title: An antitumor, branched (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan from a water extract of fruiting bodies of Cryptoporus volvatus.
abstract: A water-soluble, (1-->6)-branched (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan (H-3-B) was isolated from a hot-water extract of the fruiting bodies of the fungus, Cryptoporus volvatus (Basidiomycetes). Enzymatic analysis using exo-(1-->3)-beta-D-glucanase and methylation analysis indicated that this polysaccharide has a main chain composed of beta-(1-->3)-linked D-glucopyranosyl residues, and single, beta-(1-->6)-linked D-glucopyranosyl residues attached as side chains to, on average, every fourth sugar residue of the main chain. This structure was confirmed by 13C NMR spectra of the glucan in Me2SO-d6. The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of H-3-B was determined to be 44.0 x 10(4) by gel permeation chromatography equipped with a low-angle laser-light-scattering photometer. The electron microscopic observations showed that H-3-B and its sonicated sample (S-H-3-B, Mw = 13.7 x 10(4)) can be described as linear worm-like chains. The mass per unit length for native and sonicated H-3-B was determined to be 1750 and 1780 g mol-1 nm-1, respectively, from the contour lengths obtained by electron microscopy and the molecular weights. These values are in good agreement with that expected for the triple stranded structure. A sample denatured in 0.1 M NaOH and subsequently renatured by neutralization showed a mixture of linear and cyclic structures, and larger aggregates with less well-defined morphology. The H-3-B and S-H-3-B had antitumor activity against the Sarcoma 180 tumor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyoto Prefectural University, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tabata
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elgsaeter
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Stokke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D005936:Glucans / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008027:Light; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis*; D012510:Sarcoma 180 / Q000188:drug therapy; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012566:Sizofiran / Q000494:pharmacology; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005936:Glucans; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water; D012566:Sizofiran