[Ontogenic basis of human predisposition to thoracic outlet syndrome. Cervicothoracic reconstruction of a 2.5 cm embryo].
The cervico-thoracic region of a 2.5 cm embryo, that means approximately 7 weeks old or Streeter stage 20, has been reconstructed in 3 dimensions, with the Born procedure. Scaleni muscles are separated in 2 groups by the brachial plexus, which emerges directly with an antero-external course to the pectoral limb. The loco-regional anatomical arrangement, particular of that age, combining: a scapulum situated in a para-sagittal plane, a clavicle situated in a high transverse plane, a cervical kyphotic curve, and a keeled chest aspect, remind the quadriped morphology, and point out the real metamorphosis later sustained by the foetus. The Cervico-Cephalic Emergence defined in human by Sakka (1973), will later overturn the regional architecture, modifying directions and forms of skeletal structures, on which scalene muscles insert. The initially direct brachial plexus course will secondary turn to an angle, to fit on morphological changes of the surrounding preestablished elements; a certain ontogenic foundation for the anatomical propensity to thoracic outlet syndrome could then be explained.
Milliez
P Y
PY
Service d'Orthopédie-Traumatologie, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Rouen.
Sakka
M
M
D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000196:embryology; D006801:Humans; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D013901:Thoracic Outlet Syndrome / Q000196:embryology* / Q000473:pathology
Bases ontogéniques de la prédisposition humaine aux syndromes de la traversée thoraco-brachiale. Reconstruction cervico-thoracique d'un embryon de 2.5 cm.