title: Corrective treatment and anatomic considerations for laparoscopic cholecystectomy injuries.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Complete reports of biliary and vascular injuries after laparoscopic cholecystectomy are rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients with complex laparoscopic cholecystectomy injuries underwent corrective operations. The injuries consisted of 14 bile duct injuries and one large laceration of a cirrhotic liver. Five of the bile duct injuries were accompanied by inadvertent occlusion of the right hepatic artery, and one was further complicated by portal vein occlusion. One hepatic artery occlusion and one portal vein occlusion were successfully reconstructed. Two patients with arterial occlusion required right hepatic lobectomy. Corrective biliary operations consisted of common hepaticojejunostomy (seven cases), right and left hepaticojejunostomies (one case), right anterior and left hepaticojejunostomies (two cases), right hepaticojejunostomy (one case), right posterior hepaticojejunostomy (one case), and left hepaticojejunostomy after right lobectomy (two cases).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Except for a patient with a severe laceration of a cirrhotic liver who died as a result of hepatic failure, the remaining 14 patients are alive and well with normal hepatic function tests at six and 37 months after corrective operations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A knowledge of anatomy is critical to the prevention of injuries to the hepatobiliary tree and related structures during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Madariaga
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Dodson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Selby
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Todo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwatsuki
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Starzl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged