title: Effects of glucose and fructose solutions on food intake and gastric emptying in nonobese women.
abstract: The differential effects of fructose and glucose on food intake were studied by giving two concentrations (1 and 10%) of glucose and fructose solutions (500 ml) to one group of women 30 min, and to another 135 min, before a meal of macaroni and beef. The 1% solutions of each sugar were sweetened to match 10% fructose by selective additions of aspartame. Gastric emptying of the 10% solutions and water was measured for 90 min. Under the 30-min delay, subjects ate a mean of 75.8 g more (P < 0.05) after the 1% solutions than after water, and 52.2 g (P > 0.05) less after the 10% solutions than after water, but there were no differences in intake between types of sugar under either delay nor between concentrations at the 135-min delay. However, 10% fructose and 1% glucose sweetened to match it reduced intake significantly compared with water. Glucose (10%) emptied significantly slower (t1/2 = 93.61 min) than water (t1/2 = 29.77 min), while fructose (10%) was intermediate (t1/2 = 65.45 min). Therefore, gastric emptying differences did not account for these results. We conclude that sweetener-enhanced dilute sugar solutions may increase subsequent intake at 30 min, but dilute glucose solutions may have potential for substantial energy savings if consumed 135 min before a meal.
authors: Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Guss
authors: H R
authors: HR
authors: Kissileff
authors: F X
authors: FX
authors: Pi-Sunyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000187:drug effects*; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger; D012527:Satiation / Q000187:drug effects; D012996:Solutions; D013649:Taste; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012996:Solutions; D005632:Fructose; D005947:Glucose