title: High-energy phosphate metabolism in a neonatal model of hydrocephalus before and after shunting.
abstract: The authors studied the effects of hydrocephalus on the high-energy phosphate metabolism of the brain and the impact of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting on these changes in an experimental model of hydrocephalus. High-energy phosphate metabolism was analyzed using in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and 31P MR spectroscopy. Hydrocephalus was produced in 34 1-week-old kittens by cisternal injection of 0.05 ml of a 25% kaolin solution. Sixteen litter mates were used as controls. A VP shunt with a distal slit valve was implanted in 17 of the 34 hydrocephalic animals 10 days after induction of hydrocephalus. Both MR imaging and 31P MR spectroscopy were obtained 1 and 3 weeks after either kaolin or distilled water injection. Untreated hydrocephalic animals had marked dilatation of the lateral ventricles and periventricular edema. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed a significant decrease in the energy index ratio of phosphocreatine (PCR): inorganic phosphate (PI) and an increase in the PI:adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ratio. There was a direct correlation between the decrease in the energy index and ventricular size. Compared with preoperative scans, shunted animals showed no periventricular edema, and the ventricles decreased in size. Also, PCR:PI and PI:ATP ratios were within the levels of controls. This study suggests that neonatal hydrocephalus results in a mild hypoxic/ischemic insult that is treatable by VP shunting.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Drake
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lemaire
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cross
authors.forename: U I
authors.initials: UI
authors.lastname: Tuor
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002415:Cats; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism*; D017287:Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D010725:Phosphocreatine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate