title: Electrocatalytic glucose sensor.
abstract: An electrocatalytic glucose sensor for in vivo application has been developed. The sensor is a flow-through cell with three electrodes and can be integrated into a blood vessel. The principle of measurement is based on the direct electrochemical oxidation of glucose at a membrane-covered noble-metal electrode. To test the potential long-term in vivo function of the sensor, it was implanted in the carotid artery of a sheep. Thus, the sensor performance was verified over a period of 71 days. During this time, a nearly constant blood flow through the cell was achieved, which indicates good blood compatibility of the materials used. It was possible to set up a calibration that was valid over 24 days (mean error 2.3 mmol l-1). The tested cross-sensitivity of the sensor towards cysteine, acetyl salicylic acid and other small molecules shows tolerable effects on this type of glucose measurement. Only high concentrations of lactate and ethanol require a special adaptation of the calibration to suppress their influence. Minor cross-sensitivity and promising long-term stability recommend this type of sensor for in vivo monitoring of blood sugar level. However, for intravasal application, it is necessary to modify the present sensor design to a catheter-type construction.
authors.affiliation: Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lager
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: von Lucadou
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Preidel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ruprecht
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saeger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis* / Q000187:drug effects; D003545:Cysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D000431:Ethanol; D003545:Cysteine; D001241:Aspirin