title: Flow injection determination of glutamate in human serum and rat brain samples with immobilized glutamate oxidase and glutamate dehydrogenase reactors.
abstract: Two methods are proposed for the determination of regional concentrations of glutamate in the rat brain as well as in human serum. Glutamate oxidase was immobilized on non-porous glass beads and glutamate dehydrogenase was immobilized on glass derivatives. These supports were employed for the construction of Single Bead String Reactors and Packed Bed Reactors, respectively, which in turn were linked to Flow Injection Analysis systems with either photometric or fluorometric detection. Analytical working curves are linear in the range 1-200 mumol/l for packed bed reactors and 10-500 mmol/l for single bead string reactors. The samples were pretreated depending on their origin and the applied measuring system. Optimal dilution factors were established for the two techniques. Optimal dilution ratios were established and the influence of several added substances was investigated. Recovery and method comparison studies including high performance liquid chromatography verified the accuracy of the proposed methods. Results from within-day and between-day measurements gave relative standard deviations of 4.7 and 5.9% for serum samples and 2.5 and 4.0% for brain samples, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Greece.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Stalikas
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Karayannis
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Tzouwara-Karayanni
mesh_terms: D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D017022:Flow Injection Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005470:Fluorometry / Q000379:methods; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase; C023061:L-glutamate oxidase