title: Birth-related upper brachial plexus injuries in infants: operative and nonoperative approaches.
abstract: Advances in intraoperative neuroelectrodiagnostic testing and microneurosurgical techniques have made it possible to accurately explore the brachial plexus of neonates. Since 1987, we have followed 250 infants with birth-related brachial plexus injuries, and successful operations have been completed on more than 70 infants. Fifty infants who underwent surgery have been followed for more than 18 months. Based on these accumulated data and historical data, this review describes both nonoperative and operative approaches to the treatment of birth-related brachial plexus injuries.
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Laurent
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D001132:Arm / Q000294:innervation; D001720:Birth Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001917:Brachial Plexus / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D009132:Muscles / Q000294:innervation; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009463:Neuroma / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D010524:Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery