Deficits in shock-induced freezing and naltrexone enhancement of freezing in fawn hooded rats.
When a rat is returned to a context associated with mild electric foot shock (1 mA/0.75 s), the environmental cues elicit a species-specific defensive behavior termed freezing. Genetically divergent strains of rats given identical shock conditioning differ in the degree of freezing observed. The acquisition of freezing appears to be mediated, at least in part, by endogenous opioids since the duration that a rat spends freezing is increased by pretreatment prior to training with naltrexone (NTX), an opioid receptor antagonist. The objective of the present studies was to compare the shock-induced freezing and its enhancement with NTX in two unique strains of rats, viz., N/Nih and Fawn Hooded (FH), with that seen in the more commonly employed Sprague-Dawley strain (SPD). Age-matched female rats from these three strains were observed for freezing after shock conditioning. Separate groups of rats from each strain were treated with NTX (7.0 mg/kg) prior to shock. Vehicle (VEH; 0.9% saline)-treated SPD and N/Nih rats were observed freezing for approximately 30% of the testing duration, whereas FH rats froze for only 15% of the test duration. NTX-treated SPD and N/Nih rats displayed an equivalent 130% increase in freezing in comparison to their respective saline controls. Freezing in NTX treated FH rats did not differ from VEH. Collectively, these results suggest that the level of freezing and NTX enhancement of freezing in the N/Nih rat strain are equivalent to SPD. In comparison, FH rats show deficits in freezing and are insensitive to NTX enhancement of freezing.
Department of Pharmacology, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown 44272-0095.
D J
DJ
Calcagnetti
M D
MD
Schechter
D000818:Animals; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000187:drug effects*; D004597:Electroshock; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D009271:Naltrexone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
D009271:Naltrexone