title: Energy metabolism in free-living, 'large-eating' and 'small-eating' women: studies using 2H2(18)O.
abstract: The doubly-labelled water (2H2(18)O) technique was used to assess the long-term rates of energy expenditure and, after accounting for any changes in body composition, the derived rates of energy intake in weight-stable 'large-eating' (n 6) and 'small-eating' (n 6) women. The self-reported energy intakes (approximately 11.2 v. 5.6 MJ/d) and energy expenditures (approximately 8.5 v. 12.4 MJ/d) for the 'large-eating' and 'small-eating' groups respectively, should not be sustainable without significant body-weight changes. 2H2(18)O-assessed rates of energy expenditure for the 'large-eaters' (approximately 8.5 MJ/d) and 'small-eaters' (approximately 11.3 MJ/d) were in close agreement with the results obtained using 5 d, self-reported activity diaries but the derived rates of energy intake for the 'large-' (approximately 8.5 MJ/d) and 'small-eaters' (approximately 10.8 MJ/d) were markedly different from those obtained using self-reported, weighed food diaries. When two 'small-eaters' were supplied with their self-reported energy intakes (approximately 5 MJ/d) for up to 28 d both subjects lost about 0.75 kg body-weight/week. These results provide no support for the existence of 'metabolically efficient' women in the community.
authors.affiliation: CSIRO (Australia), Division of Human Nutrition, Adelaide.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tomas
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Withers
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chandler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brinkman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ballard
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nestel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D017666:Deuterium Oxide; D015930:Diet Records; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007201:Indicator Dilution Techniques; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes
chemical_list: D010103:Oxygen Isotopes; D017666:Deuterium Oxide