title: Clearance study for the estimation of glomerular filtration of Cd following the intravenous bolus of CdCl2 and Cd-saturated metallothionein-II in rats.
abstract: A clearance study of Cd was carried out in rats that had received an intravenous bolus of CdCl2 or Cd-saturated metallothionein-II (Cd-MT-II) at 0.3 mg Cd/kg body weight. Urinary concentrations of Cd, and those corrected by the urine-plasma inulin ratio, were higher, by 2 or 3 orders of magnitude, for Cd-MT-II than for CdCl2. Fractional clearance of Cd was 0.0006 to 0.0029 for CdCl2, and 0.130 to 0.487 for Cd-MT-II. These findings denoted that the glomerular filtration of Cd was greater in the Cd-MT-II administration than in CdCl2 administration. This difference in the glomerular filtration of Cd gave a clear explanation for the greater nephrotoxic potential of Cd-MT-II. Also, our data revealed that when Cd was administered as Cd-MT-II, the concentration of Cd was 20 to 70 times higher at the end-point of the renal tubules than at its starting-point. This and the histopathological reports so far strongly suggest that the distally located tubules are highly resistant to intraluminal Cd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Higashi-Nippon-Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Terui
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sudo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000652:urine; D019256:Cadmium Chloride; D002712:Chlorides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; C004203:cadmium-binding protein; D002104:Cadmium; D008668:Metallothionein; D019256:Cadmium Chloride