title: Total reconstruction of the ossicular chain.
abstract: The footplate only situation remains the greatest challenge of ossicular reconstruction. This article discusses the long term results obtained with a new type of columella, the Spandrel, which combines the rigidity necessary for sound transmission with the flexibility required to comply with the dynamic movements of the neotympanum.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Fisch
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schmid
mesh_terms: D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001844:Bone Conduction / Q000502:physiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006309:Hearing / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007188:Incus / Q000601:surgery; D008307:Malleus / Q000601:surgery; D009998:Ossicular Prosthesis; D011095:Polyethylenes; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013193:Stainless Steel; D013201:Stapes Surgery; D014432:Tympanic Membrane / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011095:Polyethylenes; D013193:Stainless Steel