Angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene polymorphisms in human essential hypertension.
We conducted the present study to determine whether the angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1) gene might be implicated in human essential hypertension by using case-control and linkage studies. The entire coding and 3' untranslated regions of the AT1 receptor gene (2.2 kb) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and submitted to single-strand conformation polymorphism in 60 hypertensive subjects with a familial susceptibility. We identified five polymorphisms (T573-->C, A1062-->G, A1166-->C, G1517-->T, and A1878-->G). However, no mutations that alter the encoded amino acid sequence were detected. A case-control study performed on white hypertensive (n = 206; blood pressure, 168 +/- 16/103 +/- 9 mm Hg) and normotensive (n = 298; blood pressure, 122 +/- 10/75 +/- 9 mm Hg) subjects using three of five polymorphisms showed a significant increase in allelic frequency of C1166 in hypertensive subjects (0.36 versus 0.28 for normotensive subjects, chi 2 = 6.8, P < .01). Frequencies for the alleles of the other two polymorphisms (T573-->C, A1878-->G) were similar in both groups. We performed a linkage study using the affected sib pair method and a highly polymorphic marker of the AT1 receptor gene. There was no evidence for linkage in 267 sib pairs analyzed from 138 pedigrees. These findings would be compatible with a common variant of the AT1 receptor imparting a small effect on blood pressure; further studies will be needed to address this possibility.
INSERM U36, Collège de France, Paris.
A
A
Bonnardeaux
E
E
Davies
X
X
Jeunemaitre
I
I
Féry
A
A
Charru
E
E
Clauser
L
L
Tiret
F
F
Cambien
P
P
Corvol
F
F
Soubrier
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1; D002893:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000235:genetics*
D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; D000804:Angiotensin II