title: Presence of free D-glutamate and D-aspartate in rat tissues.
abstract: The presence of free D-glutamate was demonstrated for the first time in rat liver, kidney and brain. This is based on the findings that the D-glutamate as well as D-aspartate in the tissue extracts co-chromatographed exactly with the authentic standards on HPLC, and that the treatment of the extracts with D-aspartate oxidase mostly abolished the HPLC peaks of these compounds. Contents of these acidic D-amino acids in the liver and kidney, as well as the percentages of D/(D + L), were lower in female than in male, while D-aspartate oxidase activities in the same tissues were inversely lower in male than in female, in agreement with a probable role of the enzyme. A significant correlation was observed between D-aspartate and D-glutamate contents in the liver, kidney and brain of individual animals, with the D-glutamate contents always higher than the D-aspartate contents.
authors.affiliation: Department of BioEngineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kera
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aoyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagasaki
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D050804:D-Aspartate Oxidase; D005260:Female; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; D050804:D-Aspartate Oxidase