title: A reassessment of frequency estimates of PvuII-generated VNTR profiles in a Finnish, an Italian, and a general U.S. Caucasian database: no evidence for ethnic subgroups affecting forensic estimates.
abstract: Recently, Krane et al. addressed the effect of estimating various target DNA profile frequencies in Finnish, Italian, and general U.S. Caucasian databases. They observed that, when using an "inappropriate ethnic," or noncognate, database (e.g., a Finnish target profile frequency estimated in an Italian database, and vice versa), estimates were less common than when the target profile frequencies were estimated using their own ethnic, or cognate, database, and these estimates differed by more than one order of magnitude. These differences were attributed to the effects of subgroups. We demonstrate that the differences can be ascribed to statistical artifacts that induce large biases and correlations. Additionally, we show that the differences of estimates of any specific DNA profile frequency based on allelic size frequencies from different databases become smaller when the fixed-bin rather than a +/- 2.5% floating-bin approach is used.
authors.affiliation: Forensic Science Research and Training Center, FBI Academy, Laboratory Division, Quantico, VA 22135.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Budowle
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Monson
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Giusti
mesh_terms: D015982:Bias; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics; D002879:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10; D002885:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16; D002889:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics*; D005387:Finland; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014481:United States; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics; D001741:Black or African American