title: Glycothiohexides, novel antibiotics produced by "Sebekia" sp. LL-14E605. I. Taxonomy, fermentation and biological evaluation.
abstract: The new glycothiohexide antibiotics, which are related to nosiheptide, were identified in fermentations of an actinomycete belonging to the genus "Sebekia". Strain LL-14E605 was classified as a "Sebekia" based on the presence of both mesodiaminopimelic acid and madurose in the cell wall and the presence of pseudosporangia encasing the spores. Culture LL-14E605 was successfully fermented in 10 to 3,000 liters of a complex medium. Antibiotic activity closely followed cell mass accumulation and usually peaked after 4 to 5 days of incubation. Glycothiohexide alpha demonstrated excellent in vitro activity against Gram-positive bacteria with MICs of 0.03 to 0.06 microgram/ml against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis. However, glycothiohexide alpha failed to protect mice against a lethal challenge with Staphylococcus aureus Smith unless it was administered prior to challenge.
authors.affiliation: Natural Products Research Section, American Cyanamid Company, Pearl River, New York.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Bernan
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Montenegro
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Abbanat
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Pearce
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Korshalla
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Jacobus
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mroczenski-Wildey
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Maiese
mesh_terms: D000192:Actinomycetales / Q000145:classification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005285:Fermentation; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010455:Peptides
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010455:Peptides; C089609:glycothiohexide alpha