title: The relationship between MRNA levels and the locomotor response to novelty.
abstract: Differences in behavioral and neurochemical responses to drugs of abuse and environmental stress have been observed between rats that have a greater locomotor response in a novel environment (high responders: HR) compared to those that have a low response to novelty (low responders: LR). This study examined nuclei associated with the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic systems for differences in mRNA content between HR and LR using Northern blot analysis. These brain regions were chosen because of their role in both drug abuse and stress responses. The mRNAs examined code for either peptide transmitters that interact with the dopaminergic system or components of the dopaminergic system that have not been previously examined for differences between HR and LR. HR rats had approximately 50% lower levels of mRNA for beta-preprotachykinin (PPT) in the core of the nucleus accumbens (NACC) compared to LR. No differences between HR and LR in mRNA levels for dynorphin (DYN), preproenkephalin (PPE), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) or neurotensin (NT) were observed in the core of the NACC. In the shell region of the NACC, HR exhibited a 25% reduction in the level of mRNA for NT compared to LR. No differences between HR and LR in mRNA levels for PPT, DYN, PPE or GAD were observed in the shell of the NACC. In the medial frontal cortex and the dorsal striatum, no differences between HR and LR in mRNA levels for PPT, DYN, PPE, GAD or NT were found. In the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area no differences between HR and LR in mRNA levels for tyrosine hydroxylase, GAD, cholecystokinin, or NT were noted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Alcohol and Drug Abuse Program, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-6520.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hooks
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Sorg
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Kalivas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000235:genetics; D004298:Dopamine / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004399:Dynorphins / Q000235:genetics; D004745:Enkephalins / Q000235:genetics; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005815:Genetic Code; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009496:Neurotensin / Q000235:genetics; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015320:Tachykinins / Q000235:genetics; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004745:Enkephalins; D011498:Protein Precursors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015320:Tachykinins; C044206:preprotachykinin; D009496:Neurotensin; D004399:Dynorphins; D002766:Cholecystokinin; C033660:preproenkephalin; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase; D004298:Dopamine