title: Multislice proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy.
abstract: Multislice proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging permits metabolic analysis of brain tissue in vivo by data acquisition in four oblique axial slices, each 15-mm thick and divided into 0.8-ml single-volume elements. We applied this technique to the systematic study of 25 patients with adrenoleukodystrophy: 3 with the severe childhood or adult cerebral form of the disease, 5 with adrenomyeloneuropathy, 12 with no demonstrable neurological involvement, and 5 women heterozygous for adrenoleukodystrophy who had some degree of neurological disability. Abnormalities on magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging included a reduction in N-acetyl aspartate, an increase in choline-containing compounds, and at times, an increase in lactate. Five patients showed abnormalities in the presence of normal-appearing magnetic resonance images, and in 8 other patients the alterations on spectroscopic images were more severe than those demonstrable by magnetic resonance imaging. Correlation with clinical course suggests that an increase in the choline-containing compounds is associated with an active demyelinative process, whereas such compounds are not elevated in lesions that are stable. We conclude that magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging is a more sensitive indicator of early neurological involvement than is magnetic resonance imaging, and that the character of abnormalities detected by the former technique may serve as a gauge of the degree of activity of the demyelinating process and as a guide to the selection and evaluation of therapeutic approaches.
authors.affiliation: Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kruse
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: van Zijl
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Duyn
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Moonen
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Moser
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000326:Adrenoleukodystrophy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism; D014960:X Chromosome
chemical_list: D010725:Phosphocreatine; D001224:Aspartic Acid; C000179:N-acetylaspartate; D003401:Creatine; D002794:Choline