Prenatal diagnosis of Sjögren-Larsson syndrome using enzymatic methods.
Sjögren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the presence of congenital ichthyosis, mental retardation, and spasticity. The primary biochemical defect in SLS has recently been identified to be a deficiency of fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH), which is a component of fatty alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase (FAO). We monitored four pregnancies at risk for SLS by measuring FAO and FALDH in cultured amniocytes or cultured chorionic villus cells. The enzymatic results in one case using amniocytes obtained during the second trimester predicted an affected SLS fetus, which was confirmed at termination of the pregnancy. Another at-risk fetus was predicted to be affected with SLS using cultured chorionic villus cells obtained in the first trimester, and fetal skin fibroblasts confirmed a profound deficiency of FAO and FALDH. Two other fetuses were correctly predicted to be unaffected. These results demonstrate that SLS can be diagnosed prenatally using enzymatic methods.
Rizzo
W B
WB
Department of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298.
Craft
D A
DA
Kelson
T L
TL
Bonnefont
J P
JP
Saudubray
J M
JM
Schulman
J D
JD
Black
S H
SH
Tabsh
K
K
Dirocco
M
M
Gardner
R J
RJ
D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D000649:Amniocentesis; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D002824:Chorionic Villi / Q000201:enzymology; D015193:Chorionic Villi Sampling; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D016111:Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000201:enzymology
D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C065402:long-chain-alcohol dehydrogenase; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; C038828:long-chain-aldehyde dehydrogenase