Cyclic ADP-ribose: a calcium mobilizing metabolite of NAD+.
Mobilization of Ca+2 from intracellular stores is a signalling mechanism that is of fundamental importance to many cellular processes. It is mediated by two major mechanisms, the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate pathway and the Ca+2-induced Ca+2 release process. A naturally occurring metabolite of NAD+ called cyclic ADP-ribose has been discovered recently and shown to be as effective as inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate in mobilizing Ca+2 stores in sea urchin eggs, a marine invertebrate cell, as well as several mammalian cells. This article reviews the accumulating evidence that indicates cyclic ADP-ribose may function as a physiological regulator of the Ca+2-induced Ca+2 release process and the current knowledge about its receptor as well as the enzymes involved in its metabolism.
Lee
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Department of Physiology, Lyon Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D036563:Cyclic ADP-Ribose; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism
D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C067025:cyclic ADP-ribose receptor; D009243:NAD; D036563:Cyclic ADP-Ribose; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; C498154:CD38 protein, human; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1; D002118:Calcium