title: Comparison of tiletamine-zolazepam-ketamine and tiletamine-zolazepam-ketamine-xylazine anaesthesia in sheep.
abstract: The anaesthetic effects of intravenous tiletamine-zolazepam 6.6 mg/kg-ketamine 6.6 mg/kg (TK) and tiletamine-zolazepam 6.6 mg/kg-ketamine 6.6 mg/kg-xylazine 0.11 mg/kg (TKX) were evaluated in six wethers. Heart rate, respiration rate, arterial blood pressure, and the electrocardiogram were monitored during anaesthesia. Analgesia was tested by electrical stimulation in the left flank. Atropine (0.03 mg/kg) was given intramuscularly before induction, but after recording of baseline heart rate and respiratory rate. The duration of analgesia was 28.7 +/- 6.9 min with TK and 82.8 +/- 26.6 min with TKX. Heart rate increased significantly within 5 min after TK or TKX administration. Respiratory rate remained unchanged after TK administration, but increased significantly from 5 to 45 min after TKX administration. Arterial blood pressure decreased significantly at 15 min with TK and 30 min with TKX. Sheep remained recumbent for 201 min with TK and 166 min with TKX. All recovered uneventfully. We conclude that either TK or TKX may be used for anaesthetising sheep.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal Surgery and Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849-5522.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Tyler
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Robbins
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Thurmon
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Wolfe
mesh_terms: D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007649:Ketamine; D008297:Male; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D012756:Sheep / Q000502:physiology*; D013992:Tiletamine; D014991:Xylazine; D015041:Zolazepam
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D004338:Drug Combinations; D014991:Xylazine; D013992:Tiletamine; D007649:Ketamine; D015041:Zolazepam