title: A vulnerability-stress framework for evaluating clinical interventions in schizophrenia.
abstract: Symptom management and prevention of psychotic relapse are major treatment concerns in schizophrenia. Research shows a relationship between psychotic symptom levels and several intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental factors. These determinants are incorporated into an etiologic causal model of psychotic symptoms based on a vulnerability-stress framework. Then a multifaceted intervention model to influence symptom determinants is advanced, and examples of intervention elements are specified. Finally, a research agenda to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention model is described, and related methodologic issues are considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosocial Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: O'Connor
mesh_terms: D015984:Causality; D003419:Crisis Intervention / Q000379:methods*; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008960:Models, Psychological; D015399:Nursing Research; D010379:Peer Group; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000379:methods; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D012008:Recurrence; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012944:Social Support; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome