P-glycoprotein (MDR 1 gene product) in cells of the immune system: its possible physiologic role and alteration in aging and human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection.
P-glycoprotein, a 170-kd glycoprotein encoded by the MDR 1 gene, is a member of a highly conserved superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport proteins. It shares extensive homology with numerous bacterial and eukaryotic ABC transport proteins. P-glycoprotein acts as an energy-dependent efflux pump that appears to transport structurally diverse agents ranging from ions to peptides. P-glycoprotein (P-gP) has been implicated as playing a role in multidrug (MDR) resistance in cancer, chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum infection, and possibly human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) resistance to nucleoside compounds. A number of normal tissues in humans and rodents have been shown to express high levels of P-gp. The expression and function of P-gp in cells of the immune system have been explored in the past 2 years. This review presents a state of the art regarding the expression, regulation, and function of Pgp in cells of the immune system. In addition, its alteration in aging and HIV-1 infection is reviewed. A possible physiologic role of P-gp in cytokine secretion, antigen processing/presentation, and effector functions is also discussed.
Gupta
S
S
University of California, Irvine 92717.
Gollapudi
S
S
D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D015870:Gene Expression; D005796:Genes; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012377:Rodentia; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D015215:Zidovudine