title: Effects of irradiation doses on alterations in cytokine release by monocytes and lymphocytes.
abstract: We evaluated the effect of increasing doses of gamma-irradiation on the release of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) from lymphocytes, and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) from monocytes. The most radiosensitive populations were the T lymphocytes which release IL-4 and IFN-gamma after irradiation alone. This release increased when the cells were activated by polyclonal activators such as Concanavalin A (Con A). Monocytes irradiated and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) released TNF-alpha with values near those of the control cells. Con A produced no effect. The release of IL-1 beta decreased as the irradiation dose was increased, while stimulation with LPS and Con A caused a greater IL-1 beta increase after small irradiation doses. The results obtained show that minimum doses of irradiation can induce significant alterations in an amplified and unbalanced immunologic response through release of cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, First Medical School, University of Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galdiero
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cipollaro de l'Ero
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Folgore
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cappello
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giobbe
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Sasso
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000528:radiation effects; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003208:Concanavalin A