title: Hydroxyl group of Tyr13 is essential for the activity of omega-conotoxin GVIA, a peptide toxin for N-type calcium channel.
abstract: A series of analogs of omega-conotoxin GVIA, a peptide neurotoxin having 27 amino acid residues with three disulfide bridges, were synthesized by replacing each amino acid residue except for Cys and Hyp with Ala. CD spectra were virtually identical between native and all of the analogs, indicating the overall conformations were not changed by the substitutions. The inhibitory effects of these analogs on 125I-omega-conotoxin GVIA binding to chick brain synaptic plasma membranes showed that replacement of Tyr13 with Ala drastically lowered the affinity of the toxin to the N-type Ca2+ channel. Substitution of Tyr13 with Phe also showed reduction of the affinity, indicating that the hydroxyl group of Tyr13 is critical for binding. Since Lys2 is also important for binding (Sato, K. Park, N.-G., Kohno, T. Maeda, T., Kim, J.-I., Kato, R., and Takahashi, M. (1993) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 194, 1292-1296), we propose a two-point binding model in which Tyr13 and Lys2 interact with specific amino acid residues of the Ca2+ channel through hydrogen bonding and ionic interaction, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Mitsubishi Kasei Institute of Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D002645:Chickens; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008978:Mollusk Venoms; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D020866:omega-Conotoxin GVIA
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D008978:Mollusk Venoms; D010455:Peptides; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D014443:Tyrosine; D020866:omega-Conotoxin GVIA