Community intervention and trends in dietary fat consumption among black and white adults.
OBJECTIVE
This study assessed whether a state public health department could effectively implement an affordable nutrition intervention program at the community level.


METHODS
Cross-sectional data were collected via telephone surveys of 9,839 adults, aged 18 years or older, in 1987, 1989, and 1991 in two South Carolina communities. Nutrition education programs began in 1988 in one community. The other community served as a comparison site. We assessed and compared changes in community levels of dietary fat and weekly meat consumption, salt use, and nutrition promotion awareness with analysis of covariance regression techniques that included race, sex, and age as covariates.


RESULTS
We observed favorable changes in most eating behaviors and levels of awareness in both communities. The intervention community experienced greater absolute changes that the comparison community in use of animal fats (-8.9% vs -4.0%; P = .02) and liquid or soft vegetable fats (+8.4% vs +3.6%; P = .04), and in awareness of restaurant nutrition information (+33.0% vs +19.4%; P = .0001). Although the primary type of dietary fat used differed between black and white respondents, we observed significant change among both groups.


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that community-wide nutrition education programs may have augmented regional or national changes in dietary behavior among white and black adults in the intervention community.
Division of Chronic Disease Control and Community Intervention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341.
J B
JB
Croft
S P
SP
Temple
B
B
Lankenau
G W
GW
Heath
C A
CA
Macera
E D
ED
Eaker
F C
FC
Wheeler
D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000639:trends*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052756:Nutritional Sciences / Q000193:education; D012307:Risk Factors; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013022:South Carolina; D044465:White People
D004041:Dietary Fats; D012982:Sodium, Dietary