MR imaging of the musculoskeletal system: technical considerations for enhancing image quality and diagnostic yield.
MR imaging has revolutionized the diagnostic evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders, becoming the study of choice for many indications. Without the use of ionizing radiation, MR imaging can safely produce high-contrast, high-resolution cross-sectional images of the body in virtually any imaging plane. To maximize the diagnostic information of musculoskeletal MR studies, the radiologist must consistently produce the highest quality images possible, which in turn depends on a complex interaction among multiple technical factors. We present our perspectives on some of these factors, stressing the impact each has for specific indications. The material presented herein should be viewed as guidelines for improving image quality and diagnostic yield. However, individual systems and applications vary considerably, and the radiologist must "fine-tune" protocols to reflect the available resources, patient population, and preferences of the referring clinicians.
Rubin
D A
DA
Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
Kneeland
J B
JB
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation; D009068:Movement; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011187:Posture; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012984:Software