title: [Disorder of gender identity in a child with asymmetric gonadal dysgenesis with complex karyotype abnormality].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gender identity is influenced by genetic and hormonal factors and also by the sex of rearing.
  
  
  METHODS
  A child was born with ambiguous genitalia. Male sex assignment was made. Hypospadias and left inguinal hernia were present. The hernial sac contained an ovarian tissue. Plasma testosterone, 17-OH progesterone, cortisone levels were normal as were basal FSH and LH levels. There was a vagina but no uterus. The karyotype showed 45X/46XY mosaicism. The testis in the right scrotum was removed and vulvoplasty was performed at the age of 10 months; the patient was than raised as a female. Several courses of reconstructive genital surgery were necessary between 1 and 8 years of age. The girl suffered from trichotillomania and sleep disorders from the age of 4 years and learning difficulties and social phobia from the age of 8. When 11.5 years-old, she had clinical features of Turner's syndrome, was depressive but appeared to prefer male playmates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two mechanisms may explain alterations in gender identity in this patient with asymmetric gonadal dysgenesis; 1) early and prolonged androgen exposure as seen in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia; 2) insufficient counselling with parents regarding questions of gender identity.
authors.affiliation: Service de psychopathologie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hourtane
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Leheuzey
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006059:Gonadal Dysgenesis / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D009030:Mosaicism; D012729:Sex Chromosome Aberrations
vernacular_title: Trouble de l'identité de genre chez une enfant porteuse d'une dysgénésie gonadique asymétrique avec anomalie caryotypique complexe.