Different effects of a macrophage cytokine on proliferation in astrocytes and Schwann cells.
The proliferative response in vitro to a novel macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP) 1 alpha has been investigated in astrocytes and Schwann cells. MIP 1 alpha is growth-inhibitory in all cell systems investigated so far and we show here that this cytokine also inhibits the proliferation of astrocytes. This response is seen most clearly when MIP 1 alpha reduces the proliferative response of astrocytes to a potent mitogen. Elevation of intracellular cyclic AMP with forskolin enhances the effects of MIP 1 alpha. In contrast, we show that the proliferation of cultured Schwann cells is stimulated by MIP 1 alpha, and that stimulation is enhanced by simultaneous exposure to forskolin. The possible consequences of these differing responses are discussed in the context of the acute response to injury and potential for regeneration of the peripheral and central nervous systems.
Khan
S
S
Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology, United Medical School, London, UK.
Wigley
C
C
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D015846:Monokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000187:drug effects; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology
D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D016207:Cytokines; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D015846:Monokines; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D005576:Colforsin; D000242:Cyclic AMP