Pheochromocytoma as the first manifestation of von Hippel-Lindau disease.
BACKGROUND
von Hippel-Lindau disease is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the development of hemangioblastomas in the cerebellum, spinal cord, and retina, renal cell carcinoma and cysts, pancreatic cysts, and pheochromocytoma.


METHODS
We have studied a series of 36 French patients affected with von Hippel-Lindau disease pheochromocytoma. Thirty (83%) of them were diagnosed as having von Hippel-Lindau disease because the disease occurred in a familial von Hippel-Lindau disease setting; six (17%) were diagnosed as having von Hippel-Lindau disease because they displayed another characteristic manifestation of that disease.


RESULTS
The mean age at pheochromocytoma diagnosis was 29 +/- 14 years (5 to 62 years). Bilateral tumors were documented in 15 (42%) cases, paraganglioma was associated with adrenal pheochromocytoma in four cases, and malignant pheochromocytoma occurred in three cases. Prevalence of pheochromocytoma revealing von Hippel-Lindau disease was 20 (53%) out of 36. In six cases pheochromocytoma was the only manifestation of the disease.


CONCLUSIONS
In the interest of the patients themselves and of family members who are at risk, search for von Hippel-Lindau disease must be systematic in the presence of pheochromocytoma. Basic checkup may be completed with familial inquiry, ophthalmoscopy, cerebral magnetic resonance imaging, abdominal ultrasonography, and computed tomography-scan for detection of latent lesions. In the future, after characterization of von Hippel-Lindau disease gene mutations, molecular diagnosis is going to be possible in individual patients.
Richard
S
S
EPHE, La Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
Beigelman
C
C
Duclos
J M
JM
Fendler
J P
JP
Plauchu
H
H
Plouin
P F
PF
Resche
F
F
Schlumberger
M
M
Vermesse
B
B
Proye
C
C
D000293:Adolescent; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010375:Pedigree; D010673:Pheochromocytoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006623:von Hippel-Lindau Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics