title: [Cytomorphometric study of polytene chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster Meig. in connection to the heterosis effect, selection by adaptively important traits and sex].
abstract: Four classes of cell nuclei containing polytene chromosomes of different diameters were detected in the salivary glands of Drosophila at the stage of 0-hour prepupae. The diameter of chromosomes was shown to depend on the level of polyteny. In the selected highly inbred lines LA (low activity) and HA (high activity) and in their F1 hybrids LA x HA and HA x LA, the ratios of nuclei containing chromosomes with different levels of polyteny were analyzed. It was established that chromosomes of an inadaptive line LA have a decreased level of polyteny. The hybrids were superior to both parent lines in terms of the trait studied. Giant chromosomes of line and hybrid females had higher levels of polyteny than male chromosomes. It is shown that the level of polyteny of giant chromosomes in Drosophila lines and their hybrids is correlated with differences in traits with a high adaptive value, such as rate of development, fertility, heat resistance, competitiveness, etc.
authors.forename: V Iu
authors.initials: VIu
authors.lastname: Strashniuk
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Nepeĭvoda
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Shakhbazov
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006579:Heterozygote; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D008297:Male; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D012737:Sex Factors
vernacular_title: Tsitomorfometricheskoe issledovanie politennykh khromosom Drosophila melanogaster Meig. v sviazi s éffektom geterozisa, otborom po adaptivno vazhnym priznakam i polom.