Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seroconversion in women with genital ulcers.
Genital ulcers are implicated as a risk factor enhancing susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. A prospective study to determine the incidence of and risk factors associated with acquisition of HIV-1 in women with genital ulcers was done. HIV-1-seronegative women with genital ulcers attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases in Nairobi were followed to HIV-1 seroconversion over a 6-month period. Of 81 women, 10 seroconverted to HIV-1. The crude 6-month incidence of HIV-1 infection was 12%. Risk factors associated with seroconversion included cervical ectopy (rate ratio [RR], 4.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-15.6) and pelvic inflammatory disease (RR, 6.3; 95% CI, 1.9-20.4). Thus, cervical ectopy and pelvic inflammatory disease may increase susceptibility to HIV-1 in women with genital ulcers.
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
P J
PJ
Plourde
J
J
Pepin
E
E
Agoki
A R
AR
Ronald
J
J
Ombette
M
M
Tyndall
M
M
Cheang
J O
JO
Ndinya-Achola
L J
LJ
D'Costa
F A
FA
Plummer
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000002:abnormalities; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000150:complications*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000150:complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D011477:Sex Work; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D014456:Ulcer / Q000150:complications