title: Detection of free radicals by electron spin resonance in rat diaphragm after resistive loading.
abstract: Indirect evidence supports free radical production in the diaphragm under excessive mechanical loads in both in vitro and in situ preparations. We hypothesized that free radicals are produced in the diaphragm with loads in vivo at a sufficient concentration to be detected by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Anesthetized rats underwent severe inspiratory resistive loading for 2.5-3 h with maintenance of blood oxygenation and arterial blood pressure by breathing 70% oxygen. The ESR spectra of four samples (freeze-clamped at liquid nitrogen temperature) from each experimental animal were compared with the spectra from a control animal breathing air and a control animal breathing 70% oxygen. We observed 1) an approximately 30% increase in intensity of free radical signal in experimental animals (n = 10) compared with control animals breathing oxygen (n = 10; P < 0.01) and control animals breathing air (n = 10; P < 0.05), 2) that oxygen alone had no effect on the ESR spectrum, and 3) the intensity of the ESR signal decreased approximately 25% in the experimental group when samples were taken 10 min postmortem, whereas no difference in signal was observed for control animals. We conclude that the diaphragm shows an increased production of free radicals associated with respiratory failure induced by resistive breathing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Borzone
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Merola
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berliner
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Clanton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014132:Trachea / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals