title: Recovery of transmural and subepicardial wall thickening after subendocardial infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study tested the hypothesis that there is preferential recovery of subepicardial wall thickening after nontransmural myocardial infarction.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have demonstrated gradual recovery of mechanical function after reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction. Because myocardial necrosis is primarily subendocardial, it was hypothesized that recovery of mechanical function would occur primarily in the subepicardial layers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven mongrel dogs were instrumented with ultrasonic crystals to measure transmural and outer wall thickening. Animals performed treadmill exercise before and 8 days after nontransmural infarction produced by coronary occlusion for 90 min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Coronary artery occlusion reduced myocardial blood flow to inner layers more than that to outer wall layers (mean [+/- SD] 0.19 +/- 0.35 vs. 0.38 +/- 0.38 ml/g per min, p < 0.05). Infarct size (% of risk region) was also greater in subendocardial layers (33.3 +/- 24.3% inner vs. 8.3 +/- 9.7% outer). Rest transmural wall thickening was 22.4 +/- 7.5% versus 14.4 +/- 6.3% for outer wall layers. During coronary artery occlusion, transmural and outer wall thickening decreased similarly (3.2 +/- 7.7% vs. 0.2 +/- 5.9%). Eight days after reperfusion, thickening of the entire wall recovered to 7.5 +/- 4.7%; however, outer wall thickening had only recovered to 0.0 +/- 5.8%. Myocardial blood flow was abnormal during exercise 8 days after reperfusion, with markedly reduced subendocardial perfusion. However, thickening of the inner and outer layers was similar, with transmural thickening of 8.5 +/- 9.3% and outer wall thickening of 1.6 +/- 6.2%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite preferential blood flow and less necrosis, thickening of the outer layer is not preserved 8 days after subendocardial infarction. The severity of subendocardial injury appears to be the major determinant of regional function after nontransmural infarction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Homans
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pavek
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Laxson
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bache
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D004285:Dogs; D004699:Endocardium; D005080:Exercise Test; D006321:Heart / Q000503:physiopathology; D006439:Hemodynamics; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D012146:Rest