title: Percutaneous absorption of diclofenac in healthy volunteers after single and repeated topical application of diclofenac Emulgel.
abstract: The percutaneous absorption of diclofenac was studied in ten healthy volunteers treated with Emulgel containing 1.16% diclofenac diethylammonium for 8 d as follows: a single application of 5 g Emulgel on days 1 and 8, and two applications d-1 on days 2-7. Plasma concentration profiles of unchanged diclofenac and urinary concentrations of total diclofenac and metabolites (sum of free and conjugated) were determined. High inter-individual variations in plasma and urine data were recorded, due probably to the permeability and the hydration of the skin. Steady state was reached after 2 d of twice-daily administration. Plasma concentrations were low but remained in the range 10-50 nmol L-1 over the full day for most of the subjects, indicating prolonged absorption from the application site.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoires Ciba-Geigy, Biopharmaceutical Research Centre, Rueil-Malmaison, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sioufi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pommier
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boschet
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Godbillon
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lavoignat
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Salliere
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004655:Emulsions; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012869:Skin Absorption
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D005782:Gels; D004008:Diclofenac