title: Consistency and stability of recombinant fermentations.
abstract: Production of proteins of consistent quality in heterologous, genetically-engineered expression systems is dependent upon identifying the manufacturing process parameters which have an impact on product structure, function, or purity, validating acceptable ranges for these variables, and performing the manufacturing process as specified. One of the factors which may affect product consistency is genetic instability of the primary product sequence, as well as instability of genes which code for proteins responsible for post-translational modification of the product. Approaches have been developed for mammalian expression systems to assure that product quality is not changing through mechanisms of genetic instability. Sensitive protein analytical methods, particularly peptide mapping, are used to evaluate product structure directly, and are more sensitive in detecting genetic instability than is direct genetic analysis by nucleotide sequencing of the recombinant gene or mRNA. These methods are being employed to demonstrate that the manufacturing process consistently yields a product of defined structure from cells cultured through the range of cell ages used in the manufacturing process and well beyond the maximum cell age defined for the process. The combination of well designed validation studies which demonstrate consistent product quality as a function of cell age, and rigorous quality control of every product lot by sensitive protein analytical methods provide the necessary assurance that product structure is not being altered through mechanisms of mutation and selection.
authors.affiliation: Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Wiebe
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Builder
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology / Q000592:standards; D004274:DNA, Recombinant / Q000235:genetics; D005285:Fermentation; D005784:Gene Amplification; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009154:Mutation; D010449:Peptide Mapping; D015202:Protein Engineering / Q000592:standards; D011786:Quality Control; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004274:DNA, Recombinant; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator