Haplotype analysis of MEN 2 mutations.
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) is a dominantly inherited cancer syndrome which affects thyroid C cells, and with variable frequency, the adrenal medulla, parathyroid and enteric autonomic ganglia. The syndrome is due to germline mutation in the receptor tyrosine kinase gene, RET. We have recently shown an unexpected correlation between one particular RET mutation, cys634-->arg, and the probability of parathyroid involvement in families with MEN 2A. Here we use haplotype analysis in the families to show that this correlation is not explained by a single founder chromosome which carries both the cys634-->arg mutation and a separate allele conferring susceptibility to parathyroid abnormality, but is probably due to the cys634-->arg mutation itself. The results also indicate that new mutations to MEN 2 are not infrequent.
Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK.
E
E
Gardner
L M
LM
Mulligan
C
C
Eng
C S
CS
Healey
J B
JB
Kwok
M A
MA
Ponder
B A
BA
Ponder
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001120:Arginine; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002879:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D003545:Cysteine; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D018813:Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a / Q000235:genetics*; D017354:Point Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051096:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D015183:Restriction Mapping
D003062:Codon; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D001120:Arginine; D051096:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C416649:Ret protein, Drosophila; D003545:Cysteine