title: DNA methylation adduct formation and H-ras gene mutations in progression of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine-induced bladder tumors caused by a single exposure to N-methyl-N-nitrosourea.
abstract: After receiving 500 p.p.m. N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water for an initial 10 weeks, rats were given a single i.p. injection of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) at a dose of 50 mg/kg body wt at week 20 (at a stage when bladder tumor development had already occurred), and then maintained until they were killed at week 40. Three and six hours after the MNU injection, the DNA methylation adducts, O6-methyldeoxyguanine (O6-medG) and 7-methyldeoxyguanine (7-medG), were immunohistochemically revealed to be markedly more frequent in urothelial preneoplasias or neoplasias than in normal cells. These adducts were rapidly repaired, and although 7-dmeG in tumor cells still persisted after 72 h, they appeared essentially to have returned to normal levels. At the termination, conversion of transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) to squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the urinary bladder was significantly increased in the BBN+MNU group. The extent of invasion was also significantly greater with the additional MNU treatment. Expression of p21 protein, detected by immunohistochemistry, was comparable between the groups. Mutations in the H-ras gene were observed in one case each of the BBN and BBN+MNU groups, and both cases showed a G:C to A:T transition at codon 12. The present study thus suggested that while an additional single treatment with MNU of rats bearing BBN-induced bladder neoplasias is associated with significant, possibly mutation-dependent tumor progression, H-ras mutations are not necessary events.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Pathology, Nagoya City University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Wild
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Montesano
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004249:DNA Damage; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D018450:Disease Progression; D011905:Genes, ras; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D008745:Methylation; D008770:Methylnitrosourea / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018736:DNA Adducts; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; C048746:7-methyl-2-deoxyguanosine; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; C015558:O(6)-methyl-2'-deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine