Antiepileptic drug hypersensitivity syndrome: in vitro and clinical observations.
Four patients who manifested symptoms of the antiepileptic drug (AED) hypersensitivity syndrome during therapy with carbamazepine are reported. In 3 patients, the syndrome was exacerbated after conversion of therapy to another antiepileptic drug with an aromatic ring chemical structure. In vitro lymphocyte transformation studies confirmed cross-reactivity to one or more aromatic AEDs in 3 patients. In all patients, discontinuation of aromatic AEDs resulted in resolution of symptoms and in 3 patients who required continued AED therapy, valproic acid was well tolerated.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco.
B K
BK
Alldredge
A P
AP
Knutsen
D
D
Ferriero
D000293:Adolescent; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage
D000927:Anticonvulsants; D002220:Carbamazepine; D014635:Valproic Acid