[Clinical trial of protocol-AL851 for children with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Kyushu Yamaguchi Children's Cancer Study Group (KYCCSG)].
Fifty five children diagnosed as having high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) between 1985 and 1988 were treated with protocol AL851. The agents used in the protocol were as follows: induction therapy: vincristine (VCR), prednisolone, daunorubicin (DNR) and l-asparaginase, consolidation therapy: an intermediate-dose methotrexate (MTX), central nervous system (CNS) leukemia prophylaxis: intrathecal MTX and 24Gy cranial irradiation, reinduction therapy: VCR, adriamycin, dexamethasone and high dose cytarabine (AraC), maintenance therapy: 6-mercaptopurine, cyclophosphamide, MTX, DNR, VCR and AraC. Patients received chemotherapy for 3 years after achieving complete remission (CR). CR was obtained in 51 patients (92.7%). Twenty-four of them relapsed after achieving CR (bone marrow 16, CNS 3 and testis 5). At median follow-up of 79 (range 64-102) months, the estimated 8-year disease free survival rate was 49.1 +/- 6.7%. Four patients relapsed at bone marrow during the first 6 months of the treatment, indicating that more intensive combination chemotherapy should be included in earlier stage of the protocol. The high incidence of testicular relapse (14.3% in boys) suggests that high-dose MTX or AraC should be needed for improvement of the prognosis of high-risk ALL patients.
Matsuzaki
A
A
Department of Pediatrics, Kyushu University.
Ishii
E
E
Ueda
K
K
Yanai
F
F
Nibu
K
K
Take
H
H
Koga
H
H
Miyazaki
S
S
Inoue
T
T
Miyake
K
K
D000367:Age Factors; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D012074:Remission Induction; D012306:Risk; D015996:Survival Rate
D003561:Cytarabine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D008727:Methotrexate