title: Socioeconomic risk factors and musculoskeletal disability.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Musculoskeletal disorders are the major cause of disability in adults, and increased understanding of the determinants of disability could have important implications for the health of the population.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore the socioeconomic risk factors associated with the reporting of musculoskeletal disability in the Canadian Health and Activity Limitation Survey, and to investigate whether these associations are unique or are shared by other causes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stepwise logistic regression analyses were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios to compare the risk of disability vs no disability in relation to sociodemographic risk factors (age, sex, marital status, number in household, income, education, employment status) for 4 causes of disability: musculoskeletal, nonmusculoskeletal, arthritis and back disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Findings for sociodemographic risk factors, apart from sex are similar for musculoskeletal and nonmusculoskeltal causes of disability. Disability is independently associated with increasing age, not being married, less years of schooling, lower income and not being employed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data from a Canadian cross sectional study show that the risk factors associated with musculoskeletal disability are similar to those for other causes of disability. Discussion of the meaning of these associations needs to take into account the broader context of disability as a whole, rather than focussing solely on musculoskeletal disorders.
authors.affiliation: Arthritis Community Research and Evaluation Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Badley
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ibañez
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D008875:Middle Aged; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009790:Occupations; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors