The mechanisms of regulation of vitamin D metabolism in the kidney.
Recently, the 24-hydroxylase enzyme of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 was purified from rat and chick kidney, and its complementary DNA was cloned. The length of the rat 24-hydroxylase gene is about 15 kbp with 12 exons. Cloning of the 24-hydroxylase gene made it possible to examine the mechanism of regulation of vitamin D metabolism at the gene level. Expression of renal 24-hydroxylase mRNA is regulated by a balance of plasma parathyroid hormone and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 levels, whereas intestinal 24-hydroxylase mRNA is regulated mainly by plasma 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. This article reviews recent progress in understanding the molecular aspects of vitamin D metabolism.
Suda
T
T
Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
Shinki
T
T
Kurokawa
K
K
D000818:Animals; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000097:blood; D002645:Chickens; D053493:Cholestanetriol 26-Monooxygenase; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D005091:Exons; D015870:Gene Expression; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism*; D065668:Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase
D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014807:Vitamin D; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases; C506831:CYP27A1 protein, human; D053493:Cholestanetriol 26-Monooxygenase; D065668:Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase; D002117:Calcitriol