title: Serological and virological markers of human parvovirus B19 infection in sera of hemophiliacs.
abstract: It is known that parvovirus B19 (B19) is transmitted to hemophiliacs by clotting factors prepared from human plasma. However, it is not clear whether B19 is also transmitted by the more recently used inactivated clotting factor preparations. Therefore, we investigated 69 hemophiliacs, mostly children, receiving only virus-inactivated clotting factors. 49 of them (71%) were B19 IgG-positive and 18 of the IgG-positive hemophiliacs (37%) were also B19 IgM-positive. In contrast, out of 73 age-matched controls only 10 (14%) were IgG-positive, two of them being also IgM-positive. In hemophiliacs treated before 1984 with non-inactivated clotting factors, seroprevalence was very similar: 94/136 (69%) presented B19 IgG antibodies as compared to their age-matched controls with 16/50 (32%). Out of the 94 IgG-positive patients 24 (26%) were IgM-positive, whereas IgM antibodies were never found in 16 sera of 16 IgG-positive controls. In 4 out of 24 IgM positive hemophiliacs, B19 DNA was detected in the sera by using the polymerase chain reaction. However, B19 DNA was also found in 3/69 anti-B19 IgM-negative, HIV-infected hemophiliacs (all three patients in CDC stage IV). Since it seems unlikely that the results only represent passive acquisition of B19 DNA from blood products and induction of antibodies by immunization with inactivated antigen, the observations rather suggest that infection with B19 is transmitted by clotting factors, including those treated for virus inactivation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grosse-Bley
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Eis-Hübinger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oldenburg
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Brackmann
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Schneweis
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002648:Child; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004340:Drug Contamination; D016731:Erythema Infectiosum / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications; D006467:Hemophilia A / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016732:Parvovirus B19, Human / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D014766:Viremia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors; D004279:DNA, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M