title: Influence of exposure to various fluoride technologies on the prevalence of dental fluorosis.
abstract: An increase in the prevalence of dental fluorosis among children in North America is well documented. Published reports of the relationship between the occurrence of dental fluorosis and early exposure to various fluorides and the use of different types of infant feeding practices have begun to provide insights into possible causes for this increase. This study was designed to investigate this issue for children living in a non-fluoridated and a fluoridated community in British Columbia, Canada. Parents or guardians completed a questionnaire which detailed exposure to different types of fluorides and infant feeding practices during the first 6 yr of life. Completed questionnaires were returned and examinations were performed on 1131 children. 60% of children had dental fluorosis, and only 8% presented with scores of 2 or greater. Logistic regression analyses showed that the use of infant formula and parental educational attainment were significantly associated with the occurrence of dental fluorosis in the range of scores from 2 to 6. Despite these statistically significant findings, these variables actually had little additional predictive value beyond a chance occurrence in determining which children would have dental fluorosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Hann
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berkowitz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001955:British Columbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D004522:Educational Status; D005457:Fluoridation; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D010290:Parents; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D005459:Fluorides