title: Assessment of chewing efficiency: a comparison of particle size distribution determined using optical scanning and sieving of almonds.
abstract: Particle sizes obtained with progressive chewing cycles were quantified by use of an optical scanning device and compared with the sieving method. The aim of this study was to validate the optical method by comparison with sieving using a natural test food, almond. Masticatory efficiency was assessed in six dentate subjects. The almonds were chewed for 1, 4, 8, 16 and 32 chewing strokes. Each experiment was replicated. The chewed material was sieved through a 1 mm aperture sieve on a Büchner funnel and dried after washing with water and 100% alcohol. The dried particles were weighed and scanned by an optical scanning device for number and size. The same samples were sieved and weighed with a conventional sieve method. The results of both methods were described by particle size distributions based on the volume of particles. The results derived from the optical scanning and sieving showed similarity. It can be concluded that the optical method is simple to use, faster than sieving and needs little skill in the use of equipment. The comparison of the results validates both methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, London Hospital Medical College.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mowlana
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Heath
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Van der Bilt
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Van der Glas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004526:Efficiency; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008297:Male; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology*; D009754:Nuts; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D010316:Particle Size; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated