title: Salaried and fee-for-service general practitioners: is there a difference in patient turnover?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare use of working hours, patient turnover, and patient characteristics in two general practitioner groups which differed in contractual arrangements and income levels (partly fee-for-service vs. salary).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study of all patient contacts during one week.
  
  
  METHODS
  All general practitioners (GPs) in Oslo (N = 263) with contracts with the municipality. 83% participated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Time spent in various types of work and patient turnover; the number of patients seen per hour of consultation time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fee-for-service GPs worked almost exclusively with patients in their own practice, while salaried GPs spent more time out of office (consultation-based patient work constituting 55% of the working hours). The fee-for-service group registered on average 2.68 consultations per hour of patient contact (95% confidence interval: 2.51-2.84). The corresponding numbers for the salaried group were 2.37 (2.24-2.50). Salaried GPs had somewhat more telephone consultations per hour (2.01 vs 1.66 for fee-for-service GPs), leaving a picture of two GP groups with small differences in patient turnover. The two patient populations were remarkably similar and so was the general practitioners' own evaluation of the consultations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over a number of years the GPs in Oslo have practised under different contractual arrangements. As a consequence of different expectations and incentives it was expected that consultation activity and patient populations had evolved differently. This proved not to be the case.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Public Health, Unit of Health Services Research, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bjørndal
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arntzen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Johansen
mesh_terms: D001071:Appointments and Schedules; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005194:Family Practice / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018588:Fee-for-Service Plans; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012456:Salaries and Fringe Benefits; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016526:Workload