title: Antigenic cross-reactivity among the venoms from several species of Brazilian scorpions.
abstract: The venoms of seven species of scorpions living in different regions of Brazil were analysed with regard to their lethality, antigenic cross-reactivity and ability to induce antibody production. In mice, the tested scorpion venoms can be grouped as: (a) highly toxic: Tityus stigmurus Thorell (LD50 = 0.773 mg/kg), Tityus bahiensis (Perty) (LD50 = 1.062 mg/kg), Tityus serrulatus Lutz and Mello (LD50 = 1.160 mg/kg), and Tityus costatus (Karsch) (LD50 = 1.590 mg/kg); (b) moderately toxic: Tityus cambridgei Pocock (LD50 = 12.136 mg/kg); and (c) practically nontoxic: Rhopalurus agamemnon (Koch) (LD50 = 36.363 mg/kg), and Brotheas amazonicus Lourenço (LD50 = 90.909 mg/kg). On electrophoresis the venoms showed many protein bands displayed along the chromatogram, most of them cross-reacting in immunoelectrophoresis and immunoblotting using horse anti-T. serrulatus, anti-T. bahiensis or anti-T. serrulatus+T. bahiensis sera as probes. The antibodies present in these antivenoms combine with venom components as measured in vitro by the ELISA assay, and neutralize their lethal effects in vivo. These results indicate that horse anti-venoms against a mixture of T. serrulatus and T. bahiensis venoms or only against T. serrulatus venom yield an antibody population able to neutralize the toxic effects found in all venoms studied.
authors.affiliation: Seção de Concentração e Fracionamento de Soros, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Caricati
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Kipnis
authors.forename: V R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Eickstedt
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Knysak
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Da Silva
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Higashi
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Da Silva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001938:Brazil; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006736:Horses; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000276:immunology; D007122:Immunoelectrophoresis; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D051379:Mice; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D012604:Scorpion Venoms / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000633:toxicity; D012605:Scorpions
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D007106:Immune Sera; D011506:Proteins; D012604:Scorpion Venoms