Free trade and occupational health policy: an argument for health and safety across the North American workplace.
This article considers the argument that the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) would encourage US and Canadian industry to relocate their hazardous manufacturing operations to Mexico. Proponents of this view believe that this industrial flight south would worsen working conditions in Mexico as well as lower occupational health and safety standards in the US and Canada. In evaluating this argument, the article examines working conditions in US-owned factories in the Mexican maquiladora zone, reviews the current occupational health and safety regulatory structure in Mexico, and considers those institutions established by the European Community to protect workers against the flight of hazardous industries. The article concludes that the harmonization of labor norms throughout North American and the establishment of a functional North American regulatory structure following the precedents set by the European Community are necessary steps to ensure that NAFTA does not produce the feared flight of hazardous industries to Mexico nor degrade the health of workers in Mexico, Canada, or the US.
McGuinness
M J
MJ
East Palo Alto Community Law Project, California.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000633:toxicity; D002170:Canada; D003132:Commerce; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control; D005062:European Union; D005260:Female; D015386:Hazardous Substances; D006256:Hazardous Waste; D006806:Human Rights; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D014481:United States; D014489:United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration
D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D015386:Hazardous Substances; D006256:Hazardous Waste