title: Radiation therapy enhances the therapeutic effect of immunotherapy on pulmonary metastases in a murine renal adenocarcinoma model.
abstract: In order to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy, we have evaluated the effects of radiation therapy combined with interleukin 2 (IL-2) treatment in a murine metastatic renal adenocarcinoma model (Renca). Pulmonary metastases were induced in Balb/c mice by intravenous injection of Renca and five days later a sublethal dose of radiation (300 rads) was administered either to the whole body or to the left lung only. One day following radiation, immunotherapy was given for 5 consecutive days of IL-2 at 5,000 Cetus units intraperitoneally, twice daily. The animals were either sacrificed on day 23 or 33 to assess tumor burden, or were followed for long term survival. We found that pretreatment with irradiation greatly enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy and was manifested by a significant reduction in pulmonary metastases and an increase in survival. When combined with immunotherapy, local tumor irradiation was not only as effective as whole body irradiation, but irradiation of one lung reduced the number of metastases similarly in both lungs. This suggests that local tumor irradiation may act through a systemic mechanism to increase the anti-tumor response mediated by IL-2 therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chakrabarty
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Hillman
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Maughan
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Pontes
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Haas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins