title: Mutations in the vasopressin V2 receptor gene in two families with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
abstract: Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (CNDI) is a rare X-linked disorder in which the renal collecting duct is unresponsive to arginine vasopressin, and thus, the urine is consistently hypotonic to plasma. As a result, affected individuals are unable to concentrate urine and suffer from episodes of severe dehydration and hypernatremia. Recently, the association between arginine vasopressin V2 receptor gene mutations and CNDI has been demonstrated. In this report, two additional novel molecular defects of the arginine vasopressin V2 receptor gene in CNDI families are described. In one family, the affected individual demonstrated a G-->T transversion causing a nonsense mutation in codon 231. This mutation results in a glutamic acid becoming a termination codon, causing premature termination and truncation of the encoded receptor protein. This mutation causes a NciI site within the gene to be abolished and a BsaWI site to be created. In the second family, affected individuals showed a 28-basepair duplicating insertion in the very beginning of exon 2 down-stream of the splice acceptor site. It was hypothesized that an insertion mutagenesis mechanism involves the formation of a stem-loop structure within the newly synthesized DNA strand, followed by a slipped mispairing. This may be a general mechanism for the deletion or insertion of repeated sequences within the genome. Recent data show that G-protein-coupled receptors are susceptible to many different mutations that often result in the loss of function, causing a similar clinical phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Renal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown 02129.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Holtzman
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Kolakowski
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Geifman-Holtzman
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rasoulpour
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Guillot
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ausiello
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D018500:Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D009154:Mutation; D010375:Pedigree; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017483:Receptors, Vasopressin / Q000235:genetics*; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017483:Receptors, Vasopressin; D004247:DNA