title: Chronic intoxication of organophosphorus pesticide and its treatment.
abstract: Clinical manifestations of chronic intoxication due to organophosphorus pesticide (OP) and treatment by prifinium bromide, an anticholinergic drug (Padrin), have been introduced. All patients showed oculopathy, mainly neuro-ophthalmological impairments such as: 1. optic neuropathy, 2. degeneration of the retina, 3. defective vertical smooth pursuit, 4. myopia; spasm or paresis of accommodation with or without corneal astigmatism "with the rule" and mild general neurological impairments. These manifestations were more severe among children than in adults, who were environmentally exposed mainly to 3% Malathion sprayed by helicopters several times a year for over 3-5 years. Presumed intake of Malathion for a given child is a far lower dosage than considered previously. Padrin (prifinium bromide) with vitamin B12, C, and E were effective in regressing oculopathy exposed environmentally to OP pesticides.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hanai
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000506:poisoning*; D008297:Male; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013577:Syndrome; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy; D014815:Vitamins / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D014815:Vitamins