Relationship between dietary intake and plasma concentrations of carotenoids in premenopausal women: application of the USDA-NCI carotenoid food-composition database.
The diet-plasma relationships for carotenoids were examined in a group of 98 nonsmoking premenopausal women who participated in the cross-sectional phase of the National Cancer Institute (NCI)-US Department of Agriculture (USDA) diet study on alcohol-hormone metabolism, 1988-90. With use of the newly developed USDA-NCI carotenoid food-composition database, the mean daily intakes of carotenoids were significantly higher when estimated from the food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) than from the 7-d diet records. Lycopene (mean = 0.58 mmol/L), lutein plus zeaxanthin (mean = 0.46 mmol/L), and beta-carotene (mean = 0.34 mmol/L) were the major plasma carotenoids. After adjustment for body mass index, energy and alcohol intakes, and total plasma cholesterol concentration, the following significant correlation (P < 0.05) were observed between the diet record and the FFQ-estimated carotenoid intakes and their respective plasma concentrations: alpha-carotene (r = 0.58 vs 0.49), beta-carotene (r = 0.51 vs 0.49), beta-cryptoxanthin (r = 0.49 vs 0.36), lutein plus zeaxanthin (r = 0.31 vs 0.37), lycopene (r = 0.50 vs 0.26), and total carotenoids (r = 0.57 vs 0.49). These data indicate that plasma carotenoid concentrations are reflective of dietary intake, but the magnitude of the correlation varies depending on the specific carotenoid and on the dietary assessment tool.
Yong
L C
LC
Cancer Prevention Studies Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20892.
Forman
M R
MR
Beecher
G R
GR
Graubard
B I
BI
Campbell
W S
WS
Reichman
M E
ME
Taylor
P R
PR
Lanza
E
E
Holden
J M
JM
Judd
J T
JT
D000328:Adult; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017697:Premenopause / Q000097:blood*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D002338:Carotenoids