title: Aflatoxin M1 in human breast milk samples from Victoria, Australia and Thailand.
abstract: This study examined the exposure of infants to aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and of lactating mothers to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), using AFM1 in breast milk as a biomarker for exposure to AFB1. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was modified for the analysis of AFM1 in breast milk samples from 73 women from Victoria for comparison with breast milk samples from Thailand (n = 11). The results were compared with those obtained by HPLC. AFM1 was detected in 11 samples from Victoria and five samples from Thailand at median concentrations of 0.071 ng/ml (range 0.028 to 1.031 ng/ml) and 0.664 ng/ml (range 0.039 to 1.736 ng/ml), respectively. Levels of AFM1 in Thai milk samples were significantly higher than those in milk samples from Victoria.
authors.affiliation: RMIT University, Key Centre for Applied and Nutritional Toxicology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: el-Nezami
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nicoletti
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Neal
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Donohue
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Ahokas
mesh_terms: D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016607:Aflatoxin M1 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007774:Lactation; D016014:Linear Models; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000378:metabolism; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013785:Thailand; D014739:Victoria
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016607:Aflatoxin M1; D010047:Ovalbumin; D016604:Aflatoxin B1