title: N-butyldeoxygalactonojirimycin inhibits glycolipid biosynthesis but does not affect N-linked oligosaccharide processing.
abstract: We have previously reported that the imino sugar N-butyldeoxynojirimycin (NB-DNJ) inhibits glycolipid biosynthesis, in addition to its known activity as an inhibitor of the N-linked oligosaccharide processing enzyme alpha-glucosidase I. In an attempt to dissociate these two activities and identify an inhibitor which was more selective for the glycolipid biosynthetic pathway, several imino sugars have been N-alkylated and tested for inhibitory activity. The galactose analogue N-butyldeoxygalactonojirimycin (NB-DGJ) was found to be a potent inhibitor of glycolipid biosynthesis but in contrast to NB-DNJ had no effect on the maturation of N-linked oligosaccharides or on lysosomal glucocerebrosidase. The effect of increasing N-alkyl chain length on glycolipid inhibition was investigated. Nonalkylated DGJ, the N-methyl and N-ethyl derivatives, were noninhibitory. However, N-propylation resulted in partial inhibition while the N-butyl and N-hexyl derivatives resulted in maximal inhibition. Increasing alkyl chain length also resulted in increased potency of glucosyltransferase inhibition. In an in vitro Gaucher's disease model NB-DGJ was as effective as NB-DNJ in preventing glycolipid storage and may represent a more selective potential therapeutic agent than NB-DNJ for the management of this and other glycosphingolipidoses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Platt
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Neises
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Dwek
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Butters
mesh_terms: D017485:1-Deoxynojirimycin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005776:Gaucher Disease / Q000378:metabolism; D005962:Glucosylceramidase / Q000187:drug effects; D005964:Glucosyltransferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D006017:Glycolipids; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D017485:1-Deoxynojirimycin; C059896:miglustat; C090092:migalastat; D005964:Glucosyltransferases; C023246:ceramide glucosyltransferase; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases; D005962:Glucosylceramidase