Characterization of immune responses to baculovirus-expressed equine herpesvirus type 1 glycoproteins D and H in a murine model.
A murine intranasal infection model for equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) was used to evaluate immune responses following immunization with insect cells infected by baculoviruses that express EHV-1 glycoproteins. Baculovirus recombinant glycoprotein D (gD) and gH both induced serum antibodies to EHV-1 when measured by ELISA. The gD recombinant also produced a neutralizing antibody response. Protective immunity, determined by accelerated clearance of virus from the target organs in the respiratory tract, was demonstrated in mice immunized with a baculovirus recombinant expressing gD. In addition to the serological response, evidence is presented which shows that cell-mediated responses also play an important role in protection. Both recombinants induced delayed-type hypersensitivity and lymphoproliferation to EHV-1 antigen. The protective effects of T cells were confirmed by adoptive transfer of spleen cells from baculovirus gD-immunized donors to recipients that were challenged with live EHV-1. Depletion of either CD4- or CD8-bearing cells from the gD-immunized donors reduced the ability of the recipients to clear virus from the target organs, although depletion of CD4 cells had a more marked effect.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge, U.K.
D
D
Tewari
J M
JM
Whalley
D N
DN
Love
H J
HJ
Field
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002460:Cell Line; D005260:Female; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D004861:Herpesvirus 1, Equid / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006736:Horses; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000276:immunology; D007114:Immunization; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008212:Lymphocyte Depletion; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009036:Moths; D017924:Nucleopolyhedroviruses / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D014420:Turbinates / Q000382:microbiology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C488988:glycoprotein D, Equid herpesvirus 1