Intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM)-1 ICAM-2 and ICAM-3 function as counter-receptors for lymphocyte function-associated molecule 1 in human immunodeficiency virus-mediated syncytia formation.
It has been previously demonstrated that lymphocyte function-associated molecule 1 (LFA-1) plays a major role in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-mediated syncytia formation. In the present study we investigated the involvement of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), ICAM-2 and ICAM-3 in the process. The ability of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed against ICAM-1, ICAM-2 and ICAM-3 to block syncytia was analyzed either in phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-activated lymphocytes infected in vitro with primary or laboratory strains of HIV or by coculturing a T cell line stably expressing HIV envelope with PHA-activated lymphocytes. Complete inhibition of syncytia formation was observed only by the simultaneous addition to the cell cultures of all (i.e. anti-ICAM-1, anti-ICAM-2 and anti-ICAM-3) mAb. These results indicate that the interaction between LFA-1 and ICAM is a critical step in HIV-mediated syncytia formation, and that ICAM-1, ICAM-2 and ICAM-3 are the receptor molecules for the LFA-1-dependent syncytia formation.
Butini
L
L
Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
De Fougerolles
A R
AR
Vaccarezza
M
M
Graziosi
C
C
Cohen
D I
DI
Montroni
M
M
Springer
T A
TA
Pantaleo
G
G
Fauci
A S
AS
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000382:microbiology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000502:physiology*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C065289:ICAM2 protein, human; C483616:ICAM3 protein, human; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1