Metallothionein genes in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and metal inducibility in mammalian culture cells.
Genomic DNAs of metallothionein I and II in Caenorhabditis elegans (CeMT-I and CeMT-II) were isolated by YAC library/polytene filter hybridization followed by subcloning of corresponding cosmid clones. Both genes are mapped at chromosome V. Although the similarities of 5'-flanking regions and coding regions have shown only 55-58%, the introns are split at the same position in both genes, indicating that these two genes are originally from the same gene. While several metal responsive elements are conserved among eukaryotes, only one metal responsive element was found in the promoter region in CeMT-II and not in CeMT-I. Indeed, neither of 5'-flanking regions of CeMT-I nor CeMT-II connected to chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene is responsive to heavy metals in mammalian culture cells by transient transfection analysis. These results would suggest that the metal regulatory factors in C. elegans might be different from those conserved in invertebrates and vertebrates, although the MTs in C. elegans revealed the similarities to mammalian MTs in several points.
College of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Chiba, Japan.
F
F
Kugawa
H
H
Yamamoto
S
S
Osada
M
M
Aoki
M
M
Imagawa
T
T
Nishihara
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D006801:Humans; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid
D002104:Cadmium; D008668:Metallothionein