A family of retroviruses that utilize related phosphate transporters for cell entry.
The amphotropic murine retrovirus receptor Ram-1 shows significant sequence similarity to the gibbon ape leukemia virus (GALV) receptor Glvr-1, and both of these cell surface virus receptors normally function as sodium-dependent phosphate symporters. However, Ram-1 from humans or rats does not serve as a receptor for GALV, and Glvr-1 from humans does not serve as a receptor for amphotropic virus. Here we show that the murine retrovirus 10A1 can enter cells by using either Glvr-1 or Ram-1. Furthermore, we have constructed Ram-1/Glvr-1 hybrid receptors that allow entry of both GALV and amphotropic virus. While GALV and amphotropic virus are in separate interference groups when assayed on human cells, they do interfere with each other in cells expressing the hybrid receptor. These results indicate a close functional relationship between retroviruses that utilize members of this newly defined receptor family and provide a molecular explanation for nonreciprocal and cell type-specific interference observed for some retrovirus classes.
Miller
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Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98104.
Miller
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D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D016466:CHO Cells; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006224:Cricetinae; D015870:Gene Expression; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D028061:Phosphate Transport Proteins; D028044:Phosphate-Binding Proteins; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D017354:Point Mutation; D051381:Rats; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D050608:Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins; D050611:Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type III; D027981:Symporters; D014162:Transfection
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D028061:Phosphate Transport Proteins; D028044:Phosphate-Binding Proteins; D010710:Phosphates; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C493586:SLC20A1 protein, human; C493587:Slc20a1 protein, mouse; C493588:Slc20a1 protein, rat; C493565:Slc20a2 protein, mouse; C493566:Slc20a2 protein, rat; D050608:Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins; D050611:Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type III; D027981:Symporters; C067981:leukemia virus receptor, gibbon ape