title: Neurohumoral mechanism involved in augmentation of canine jejunal absorption following oral rehydration solutions.
abstract: Throughout the world diarrheal diseases kill over 5 million children annually. Oral rehydration therapy, initially using glucose-based solutions and more recently cereal-based solutions, prevents complications and death from dehydration. These experiments compared the effect of these two rehydration solutions and a mixed meal on jejunal water and ionic transport. Five dogs had 25-cm proximal jejunal Thiry-Vella fistulae constructed. Following recovery, jejunal absorption studies (N = 40) were performed using an isotonic electrolyte solution containing [14C]PEG to calculate net fluxes of water, sodium, and chloride. Each study consisted of a 1-hr basal period, followed by a 3-hr experimental period. Each animal was randomly studied in each of four study groups: control, mixed meal, glucose-based and cereal-based rehydration solution. In the mixed meal, glucose-based, and cereal-based solution groups there were significant increases (P < 0.0001) in jejunal Thiry-Vella fistula water and ion absorption following the stimuli, in the absence of direct luminal nutrient contact with the Thiry-Vella fistula. There were no differences between the observed responses to the glucose-based or cereal-based rehydration solutions. Glucose-based and cereal-based rehydration solutions were equally effective in stimulating jejunal absorption of water and electrolytes, but less effective than a mixed meal. Both food and oral rehydration solutions appear to increase jejunal absorption partially via a neurohumoral mechanism that is independent of luminal nutrient contact with the Thiry-Vella fistula.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bastidas
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zinner
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Yeo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D005402:Fistula; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007583:Jejunum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000502:physiology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D015532:Rehydration Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D015532:Rehydration Solutions; D014867:Water; D012964:Sodium