title: Airway reopening pressure in isolated rat lungs.
abstract: In a previous modeling study, we predicted that the yield pressure for airway reopening (Pyield) should depend on airway fluid surface tension (gamma) and airway radius (R), according to the relationship Pyield = 8.3 gamma/R. To test this prediction, we studied tantalum bronchograms of isolated perfused rat lungs from three rats by using microfocal X-ray imaging. Thirty-two airways with diameters ranging from 300 to 2,400 microns were recorded as the airways were collapsed and reinflated. Airway pressure was reduced transiently to -40 cmH2O to produce airway closure. Airway pressure was then slowly increased from 0 to 25 cmH2O. In each airway, the observed diameter remained constant until a Pyield was reached; at this pressure, airways were seen to "pop" open, allowing clear identification of airway reopening pressure. When Pyield was plotted against diameter at maximum inflation, the experimental data were in approximate agreement with predictions of Pyield made assuming a gamma of 35 dyn/cm. The close correspondence of the measured values with these predictions suggests that surfactant is present in these airways and facilitates airway reopening.
authors.affiliation: University of Chicago, Illinois 60637.
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Naureckas
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Gerber
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Gaver
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Gerber
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Linehan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Solway
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Samsel
mesh_terms: D015060:1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine; D000399:Air Pressure; D000818:Animals; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008168:Lung / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D011859:Radiography; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D013500:Surface Tension; D013635:Tantalum
chemical_list: D015060:1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine; D013635:Tantalum