title: Infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria in kidney, heart, and liver transplant recipients.
abstract: Infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in solid-organ transplant recipients are infrequent but may be a major cause of morbidity. We describe four cases of NTM infection in solid-organ transplant recipients. The manifestations included a nodule secondary to Mycobacterium kansasii infection in a heart transplant recipient, a cutaneous lesion and a pulmonary nodule secondary to M. kansasii infection in a renal transplant recipient, tenosynovitis secondary to Mycobacterium chelonae infection in a renal transplant recipient, and cutaneous lesions secondary to M. chelonae infection in a liver transplant recipient. We also summarize previously reported cases of NTM infections in solid-organ transplant recipients; common manifestations of NTM infections in solid-organ transplant recipients include cutaneous lesions of the extremities, tenosynovitis, and joint infection. Histopathologic examination of aspirates or biopsy specimens from involved areas and staining and culture for mycobacteria are essential for diagnosis. Treatment of NTM infection most commonly involves surgery, reduction in doses of immunosuppressive medications, and/or therapy with antimycobacterial medications; these treatments are often associated with a good outcome.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Keating
authors.forename: C V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Paya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D015270:Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents