title: The genetic code-function and evolution.
abstract: The genetic code is reviewed from the standpoints of its function and evolution. The code has probably always consisted of 64 units (codons), each containing three bases. Each codon pairs with a three-base anticodon that is part of an adaptor molecule. The adaptors are transfer RNA molecules that are each joined to a specific amino acid. Many departures from the universal code have recently been discovered. These are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Oakland, CA 94608.
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Jukes
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D005075:Biological Evolution; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D005815:Genetic Code; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000378:metabolism; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D003062:Codon; D012343:RNA, Transfer