title: Acetylcholine measurement of cerebrospinal fluid by in vivo microdialysis in freely moving rats.
abstract: Acetylcholine (ACh) and choline (Ch) levels in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were determined by in vivo microdialysis (CSF microdialysis) in both halothane-anesthetized and freely-moving rats. The Ch/ACh ratio in CSF perfused with Ringer's solution (30 microliters/30 min) containing 10(-5) M physostigmine, a centrally active cholinesterase inhibitor, was significantly lower than that in unprocessed CSF due to significantly higher ACh levels in the former. The successive measurement on the 2nd and 7th day after the guide cannula implantation demonstrated the feasibility of the CSF microdialysis method for repetitive monitoring of CSF ACh and Ch levels in freely moving rats without extensive tissue damage. Intraperitoneal administration of physostigmine caused an increase in CSF ACh levels, whereas administration of neostigmine, which cannot penetrate into the blood brain barrier, did not. Furthermore, a centrally active acetylcholinergic M1-receptor agonist, AF102B, produced an increase in CSF ACh and Ch levels. Thus, the present study demonstrates that CSF microdialysis is a useful method for evaluating overall central cholinergic activity and investigating the pharmacological effects of various drugs that act via the central cholinergic system.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Pharmacology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Togashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirokami
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tochihara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D000818:Animals; D002794:Choline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000494:pharmacology; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D010277:Parasympathomimetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011812:Quinuclidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013876:Thiophenes
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D010277:Parasympathomimetics; D011812:Quinuclidines; D013876:Thiophenes; C042741:N-ethylhomocholine; C059240:cevimeline; D002794:Choline; D000109:Acetylcholine