title: Evidence of natural bluetongue virus infection among African carnivores.
abstract: Bluetongue is an International Office of Epizootics List A disease described as the century's most economically devastating affliction of sheep. Bluetongue (BLU) viruses were thought to infect only ruminants, shrews, and some rodents, but recently, inadvertent administration of BLU virus-contaminated vaccine resulted in mortality and abortion among domestic dogs. We present evidence of natural BLU virus infection among African carnivores that dramatically widens the spectrum of susceptible hosts. We hypothesize that such infection occurred after ingestion of meat and organs from BLU virus-infected prey species. The effect of BLU virus on endangered carnivores such as the cheetah and African wild dog requires urgent investigation. Also, the role of carnivores in the epizootiology of this disease needs elucidation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: MacLachlan
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Kat
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: House
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: N W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Lerche
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sawyer
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Holekamp
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Smale
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D001819:Bluetongue / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001820:Bluetongue virus / Q000276:immunology*; D002335:Carnivora; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral