title: Synergistic growth inhibitory and differentiating effects of trimidox and tiazofurin in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells.
abstract: Increased ribonucleotide reductase (RR) activity has been linked with malignant transformation and tumor cell growth. Therefore, this enzyme is considered to be an excellent target for cancer chemotherapy. We have examined the effects of a newly patented RR inhibitor, trimidox (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzohydroxamidoxime). Trimidox inhibited the growth of human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells with an IC50 of 35 mumol/L. Incubation of HL-60 cells with 50 mumol/L trimidox for 24 hours decreased deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP) and deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) pools to 24% and 39% of control values, respectively. Incubation of HL-60 cells with 20 to 80 mumol/L trimidox even up to a period of 4 days did not alter the distribution of cells in different phases of cell cycle. Sequential incubation of HL-60 cells with trimidox (25 mumol/L) for 24 hours and then with 10 mumol/L tiazofurin (an inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase) for 4 days produced synergistic growth inhibitory activity, and the cell number decreased to 16% of untreated controls. When differentiation-linked cell surface marker expressions were determined in cells treated with trimidox and tiazofurin, a significantly increased fluorescence intensity was observed for the CD 11b (2.9-fold). CD 33 (1.9-fold), and HLA-D cell surface antigens. Expression of the transferrin receptor (CD71) increased 7.3-fold in cells treated with both agents, compared with untreated controls. Our results suggest that trimidox in combination with tiazofurin might be useful in the treatment of leukemia.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Chemistry, University of Vienna Medical School, Ca 51770.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Szekeres
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fritzer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Strobl
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gharehbaghi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Findenig
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Elford
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lhotka
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Schoen
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Jayaram
mesh_terms: D001550:Benzamidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003854:Deoxyribonucleotides / Q000032:analysis; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D007168:IMP Dehydrogenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000473:pathology*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012264:Ribonucleotide Reductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012265:Ribonucleotides / Q000032:analysis; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C074761:3,4,5-trihydroxybenzamidoxime; D001550:Benzamidines; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D003854:Deoxyribonucleotides; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012265:Ribonucleotides; D012254:Ribavirin; D007168:IMP Dehydrogenase; D012264:Ribonucleotide Reductases; C033706:tiazofurin