title: Sources of heterogeneous contrast enhancement in the gastrointestinal tract.
abstract: Water soluble gadolinium chelates demonstrate heterogeneous enhancement of the gastrointestinal tract (GI) when administered orally. To investigate the causes, ProHance (2.0 mM) was administered orally to rats. There was a dramatic enhancement of rat GI lumen signal intensity in T1-weighted MR images which provided increased contrast relative to the adjacent abdominal tissues. Heterogeneity of MRI signal enhancement along the rat GI tract was investigated by sampling rat GI fluid at various times post-ingestion and at different locations along the GI tract. The corresponding T1 and T2 relaxation times, Gd concentrations, and viscosities of each GI fluid sample revealed that changes in each of these parameters contribute to the observed heterogeneity of MRI signal enhancement.
authors.affiliation: Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wedeking
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Tweedle
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000042:Absorption; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000737:chemistry; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007089:Image Enhancement; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007419:Intestinal Secretions / Q000737:chemistry; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D051381:Rats; D013270:Stomach / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000737:chemistry; D014783:Viscosity; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C062402:gadoteridol; D014867:Water; D013395:Sucrose; D005682:Gadolinium