Recognition of cellular receptors by bovine coronavirus.
Bovine coronavirus (BCV) initiates infection by attachment to cell surface receptors the crucial component of which is N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid. Inactivation of receptors by neuraminidase treatment and restoration of receptors by enzymatic resialylation of asialo-cells is described as a method to determine (i) the type of sialic acid that is recognized; (ii) the linkage specificity of the viral binding activity; (iii) the minimal amount of sialic acid required for virus attachment. Evidence is presented that both glycoproteins and glycolipids can serve as receptors for BCV provided they contain 9-O-acetylated sialic acid. A model is introduced proposing that after initial binding to sialic acid-containing receptors, the S-protein of BCV interacts with a specific protein receptor. This interaction may result in a conformational change that exposes a fusogenic domain and thus induces the fusion between the viral and the cellular membrane.
Schultze
B
B
Institut für Virologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
Herrler
G
G
D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D017938:Coronavirus, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000378:metabolism; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009982:Gammainfluenzavirus; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011485:Protein Binding; D000085064:Receptors, Coronavirus; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012794:Sialic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
D006017:Glycolipids; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000085064:Receptors, Coronavirus; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D012794:Sialic Acids; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C578557:spike glycoprotein, SARS-CoV; C578553:spike protein, mouse hepatitis virus