title: Assisted fertilization with intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the significance of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in severe male factor infertility and previous failed fertilization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Private infertility clinic, London.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-nine patients with a long-standing history of infertility of which 48 had previous failed fertilization, 15 had < 1 million progressive motile sperm per ejaculate, and the remaining 6 had obstructive azoospermia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Assisted fertilization with primary intracytoplasmic sperm injection was carried out in 69 IVF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Normal (two pronuclei [2PN]) fertilization and pregnancy rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 967, oocytes were collected and 785 were subsequently microinjected. Normal fertilization (2PN) occurred in 410 oocytes (52%) and 90.5% of those cleaved. Sixty-four patients underwent ET, with a total of 181 embryos transferred. Twenty-five patients conceived with a pregnancy rate of 39% per transfer. The implantation rate was 16% and the total pregnancy loss rate 24%. Failed fertilization after intracytoplasmic sperm injection occurred in four cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is increasingly becoming the treatment of choice in infertile couples where assisted fertilization is indicated. The high fertilization and pregnancy rates observed with this technique, together with a low risk of abnormalities, has revolutionized treatment of male factor infertility.
authors.affiliation: London Gynaecology and Fertility Centre, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsirigotis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Redgment
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nicholson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pelekanos
authors.forename: I L
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Craft
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003593:Cytoplasm; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000628:therapy; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012099:Reproductive Techniques; D013094:Spermatozoa; D017211:Treatment Failure; D017388:Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer