Glomerular dynamics and morphology of aged spontaneously hypertensive rats. Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition.
Relationships between glomerular dynamics and renal injury, micropuncture and histological studies were assessed in 73 week-old normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats divided into untreated and angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitor-treated (quinapril; 3 mg/kg/day; for 3 weeks) groups. Urinary protein excretion (UPE) and histologic arteriolar (AIS) and glomerular (GIS) injury scores were determined. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) of untreated SHR was increased compared with WKY (200 +/- 6 vs 119 +/- 4 mm Hg; P < 0.01), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) was reduced (1.47 +/- 0.21 vs 3.06 +/- 0.26 ml/min/per g; P > 0.01), and filtration fraction (FF) and total renal vascular resistance (RVR) of SHR were increased (P < 0.01). Single-nephron plasma flow (SNPF) of untreated SHR was decreased (174 +/- 17 vs 80 +/- 9 ml/min; P < 0.01), and single-nephron filtration fraction and afferent arteriolar resistance (RA) were increased (19.4 +/- 1.8 vs 30.0 +/- 2.5% and 1.90 +/- 0.25 vs 9.05 +/- 1.35 U, respectively; both P < 0.01). Despite reduced SNPF, glomerular capillary pressure (PG) increased (49.7 +/- 0.7 vs 53.8 +/- 1.3 mm Hg; P < 0.05), the result of efferent arteriolar constriction (1.15 +/- 0.18 vs 2.84 +/- 0.36 U; P < 0.01). Untreated SHR had higher UPE (13.9 +/- 1.5 vs 42.8 +/- 3.2; mg/100 g per day; P < 0.01) and GIS and AIS scores than WKY (4.3 +/- 1.1 vs 64.3 +/- 8.4 and 16.6 +/- 3.1 vs 96.3 +/- 14.4; both P < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Hypertension Research Laboratories, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70121.
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D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001160:Arterioles / Q000473:pathology; D001835:Body Weight; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006973:Hypertension / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D009929:Organ Size; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D012079:Renal Circulation
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors