title: Induction of p21 (WAF-1/CIP1) during differentiation.
abstract: The recently cloned protein, p21 (WAF1/CIP1) is a downstream effector of p53, and mediates growth arrest by inhibiting the action of G1 cyclin-dependent kinases. Since cellular differentiation is frequently characterized by G1 arrest, we examined whether p21 upregulation occurs in differentiation. We show that p21 expression is triggered by multiple differentiation-inducing agents in hematopoietic and hepatoma cells through a p53-independent pathway. The dramatic rise in p21 levels occurs as an immediate early response to differentiation inducers. The induction of p21 is coupled to the expression of early differentiation markers, and is uncoupled from apoptosis. Finally, evidence is presented that p21 expression is uncoupled from G1 arrest in the presence of deregulated c-myc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Steinman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iro
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guillouf
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Liebermann
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: el-Houseini
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016259:Genes, myc; D006801:Humans; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors