Increased albumin excretion in industrial workers due to shift work rather than to prolonged exposure to low concentrations of chlorinated hydrocarbons.
OBJECTIVE
It has been reported that groups of workers in petrochemical industries who have been exposed to low concentrations of chemicals for prolonged periods have an increased urinary albumin excretion compared with unexposed controls. This increase, however, seemed to be unrelated to the extent, duration, and type of exposure. The aim of the present study was to investigate the suggestion that the small increase in albumin excretion might be due to differences in physical workload between the exposed and control groups or to the fact that the exposed workers are shift workers whereas the controls are employed on day duty.


METHODS
To elucidate the effect of shift work, again a series of renal and hepatic variables were studied in organochlorine workers but now with two different control groups. One control group comprised shift workers and the other only workers on day duty. The exposed and both control groups had roughly equal physical workloads, although one control group comprised shift workers and the other workers who work only during day time.


RESULTS
There were no significant changes in the results of the liver tests between the exposed group and either of the control groups, nor between the two control groups. No significant differences for any renal test were found between the exposed workers and control shift workers, but albumin was significantly lower in the control day workers than in the exposed workers and control shift workers.


CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that the previously reported small increase in albuminuria in industrial workers is due to alterations in circadian rhythms due to the shift work system rather than to prolonged exposure to low concentrations of potentially nephrotoxic chemicals.
Shell Internationale Petroleum Maatschappij BV, Health, Safety, and Environment Division, The Hague, The Netherlands.
P J
PJ
Boogaard
M E
ME
Caubo
D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology; D008099:Liver / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*
D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated