title: Differentiation of human lymphocytes into nuclear vlimata by meiosis. The cytotoxic effect of calcium-activated neutral proteinase inhibitor.
abstract: Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-activated lymphocytes differentiated into nuclear vlimata (NVs) in vitro. Lymphocyte attachment was followed by formation and extrusion of cytoplasmic vesicles, nuclear elongation and fragmentation into NVs. NVs and cytoplasmic vesicles were detached and organized into large cell nodules in suspension. Immunocytochemistry showed that T-lymphocytes differentiated mainly to NVs while B-lymphocytes to buds. During differentiation there was a loss or gain of T-antigenicity by either mother or daughter cell. Cytogenetic analysis by chromosomal spreading and in situ techniques showed that NVs do carry chromosomes of hypodiploid or hypohaploid sets. NVs were the result of meiosis stimulated by PHA. A lymphocytic population exhibited diploidies attributed to mitosis or symmetrical meiosis and hypodiploidies, hypohaploidies attributed to meiosis. A comparison between NVs and spermatozoa was provided. The inhibitor of calcium-activated neutral proteinase (CANP-I) was cytotoxic to NVs without interfering with NV production. A model was proposed for the action of CANP-I which is a promising agent against autoimmune diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Logothetou-Rella
mesh_terms: D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008540:Meiosis; D008858:Microscopy, Phase-Contrast; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D011003:Ploidies; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; C039304:calpain inhibitors