title: Development and characterization of microencapsulated microspheres.
abstract: A process for the coating of polymer microspheres with the same or different polymers and the characterization of these particles is described. Coated microspheres were manufactured from degradable and non-degradable polymers. Several physicochemical methods were used to establish that the particles were fully coated. Polarized light microscopy revealed strong birefringence of coated microspheres resulting in the appearance of Maltese Crosses on coated microspheres. After staining the core and the coating of particles using different fluorescent dyes, the uneven distribution of the dyes in the core and on the surface allows one to verify the coating success. After cutting microspheres using a cryomicrotome we were able to assess the microstructure of the coated microspheres. Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA) was used to determine the surface composition of coated microspheres. Determining the carbon and oxygen content of samples we were able to verify the completeness of the coating procedure. To examine the benefit of coating microspheres, the effect of coating on the release of tetanus toxoid from polylactide microspheres was studied as a possible pharmaceutical application.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Göpferich
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Langer
mesh_terms: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008863:Microspheres; D011108:Polymers
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D011108:Polymers