title: Transpupillary thermotherapy in choroidal melanomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine safety and efficacy of transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) as a new treatment for choroidal melanoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  To perform TTT, diode laser energy at 810 nm was used with a beam diameter of 1.5 to 4.5 mm for a 1-minute exposure. All 12 patients had choroidal melanoma. Six had had insufficient response to ruthenium 106 (106Ru) brachytherapy. Three patients with tumors more than 5 mm in height were treated simultaneously with 106Ru and TTT. Three patients with juxtapapillary or macular tumors were treated by TTT only.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All but one tumor exhibited a reduction of tumor height in a follow-up period of 3 to 14 months. Side effects were minimal. Severe visual loss occurred in two patients due to radiation retinopathy, in two patients whose foveas were included in the TTT area, and in one patient resulting from a serous retinal detachment that extended over the posterior pole.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with TTT may be useful as a complementary modality to brachytherapy. A longer follow-up period is required for final evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Oosterhuis
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Journée-de Korver
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kakebeeke-Kemme
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bleeker
mesh_terms: D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D007259:Infrared Rays; D008545:Melanoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011680:Pupil; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology; D012160:Retina / Q000528:radiation effects; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D012429:Ruthenium Radioisotopes; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D012429:Ruthenium Radioisotopes