title: Gender differences in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether there are differences between men and women patients who have chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and, if so, to ascertain whether a gender-related pattern exists.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive study of demographic, clinical, and psychosocial measures, the results of which were prospectively collected for patients who had CFS.
  
  
  METHODS
  A university-based referral clinic devoted to the evaluation and management of chronic fatigue.
  
  
  METHODS
  348 CFS patients who had undergone complete medical evaluations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical variables included symptoms, physical examination findings, and laboratory results. Psychosocial assessment consisted of a structured psychiatric interview, the Medical Outcomes Study Short-form General Health Survey to assess functional status, the General Health Questionnaire to ascertain psychological distress, the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control, and measures of attribution, social support, and coping.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, few gender-related differences were identified. Women had a higher frequency of tender or enlarged lymph nodes (60% versus 33%, p < or = 0.01) and fibromyalgia (36% versus 12%, p < or = 0.001) and lower scores on the physical functioning subscale of the Medical Outcomes Study Short-form General Health Survey (37.6 versus 52.2, p < 0.01); men more often had pharyngeal inflammation (42% versus 22%, p < or = 0.001) and reported a higher lifetime prevalence of alcoholism (20% versus 9%, p < or = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In general, demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors do not distinguish men from women CFS patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buchwald
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pearlman
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kith
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schmaling
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine; D015673:Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010808:Physical Examination; D011581:Psychological Tests; D012737:Sex Factors