title: Novel therapies for acute respiratory failure.
abstract: Mortality in acute respiratory failure in the non-neonatal pediatric patient has not changed substantially in 20 years, despite advances and refinements in conventional therapeutic strategies and technology. A host of innovative therapies are currently in various stages of investigation, including high frequency ventilation, pressure control ventilation, permissive hypercapnia, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, exogenous surfactant administration, inhaled nitric oxide, and liquid ventilation. While none of these therapies has yet been prospectively studied in non-neonatal pediatric patients, all show much promise by virtue of their emphasis on either directly addressing pathophysiologic derangements associated with acute respiratory failure or by reducing the complications associated with conventional therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Memphis.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ring
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Stidham
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003422:Critical Care; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010372:Pediatrics; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide