Inhibition of smooth muscle cell growth by nitric oxide and activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase by cGMP.
Recent studies indicate that nitric oxide (NO) and guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) may inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) in vitro. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of NO- and cGMP-dependent inhibition of cultured rat aortic SMC. The cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) inhibited serum- and platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA in subcultured rat aortic SMC. Incubation with IL-1 beta for 24 h markedly increased cGMP levels but not adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) levels. However, the IL-1 beta-induced increase in cGMP was correlated with an activation of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (cAMP kinase) activity ratio. The activation of the cAMP kinase was prevented by treatments that blocked NO and cGMP production. The NO-generating vasodilator, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) also inhibited DNA synthesis and elevated cGMP levels. The inhibition of DNA synthesis by both IL-1 beta and SNAP was observed only when cGMP levels were elevated to high levels (10-fold or more). As was the case for IL-1 beta, SNAP increased the activity ratio of cAMP kinase. Selective inhibition of cAMP kinase using (R)-p-bromoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate prevented the inhibition of proliferation by IL-1 beta. By contrast, the inhibitor of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase, (R)-p-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate, had no effect on IL-1 beta-induced inhibition of cellular proliferation. These studies suggest that cGMP-dependent activation of the cAMP kinase may be responsible in part at least for the NO-dependent inhibition of proliferation of subcultured rat aortic SMC.
Cornwell
T L
TL
Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294-0019.
Arnold
E
E
Boerth
N J
NJ
Lincoln
T M
TM
D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D007375:Interleukin-1; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D006152:Cyclic GMP