title: The acute effects of cocaine on anterior pituitary hormones in ovariectomized rhesus monkeys.
abstract: Cocaine stimulates a rapid release of gonadotropins in intact rhesus males and females and human males and enhances synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). This report describes the effects of acute cocaine administration on basal and synthetic LHRH-stimulated anterior pituitary hormones [LH, FSH and prolactin (PRL)] in five ovariectomized female rhesus monkeys. Integrated blood samples were collected every 10 min for 40 min before i.v. administration of cocaine (0.4 or 0.8 mg/kg) or an equal volume of vehicle control solution and for 110 min after cocaine or placebo administration. Synthetic LHRH (100 micrograms i.v.) was administered 10 min after cocaine or placebo-cocaine injection. In contrast to previous observations in rhesus and human males and in early follicular and midluteal phase rhesus females, cocaine did not change basal levels of gonadotropins or PRL in long-term ovariectomized females. LHRH stimulated a significant and sustained increase in LH (P < .01) within 20 min and FSH (P < .05) within 40 min after placebo-cocaine administration. LHRH also stimulated significant increases in LH and FSH after 0.4 and 0.8 mg/kg cocaine administration. Significant increases in LH (P < .05) and FSH (P < .01) were measured 10 min sooner after 0.8 mg/kg cocaine than after placebo-cocaine, but cocaine did not significantly increase the magnitude or duration of LHRH-stimulated increases in gonadotropins in ovariectomized females as it did in follicular phase females. Basal PRL levels (3.6 +/- 0.2 and 5.5 +/- 0.7 ng/ml) did not change after administration of cocaine alone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Center, McLean Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Mello
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sarnyai
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Mendelson
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Drieze
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kelly
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003042:Cocaine / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D011388:Prolactin; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D003042:Cocaine