Use of pediatric physician extenders in pediatric and neonatal intensive care units.
OBJECTIVE
To determine present and future use of pediatric physician extenders in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units (ICUs).


METHODS
Descriptive, prospective, questionnaire survey.


METHODS
One hundred thirty hospitals represented by members of the Pediatric Section of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and 18 randomly selected hospitals identified as having no pediatric intensivist.


METHODS
None.


RESULTS
One hundred one (68.2%) of 148 responding institutions employed physician extenders and 69 (46.7%) employed pediatric physician extenders. Eighty percent of the hospitals using pediatric physician extenders employed pediatric nurse practitioners and 25% employed physician assistants. Of the 69 hospitals that employed pediatric physician extenders, 51 (73.9%) hospitals utilized them in neonatal ICUs and 12 (17.4%) hospitals used them in the pediatric ICUs. Institutions that did or did not employ pediatric physician extenders in pediatric ICUs were comparable in all factors studied, except for the perception of childcare physician staffing shortages. Duties competently performed by pediatric physician extenders did not differ between pediatric nurse practitioners and physician assistants and were similar to those duties of a second-year pediatric resident. More than 40% of institutions expected to increase the use of pediatric physician extenders in neonatal and pediatric ICUs and they expected to provide the majority of the specialty training required.


CONCLUSIONS
Pediatric physician extenders are extensively employed in pediatric and neonatal ICUs. They are perceived to perform at the level of second-year pediatric residents and are strongly supported by staff physicians and residents. It appears that more pediatric physician extenders will be employed in pediatric and neonatal ICUs in the future.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida Health Sciences Center/Jacksonville.
L
L
DeNicola
D
D
Kleid
L
L
Brink
D
D
van Stralen
M
M
Scott
D
D
Gerbert
L
L
Brennan
D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003422:Critical Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006742:Hospital Bed Capacity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010823:Physician Assistants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D000078329:Workforce