title: [Epidemiology and risk factors in thyroid carcinoma].
abstract: Thyroid carcinoma represents less than 2% cancers although there is an increasing incidence, mainly of the papillary variety, due in part to improved diagnostic procedures. In contrast there is a remarkably higher prevalence of occult foci in detailed autopsy studies (up to 34%) suggesting the possibility of a spontaneous regression for most of them. Only 1-2% of latent tumours grow larger and become clinically important through environmental, genetic and cellular factors (two-mutational event model by Knudson). Each single histological subgroup has different influencing factors: X ray exposure, iodide diet intake, coexisting (autoimmune and non) thyroid disease such as thyroiditis, Graves' disease, goitre, dyshormonogenesis, heredity and altered cellular oncogenes have been considered. Of a series of 715 thyroid cancers operated on between 1967 and 1992 we analyze sex ratio, mean age, radiation exposure, coexisting thyroid disease, familial occurrence.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Chirurgia Generale I, Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Padova.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pelizzo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toniato
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piotto
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernante
mesh_terms: D018263:Adenocarcinoma, Follicular / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000150:complications; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D018276:Carcinoma, Medullary / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000150:complications; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology
vernacular_title: Epidemiologia e fattori di rischio del carcinoma della tiroide.