title: Time-dependent effects of PCPA on social aggression in chicks.
abstract: We investigated the effects of para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA), a serotonin (5-HT) antagonist, on social aggression and brain neurochemistry in young domestic chickens (Gallus domesticus). In Experiment 1, the effects of four different doses of PCPA (0, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) were examined for 3 days after injection. Immediately after PCPA injection, aggressive pecking was low and then increased over the 3-day test period. PCPA significantly decreased 5-HT, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and 5-HT turnover. In addition, the frequency of aggression was negatively correlated with levels of 5-HIAA. In Experiment 2, the time-dependent effects of a single 400-mg/kg dose of PCPA were examined for 5 and 7 days after drug exposure. PCPA-treated chicks observed for 5 days after injection had significantly greater frequencies of aggression 4 days following drug exposure and significantly reduced 5-HT levels when measured on the next day. Similarly, chicks observed for 7 days exhibited significantly elevated aggression 5 days after injection, after which their pecking decreased to control levels on days 6 and 7. Coinciding with this behavioral pattern, 5-HT levels from these PCPA-treated chicks when assessed 7 days after drug exposure were the same as those for control birds. We concluded that PCPA increased social aggression in birds, an effect that diminished as brain 5-HT levels recovered over a 1-week period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Lafayette College, Easton, PA 18042.
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Shrier
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Hill
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines / Q000378:metabolism; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D002645:Chickens; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D010134:Fenclonine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006608:Hierarchy, Social; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012919:Social Behavior; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015306:Biogenic Monoamines; D010134:Fenclonine