Quinapril hydrochloride effects on renal function in patients with renal dysfunction and hypertension: a drug-withdrawal study.
Patients with mild to moderate hypertension (diastolic blood pressure > or = 95 and < or = 115 mmHg) and renal dysfunction entered one of two studies to assess the safety of efficacious daily doses of quinapril on renal function and blood pressure. Twenty-four patients with moderate renal impairment (MRI) (creatinine clearance > 30 and < or = 60 ml/min) entered 24 weeks of open-label quinapril treatment; 31 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) (creatinine clearance < 30 ml/min) entered 16 weeks of open-label quinapril treatment. Patients with MRI initially received quinapril 5 mg once daily (qd) followed by titration to a maximum dosage of 40 mg/day (furosemide optional at 40 mg only). Patients with CRF initially received quinapril 2.5 mg qd and were titrated up to 20 mg/day (furosemide optional). Open-label quinapril treatment resulted in significant decreases in mean systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure. The 20 patients with MRI and the 28 with CRF who completed the open-label phase were then randomly assigned to continue active drug or to receive placebo in a 4-week, double-blind, drug-withdrawal phase. During the double-blind withdrawal phase, placebo-treated patients had significant increases in mean SBP and DBP from the end of open label. Creatinine clearance was essentially unchanged following open-label quinapril treatment or quinapril withdrawal. In conclusion, in patients with mild to moderate hypertension and renal dysfunction, quinapril in dosages of 5-40 mg qd for patients with MRI and 2.5 to 20 mg qd for patients with CRF significantly reduces blood pressure without adversely affecting renal function.
Miller
M A
MA
Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research, Division of Warner-Lambert Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105.
Texter
M
M
Gmerek
A
A
Robbins
J
J
Shurzinske
L
L
Canter
D
D
D000328:Adult; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006977:Hypertension, Renal / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos; D000077583:Quinapril; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D007546:Isoquinolines; D010919:Placebos; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines; D000077583:Quinapril