title: Membrane binding of myristylated peptides corresponding to the NH2 terminus of Src.
abstract: Membrane association is required for cell transformation by pp60v-src (v-Src), the product of the v-src oncogene of Rous sarcoma virus. Previous experiments have identified two NH2-terminal membrane-binding motifs: a myristate (14-carbon acyl chain) attached to the NH2-terminal glycine and three basic residues at positions 5, 7, and 9 of Src. We examined the membrane binding of each motif using myristylated (myr-src) and nonmyristylated (nonmyr-src) peptides corresponding to the NH2 terminus of Src. All myristylated peptides partitioned equally well onto electrically neutral phosphatidylcholine vesicles (K1 = 10(4) M-1). Identical binding has been observed for simple myristylated peptides (e.g., myr-Gly) and arises from the hydrophobic insertion of the myristate into the bilayer. A nonmyristylated peptide corresponding to residues 2-16 of Src [nonmyr-src(2-16), net charge = +5] bound to vesicles containing 33% monovalent acidic phospholipids with K1 = 10(3) M-1. Penta(lysine) (+5 net charge) exhibits the same binding behavior, which is due to the electrostatic interaction between basic residues and acidic lipids. The corresponding myristylated peptide, myr-src(2-16), binds 3 orders of magnitude more strongly to vesicles containing 33% acidic lipids than to neutral vesicles. The resulting apparent association constant, K1 = 10(7) M-1, is approximately equal to the product of the partition coefficients for the two individual interactions. This 10(7) M-1 binding is sufficiently strong to anchor the Src protein to biological membranes. We propose a simple model that explains the observed synergism between the two peptide-membrane interactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Buser
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Sigal
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Resh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D001358:Avian Sarcoma Viruses / Q000235:genetics*; D018699:Coated Vesicles; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009226:Myristates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D015688:Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src) / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D009226:Myristates; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D015688:Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src)