title: Apomorphine infusional therapy in Parkinson's disease: clinical utility and lack of tolerance.
abstract: We assessed the clinical utility of apomorphine infusional therapy in patients with parkinsonism and motor fluctuations and sought evidence for alterations in drug response resulting from chronic treatment. Six patients with Parkinson's disease were treated for 3 months with s.c. infusions of apomorphine administered during waking hours. At the beginning and the end of the study, test doses of apomorphine (12.5-100 micrograms/kg) were administered to establish a dose-response curve. Over the study, the patients reported a significant improvement in the number of "on" hours experienced per day and substantially reduced the dose and frequency of levodopa and other antiparkinsonian medications. No average change in apomorphine dose-response relationships or pharmacokinetics was observed during the study. However, two patients lowered the infusion rate during the 3-month observation and exhibited higher drug levels and longer responses following test doses of apomorphine given at the end of the study. Although pragmatic concerns with the use of infusion pumps solutions and adverse effects limited the overall benefit afforded by the treatment, this kind of drug treatment may be useful in selected patients with severe parkinsonism and fluctuations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland.
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Gancher
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Nutt
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Woodward
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001058:Apomorphine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D006801:Humans; D007260:Infusion Pumps; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D001058:Apomorphine