title: Bone cell expression on titanium surfaces is altered by sterilization treatments.
abstract: Phenotypic responses of rat calvarial osteoblast-like cells (RCOB) were evaluated on commercially pure titanium (cpTi) surfaces when cultured at high density (5100 cells/mm2). These surfaces were prepared to three different clinically relevant surface preparations (1-micron, 600-grit, and 50-microns-grit sand-blast), followed by sterilization with either ultraviolet light, ethylene oxide, argon plasma-cleaning, or routine clinical autoclaving. Osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase, but not collagen expression, were significantly affected by surface roughness when these surfaces were altered by argon plasma-cleaning. In general, plasma-cleaned cpTi surfaces demonstrated an inverse relationship between surface roughness and phenotypic markers for a bone-like response. On a per-cell basis, levels of the bone-specific protein, osteocalcin, and the enzymatic activity of alkaline phosphatase were highest on the smooth 1-micron polished surface and lowest on the roughest surfaces for the plasma-cleaned cpTi. Detectable bone cell expression can be altered by clinically relevant surfaces prepared by standard dental implant preparation techniques.
authors.affiliation: Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Stanford
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Solursh
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001128:Argon; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005027:Ethylene Oxide; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013227:Steam; D013242:Sterilization / Q000379:methods; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D013227:Steam; D015675:Osteocalcin; C009495:titanium dioxide; D001128:Argon; D003094:Collagen; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D005027:Ethylene Oxide; D002118:Calcium