title: Some comparisons among the calming and pain-relieving effects of sucrose, glucose, fructose and lactose in infant rats.
abstract: Ultrasonic vocalizations were recorded from 10-day-old albino rats while they were isolated from their dam and siblings. Each rat received a 1.0% BW intra-oral infusion of sucrose, fructose, glucose or lactose at a concentration range of 0.22-0.66 M for 3 min and their vocalizations were determined during the infusion and for an additional 7 min. Sucrose, fructose and glucose all significantly reduced vocalizations to about 50% of baseline levels, whereas lactose, the milk sugar, was ineffective. Moreover, the dose-response function was flat for the three effective sugars. In a second experiment, the effects of these sugars on heat escape latency were measured. Sucrose, fructose and glucose each elevated the latency with which infant rats removed a paw from a 48 degrees C surface; lactose did not. These findings of lactose ineffectiveness and the flat dose-response function for the other three sugars exactly parallel those obtained for human newborns. Their implications are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Blass
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Shide
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014828:Vocalization, Animal
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D002241:Carbohydrates