title: Characterization of the minimal elements of the hepatitis B virus large surface antigen promoter.
abstract: It has been demonstrated that the hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 (HNF1) binding site is critical for the majority of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) large surface antigen promoter activity in differentiated hepatoma cell lines. Examination of a series of clustered point mutations in the minimal large surface antigen promoter demonstrated that the HNF1 and TATA box binding sites are the major regulatory elements required for transcription from this promoter. Synthetic promoter constructs containing the large surface antigen promoter HNF1 binding site and TATA box element upstream of the luciferase open reading frame were tested for their transcriptional activities in HepG2. 1 cells in the absence or presence of an HNF1 expression vector. These synthetic promoter constructs displayed a similar level of transcriptional activity and induction by HNF1 in comparison with the full-length large surface antigen promoter, suggesting that additional HBV sequences are dispensable for full transcriptional activity. The distance between the HNF1 binding site and TATA box element in the synthetic promoter constructs appeared to influence the transcriptional activity modestly and in a periodic manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Raney
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Easton
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McLachlan
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051537:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1; D051538:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha; D051539:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-beta; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C496487:HNF1A protein, human; C496495:HNF1B protein, human; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D051538:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051537:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1; D051539:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-beta; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I