NF-kappa B-independent activation of beta-interferon expression in mouse F9 embryonal carcinoma cells.
We have examined the behaviour of the beta-interferon promoter in mouse F9 embryonal carcinoma cells. In undifferentiated cells, the beta-interferon promoter is not responsive to dsRNA or to Sendai virus. In cells stimulated to differentiate into parietal endoderm by treatment with retinoic acid, the beta-interferon promoter responds to both inducers, but only Sendai virus can activate the transcription factor NF-kappa B previously thought to be essential for beta-interferon induction. Differentiated F9 cells therefore present an unprecedented situation in which induction of the beta-interferon gene does not require NF-kappa B. In addition to these differences, induction by dsRNA, but not by Sendai virus, is significantly enhanced by a pretreatment with interferon (priming). These observations suggest that paramyxo-viruses can participate in beta-interferon induction in a manner that is distinct from a simple generator of dsRNA. Analysis of the promoter requirements for induction in differentiated F9 cells suggests that induction is brought about by a novel mechanism using the currently identified regulatory domains.
Gene Expression Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London, UK.
M J
MJ
Ellis
S
S
Goodbourn
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D054278:Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000235:genetics*; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D010222:Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000494:pharmacology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000494:pharmacology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D016328:NF-kappa B; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D014212:Tretinoin; D016899:Interferon-beta; D011070:Poly I-C