title: Bacterial translocation: nursing implications in the care of patients with neutropenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe bacterial translocation; the potential causes and influencing factors of bacterial translocation; the anatomy, physiology, and immunology of the small intestine; and the significance of bacterial translocation in patients with cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Published articles and books, as well as clinical experience.
  
  
  RESULTS
  50% of infections in patients with cancer who are neutropenic result from endogenous sources such as the normal microbial flora of the bowel. This process called bacterial translocation may be responsible for symptoms such as fever of unknown origin in these patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maintaining normal bacterial ecology and mucosal integrity of the bowel can reduce the risk of bacterial translocation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Care is directed at preventing constipation and maintaining integrity of the normal bowel and microbial flora by providing a low-microbial diet that contains adequate fluid and fiber and by encouraging good oral care.
authors.affiliation: Carlow College, Pittsburgh, PA.
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Carter
mesh_terms: D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D002465:Cell Movement; D004032:Diet; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000451:nursing*; D009859:Oncology Nursing / Q000379:methods; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D012307:Risk Factors