Continuous versus intermittent therapy for chronic hepatitis C with recombinant interferon alfa-2a.
OBJECTIVE
Prolonged interferon administration to patients with chronic hepatitis C, although increasing the sustained response rate, is poorly accepted and may favor drug resistance. A pulse-treatment schedule would be preferred for compliance and costs.


METHODS
One hundred thirty-five patients with chronic hepatitis C received 6 MU units of interferon alfa-2a, three times weekly, continuously for 9 months (group 1: 66 patients) or for two 3-month cycles, separated by 6 months pause (group 2: 69 patients).


RESULTS
At the end of therapy, 25 of 54 patients of group 1 (46.3%) and 28 of 60 of group 2 (46.7%) had normal serum aminotransferase levels. Six months after the end of treatment, sustained responders were still similar in the two groups (11 or 16.7% vs. 7 or 10.1%; NS). A loss of response before the end of therapy was seen in 10 patients of group 1 and 6 of group 2; interferon-neutralizing antibodies developed in 1 of 7 and 6 of 6 of such patients, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
The intermittent administration of interferon alfa-2a to patients with chronic hepatitis C shows a sustained response rate comparable with that achieved with continuous treatment at the same dosage. Hepatitis breakthroughs during pulse therapy appeared to be limited to interferon neutralizing antibodies, whereas a prolonged, continuous treatment is more likely to induce other forms of interferon resistance.
Negro
F
F
Department of Gastroenterology, Ospedale Molinette, Torino, Italy.
Baldi
M
M
Mondardini
A
A
Leandro
G
G
Chaneac
M
M
Manzini
P
P
Abate
M L
ML
Zahm
F
F
Dastoli
G
G
Ballaré
M
M
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000906:Antibodies / Q000378:metabolism; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
D000906:Antibodies; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins