title: Inhibitory effects of somatostatin analogue RC-160 and bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide antagonist RC-3095 on the growth of the androgen-independent Dunning R-3327-AT-1 rat prostate cancer.
abstract: The effects of somatostatin analogue RC-160 and bombesin/gastrin releasing-peptide (GRP) antagonist RC-3095 were evaluated in Copenhagen rats bearing the anaplastic, androgen-independent Dunning R3327-AT-1 prostatic adenocarcinoma. In the first experiment, RC-160 was given in the form of microcapsules releasing 60 micrograms/day/rat. RC-3095 was administered from implanted Alzet osmotic minipumps liberating 100 micrograms/day/rat. After 32 days, tumor volumes and weights were significantly reduced by RC-160 as compared with the control group. Tumor doubling time in rats treated with RC-160 was significantly longer than in controls. Bombesin/GRP antagonist RC-3095 also significantly reduced tumor volume after 7 days of treatment, but after 18 days the inhibition in tumor volume was no longer significant. Tumor growth was not suppressed by castration. In the second experiment, 3-mm3 fragments of Dunning R-3327-AT-1 tumor were implanted orthotopically into the prostates of Copenhagen rats in order to evaluate the survival time of animals bearing this cancer during treatment with RC-160 released from Alzet osmotic minipumps at a dose of 100 micrograms/day/rat. Treatment with RC-160 significantly (P < 0.05) prolonged the mean survival time of rats by 5.3 days as compared to control animals. In both experiments, therapy with RC-160 significantly decreased serum growth hormone or insulin-like growth factor I levels. In the first experiment, receptor assays on R-3327-AT-1 tumor membranes showed high affinity binding sites for somatostatin, bombesin, and epidermal growth factor. At the end of the treatment, receptors for epidermal growth factor were significantly down-regulated by treatment with RC-160 but not with RC-3095. The binding capacity of bombesin receptors was reduced to nondetectable levels after the treatment with RC-3095. In cell cultures, high affinity binding sites for bombesin/GRP were found on intact Dunning R-3327-AT-1 cells, but receptors for somatostatin could not be detected. Proliferation of the AT-1 cell line was significantly inhibited by antagonist RC-3095. However, no effect on tumor cell growth in vitro was observed with analogue RC-160. Our results demonstrate that somatostatin analogue RC-160 and bombesin/GRP antagonist RC-3095 can inhibit the growth of the androgen-independent Dunning R-3327-AT-1 prostatic cancer in rats, although the remission produced by RC-3095 may be of short duration due to a down-regulation of bombesin receptors. Our work suggests the merit of further investigation as to whether these analogues can induce a possible delay in relapse and prolong survival in prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine, Polypeptide and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70146.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pinski
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reile
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Halmos
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Groot
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Schally
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001839:Bombesin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002369:Castration; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D005755:Gastrins / Q000097:blood; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005755:Gastrins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C071363:bombesin (6-14), Tpi(6)-Leu(13)-psi(CH2NH)-Leu(14)-; C051458:vapreotide; D013004:Somatostatin; D013006:Growth Hormone; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D001839:Bombesin