title: Stereospecific effects of intraduodenal tryptophan on pyloric and duodenal motility in humans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  L-Tryptophan delays gastric emptying in animals to a greater extent than D-tryptophan, but none of the possible motor mechanisms responsible for this stereospecific effect have been evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 11 healthy volunteers antropyloroduodenal pressures were recorded in the fasted state with a sleeve/sidehole manometric assembly during 20-min intraduodenal infusions (2 ml.min-1) of isotonic L- and D-tryptophan (50 mM, pH 5.7) and normal saline (pH 5.5), given in randomized order.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intraduodenal L-tryptophan increased basal pyloric pressure (p < 0.05), whereas D-tryptophan had no effect. In contrast, L- and D-tryptophan both stimulated (p < 0.05) localized phasic pyloric pressure waves, and there was no significant difference in the responses. The number of duodenal pressure waves was greater during infusion of L-tryptophan than during D-tryptophan (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that intraduodenal tryptophan has stereospecific effects on pyloric and duodenal motility. Although the precise contribution of these differential effects to gastric emptying remains to be clarified, they may be partially responsible for the differences in gastric emptying of D-tryptophan and L-tryptophan.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Surgery and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Edelbroek
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horowitz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dent
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smout
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Akkermans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004386:Duodenum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000187:drug effects*; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D011708:Pylorus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014364:Tryptophan