title: The appropriateness of use of cardiovascular procedures in women and men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether there are differences between women and men in the appropriateness of use of cardiovascular procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty hospitals located in New York State.
  
  
  METHODS
  Random sample of 3979 patients undergoing coronary angiography, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, or coronary artery bypass graft surgery in 1990.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated two measures: (1) the percent of women and men who underwent cardiovascular procedures for appropriate, uncertain, and inappropriate indications and (2) for coronary angiography patients, the prognostic exercise stress treadmill score that predicts before the coronary angiogram the 5-year probability of death from a cardiovascular event.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The inappropriate rate of use of cardiovascular procedures was low and not significantly different for men and women (4% vs 5% for coronary angiography; 4% vs 3% for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; and 2% vs 3% for coronary artery bypass graft surgery, respectively), and the use of these procedures for uncertain reasons also did not vary significantly by gender. There was also no significant gender difference in the predicted risk of death from a cardiovascular event for coronary angiography patients: 24% of men and 22% of women were at high risk (ie, < 75% 5-year survival rate) and 20% and 16%, respectively, were at low risk (ie, > or = 95% 5-year survival rate).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on two indicators, the RAND appropriateness score and the Duke prognostic exercise treadmill score, we were unable to find any evidence of a difference in the clinical appropriateness of use of these three cardiovascular procedures between women and men.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Hilborne
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Leape
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Brook
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D009518:New York; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution