Mental comparison of visually presented two-digit numbers: a P300 study.
Comparison processes were investigated in a multiple-stimulus paradigm with a pseudo-random sequence of visually presented numbers 11 to 20. The subjects' task was to compare each current number with the preceding one and to indicate whether it was larger or smaller. ERPs were selectively averaged for the 10 number stimuli, for three functional conditions according to the information the numbers provide about the ensuing response and for the differences between consecutive numbers. P300 amplitude averaged for each number stimulus showed a U-shaped trend with largest amplitudes for the numbers 11 and 20. It was found that P300 amplitudes change with the amount of information the current number is delivering for the ensuing response. This information delivery is related to the processing in the subsequent trial, as revealed by a negative correlation between P300 in the current trial and RT in the ensuing trial. Reaction times decreased significantly with increasing difference between the current number and the preceding one. This symbolic distance effect was not found for P300 parameters. The dissociation between RT and P300 data provides evidence for the assumption that under the present experimental conditions informational transaction leading to the distance effect occur after the elicitation of P300.
Grune
K
K
Federal Institute for Occupational Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
Ullsperger
P
P
Mölle
M
M
Mecklinger
A
A
D000328:Adult; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological / Q000502:physiology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008606:Mental Processes / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology