title: Risk factors for acute non-A, non-B hepatitis and their relationship to antibodies for hepatitis C virus: a case-control study.
abstract: A case-control study was carried out comparing 333 case subjects with non-A, non-B hepatitis and 1095 hospital control subjects. Of 333 case subjects, 197 (59%) were positive for hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV). Excluding blood transfusion and intravenous drug use, surgical intervention and dental therapy were strongly associated with anti-HCV-positive cases: in particular, obstetric and gynecology surgical intervention was found to be strongly associated with HCV positivity (odds ratio [OR] = 32; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 7, 147). Raw shellfish consumption was a risk factor for anti-HCV-negative cases (OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.0, 5.1), thus suggesting an enterically transmitted virus in sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis in Italy.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Laboratorio di Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mele
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sagliocca
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Manzillo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Converti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amoroso
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Stazi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrigno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rapicetta
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Adamo
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology*; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012758:Shellfish / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies