title: Assessing health-related quality of life in elderly outpatients: telephone versus face-to-face administration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  While health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is increasingly being used as an outcome in clinical trials, it is unknown whether HRQOL assessments are influenced by the method of administration. Within the context of a randomized, controlled trial evaluating a pharmacist intervention for elderly outpatients prescribed at least five medications, we compared telephone and face-to-face administration of the SF-36, a widely used HRQOL measure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  General Medicine Clinic, Veterans Affairs Medical Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  At entry, participants in the randomized trial received continuous care from a general medicine clinic physician, were > or = 65 years of age, and were prescribed > or = 5 regularly scheduled medications. Patients were excluded if they were cognitively impaired and had no caregiver available to participate in the study as a proxy or if they resided in a nursing home.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects completed the SF-36 by telephone at closeout and face-to-face at clinic visits within 1 month (mean = 16.7 days).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Telephone administration required significantly less time than face-to-face interviews (10.2 vs 14.0 minutes, P < 0.001). Although systematic differences between modes of administration were generally small, there were substantial nonsystematic discrepancies for all eight SF-36 scales (mean absolute difference scores ranged from 10.8 to 30.1). Discrepancies were greatest for emotional role functioning, physical role functioning, social functioning, and bodily pain; these four scales also demonstrated low to moderate correlations (.33 to .58).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The two modes of administration may not produce interchangeable results. Researchers should be cautious when mixing modes of administration to elderly patients.
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, NC.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weinberger
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nagle
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hanlon
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Samsa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schmader
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Landsman
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Uttech
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Cowper
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Feussner
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D001828:Body Image; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007407:Interviews as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012380:Role; D013689:Telephone