Transport of beta-alanine and biosynthesis of carnosine by skeletal muscle cells in primary culture.
Uptake of beta-alanine and synthesis of carnosine (beta-alanyl-histidine) could be demonstrated in primary cell cultures derived from embryonic chick pectoral muscle. Concomitant with the morphological changes, cessation of cell division and the induction of creatine kinase, a rapid increase in the rate of beta-alanine uptake and also in the rate of carnosine synthesis could be observed. The uptake of beta-alanine is sodium and chloride dependent and obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics with Km values of about 40 microM that are essentially identical for myoblasts and myotubes. In contrast, Vmax increases considerably during differentiation. The beta-alanine transport system is highly specific for beta-amino acids and exhibits a substantial anion dependency (Cl- > J- > CSN- > SO(4)2-). Stoichiometric studies suggest that the transport of one beta-alanine molecule involves two sodium ions and one chloride ion. This ratio is not altered by the process of cell differentiation.
Bakardjiev
A
A
Max-Planck-Institut für experimentelle Endokrinologie, Hannover, Germany.
Bauer
K
K
D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002336:Carnosine / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017136:Ion Transport; D007700:Kinetics; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015091:beta-Alanine / Q000378:metabolism*
D015091:beta-Alanine; D002336:Carnosine; D004247:DNA; D003402:Creatine Kinase