title: Metabolites of 4-chlorotestosterone acetate in cattle urine as diagnostic markers for its illegal use.
abstract: Seven metabolites of 4-chlorotestosterone acetate were identified in urine of cattle that received a single injection of the drug. The steroids were isolated by means of a series of clean-up steps carried out before and after enzymatic hydrolysis. The obtained extract was fractionated by high-performance liquid chromatography and each fraction was examined both by high-performance thin-layer chromatography and by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of the m-ethoxime-trimethylsilyl derivatives. The metabolites were tentatively identified by studying the mass spectra of selected peaks not found in blank samples. The structures of two metabolites, viz. 4-chloroandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione and 4-chloroandrost-4-ene-3 alpha,17 beta-diol were confirmed by chemical synthesis. The synthesized metabolites and 4-chloro-17 alpha-testosterone, a third metabolite which was identified tentatively, were located on the thin-layer chromatograms obtained. This study led to the conclusion that the illegal use of 4-chlorotestosterone acetate can be detected by identifying one or more of its metabolites in urine.
authors.affiliation: Dr. L. Willems-Instituut, University Campus, Belgium.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leyssens
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Royackers
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gielen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Missotten
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schoofs
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Czech
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Noben
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hendriks
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000652:urine*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection; D013739:Testosterone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone; C041029:turinabol