title: Changes in cytokine production during therapy with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
abstract: Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor therapy significantly reduces serum hepatitis B virus DNA levels, associated with increased 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity in cultured mononuclear cells of patients with chronic hepatitis B. To assess changes in immune function during therapy of chronic hepatitis B patients, spontaneous and mitogen-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, interferon-alpha and interferon-gamma were measured-along with serum levels of soluble CD4, soluble CD8, soluble interleukin-2 receptor and beta 2-microglobulin-before, during and after a 6-wk course of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in nine patients with chronic hepatitis B. Treatment statistically enhanced spontaneous production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (p < 0.05) and interleukin-1 beta (p < 0.02). Furthermore, spontaneous interleukin-6 production correlated negatively with hepatitis B virus DNA levels (p < 0.03), and spontaneous interleukin-1 beta production correlated positively with 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity (p < 0.0005). In addition, statistically significant increases were found during therapy in serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (p < 0.01), soluble CD4 (p < 0.01) and beta 2-microglobulin (p < 0.05). Levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor and soluble CD4 correlated negatively with levels of hepatitis B virus DNA (p < 0.05), and levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor and beta 2-microglobulin correlated positively with 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity (p < 0.003 and p < 0.02, respectively). Thus recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor administration may induce reductions in hepatitis B virus DNA levels, perhaps by altering the immune status and increasing cytokine production.
authors.affiliation: Hepatology Unit, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Quiroga
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Carreño
mesh_terms: D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008934:Mitogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012995:Solubility; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; D008934:Mitogens; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor