title: Primary amino acid sequence and structure of human pyruvate carboxylase.
abstract: Pyruvate carboxylase (PC) (pyruvate:carbon dioxide ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.4.1.1.), a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial enzyme, catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate. We have isolated and characterized cDNAs spanning the entire coding region of human PC. The sequence of human PC has an open reading frame of 3537 nucleotides which encodes for a polypeptide with a length of 1178 amino acids. The identity of the cDNA as PC is confirmed by comparison to PC cDNAs of other species and sequenced peptide fragments of mammalian PC. The M(r) of the full length precursor protein is 129,576 and that of the mature apoprotein is 127,370. RNA blot analysis from a variety of human tissues demonstrates that the highest level of PC mRNA is found in liver corresponding to this tissue's high level of PC activity. Based on homology with other biotin-containing proteins, the ATP, pyruvate, and biotin-binding sites can be identified. One of two patients with documented PC deficiency was found to be missing PC mRNA, further confirming the identity of this cDNA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital, Cleveland, OH 44106.
authors.forename: I D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Wexler
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Lisgaris
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Freytag
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kerr
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D001710:Biotin / Q000737:chemistry; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry; D015723:Gene Library; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011766:Pyruvate Carboxylase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015324:Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D015183:Restriction Mapping
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D001710:Biotin; D011766:Pyruvate Carboxylase