title: Calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity, in botulinum toxin-paralysed rat muscles.
abstract: Changes in calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity (CGRP-LI) at the motor endplates of botulinum toxin-paralysed rat muscles were investigated using immunohistochemistry. One day following toxin injection, a dramatic increase in CGRP-LI was detected at the motor endplates and within preterminal axons of the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles. The upregulation of CGRP-LI persisted throughout the period during which muscle fibres were paralysed and new neuromuscular junctions were being formed by the growing sprouts. Decline of CGRP-LI at the motor endplates coincided with clinical recovery. Both up- and down-regulation of CGRP-LI took place earlier in the soleus than in the gastrocnemius muscle. Up-regulation of CGRP-LI was also detected in a subpopulation of motor axons in the sciatic nerves and in the spinal motor neurons innervating the paralysed muscles. These results indicate that levels of CGRP are regulated, at least partly, by changes in the target innervation. They also suggest an important role for CGRP in the regenerative processes following muscle paralysis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuromuscular Diseases, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Jennekens
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wieneke
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Veldman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation; D010243:Paralysis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide