title: The effects of gender and type of diabetes on HDL-cholesterol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the influence of gender and type of Diabetes on plasma lipoproteins and post-heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase activities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional study of 22 lean Type 2 diabetic subjects (11 men, 11 women) individually matched for gender, BMI and HbA1 with 22 Type 1 (C-peptide negative) diabetic subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples were taken for fasting lipids and post heparin samples were obtained for estimation of post heparin lipolytic activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In men, HDL-Cholesterol was higher in Type 1 diabetes [1.56 (range 0.97-2.27) vs 1.07 (0.54-1.78) mmol/l, p = 0.009] and this was reflected in both HDL2-cholesterol [0.42 (0.02-1.36) vs 0.22 (0.01-0.90) mmol/l, p = 0.05] and HDL3-cholesterol [1.00 (0.75-1.51) vs 0.72 (0.53-0.87) mmol/l, p = 0.02] subfractions while serum triglyceride concentrations were similar. Lipoprotein lipase activity was higher in men with Type 1 diabetes [16.2 (6.2-42.4) vs 9.77 (5.6-22.6) mmol/h/l, p = 0.02] while hepatic lipase activities were similar [15.7 (9.3-23.0) vs 14.0 (6.8-24.0) mmol/h/l, NS). In women, there were no significant differences between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in triglycerides, HDL-C, HDL2 or HDL3. Lipoprotein lipase activity was higher in Type 1 women [19.3 (14.1-35.7) vs 11.0 (7.2-15.2) mmol/h-1 1-1, p = 0.0006] but lipatic lipase activity was also higher [12.1 (4.8-20.5) vs 7.3 (2.3-21.4) mmol/h-1 1-1, p = 0.023].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In non-obese diabetic subjects, men with Type 1 diabetes have higher HDL-cholesterol than those with Type 2 diabetes, possibly due to the action of peripheral insulin on lipoprotein lipase activity, while in women, HDL-cholesterol concentrations were similar in Type 1 and Type 2 subjects possibly because of lowered lipatic lipase activity in Type 2 women which offsets the increased lipoprotein lipase activity of the Type 1 women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Merrin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baynes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Richmond
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Elkeles
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008049:Lipase / Q000097:blood; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000097:blood; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D008049:Lipase; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides