title: A 210-mumol dose of vitamin A provides more prolonged impact on vitamin A status than 105 mumol among preschool children.
abstract: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to determine the relative protection afforded by two large doses of vitamin A against subclinical vitamin A deficiency among 345 preschool children. At baseline, children either had or were at high risk of developing non-corneal xerophthalmia. Vitamin A status was assessed by the relative dose response (RDR) test, serum retinol concentration, and ocular examination before and 3 and 6 mo following one oral dose of 105 mumol or 210 mumol of vitamin A. At 3 and 6 mo, mean serum retinol concentration was significantly higher in the 210-mumol group than in the 105-mumol group. The proportion of children with a positive RDR did not differ between groups at 3 mo, but by 6 mo there were three times more children positive in the 105-mumol group. Most of the observed difference was confined to children with xerophthalmia at baseline. The relative benefit of the 210-mumol dose was related to baseline vitamin A status. The current World Health Organization recommended prophylactic dose of 210 mumol seems appropriate.
authors.affiliation: Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins Schools of Medicine and Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Humphrey
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Natadisastra
authors.lastname: Muhilal
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tielsch
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sommer
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014802:Vitamin A Deficiency / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014985:Xerophthalmia / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D014801:Vitamin A