Peptide receptors in astroglia: focus on angiotensin II and atrial natriuretic peptide.
Astroglial cells derived from the mammalian central nervous system contain a wide variety of peptide receptors, including specific sites for angiotensin II (AII) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). The AII receptors present in these cells are primarily of the AT1 subtype. The ANP receptors present in these cells consist of a mix of ANP-A and ANP-B sites ("biological receptors") and also ANP-C sites ("clearance receptors"). Available evidence indicates that activation of AII receptors results in a stimulation of astroglial proliferation, whereas ANP has an antiproliferative effect in these cells. Intracellular pathways which may mediate these effects of AII and ANP on cell proliferation are discussed, including the presentation of novel data on the activation of protein kinase C and of glucose uptake by AII. We also consider the possibility that the opposing actions of AII and ANP on astroglial proliferation may represent another facet of the mutual antagonism between these two peptides, which has been observed throughout mammalian systems.
Sumners
C
C
Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
Tang
W
W
Paulding
W
W
Raizada
M K
MK
D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology; D002455:Cell Division; D004336:Drug Antagonism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000804:Angiotensin II; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D005947:Glucose