title: Neuroprotective effects of TGF-beta 1.
abstract: The transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) has been shown to be an injury-related peptide growth factor within the mammalian brain. We tested TGF-beta 1 for its protective effects against neuronal degeneration caused by sodium cyanide (1 mM) or by the excitatory amino acid L-glutamate (1 mM) in vitro and against ischemic injury in vivo caused by permanent occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery in mice. In vitro, TGF-beta 1 (1-30 ng/ml) significantly reduced hypoxic and excitotoxic neuronal damage in a concentration-dependent manner. In vivo, intracerebroventricular administration of TGF-beta 1 (1 microgram/kg) decreased the infarcted area on the mouse brain surface. The present results suggest that TGF-beta 1 is capable of protecting neurons against damage both in vitro and in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Henrich-Noack
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Prehn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krieglstein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D002642:Chick Embryo; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000633:toxicity; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D013687:Telencephalon / Q000187:drug effects; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D018698:Glutamic Acid