title: Influence of azathioprine on the ferrokinetics of patients with renal failure before and after treatment with erythropoietin.
abstract: In 16 patients (9 on azathioprine, 7 not) the ineffective iron turnover (IIT) was much higher in the azathioprine group (62.7 +/- 6.7 vs. 23.5 +/- 3.5 mumol/l blood/day, p < 0.0001, 2-tailed t test), though the red cell iron turnover (RCIT) was similar (42.8 +/- 2.9 vs. 41 +/- 4.8). Erythropoietin improved the anaemia in all patients and raised the RCIT (4 still on azathioprine to 72.2 +/- 9.8, p < 0.003; 7 non-azathioprine patients to 62.7 +/- 5.3, p < 0.01); the IIT remained higher in the azathioprine-treated (85.5 +/- 19.3 vs. 37.1 +/- 5.4; p < 0.013). In 2 patients who discontinued azathioprine, the IIT declined markedly to normal. In summary, azathioprine exacerbates the anaemia of renal failure by augmenting ineffective erythropoiesis, while erythropoietin benefits those on azathioprine as much as other renal patients by stimulating both effective and ineffective erythropoiesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Renal Medicine, Manchester Royal Infirmary, UK.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Anastassiades
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Howarth
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Howarth
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shanks
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Waters
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hyde
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Geary
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gokal
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004920:Erythropoiesis / Q000187:drug effects; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D000090463:Iron Deficiencies; D008297:Male; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin; D005293:Ferritins; D007501:Iron; D001379:Azathioprine