title: Prolonged inhibition of platelet aggregation after n-3 fatty acid ethyl ester ingestion by healthy volunteers.
abstract: This study addressed two questions: 1) whether a relatively low dose of n-3 fatty acid ethyl esters (n-3 FAs) administered to healthy volunteers for a prolonged period of time would exert beneficial effects on plasma lipids, platelet function, and thromboxane biosynthesis; and 2) whether a short-term loading treatment (6 wk) with 6 g n-3 FAs/d followed by 12 wk with 3 g/d results in more pronounced effects. After 6 wk treatment a reduction of plasma triglyceride concentration and an accumulation of EPA and DHA in plasma were observed. A longer period of treatment with n-3 FAs was necessary to affect platelet aggregation and thromboxane A2 biosynthesis. At 12 and 18 wk, platelet aggregation, thromboxane A2 formation, and the excretion of thromboxane metabolites in urine were reduced, particularly in subjects who received 6 g n-3 FAs/d during the initial 6 wk. After treatment ended, triglyceride and thromboxane A2 biosynthesis returned to baseline values within 4 wk, whereas platelet aggregation remained impaired for > or = 14 wk. The longlasting impairment in platelet aggregation was accompanied by the retention of n-3 FAs in platelet phospholipids.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tremoli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maderna
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marangoni
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Colli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eligini
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Catalano
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Angeli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pazzucconi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gianfranceschi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Davi
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013931:Thromboxanes / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D008074:Lipoproteins; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D013931:Thromboxanes; D014280:Triglycerides