title: Comparison of Irlen scotopic sensitivity syndrome test results to academic and visual performance data.
abstract: Irlen has defined a condition called Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome (SSS) that is associated with reading problems. According to Irlen, SSS can be treated by the use of colored filters, but there is disagreement about the existence of SSS and the efficacy of colored filter therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine children participated in the study: 24 were academically normal, nine had specific reading problems, and six had problems in multiple academic areas. SSS levels and preferred overlay colors were determined. Optometric test data were also available for each subject.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant relationships were found between academic classification and degree of SSS. There were also no significant relationships between preferred overlay color and any other variables. There was, however, a significant tendency for subjects with higher SSS levels to be candidates for vision therapy and to derive greater benefit from the colored overlays.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many questions about the use of colored filters for the treatment of reading problems remain unanswered. Among these are questions dealing with whether the M-pathway anomalies found in some dyslexics are also present to a lesser degree in other cases of reading disabilities, and how colored filters could re-balance the M- and P-pathways. Is it the color of the filter itself that is critical, or is it the change in luminance or contrast produced by the filter that seems to make it easier for some subjects to read? More research will be needed to answer these questions.
authors.affiliation: College of Optometry, Pacific University, Forest Grove, OR 97116.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Yolton
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kohl
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Saxerud
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003116:Color; D004410:Dyslexia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D009907:Optometry / Q000379:methods; D012684:Sensory Thresholds; D013577:Syndrome; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*