title: Magnetically induced muscle contraction is caused by motor nerve stimulation and not by direct muscle activation.
abstract: When magnetically stimulating peripheral nerves, a local cocontraction of muscle under the coil is observed. We assessed whether this contraction results from: (1) magnetic stimulation of motor nerves, or (2) direct depolarization of the muscle membrane. Wrist extensor muscles of normal subjects were magnetically stimulated with the coil placed directly above the muscle. Neuromuscular transmission was then blocked by atracurium using a technique of local curarization. As a reference, the radial nerve was stimulated electrically. Magnetic and electrical stimuli were applied alternatingly every 10 s. Twitch force of wrist extension was measured isometrically over a period of about 70 min including the phase of complete neuromuscular block. Twitch amplitudes elicited by magnetic and electrical stimuli were equivalent during the whole experiment. These results suggest that muscle cocontraction following magnetic stimulation results from depolarization of terminal motor nerve branches.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Technical University München, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Machetanz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bischoff
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pichlmeier
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Riescher
authors.forename: B U
authors.initials: BU
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sader
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Conrad
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D001279:Atracurium / Q000494:pharmacology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D008280:Magnetics; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D009132:Muscles / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D012016:Reference Values; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001279:Atracurium