title: A descriptive study of immune status in patients undergoing colorectal surgery: lymphocyte phenotypes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe immune status in patients prior to colorectal surgery for cancer, to establish values to serve as a baseline for subsequent analyses, and to describe a procedure for studying phenotypes of the immune system, elucidating its advantages.
  
  
  METHODS
  One component of a larger longitudinal survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two large, inner-city university hospitals and two of their affiliated hospitals in the northeastern United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer (N = 94). Subjects were primarily male (n = 57) and Caucasian (n = 85) and ranged in age from 26-88 years (mean = 63). Seventy-seven percent (n = 73) had cancer, 23% (n = 21) had benign diseases or conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Flow cytometry analysis of lymphocyte phenotypes was performed on blood samples drawn from patients before they underwent surgery for colorectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The average absolute lymphocyte subset levels and the average relative lymphocyte subset levels of blood samples taken from patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer were compared (using t-tests) with the subset levels of two normal reference samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average absolute lymphocyte subset levels and average relative lymphocyte subset levels of patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer fell within normal ranges.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that this sample of patients undergoing surgery has one essential element of an intact immune system--normal levels of lymphocyte subsets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is no indication preoperatively that this population is at a higher risk for infection or delayed wound healing. However, there may be other times in the illness trajectory when the immune system does become compromised, and these values prior to surgery will serve as a baseline to identify changes in patients' immune status over time. Further longitudinal studies are necessary.
authors: Center for Advancing Care in Serious Illness, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia.
authors: A W
authors: AW
authors: Tax
authors: A J
authors: AJ
authors: Orsi
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Lafferty
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Barsevick
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Luborsky
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Prystowsky
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Nahass
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Lowery
authors: R
authors: R
authors: McCorkle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets; D008214:Lymphocytes; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000276:immunology