title: Fatness in relation to substrate oxidation during exercise.
abstract: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that differences in fuel utilisation during exercise, determined by muscle fibre-type profile, are an aetiological factor for obesity as proposed by Wade et al. (Lancet 1990, 335, 805-8). An investigation was carried out of relationships between body fatness (assessed by skinfolds, densitometry and dual X-ray absorptiometry) and fuel utilisation represented by the respiratory exchange ratio (RER, assessed by indirect calorimetry) during three cycle ergometer exercises. Exercise 1 was an exact replication of the Wade protocol (fixed 100 Watt load and unstandardised with respect to antecedent diet and activity). Exercises 2 (fasted) and 3 (fed) were highly standardised and adjusted to represent the same relative workload for each subject (45% VO2max). The subjects were 37 randomly-selected untrained men. None of the exercises yielded significant correlations between fatness and RER. The results refute the initial hypothesis linking substrate oxidation and body fatness. Inspection of the body composition data for Wade's subjects reveals that they were abnormally lean. This suggests that their findings may have been confounded by coincident correlations between fitness and fatness, and may not represent a true causal relationship.
authors.affiliation: MRC Dunn Clinical Nutrition Centre, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Geerling
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Alles
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Murgatroyd
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harding
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Prentice
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D003720:Densitometry; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange; D012885:Skinfold Thickness
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates