title: Validation of the Minimum Data Set Cognitive Performance Scale: agreement with the Mini-Mental State Examination.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Almost all nursing homes in the United States are required by the 1987 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act to assess each resident's functional, medical, psychosocial, and cognitive status using a standard instrument known as the Minimum Data Set (MDS). We report a validation study to show that the MDS Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS), a cognitive measure generated from 5 MDS items (comatose status, decision making, short-term memory, making self understood, and eating) can be used to detect cognitive impairment as defined by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred subjects were randomly recruited from 8 nursing home facilities in North Carolina. Two medical students administered the MMSE, while a geriatric research nurse was responsible for collecting MDS cognitive items, which included the 5 items required for generating CPS scores. Cognitive impairment was defined by MMSE scores adjusted for education. Agreement between the CPS and the MMSE in identifying cognitively impaired subjects was then evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CPS showed substantial agreement with the MMSE in the identification of cognitive impairment; the sensitivity was .94 (95% confidence interval [CI]: .90, .98), the specificity was .94 (95% CI: .87, .96), and the diagnostic accuracy as measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was .96 (95% CI: .88, 1.0).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MDS Cognitive Performance Scale, when performed by a trained research nurse using recommended protocols, provides a valid measure of cognitive status in nursing home residents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hartmaier
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Sloane
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Guess
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Phillips
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003128:Coma / Q000503:physiopathology; D003142:Communication; D003657:Decision Making; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D009657:North Carolina; D009735:Nursing Homes; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity