title: [HAIR-AN syndrome].
abstract: Many clinical observations have suggested that there is a strong relationship between hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism. HAIR-AN syndrome is defined as a constellation of hyperandrogenism (HA), insulin resistance (IR), and acanthosis nigricans (AN). Two major mechanisms could account for this syndrome: (i) hyperinsulinemia induced by insulin resistance causes hyperandrogenism, and (ii) hyperandrogenism causes insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Acanthosis nigricans is considered to be an epiphenomenon caused by hyperinsulinemia. The causes of HAIR-AN syndrome include syndromes of extreme insulin resistance due to mutations in the insulin receptor gene, lipoatrophic diabetes, obesity, some endocrinopathies, and genetic and acquired ovarian hyperandrogenism.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kadowaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kadowaki
mesh_terms: D000052:Acanthosis Nigricans / Q000235:genetics*; D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017588:Hyperandrogenism / Q000235:genetics*; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000235:genetics*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D009154:Mutation; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000235:genetics*; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D011972:Receptor, Insulin