title: Metabolic evaluation of a 75% lipid/25% glucose high nitrogen solution for intravenous nutrition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the metabolic response to a 75% lipid/25% glucose regimen of intravenous feeding with that of a regimen of isocaloric isonitrogenous glucose alone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised crossover study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University department of surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  14 Patients (of 18 consecutive) who did not develop infections after major upper gastrointestinal operations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients received five days of each of two regimens, both of which provided 0.38 g nitrogen and 0.155 MJ (37 kcal)/kg/day.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nitrogen balance, prealbumin and transferrin concentrations, and basal efflux of amino acids from the lower limb before and after a five day course of each regimen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean (SD) nitrogen balance increased from -11.4 (2.6) g/day to 1.7 (4.1) and 1.6 (5.5) g/day after lipid/glucose and glucose alone, respectively (p < 0.0001). Basal prealbumin and transferrin concentrations increased after both regimens, but significantly so only after lipid/glucose (p < 0.01 and < 0.02, respectively). Mean (SD) net basal efflux of total amino acids from the lower limb was significantly reduced after both regimens, (p < 0.0001 in each case). Net basal alanine efflux was significantly reduced only by glucose alone, and basal glutamine efflux only by lipid/glucose (p < 0.05 in each case). Plasma free fatty acids were increased only by glucose alone (p < 0.001), and glucose alone augmented tissue uptake of glucose significantly more than lipid/glucose (p < 0.01 and < 0.05, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The solution high in lipids and nitrogen was well tolerated. There was no difference in improvements in nitrogen balance or amino acid flux across the lower limb, but lipid/glucose was associated with higher increases in visceral protein concentrations.
authors.affiliation: University of Sydney Department of Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital of Sydney, St Leonards NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kohlhardt
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kee
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000378:metabolism*; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total / Q000379:methods*; D011184:Postoperative Period
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D009584:Nitrogen