Role of oxygen derivatives in the cytotoxicity and DNA damage produced by asbestos on rat pleural mesothelial cells in vitro.
The role of reactive oxygen metabolites in the toxic effects of asbestos on pleural mesothelial cells is not well defined. We exposed rat pleural mesothelial cells (RPMC) to chrysotile and crocidolite fibers (0-40 micrograms/cm2) in the presence or absence of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Cell injury was measured using the colorimetric 3-4 (5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and DNA damage was evaluated in terms of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS). Catalase (100 U/ml) and SOD (250 U/ml) protected RPMC against asbestos-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage. However, the inactivated enzymes and bovine serum albumin also showed some protection, suggesting that the effect of antioxidant enzymes may be partly related to their protein nature. These results suggest that oxygen derivatives are partly involved in the toxic effects of asbestos on cultures of RPMC. The presence of extracellular proteins may also decrease asbestos-produced toxicity by reducing the degree of RPMC-fiber interaction.
Laboratory of Environmental Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 139, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil, France.
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Dong
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Buard
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Renier
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Lévy
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Saint-Etienne
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Jaurand
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001194:Asbestos / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000494:pharmacology; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D004848:Epithelium / Q000473:pathology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D010994:Pleura / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000494:pharmacology
D000975:Antioxidants; D001194:Asbestos; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase