Spatial measurement and transformation of muscular attachments at the lower extremity.
A large number of spatial coordinates were directly measured on two wet anatomical muscle specimens with a measuring device specifically designed to collect cylindrical coordinates. Three-dimensional coordinates of muscle attachment circumferences, joint centres and bone landmarks were collected. All the measured points of a segment, including the adjacent joint centres, were referred to a reference system defined by three marked screw heads at the femur and tibia. The points of the pelvic segment were referred to three marks on a lumbar mounting plate. This approach allows one to define and to transform the data to any reference frame.
Lengsfeld
M
M
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Philipps-University of Marburg, Germany.
Stammberger
U
U
Reech
S
S
D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D013710:Tendons / Q000033:anatomy & histology*