title: Efficacy of skin barrier creams (I). The repetitive irritation test (RIT) in the guinea pig.
abstract: An animal model for the evaluation of skin protective creams against chemical irritants is described. The irritants were applied daily for 2 weeks to shaved back skin of young guinea pigs: sodium lauryl sulphate (5% aq.; 30 min), sodium hydroxide (0.5% aq.; 2 min), and toluene (20% eth.; 2 min). The barrier cream was applied 2 h prior to and immediately after exposure to the irritant. Control animals were treated with the irritant only. The irritant reaction was scored on a 4-point scale for erythema and quantified with regard to transepidermal water loss (TEWL) by evaporimetry and skin blood flow volume (BFV) by laser Doppler velocimetry. A total of 90 guinea pigs, consisting of individual panels of 5 to 10 animals, was tested. While one barrier cream (Stokoderm) significantly suppressed the irritation due to sodium lauryl sulphate and toluene, the other (Contra-Alkali) failed to do so and even aggravated the response, which was particularly evident with sodium hydroxide. This model may be useful in developing more effective barrier creams.
authors.affiliation: Hautklinik der Städtischen Kliniken, Dortmund, Germany.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Frosch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schulze-Dirks
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Axthelm
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kurte
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002021:Buffers; D017453:Dermatitis, Irritant / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004655:Emulsions / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007809:Lanolin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008954:Models, Biological; D009821:Oils; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012882:Skin Tests; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000009:adverse effects; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D013228:Stearates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014050:Toluene / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D014870:Water Loss, Insensible / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D002021:Buffers; C080465:Contra-alkali; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004655:Emulsions; D009821:Oils; D013228:Stearates; C080467:Stokoderm Salbe; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D014050:Toluene; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; D007809:Lanolin