title: ralGDS family members interact with the effector loop of ras p21.
abstract: Using a yeast two-hybrid system, we identified a novel protein which interacts with ras p21. This protein shares 69% amino acid homology with ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (ralGDS), a GDP/GTP exchange protein for ral p24. We designated this protein RGL, for ralGDS-like. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we found that an effector loop mutant of ras p21 was defective in interacting with the ras p21-interacting domain of RGL, suggesting that this domain binds to ras p21 through the effector loop of ras p21. Since ralGDS contained a region highly homologous with the ras p21-interacting domain of RGL, we examined whether ralGDS could interact with ras p21. In the yeast two-hybrid system, ralGDS failed to interact with an effector loop mutant of ras p21. In insect cells, ralGDS made a complex with v-ras p21 but not with a dominant negative mutant of ras p21. ralGDS interacted with the GTP-bound form of ras p21 but not with the GDP-bound form in vitro. ralGDS inhibited both the GTPase-activating activity of the neurofibromatosis gene product (NF1) for ras p21 and the interaction of Raf with ras p21 in vitro. These results demonstrate that ralGDS specifically interacts with the active form of ras p21 and that ralGDS can compete with NF1 and Raf for binding to the effector loop of ras p21. Therefore, ralGDS family members may be effector proteins of ras p21 or may inhibit interactions between ras p21 and its effectors.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco 94143-0130.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Demo
authors.forename: Z H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Y W
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D025542:Neurofibromin 1; D011485:Protein Binding; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D020725:ral GTP-Binding Proteins; D020726:ral Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor; D020668:rap GTP-Binding Proteins
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D025542:Neurofibromin 1; D011506:Proteins; D020726:ral Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D020725:ral GTP-Binding Proteins; D020668:rap GTP-Binding Proteins