Inactivation of visna virus and other enveloped viruses by free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
Human milk was found to become antiviral during storage at 4 degrees C because of the release of fatty acids by lipolysis. The stored milk caused more than a 10,000-fold inactivation of visna virus during incubation at 37 degrees C for 30 minutes. Medium-chain saturated and long-chain unsaturated fatty acids inactivated visna virus and other enveloped viruses causing more than a 3000-fold to 10,000-fold reduction in virus titer. 1-Monoglycerides and ethers of medium-chain fatty acids were more antiviral than the corresponding free fatty acids. Antiviral fatty acids were found to affect the viral envelope, causing leakage and, at higher concentrations, a complete disintegration of the envelope and the viral particles. Lipids commonly found in natural products could possibly be used as antiviral agents against enveloped viruses.
Thormar
H
H
Institute of Biology, University of Iceland, Grensavegi, Reykjavík.
Isaacs
C E
CE
Kim
K S
KS
Brown
H R
HR
D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004987:Ethers; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005989:Glycerides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry; D012756:Sheep; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014790:Visna-maedi virus / Q000187:drug effects*
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004987:Ethers; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D005989:Glycerides; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins