Effects of dietary protein conditioning on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicosis in healthy male dogs.
Eighteen 6-month-old male Beagles with normal renal function were allotted at random to 3 groups of 6 dogs each. For 21 days, each group was fed a diet that was similar except for protein content (high protein, 27.3%; medium protein, 13.7%; and low protein, 9.4%). After the conditioning period, gentamicin was administered at a dosage of 10 mg/kg of body weight, IM, every 8 hours for 8 days, and the respective diet was continued. Clearance of endogenous creatinine, 24-hour urinary excretion of protein and enzymes (gamma-glutamyltransferase, and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, and fractional clearance of sodium and potassium (%) were determined before and after dietary protein conditioning and on days 2, 4, 6, and 8 of gentamicin administration. Additionally, trough serum gentamicin concentration was determined on days 2, 4, 6, and 8 of gentamicin administration. At the end of the study, all dogs were euthanatized; renal histologic features were graded, using a continuous ranking scale, and renal cortical gentamicin concentrations were measured. Data were ranked and analyzed, using a nonparametric equivalent of a two-way ANOVA; P < 0.05 was considered significant. After the dietary conditioning period (prior to gentamicin), dogs fed the high-protein diet had higher endogenous creatinine clearance and urinary excretion of protein, compared with dogs fed the low-protein diet. Differences existed among groups after 8 days of gentamicin administration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Grauer
G F
GF
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523.
Greco
D S
DS
Behrend
E N
EN
Fettman
M J
MJ
Jaenke
R S
RS
Allen
T A
TA
D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D004285:Dogs; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000633:toxicity*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine; D011897:Random Allocation; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000652:urine
D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005839:Gentamicins; D012964:Sodium; D003404:Creatinine; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase; D011188:Potassium