title: Effect of dietary fat on colonic protein kinase C and induction of aberrant crypt foci.
abstract: A major objective of the present study was to determine whether a high-fat diet affects early events during colon carcinogenesis. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with saline or azoxymethane (20 mg/kg) and fed either a normal (5% corn oil w/w) or a high (5% corn oil and 15% beef tallow w/w) fat diet. To assess the effect of a known tumor-promoting diet on the early events of neoplastic transformation, Study 1 examined the induction and growth of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) as well as of proliferative indices. The total number of ACF were similar in both groups even after 8 wk of dietary treatment; however, ACF with accelerated growth characteristics (> or = 4 crypts/focal lesion) were more prevalent (P < or = 0.05) in the colons of animals fed the high-fat diet. Metaphase arrest cells and 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labelled cells showed no appreciable response to dietary changes. To determine whether changes in colonic signal transduction pathways represent an early response to dietary modification, Study 2 evaluated the activity of protein kinase C (PKC), proliferative indices and changes in phospholipid fatty acid profiles. In comparison to the normal fat group, the colons of high-fat fed animals exhibited higher (P < or = 0.05) membranes and lower soluble PKC activity; however, proliferation patterns of these colons were not altered. Changes in the membrane lipid composition were minor; however, an increase in the phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylethanolamine ratio and in 20:4n-6 was noted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: University of Manitoba, Department of Foods and Nutrition, Winnipeg, Canada.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Lafave
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumarathasan
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Bird
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D003106:Colon / Q000201:enzymology*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D010743:Phospholipids; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D011493:Protein Kinase C