title: On the mechanisms of cell uncoupling induced by a tumor promoter phorbol ester in clone 9 cells, a rat liver epithelial cell line.
abstract: It is known that in Clone 9 (C9) cells, intercellular gap junctional communication (IGJC) is rapidly blocked by the tumor promoter phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), but it recovers spontaneously a few hours later and becomes refractory to TPA (Yada et al., J. Membr. Biol. 88, 217-232 (1985)). We now report that gap junctions between C9 cells contain at least two junctional proteins, connexin26 (Cx26) and connexin43 (Cx43), and that the TPA-induced changes in IGJC correlate temporally to changes in the state of phosphorylation of Cx43. The latter changes were prevented by inhibition of protein kinase C. Phosphoamino acid analysis and two-dimensional tryptic peptide maps of 32P-labeled Cx43 showed that during the TPA-induced phosphorylation at least two of the phosphorylated forms of Cx43 were differentially phosphorylated in seryl residues as compared to control. TPA induced a drastic reduction in junctional conductance as well as a redistribution of unitary gap junction channel event sizes seen in control cells. These changes were associated with retrieval of Cxs from the plasma membrane. Reappearance of gap junctions formed by Cx43 but not by Cx26 accounted for the spontaneous recovery in IGJC. It is proposed that gap junctions between C9 cells contain two types of channels each formed by Cx43 or Cx26 and that they are differentially affected during the action of TPA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Berthoud
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Rook
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Traub
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Hertzberg
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Sáez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D000072259:Connexin 26; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000032:analysis; D017630:Connexins / Q000032:analysis; D004847:Epithelial Cells; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D017629:Gap Junctions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007365:Intercellular Junctions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D018031:Connexin 43; D017630:Connexins; C000607044:Gjb2 protein, rat; D010710:Phosphates; D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D000072259:Connexin 26; D011494:Protein Kinases; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate