title: Apolipoprotein D gene polymorphism: a new genetic marker for type 2 diabetic subjects in Nauru and south India.
abstract: Type 2 diabetes is characterized by abnormalities in both glucose and lipoprotein metabolism and genes involved in lipid metabolism are legitimate candidates for involvement in Type 2 diabetes. We have previously reported an association in Nauruans between a Taq 1 polymorphism of the apolipoprotein D gene (apo D) and Type 2 diabetes. In this study these findings were investigated further in the Nauruan population as well as two other ethnic groups. In South Indian subjects, there was a significant difference in genotype distribution of apo D genotypes between diabetic subjects (n = 110) and controls (n = 88; p = 0.004) which was similar to that previously found in the Nauruan subjects. No such association was seen in elderly Finnish subjects (diabetic n = 69; impaired glucose tolerance n = 26 and normal glucose tolerance n = 31). Linkage between the apo D polymorphism and diabetes in 12 Nauruan families was only excluded under a highly penetrant dominant model and was unlikely under other single gene models. Since the beta cell glucose transporter gene (Glut 2) is found in a similar chromosomal location to apo D, South Indian subjects (diabetic n = 95 and controls n = 56) were typed at this locus. No association between diabetes and the Glut 2 Taq I polymorphism was found in the South Indian subjects. Furthermore, there was no evidence of linkage disequilibrium between the apo D and Glut 2 genes. In conclusion, apo D might act as a modifying gene for Type 2 diabetes in some ethnic groups.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Sciences, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australia.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Hitman
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hawrami
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riikonen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tuomilehto-Wolf
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nissinen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tuomilehto
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Viswanathan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D053399:Apolipoproteins D; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005819:Genetic Markers; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008849:Micronesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D001053:Apolipoproteins; D053399:Apolipoproteins D; D005819:Genetic Markers; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins