title: Intermuscular bupivacaine infusion for control of pain after renal surgery: a preliminary report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the value of continuous bupivacaine wound infusion for post-operative pain relief after renal surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The analgesic efficacy of continuous intermuscular wound infusion with 0.25% bupivacaine was studied in 10 patients (four men, six women), with a mean age of 47.5 years (range 25-71) and a mean weight of 71.2 kg (range 44-99), after renal surgery in a single-blind randomized trial. The results were compared with those of an age- and weight-matched control group of 10 patients (five men, five women) with a mean age of 47.7 years (range 27-73) and a mean weight of 67.3 kg (range 51-85). Post-operative pain was studied objectively by assessing individual patient's morphine requirements administered via a patient controlled analgesia system, and subjectively with pain scores. Patient mobility was assessed by ward nursing staff using mobility score charts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a lower demand for post-operative analgesia in the bupivacaine group compared with the control. Although there was no significant difference in the pain scores between the two groups, the bupivacaine group was significantly more mobile than the control group after surgery. There was no significant difference in the mean post-operative hospital stay between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Continuous intermuscular bupivacaine wound infusion is a simple and safe procedure which lowers the patients' post-operative analgesic requirements, allows for earlier mobility and may promote more rapid discharge from hospital.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, UK.
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bowman
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Payne
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D007668:Kidney / Q000601:surgery*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D002045:Bupivacaine