title: Radiofrequency catheter ablation of an atriofascicular pathway during atrial fibrillation: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A male patient with an atriofascicular pathway underwent catheter ablation of the atriofascicular pathway during atrial fibrillation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patient had preexcited atrial fibrillation both clinically and repeatedly during electrophysiologic study. A preexcited tachycardia with a 1:1 AV relationship and regular RR intervals was also induced. Catheter ablation of the atriofascicular pathway could only be performed during persistent atrial fibrillation, based on mapping of the pathway's insertion into the right bundle branch. Following successful ablation and cardioversion to sinus rhythm, a regular QRS tachycardia (atrioventricular [AV] nodal reentry) having the same rate, atrial activation sequence, and His-atrial time as the regular preexcited tachycardia noted preablation was initiated. An AV nodal slow pathway modification eliminated this tachycardia. Neither atrial fibrillation nor AV nodal reentry has recurred on follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report of atriofascicular mapping and ablation performed exclusively during atrial fibrillation and illustrates the utility of mapping the pathway's ventricular insertion. Other unusual features ("bystander" pathway activation during AV nodal reentry, possible role of the pathway in genesis of atrial fibrillation) are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19140.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Hsia
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D004568:Electrodiagnosis; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000601:surgery; D011184:Postoperative Period