Equal levels of gp120 retention and neutralization resistance of phenotypically distinct primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants upon soluble CD4 treatment.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants passaged in T-cell lines, often called laboratory isolates, are potently neutralized by soluble CD4 (sCD4), whereas primary HIV-1 variants are highly resistant to sCD4 neutralization. Previously, it was demonstrated that the domain from V1 to V3 of the HIV-1 gp120 molecule contains one of the major determinants of sCD4 neutralization sensitivity, and the same region has also been implicated as influencing syncytium-inducing (SI) capacity and T-cell-line tropism. To determine possible differences in sCD4 neutralization sensitivity between phenotypically distinct primary HIV-1 variants, a panel of non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) and SI HIV-1 variants was studied. Primary NSI and SI HIV-1 variants appeared to be equally resistant to sCD4 neutralization. Consistent with this observation, sCD4 did not induce gp120 shedding from either primary NSI or SI HIV-1 variants at 37 degrees C. Thus, it is not the potential of certain primary HIV-1 variants to infect T-cell lines but rather their adaptation to T-cell lines that is reflected in specific properties of the viral envelope which influence sCD4 neutralization sensitivity.
Groenink
M
M
Department of Clinical Viro-Immunology, The Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Amsterdam.
Moore
J P
JP
Broersen
S
S
Schuitemaker
H
H
D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010641:Phenotype; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C076613:recombinant soluble CD4