title: [Results of a case-control study of the current effect of various factors of cervical cancer risk. 2. Contraceptive behavior and the smoking factor].
abstract: We considered in this study 309 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or invasive cervical carcinoma and 490 women without pathological changes in the cervical epithelium. The interviews was performed using a standardised questionnaire. The percentage of women who attended screening programmes for cervical carcinoma amounted to 83.5% for the study group and 81% for the control group. The relative risk (RR) for developing CIN or invasive cervical carcinoma increased with the use of hormonal contraceptives; the increase being statistically significant (RR = 3.5; p = 0.006). Moreover easy use of oral contraceptives (< 18 years, 18-20 years, 21-25 years vs > 25 years) and prolonged use of oral contraceptives were associated with a significant increased of the relative risk. In contrast, women who used IUD had a very low relative risk (RR = 0.6; p = 0.005). 54.5% of the patients in the study group and 41.6% of those in the control group were smokers. We observed that smoking increases the relative risk for cervical carcinoma or CIN (RR = 1.7; p = 0.01). The duration of smoking and the number of cigarettes smoked were observed to increase the risk for cervical carcinoma, the increase being statistically significant.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Universität Leipzig.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Köhler
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wuttke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015984:Causality; D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral
vernacular_title: Ergebnisse einer Fall-Kontroll-Studie zum aktuellen Einfluss verschiedener Faktoren auf das Zervixkarzinomrisiko. 2. Mitteilung: Kontrazeptionsverhalten und Faktor Rauchen.