title: Prevalence of retinopathy in a Sri Lankan diabetes clinic.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM) attending a Sri Lankan diabetes clinic and assess the skills of non-ophthalmologist in screening for retinal disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand and three consecutive diabetic patients were screened for diabetic eye disease using a standardised technique based on the WHO Multinational Study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  31.3% (95% confidence intervals 28.0% to 31.6%) had retinopathy, 23% (95% confidence intervals 21% to 25%) had cataract and 20% (95% confidence intervals 17% to 23%) had previously undetected refraction errors. 4.1% (95% confidence intervals 2.1% to 6.0%) of patients were blind due to advanced retinal disease while 6.2% (95% confidence intervals 5.0% to 7.2%) were blind as a result of cataract. General physicians had a 90.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity in screening for retinal disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retinopathy accounts for significant visual handicap. Untreated cataract is more commonly associated with blindness. Undiagnosed errors of refraction account for significant visual handicap in Sri Lankan diabetic patients. Physicians trained in techniques of retinal screening can correctly assess diabetic retinal changes in a high proportion of patients.
authors: Sri Jayawardenepura General Hospital, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
authors: D J
authors: DJ
authors: Fernando
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Siribaddana
authors: De Silva
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Subasinge
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D005194:Family Practice / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D008875:Middle Aged; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013188:Sri Lanka / Q000453:epidemiology