title: Alcohol and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase gene polymorphism and alcoholism.
abstract: Inherited variations in alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases, the principal enzymes of ethanol metabolism, have been implicated in determining susceptibility to alcoholism and alcohol-related organ damage. An association between an RFLP for the alcohol dehydrogenase-2 (ADH2) gene and alcohol-induced liver damage was demonstrated in a Caucasian population. Genotyping studies revealed an increase in the ADH3(2) allele in patients with alcohol-induced cirrhosis. PCR studies of the ALDH5 gene have demonstrated diverse polymorphism within a short segment of its coding region, with marked inter-racial variation in allele frequencies. In addition, the Caucasian alcohol-induced flushing reaction has been characterised and its relationship with phenotypic polymorphism of ALDH1 examined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King's College Hospital School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, U.K.
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Peters
mesh_terms: D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D000483:Alleles; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000201:enzymology; D017354:Point Mutation; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; C018699:aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)