title: Serious adverse events in Norplant users reported to the Food and Drug Administration's MedWatch Spontaneous Reporting System.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe serious adverse events in Norplant users from reports submitted to the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Spontaneous Reporting System.
  
  
  METHODS
  Reports of certain serious adverse events in Norplant users in the United States from February 1991 to December 1993 were reviewed and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From the introduction of Norplant in the United States in February 1991 to December 1993, the FDA received reports of 24 women hospitalized for infections at the insertion site, 14 hospitalized or disabled because of difficulties removing the capsules, 14 hospitalized for stroke, three for thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura, six for thrombocytopenia, and 39 for pseudotumor cerebri. The comparison of reported rates with expected rates and the relationship of some of these disorders with oral contraceptives raises the suspicion of a causal association with Norplant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The FDA has received reports of hospitalization or disability for infections, capsule removal difficulties, stroke, thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura, thrombocytopenia, and pseudotumor cerebri in Norplant users. Health care professionals need to be trained in Norplant insertion and removal to ensure the proper technique. Studies are needed to determine if stroke, thrombocytopenia, and pseudotumor cerebri are causally related to Norplant use.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Surveillance, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland.
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Wysowski
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Green
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003646:Debridement; D004322:Drainage; D004343:Drug Implants; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D016912:Levonorgestrel / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010956:Plasmapheresis; D011559:Pseudotumor Cerebri / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D011697:Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004343:Drug Implants; D016912:Levonorgestrel