title: False positive widal reaction in high-titer disseminated BCG infection.
abstract: False-positive Widal reactions following certain non-typhoid Salmonella infections may occur commonly. The case of a patient who developed miliary tuberculosis secondary to intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy for bladder carcinoma is described. Very high titers of typhoid and paratyphoid agglutinins were obtained with the Widal test; these titers returned to normal after successful anti-tuberculous treatment. This case of high-titer, false-positive Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A and B reactions to BCG infection occurred in an area non-endemic for typhoid or paratyphoid fever.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Patras University Medical School, University Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skoutelis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dimitrakopoulos
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bassaris
mesh_terms: D000372:Agglutination Tests; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000628:therapy*; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000276:immunology*; D014391:Tuberculosis, Miliary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D001500:BCG Vaccine