Novel fluorinated antiinflammatory steroid with reduced side effects: methyl 9 alpha-fluoroprednisolone-16-carboxylate.
In an effort to test the hypothesis that 9 alpha-fluorination of a steroidal antedrug would enhance receptor binding affinity and local antiinflammatory activity, without concomitantly increasing adverse systemic effects, a fluorinated analog, 10, of methyl 11 beta, 21-dihydroxy- 3,20-dioxo-1,4-pregnadiene-16 alpha-carboxylate (DP16CM, 1) was synthesized and evaluated. In the acute rat croton oil-induced ear edema bioassay, 10 was found to be twice as potent as 1. This increase in topical potency was consistent with enhanced binding affinity of 10, relative to 1. The IC50 values for displacement of [3H]dexamethasone from glucocorticoid receptors of rat hepatoma tissue culture cells were 0.16, 1.2, and 0.03 microM for 10, 1, and prednisolone, respectively. Following multiple topical ID50 applications of predniosolone, 1, and its new fluorinated analog, 10, in the rat subacute croton oil-induced ear edema bioassay, only prednisolone exhibited significant untoward effects, such as reduction in relative thymus and adrenal weights, plasma corticosterone levels, and normal body weight gain. Thus, while fluroination of 1 enhanced its topical potency, there was not a concomitant increase in untoward systemic effects. This lack of adverse systemic effects is ostensibly due to the presence of the metabolically labile 16-carboxylate ester moiety.
McLean
H M
HM
Center for Anti-inflammatory Research, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee 32307.
Khalil
M A
MA
Heiman
A S
AS
Lee
H J
HJ
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D001667:Binding, Competitive / Q000187:drug effects; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D003436:Croton Oil; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004431:Ear, External / Q000473:pathology; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D005477:Fluprednisolone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000378:metabolism; D014444:Tyrosine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; C088610:methyl 9-fluoroprednisolone-16-carboxylate; D003907:Dexamethasone; D003436:Croton Oil; D005477:Fluprednisolone; D014444:Tyrosine Transaminase