title: Consciousness and psychotherapy.
abstract: The origins and resistance to change of neurotic procedures are considered with particular reference to the nature and role of consciousness. It is argued that the traditional opposition between conscious and unconscious systems provides an unsatisfactory model. The crucial role of language in the formation of human self-consciousness is emphasized. The restricted procedural repertoire of neurotic subjects, and their deficient self-consciousness, can be attributed to a number of factors. It is argued that the main use of consciousness in therapy should be to heighten the patient's awareness of his or her damaging or restricting procedural repertoire through the process of reformulation, which allows recognition, and in due course revision to be achieved.
authors.affiliation: UMDS, Munro Clinic, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ryle
mesh_terms: D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D003243:Consciousness; D004532:Ego; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D009497:Neurotic Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D011613:Psychotherapy