title: A continuous-speech interface to a decision support system: II. An evaluation using a Wizard-of-Oz experimental paradigm.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluate the performance of a continuous-speech interface to a decision support system.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors performed a prospective evaluation of a speech interface that matches unconstrained utterances of physicians with controlled-vocabulary terms from Quick Medical Reference (QMR). The performance of the speech interface was assessed in two stages: in the real-time experiment, physician subjects viewed audiovisual stimuli intended to evoke clinical findings, spoke a description of each finding into the speech interface, and then chose from a list generated by the interface the QMR term that most closely matched the finding. Subjects believed that the speech recognizer decoded their utterances; in reality, a hidden experimenter typed utterances into the interface (Wizard-of-Oz experimental design). Later, the authors replayed the same utterances through the speech recognizer and measured how accurately utterances matched with appropriate QMR terms using the results of the real-time experiment as the "gold standard."
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors measured how accurately the speech-recognition system converted input utterances to text strings (recognition accuracy) and how accurately the speech interface matched input utterances to appropriate QMR terms (semantic accuracy).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall recognition accuracy was less than 50%. However, using language-processing techniques that match keywords in recognized utterances to keywords in QMR terms, the semantic accuracy of the system was 81%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reasonable semantic accuracy was attained when language-processing techniques were used to accommodate for speech misrecognition. In addition, the Wizard-of-Oz experimental design offered many advantages for this evaluation. The authors believe that this technique may be useful to future evaluators of speech-input systems.
authors.affiliation: Section on Medical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5479.
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Detmer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shiffman
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wyatt
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Fagan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D003658:Decision Making, Computer-Assisted; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D009323:Natural Language Processing; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D012660:Semantics; D013060:Speech; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014584:User-Computer Interface