Serodiagnosis by passive hemagglutination test and verotoxin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections in patients with hemolytic-uremic syndrome.
Eight cases of hemolytic-uremic syndrome in which no pathogens were isolated were diagnosed serologically by a passive hemagglutination assay and a verotoxin (VT; Shiga-like toxin) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The passive hemagglutination assay employed formalinized sheep erythrocytes sensitized with soluble native antigen or heat-treated antigen (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) from Escherichia coli O26, O111, O128, and O157 or flagellar antigen of nine different H serogroups of E. coli: H2, H7, H8, H10, H11, H12, H18, H19, and H25. All patients had antibodies against the native antigen and/or the LPS of E. coli O157, but positive agglutination with H7 was observed only in one patient. In the VT-ELISA with plates coated with purified VT 1 or VT 2, antibody against VT 2 was observed in the sera of five of six patients examined, but none of the patients possessed VT 1 antibody. These results indicate that the causative pathogen in these eight hemolytic-uremic syndrome cases is likely to be VT-producing E. coli O157. The passive hemagglutination assay described here is a very sensitive, simple, and rapid method. This assay is highly recommended for the serological diagnosis of VT-producing E. coli infections, particularly in patients infected by serogroup O157 strains. Furthermore, the VT-ELISA is useful in studying the role of VT in hemolytic-uremic syndrome.
Yamada
S
S
Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Research Laboratory of Public Health, Japan.
Kai
A
A
Kudoh
Y
Y
D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000276:immunology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006386:Hemagglutination Tests / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006463:Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012698:Serologic Tests; D012756:Sheep; D022622:Shiga Toxin 1
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D022622:Shiga Toxin 1