title: Stimulation by prostaglandin E2 of a high-affinity GTPase in the secretory granules of normal rat and human pancreatic islets.
abstract: Recent reports of a pertussis-toxin (Ptx)-sensitive inhibition of glucose-induced insulin release by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in transformed beta-cells prompted us to look for the presence of prostaglandin-regulatable GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins) on the secretory granules of normal pancreatic islets. PGE2 (but not PGF2 alpha, PGA2, PGB2 or PGD2) stimulated in a concentration-dependent manner a high-affinity GTPase activity in the secretory-granule-enriched fractions of both normal rat and human islets. Similar results were found after sucrose-density-gradient-centrifugation-based isolation of secretory granules to those after a differential-centrifugation procedure. Half-maximal stimulation occurred at 800 nM PGE2, a concentration known to inhibit both phases of glucose-induced insulin secretion from pure beta-cell lines. The GTPase stimulatory effect of PGE2 was blocked virtually totally by Ptx pretreatment; it was not due to an effect on substrate binding since no measurable effect of PGE2 on binding of guanosine 5'-[gamma-[35S]thio]triphosphate was observed in cognate fractions. Other Ptx-sensitive inhibitors of insulin secretion (such as adrenaline or clonidine) also stimulated GTPase activity, suggesting that one (or more) inhibitory exocytotic G-proteins (i.e. a putative GEi) is located on the secretory granules. These studies demonstrate, for the first time in an endocrine gland, the presence of a regulatable G-protein, strategically located on the secretory granules where it might regulate the exocytotic cascade distal to both plasma-membrane events and the generation of soluble mediators of insulin secretion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison 53792.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kowluru
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Metz
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002458:Cell Fractionation / Q000379:methods; D003594:Cytoplasmic Granules / Q000201:enzymology*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D010455:Peptides; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000201:enzymology; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology; D014862:Wasp Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; D014862:Wasp Venoms; C037500:mastoparan; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases; D015232:Dinoprostone