title: c-jun inhibits insulin control element-mediated transcription by affecting the transactivation potential of the E2A gene products.
abstract: Pancreatic beta-cell-type-specific transcription of the insulin gene is principally controlled by trans-acting factors which influence insulin control element (ICE)-mediated expression. The ICE activator is composed, in part, of the basic helix-loop-helix proteins E12, E47, and E2-5 encoded by the E2A gene. Previous experiments showed that ICE activation in beta cells was repressed in vivo by the c-jun proto-oncogene (E. Henderson and R. Stein, Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:655-662, 1994). Here we focus on the mechanism by which c-Jun inhibits ICE-mediated activation. c-Jun was shown to specifically repress the transactivation potential of the E2A proteins. Thus, we found that the activity of GAL4:E2A fusion constructs was inhibited by c-Jun. The transrepression capabilities of c-Jun were detected only in pancreatic islet cell lines that contained a functional ICE activator. Repression of GAL4:E2A was mediated by the basic leucine zipper regions of c-Jun, which are also the essential regions of this protein necessary for controlling ICE activator-stimulated expression in vivo. The specific target of c-Jun repression was the transactivation domain (located between amino acids 345 and 408 in E12 and E47) conserved in E12, E47, and E2-5. In contrast, the activation domain unique to the E12 and E47 proteins (located between amino acids 1 and 99) was unresponsive to c-Jun. Our results indicate that c-Jun inhibits insulin gene transcription in beta cells by reducing the transactivation potential of the E2A proteins present in the ICE activator complex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232.
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Massari
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murre
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stein
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017502:Adenovirus E2 Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D017931:DNA Primers; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016758:Genes, jun; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D017502:Adenovirus E2 Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; D007328:Insulin; C000715470:MAS1 protein, human; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun