title: A randomized clinical trial of the effect of deliberate perioperative increase of oxygen delivery on mortality in high-risk surgical patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of deliberate perioperative increase in oxygen delivery on mortality and morbidity in patients who are at high risk of both following surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A teaching hospital general intensive care unit, London, England.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 107 surgical patients, who were assessed as high risk from previously identified criteria, were studied during an 18-month period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 54) that received best standard perioperative care, or to a protocol group (n = 53) that, in addition, had deliberate increase of oxygen delivery index to greater than 600 mL/min per square meter by use of dopexamine hydrochloride infusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mortality and complications were assessed to 28 days postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Groups were similar with respect to demographics, admission criteria, operation type, and admission hemodynamic variables. Groups were treated similarly to maintain blood pressure, arterial saturation, hemoglobin concentration, and pulmonary artery occlusion pressure; however, once additional treatment with dopexamine hydrochloride had been given, the protocol group had significantly higher oxygen delivery preoperatively (median, 597 vs 399 mL/min per square meter; P < .001) and postoperatively (P < .001). Results indicate a 75% reduction in mortality (5.7% vs 22.2%; P = .015) and a halving of the mean (+/- SEM) number of complications per patient (0.68 [+/- 0.16] vs 1.35 [+/- 0.20]; P = .008) in patients randomized to the protocol group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perioperative increase of oxygen delivery with dopexamine hydrochloride significantly reduces mortality and morbidity in high-risk surgical patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, St George's Hospital, London, England.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Boyd
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Grounds
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Bennett
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D008131:London; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D015259:Dopamine Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C046318:dopexamine; D010100:Oxygen; D004298:Dopamine