Interaction between transcription factors Sp1 and YY1.
A basal level of transcription is usually observed when all but a small region of DNA has been deleted from a eukaryotic gene promoter. These promoter elements, which are necessary and sufficient for specific transcription initiation, are referred to as minimal or core promoter elements. One element that is commonly present in a core promoter is the initiator. It has been demonstrated that the presence of Sp1 binding sites can greatly enhance the level of transcription initiation at initiator elements. A binding site for the YY1 transcription factor, located at the initiation site of the adeno-associated virus P5 promoter, functions as an initiator element; a synergistic enhancement of its activity is observed in vitro when upstream Sp1 binding sites are present. Here we report that this synergistic activation probably occurs through protein-protein interactions.
Seto
E
E
Department of Cellular & Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78245-3207.
Lewis
B
B
Shenk
T
T
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000229:Dependovirus / Q000235:genetics; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster; D050981:Erythroid-Specific DNA-Binding Factors; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics; D006367:HeLa Cells; D017405:Herpes Simplex Virus Protein Vmw65 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D050986:YY1 Transcription Factor
D004279:DNA, Viral; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050981:Erythroid-Specific DNA-Binding Factors; D017405:Herpes Simplex Virus Protein Vmw65; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors; D050986:YY1 Transcription Factor; C494698:YY1 protein, human; D005982:Glutathione Transferase