title: Vergence compensation during binocularly- and monocularly-evoked horizontal optokinetic nystagmus in the pigmented rat.
abstract: During horizontal optokinetic nystagmus evoked by binocular stimulation in the rat, the slow phases are well-conjugate. The fast phases in the adducting eye are on average about 2 deg greater in amplitude than those of the abducting eye. This causes a transient convergence which is compensated for by a divergent drift within the 100 msec following the fast phase. The amplitudes of these convergence-divergence components fluctuates somewhat from one fast phase to another and their relative amplitudes may differ. As a consequence differences in vergence between successive slow phases may occur. Such differences are usually of small amplitude, but may be as large as 5 deg. When optokinetic nystagmus is evoked by monocular stimulation, the slow phase velocities are different in the two eyes, giving a disjunctive component which is compensated for by a difference in the relative amplitudes and velocities of the fast phases in the two eyes. However, the divergent drift immediately following the fast phases is very similar whatever form of stimulation is employed. It is suggested that during monocularly-evoked optokinetic nystagmus the oculomotor system compensates for the disjunctive component arising during the slow phases by giving a different balance to the pulses of innervation of two eyes, resulting in fast phases of different amplitude.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Anatomia e Fisiologia Umana, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De'sperati
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tempia
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Strata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003290:Convergence, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D017120:Nystagmus, Optokinetic / Q000502:physiology*; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D013997:Time Factors; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology; D015349:Vision, Monocular / Q000502:physiology