title: Genes within the major histocompatibility complex predict NIDDM in African-American women in Alabama.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that genes within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and, subsequently, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in African-American women.
  
  
  METHODS
  African-American women who presented with GDM were compared with pregnant African-American control subjects. Following pregnancy, GDM patients were assessed at various intervals of time (median = 6 years) to determine whether they had developed diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GDM patients who required insulin during pregnancy possessed a significantly higher frequency of A33, DR2, DR9, and BF-S phenotypes than control subjects. GDM patients who subsequently developed NIDDM had a significantly higher frequency of B41, DR2, and BF-S and a lower frequency of DR1 and DR6 phenotypes than control subjects. Even after controlling for age and body mass index, B41 and DR2 were independent predictors of developing insulin-requiring GDM and NIDDM in GDM subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that either one or more genes within the MHC are involved in the etiology of NIDDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Acton
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Roseman
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Goldenberg
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vanichanan
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Harman
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Go
mesh_terms: D000407:Alabama; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005805:Genes, MHC Class I / Q000235:genetics*; D005802:Genes, MHC Class II / Q000235:genetics*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D015235:HLA-B Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D010641:Phenotype; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D001741:Black or African American
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D015235:HLA-B Antigens; C088036:HLA-B67 antigen