title: Management of the nasal dorsum in central facial injuries. Indications for calvarial bone grafting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate criteria for primary calvarial bone grafting in central facial fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics (Iowa City) and The Johns Hopkins Hospital (Baltimore, Md).
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive sample of 27 patients with nasoethmoidal fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preoperative and intraoperative analysis with surgical intervention. Patients with the following criterion received primal dorsal calvarial bone grafts: loss of dorsal nasal support in the upper bony and lower cartilaginous dorsum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prevention of cicatricial soft-tissue contraction of the nose with primary bony dorsal reconstruction and/or nasal bone grafting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In certain severe cases of nasal bony and cartilaginous comminution, primary dorsal nasal calvarial bone grafts are indicated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Frodel
mesh_terms: D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005004:Ethmoid Bone / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000295:instrumentation; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D009666:Nose / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012886:Skull; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000601:surgery*