title: Treatment of open angle glaucoma and ischemic retinopathy with dopamine antagonists.
abstract: Ocular blood flow in the retina, choroid and optic nerve head should be measured in addition to the intraocular pressure (IOP) in order to better diagnose glaucoma disease and to better evaluate the efficacy of antiglaucoma drugs. It was found that beta-adrenergic blockers, the most widely used antiglaucoma drugs, reduced ocular blood flow in animals and worsened glaucoma disease in some patients, even though the IOP was reduced to the normal range. Therefore, their use for glaucoma treatment requires careful re-evaluation. On the other hand, most dopamine antagonists were found to reduce the IOP and increase the blood flow to the retina, choroid, iris and ciliary muscle. Therefore, these agents could be used for glaucoma treatment. Further, dopamine antagonists were found to improve retinal function after ischemia and, thus, also could be used for the treatment of ischemic retinopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station.
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Chiou
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D007511:Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists