title: The clinical application of research utilization: amphotericin B.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the first application of the research utilization process by clinical nurses using the Stetler-Marram Model of Research Utilization to the practice of amphotericin B administration; to share the findings; and to discuss issues encountered in the process and their solutions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Published articles identified through computerized literature searches, published abstracts and books, personal communication with one author, and an informal survey of other cancer centers' amphotericin B infusion practices; research articles were selected for review if studies included settings and patient populations similar to those of the authors and if they used experimental designs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Studies were reviewed for scientific merit and clinical applicability according to the Stetler-Marram model; findings were used to develop a specific nursing protocol for infusion times of amphotericin B based on clinical criteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Stetler-Marram model helped staff nurses decide how to apply research findings to practice, although using it was difficult and required mentorship. A research base exists for amphotericin B administration time but not for test doses or premedications to prevent or minimize side effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Staff nurses can use the Stetler-Marram model but need resources and support from individuals, committees, and administration. A specific protocol representing a practice change was implemented and may be applicable to other settings.
authors.affiliation: Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Reedy
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Shivnan
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hanson
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Haisfield
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Gregory
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015400:Clinical Nursing Research / Q000458:organization & administration*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011292:Premedication; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000666:Amphotericin B