Promoter control of translation in Xenopus oocytes.
The HIV-1 promoter directs the high level production of transcripts in Xenopus oocytes. However, despite being exported to the cytoplasm, the transcripts are not translated [M. Braddock, A. M. Thorburn, A. Chambers, G. D. Elliott, G. J. Anderson, A. J. Kingsman and S. M. Kingsman (1990) Cell, 62, 1123-1133]. We have shown previously that this is a function of promoter sequences and is independent of the TAR RNA element that is normally located at the 5' end of all HIV mRNAs. We now show that a three nucleotide substitution at position -340, upstream of the RNA start site, reverses the translation inhibition. This site coincides with a sequence that can bind the haematopoietic transcription factor GATA. The inhibition of translation can also be reversed by treatment with inhibitors of casein kinase II or by injection into the nucleus of antibodies specific for the FRGY2 family of RNP proteins. We suggest that the -340 site influences the quality of the transcription complex such that transcripts are diverted to a nucleus-dependent translation inhibition pathway.
Gunkel
N
N
EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany.
Braddock
M
M
Thorburn
A M
AM
Muckenthaler
M
M
Kingsman
A J
AJ
Kingsman
S M
SM
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D047390:Casein Kinase II; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D050981:Erythroid-Specific DNA-Binding Factors; D016325:HIV Long Terminal Repeat / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000502:physiology; D009865:Oocytes; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011794:Quercetin / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D012431:Rutin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D014982:Xenopus laevis
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050981:Erythroid-Specific DNA-Binding Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; C075593:YBX2 protein, Xenopus; D012431:Rutin; D004247:DNA; D011794:Quercetin; D047390:Casein Kinase II; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases