title: Nasal intubation with Bullard laryngoscope: a useful approach for difficult airways.
abstract: Since the original technique using the Bullard laryngoscope requires considerable practice to be reliable, we have developed an easier method with a directional-tip endotracheal tube through the nostril. We first examined the feasibility of our method in patients with or without difficult airways. All 26 patients with difficult airways were successfully tracheally intubated with our method, and times for visualization and intubation were not different from those in 10 patients with normal airways. We further examined the direction of the tips of endotracheal tubes through the nostril in 128 patients with normal airways using four combinations of two kinds of both laryngoscopes (Bullard and Macintosh) and endotracheal tubes (directional-tip tube: Endotrol, Mallinckrodt Laboratories, Athlone, Ireland; or straight distal-end tube: Blue Line, Portex Ltd., Hythe Kent, United Kingdom). We found that a combination of the Bullard laryngoscope and the Endotrol tube had a higher probability of accessing the center of the glottis than the others. In conclusion, nasal insertion of a directional-tip tube assisted by the Bullard laryngoscope is an assured and prompt procedure for intubating the tracheas of patients with difficult airways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Otsuka Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shigematsu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miyazawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yorozu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toyoda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morisaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000295:instrumentation*; D020704:Laryngoscopes; D009666:Nose