mm Hg who were on no drugs or on low-dose monotherapy. Participants, 56% men and 33% black, were randomized to usual diet (n = 296) or to Na+ decreases/K+ increases diet (n = 291) and within each diet group to placebo, 25 mg/day chlorthalidone, or 50 mg/day atenolol. Treatment failure was defined as lack of blood pressure control requiring additional drugs according to specified criteria. At baseline, the mean value for age was 48 years; blood pressure, 143/93 mm Hg; weight, 88 kg; and 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion rates, 133 and 57 mmol/day, respectively. At 3 years, the net difference in 24-h urinary sodium/potassium excretion rates between the Na+ decreases/K+ increases and the usual diet groups was -30 and +11 mmol/L/day. The relative risk of treatment failure for Na+ decreases/K+ increases compared to usual diet by proportional hazards regression was 0.95 (P = .71). This study provides no support for the sole use of a low-sodium/high-potassium diet as a practical therapeutic strategy in maintaining blood pressure control in the moderately obese.
authors: Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston 77030.
authors: B R
authors: BR
authors: Davis
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Oberman
authors: M D
authors: MD
authors: Blaufox
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Wassertheil-Smoller
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Zimbaldi
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Kirchner
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Wylie-Rosett
authors: H G
authors: HG
authors: Langford
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001262:Atenolol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002752:Chlorthalidone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine; D017419:Potassium, Dietary; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D017419:Potassium, Dietary; D001262:Atenolol; D012964:Sodium; D002752:Chlorthalidone; D011188:Potassium