title: Glutamatergic regulation of [3H]-noradrenaline release in the medulla oblongata of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess in vitro the role of glutamate receptors in the regulation of noradrenaline release from the medulla oblongata of normotensive and hypertensive rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of L-glutamate (an endogenous ligand for glutamate receptors), glycine (an allosteric agonist for the N-methyl-D-aspartate type of glutamate receptors) and MK-801 (an antagonist for N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors) on [3H]-noradrenaline release were examined in slices of rat medulla oblongata.
  
  
  RESULTS
  L-Glutamate elicited [3H]-noradrenaline release from slices of rat medulla oblongata in magnesium-free medium. Glycine also increased the release of noradrenaline. Moreover, the effect of L-glutamate on noradrenaline release was significantly potentiated by glycine. MK-801 inhibited the increase in noradrenaline release evoked by L-glutamate. In spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) the facilitatory effect of L-glutamate on noradrenaline release was significantly more pronounced than in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Furthermore, glycine alone and in combination with L-glutamate increased the noradrenaline release to a greater extent in SHR than in WKY rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results show that the excitatory amino acids might increase noradrenaline release from rat medulla oblongata, which was partially dependent on the N-methyl-D-aspartate type of glutamate receptors. The greater effect of L-glutamate and glycine in SHR suggests that these amino acids might be involved in the regulation of noradrenaline release in the medulla oblongata of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical College, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Masuyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000502:physiology*; D005998:Glycine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000378:metabolism*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012016:Reference Values; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D014316:Tritium; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D005998:Glycine; D009638:Norepinephrine