Social environment and incidence of voice disturbances in children.
The incidence of voice disturbances was investigated in children living under different social environments. Two groups of children at the age of 12-13 years were examined, with a total number of 362 examinees. The first study group consisted of children living in a rural environment (204 examinees) and the second group consisted of children from an urban area (158 examinees). The state of the voice and phonatory system was investigated, revealing 3.92% of children with voice problems within the rural group and 43.67% within the city group. The influence of the social environment is discussed, and also the need for behavior modification to be included in voice therapy.
Milutinović
Z
Z
Department of Phoniatrics, Clinic of Otolaryngology, Zvezdara Clinical Hospital Center, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D004777:Environment; D005931:Glottis / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D012424:Rural Population; D014505:Urban Population; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015022:Yugoslavia / Q000453:epidemiology