Infant-feeding practices in urban and rural communities of the Sudan.
Infant-feeding and weaning practices were investigated in a multistage randomly selected sample of 1,039 Sudanese mothers who represented six of the nine States of the Sudan. The majority (77.9%) believed that breast milk was best for their babies, emphasizing the previously reported high breast-feeding rate in Sudanese mothers. Food supplementation started by 6 months in 82.5% mainly in urban middle and high classes (UMC and UHC) compared to urban poor class (UPC) and the rural group (RG; p < 0.001). A mixture of food items was used for supplementation by 62.1% of the study group, whereas giving one food item was significantly more practised in RG (54.9%) compared to others (p < 0.001). Household food was introduced by 6 months in 35.4%. Weaning started between 6 and 12 months in 27.1% and thereafter in 64.9%. A greater proportion of rural mothers (36.5%) weaned their babies after the age of 18 months (p < 0.001). About half the children (52.8%) were weaned abruptly, mainly among UPC and RG. The first food item of choice for weaning was fresh goat's or cow's milk (77.6%), followed by powdered or formula milk (16.1%). The commonest second preferred food was a starch gruel (39.1%) made either of rice (24.5%) or fermented sorghum.
el Bushra
H M
HM
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
Salih
M A
MA
Satti
S A
SA
Ahmed
M el F
Mel F
Kamil
I A
IA
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002417:Cattle; D005518:Food Preferences; D006041:Goats; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008892:Milk; D011897:Random Allocation; D012424:Rural Population; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013397:Sudan; D014505:Urban Population; D014886:Weaning