title: Endogenic nortestosterone in cattle?
abstract: When residues of nortestosterone (NT) were found in the urine of cattle, racehorses or bodybuilders, exogenic administration was thought to be proven. In previous literature, no records were found of the endogenic presence of this molecule. In the horse-racing world, Houghton and Courthot found that NT is normally present in the urine of the stallion. Belgian and Dutch researchers found that NT is also present in the urine and edible parts of the intact boar. Vandenbroeck et al. (1991) suggested the endogenous presence of NT (in the beta form) in the pregnant cow. Meyer (1992) reported the presence of NT (in the alpha form) in relatively high amounts in the urine of the cow peri-partum and the neo-natal calf. These observations may have important consequences for veterinary meat inspection in the EU. Therefore, in Belgium a large scale experiment was set up in co-operation with the EU Community Reference Laboratory (RIVM). In this paper the present state of the results in this area is presented. A large number of urine samples (> 50) of pregnant non-treated cows were collected and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in 4 different laboratories. Further samples (> 100) were taken, but only analysed in one laboratory. The results proved clearly that NT may indeed be detectable in the alpha form in the urine of pregnant cows, from at least 2 months, but most probably from 4-5 months before partus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Food Inspection, lab Chemical Analysis, RUG, Merelbeke, Belgium.
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: de Brabander
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Hende
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Batjoens
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hendriks
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raus
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Smets
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pottie
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: van Ginkel
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Stephany
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002417:Cattle / Q000652:urine*; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006736:Horses / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D007753:Laboratories; D008297:Male; D009277:Nandrolone / Q000652:urine*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000652:urine*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013177:Sports; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D009277:Nandrolone