title: Prognosis for patients following a transient ischemic attack with and without a cerebral infarction on brain CT. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) Group.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although cerebral infarctions are commonly observed on brain CTs of patients with TIAs, their prognostic importance is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  The association between appropriately sited brain infarctions (ie, lesions located in the anterior circulation of the brain and ipsilateral to the symptomatic stenosed carotid artery) visualized on CT and the risk of subsequent stroke was assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression in 164 patients presenting with TIA (and no history of previous stroke) and severe angiographically defined carotid stenosis (70 to 99%) from the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with a TIA and CT-verified brain lesions were older and were more likely to have higher degrees of carotid stenosis and carotid plaque ulceration, a longer duration of symptoms, and a history of hypertension. With regard to prognosis, after adjusting for all known risk factors (patient characteristics) in a regression analysis, the presence of ischemic lesions observed on CT was not associated with an increased risk of ipsilateral stroke at 2 years (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.00; 95% CI: 0.39 to 2.58; p value = 0.99).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considered in combination with other patient characteristics, the mere presence of an appropriately sited cerebral infarction on CT does not alter the prognosis (risk of ipsilateral strokes) of severely stenosed patients with TIA. Therefore, there is no clinical rationale in differentiating patients with TIA on the basis of CT findings alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eliasziw
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Streifler
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Spence
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: V C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Hachinski
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Barnett
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed