title: The hypotonic effect of intranasal and intravenous glucagon in gastrointestinal radiology.
abstract: In the present study, following a double-blind, double placebo protocol vs. placebo, we compared the hypotonic effect of intranasal and intravenous glucagon during a double-contrast barium meal examination of the stomach. We found a statistically significant difference between placebo and intranasal or intravenous glucagon in inducing gastric hypomotility, with no significant differences between IN and IV glucagon. The intranasal administration of glucagon has the advantage of being noninvasive and well tolerated by the patients, and might be a valuable aid in upper gastrointestinal examination as well as in CT scan or magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen.
authors.affiliation: Clinica Medica, Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pacchioni
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Orena
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Panizza
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cucchi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Maschio
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Pontiroli
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D001466:Barium Sulfate; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D005934:Glucagon / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D011859:Radiography; D013270:Stomach / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D001466:Barium Sulfate; D005934:Glucagon