Ligands for EPH-related receptor tyrosine kinases that require membrane attachment or clustering for activity.
The EPH-related transmembrane tyrosine kinases constitute the largest known family of receptor-like tyrosine kinases, with many members displaying specific patterns of expression in the developing and adult nervous system. A family of cell surface-bound ligands exhibiting distinct, but overlapping, specificities for these EPH-related kinases was identified. These ligands were unable to act as conventional soluble factors. However, they did function when presented in membrane-bound form, suggesting that they require direct cell-to-cell contact to activate their receptors. Membrane attachment may serve to facilitate ligand dimerization or aggregation, because antibody-mediated clustering activated previously inactive soluble forms of these ligands.
Davis
S
S
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10591.
Gale
N W
NW
Aldrich
T H
TH
Maisonpierre
P C
PC
Lhotak
V
V
Pawson
T
T
Goldfarb
M
M
Yancopoulos
G D
GD
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D036382:Ephrin-A1; D036387:Ephrin-B1; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D036123:Receptor, EphA5; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015682:Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic / Q000378:metabolism*; D012995:Solubility; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D050807:ets-Domain Protein Elk-1
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C090242:EHK1 ligand; D036382:Ephrin-A1; D036387:Ephrin-B1; D008024:Ligands; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D015682:Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic; D014157:Transcription Factors; D050807:ets-Domain Protein Elk-1; C484173:EPHA5 protein, human; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D036123:Receptor, EphA5