Pre- and post-synaptic modulators of excitatory neurotransmission: comparative effects on hypoxia/hypoglycemia in cortical cultures.
Neuron-enriched cultures from embryonic rat cerebral cortex were exposed to hypoxia and hypoglycemia, and the resulting cellular injury was quantified by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, which was maximal after 20-24 h. The increase in LDH release produced by hypoxia/hypoglycemia was prevented by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists, but not by three classes of drugs thought to modulate glutamate release: Ca2+ channel antagonists (nimodipine, omega-conotoxin GVIA, omega-agatoxin-IVA), KATP channel activators (cromakalim, diazoxide), and glutamate transport inhibitors (dihydrokainate, DL-threo-beta-hydroxyaspartate).
Koretz
B
B
Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco.
von B Ahern
K
K
Wang
N
N
Lustig
H S
HS
Greenberg
D A
DA
D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000494:pharmacology; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D019806:Cromakalim; D003981:Diazoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D005971:Glutamates / Q000378:metabolism; D007003:Hypoglycemia; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors
D001578:Benzopyrans; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D005971:Glutamates; D015221:Potassium Channels; D011758:Pyrroles; D011810:Quinoxalines; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D019806:Cromakalim; C011274:3-hydroxyaspartic acid; D001224:Aspartic Acid; C020889:dihydrokainic acid; C056723:FG 9041; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D003981:Diazoxide; D007608:Kainic Acid