title: Variable potency of nitrergic-nitrovasodilator relaxations of the mouse anococcygeus against different forms of induced tone.
abstract: 1. U46619 (thromboxane A2 receptors; 0.002-1 microM), carbachol (muscarinic M3 receptors; 0.1-100 microM), cyclopiazonic acid (CPA; Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor; 0.1-30 microM) and K+ (5-100 mM) produced concentration-dependent contractions of the mouse isolated anococcygeus muscle. Equi-effective, submaximal concentrations of each agent were used in further experiments (40 nM U46619; 5 microM carbachol; 5 microM CPA; 70 mM K+). 2. Nifedipine (1 microM) totally abolished contractile responses to K+; those to U46619, carbachol and CPA were reduced by only 20-30% in the presence of nifedipine, but were greatly reduced (> 90%) by a combination of nifedipine and SKF 96365 (0.1-40 microM). 3. In Ca(2+)-free medium, contractions to K+ and CPA were abolished. Small residual responses remained to both carbachol and U46619; those to carbachol were transient, could not be repeated in the continued absence of Ca2+ and were prevented by pre-incubation with CPA, but unaffected by SKF 96365; those to U46619 were sustained, could be repeated in the absence of Ca2+, and were resistant to CPA and SKF 96365. 4. Tone induced by all four agents could be relaxed by sodium nitroprusside (SNP), but with a clear order of potency. SNP (pIC40) was most effective against U46619 (7.92), less so against carbachol (6.80) and CPA (6.68), and least potent against K+ (5.94). A similar order of potency was observed with 8Br-cyclic GMP (50 microM) and nitrergic field stimulation (1-20 Hz). 5. The relaxant potency of SNP was similar in normal Krebs solution and in high K+ (70 mM) Krebs containing 1 microM nifedipine. 6. Inclusion of SNP (0.01-1 microM) or 8Br-cyclic GMP (50 microM) in the Ca2+-free medium inhibited the transient residual response to carbachol. Inclusion of similar concentrations of SNP or 8Br-cyclic GMP,during Ca2+ re-loading, increased the subsequent residual contraction to carbachol in Ca2+-free medium.7. At higher concentrations, SNP (0.1-10 microM) produced a partial relaxation of the sustained contraction to U46619 in Ca2+-free medium.8. Thus, the relaxant potency of the nitrergic stimuli was dependent on the agent and mechanism used to induce tone in the preparation. Examination of the contractile/relaxant interactions suggests that altered Ca2+ sequestration and inhibition of contractile protein function may underlie nitrergic relaxations of this tissue.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Sciences Division, King's College London.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: McFadzean
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wayman
mesh_terms: D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009129:Muscle Tonus / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000502:physiology*; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology*; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D011450:Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic / Q000494:pharmacology; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D007093:Imidazoles; D007211:Indoles; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D011450:Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D009599:Nitroprusside; C016276:8-bromocyclic GMP; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; D002217:Carbachol; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D006152:Cyclic GMP; C063159:1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1H-imidazole; D009543:Nifedipine; D011188:Potassium; C000543:cyclopiazonic acid