title: Inhibitory effect of the oral immune response modifier, bestatin, on cell-mediated and cell-free HIV infection in vitro.
abstract: The antiviral effect of the immunomodulating anti-cancer agent, bestatin, was examined in vitro by exposing MT-4 lymphocytes to HIV in the presence of 10-fold dilutions of drug (range 100 micrograms-100 pg/ml). The reduction in infectivity was measured by p24 ELISA and compared to the effect of established anti-HIV drugs-azidothymidine (AZT) and dextran sulfate. The results indicate that low doses of bestatin (1 microgram/ml) can completely inhibit viral infection resulting either from inoculation with free virus or coculture with infected lymphocytes. Unlike AZT or dextran sulfate, bestatin prevents HIV infection without interfering with the rate of cell growth. No appreciable decrease in HIV production was observed when chronically infected virus-producing T cell lines ie, H9, MOLT-4, HPB-ALL, 8E5 and MT-2 were treated with bestatin. Bestatin appears to act in the early stages of viral penetration, possibly through inhibition of lymphocyte-associated aminopeptidases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, New York University Medical Center, NY 10016.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bourinbaiar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee-Huang
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Krasinski
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Borkowsky
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002474:Cell-Free System / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D016264:Dextran Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007930:Leucine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D015215:Zidovudine; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D007930:Leucine; C012211:ubenimex