title: Omeprazole reduces preoperative gastric fluid acidity and volume in children.
abstract: To explore the effects of oral omeprazole on preoperative gastric fluid pH and volume in children, 104 healthy in-patients aged 4-9 yr were randomly allocated to four groups (n = 26). Subjects in the Omeprazole-Omeprazole Group received two doses of omeprazole (20 mg per dose), those in the Placebo-Placebo Group, two doses of placebo, those in the Placebo-Omeprazole and Omeprazole-Placebo Groups, one dose each of the two preparations by mouth. For each treatment regimen, the first medication was administered at 9:00 p.m. on the night before surgery and the second at 5:30 a.m. on the morning of the day of surgery (three hours preoperatively). Children undergoing elective surgery were offered 10 ml.kg-1 of apple juice three hours before induction of anaesthesia. After induction of anaesthesia and tracheal intubation, gastric fluid was aspirated through a large-bore, multiorifice orogastric tube and analyzed for pH and total fluid volume. The administration of omeprazole at bedtime before surgery increased gastric pH (3.3 +/- 1.3 vs 2.0 +/- 0.6, P < 0.05) in comparison with placebo, as did two doses of omeprazole (pH = 4.8 +/- 1.6, P < 0.05). A single dose of omeprazole administration on the morning of the day of surgery failed to increase gastric pH. There was a reduction in the number of children with a pH < 2.5 and a volume > 0.4 ml.kg-1 in the Omeprazole-Omeprazole and Omeprazole-Placebo Groups, compared with the Placebo-Placebo or Placebo-Omeprazole Groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishina
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mikawa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maekawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamada
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Obara
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D001628:Beverages; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D005638:Fruit; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005745:Gastric Acidity Determination; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010919:Placebos; D011292:Premedication; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D009853:Omeprazole