title: [Evaluation of an increased blood level of GGT, CDT, methanol, acetone and isopropanol in alcohol intoxicated automobile drivers. Alcoholism indicators instead of medical-psychological examination].
abstract: Several thousand blood samples were taken from alcoholized drivers at the Blood Alcohol Examination Centre of the Institute of legal Medicine at Cologne University. These samples showed blood alcohol contents (BAC) as well as GGT, CDT, methanol, acetone and isopropanol levels which indicated alcohol addiction. The blood samples were selected by the drivers' ages and their BAC, but in some cases the GGT also played a role. In the majority of cases 1 or 2 parameters were measured. In 200 cases all four indicators were determined. The four parameters characterize a different problematic drinking behaviour. GGT characterizes chronic, long-term misuse, CDT characterizes occasional misuse, methanol characterizes current addicted drinking and acetone and isopropanol characterize metabolic disorders caused by alcohol. The importance of parameters is thoroughly discussed, also in relation to incorrectly measured positive values and the relation between alcohol consumption and -problems. Methanol values above 10 mg/kg, GGT activities above 100 U/l and CDT levels above 60 U/l provide sufficient proof of there being an alcohol problem which requires treatment. The levels of other indicators need not be above normal to determine this. The proportion of drivers under the influence of alcohol with problematic alcohol levels increases significantly when the BAC is above 2.0 per mille. However, there have been drivers with alcohol problems with lower BAC levels. DUI offenders addicted to alcohol are quite frequently over 40 years old. A correlation between the single indicators and the BAC is rarely found. If a correlation is to be found, it would be most likely with drivers whose BAC lies above 2.0 per mille. The mentioned indicators would detect an alcohol problem from the blood sample taken for the blood alcohol test. Alcohol problems may be detected and treated shortly after the DUI offence. This method is comparatively cheaper than medical-psychological-examinations as well as being based on objective and verifiable parameters.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Universität zu Köln.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iffland
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Balling
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Börsch
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herold
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kaschade
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Löffler
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schmidtmann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stettner
mesh_terms: D000433:1-Propanol / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000096:Acetone / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000201:enzymology; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000201:enzymology; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000432:Methanol / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D014168:Transferrin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014168:Transferrin; C056759:carbohydrate-deficient transferrin; D000096:Acetone; D000431:Ethanol; D000433:1-Propanol; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D000432:Methanol
vernacular_title: Zur Wertung erhöhter Spiegel von GGT, CDT, Methanol, Aceton und Isopropanol im Blut alkoholauffälliger Kraftfahrer. Alkoholismusindikatoren anstelle medizinisch-psychologischer Untersuchungen?