Production of inflammatory mediators by human macrophages obtained from ascites.
Ascites is a readily available source of human macrophages (M phi), which can be used to study M phi functions in vitro. We characterized the mediators of inflammation produced by human peritoneal M phi (hp-M phi) obtained from patients with portal hypertension and ascites. The production of the cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was found to be lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration dependent (0-10 micrograms/ml) with a maximal production at 10 micrograms/ml and also dependent on the time of exposure to the stimulus (0-36 h). IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha production after LPS administration reached a plateau at 24 h. In vitro stimulation for 24 h with LPS does not influence the eicosanoid production from endogenous arachidonate. 13 min of exposure of the cells to the calcium ionophore A23187 gives a significant increase in eicosanoid production from both exogenous and endogenous arachidonate. The main eicosanoids produced are the 5-lipoxgenase products LTB4 and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE). The increase in production of the other eicosanoids is not significant. The eicosanoid production depends on the stimulus concentration. The optimal A23187 concentration is 1 microM. Oxygen radical production was measured in the M phi by a flowcytometric method. The fluorescence intensity of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate stimulated and dihydro-rhodamine 123 loaded hp-M phi increases significantly after 15 min. We conclude that LPS stimulation of hp-M phi from liver disease results in similar production of IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha, but that the profile of the eicosanoid production of these M phi stimulated with LPS and A23187 differs from M phi of other origin and species.
Pruimboom
W M
WM
Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Dijkzigt Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
van Dijk
A P
AP
Tak
C J
CJ
Bonta
I L
IL
Wilson
J H
JH
Zijlstra
F J
FJ
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000166:cytology*; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006893:Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016897:Respiratory Burst; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
D016207:Cytokines; D015777:Eicosanoids; D006893:Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D000001:Calcimycin; C022022:5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid