Dietary polyunsaturated fat decreases interaction between low density lipoproteins and arterial proteoglycans.
Polyunsaturated dietary fat (n-3 and n-6) results in less atherosclerosis in monkeys compared to lard (Parks, J.S., Kaduck-Sawyer, J., Bullock, B.C., and Rudel, L.L., Arteriosclerosis 10, 1102-1112; Rudel, L.L., Parks, J.S., Johnson, F.L., and Babiak, J., J. Lipid Res. 27, 465-474, 1986). We hypothesized that this was due, in part, to a decreased reactivity of low density lipoproteins (LDL) with arterial proteoglycans (PG). To test this hypothesis, cynomolgus monkeys were fed diets containing lard, safflower oil (n-6 polyunsaturated; Poly), menhanden fish oil (FO), or oleic acid-rich safflower oil (oleinate; Mono) for 14 mon, and plasma LDL were isolated and characterized. Several properties of LDL thought to be important in the interaction of LDL with arterial PG were measured including LDL particle size, chemical composition, sialic acid content, density distribution, apolipoprotein E (apoE) content and cholesteryl ester transition temperature. Plasma LDL cholesterol concentrations (mg/dL) after 14 mon of diet consumption averaged (mean +/- SEM): FO (366 +/- 45), Lard (352 +/- 27), Poly (279 +/- 24), and Mono (230 +/- 43). The composition of LDL was similar among diet groups except that FO LDL were relatively depleted of cholesteryl ester and enriched in protein and were smaller in size. LDL sialic acid content was similar among diet groups (4.5-5.0 micrograms/mg LDL protein). The LDL apoE/B molar ratio, a measure of the apoE content per LDL particle averaged: Mono (3.0 +/- 1.0), Poly (2.0 +/- 0.1), Lard (1.8 +/- 0.5), and FO (1.0 +/- 0.2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Manning
J M
JM
Department of Comparative Medicine, Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157.
Gebre
A K
AK
Edwards
I J
IJ
Wagner
W D
WD
Rudel
L L
LL
Parks
J S
JS
D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000097:blood; D001158:Arteries / Q000378:metabolism*; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000209:etiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D012450:Safflower Oil / Q000494:pharmacology; D013816:Thermodynamics
D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D011509:Proteoglycans; C030104:lipoprotein cholesterol; D012450:Safflower Oil; D002784:Cholesterol; C029310:lard