title: Occupational exposure to Mycobacterium bovis infection in deer and elk in Ontario.
abstract: In late 1991, two herds of deer and elk were depopulated at a slaughtering plant in Ontario, followed by processing of infected animals at a rendering plant. We conducted a questionnaire plus tuberculin skin-test survey of 104 exposed slaughtering and rendering plant workers, and government veterinarians and inspectors. Overall, 17 participants were skin-test positive, one of 51 initially skin-test negative subjects tested a second time three months later became positive, consistent with the risk associated with occupational exposure during the depopulation of tuberculous elk previously observed in Alberta. Deer farming is widespread, with 263 herds in Ontario. The likely route of transmission is through aerosols. Possible reasons for the low conversion rate include the use of respiratory protection, absence of a tanning plant, an enclosed rendering plant process, and late skin testing which may have underestimated the number of conversions. Recommendations for prevention are summarized; in particular, respiratory protection for work with infected herds should probably include high efficiency particulate face masks.
authors: Health and Safety Studies Unit, Ontario Ministry of Labour, Toronto.
authors: G M
authors: GM
authors: Liss
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Wong
authors: D C
authors: DC
authors: Kittle
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Simor
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Naus
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Martiquet
authors: C R
authors: CR
authors: Misener
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D003670:Deer; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D016272:Occupational Health; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012882:Skin Tests; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014373:Tuberculin; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission* / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D014373:Tuberculin