title: Dopamine D2 receptor density estimates in schizophrenia: a positron emission tomography study with 11C-N-methylspiperone.
abstract: Positron emission tomography (PET) with 11C-N-methylspiperone as the radioligand was carried out in 25 chronic schizophrenic patients to determine dopamine D2 receptor density estimates in the corpus striatum. The sample included 18 neuroleptic-naive and 7 neuroleptic-free patients. Dopamine D2 receptor density estimates (Bmax) were obtained using a two-scan/four-compartment model. The Bmax estimates for the entire group (33.39 +/- 3.43 pmole/g) were significantly elevated when compared with estimates for the control group (Bmax = 15.63 +/- 2.38). The Bmax values for the entire group of schizophrenic patients showed a significant decline as a function of age. The Bmax values were significantly related to duration of illness (y = 13.2 + 10.3795x - 0.7931x2; r = 0.48). Thirteen patients and seven control subjects were added to our original publication sample (Wong et al., 1986c). The patients' Bmax values, when adjusted for age and sex effects, were significantly different compared with those of control subjects. Clinical data from the entire group were compared with published data from other research groups that have estimated dopamine D2 receptor density using different radioligands and different methods of data analysis. Comparisons of the clinical characteristics of the published studies show significant differences in patient populations, suggesting that discrepancies among published studies may reflect, in part, heterogeneity among groups of schizophrenic patients. The D2 receptor abnormality described in this study may be a late manifestation of disease, and the implications of this observation are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Tune
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pearlson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strauss
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Shaya
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Dannals
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Ravert
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sapp
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects; D015259:Dopamine Agents; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D013134:Spiperone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D015259:Dopamine Agents; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D013134:Spiperone; C039167:3-N-methylspiperone