title: The use of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to estimate body composition in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT).
abstract: Although weight gain often accompanies intensive treatment regimens designed to achieve near-normal glycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), body composition (BC) has not been well studied. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a safe, rapid, and non-invasive method of assessing BC but has not been utilized widely in IDDM. Data from 46 adults with IDDM were used to develop a regression model estimating fat-free body mass (FFM) from bioimpedance measurements obtained using a proximal electrode placement. Reference values of FFM were determined by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). A model using the ratio of height squared to the minimum resistance of 4 limb-lead combinations (H2/R), total body weight, and a weight-gender interaction achieved a high level of accuracy (R2 = 0.982, residual standard deviation = 1.43 kg), while studies of 10 subjects before and after a light meal found no short-term effect of glycemia on measured BIA variables. BIA will therefore be used in combination with waist-to-hip ratios to study the composition and distribution of the increased weight associated with intensive therapy in the DCCT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, St Michael's Hospital, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Leiter
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lukaski
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kenny
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barnie
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Camelon
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: MacLean
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Simkins
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zinman
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Cleary
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D001824:Body Constitution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001834:Body Water; D003720:Densitometry; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose