title: Interferon gamma administration increases monocyte HLA-DR antigen expression but not endogenous interferon production.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of the adjuvant administration of interferon gamma on monocyte HLA-DR antigen expression and mitogen-stimulated interferon gamma production following injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  University Hospital, Newark, NJ, a level I trauma center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Persons older than 16 years with an Injury Severity Score greater than 20 and documented bacterial contamination at the time of injury (N = 98).
  
  
  METHODS
  Recombinant human interferon gamma (n = 46; 0.1 mg subcutaneously) or placebo (n = 52) was given for 10 days following injury.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incidence of major infection, monocyte and lymphocyte cell surface antigen expression, and interferon gamma production at multiple time points following injury.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peripheral monocyte HLA-DR was measured as percent of cells staining positive and as mean channel fluorescence. Both values were significantly increased in the interferon gamma group compared with the placebo group on days 3, 5, 8, and 11. The incidence of major infection was unaffected by interferon gamma administration. Infection decreased percent of HLA-DR-positive monocytes and mean channel fluorescence as compared with noninfected patients on postinjury days 8 and 11 in the placebo group but not in the interferon gamma group. Interferon gamma production improved from 3 +/- 3 U/mL on day 1 to 15 +/- 10 U/mL by day 30 but was always significantly lower than normal (25 +/- 3 [mean +/- SD] U/mL). Interferon gamma production was unaffected by either infection or interferon gamma administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interferon gamma administration after injury stimulated monocyte HLA-DR antigen expression and density but failed to improve interferon gamma production, a T-cell-mediated function. The incidence of infection was not decreased by the administration of interferon gamma for 10 days. Improvement in monocyte HLA-DR antigen expression did not correlate with a global restoration of immune function, and other interventions will be necessary to decrease infection after injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, UMD-New Jersey Medical School, Newark.
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Livingston
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Loder
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: U E
authors.initials: UE
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Polk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008934:Mitogens / Q000009:adverse effects; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D010919:Placebos; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008934:Mitogens; D010919:Placebos; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma