title: Role of intestinal fluid in restitution of blood volume and plasma protein after hemorrhage in awake rats.
abstract: To determine whether food and/or water in the gastrointestinal tract affects restitution of blood volume and plasma protein after hemorrhage, fed and 24-h-fasted awake rats received a 20 ml.kg-1 x 3 min-1 hemorrhage, and restitution of blood volume was measured by Evans blue dye and dilution of hematocrit. Restitution of blood volume and plasma protein in fed rats was complete by 2-4 h. In contrast, restitution was severely attenuated in fasted rats and was not complete by 24 h. Because initial blood volume was significantly lower in the fasted rats (55.4 +/- 1.7 vs. 64.9 +/- 2.5 ml/kg in fed), the percent blood lost during hemorrhage was significantly greater (36 vs. 31%). However, the attenuated restitution was not the result of the larger hemorrhage, as fed rats receiving a 36% hemorrhage also restored blood volume completely by 4 h. In fasted rats, complete restitution of blood volume did occur when either water or food and water were given 4 h after hemorrhage. Gastrointestinal water content fell (from 65.5 +/- 4.8 to 47.9 +/- 1.6 ml/kg) 2h after hemorrhage in fed but not in fasted rats (33.5 +/- 2.4 to 30.6 +/- 2.5 ml/kg). These data suggest that gastrointestinal fluid is essential for complete restoration of blood volume in the awake rat.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore 21201.
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Darlington
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Magnuson
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Gann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001810:Blood Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000502:physiology*; D001834:Body Water / Q000502:physiology; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007422:Intestines / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013270:Stomach / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins