title: The design of oral sustained-release theophylline dosing after conversion from intravenous to oral therapy.
abstract: We studied the design of oral sustained-release theophylline dosing after conversion from constant aminophylline infusion. Twelve children with bronchial asthma (9 boys and 3 girls) were evaluated in this study. Each patient received a constant intravenous administration of aminophylline for 4-10 days. Three hours after conversion from constant aminophylline infusion, they received oral sustained-release theophylline twice daily at 12-hour intervals. Blood samples were obtained at least once during the aminophylline infusion, just before conversion from the aminophylline infusion, and 0, 3 and 6 hours, and 4-5 days after administering oral theophylline. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using the serum theophylline concentrations that were obtained during constant aminophylline infusion. These estimates of pharmacokinetic parameters were used to predict the serum theophylline concentrations during oral theophylline therapy. Predicted serum theophylline concentrations using individual pharmacokinetic parameters were fitted with actual measured values in this study. When switching a patient from intravenous aminophylline to sustained-release oral theophylline, the use of Bayesian analysis of serum theophylline concentration values obtained during intravenous therapy works well in predicting serum theophylline concentrations and in determining oral dosages that maximize the drug's effectiveness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fukutomi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shinoda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Agata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Imaeda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Orii
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000628:Aminophylline / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001249:Asthma / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D013806:Theophylline / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D000628:Aminophylline; D013806:Theophylline