Inactivation of visna virus and other enveloped viruses by free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
Human milk was found to become antiviral during storage at 4 degrees C because of the release of fatty acids by lipolysis. The stored milk caused more than a 10,000-fold inactivation of visna virus during incubation at 37 degrees C for 30 minutes. Medium-chain saturated and long-chain unsaturated fatty acids inactivated visna virus and other enveloped viruses causing more than a 3000-fold to 10,000-fold reduction in virus titer. 1-Monoglycerides and ethers of medium-chain fatty acids were more antiviral than the corresponding free fatty acids. Antiviral fatty acids were found to affect the viral envelope, causing leakage and, at higher concentrations, a complete disintegration of the envelope and the viral particles. Lipids commonly found in natural products could possibly be used as antiviral agents against enveloped viruses.
Institute of Biology, University of Iceland, Grensavegi, Reykjavík.
H
H
Thormar
C E
CE
Isaacs
K S
KS
Kim
H R
HR
Brown
D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004987:Ethers; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005989:Glycerides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry; D012756:Sheep; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014790:Visna-maedi virus / Q000187:drug effects*
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004987:Ethers; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D005989:Glycerides; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins