title: Multistep mechanism of polarized Ca2+ wave patterns in hepatocytes.
abstract: The spatial organization of cytosolic Ca2+ (Ca2+i) signals is thought to be important for regulation of cell function. In epithelial cells, the involvement of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-mediated Ca2+ release in evoking Ca2+i signals is appreciated, but the location of IP3-sensitive Ca2+ stores and the role of Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) for Ca2+ signaling are less defined. Here, we demonstrate that IP3 receptors are localized to the apical region in hepatocytes. We also show that hormone-induced Ca2+i waves propagate across the cell at a rate that depends on mobilization of Ca2+ stores that are sensitive to caffeine, ryanodine, and dantrolene, and that these agents, at concentrations that inhibit CICR, decrease the magnitude of Ca2+i signals. Furthermore, Ca2+i wave speed is not reduced in Ca(2+)-free medium. These findings suggest that Ca2+i signals in epithelial cells begin as apical-to-basal Ca2+i waves that result from sequential release of Ca2+, first from IP3-sensitive stores in the apex and then from Ca(2+)-sensitive stores distributed across the remainder of the cell.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Nathanson
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Burgstahler
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Fallon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D016764:Cell Polarity; D003620:Dantrolene / Q000494:pharmacology; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009991:Oscillometry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D012433:Ryanodine; D002110:Caffeine; D003620:Dantrolene; D002118:Calcium