title: Microhysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy results following failed diagnostic dilatation and curettage in women with postmenopausal bleeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was twofold: firstly to evaluate and compare the diagnostic precision of the microhysteroscopy (MH) and endometrial biopsy in a group of menopausal women in whom D&C had failed to obtain an adequate endometrial sample, and secondly to quantitate the value of a hysteroscopy in determining endometrial sampling in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Hamou type II CO2 microhysteroscope (MH) was used to evaluate the endocervical canal and the uterine cavity, followed by endometrial sampling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-nine women were assessed using MH and endometrial biopsy. Histopathology results were available for diagnosis in 29 of them (74.3%). In the remaining ten patients, the MH diagnosis was atrophic endometrium. Biopsy results corroborated with MH in 86.2% (25/29) of the patients with tissue samples. The analysis (r) of this concordance rate was statistically significant (r = 0.96). Sample results for patients with MH determined pathological and normal endometrium corroborated in 83% and 91%, respectively, inclusive of three cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma. The sensitivity, specificity and predictive values for MH alone were 93.7%, 76.9% and 83.3%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These significant results are indicative that this simplified endoscopic method surpasses all blind hospital or office endometrial sampling methods. Therefore, we suggest that MH and endometrial sampling should be the initial assessment tool for any type of indication requiring endometrial and uterine cavity assessment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Hospital, Sapir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Altaras
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aviram
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Markov
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Beyth
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D004107:Dilatation and Curettage; D004717:Endometrium / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy