Role of breast milk in acquisition of cytomegalovirus infection.
The prevalence of IgG antibody against cytomegalovirus (CMV) was compared between the age-matched (0 month to 2 years of age) groups of 212 breast-fed children and 223 bottle-fed children to examine the role of breast milk for acquisition of CMV. Mothers of both groups of children were also examined for CMV IgG antibodies. Both the breast-fed and bottle-fed children groups showed high seropositivity for CMV at 0 to 2 months of age, which gradually decreased and bottomed at 6 to 8 months of age. Thereafter, in the breast-fed children group, the seropositivity rate increased up to 70% by 1 year of age. In contrast, in the bottle-fed children group, the seropositivity rate remained at the bottom level of lower than 30%, without showing any apparent increases. The serological data of the children whose mothers were confirmed to be seropositive, revealed that mother-to-child transmission of CMV occurred in 11 of 17 (64.7%) of the breast-fed children and in 24 of 87 (27.6%) of the bottle-fed children. All the bottle-fed children born to seronegative mothers remained seronegative for CMV up to 1 year of age. The bottle-fed children showed significantly lower seropositivity than the breast-fed children, although most of both groups of children were born to seropositive mothers. The results strongly suggested that about 40% of the breast-fed children acquire CMV via breast milk and breast-feeding has certain protective effects on congenital CMV disease in the offspring.
Minamishima
I
I
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Ueda
K
K
Minematsu
T
T
Minamishima
Y
Y
Umemoto
M
M
Take
H
H
Kuraya
K
K
D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001903:Bottle Feeding; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000276:immunology; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000635:transmission*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000821:virology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G