title: Efflux pumps and drug resistance in gram-negative bacteria.
abstract: The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria can only slow down the influx of lipophilic inhibitors, and so these bacteria need active efflux pumps of broad specificity to survive. Pumps such as the Escherichia coli Acr system and its homologs make Gram-negative bacteria resistant to dyes, detergents and antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hearst
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nikaido
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003902:Detergents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003902:Detergents