title: Relation of epidermal growth factor receptor and estrogen receptor-independent pS2 protein to the malignant transformation of mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) and pS2 protein in the evolution of malignancy in mucinous cystic tumors of the pancreas.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Mucinous cystic tumors of the pancreas include histologically benign but premalignant mucinous cystic neoplasms and mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. The molecular events leading to transformation from a benign to a malignant mucinous tumor are not known. Overexpression of EGF-R and detection of an estrogen-induced protein (pS2) has been demonstrated in ductal adenocarcinomas of the pancreas, but these factors have not been evaluated in mucinous cystic tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six mucinous tumors were examined for EGF-R, pS2 protein, and estrogen and progesterone receptors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight (61.2%) of 13 malignant tumors exhibited increased expression of EGF-R, whereas EGF-R was not detected in any of the 13 benign tumors (P = .002). The pS2 protein was detected in nine of 11 malignant and 11 of 11 benign tumors (P = .480). Estrogen and progesterone receptors were not detected in the epithelium of either tumor type. The median survival time of the patients with EGF-R-negative tumors was 29.0 months compared with 14.5 months for those with EGF-R-positive tumors, but this difference did not reach significance owing to the small population size.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overexpression of EGF-R in mucinous cystic tumors, as in ductal adenocarcinomas, may be an important feature associated with malignancy and may have prognostic significance. Failure to detect EGF-R in histologically benign epithelium suggests that the upregulation of EGF-R may be important in the evolution of aggressive behavior. The expression of pS2 protein appears to be independent of estrogen and may play a role in the proliferative activity of mucinous tumors. However, pS2 expression is not a feature associated exclusively with malignancy.
authors: Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston.
authors: R E
authors: RE
authors: Kirby
authors: K B
authors: KB
authors: Lewandrowski
authors: J F
authors: JF
authors: Southern
authors: C C
authors: CC
authors: Compton
authors: A L
authors: AL
authors: Warshaw
mesh_terms: D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology; D018282:Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008679:Metaplasia; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010181:Pancreatic Cyst / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011506:Proteins; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071163:Trefoil Factor-1; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; C051838:TFF1 protein, human; D000071163:Trefoil Factor-1; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D066246:ErbB Receptors