title: Myocardial protection with Bretschneider cardioplegic solution--an evaluation of full oxygenation.
abstract: In the present study the effect of oxygenated Bretschneider cardioplegia on high-energy phosphates [adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and creatine phosphate (CP)] and hemodynamics was evaluated in the isolated working rabbit heart. Hearts were obtained from 37 adult white Elco rabbits (3,100 +/- 110 g). After a 20-min working period 14 hearts were arrested with Bretschneider cardioplegia (8 degrees C) oxygenated with 98% oxygen (O2) and 2% carbon dioxide in comparison to 14 hearts receiving Bretschneider solution saturated with 98% nitrogen (N2) and 2% carbon dioxide as a control group for either 60 or 90 min (O(2)60, O(2)90, N(2)60, N(2)90 groups, n = 7). Seven hearts were used to determine preischemic baseline values of ATP, ADP and CP, 2 were excluded. The results showed a significantly poorer preservation of high-energy phosphates in hearts receiving oxygenated Bretschneider cardioplegia as compared to hearts receiving nitrogenated cardioplegia (p < 0.05). Postischemic recovery of hemodynamics did not demonstrate any statistically significant differences between the groups. However, the intragroup analysis showed a tendency towards weaker hemodynamic recovery in hearts treated with oxygenated cardioplegia. in contrast to the beneficial effect of oxygenated St. Thomas solution. In conclusion our findings suggest that oxygenated Bretschneider cardioplegia leads to significantly poorer preservation of high-energy phosphates and depressed hemodynamic recovery.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Surgery, University of Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Podesser
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wollenek
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Windischbauer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zegner
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hausleithner
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seitelberger
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Losert
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wolner
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008353:Mannitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000494:pharmacology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D011343:Procaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: C039984:Bretschneider cardioplegic solution; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions; D010725:Phosphocreatine; D008353:Mannitol; D011343:Procaine; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005947:Glucose; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen