title: Cloning, sequencing and expression of stress genes from the ethanol-producing bacterium Zymomonas mobilis: the groESL operon.
abstract: Zymomonas mobilis is unique among bacteria in its ability to produce high levels of ethanol (EtOH) during fermentation. Elevated EtOH concentration, like elevated temperature, is a microbial stress and a universal inducer of stress proteins. For Z. mobilis, exposure to high levels of EtOH represents a natural stress. By using a simple strategy which combines the genetic tools of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, we have cloned genes encoding two of the most abundant stress proteins in Z. mobilis, GroES and GroEL. Both genes were expressed at high levels in E. coli. Despite the unique environment (EtOH concentrations of above 10%) in which the translated products from these genes function in Z. mobilis, the amino-acid sequences encoded were remarkably similar to their homologues from bacteria which are not known to accumulate EtOH. Two small regions were observed, however, which appear more similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae hsp60 (groEL homologue) than to E. coli or the concensus. These may be related to EtOH tolerance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Yomano
authors.forename: L O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Ingram
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D018835:Chaperonin 10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009876:Operon / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D017355:Zymomonas / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018835:Chaperonin 10; D018834:Chaperonin 60; D000431:Ethanol