title: Evaluation of the influence of the aqueous phase bioconstituent environment on the F-19 T1 of perfluorocarbon blood substitute emulsions.
abstract: Oxygen-sensitive F-19 magnetic resonance imaging of perfluorocarbon compounds requires that fluorocarbon T1 changes correlate with the local PO2 and not with the composition of the surrounding aqueous phase. The influence of various bioconstituents and paramagnetic ions within the aqueous phase on the F-19 fluorocarbon phase T1 for PFC emulsions was evaluated at 0.14 and 0.66 T. T1 was measured for FC-43, perflubron, and a fluorinated surfactant. Controlled variables introduced in the aqueous phase included annex solution constituents, blood, pH changes, and Gd-DTPA. For a constant PO2, the F-19 T1s were independent of the emulsion constituents, blood concentration, and pH. For FC-43 and perflubron, F-19 T1 was independent of the Gd-DTPA concentration, while the aqueous phase T1 decreased by more than an order of magnitude. XMO-10 (smallest emulsion particle size) showed a slight decrease in F-19 T1 with increasing Gd-DTPA concentration at 0.66 T.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH 45267-0579.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Pratt
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Millard
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Samaratunga
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shiferaw
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001769:Blood; D001802:Blood Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry; D004285:Dogs; D004530:Egg Yolk; D004655:Emulsions; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005461:Fluorine / Q000737:chemistry*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000737:chemistry*; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000737:chemistry; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008280:Magnetics; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001802:Blood Substitutes; D003287:Contrast Media; D004655:Emulsions; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010743:Phospholipids; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014867:Water; D005461:Fluorine; C008807:perfluorotributylamine; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; C003072:perflubron; D010100:Oxygen