title: HIV-1 antibody serum negativity with urine positivity.
abstract: 7 individuals who were negative for HIV-1 antibody in a licensed serum enzyme immunoassay (EIA) were positive in a urine EIA and western blot (WB). Follow-up in individuals by use of a cell-mediated immune response showed 1 positive and 1 negative for HIV-1 peptide reactivity. In a second study, 4 out of 5 subjects positive by urine EIA and indeterminate or negative by serum WB were HIV-1 peptide positive in the cell-mediated immune test. Comparison of cell-mediated responses with urine antibody responses may help to resolve discrepant HIV-1 results.
authors.affiliation: Calypte Biomedical Corporation, Berkeley, CA 94710.
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Urnovitz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clerici
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Shearer
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Gottfried
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Robison
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Lutwick
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Montagnier
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Landers
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000652:urine*; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies