Liquid disinfecting and sterilization reprocessors used for flexible endoscopes.
In this issue, we evaluate three liquid disinfecting flexible endoscope reprocessors that can be used with a user-supplied liquid chemical germicide (LCG), primarily for high-level disinfection (HLD). Applying most of the same criteria and test methods, we also evaluated a fourth unit, presented separately, that is marketed as a liquid sterilizing reprocessor and must be used with manufacturer-supplied, single-use containers of LCG. Although the sterilizing unit can be used for rigid endoscopes, surgical instruments, and endoscopic accessories, we evaluated its application to the reprocessing of only flexible endoscopes. Our ratings are based on the following: (1) basic performance, such as compatibility with several different types of endoscopes and LCGs, inclusion of all essential reprocessing phases, and exposure of all endoscope surfaces to the LCG and rinse water; (2) safety, such as ensuring that essential reprocessing phases cannot be skipped or omitted, that personnel exposure to LCG vapors is minimized, and that the reprocessor is unlikely to contaminate the endoscope during reprocessing; and (3) human factors design, such as ease of use and installation. We did not perform microbiological testing to confirm HLD or sterilization by any of the evaluated reprocessors because, with a suitably clean endoscope that is in good condition, no evidence indicates that the LCGs used would not be effective on the surfaces that they contact; also, the results would be unique to the two flexible endoscopes that we used for our testing. We rated all four reprocessors Conditionally Acceptable. The units are Acceptable on the condition that users understand that they cannot be used to process the elevator cable channel of side-viewing duodenoscopes; additional conditions apply only to the liquid disinfecting units. However, if the conditions are met, all four units reduce the likelihood of using a contaminated endoscope on a patient and reduce personnel exposure to the LCG. Selection of a unit will be based on the needs and preferences of the individual healthcare facility. Our ratings also assume that these units will be used according to the manufacturers' instructions and the endoscope's operator's manual. Note that, although the evaluated liquid disinfecting units provide detergent-flushing, post-detergent water-rinse, and post-detergent water-rinse-removal phases, manual cleaning of endoscopes before automatic reprocessing is essential, regardless of which reprocessor is used.
D020680:Bronchoscopes; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000379:methods; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000517:prevention & control; D004203:Disinfection / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004867:Equipment Design; D017743:Equipment Reuse / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards; D004869:Equipment Safety; D004865:Equipment and Supplies, Hospital / Q000592:standards*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005976:Glutaral; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D011682:Purchasing, Hospital; D013242:Sterilization / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D013673:Technology Assessment, Biomedical / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D014465:Ultrasonics
D005976:Glutaral