title: Thoracoscopic esophageal myotomy--a surgical technique for achalasia diffuse esophageal spasm and "nutcracker esophagus".
abstract: Thoracoscopic myotomy has been performed for diffuse esophageal spasm "nutcracker esophagus" and achalasia. Technical considerations for thoracoscopic long myotomy such as trocar placement, length of myotomy, extent of myotomy distal to the gastroesophageal junction, hiatal closure, fundoplication and degree of esophageal mobilization are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68131.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Filipi
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hinder
mesh_terms: D004931:Esophageal Achalasia / Q000601:surgery*; D015154:Esophageal Motility Disorders / Q000601:surgery; D015155:Esophageal Spasm, Diffuse / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D009132:Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D013906:Thoracoscopy