Comparison of the effects of three haemodialysis membranes on vancomycin disposition.
Polysulfone (PSF) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) were recently introduced haemodialysis (HD) membranes. The effect of each on vancomycin disposition was compared with cuprophan (SCE) in 12 chronic HD patients who received 14 infusions. Vancomycin (1 g) was infused over 1 hour, followed by three 4-hour HD sessions over 5 days, beginning 1 hour after the end of infusion. The intradialytic clearances of vancomycin were 73, 54 and 15 ml/min for PSF, PAN and SCE, respectively. At the end of the third HD session, vancomycin concentration dropped to subtherapeutic level (< 7.5 micrograms/ml) only in patients dialysed with PSF and PAN. The corresponding elimination half-lives (t1/2 beta) were 61, 60 and 86 hours for the three membranes, respectively. According to these findings, vancomycin should be given every three HD sessions for PSF and PAN. The dosage interval should be extended up to every 5 HD sessions for patients on SCE. The peak (mean +/- S.D.) obtained one hour after the end of infusion was 34.2 +/- 11.4 micrograms/ml, which is within the therapeutic range.
Alwakeel
J
J
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Najjar
T A
TA
al-Yamani
M J
MJ
Huraib
S
S
al-Haider
A
A
Abu-aisha
H
H
D000180:Acrylic Resins; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013450:Sulfones; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
D000180:Acrylic Resins; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D013450:Sulfones; C010504:polyacrylonitrile; D014640:Vancomycin; D002482:Cellulose; C009865:cuprammonium cellulose