title: Recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) activate human alveolar macrophages to inhibit growth of Mycobacterium avium complex.
abstract: We investigated the effects of certain macrophage-active cytokines on the phagocytosis and growth inhibition of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) by human alveolar macrophages (AM). We also evaluated the effects of pretreatment with each cytokine on the superoxide anion release (O2-) from AM. The cytokines that we used were recombinant GM-CSF, natural type TNF-alpha, recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and recombinant IL-2. We found that phagocytosis by the various cytokine-stimulated AM was similar to that of unstimulated AM. On the other hand, significant growth inhibition of MAC was observed in the macrophages treated with GM-CSF or TNF-alpha, while no growth inhibition of MAC was observed in the macrophages treated with IFN-gamma or IL-2. Pretreatment with all cytokines tested enhanced the O2- release from AM, but there was no correlation between the enhancement of O2- release and the growth inhibition of MAC. Thus, we concluded that GM-CSF or TNF-alpha could activate AM to inhibit growth of MAC, probably not through the enhanced production of reactive oxygen intermediates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection and Inflammation, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murayama
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amitani
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kuze
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000502:physiology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000502:physiology; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000276:immunology; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015269:Mycobacterium avium Complex / Q000254:growth & development*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor