title: [Allergic and pseudo-allergic reactions in anesthesia. I: Pathogenesis, risk factors, substances].
abstract: In this article we present a survey on the pathogenesis of allergic or pseudoallergic reactions in anaesthesia, the risk factors and the responsible substances. The incidence of anaphylactoid reactions is between 1:3500 and 1:20,000 anaesthetic cases. The estimated mortality rate amounts to 3-6%. Neuromuscular blocking drugs account for most of the cases of significant anaphylactoid reactions (59-70%). However, the incidence of latex-related reactions in increasing. Risk factors for anaphylaxis are a history of IgE-mediated drug allergy, repeated anaesthesias, atopy, hyperventilation tetany, and the use of neuromuscular blocking drugs in females. Risk factors for pseudoallergic reactions are emotional stress, atopic predisposition, increased sensitivity for histamin, hyperventilation tetany and female gender.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und operative Intensivmedizin, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Theissen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zahn
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Theissen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brehler
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000009:adverse effects; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000401:mortality; D000758:Anesthesia; D000777:Anesthetics / Q000009:adverse effects; D002423:Cause of Death; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000009:adverse effects; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D007840:Latex / Q000009:adverse effects; D009466:Neuromuscular Blocking Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000777:Anesthetics; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D007840:Latex; D009466:Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; D007073:Immunoglobulin E
vernacular_title: Allergische und pseudoallergische Reaktionen in der Anästhesie. Teil I: Pathogenese, Risikofaktoren, Substanzen.