title: Glass ionomer cement surface protection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of various surface treatments for glass ionomer cement (GIC) by determining quantity of dye uptake spectrophotometrically.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty specimens, 4.5 mm diameter and 2 mm thick, were made from Shofu GIC and divided into 10 groups. Positive control (A) and negative control (B) specimens were not protected while experimental specimens were protected with ARM chemically-cured bonding resin (C), Durafill Bond light-cured bonding resin (D), Bondlite light-cured bonding resin (E), Colorama nail varnish (F), Shofu varnish (G), Copalite varnish (H), Vaseline (I) or Vaseline followed by Copalite (J). The discs were immersed in 0.05% methylene blue solution 10 minutes after mixing except group B specimens which were immersed in deionized water. After 24 hours the discs were removed, washed, and individually placed in 1 ml 65% nitric acid for 36 hours. The solutions were filtered, centrifuged and the absorbance determined spectrophotometrically at 590 nm. Dye uptake was expressed in microgram dye/restoration and the data analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey Kramer test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (SD) of dye uptake were: A:95.12 (11.28); B:0 (0); C:40.90 (5.06); D:33.89 (3.63); E:35.73 (3.36); F:3.29 (0.79); G:14.87 (2.86); H:21.99 (3.25); I:47.21 (7.06); J:29.74 (3.49). All the surface agents were effective in protecting setting restorative glass ionomer cement, but nail varnish provided the best results.
authors.affiliation: Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Serra
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cury
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Retief
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003188:Composite Resins; D003763:Dental Leakage; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003764:Dental Materials; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D007764:Lacquer; D016014:Linear Models; D010577:Petrolatum; D012116:Resins, Plant; D013499:Surface Properties; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: C090889:ARM resin; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D012116:Resins, Plant; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014867:Water; C062270:Shofu Hybond; C072895:Bondlite; C023806:Copalite; D010577:Petrolatum; C039734:Durafill