Effect of anti-V3 antibodies on cell-free and cell-to-cell human immunodeficiency virus transmission.
The present study was undertaken to compare the effects of a type-specific (HIV-1 MN) anti-V3 antibody on in vitro human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in systems of cell-free versus cell-to-cell transmission of virus. Anti-V3 antibody completely prevented HIV-1 infection when cell-free virus was the sole mechanism of infection. A significant reduction of the neutralizing activity of the anti-V3 antibody was observed when infectivity was dependent on both cell-free and cell-to-cell mechanisms of infection. Furthermore, when cell-to-cell transfer of virions was the primary mechanism of HIV-1 infection, inhibition of HIV-1 infection was not observed. Therefore, a potent neutralizing antibody with a single epitope specificity failed to effectively control dissemination of a persistent HIV-1 infection in a system characterized predominantly by cell-to-cell transfer of virus.
Pantaleo
G
G
Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Demarest
J F
JF
Vaccarezza
M
M
Graziosi
C
C
Bansal
G P
GP
Koenig
S
S
Fauci
A S
AS
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D002469:Cell Separation; D002474:Cell-Free System; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000821:virology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000635:transmission; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; C059762:HIV envelope protein gp120 (305-321); D010446:Peptide Fragments