title: Role of pericardial constraint for right ventricular function in humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the extent of pericardial constraint on right ventricular function in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients, 59 +/- 2 (mean +/- SEM) years old, undergoing coronary bypass surgery. Right ventricular volumes and pressures were evaluated using a rapid response Swan-Ganz thermodilution catheter.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parameters were determined before and after pericardiotomy, both before and during increased right ventricular systolic pressure by partial compression of the pulmonary artery (before pulmonary compression: 25 +/- 1 mm Hg; during: 39 +/- 1 mm Hg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pericardiotomy alone did not significantly affect right ventricular end-diastolic volume (before: 79 +/- 4 mL m-2; after: 78 +/- 3 mL m-2), right ventricular ejection fraction (before: 48 +/- 1%; after: 48 +/- 2%), and right atrial pressure (before: 4.3 +/- 0.8 mm Hg; after: 4.3 +/- 0.7 mm Hg). Before pericardiotomy, the increase in right ventricular afterload significantly increased right atrial pressure (to 5.5 +/- 0.7 mm Hg, p < 0.05) and reduced right ventricular ejection fraction (to 43 +/- 2%, p < 0.01). Right ventricular end-diastolic volume remained unchanged. After pericardiotomy, the increase in right ventricular afterload significantly increased right ventricular end-diastolic volume (to 85 +/- 3 mL m-2, p < 0.01) and also reduced right ventricular ejection fraction (to 42 +/- 2%, p < 0.01), while right atrial pressure was not significantly changed. During increased right ventricular afterload, the right ventricular diastolic pressure-volume relation was shifted rightward.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At normal levels of right ventricular diastolic filling, the pericardium does not exert constraining effects on right ventricular function. However, with increasing levels of right ventricular preload, pericardial constraint significantly influences right ventricular function in humans.
authors: Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany.
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Burger
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Straube
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Behne
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Sarai
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Beyersdorf
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Eckel
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Dereser
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Satter
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Kaltenbach
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010492:Pericardiectomy; D010496:Pericardium / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013815:Thermodilution; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right / Q000502:physiology*; D017725:Ventricular Pressure