title: Pregnancy alterations following xenobiotic-induced delays in ovulation in the female rat.
abstract: Chlordimeform [N'-(4-chloro-o-tolyl)-N,N-dimethylformamidine] has been shown to cause a 1-day delay in the surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) in ovariectomized, steroid-primed female rats, presumably through its ability to block CNS alpha-noradrenergic receptors and consequently CNS regulation of anterior pituitary function. In the present study, we determined whether a chlordimeform-induced delay in the ovulatory surge of LH would alter pregnancy outcome in intact females. Chlordimeform (50 mg/kg) or sodium pentobarbital (35 mg/kg), as a positive control, was administered in order to delay ovulation 24 (1-day delay) or 48 hr (2-day delay). Females were then housed with proven fertile males on the evening of proestrus (0-day delay group), the following evening (1-day delay group), or the evening after that (2-day delay group). The number of receptive females in each group, the mean lordosis quotient, and the number of sperm-positive females in each group were recorded. All females were killed on Gestation Day 20. The number of pregnant females in the 1- or 2-day delay groups was reduced with both chlordimeform and pentobarbital. Also, delaying ovulation for 1 or 2 days with either compound resulted in a significant reduction in the number of live pups present on Gestation Day 20 and a decrease in the number of implantation sites. Litter size was not affected if the females were mated on the same day that treatment was administered (0-day delay).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Rehnberg
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: McElroy
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Stoker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002742:Chlorphenamidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D008098:Litter Size / Q000187:drug effects; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010060:Ovulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010424:Pentobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D015262:Xenobiotics; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D002742:Chlorphenamidine; D010424:Pentobarbital