title: Effects of apomorphine and L-methionine sulphoximine on the release of excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters and glutamine in the striatum of the conscious rat.
abstract: The effects of apomorphine, a D1-, D2-dopamine receptor agonist, on the extracellular concentrations of excitatory amino acids, glutamic and aspartic acids, and on that of their precursor, glutamine, were investigated using an intracerebral perfusion system. Apomorphine produced a concentration-related rise in glutamic acid concentration in cerebral perfusates (P < 0.01) whereas only the highest concentration of apomorphine (3 x 10(-3) micrograms/microliters) increased the concentration of aspartic acid (P < 0.05). These effects were seen in the sample taken at the same time as the apomorphine injection. The rise in glutamine concentration (P < 0.01) produced by apomorphine continued for 10 min beyond perfusion with apomorphine. These effects were attenuated by previous injections of D1-, D2-dopamine receptor blocker. To investigate further the release of glutamine, the glutamine synthetase inhibitor L-methionine sulphoximine (MSO) was injected intracerebrally before apomorphine perfusion. After MSO pre-injection, the extracellular concentration of glutamine decreased (P < 0.01) to near zero concentrations. In MSO-treated animals, apomorphine did not induce the release of glutamic acid, aspartic acid or glutamine. These results indicate a role for dopamine in the release of excitatory amino acids and glutamine in the neostriatum of the rat. A possible volumetric interaction between dopamine and glutamic acid as well as the hypothesis of a striato-pallido-thalamo-cortico-striatal feedback loop are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Exposito
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sanz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Porras
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mora
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001058:Apomorphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005971:Glutamates / Q000378:metabolism*; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008717:Methionine Sulfoximine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005971:Glutamates; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D005973:Glutamine; D008717:Methionine Sulfoximine; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D006220:Haloperidol; D001058:Apomorphine