title: Patient positioning for fractionated precision radiation treatment of targets in the head using fiducial markers.
abstract: When irradiating targets in the brain, an accurately localised dose is often needed. One crucial moment to achieve this is the positioning of the patient. We have developed a positioning method where the patient is immobilised with a bite block and a head mould, and where the position of the target is determined by X-ray imaging of fiducial markers that are placed in the patient's skull. A method for computing the transformation needed to move the target from the observed to the prescribed position and orientation is described. This method uses the information from two orthogonal X-ray images and takes measurement errors and data from three or more markers into account. Results from using the method clinically in proton beam therapy are given.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Akademiska sjukhuset, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grusell
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Montelius
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Blomquist
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pellettieri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lilja
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Moström
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jakobsson
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D004867:Equipment Design; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D017090:Occlusal Splints; D010969:Plastics; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted; D012828:Silicones; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014025:Titanium; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D010969:Plastics; D012828:Silicones; D014025:Titanium