title: Women participants in research: assessing progress.
abstract: This study reviewed 1,050 articles published in the New England Journal of Medicine, the American Journal of Psychiatry, and the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology in 1982 and 1991/92. The NEJM included the fewest female subjects at both assessments (26.6% in 1982 and 36.5% in 1991/92), and one way analysis of variance showed a significantly smaller percentage of women in the NEJM compared to either the AJP or the JCCP (F = (2,1048) = 11.5, p < .001) in 1991/92. The NEJM did increase the percentage of women participants over the decade (t(534) = 3.0, p = .001), but there was no increase in the proportion of its studies including women. Attempts to encourage the inclusion of women in health-related research have been only modestly successful. Medical research, in particular, continues to underrepresent women in its published studies.
authors.affiliation: Bates College, Department of Psychology, Lewiston, ME 04240.
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Low
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Joliceour
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Colman
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Fleisher
mesh_terms: D003933:Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D009316:National Institutes of Health (U.S.); D012106:Research / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards*; D012307:Risk Factors; D015983:Selection Bias; D012737:Sex Factors; D014481:United States; D016387:Women's Health