Psychological characteristics and subjective intolerance for xenobiotic agents of normal young adults with trait shyness and defensiveness. A parkinsonian-like personality type?
The present study examines the psychological characteristics and self-reported responses to xenobiotic agents such as tobacco smoke and pesticide of normal young adults with personality traits similar to those claimed for Parkinsonian patients. Previous research, though controversial, has suggested that persons with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) have premorbid personality traits that may include shyness and repressive defensiveness. Other epidemiological evidence indicates that PD patients may have premorbidly increased prevalence of anxiety, affective, and/or somatoform disorders; decreased rates of smoking and alcohol consumption; and elevated exposure to herbicides or pesticides. A total of 783 college students enrolled in an introductory psychology course completed the Cheek-Buss Scale (shyness), the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (defensiveness), Symptom Checklist 90 (revised), the Mastery Scale, a health history checklist, and rating scales for frequency of illness from alcohol and 10 common environmental chemicals. Subjects were divided into four groups on the basis of above- versus below-median scores on the Cheek-Buss and Marlowe-Crowne scales (persons high in shyness and defensiveness, those high only in shyness, those high only in defensiveness, and those low in both shyness and defensiveness). The group high in shyness but low in defensiveness had the highest, whereas the group low in shyness but high in defensiveness had the lowest, total scores on the SCL-90-R; the two shyest groups were lowest in sense of mastery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Bell
I R
IR
Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson 85724.
Schwartz
G E
GE
Amend
D
D
Peterson
J M
JM
Kaszniak
A W
AW
Miller
C S
CS
D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D006801:Humans; D007281:Ink; D009017:Morbidity; D009524:Newspapers as Topic; D009812:Odorants; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D010551:Personality; D010555:Personality Inventory; D010575:Pesticides / Q000009:adverse effects; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors; D012792:Shyness; D012928:Social Desirability; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000009:adverse effects
D010575:Pesticides; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D015262:Xenobiotics