title: Dose finding with a novel recombinant plasminogen activator (BM 06.022) in patients with acute myocardial infarction: results of the German Recombinant Plasminogen Activator Study. A study of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the appropriate dose of a novel recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (BM 06.022) for thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  BM 06.022 is a mutant of tissue-type plasminogen activator expressed in Escherichia coli that can be given as a single bolus because of a prolonged half-life, which might obviate the need for complicated regimens.
  
  
  METHODS
  BM 06.022 given as a single bolus was investigated in 142 patients in a multicenter sequential dose-finding study. Efficacy of the drug was assessed from infarct-related artery patency by coronary angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With the first dose of 10 MU of BM 06.022, the predefined minimal 90-min patency of 70% was not achieved, as indicated by the sequential probability ratio test after treatment of 42 patients (group A). The second dose of 15 MU of BM 06.022 was given subsequently in the preset maximum of 100 patients (group B). Angiography 30, 60 and 90 min after the bolus injection of BM 06.022 revealed a patent infarct-related artery (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction trial [TIMI] grade 2 or 3) in 65% and 66%, 73% and 74% and 66% and 75% of patients in groups A and B, respectively. Very early reocclusion up to the 90-min angiogram occurred in 17% and 13%, late reocclusion until predischarge angiography occurred in 7% and 5%, and rescue percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty after the 90-min angiogram was performed in 6 and 14 patients in groups A and B, respectively. Plasma fibrinogen decreased from 2.79 g/liter (range 0.94 to 4.75) to 1.69 g/liter (range 0.0 to 3.95) in group A and from 2.54 g/liter (range 0.0 to 5.02) to 0.92 g/liter (range 0.0 to 2.68) in group B. Two bleeding complications requiring transfusion or surgical intervention and one nonfatal intracranial hemorrhage were encountered. Eight patients had a reinfarction, and five patients died, all of cardiac causes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With BM 06.022 given as a single bolus, a high early patency rate of the infarct-related coronary artery can be achieved. The speed of thrombolysis seems to be superior to standard thrombolytic drugs. The compound warrants further evaluation with respect to safety and efficacy by clinical end points.
authors.affiliation: Städtische Kliniken Kassel, Medizinische Klinik II, Germany.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Neuhaus
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: von Essen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vogt
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Tebbe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rustige
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Appel
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Stienen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: König
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meyer-Sabellek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000187:drug effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005858:Germany; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013997:Time Factors; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006493:Heparin; C087896:reteplase; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D005996:Nitroglycerin