Past-life identities, UFO abductions, and satanic ritual abuse: the social construction of memories.
People sometimes fantasize entire complex scenarios and later define these experiences as memories of actual events rather than as imaginings. This article examines research associated with three such phenomena: past-life experiences, UFO alien contact and abduction, and memory reports of childhood ritual satanic abuse. In each case, elicitation of the fantasy events is frequently associated with hypnotic procedures and structured interviews which provide strong and repeated demands for the requisite experiences, and which then legitimate the experiences as "real memories." Research associated with these phenomena supports the hypothesis that recall is reconstructive and organized in terms of current expectations and beliefs.
Spanos
N P
NP
Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Burgess
C A
CA
Burgess
M F
MF
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000523:psychology*; D005201:Fantasy; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination; D011939:Mental Recall; D012094:Repression, Psychology; D012925:Social Conformity; D012931:Social Environment; D014342:Truth Disclosure; D018599:Witchcraft