title: Influence of mutation in human apolipoprotein A-1 gene promoter on plasma LDL cholesterol response to dietary fat.
abstract: The plasma lipid response to changes in dietary fat and cholesterol can vary between individuals. At present, responders cannot be identified in advance. An adenine to guanine (A-->G) mutation in the promoter of the apolipoprotein A1 gene (apoA-1) has been suggested as affecting plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In 50 young men we examined the effect of the same mutation on the responses of both high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol to low-fat diet. The frequency for the A allele was 0.14. Subjects were fed a low-fat diet for 25 days, followed by a diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA, 22% out of 40% fat) for 28 days and lipoproteins were measured at the end of each diet. There were no differences in initial total cholesterol between subjects with the G/G mutation (170 mg/dL: 100 mg/dL = 2.59 mmol/L) and the G/A mutation (169 mg/dL) genotypes. After consumption of the high monounsaturated fat diet, significant increases were noted in plasma LDL cholesterol (10 mg/dL, p = 0.035) in the G/A subjects but not in the G/G subjects (1 mg/dL, p = 0.996). These differences showed that a significant diet-gene interaction (p = 0.015) existed. No differences were observed on HDL cholesterol between groups. Plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol responsiveness to diet may be explained by variation at the apoA-I gene locus.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lopez-Miranda
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ordovas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Espino
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salas
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lopez-Segura
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jimenez-Pereperez
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Perez-Jimenez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D017931:DNA Primers; D004041:Dietary Fats