Bone formation under the influence of bone morphogenetic protein/self-setting apatite cement composite as a delivery system.
Self-setting apatite cement (apatite cement) with a phase of hydroxyapatite (HAP) was employed as a delivery system for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP). A composite of BMP and apatite cement (BMP/HAP composite) was implanted both in thigh muscle and surgically created defect of a critical size of 5 mm, which is a size that does not heal spontaneously in the femur of mice, to evaluate its osteogenetic potential as an augmentation and reconstructive material for clinical usage. The histological and immunohistochemical assessment of proteoglycans reiterated osteogenesis in the muscle tissue. On day 14 postimplantation of BMP/HAP composite, chondroid tissue was formed in the muscle, and HAP particles were seen in newly formed chondroid tissue. On the 21st day, endo-chondral ossification had occurred, however, small HAP particles remained in the newly formed bone, i.e., HAP particles and newly formed osseous tissues coexisted in a central area. BMP/HAP composite was incorporated by newly formed osseous tissue in the experimented animals. HAP particle found in BMP/HAP composite implanted into the bone defect was resorbed and replaced by osseous tissue. The apatite cement was proved to have advantages for its shaping as well as collapsing properties, and thus, apatite cement containing BMP is suggested as a favorable augmentation material in clinical usage for delivery system of BMP.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu, Japan.
A
A
Kamegai
N
N
Shimamura
K
K
Naitou
K
K
Nagahara
N
N
Kanematsu
M
M
Mori
D000818:Animals; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D002356:Cartilage / Q000473:pathology; D002417:Cattle; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000032:analysis; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D017886:Durapatite / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D005269:Femur / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006097:Granulation Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007632:Keratan Sulfate / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011506:Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology
D001843:Bone Cements; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D006133:Growth Substances; D011506:Proteins; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D007632:Keratan Sulfate; D017886:Durapatite