title: Neurobiological factors in aggressive behavior.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The author's aim was to review literature in the neurosciences and psychiatric clinical research reports about biological factors in aggression and the pathophysiological mechanisms that accompany aggression in neuropsychiatric syndromes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Studies were located through computer searches of relevant experimental reports and review articles mainly from the last 25 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Several studies using neuroimaging and neurophysiological and neuropathological research techniques have identified lesions in the limbic structures, temporal lobes, and frontal lobes of the brain in abnormally aggressive individuals. Several reports have associated deficiency or dysregulation of serotonin with homicidal, suicidal, and impulsive behavior. However, few studies have focused on polypeptides or second messenger systems, although abnormalities in these systems have been reported in patients with neuropsychiatric syndromes who have shown aggressive behavior. Even fewer studies focus on the correlation of brain structures and metabolic markers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The understanding of aggressive behavior in psychiatric patients is fragmented. Some explanations are speculative and extrapolated to clinical psychiatric syndromes from experimental data on the neurophysiology of cats, rats, and other mammals. Identification of biochemical markers that can be used in predicting patients' response to pharmacological interventions may be the next step in developing more rational treatment of violent patients.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Garza-Treviño
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D000818:Animals; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008032:Limbic System / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D011859:Radiography; D011889:Rage / Q000502:physiology; D012920:Social Behavior Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents