title: Caffeine reversal of sleep deprivation effects on alertness and mood.
abstract: This study assessed the ability of high doses of caffeine to reverse changes in alertness and mood produced by prolonged sleep deprivation. Fifty healthy, nonsmoking males between the ages of 18 and 32 served as volunteers. Following 49 h without sleep, caffeine (0, 150, 300, or 600 mg/70 kg, PO) was administered in a double-blind fashion. Measures of alertness were obtained with sleep onset tests, the Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS), and Visual Analog Scales (VAS). Sleep deprivation decreased onset to sleep from a rested average of 19.9 min to 7 min. Following the highest dose of caffeine tested, sleep onset averaged just over 10 min; sleep onset for the placebo group averaged 5 min. Scores on the SSS increased from a rested mean of 1.6-4.8 after sleep deprivation. Caffeine reduced this score to near rested values. Caffeine reversed sleep deprivation-induced changes in three subscales of the POMS (vigor, fatigue, and confusion) and produced values close to fully rested conditions on several VAS. Serum caffeine concentrations peaked 90 min after ingestion and remained elevated for 12 h. This study showed that caffeine was able to produce significant alerting and long-lasting beneficial mood effects in individuals deprived of sleep for 48 h.
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Penetar
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: McCann
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thorne
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kamimori
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galinski
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sing
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Belenky
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects*; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000502:physiology*; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002110:Caffeine