title: A novel illegitimate recombination event: precise excision and reintegration with the Mu gem mutant prophage.
abstract: The bacteriophage Mu is known to insert its DNA more or less randomly within the Escherichia coli chromosome, as do transposable elements, but unlike the latter, precise excision of the prophage, thereby restoring the original sequence, is not observed with wild-type Mu, although it has been reported with certain defective mutants. We show here that the mutant prophage Mu gem2ts can excise precisely from at least three separate loci -- malT, lac and thyA (selected as Mal+, Lac+ and Thy+, respectively). This excision occurs under permissive conditions for phage development, is observed in fully immune (c+) lysogens, and is independent of RecA and of Mu transposase. Mu gemts2 excision is invariably accompanied by reintegration of a Mu gem2ts prophage elsewhere in the chromosome. In the case of Mal+ revertants, this prophage is systematically located at 94 min on the E. coli chromosome. Mu gem2ts excision therefore sheds some light on the long-standing paradox of the lack of precise Mu excision.
authors.affiliation: Centro di Studio per gli Acidi Nucleici del CNR, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ghelardini
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Liébart
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Zenzo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Micheli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: D'Ari
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Paolozzi
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D010583:Bacteriophage mu / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000821:virology*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D007785:Lactose / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009876:Operon / Q000235:genetics; D011533:Proviruses / Q000235:genetics*; D011938:Rec A Recombinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011995:Recombination, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D013941:Thymine / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016662:Virus Integration / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C058976:MalT protein, E coli; D014157:Transcription Factors; D011938:Rec A Recombinases; D007785:Lactose; D013941:Thymine