title: Effects of somatostatin analogue RC-160 and bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide antagonists on the growth of human small-cell and non-small-cell lung carcinomas in nude mice.
abstract: We investigated the effects of our synthetic bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) antagonists and somatostatin analogue RC-160 on the growth of human small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung carcinoma (non-SCLC) lines in nude mice. Athymic nude mice bearing xenografts of the SCLC NCl-H69 line or non-SCLC NCl-H157 line were treated for 5 and 4 weeks, respectively, with somatostatin analogue RC-160 or various bombesin/GRP antagonists. RC-160, administered s.c. peritumorally at a dose of 100 micrograms per animal per day, inhibited the growth of H69 SCLC xenografts as shown by more than 70% reduction in tumour volumes and weights, as compared with the control group. Bombesin/GRP antagonists, RC-3440, RC-3095 and RC-3950-II, given s.c. peritumorally at a dose of 20 micrograms per animal per day, also inhibited the growth of H69 SCLC tumours. RC-3950-II had the greatest inhibitory effect and decreased tumour volume and weights by more than 80%. The growth of H-157 non-SCLC xenografts was significantly reduced by treatment with RC-160, but not with bombesin/GRP antagonist RC-3095. In mice bearing either tumour model, administration of RC-160 significantly decreased serum growth hormone and gastrin levels. Specific high-affinity receptors for bombesin and somatostatin were found on membranes of SCLC H69 tumours, but not on non-SCLC H157 tumours. Receptor analyses demonstrated high-affinity binding sites for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) on the membranes of H69 and H157 tumours. EGF receptors were down-regulated on H69 tumours after treatment with RC-160 and bombesin/GRP antagonists. The concentration of binding sites for EGF and IGF-I on the H157 tumours was decreased after treatment with RC-160, but bombesin/GRP antagonist RC-3095 had no effect. These results demonstrate that bombesin/GRP antagonists inhibit the growth of H-69 SCLC, but not of H-157 non-SCLC xenografts in nude mice, whereas somatostatin analogue RC-160 is effective in both tumour models. This raises the possibility that these peptide analogues could be used selectively in the treatment of various subclasses of lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine, Polypeptide and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pinski
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Schally
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Halmos
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Szepeshazi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Groot
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: O'Byrne
authors.forename: R Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001665:Binding Sites; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001839:Bombesin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D019886:Gastrin-Releasing Peptide; D005755:Gastrins / Q000097:blood; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D010455:Peptides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin / Q000032:analysis; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005755:Gastrins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010455:Peptides; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin; C071363:bombesin (6-14), Tpi(6)-Leu(13)-psi(CH2NH)-Leu(14)-; C051458:vapreotide; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D013004:Somatostatin; D019886:Gastrin-Releasing Peptide; D013006:Growth Hormone; C062876:cetrorelix; D001839:Bombesin