title: Should probenecid be used to reduce the dicloxacillin dosage in orthopaedic infections? A study of the dicloxacillin-saving effect of probenecid.
abstract: Reduction in the dosage of dicloxacillin from 500 mg to 250 mg 3 times a day would mean lowering of costs and less side-effects in orthopaedic infections. In this cross-over study, the serum concentrations of dicloxacillin were measured in 9 patients after administration of dicloxacillin 500 mg 3 times a day (dicloxacillin 500 mg) and after co-administration of 250 mg dicloxacillin and 250 mg probenecid 3 times per day (dicloxacillin 250 mg+probenecid 250 mg). Concentrations were measured every hour after the tablet intake. The mean maximum serum concentrations of dicloxacillin were 17.1 micrograms/ml (dicloxacillin 500 mg) and 12.2 micrograms/ml (dicloxacillin 250 mg+probenecid 250 mg), respectively (P < 0.05). Serum concentrations above 3 micrograms/ml were obtained during 285 min. in both regimes, but the individual variations were biggest during in the dicloxacillin 250 mg+probenecid 250 mg treatment. Serum concentrations above 5 micrograms/ml were in mean measured during 228 min. (dicloxacillin 500 mg) and 190 min. (dicloxacillin 250 mg+probenecid 250 mg), respectively (P < 0.05). The clinical significance of these findings is being discussed. In theory, treatment with dicloxacillin 250 mg+probenecid 250 mg may be as sufficient as dicloxacillin 500 mg.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Krogsgaard
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Slotsbjerg
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jensen
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D001682:Biological Availability; D004009:Dicloxacillin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000191:economics; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D009985:Orthopedics; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011339:Probenecid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000191:economics; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D004009:Dicloxacillin; D011339:Probenecid