title: Helix pomatia agglutinin binding is a useful prognostic indicator in colorectal carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Most deaths from colorectal carcinoma are due to metastases. A relatively reliable prognostic indicator at surgery to date is the Dukes' stage, but this is a morphologic approach that does not elucidate biochemical changes to explain why cells became metastatic. The binding sites for the lectin from the Roman snail Helix pomatia (HPA) were shown to be good prognostic indicators in breast and gastric cancer, and accordingly, this study was performed to evaluate the use of HPA binding sites as prognostic markers in colorectal carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The histochemically detected expression of HPA binding sites in colorectal carcinomas (n = 130) was increased. The results of the histochemical findings were correlated with patient survival and tumor recurrence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicated that the prognosis for the groups of patients whose colorectal cancer cells binded to HPA in tissue sections was almost as bad as those with Dukes' Stage C disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because HPA binds to N-acetylgalactosamine, the authors' results indicate that this sugar residue is at least partly involved in the process of human colorectal carcinoma cells metastasizing to regional lymph nodes and possibly also to distant sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Morphology, University of Southampton, London.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Higgs
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loizidou
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pickering
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leathem
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000116:Acetylgalactosamine / Q000378:metabolism; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006372:Helix, Snails; D006801:Humans; D037102:Lectins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: C038095:Helix lectin; D037102:Lectins; D000116:Acetylgalactosamine