title: Cloning of the human homologue of the GABA transporter GAT-3 and identification of a novel inhibitor with selectivity for this site.
abstract: Molecular cloning has revealed the presence of four high-affinity GABA transporters in the brain. The existence of three of these sites, GAT-2, GAT-3, and BGT-1, was unknown prior to their cloning and almost nothing is known of the role they play in regulating GABAergic transmission. In large measure our paucity of knowledge is attributable to the lack of specific inhibitors for these sites. In the present communication we describe the cloning and expression of the human homologue of GAT-3, and the identification of an inhibitor, (S)-SNAP-5114, with selectivity for this site. (S)-SNAP-5114 displays an IC50 of 5 microM at GAT-3, 21 microM at GAT-2, and > or = 100 microM at GAT-1 and BGT-1. Due to its lipophilicity, (S)-SNAP-5114 is also expected to cross the blood-brain-barrier and therefore, should be an important tool for evaluating the role of GAT-3 in neural function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Synaptic Pharmaceutical Corporation, Paramus, NJ 07652.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Borden
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Dhar
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Branchek
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gluchowski
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Weinshank
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000840:Anisoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D001892:Camphanes; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics*; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D050485:GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D005796:Genes; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics*; D009557:Nipecotic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C092337:1-(2-(tris(4-methoxyphenyl)methoxy)ethyl)-3-piperidinecarboxylic acid; D000840:Anisoles; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; D001892:Camphanes; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D050485:GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009557:Nipecotic Acids; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters; D011725:Pyridines; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C493413:SLC6A1 protein, human; C493416:SLC6A11 protein, human; C493418:SLC6A13 protein, human; C493415:Slc6a1 protein, rat; C072207:betaine plasma membrane transport proteins; C067012:CI 966; C060555:deramciclane