Selective effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gp120 on invertebrate neurons.
1. HIV gp120 selectively reduces the glutamate-induced inward current and the acetylcholine-induced outward current in specific and identified Aplysia neurons without affecting dopamine (DA)- and serotonin (5-HT)-induced responses. 2. gp120 specifically decreases DA levels without significantly altering norepinephrine and 5-HT levels in Mytilus pedal ganglia. 3. The gp120-associated decrease in DA levels in Mytilus is dose dependent and exhibits a threshold level. 4. The alteration of in vitro DA levels is specific for gp120 since anti-gp120 blocks the effect. 5. gp120 and its effects appear to be stable due to the duration of treatment and the failure of secondary effects to materialize following antibody treatment.
Stefano
G B
GB
Old Westbury Neuroscience Research Institute, State University of New York at Old Westbury 11568-0210.
Sawada
M
M
Smith
E M
EM
Hughes
T K
TK
D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D001048:Aplysia; D049872:Bivalvia; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D017952:Ganglia, Invertebrate / Q000502:physiology*; D005971:Glutamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D006678:HIV; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011312:Pressure; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism
D000906:Antibodies; D005971:Glutamates; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D015221:Potassium Channels; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012701:Serotonin; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D000109:Acetylcholine; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine