title: Opioid receptors modulate diverse types of calcium channels in the nucleus tractus solitarius of the rat.
abstract: We have investigated the coupling between opioid receptors and different types of Ca2+ channels in neurons acutely isolated from the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) of the rat. Using fura-2-based imaging we found that Ca2+ transients evoked by depolarization with 50 mM KCl were suppressed by the mu-opioid receptor agonist D-Ala2,N-MePhe4,Gly5-ol-enkephalin (DAMGO) and less effectively by the kappa-receptor agonist U-69,593. The delta-receptor agonist D-Pen2,D-Pen5-enkephalin (DPDPE) was ineffective. In whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings from these neurons, depolarizing voltage steps elicited high-threshold Ca2+ currents that could be distinguished pharmacologically into different components. Part of the current could be blocked by dihydropyridines, part by omega-conotoxin-GVIA and part by omega-agatoxin-IVA. This suggests that the neurons contained L-, N-, and P/Q-type Ca2+ channels. DAMGO and U-69,593 both blocked part of the Ca2+ current but DPDPE was ineffective. Perfusion of GTP-gamma-S into the cells produced a rapid rundown of the Ca2+ current and occluded further effects of the opioid agonists, suggesting the involvement of a G-protein in the coupling mechanism. Inhibition of L-channels did not alter the effect of DAMGO. On the other hand inhibition of N-channels occluded about 80% of the effect of DAMGO. Inhibition of the P/Q-current occluded the remainder of the DAMGO effect. Thus, it appears that activation of opioid receptors can inhibit N- and P/Q-type Ca2+ channels but not L-channels in these cells. It is likely that such effects are important in opioid-mediated inhibition of transmitter release in the brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rhim
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D002469:Cell Separation; D004056:Differential Threshold; D020875:Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; D020881:Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; D004745:Enkephalins / Q000494:pharmacology; D005071:Evoked Potentials; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D004745:Enkephalins; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu; D020875:Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; D020881:Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D002118:Calcium