Adeno-associated virus (AAV) Rep proteins mediate complex formation between AAV DNA and its integration site in human DNA.
AAV is unique among eukaryotic viruses in the ability of its DNA to integrate preferentially into a specific region of the human genome. Understanding AAV integration may aid in developing gene therapy systems with predictable integration sites. Using a gel mobility-shift assay, we have identified a DNA sequence within the AAV integration locus on human chromosome 19 which is specifically bound by the AAV Rep78 and Rep68 proteins. This Rep recognition sequence is a GCTC repeating motif very similar to sequences within the inverted terminal repeats of the AAV genome which are also bound by Rep78 and Rep68. Cloned oligonucleotides containing the recognition sequence can direct specific binding by Rep proteins. Binding assays with mutant Rep proteins show that the amino-terminal portion of Rep78 and Rep68 can direct binding to either the AAV terminal repeat hairpin DNA or chromosome 19. This human genomic DNA can be complexed with AAV DNA by Rep proteins as demonstrated by a dual-label (32P/biotin) assay. These results suggest a role for Rep in targeting viral integration.
Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.
M D
MD
Weitzman
S R
SR
Kyöstiö
R M
RM
Kotin
R A
RA
Owens
D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D002888:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004265:DNA Helicases; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000229:Dependovirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D008745:Methylation; D008961:Models, Structural; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators; D016662:Virus Integration
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004279:DNA, Viral; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; C045264:replication initiator protein; D004247:DNA; D004265:DNA Helicases