title: Evidence for the effect of antibodies to TSH receptors on the thyroid ultrasonographic volume in patients with Graves' disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been demonstrated that antibodies (Ab) to thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors (R), which stimulate the thyroid gland, induce hyperthyroidism in patients with Graves' disease. Furthermore, it has been shown in thyroid cells in culture that thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor Ab acts through the adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate pathway which stimulates both thyroid hormonogenesis and growth. We investigated the relations between thyroid autoimmunity expression and thyroid ultrasonographic parameters or thyroid hormonal status in patients with Graves' disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study of 53 consecutive patients referred with untreated Graves' disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measurements were made of serum TSH-R, peroxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin (Tg) Ab and basal plasma free T4 (FT4), free T3 (FT3) and TSH. Thyroid morphological characteristics (number and total volume of nodule(s), total volume of lobes and total thyroid volume) were determined by ultrasonography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant correlations (P < 0.001) between TSH-RAb levels and FT4 values (r = 0.48) or FT3 levels (r = 0.46). Likewise, significant correlations were found between TSH-RAb levels and total lobe volume values (r = 0.56, P < 0.001), total nodular volume values (r = 0.59, P < 0.01) or total thyroid volume values (r = 0.63, P < 0.001). By contrast, no correlation was found between TSH-RAb levels and the number of nodules or between any of the ultrasonographic parameters and TPOAb levels or TgAB values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates, in vivo, that TSH receptor antibodies modulate the thyroid ultrasonographic extranodular and nodular volumes in patients with Graves' disease.
authors: Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Michel Hospital, Paris, France.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Rieu
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Raynaud
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Richard
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Laplanche
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Sambor
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Berrod
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin / Q000276:immunology*; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin; D013974:Thyroxine