title: An anatomical analysis of Aikido's third teaching: an investigation of Sankyo.
abstract: Sankyo, one of Aikido's strongest martial art techniques for peacefully subduing an attacker, produces pain in the hand, wrist, and forearm. Specific target muscles, tendons, and ligaments are identified through an investigation of Sankyo's expert application to two anatomists and a male cadaver.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman 59717.
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Seitz
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guldbrandsen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004550:Elbow / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000294:innervation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016139:Martial Arts / Q000502:physiology*; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000502:physiology; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology; D014953:Wrist / Q000294:innervation