The Barbados Eye Study. Prevalence of open angle glaucoma.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the design of the Barbados Eye Study and report on the prevalence of open angle glaucoma (OAG) in a predominantly black study population.


METHODS
Population-based prevalence study.


METHODS
Residents of Barbados, West Indies, identified from a simple random sample of Barbadian-born citizens 40 through 84 years old.


METHODS
Participants had a comprehensive study visit that included automated perimetry, applanation tonometry, and fundus photography; persons with specific examination findings, as well as a 10% sample of participants, were referred for an ophthalmologic examination and additional tests.


RESULTS
A diagnosis of OAG required both visual field and optic disc criteria for glaucoma damage after excluding other causes.


RESULTS
The 4709 participants (83.5% of those eligible) had demographic characteristics that were similar to the census population. Of the 4631 participants who were tested at the study site, 95% completed Humphrey automated perimetry and 97% had photographic or clinical disc gradings; 93% of those referred completed the ophthalmologic examination. In this adult population, the prevalence of OAG by self-reported race was 7.0% (302/4314) in black, 3.3% (6/184) in mixed-race, and 0.8% (1/133) in white or other participants. In black and mixed-race participants, the prevalence reached 12% at age 60 years and older and was higher in men (8.3%) than in women (5.7%), with an age-adjusted male-female ratio of 1.4. In addition, over 3% of the participants were classified as having suspect OAG.


CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, the Barbados Eye Study is the largest glaucoma study ever conducted in a black population and identified more people with OAG than did any previous population study. The prevalence of OAG was high, especially at older ages and in men. Among participants 50 years old or older, one in 11 had OAG, and prevalence increased to one in six at age 70 years or older. The results highlight the public health importance of OAG in the Afro-Caribbean region and have implications for other populations.
Leske
M C
MC
School of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook.
Connell
A M
AM
Schachat
A P
AP
Hyman
L
L
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001460:Barbados / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010781:Photography; D015995:Prevalence; D044469:Racial Groups; D012307:Risk Factors; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular; D058609:Visual Field Tests; D014794:Visual Fields