title: A comparison of amethocaine cream with lignocaine-prilocaine cream (EMLA) for reducing pain during retrobulbar injection.
abstract: A prospective, randomised, double-masked, placebo-controlled study was carried out on 169 patients undergoing cataract extraction to compare the topical anaesthetic cream amethocaine with EMLA (eutetic mixture of local anaesthetic, lignocaine and prilocaine) and placebo in reducing pain during retrobulbar injection. Fifty-eight patients received EMLA, 55 amethocaine and 56 the placebo. The pain was assessed objectively by the anaesthetist and subjectively by the patient. Significantly lower pain scores were observed in those patients who had amethocaine (p < 0.001) or EMLA (p < 0.005) in comparison with those who had placebo, but there was no statistical difference between amethocaine and EMLA (p > 0.1; t-test). No systemic or local side-effects were encountered in any group.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Southport and Formby NHS Trust, District General Hospital, Merseyside, UK.
authors: P W
authors: PW
authors: Joyce
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Sunderraj
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Villada
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Kirby
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Watson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections / Q000009:adverse effects; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077442:Lidocaine, Prilocaine Drug Combination; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011318:Prilocaine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013748:Tetracaine / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000077442:Lidocaine, Prilocaine Drug Combination; D011318:Prilocaine; D013748:Tetracaine; D008012:Lidocaine