title: Lobar pneumonia: an occupational disease in welders.
abstract: We have used data from three analyses of occupational mortality for England and Wales to investigate a suspected hazard of pneumonia in welders. Mortality from the disease was consistently raised in welders aged 15-64, with standardised mortality ratios of 184 (95% CI 150-224) in 1959-63 and 157 (121-200) in 1970-72. Analysis of data for 1979-80 and 1982-90 showed that the increased risk is attributable mainly to an excess of pneumococcal and unspecified lobar pneumonia (proportional mortality ratio 255, 95% CI 192-332). No excess occurred in men above retirement age (65). A possible explanation of these findings is that welding fume reversibly increases the susceptibility of the lung to pneumonic infection. The observation of a similar mortality pattern in moulders and coremakers points to the metallic component of the fume as a possible culprit, but ozone or oxides of nitrogen could also be implicated. There are grounds for lobar pneumonia to be considered an occupational disease in welders.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council Environmental Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Coggon
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inskip
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pannett
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000401:mortality; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000401:mortality; D011018:Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D014852:Wales / Q000453:epidemiology; D014896:Welding