title: Insulin-like growth factors activate estrogen receptor to control the growth and differentiation of the human neuroblastoma cell line SK-ER3.
abstract: The neuroblastoma cell line SK-ER3, which is stably transfected with the estrogen receptor (ER), was used to study the effect of insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II) on growth and morphological differentiation induced by estrogens. The data demonstrate that insulin and related growth factors control the growth and morphological differentiation of the cell line expressing the ER, but not of the parental cell line. Effects elicited by the growth factors in SK-ER3 cells can be blocked by ER antagonists. Transient transfection studies further confirm an effect of the IGFs in modulation of ER-activated promoters. The results presented support the hypothesis of the existence of cross-talk between membrane and intracellular receptors and provide evidence for physiological consequences of the activation of such a pathway of communication. The present study is of particular interest with regard to the theory of prenatal involvement of the ER in maturation of nerve cells. It could, in fact, be hypothesized that IGF-I and IGF-II, present in high concentrations in the developing brain, might activate the ER expressed in several embryonic brain nuclei.
authors.affiliation: Milano Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, Italy.
authors.forename: Z Q
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santagati
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Patrone
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pollio
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vegeto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maggi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004958:Estradiol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004967:Estrogens / Q000502:physiology; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000473:pathology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D013876:Thiophenes; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D004958:Estradiol; C025430:LY 117018; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II