title: Effect of decaffeination of coffee or tea on gastro-oesophageal reflux.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coffee and tea are believed to cause gastro-oesophageal reflux; however, the effects of these beverages and of their major component, caffeine, have not been quantified. The aim of this study was to evaluate gastro-oesophageal reflux induced by coffee and tea before and after a decaffeination process, and to compare it with water and water-containing caffeine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-hour ambulatory pH-metry was performed on 16 healthy volunteers, who received 300 ml of (i) regular coffee, decaffeinated coffee or tap water (n = 16), (ii) normal tea, decaffeinated tea, tap water, or coffee adapted to normal tea in caffeine concentration (n = 6), and (iii) caffeine-free and caffeine-containing water (n = 8) together with a standardized breakfast.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regular coffee induced a significant (P < 0.05) gastro-oesophageal reflux compared with tap water and normal tea, which were not different from each other. Decaffeination of coffee significantly (P < 0.05) diminished gastro-oesophageal reflux, whereas decaffeination of tea or addition of caffeine to water had no effect. Coffee adapted to normal tea in caffeine concentration significantly (P < 0.05) increased gastro-oesophageal reflux.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coffee, in contrast to tea, increases gastro-oesophageal reflux, an effect that is less pronounced after decaffeination. Caffeine does not seem to be responsible for gastro-oesophageal reflux which must be attributed to other components of coffee.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Medical Department, München-Bogenhausen Hospital, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wendl
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pfeiffer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pehl
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaess
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002110:Caffeine; D003069:Coffee; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D013662:Tea; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D013662:Tea; D014867:Water; D002110:Caffeine