title: Blood and/or lymphatic connection of laryngo-pharynx and thyroid: an anatomic and clinical problem.
abstract: Three patients, undergoing surgery for pharyngeal carcinoma, were studied after their informed consence in the aim of ascertaining: 1) whether the routinary hemithyroidectomy in case of surgical treatment of the cancer of pyriform sinus is justified by a real probability of neoplastic invasion of the gland, and 2) which pathway the neoplasia follows in the metastatic process. In each patient a small amount of methylene blue solution was injected in the pyriform sinus submucosa, just before starting the surgical operation, currently including hemithyroidectomy. The stain spreads to the superior portion of the thyroid lobe, and seems to follow the periarterial lymphatic vessels. Even if further researches are necessary, the obtained data seem to justify routinary thyroidectomy in course of surgical treatment of the hypopharyngeal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Anatomia umana normale Università di Sassari.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gulisano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pirino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Montella
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007830:Larynx / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply; D008208:Lymphatic System / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008751:Methylene Blue; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000473:pathology*; D010610:Pharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D010614:Pharynx / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D013965:Thyroidectomy
chemical_list: D008751:Methylene Blue