title: 1,25-Dihydroxy-24-OXO-16ene-vitamin D3, a renal metabolite of the vitamin D analog 1,25-dihydroxy-16ene-vitamin D3, exerts immunosuppressive activity equal to its parent without causing hypercalcemia in vivo.
abstract: The hormone, 1,25-(OH)2D3, is metabolized into 1,25-(OH)2-24-OXO-D3, in kidney prior to conversion to its final inactive product, calcitroic acid. Similarly, 1,25-(OH)2-24OXO-16eneD3, is produced in the kidney from the Vitamin D analog, 1,25-(OH)2-16eneD3, but resists further hydroxylation. The analog's metabolite was synthesized and its biologic activity compared to the parent compound. Naive SJL/J mice, 4 weeks old, were immunized with neuroantigen in adjuvant to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis [EAE]. Treatment with 1,25-(OH)2-24OXO-16eneD3 was given at 0.05, 0.15 and 0.3 microgram I.P., on alternate days, starting 3 days prior and for up to 5 days post immunization and compared to a similar treatment with 0.1 microgram 1,25-(OH)2D3 or 1,25-(OH)2-16eneD3. Suppression of EAE was observed with 0.15 microgram 1,25-(OH)2-24OXO-16eneD3, comparable to the suppression induced with the parent compound and more potent than 1,25-(OH)2D3. However, no hypercalcemia was seen in mice treated with 0.15 microgram of OXO-metabolite (9.7 +/- 0.6 vs 9.3 +/- 1.1 mg/dl, treated vs controls), in contrast to 1,25-(OH)2D3 and 1,25-(OH)2-16eneD3 (11.2 +/- 1.0 and 11.0 +/- 0.9 mg/dl respectively; p < 0.001). In summary, our results suggest that 1,25-(OH)2-24OXO-16eneD3, a stable intermediary metabolite of the vitamin D analog, 1,25-(OH)2-16eneD3 exerts immunosuppressive activity equal to its parent without causing hypercalcemia in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lemire
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Archer
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Reddy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D051379:Mice; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: C090785:1,25-dihydroxy-24-oxo-16-ene-vitamin D3; C087630:1,25-dihydroxy-16-ene-vitamin D3; D014807:Vitamin D; D002117:Calcitriol; D002118:Calcium