title: Effect of acute lactulose administration on serum acetate levels in cirrhosis.
abstract: Lactulose has been used successfully in the treatment of portal-systemic encephalopathy but its exact mechanism of action is not known. The aim of this study was to observe the systemic effects of the colonic fermentation of an acute lactulose dose in cirrhotics and normal subjects. Six cirrhotic patients and 6 normal subjects were placed on 2 identical 2-d metabolic diets, 1 of which was supplemented with lactulose (1 g/100 kcals to a maximum of 28 g/d). Lactulose increased colonic fermentation in cirrhotic and normal subjects as evidenced by higher breath hydrogen and serum acetate levels. The increase in serum acetate levels after lactulose compared to control was similar in cirrhotic compared to normal subjects. However, the mean serum acetate concentration in the cirrhotics was significantly greater than that in the control subjects (p = 0.039), indicating increased endogenous production, or decreased peripheral utilization of acetate by the cirrhotic liver, or both. No change was observed in blood ammonia, glucose, insulin, or free fatty acid levels with lactulose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morali
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Wolever
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Blendis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Rao
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D006801:Humans; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007792:Lactulose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012119:Respiration
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D007792:Lactulose; D000641:Ammonia; D006859:Hydrogen