title: The incidence of childhood IDDM in New South Wales, Australia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in children 0-14 years of age in the state of New South Wales, Australia, which has a total population of 5.73 million.
  
  
  METHODS
  We established a prospective register, identifying 361 incident cases over a 2-year period (1990-1991) with two independent sources of case ascertainment. The primary source was the reporting of newly diagnosed patients by physicians and diabetes educators. The secondary source was a subsidized syringe scheme.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using the capture-recapture method, ascertainment was estimated to be 99.4% complete. The age-standardized incidence rate was 14.5 per 100,000 person-years (95% confidence interval: 13.0-16.0). No significant differences were found when comparing the first and second years of the register, boys and girls, geographical areas, or Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children. There was seasonal variation in the onset (with more cases in winter), which was evident in the 10- to 14-year age-group (P = 0.01), but not in younger age-groups. A first-degree relative was already affected in 6.9% of the cases. No significant difference was noted in the age at onset when comparing cases with and without an affected first-degree relative.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of childhood IDDM in New South Wales is similar to rates found in other predominantly Anglo-Saxon populations. IDDM occurs in Aboriginal children with a frequency comparable to that in the rest of the population.
authors.affiliation: Ray Williams Institute for Pediatric Endocrinology, Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Verge
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silink
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Howard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009517:New South Wales / Q000453:epidemiology; D012042:Registries; D012621:Seasons; D012737:Sex Factors; D044465:White People