title: Effect of avian influenza virus infection on the phagocytic function of systemic phagocytes and pulmonary macrophages of turkeys.
abstract: The effects of avian influenza virus (AIV) infection on systemic phagocytes and pulmonary macrophages of turkeys were studied. There was a significant increase (P < 0.0001) in oxidative burst in systemic phagocytes of AIV-inoculated turkeys on 2, 4, 6, and 8 days postinoculation (PI), as measured by chemiluminescence. There was also a significant increase (P < 0.02) in oxidative burst in pulmonary macrophages on day 4 PI. The chemiluminescence response was depressed on 6, 8, and 10 days PI in AIV-inoculated turkeys compared with controls. The increase in oxidative response in both systemic phagocytes and pulmonary macrophages correlated with the peak virus titer in the lungs and trachea of AIV-inoculated inoculated turkeys. Bacterial killing by pulmonary macrophages from AIV-inoculated turkeys was reduced on days 6 and 10 PI compared with uninoculated controls. Histopathological changes in trachea were more pronounced on day 6 PI in AIV-inoculated turkeys; no significant changes were detected in the lungs. These data indicate that compromised functional capacity of pulmonary macrophages predisposes turkeys to secondary bacterial infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kodihalli
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sivanandan
authors.forename: K V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Nagaraja
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Halvorson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004926:Escherichia coli; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000502:physiology*; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D014132:Trachea / Q000473:pathology; D014422:Turkeys