Class I major histocompatibility complex-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes are not necessary for heterotypic immunity to influenza.
Mice transgenic for beta 2-microglobulin deletion (beta 2M-/-) were immunized intranasally with either a recombinant vaccinia virus that expressed both nucleoprotein and interleukin-2 or by infection with H3N2 influenza virus; 3-4 weeks later they were challenged with H1N1 influenza virus. The immunized beta 2M-/- mice had increased survival and enhanced clearance of virus relative to nonimmune controls. This protection correlated with the development of class II major histocompatibility complex-restricted pulmonary cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and nasal IgA anti-nucleoprotein antibody. Heterotypic immunity can therefore be generated by a mechanism that does not involve class I major histocompatibility complex-restricted T cells.
Bender
B S
BS
Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32608-1197.
Bell
W E
WE
Taylor
S
S
Small
P A
PA
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000502:physiology*; D007109:Immunity; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D009698:Nucleoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000032:analysis
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; C048842:NP protein, Influenza A virus; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D009698:Nucleoproteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014758:Viral Core Proteins; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin