title: Etiopathogenesis of craniofacial anomalies.
abstract: This article reviews the current information available on the etiopathogenesis of craniofacial anomalies with a particular emphasis on craniosynostosis. The incidence of various types of craniosynostosis is presented, along with an overview of the causes of malformations and deformations. The basic development of cranial sutures and fusion is explored as a background for the exploration of advances in genetic and molecular biology. This information lays the foundation for our understanding of craniofacial deformities and their response to surgical treatment described in the the other articles of this issue.
authors: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors: C A
authors: CA
authors: Vander Kolk
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Beaty
mesh_terms: D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery; D003393:Cranial Sutures / Q000002:abnormalities; D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D012886:Skull / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery