[Cytokine therapy of superficial bladder carcinoma. Mechanisms of action and results of therapy].
The object of immunotherapy is the elimination of tumor cells mediated by modulation of the immune system. This can be achieved by different mechanisms, i.e. cell-mediated and humorally mediated immune reactions. Immunotherapy can be classified as passive, adoptive, active and non-conventional. Most clinical experience has been gathered with unspecific active immunotherapy. Superficial bladder carcinomas can be treated by intravesical application of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) or of different cytokines, i.e., interferons or interleukin-2. Since there has not so far been any standard immunotherapy for superficial bladder carcinoma, the efficacy of therapy with cytokines should be evaluated in clinical studies (phase II/III) only.
Otto
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Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universität, GHS Essen.
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D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D016207:Cytokines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
D016207:Cytokines
Zytokintherapie oberflächlicher Harnblasenkarzinome. Wirkmechanismen und Therapieresultate.