title: Glyceroltrioleate/glyceroltrierucate therapy in 16 patients with X-chromosomal adrenoleukodystrophy/adrenomyeloneuropathy: effect on clinical, biochemical and neurophysiological parameters.
abstract: We have investigated the effect of glyceroltrioleate/glyceroltrierucate (GTO/GTE) therapy on X-chromosomal adrenoleukodystrophy in 16 patients with adrenoleukodystrophy (n = 6), adrenomyeloneuropathy (n = 3), Addison disease without neurological involvement (n = 2), and neurologically and endocrinologically asymptomatic patients (n = 5). Therapy was carried out for 19.4 +/- 10 months. All patients showed a normalization of C 26:0 plasma fatty acid concentrations. None of the seven neurologically asymptomatic patients developed neurological symptoms. Somatosensory evoked potentials of the tibialis nerve was the most sensitive electrophysiological parameter, showing a slight improvement in neurologically asymptomatic patients during therapy. In none of the patients with normal cranial MRI at start of therapy (n = 6) has MRI deterioration been observed whilst on therapy. Follow up of the neurologically asymptomatic children supports the hypothesis that GTO/GTE therapy might prevent the development of neurological symptoms. Six of the nine neurologically symptomatic patients deteriorated to varying degrees whilst on therapy. MRI alterations have worsened in all patients with clinical deterioration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GTO/GTE treatment should be initiated in all neurological asymptomatic boys before first neurological symptoms develop. To discover these patients very long-chain fatty acid determination should be performed in all family members at risk when adrenoleukodystrophy or adrenomyeloneuropathy is diagnosed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics and Neuropaediatrics, University of Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Korenke
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Hunneman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kohler
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stöckler
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Landmark
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hanefeld
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000304:Adrenal Cortex Function Tests; D000326:Adrenoleukodystrophy / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D004883:Erucic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000209:etiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009431:Neural Conduction; D013127:Spinal Nerves / Q000503:physiopathology; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000209:etiology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014304:Triolein / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014960:X Chromosome
chemical_list: D004883:Erucic Acids; D005227:Fatty Acids; D014280:Triglycerides; D014304:Triolein; C030774:trierucate