Effects of nitrogen concentration and cold temperature on DSP-toxin concentrations in the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima (Prorocentrales, Dinophyceae).
The diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxin-producing dinoflagellate, Prorocentrum lima, isolated from Nova Scotian waters, contained both okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1) throughout its growth cycle in culture; maximum concentrations of toxins and highest OA/DTX-1 ratios occurred during the stationary phase. Cells of P. lima survived 0 degrees C for 5 weeks and recovered when brought to a higher temperature. During the cold period, some cell damage probably occurred with concomitant losses of toxins to the medium. Nitrogen concentration in the medium was used to limit growth or stress the cells physiologically, and when growth was limited, increases in toxin associated with the cells were recorded. The relative amounts of okadaic acid were always greater than dinophysistoxin-1, but the significance of these ratios remains to be determined.
McLachlan
J L
JL
Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Marr
J C
JC
Conlon-Kelly
A
A
Adamson
A
A
D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003470:Culture Media; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D004988:Ethers, Cyclic / Q000378:metabolism*; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D019319:Okadaic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011714:Pyrans / Q000378:metabolism*; D012015:Reference Standards; D012758:Shellfish; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence
D003470:Culture Media; D004988:Ethers, Cyclic; D008387:Marine Toxins; D011714:Pyrans; D019319:Okadaic Acid; C051904:dinophysistoxin 1; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D009584:Nitrogen