title: Effect on blood lipids, coagulation, and fibrinolysis of a fat high in myristic acid and a fat high in palmitic acid.
abstract: The hypothesis that myristic acid (C14:0) has a stronger cholesterol-increasing potential than does palmitic acid is based on very few experimental observations. A randomized, strictly controlled dietary study was therefore designed to investigate the effect of a synthetic fat that was high in myristic acid, and palm oil, which is high in palmitic acid, on lipoproteins and hemostatic variables. Twelve men were served two diets (40% of energy as fat) with 41% of fat as myristic (diet M) or palmitic acid (diet P) for 3 wk with 1 mo between the two dietary schedules. Plasma HDL cholesterol was 8% higher with diet M than with diet P: 1.10 +/- 0.06 (mean +/- SEM) vs 1.01 +/- 0.05 mmol/L (P < 0.006). Diet M raised factor VII coagulant (F VIIc) activity to 98% (77-117%) vs 96% (71-109%) (medians and ranges) after diet P (P = 0.02). Total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations did not differ between the diets. In conclusion, the myristic acid test fat was not more cholesterolemic than was palm oil, but it did induce a minor rise in F VIIc activity.
authors.affiliation: Research Department of Human Nutrition, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tholstrup
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marckmann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jespersen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vessby
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jart
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sandström
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005167:Factor VII / Q000378:metabolism; D005342:Fibrinolysis; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D019814:Myristic Acid; D009227:Myristic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D010169:Palmitic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D008055:Lipids; D009227:Myristic Acids; D010169:Palmitic Acids; D010743:Phospholipids; D019814:Myristic Acid; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D005167:Factor VII