title: Is the coagulopathy of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis immune-related?
abstract: Some of the soluble factors that affect haemostasis produced in the course of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis, including endotoxins (Ex), interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were studied. Forty-one patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis were studied and classified into early hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (n = 12), hepatocellular decompensation (n = 14), vascular decompensation (n = 15) as well as twelve healthy controls. Thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), protein C and free protein S antigen and activity, endotoxin, IL-1 alpha and TNF-alpha levels were measured in all cases. Evidence of enhanced thrombin generation (elevated TAT levels) with reduced anticoagulant potential (reduced protein C and free protein S antigen and activity levels) could be demonstrated, thus reflecting decreased production and increased consumption of both coagulant and anticoagulant proteins. The association of high Ex, IL-1 alpha and TNF-alpha levels may suggest their possible implication in the causation of intravascular coagulation in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis.
authors.affiliation: Haematology Department, Theodore Bilharz Research Institute, Imbaba, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Amer
authors.forename: I E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: el Defrawi
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: el Sherif
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: el Khayat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000990:Antithrombin III / Q000378:metabolism; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000276:immunology*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D011486:Protein C / Q000378:metabolism; D017293:Protein S / Q000378:metabolism; D012552:Schistosomiasis / Q000276:immunology*; D013158:Splenic Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004731:Endotoxins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D011486:Protein C; D017293:Protein S; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C046193:antithrombin III-protease complex; D000990:Antithrombin III; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases