title: Treatment of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a retrospective study of the results in a surgical clinic.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review our results of the treatment of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding since 1990.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  District hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  226 patients who presented with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding between January 1990 and April 1992.
  
  
  METHODS
  Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and, in 15 cases, emergency laparotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Morbidity and mortality, and the incidence of emergency operations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 5 deaths (4%) and 11 emergency operations (10%) in 1990, compared with one death (1%) and 4 operations (4%) during the subsequent 16 months. Duration of hospital stay was reduced from a mean of 7 days to a mean of 6 days and the amount of blood transfused from a mean of 3.4 units to a mean of 2.4 (p < 0.02) over the same period. 149 patients (66%) were over the age of 65 years, 82 (36%) were taking potentially dangerous drugs, and 129 (57%) had serious coexistent diseases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the natural history of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding may be changing, and that our "one team" approach comprising immediate resuscitation, urgent endoscopy, emergency operation when indicated, and intensive nursing, is responsible for the improvement in our results over the period of time studied.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University Medical Center, Department of Surgery, California 94305.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Wiboltt
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Petersson
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome