title: Risk factors of bleeding diathesis secondary to low prothrombin complex level in infants: a preliminary report.
abstract: Twenty infants aged 2 weeks to 3 months with the diagnosis of bleeding disorder secondary to low prothrombin complex level were studied. Sixty children of the control group were matched to the cases by age +/- 2 weeks, sex and race. The ratio of boys to girls was 2.3:1. The median, mean, and range of age of the cases and controls were 43.5 days, 43.7 days, 21-73 days and 43.5 days, 46.8 days, 26-28 days respectively. Most of them were pale with a mean hematocrit of 23.55%. The partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time were markedly prolonged. The means of vitamin K dependent coagulation factors II, VII, IX and X were 1.10%, 5.87%, 2.86%, and 4.47% of adult activity, respectively. The clinical manifestations related to the bleeding of the cases were drowsiness and convulsion (95%), pallor (85%), and apparent bleeding (10%). The sites of the bleeding were demonstrated in the cranial cavity (95%), gastrointestinal tract and oral cavity (15%), and skin (5%). Nineteen patients with intracranial hemorrhage had bleeding in the subdural space (79%), intracerebral (42%), intraventricular (32%), and subarachnoid space (5.2%). The mortality rate and permanent brain damage occurred in 10% and 45%, respectively. Only 45% of the cases recovered normally. The permanent neurological sequelaes were hemiparesis (44.4%), microcephaly (33.3%), convulsive disorder (33.3%), mental retardation (33.3%), spasticity (22.2%), and hydrocephalus (11.1%). Breast feeding alone up to the day of study (OR = 7.0, p < 0.005) was found to be a significant risk factor for bleeding in these infants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Pansatiankul
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruengsuwan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lektrakul
mesh_terms: D001942:Breast Feeding; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007020:Hypoprothrombinemias / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000151:congenital; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D012307:Risk Factors; D013785:Thailand; D014812:Vitamin K / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014812:Vitamin K