title: The LFA-1/ICAM cell adhesion pathway is involved in tumor-cell lysis mediated by bispecific monoclonal-antibody-targeted T lymphocytes.
abstract: We investigated the role of the LFA-1/ICAM, VLA-4/VCAM-1 and CD2/LFA-3 adhesion pathways in the cytolysis of tumor cells mediated by an anti-EGF-R/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody (biMAb). The biMAb induced efficient lysis of EGF-R+ tumor cells (A431, HT-29, IGROV-1 and MDA-MB468) by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) cultured in IL-2. Pretreatment of effector cells by anti-LFA-1 alpha (CD11a) and anti-LFA-1 beta (CD18) MAbs significantly inhibited cytolysis of all types of EGF-R+ tumor cells, while anti-CD2 and anti-VLA-4 MAbs were virtually ineffective. We investigated the expression of adhesion-molecule counter-receptors on tumor target cells by indirect immunofluorescence. HT-29, A431 and MDA-MB 468 tumor cells expressed an ICAM-1+2-3- VCAM-1- LFA-3+ phenotype, while IGROV-1 was ICAM-1-2+3- VCAM-1- LFA-3+. Pre-treatment of A431, HT-29 and MDA-MB468 with anti-ICAM-1 MAb inhibited cytolysis, further supporting the functional involvement of the LFA-1/ICAM adhesion pathway in biMAb-targeted tumor-cell lysis. In addition, treatment of target cells with TNF alpha or IFN gamma for 24 hr increased the expression of ICAM-1 in HT-29, A431 and MDA-MB468 (ICAM-2 was induced on IGROV-1) and also enhanced the sensitivity of these target cells to biMAb-targeted cytotoxicity. These data suggest that up-regulation of ICAM-molecule expression by inflammatory cytokines may increase susceptibility of tumor cells to biMAb-targeted lysis. Anti-LFA-1 MAbs did not significantly inhibit the formation of conjugates between biMAb-coated T lymphocytes and tumor cells. Co-aggregation of LFA-1 molecules with biMAb-bound CD3 molecules resulted in a more sustained and prolonged increase in the intracellular concentration of free Ca++ in CD8+ cultured CTL lines. These findings indicate that in T cells targeted by anti-CD3/anti-TAA biMAb LFA-1 may act as a co-receptor molecule which enhances signal transduction through the CD3/TCR complex.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferrini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sforzini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cambiaggi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poggi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meazza
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Canevari
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Colnaghi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moretta
mesh_terms: D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific / Q000276:immunology*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D018801:CD2 Antigens; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000276:immunology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D016029:Receptors, Very Late Antigen / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D018801:CD2 Antigens; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D016029:Receptors, Very Late Antigen