title: Phenotypic and functional activation of monocytes in HIV-1 infection: interactions with neural cells.
abstract: To investigate mechanisms that facilitate transendothelial migration of HIV-infected leukocytes and their interactions with neural tissues early in the disease, we studied peripheral blood from Centers for Disease Control class A patients. Patients' monocytes displayed increased quantities of the adhesion molecules CD11a, CD11b, and very late antigen 4 (VLA-4). Expression of these correlated directly with the numbers of monocytes that migrated through confluent endothelium. These ligands also mediated leukocyte interactions with cultured human neural cell lines. Although patients' cells bound in greater numbers, there was no evidence of target cell injury. To evaluate the direct effect of HIV-1 on monocyte neuroadhesion, we compared infected with uninfected monocytoid (U-937,THP-1) and T lymphoblastoid (MT-4) cell lines. HIV infection increased the neuroadhesiveness of monocytoid lines only. By using lines with more than 95% HIV-infected cells, we demonstrated that HIV-1 gp120 participates with lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 and VLA-4 to mediate monocyte-neural cell interactions.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for AIDS and HIV Infections, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Birdsall
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trial
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hallum
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bandres
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Smole
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Laughter
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Rossen
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology; D018845:CD11 Antigens; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D010641:Phenotype; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D016029:Receptors, Very Late Antigen / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D018845:CD11 Antigens; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D016029:Receptors, Very Late Antigen