title: Phencyclidine (PCP) self-administration and withdrawal in rhesus monkeys: effects of buprenorphine and dizocilpine (MK-801) pretreatment.
abstract: The effects of dizocilpine and buprenorphine pretreatment on behavior reinforced by orally delivered phencyclidine (PCP) and saccharin, and on PCP withdrawal-induced disruptions in food-maintained responding were examined. Sixteen male rhesus monkeys were used in six different experimental protocols. Two groups of monkeys (N = 4-5) self-administered PCP (0.25 mg/ml) and water under concurrent FR 16 schedules, and were pretreated with IM injections of saline, and dizocilpine (0.001-0.1 mg/kg), or buprenorphine (0.003-0.8 mg/kg) 30 min before the 3-h sessions for 5 days. Two other groups (N = 5) were treated similarly except they had access to saccharin (0.03% or 0.3% w/v) and water under concurrent FR 16 schedules. In two other groups (N = 3), the effects of saline, dizocilpine (0.005-0.1 mg/kg), or buprenorphine (0.2 and 0.8 mg/kg) pretreatment were studied on PCP (0.25 mg/ml) withdrawal-induced disruptions in food-maintained responding. Dizocilpine and buprenorphine reduced both PCP (0.25 mg/ml) and saccharin (0.03% or 0.3% w/v) self-administration, especially at the 0.1-mg/kg dizocilpine dose and 0.2-mg/kg buprenorphine dose. Dizocilpine attenuated the PCP withdrawal effect, but buprenorphine had no effect on behavioral disruptions induced by PCP withdrawal. When dizocilpine was administered 2 days after PCP withdrawal began, the withdrawal effects were almost completely reversed. These results suggest that although drugs from the same and different pharmacological classes can suppress self-administration of drug and nondrug reinforcers, the same doses may produce an opposite effect or no effect on food-maintained behavior during PCP withdrawal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Carmona
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rodefer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002047:Buprenorphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D010622:Phencyclidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012439:Saccharin / Q000494:pharmacology; D012646:Self Administration; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D002047:Buprenorphine; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D012439:Saccharin; D010622:Phencyclidine