title: Cigarette, alcohol and other drug use among small city pregnant adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of cigarette, alcohol and other drug use and associated factors of use among predominantly Caucasian small-city pregnant adolescents, a little-studied population.
  
  
  METHODS
  At the initial prenatal visit 117 enrollees completed a self-administered questionnaire. Patients provided urine samples for drug metabolites. Chart review determined medical provider documentation of substance use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-five percent of patients were positive for alcohol or other drug use by questionnaire self-report, provider report or initial urine drug screening test. Thirteen percent of patients were positive for at least one drug metabolite in the urine. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated a model with four significant risk factors associated with pregnant adolescent alcohol and other drug use: lack of closeness with the father of the baby, neither parent in the home, patient experiencing consequences of alcohol and other drug use, and father of the baby experiencing consequences of alcohol and other drug use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high prevalence of cigarette, alcohol and other drug use in this predominantly Caucasian sample was comparable to previous inner city data. Awareness of risk factors may improve identification and management of substance use among pregnant adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53792-4116.
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Kokotailo
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Langhough
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Fleming
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D011247:Pregnancy; D011253:Pregnancy in Adolescence / Q000523:psychology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014922:Wisconsin / Q000453:epidemiology