title: Cardiovascular and single unit responses elicited by stimulation of the islands of Calleja and by changes in arterial pressure.
abstract: Recent experiments in this laboratory have investigated the distribution of the nuclear protein Fos in the rat brain after unilateral electrical stimulation of the aortic depressor nerve and have revealed intense ipsilateral straining in the islands of Calleja. To test the hypothesis that the islands of Calleja may have a role in cardiovascular control, we tested the effect on arterial pressure and heart rate of microinjection of L-glutamate into the islands of Calleja of the artificially ventilated, urethane anesthetized rat. Microinjection of glutamate into the islands of Calleja resulted in a decrease in arterial pressure (24.5 +/- 1.5 mmHg) and heart rate (16.6 +/- 1.6 bpm). These responses were eliminated by i.v. injection of propranolol or by transection of the spinal cord at the C1 level. These results are the first demonstration that the islands of Calleja are involved in mediating cardiovascular reflexes primarily through an influence on sympathetic outflow to the heart and vessels. To determine the effects of increases or decreases of arterial pressure on single unit activity in the islands of Calleja, responses of single units in the islands to i.v. injection of phenylephrine or sodium nitroprusside were recorded. Of 87 units recorded from in the islands of Calleja, 40 (46%) responded to phenylephrine and 27 (68%) decreased their firing frequency. Of these 27, 16 (59.3%) increased their firing frequency to administration of nitroprusside. In addition, in 11 (31%) of 35 units recorded from in the islands, glutamate microinjection in the nucleus tractus solitarius decreased the firing frequency in 9 (82%) units.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors: Department of Physiology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
authors: F R
authors: FR
authors: Calaresu
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: V C
authors: VC
authors: Chitravanshi
authors: D J
authors: DJ
authors: McKitrick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011311:Pressoreceptors / Q000502:physiology; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D009599:Nitroprusside; D010656:Phenylephrine; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D011433:Propranolol