title: Ocular macro- and microcirculation after topical application of clonidine and metipranolol.
abstract: We investigated the effect of clonidine (Isoglaucon, an alpha-agonist) and metipranolol (Betamann, a beta-antagonist) on the blood flow in the ophthalmic artery and the anterior uvea of 40 young, healthy volunteers (mean age, 23.5 +/- 2 years) in a prospective, randomized simple blind study. The blood flow in the iris and ciliary body was detected by laser-Doppler flowmetry (bpm, 403a; TSI; wavelength, 780 nm; power, < 1.6 mW). The blood flow in the ophthalmic artery was measured by pulsed Doppler sonography (4 MHz, EME). The blood pressure, pulse respiration, and intraocular pressure (IOP) were recorded. Vascular resistance (RF) was calculated by the equation RF = (RRmean--IOP)/blood flow. Group 1 was treated with a single drop of Betamann (3 mg/ml) applied topically, and group 2 was treated with Isoglaucon (2.5 mg/ml). Measurements were made before and 30 min after application. Both drugs significantly lowered the IOP by about 7% (P = 0.01). Clonidine did not affect the blood velocity in the ophthalmic artery. In group 2 (metipranolol) we found a significant increase in the blood velocity in the ophthalmic artery during the diastolic period (from 11.0 +/- 3.7 to 11.9 +/- 2.2 cm/s, P = 0.05). Both clonidine and metipranolol decreased the iridal blood flow [clonidine, from 9.3 +/- 3.9 to 7.6 +/- 3.1 (flux), P = 0.05; metipranolol, from 7.5 +/- 2.9 to 6.5 +/- 2.6 (flux), P = 0.05]. Vascular resistance in the iris increased under the effect of clonidine (P = 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Augenklinik mit Poliklinik, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Groh
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Michelson
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Groh
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Gründler
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D014290:Metipranolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects; D009880:Ophthalmic Artery / Q000502:physiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D014602:Uvea / Q000098:blood supply*; D014655:Vascular Resistance
chemical_list: D003000:Clonidine; D014290:Metipranolol