Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns of invasive isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae: Alaska 1986-1990.
From January 1986 through December 1990, 672 cases of invasive pneumococcal disease were identified. From these, 574 pneumococcal isolates were recovered from normally sterile sites (blood, cerebrospinal and pleural fluid); 92% were serotypes represented in the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. The most common serotypes from children < 2 years old were 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, and 23F, recovered from 83% of Alaska Native and 75.1% of nonnative children with invasive disease. Moderate penicillin resistance (MIC, 0.1-1.0 micrograms/mL) was found in 3.8% of isolates. All were sensitive to chloramphenicol, vancomycin, rifampin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cephalothin, and cefaclor. However, in the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta region, 16.9% of isolates were moderately resistant to penicillin, and 10.8% were resistant to erythromycin and 6.2% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; the number resistant to two or more antibiotics increased significantly during surveillance. All multiply resistant isolates were serotype 6B, and all were from Alaska Native patients < 2 years old.
Parkinson
A J
AJ
Arctic Investigations Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, AK 99501.
Davidson
M
M
Fitzgerald
M A
MA
Bulkow
L R
LR
Parks
D J
DJ
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000413:Alaska; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000382:microbiology; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D007223:Infant; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D010994:Pleura / Q000382:microbiology; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000208:ethnology / Q000382:microbiology*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects; D013753:Tetracycline Resistance; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000494:pharmacology
D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D004917:Erythromycin; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination