Structural similarity and diversity of sulfotransferases.
In the present study, four new forms of aryl sulfotransferase cDNAs have been isolated and their structures determined. A compilation of primary structures of 16 different sulfotransferases, including enzymes metabolizing endogenous chemicals and xenobiotics, showed a considerable extent of similarity among bacterial, plant and mammalian species, and indicates that these enzymes constitute a supergene family. Aryl sulfotransferase and estrogen sulfotransferase are shown to belong to a single gene family (ST1) which consists of at least four subfamilies, whereas, based on the sequence similarity, hydroxysteroid sulfotransferases constitute a distinct family (ST2). Little or no clear similarity was observed between the primary structures of enzymes N-sulfating aminosugars and those sulfating hydrophobic chemicals such as phenols, alcohols or amines, indicating that both types of enzymes diverged early in their evolutionary history. Two regions in the C-terminal parts are, however, conserved among all enzymes examined, which suggests a possibly essential role of these sites for the binding of a PAPS cofactor or for sulfate transfer.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
Y
Y
Yamazoe
K
K
Nagata
S
S
Ozawa
R
R
Kato
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D015239:Arylsulfotransferase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D051381:Rats; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015238:Sulfotransferases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism
D018076:DNA, Complementary; D015238:Sulfotransferases; D015239:Arylsulfotransferase; C028152:alcohol sulfotransferase; C020122:estrone sulfotransferase