title: Evaluation of a twice-a-week application of 1% niclosamide lotion in preventing Schistosoma haematobium reinfection.
abstract: A randomized double-blind trial was conducted to assess the efficacy of a twice-a-week application of 1% niclosamide lotion for prevention of Schistosoma haematobium reinfection. Six hundred farmers in Fayoum, Egypt, 18-40 years of age, were treated to cure their S. haematobium infection, then randomly assigned to self-apply niclosamide or placebo lotion to their limbs, neck, and torso. Subjects were exposed to schistosomal-infested water during routine irrigation activities from April to October 1992. Three hundred fifty subjects met the inclusion criteria and completed the trial, 169 (48.3%) in the niclosamide group and 181 (51.7%) in the placebo group. The subjects assigned to the niclosamide-treated group were comparable with those in the placebo group in age (27.2 versus 27.8 years), total water contact (101.9 versus 109.0 hr), lotion application compliance (93.5% versus 90.6%), and avoidance of whole body water contact (94.7% versus 96.7%). The reinfection rate with S. haematobium was 30.8% in the niclosamide-treated group and 28.2% in the placebo group. Niclosamide lotion applied to the limbs and trunk twice a week failed to prevent S. haematobium reinfection.
authors: U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, Cairo, Egypt.
authors: J K
authors: JK
authors: Podgore
authors: R R
authors: RR
authors: Abu-Elyazeed
authors: N S
authors: NS
authors: Mansour
authors: F G
authors: FG
authors: Youssef
authors: R G
authors: RG
authors: Hibbs
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Gere
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000382:Agricultural Workers' Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004534:Egypt; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009534:Niclosamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence; D012553:Schistosomiasis haematobia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012646:Self Administration; D014556:Urine / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D009534:Niclosamide