Production and use of anti-FcR bispecific antibodies.
Bispecific antibodies (BsAb) are antibodies with two different specificities. BsAb composed of anti-Fc gamma R Ab linked to anti-target Ab have been useful in exploring the function of the three classes of human Fc gamma R. In addition, BsAb have been developed as new agents for immunotherapy which can join together different molecules or cells. In directed or redirected cytotoxicity, BsAb that bind both to target cells (pathogens or tumors) and to triggering molecules on leukocytes such as Fc gamma R are used to focus normal cellular immune defense mechanisms specifically to the tumor cell or infectious agent. Limited clinical trials have demonstrated little toxicity and promising responses. This ability to redirect normal cytotoxic mechanisms to kill tumors, infectious agents, or infected cells makes BsAb powerful new therapeutic tools. In addition, BsAb are being used to target other appropriate molecules to Fc gamma R, including antigens as vaccine adjuvants and immune complexes. This review focuses on BsAb in which one specificity is directed to Fc gamma R on human leukocytes. It considers applications of these reagents and discusses the progress toward an understanding of the construction and use of BsAb in therapy.
Fanger
M W
MW
Department of Microbiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756.
Graziano
R F
RF
Guyre
P M
PM
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000276:immunology*; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D014612:Vaccines