title: Sequencing analysis of Ha-, Ki-, and N-ras genes in rat urinary bladder tumors induced by N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide (FANFT) and sodium saccharin.
abstract: Male F344 rats were fed N[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide (FANFT) for up to 4 wk, then given the basal diet with or without 5% sodium saccharin for up to 100 wk. In a previous study, we demonstrated point mutations in codons 12 and 61 of Ha-ras gene among eleven transitional cell carcinomas (TCC), one undifferentiated carcinoma, and two sarcomas of the urinary bladder (Mol Carcinogen 3:210-215, 1990). In this study, Ha-ras, Ki-ras, and N-ras sequences were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct DNA sequencing. The results confirm the point mutation in codon 61 (CAA to CGA in 5 TCCs and to CTA in one TCC) of the Ha-ras gene. Mutation at codon 12 was not confirmed. No mutation was found in the Ki-ras gene. Sequences of the N-ras gene exons 1 and 2 were determined, and no mutations was detected. These results suggest the involvement of activated Ha-ras gene, but not Ki-N or N-ras gene, in rat urinary bladder carcinogenesis induced by FANFT. Subsequent sodium saccharin administration did not affect the changes in Ha-ras gene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masui
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Borgeson
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Garland
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pelling
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics*; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000737:chemistry; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005200:FANFT; D011905:Genes, ras / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017354:Point Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012439:Saccharin; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D017931:DNA Primers; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D005200:FANFT; D012439:Saccharin