title: Multistep carcinogenesis and genital papillomavirus infection. Implications for diagnosis and vaccines.
abstract: Activated cellular oncogenes (myc and ras, for example) and inactivated anti-oncogenes (p53 or Rb) participate in multistep carcinogenesis. In addition, some high risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are also involved in uterine cervix carcinomas. Typification of HPV is important for clinical diagnosis. Unravelling the complexities of the immune system and understanding the biochemistry and molecular genetics of cellular oncogenes and tumor viruses have opened up new possibilities for vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Rangel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramírez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torroella
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pedroza
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ibarra
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gariglio
mesh_terms: D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology*; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines; D014765:Viral Vaccines