Protection against murine cerebral malaria by dietary-induced oxidative stress.
Feeding 20% (w/w) menhaden-fish oil in a standard laboratory chow diet for 4 wk partially protected CBA/CaJ mice from the central nervous system consequences of infection with Plasmodium berghei (ANKA). Full protection (complete survival for 14 days postinfection) could be obtained by feeding a purified pro-oxidant vitamin E-deficient diet containing 4% (w/w) menhaden oil (MO - VE diet). The purified pro-oxidant MO - VE diet also exerted a pronounced suppressive effect against the parasite (depressed 6-day parasitemias). The anitmalarial effect of the MO - VE diet could be prevented by supplementing the diet with vitamin E or with either of 2 synthetic antioxidants, N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine or probucol. These results suggest that the fish oil exerts its antimalarial effect by imposing a dietary-induced oxidative stress on the infected host erythrocyte, the parasite, or both. Nutritional manipulation of host oxidative stress status may be a useful adjunct therapy in patients undergoing treatment with pro-oxidant antimalarials such as drugs of the qinghaosu family.
Levander
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Nutrient Requirements and Functions Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Maryland 20705-2350.
Fontela
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Morris
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Ager
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D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016779:Malaria, Cerebral / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010655:Phenylenediamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D010962:Plasmodium berghei; D011341:Probucol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology; D014811:Vitamin E Deficiency / Q000150:complications
D000975:Antioxidants; D005395:Fish Oils; D010655:Phenylenediamines; D014810:Vitamin E; C033266:Menhaden oil; C004845:N,N'-diphenyl-4-phenylenediamine; D011341:Probucol