title: Two 10-bp regions are critical for phytochrome regulation of a Lemna gibba Lhcb gene promoter.
abstract: Two small regions of the promoter of an Lhcb gene encoding a light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein were identified as essential in conferring phytochrome responsiveness by using a transient expression assay. Initially, 5' deletion analysis of cabAB19, an Lhcb2 gene of Lemna, showed that sequences within the region from -174 to -104 relative to the start of transcription were necessary for phytochrome regulation. Internal deletion and substitution mutants were used to demonstrate that no additional phytochrome-responsive regions exist between -1600 and -174 in this promoter. A 171-bp fragment of the promoter extending from -239 to -69 was sufficient to impart phytochrome responsiveness to a minimal ubiquitin promoter that was not itself regulated by light. Specific binding of Lemna proteins to the region necessary for phytochrome responsiveness was demonstrated using in vitro polyacrylamide gel mobility shift assays and 1,10-phenanthroline copper ion footprinting. Further analysis of the region from -174 to -104 demonstrated that mutations in two separate 10-bp sequences, from -134 to -125 and from -114 to -105, could abolish phytochrome responsiveness; thus, there are two unique regions that are necessary for phytochrome regulation of this gene. One of these regions contains a CCAAT motif and the other a GATA motif. These motifs are conserved in the promoters of many Lhcb genes and may be important elements in the phytochrome responsiveness of this gene family.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of California at Los Angeles 90024-1606.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kehoe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Degenhardt
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Winicov
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Tobin
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000528:radiation effects*; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D008027:Light; D045342:Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes; D008156:Luciferases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D010834:Phytochrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014170:Transformation, Genetic; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D045342:Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014452:Ubiquitins; D010834:Phytochrome; D008156:Luciferases