title: Communicating with the deaf patient.
abstract: Three levels of deafness exist: persons who are born deaf, persons who lost hearing after speech was acquired, and persons with sudden deafness. Nurses need to find methods to communicate with the patient, and not the family in lieu of the patient. Props, audio-visual aids, gestures, and written information should be used.
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Ekstrom
mesh_terms: D003142:Communication; D003638:Deafness / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D009730:Nursing Assessment