title: Adverse reactions to intravenous N-acetylcysteine in Chinese patients with paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning.
abstract: The incidence of adverse reactions to intravenous N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was studied in 56 Chinese patients with paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning. Eight (14%) patients developed a skin rash (n = 7) or fever (n = 1) mostly during the initial high dose infusion of the antidote. In four subjects (three with toxic plasma paracetamol levels), the infusion was continued without a worsening of the adverse reaction. NAC was discontinued in the remaining four subjects in whom the paracetamol levels were subsequently found to be non-toxic. Intravenous chlorpheniramine was given to six subjects. All eight subjects completely recovered. In the dose that is recommended for the treatment of acute paracetamol poisoning, intravenous NAC is generally safe in Chinese but mild side effects are common. We recommend that the initial loading dose is given over 60 rather than 15 min.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories.
authors.forename: T Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Critchley
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000097:blood / Q000506:poisoning*; D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D002744:Chlorpheniramine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000082:Acetaminophen; D002744:Chlorpheniramine; D000111:Acetylcysteine