Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity and biochemical characterization of rat visceral yolk-sac during gestation with or without trypan blue exposure.
Yolk-sacs from untreated Sprague-Dawley rat conceptuses were removed on gestational days (GD) 9 to 18 and examined for gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activities. All enzyme activities were found to increase through gestation in total activity as well as in specific activity. Protein (PRO) and urea nitrogen (UN) were also found to increase through gestation whereas triglyceride (TRI) increased steadily from GD 9 to 13 and then appeared to plateau through GD 19. Additional rats were treated on GD 8 with 75 mg trypan blue (TB)/kg body weight and yolk-sacs taken on GD 9 to 18. Yolk-sac GGT and GOT activities from TB-treated rats were significantly higher than the respective controls during early gestation but recovered to or were lower than control levels during midgestation. GGT activity in treated rats was significantly higher than the controls on GD 15 and 16, and both GGT and GOT were significantly lower than controls on GD 17 and 18. AP activity in the TB-treated yolk-sacs was significantly lower than that in controls during early and midgestation but was not significantly different from the control values late in gestation. Triglyceride concentration was not affected early in gestation but significantly decreased on GD 16 and 18. Thus, the yolk-sac enzymes monitored, which are associated with nutrition and normal growth, increased in activity through GD 18. The yolk-sac toxicant, trypan blue, significantly affected enzymatic activity at various time periods during gestation and resulted in significant changes in yolk-sac protein and triglyceride content.
Developmental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
J E
JE
Andrews
M
M
Ebron-McCoy
T R
TR
Logsdon
J
J
Richards
J M
JM
Rogers
D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D007064:L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D014343:Trypan Blue / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D014508:Urea / Q000032:analysis; D015017:Yolk Sac / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism*
D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D014508:Urea; D007064:L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D014343:Trypan Blue