title: Glutathione transferase (GSTM1) null genotype, smoking, and prevalence of colorectal adenomas.
abstract: Colorectal cancer is caused by environmental exposures and genetic predisposition. However, little is known of hereditary factors that influence development of common, non-Mendelian forms of this cancer. Interactions among carcinogen exposure, hereditary variants of enzymes involved in carcinogen metabolism, and other host factors may play a role. Genetic polymorphisms of carcinogen metabolism, such as the glutathione transferase M1 (GSTM1) null genotype, are thus possibly related to cancer risk. The GSTM1 enzyme detoxifies mutagens formed from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which are found in tobacco smoke. We analyzed GSTM1 genotypes and smoking among 488 controls and 446 individuals with a first time diagnosis of colorectal adenomas which are precursors to cancer. Subjects were from two Kaiser Permanente sigmoidoscopy clinics in southern California. We observed no overall effect of the GSTM1 null genotype on the risk for colorectal adenomas (odds ratio, 0.85; 95% confidence interval = 0.65-1.10). The odds ratio for smokers with the null genotype was 2.07 (95% confidence interval = 1.14-3.77) when compared to "never smokers" without the null genotype. Using this same reference group, the odds ratio for smokers without the null genotype was 1.73 (95% confidence interval = 1.03-2.90). These two odds ratios were not significantly different (P = 0.30).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-University of California-Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance 90502.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Probst-Hensch
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ingles
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Frankl
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Longnecker
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Haile
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005982:Glutathione Transferase