title: Pharmacokinetics and biochemical efficacy of idrapril calcium, a novel ACE inhibitor, after multiple oral administration in humans.
abstract: The pharmacokinetic profile and biochemical efficacy of idrapril calcium, a novel angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, were evaluated in healthy volunteers after multiple dosing for 5 days at the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg twice daily. The study was conducted as a double-blind, cross-over comparison of idrapril calcium against placebo. Plasma concentrations of idrapril were determined by an indirect enzymatic method. Urinary concentrations were measured by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (h.p.l.c.). Plasma samples were also analysed for ACE activity. The pharmacokinetics of idrapril calcium did not change significantly between day 1 and day 5. The values of Cmax and AUC were dose-related over the range of doses tested; tmax was 3-4 h and apparent elimination half-life was 1.4-1.6 h. Plasma ACE activity was maximally inhibited (94-96%) at all dose levels and remained more than 80% depressed from 2 to at least 6 h after idrapril calcium. Although the maximum effect was not dose-related, the duration of inhibition showed some dose-dependency, ACE activity returning to 56, 45 and 29% of the basal value 12 h after the 100, 200 and 400 mg doses, respectively. There were no clinically significant adverse events experienced by the volunteers. No dose-related effects on blood pressure or heart rate were observed. There were no changes in clinical pathology tests, urine analyses or electrocardiograms after dosing with idrapril calcium. Idrapril calcium, the prototype of a new class of ACE inhibitors, appears to be well-tolerated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Inveresk Clinical Research Ltd, Edinburgh, U.K.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Wyld
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lippi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Criscuoli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Del Re
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Subissi
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001682:Biological Availability; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000187:drug effects; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006898:Hydroxylamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D006898:Hydroxylamines; C076966:idrapril; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A