title: A new antigen receptor gene family that undergoes rearrangement and extensive somatic diversification in sharks.
abstract: Immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor (TCR) molecules are central to the adaptive immune system. Sequence conservation, similarities in domain structure, and usage of similar recombination signal sequences and recombination machinery indicate that there was probably a time during evolution when an ancestral receptor diverged to the modern-day immunoglobulin and TCR. Other molecules that undergo rearrangement have not been described in vertebrates, nor have intermediates been identified that have features of both these gene families. We report here the isolation of a new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily from the nurse shark, Ginglymostoma cirratum, which contains one variable and five constant domains and is found as a dimer in serum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida 33101.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Avila
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: McKinney
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Flajnik
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D005075:Biological Evolution; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D015321:Gene Rearrangement; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011946:Receptors, Antigen / Q000235:genetics*; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics; D012754:Sharks
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D011946:Receptors, Antigen; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; C092388:nurse shark antigen receptor