Allogeneic versus autologous purged bone marrow transplantation for neuroblastoma: a report from the Childrens Cancer Group.
OBJECTIVE
We have compared the toxicity, relapse rate, and progression-free survival (PFS) of high-risk neuroblastoma patients receiving identical induction therapy and myeloablative chemotherapy plus total-body irradiation (TBI) followed by allogeneic or autologous purged bone marrow transplantation (BMT).


METHODS
Fifty-six patients with high-risk neuroblastoma underwent BMT at investigator and parent option if they did not have progressive disease after induction chemotherapy with cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and etoposide. After surgery and local radiation to residual tumor, myeloablative therapy consisting of etoposide, melphalan, cisplatin, and TBI was given followed by BMT. Patients with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-compatible siblings received allogeneic bone marrow (n = 20). The remaining patients (n = 36) received autologous bone marrow that had undergone multimodality purging and had no remaining detectable tumor cells by immunocytology.


RESULTS
Four of 20 allogeneic patients had a treatment-related death, compared with three of 36 autologous patients (P = .21). The relapse rate among allogeneic BMT patients was 69%, compared with 46% for autologous BMT patients (P = .14). The estimated PFS rates 4 years after BMT were 25% for allogeneic BMT patients and 49% for autologous BMT patients (P = .051).


CONCLUSIONS
Overall outcome for patients with neuroblastoma given this same induction therapy followed by autologous purged marrow was similar to that with allogeneic marrow, although bias in patients selection cannot be excluded in a nonrandomized comparison.
Department of Pediatrics, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco.
K K
KK
Matthay
R C
RC
Seeger
C P
CP
Reynolds
D O
DO
Stram
M C
MC
O'Leary
R E
RE
Harris
M
M
Selch
J B
JB
Atkinson
G M
GM
Haase
N K
NK
Ramsay
D000293:Adolescent; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011379:Prognosis; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation