title: Relationship between vocal cord paralysis and benign thyroid disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vocal cord paralysis is generally associated with advanced thyroid malignancy. It may also be present in the setting of benign thyroid disease. This association may be incidental as well as causal.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of cases with concurrent diagnosis of vocal cord paralysis and benign thyroid disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight cases found, all with documented vocal cord paralysis, by laryngoscopy. Four patients had nodular thyroid disease, but in two it was contralateral to the recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. The remaining patients had goiters of various sizes. Six patients were euthyroid, two on thyroid hormone replacement. Two patients were thyrotoxic: one had Graves' disease and the other had subacute thyroiditis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vocal cord paralysis can be the result of benign thyroid disease by such mechanisms as compression, stretching, or inflammation. Malignant thyroid disease should always be ruled out in structural thyroid abnormalities. Vocal cord paralysis can also be an incidental finding unrelated to thyroid abnormality.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Collazo-Clavell
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gharib
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Maragos
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006042:Goiter / Q000150:complications; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012009:Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D016606:Thyroid Nodule / Q000150:complications; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / Q000150:complications; D013968:Thyroiditis, Subacute / Q000150:complications; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D013963:Thyroid Hormones