title: Characterization of the humic material formed by composting of domestic and industrial biowastes. Part 1. HPLC of the cupric oxide oxidation products from humic acids.
abstract: The changes induced by humification of anaerobically digested sewage sludge, source separated biowaste, and pulp mill biosludge were determined by extracting the fractions of bitumen and humic and fulvic acids from the samples of fresh and humified composts. In all cases, a distinct decrease in the amount of bitumen could be detected during humification. The amount of humic acids increased in sewage sludge and biowaste samples, but decreased in pulp mill biosludge sample during humification. The humic acids were degraded by CuO oxidation and the phenolic degradation products were analysed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The yield of these aromatic degradation products was in the range 0.9-2.0% for each sample. The main phenolic degradation products were 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillin, syringaldehyde, and acetovanillone. Two lignin dimers, dehydrodivanillin and dehydrodiacetovanillone, were also identified.
authors.affiliation: VTT Energy, Biofuels, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Miikki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hänninen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knuutinen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hyötyläinen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alén
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D006812:Humic Substances / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D012722:Sewage; D014866:Waste Products
chemical_list: D006812:Humic Substances; D012722:Sewage; D014866:Waste Products; D003300:Copper; C030973:cupric oxide