title: Post-exercise rehydration in man: effects of electrolyte addition to ingested fluids.
abstract: This study examined the effects on water balance of adding electrolytes to fluids ingested after exercise-induced dehydration. Eight healthy male volunteers were dehydrated by approximately 2% of body mass by intermittent cycle exercise. Over a 30-min period after exercise, subjects ingested one of the four test drinks of a volume equivalent to their body mass loss. Drink A was a 90 mmol.l-1 glucose solution; drink B contained 60 mmol.l-1 sodium chloride; drink C contained 25 mmol.l-1 potassium chloride; drink D contained 90 mmol.l-1 glucose, 60 mmol.l-1 sodium chloride and 25 mmol.l-1 potassium chloride. Treatment order was randomised. Blood and urine samples were obtained at intervals throughout the study; subjects remained fasted throughout. Plasma volume increased to the same extent after the rehydration period on all treatments. Serum electrolyte (Na+, K+ and Cl-) concentrations fell initially after rehydration before returning to their pre-exercise levels. Cumulative urine output was greater after ingestion of drink A than after ingestion of any of the other drinks. On the morning following the trial, subjects were in greater net negative fluid balance [mean (SEM); P < 0.02] on trial A [745 (130) ml] than on trials B [405 (51) ml], C [467 (87) ml] or D [407 (34) ml]. There were no differences at any time between the three electrolyte-containing solutions in urine output or net fluid balance. One hour after the end of the rehydration period, urine osmolality had fallen, with a significant treatment effect (P = 0.016); urine osmolality was lowest after ingestion of drink A.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: University Medical School, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, Scotland.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Maughan
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Owen
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Shirreffs
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Leiper
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002712:Chlorides / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010953:Plasma Volume; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015532:Rehydration Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014556:Urine; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D015532:Rehydration Solutions; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D012964:Sodium; D005947:Glucose; D011188:Potassium