title: Dose-dependent effects of intravenous alprazolam on neuroendocrine, biochemical, cardiovascular, and behavioral parameters in humans.
abstract: Neuroendocrine, biochemical, cardiovascular, and behavioral parameters were assessed in seven normal volunteers for 2 h after intravenous administration of alprazolam (APZ). Three doses of APZ (0.003, 0.007, and 0.02 mg/kg) were administered to each subject in a random order with at least 4 days between infusions. Plasma growth hormone and sedation increased in a dose dependent manner after APZ, and there was a dose dependent change in the shape of the cortisol response to APZ. No dose-response relationships were evident for plasma ACTH and norepinephrine. These differences in dose-response relationships may reflect the involvement of multiple systems in controlling neuroendocrine, biochemical, and subjective responses to APZ infusion. The optimal dose of APZ needed to produce a neuroendocrine or behavioral change appears to differ depending on the parameter of interest.
authors.affiliation: Section on Clinical Pharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: O T
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.forename: W Z
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Potter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000525:Alprazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001519:Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D009490:Neurosecretory Systems / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D000525:Alprazolam