title: Pineal calcification and its relationship to the fatigue of multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Fatigue is one of the most common clinical features of multiple sclerosis (MS) and is a frequent cause of disability. The pathogenesis of fatigue remains obscure. It may result from impaired propagation of action potentials in areas of demyelination. Other contributors may be mental depression, immobility, and physical disability. The fatigue of MS may be relieved by diverse pharmacological drugs such as amantadine and pemoline, but the mechanisms by which these agents act to ameliorate fatigue are unknown. Attention has been focused recently on the relationship between MS and the pineal gland and evidence has been presented to implicate the pineal gland and melatonin in the pathogenesis of the disease. To investigate this relationship further, we studied in 47 MS patients (mean age: 41.6 +/- 9.9 yrs; mean duration of illness: 13.6 +/- 12.6 yrs) the association between fatigue and incidence of pineal calcification (PC) on CT scan, which is thought to reflect past secretory activity of the gland. For comparison, we also evaluated the incidence of choroid plexus calcification (CPC) in these patients. The sample included 20 patients who experienced ongoing, debilitating fatigue during the course of the disease. 27 patients who did not complain of fatigue served as controls. The two groups were not distinguishable with respect to age, sex, age of onset, chronicity, course (relapsing-remitting vs. chronic progressive), and severity of the disease (ambulatory vs. immobile), as well as the incidence of affective illness.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: NeuroCommunication Research Laboratories, Danbury, CT 06811.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sandyk
authors.forename: G I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Awerbuch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D005221:Fatigue / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D010870:Pineal Gland / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D008550:Melatonin