title: Perceptions of the mammography experience.
abstract: The 1993 projections for breast cancer indicate a morbidity of 183,000 women with a mortality rate of 18%. Mammography is one of three approaches available for the early detection of breast cancer. However, underutilization has been reported and attributed to pain associated with the procedure, the expense to the consumer, and lack of referral by physicians. Other reasons for the low utilization rates include fears on the part of the woman of a positive diagnosis, radiation, and a possible mastectomy. This study provides an analysis of the responses of a convenience sample of 272 women, aged 30-90 years, to two open-ended questions about the mammography experience. The words and phrases women used to describe the mammography experience and the sensations experienced in their breasts during mammography were subjected to content analysis. The results of this study suggest that the word descriptors women use to describe their experience during mammography are highly individualistic and may not be totally captured by numeric or descriptive rating scales of pain intensity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0610.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baskin-Smith
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miaskowski
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Dibble
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Weekes
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Nielsen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000145:classification* / Q000209:etiology; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012660:Semantics