title: The manifestation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in adenoid cystic carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of immunostaining with a genetically engineered monoclonal antibody (PC10) to proliferating cell nuclear antigen in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from patients with ACC were stained with PC10, and an index (percentage of positively staining cells per tumor cells) was calculated. The patients' clinical course was compared with the PC10 index. Follow-up ranged from 12 to 177 months (mean, 64 months).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient selection and immunohistochemical studies were done at Seoul (Korea) National University Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight cases of ACC were retrieved from our files between January 1979 and December 1992.
  
  
  METHODS
  All of the cases expressed the PC10 antibody. The PC10 index ranged from 1.0% to 44% (mean, 14.5%). We divided the 28 cases into two groups: group 1 (PC10 index, less than 15%) and group 2 (PC10 index, greater than 15%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PC10 index (groups 1 and 2) did not correlate with established pathologic grades, tumor staging, local recurrences, or survival rates. However, those with higher PC10 indexes (group 2) exhibited significantly increased distant metastases compared with those with lower indexes (group 1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the proliferating cell nuclear antigen in ACC may be used as an indicator in the prediction of distant metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Korea.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003528:Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen