title: Osteoporosis: monitoring techniques and alternate therapies. Calcitonin, fluoride, bisphosphonates, vitamin D.
abstract: The woman at greatest risk for developing osteoporosis is of Northern-European heritage, petite, a smoker, and sedentary. She has a family history of osteoporosis, has a lifelong history of low dietary calcium intake, and has undergone an early menopause or an oophorectomy. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis and classification, monitoring techniques, and alternate therapy of osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Baran
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004164:Diphosphonates; D014807:Vitamin D; D002116:Calcitonin; D005459:Fluorides