title: Yeast transcriptional activator INO2 interacts as an Ino2p/Ino4p basic helix-loop-helix heteromeric complex with the inositol/choline-responsive element necessary for expression of phospholipid biosynthetic genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: Coordinate transcriptional control of yeast genes involved in phospholipid biosynthesis is mediated by the inositol/choline-responsive element (ICRE) contained in the respective promoter regions. Regulatory genes INO2 and INO4, both encoding basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins, are necessary for ICRE-dependent gene activation. By the use of size variants and by heterologous expression in E. coli we demonstrate that Ino2p and Ino4p are both necessary and sufficient for the formation of the previously described FAS binding factor 1, Fbf1, interacting with the ICRE. Formation of a heteromeric complex between Ino2p and Ino4p by means of the respective bHLH domains was demonstrated in vivo by the interaction of appropriate two-hybrid constructs and in vitro by Far-Western analyses. Neither Ino2p nor Ino4p binds to the ICRE as a homodimer. When fused to the DNA-binding domain of Gal4p, Ino2p but not Ino4p was able to activate a UASGAL-containing reporter gene even in the absence of the heterologous Fbf1 subunit. By deletion studies, two separate transcriptional activation domains were identified in the N-terminal part of Ino2p. Thus, the bHLH domains of Ino2p and Ino4p constitute the dimerization/DNA-binding module of Fbf1 mediating its interaction with the ICRE, while transcriptional activation is effected exclusively by Ino2p.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Mikrobiologie, Biochemie und Genetik, Universität Erlangen/Nürnberg, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schwank
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ebbert
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rautenstrauss
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schweizer
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Schüller
mesh_terms: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D001665:Binding Sites; D002794:Choline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D018257:Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs; D007294:Inositol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D016296:Mutagenesis; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D002794:Choline; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D007294:Inositol; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D010743:Phospholipids; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C095723:INO2 protein, S cerevisiae