title: Separation of DNA fragments induced by ionizing irradiation using a graded-field gel electrophoresis.
abstract: A method is described that allows a separation of X-ray induced DNA fragments by graded-field gel electrophoresis. Synchronized G1 and asynchronous CHO cells were embedded in agarose and irradiated with X-ray doses ranging from 1 to 100 Gy. Following proteolysis by sarcosine and proteinase K, electrophoresis was run for 49 h using graded electric fields with stepwise increasing field strength (0.6, 1.5, 3 and 9 V/cm). Since the molecular size of DNA able to migrate decreased with increasing voltage, each voltage step led to the generation of a distinct DNA band with the largest fragments in band 1, fragments of intermediate size in bands 2 and 3 and the smallest fragments in band 4. Using yeast chromosomal DNA as a reference, the molecular weight of eluted fragments was calculated to range from 1 to 10 Mbp. It could be shown that the fragment size was not the only criterion that discriminates migrating from non-migrating DNA. DNA fragments were found to be retained in the well by an unknown factor presumably associated with DNA conformation. This retention factor increased with increasing fragment size. Graded-field gel electrophoresis also allowed the determination of the absolute number of double-stranded breaks (dsb) induced, which amounted to 11.5 x 10(-12) dsbs Gy-1 Da-1 corresponding to 37 dsbs/G1 cell.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics and Radiobiology, University of Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dahm-Daphi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dikomey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D004247:DNA / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004586:Electrophoresis
chemical_list: D004247:DNA