Antiviral protection by vesicular stomatitis virus-specific antibodies in alpha/beta interferon receptor-deficient mice.
The role of innate, alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta)-dependent protection versus specific antibody-mediated protection against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was evaluated in IFN-alpha/beta receptor-deficient mice (IFN-alpha/beta R0/0 mice). VSV is a close relative to rabies virus that causes neurological disease in mice. In contrast to normal mice, IFN-alpha/beta R0/0 mice were highly susceptible to infection with VSV because of ubiquitous high viral replication. Adoptive transfer experiments showed that neutralizing antibodies against the glycoprotein of VSV (VSV-G) protected these mice efficiently against systemic infection and against peripheral subcutaneous infection but protected only to a limited degree against intranasal infection with VSV. In contrast, VSV-specific T cells or antibodies specific for the nucleoprotein of VSV (VSV-N) were unable to protect IFN-alpha/beta R0/0 mice against VSV. These results demonstrate that mice are extremely sensitive to VSV if IFN-alpha/beta is not functional and that under these conditions, neutralizing antibody responses mediate efficient protection, but apparently only against extraneuronal infection.
Steinhoff
U
U
Department of Pathology, University of Zürich, Switzerland.
Müller
U
U
Schertler
A
A
Hengartner
H
H
Aguet
M
M
Zinkernagel
R M
RM
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D006224:Cricetinae; D007106:Immune Sera; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D053633:Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta; D017471:Receptors, Interferon / Q000172:deficiency*; D018353:Rhabdoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D014709:Vero Cells; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; C028391:G protein, vesicular stomatitis virus; D007106:Immune Sera; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D017471:Receptors, Interferon; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D053633:Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta