title: Focused US system for MR imaging-guided tumor ablation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the performance characteristics of a focused ultrasound (US) system for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-guided tumor ablation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors constructed a focused US system for MR imaging-guided tumor ablation. The location of the heated region and thermal dose were monitored with temperature-sensitive MR images obtained in phantoms and rabbit skeletal muscle after application of each sonic pulse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The region heated by the focused ultrasound beam was within 1 mm of that observed on temperature-sensitive fast gradient-echo MR images of in vivo rabbit skeletal muscle. Analysis of heat flow and the rate of coagulation necrosis provided an estimate of the size of the ablated region that was in agreement with experimental findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MR imaging provides target definition and control for thermal therapy in regions of variable perfusion or in tissues that are not well characterized.
authors.affiliation: GE Corporate Research and Development, Schenectady, NY 12301.
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Cline
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hynynen
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Schenck
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Ettinger
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Freund
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vetro
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Jolesz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008961:Models, Structural; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D011817:Rabbits; D014159:Transducers; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*