title: A randomised dosage study of ceftazidime with single daily tobramycin for the empirical management of febrile neutropenia in patients with hematological diseases.
abstract: A single-institution, randomised trial was conducted to compare the clinical and microbiological efficacy of two different doses of ceftazidime in combination with a single daily dose of tobramycin for the empirical management of febrile neutropenic patients with hematologic disorders (absolute neutrophil count < 1 x 10(9)/l). Upon the development of fever or signs of sepsis, patients received either 2 g ceftazidime every 8 h plus a single daily dose tobramycin (5 mg/kg/day) (C2T, n = 73) or 1 g ceftazidime every 8 h plus a single daily dose of tobramycin (C1T, n = 77). In addition, flucloxacillin (1-2 g every 4 h) could be added if there was clinical suspicion of staphylococcal infection. Analysis was performed for the whole group and for the subset which did not receive flucloxacillin. When evaluated at 96 h, 70% (95% CI, +/- 11%) of patients randomised to C2T and 60% (95% CI, +/- 11%) randomised to C1T had responded (chi 2 = 1.27, P = 0.26). The response rates at 96 h for those who did not receive flucloxacillin were 77% (+/- 12%) and 74% (+/- 13%), respectively (chi 2 = 0.01, P = 0.92). Overall, 68 (93% +/- 6%) and 72 (94% +/- 6%) patients, respectively, eventually became afebrile (chi 2 = 0.06, P = 0.81). Renal function, as judged by serum creatinine, was unaffected by either antibiotic schedule. Within 10 days of antibiotic commencement there was one death in each arm and overall there were five deaths in each arm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Haematology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Snowdon
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Joshua
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: MacLeod
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iland
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kronenberg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology*; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000150:complications*; D014031:Tobramycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002442:Ceftazidime; D014031:Tobramycin