Depressed CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferative response and enhanced antibody response to viral antigen in chronic lentivirus-induced arthritis.
The proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) surface glycoprotein (SU) was depressed 4- to 20-fold in Saanen goats with chronic CAEV-induced arthritis compared with asymptomatic goats. Phytohemagglutinin-stimulated responses were not depressed. Complement depletion of PBMC with anti-CD4 or anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies identified CD4+ T lymphocytes as the antigen-responsive cells in both high-responder asymptomatic goats and low-responder arthritic goats. Serum antibody titers to CAEV SU were 8- to 32-fold higher in goats with chronic arthritis. Increased anti-CAEV SU titers as early as 3 months after infection predicted the eventual development of clinical arthritis. Thus, CAEV-induced arthritis is associated with chronic B cell activation resulting from dominant type 2 immune responses to viral antigen. The clinical outcome of CAEV infection may be determined by differential activation of type 1 or 2 T lymphocyte phenotypes at or near the time of initial exposure to CAEV.
Dept. of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-7040.
L L
LL
Perry
M J
MJ
Wilkerson
G A
GA
Hullinger
W P
WP
Cheevers
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016088:Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D006041:Goats; D016180:Lentivirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins