Antibacterial and molluscicidal phenolic acids from Spondias mombin.
Spondias mombin L. (Anacardiaceae), used in traditional medicine because of its antimicrobial properties, was found to contain a series of 6-alkenyl-salicylic acids. They were isolated from the ethanolic extract of leaves and stems of Spondias mombin by a combination of chromatographic methods. Their structure was determined by NMR and MS techniques as (17:3), (17:2) and (17:1) pelandjuaic acid [or 6-(8'Z,11'Z,14'Z-heptadecatrienyl)-salicylic acid, 6-(8'Z,11'Z-heptadecadienyl)-salicylic acid, and 6-(10'Z-heptadecenyl)-salicylic acid, respectively], 6-(12'Z-non-adecenyl)-salicylic acid, and 6-(15'Z-heneicosenyl)-salicylic acid, the two last compounds being new ones. These phenolic acids were shown to have a pronounced antibacterial effect against Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Mycobacterium fortuitum (minimal bactericidal concentration in a concentration range of 3-25 micrograms/ml), and a molluscicidal effect against the snail Biomphalaria glabrata, an intermediate host in the schistosome life cycle. Because of their high molluscicidal activity (LC90 down to 1-3 ppm), these long-chain salicylic acid derivatives may be important tools in the prevention of schistosomiasis.
Corthout
J
J
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium.
Pieters
L
L
Claeys
M
M
Geerts
S
S
Vanden Berghe
D
D
Vlietinck
A
A
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D001700:Biomphalaria / Q000187:drug effects*; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D018515:Plant Leaves; D018547:Plant Stems; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; C017616:phenolic acid