title: Correlation between nephrotoxicity and pharmacokinetic parameters of gentamicin.
abstract: Gentamicin pharmacokinetics were determined in 26 critically ill adult patients. All had normal or only moderately reduced renal function based on serum creatinine concentration and clearance. The average half-life of elimination was 4.68 h, creatinine clearance was 3.9 l/h, and gentamicin clearance was 2.86 l/h. There was a highly significant correlation between the area under the serum concentration-time curves (AUC) and the peak and trough concentrations (r = 0.908, 0.980, P < 0.05, respectively). Serum gentamicin concentrations rose rapidly in 10 patients who showed deterioration of kidney function after 5 days of therapy. Gentamicin peak concentrations increased by 31%, while trough concentration increased by 121%. The mean percentage change in half-life was 68.49%, while the mean percentage change in renal function was 44.38%. Linear regression analysis of AUC versus the percentage change in kidney function revealed a significant increase in AUC with decrease in kidney function (r = 0.909, P < 0.05). There was a significant increase in half-life with decrease in kidney function (r = 0.948, P < 0.05).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: el-Sayed
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D005839:Gentamicins; D003404:Creatinine