title: Development of cross-tolerance between delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol, CP 55,940 and WIN 55,212.
abstract: In previous studies it was shown that the structurally dissimilar compounds delta 9-THC, CP 55,940 and WIN 55,212 produced more or less the same pharmacological effects and interacted with the same cannabinoid receptor. However, their potencies vary across a number of pharmacological assays, suggesting that a single mechanism may not account for all of their actions. To further explore possible differences among these cannabinoids, cross-tolerance studies were conducted. Specifically, the ability of delta 9-THC, CP 55,940 and WIN 55,212 to produce hypoactivity, hypothermia, antinociception and catalepsy was assessed in mice that had been chronically treated with either delta 9-THC or CP 55,940. The results indicated the delta 9-THC-treated mice were tolerant to delta 9-THC. The degrees of tolerance were 15.9, 7.8, and 13.4 for spontaneous activity, hypothermia and antinociception, respectively. Mice chronically treated with delta 9-THC also exhibited tolerance to some of the behavioral effects of CP 55,940 and WIN 55,212. The tolerance induced by repetitive administration of CP 55,940 was substantial. The ED50 for CP 55,940 was shifted 102 fold for spontaneous activity, 100 for hypothermia and 44 for catalepsy. Also, some cross-tolerance to delta 9-THC and WIN 55,212 was observed in CP 55,940 chronically treated mice. These findings indicate that cross-tolerance develops between delta 9-THC, CP 55,940 and WIN 55,212 and that these agents have some actions in common. However, quantitative differences in their development of cross-tolerance suggests that all of their actions may not be identical.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Compton
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Melvin
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D048588:Benzoxazines; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D003511:Cyclohexanols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D013759:Dronabinol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D048588:Benzoxazines; D003511:Cyclohexanols; D009025:Morpholines; D009281:Naphthalenes; C070417:(3R)-((2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-((4-morpholinyl)methyl)pyrrolo-(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl)(1-naphthalenyl))methanone; D013759:Dronabinol; C054649:3-(2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl)-4-(3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexanol