title: Retinal hemorrhage as a consequence of epidural steroid injection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report that retinal hemorrhage is an important but uncommon complication of epidural steroid injection, a procedure frequently employed to alleviate chronic back pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who complained of visual field defects or blurred vision after receiving the injection received complete eye examinations, including fundus photography and fluorescein angiography. They were then followed up as their clinical situation dictated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were examined in an outpatient setting in our offices.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1989 and 1992, five eyes of four female patients ranging in age from 35 to 81 years were evaluated and followed up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Examination and photographic documentation showed that these eyes had retinal hemorrhages, often distributed in a petaloid pattern, which resulted in transient loss of vision from 6 weeks to 6 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retinal hemorrhage is an uncommon but significant and previously unemphasized complication of epidural steroid injection for chronic back pain. This procedure should be carefully considered, particularly in one-eyed patients and those with bleeding problems, and patients should be fully informed that this can happen despite appropriate care and technique.
authors.affiliation: Halifax Eye Associates, Daytona Beach, Fla.
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Kushner
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Olson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001416:Back Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D007268:Injections, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D012166:Retinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D008775:Methylprednisolone