title: Induction of translation by the 5'-untranslated region of human androgen receptor mRNA.
abstract: Androgens and androgen receptor (AR) play important roles in sexual differentiation and prostatic cancer cell proliferation. To investigate the regulation of AR expression, a 2-kilobase pair 5'-flanking region of human AR gene including a 0.6-kilobase pair 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) was ligated to a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene and characterized by CAT assay after transfection into HeLa cells. The results revealed that AR 5'-UTR was absolutely needed for the induction of CAT activity, but could not function as an enhancer for the AR transcription. A further study using a 180 base pairs (+21 to +202 including a stem-loop secondary structure at +109 to +129) within the AR 5'-UTR demonstrated that this region was sufficient to induce more CAT activity without changing the CAT mRNA expression. Taken together, these results strongly suggested that 5'-UTR of AR mRNA plays an essential role in the induction of AR translation, which may represent the first reported translational induction mechanism in the steroid receptor superfamily.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53792.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mizokami
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D013539:Simian virus 40 / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase