Effect of fiber source on short-chain fatty acid production and on the growth and toxin production by Clostridium difficile.
BACKGROUND
Fermentable fiber promotes the growth of resident gut microbes, which modify the environment of the gastrointestinal tract and thus prevent colonization by Clostridium difficile.


METHODS
An in vitro system with pigs as fecal inoculum donors was used to estimate fiber fermentability and changes in intestinal microbiota.


RESULTS
Acetate and propionate production (mumol/mg substrate fermented/day) was greatest for gum arabic (1013.4 and 704.1, respectively); butyrate production was greatest for xylo-oligosaccharide (345.6). Growth of total anaerobes and clostridia was greatest for gum arabic (21.2 and 16.2 x 10(8) counts/ml, respectively) and xylo-oligosaccharides (21.0 and 19.6 x 10(8) respectively); growth of acidogenic bacteria was greatest with fructo-oligosaccharide (6.7 x 10(8) counts/ml). No culturable counts of C. difficile were obtained, nor was toxin A detected.


CONCLUSIONS
Fermentable fibers support the growth of indigenous intestinal bacteria, particularly acidogenic bacteria, and yield large amounts of short-chain fatty acids with decreased gut pH. These factors contribute to the prevention of growth and toxin elaboration by C. difficile.
Dept. of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana.
T
T
May
R I
RI
Mackie
G C
GC
Fahey
J C
JC
Cremin
K A
KA
Garleb
D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism*; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D006170:Gum Arabic / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D010368:Pectins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine
D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D003470:Culture Media; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D010368:Pectins; D006170:Gum Arabic; D002482:Cellulose