title: [Tuberculosis in children].
abstract: In developed countries like France, the incidence of tuberculosis is low, 5 to 6% in patients under 15 years of age. At the present time, tuberculosis has been irradicated in 11 French regions. Inversely, tuberculosis is still found in the Paris area. Half of the children with tuberculosis are under 5 years of age, underscoring the high risk at this age. Lung and lymph node infection is most often encountered in children with typical complications of endobronchial fistulization and segmentary or lobular atelectasy. Direct examination does not reveal germs in more than 80% of the cases. Other forms are more rarely found in children although congenital, meningeal, serofibrinous pleural, and cervical lymph node tuberculosis are sometimes observed. Latent primary infection, by far the most frequent, can only be recognized by the intradferal tuberculin test. Systematic treatment modalities would now center on the use of combined chemotherapy using two bacteriocidal antibiotics for 2 or 3 years.
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tournier
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents
vernacular_title: Tuberculose de l'enfant.