title: Different effects of amphetamine on reinforced variations versus repetitions in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).
abstract: The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) may serve as an animal model of human attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We compared performances of SHRs and Wistar-Kyoto normotensive controls rats (WKY) in two experiments. When rewarded for varying sequences of responses across two manipulanda, the SHRs were more likely to vary than the WKYs. On the other hand, when rewarded for repetitions of a small number of sequences, the WKYs were more likely to learn to repeat. Both of these results confirm previous findings. Injecting 0.75 mg/kg d-amphetamine facilitated learning by SHRs to repeat the required sequences, with amphetamine-injected SHRs learning as rapidly as saline-injected, control WKYs. On the other hand, amphetamine tended to increase variability in both strains when high levels of variations were required for reward, and to decrease it in both strains when low levels of variability were required. Thus, amphetamine may have different effects on reinforced repetitions vs. reinforced variations.
authors: Department of Psychology, Reed College, Portland, OR 97202.
authors: D M
authors: DM
authors: Mook
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Neuringer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000523:psychology*; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects*; D003913:Dextroamphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000187:drug effects*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D012055:Reinforcement Schedule; D012153:Retention, Psychology / Q000187:drug effects; D012691:Serial Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D003913:Dextroamphetamine