title: Cytokines and the Th1/Th2 paradigm in transplantation.
abstract: With studies elucidating the cytokine programs associated with T-cell activation, allograft rejection and tolerance induction, the Th1/Th2 paradigm has become a unifying model to explain the observed cytokine profiles. The proof that these cytokines mediate allograft tolerance, however, is at best indirect. More recent studies highlighting the redundant and pleiotropic nature of cytokine networks suggest that the Th1/Th2 paradigm may not be sufficient to explain fully the mechanisms underlying allograft tolerance.
authors: Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Nickerson
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Steurer
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Steiger
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Zheng
authors: A W
authors: AW
authors: Steele
authors: T B
authors: TB
authors: Strom
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology; D018448:Models, Immunological; D015398:Signal Transduction; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D014181:Transplantation Immunology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines