Hematological, electrolyte, and biochemical alterations after a 100-km run.
Seven well-trained male long-distance runners were studied during a 100-km road race. Hematologic parameters, plasma electrolytes, glucose, lactate, urea, and creatinine content in plasma and the activity of the enzymes gamma-glutamyltransferase and creatinine kinase were determined before and after the race. A slight increase in hematocrit was found after the race, although the red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration remained unchanged. Further, a significant rise in the number of white blood cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophils was found after the race. Postrun concentrations of plasma sodium and potassium increased significantly from 142 +/- 7 to 161 +/- 7 mmol.L-1, and from 4.22 +/- 0.37 to 5.15 +/- 0.46 mmol.L-1 (p < 0.05), respectively. Plasma concentrations of lactate (1.29 +/- 0.31 vs. 3.57 +/- 1.22 mmol.L-1), urea (6.09 +/- 1.0 vs. 8.35 +/- 1.35 mmol.L-1), creatinine (73.4 +/- 3.5 vs. 117.6 +/- 19.4 mumol.L-1), plasma creatine kinase (91.1 +/- 25.1 vs. 2843 +/- 2341 IU.L-1), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (20.28 +/- 1.88 vs. 24.14 +/- 4.09 IU .L-1) increased significantly (p < 0.05) after the run. It was concluded that during ultralong-distance races, acute renal dysfunction and muscle damage could contribute to the observed hypernatremia and hyperkalemia.
Dept. of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.
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D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood*; D004906:Erythrocyte Count; D006400:Hematocrit; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D010953:Plasma Volume; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004573:Electrolytes; D006454:Hemoglobins; D007773:Lactates; D014508:Urea; D012964:Sodium; D003404:Creatinine; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D011188:Potassium