title: A phase II trial of oral etoposide with mitoxantrone and ifosfamide/mesna consolidated with intravenous etoposide, methylprednisolone, high-dose arabinoside, and cisplatin as salvage therapy for relapsing and/or refractory lymphomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the response to oral Etoposide when combined with mesna, ifosfamide, and mitoxantrone in patients with relapsed and/or refractory lymphoma. To evaluate response and its duration after administration of intravenous Etoposide, methylprednisolone, high-dose cytosine arabinoside, and cisplatin (ESHAP) as consolidation therapy after complete or partial responses (CR or PR, respectively) or after crossover therapy for progressive disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients received MINE(o) consisting of mesna, 1.33 g/m2 infused over 1 hour daily x 3 followed 4 hours later by oral mesna at 500 mg; ifosfamide, 1.33 g/m2 infused over 1 hour daily x 3; mitoxantrone, 8 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1, and oral VP-16, 30 mg/m2 daily x 13. The ESHAP regimen consisted of intravenous VP-16, 40 mg/m2 infused over 2 hours daily x 4; methylprednisolone, 500 mg intravenously daily x 4; cytosine arabinoside, 1.5 g/m2 infused over 3 hours on day 4; and cisplatin, 25 mg/m2 given as a continuous 24-hour infusion daily x 4. Statistical analysis was performed using the 2-stage design described by Simon. For the oral VP-16 regimen to be of interest, at least 36% patients had to achieve a complete remission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall response rate achieved with MINE(o) was 40% (15% CR, 25% PR). Seven patients with prior exposure to cytosine arabinoside and cisplatin (AP) received MINE(o) alone of whom only one achieved a response (CR). Thirteen patients without prior exposure to AP received consolidation (2 patients) or crossover (11 patients) therapy with ESHAP. Crossover therapy with ESHAP further improved the response in only two of five patients with partial response to MINE(o) and none of six patients who failed MINE(o). Median response duration for the patients who received MINE(o)/ESHAP was 12 weeks (range, 4-55 weeks).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral VP-16 combined with ifosfamide/mesna and mitoxantrone at the doses and schedules indicated has little activity against relapsed and/or refractory lymphomas. Crossover therapy with ESHAP did not further improve the response rate. The duration of response after MINE(o)/ESHAP was short.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Romaguera
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Hagemeister
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Swan
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Sarris
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Younes
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cabanillas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D015080:Mesna / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008776:Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D008942:Mitoxantrone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011241:Prednisone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D016879:Salvage Therapy
chemical_list: D003561:Cytarabine; D008776:Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate; D005047:Etoposide; D008942:Mitoxantrone; D015080:Mesna; D002945:Cisplatin; D007069:Ifosfamide; D011241:Prednisone; D008775:Methylprednisolone