title: Polymorphic reticulosis is a neoplasm of large granular lymphocytes with CD3+ phenotype.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polymorphic reticulosis, a type of lethal midline granuloma (LMG), has been referred to as nasal T-cell lymphoma (NTL) because of its proliferating cells' positive reactivity to anti-T-lymphocyte antibodies. Recently, several studies have suggested that proliferating cells in NTL may be natural killer (NK) in nature. NK cells and human nonmajor histocompatibility-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocytes have the morphology of large granular lymphocytes (LGL) (i.e., a high cytoplasmic:nuclear ratio and cytoplasmic granules). Whether NTL-LMG possesses an LGL morphology is examined in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two lymph node smears, peripheral blood showing a leukemic picture, and an electron microscope (EM) examination of a cutaneous lesion, respectively, were obtained from four patients with NTL-LMG. Immunohistochemical examination of the proliferating cells and of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome by both polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization also were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients presented with necrotic and granulomatous lesions in the upper respiratory tract. Histology showed polymorphous cellular infiltrates containing large atypical cells with positive reaction to CD3 (three patients), CD43 (two patients), CD45RO (two patients), and OPD4 (one patient). Imprint smears revealed azurophilic large membrane-delimited granules in an ample cytoplasm, which was confirmed by EM. The presence of the EBV genome in the tumor cells was observed in one patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current findings showed that NTL-LMG or polymorphic reticulosis is a proliferation of LGL with a CD3+ phenotype.
authors: Department of Pathology, Osaka University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Aozasa
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Ohsawa
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Tomita
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Tagawa
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Yamamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001483:Base Sequence; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006103:Granuloma, Lethal Midline / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008206:Lymphatic Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D017252:CD3 Complex