title: Self-administered Nicotine-Dependence Scale (SANDS): item selection, reliability estimation, and initial validation.
abstract: The Self-Administered Nicotine-Dependence Scale (SANDS) is a questionnaire to assist in the determination of the most appropriate intervention for the nicotine-dependent individual. Six content domains included are: (1) self-efficacy; (2) social skills deficit; (3) loss of control; (4) consequences of use; (5) social support for smoking; and (6) concern for healthy life-style. A preliminary set of 79 items was reduced to a 32-item scale, which, in turn, was divided into two non-overlapping subscales of 16 items each. Logistic regression analyses of an additional sample of subjects indicated that the SANDS added predictive power to knowledge of sex and transdermal-patch status for predictions of smoking status 6 months later.
authors.affiliation: Section of Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Hurt
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Offord
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Lauger
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Morse
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Bruce
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012647:Self-Assessment; D012919:Social Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology