title: Isolated symptomatic midcervical stenosis of the internal carotid artery.
abstract: All carotid arteriograms performed between January 1, 1986 and December 31, 1991 were reviewed for instances of midcervical carotid stenosis. Sixteen cases were identified. A stenosis related to the hypoglossal nerve was specifically identified in three operative reports in the retrospective review. Pathologic examinations of the specimens confirmed the presence of atherosclerotic plaque or fibrous dysplasia. In another case, relief of intermittent neurologic symptoms (TIAs) was obtained by division of the stylohyoid ligament. Prospective observation of five cases confirmed a stenosis immediately distal to a transverse neurofascial band formed by the hypoglossal nerve, which arose with the vagus nerve in three patients, and a large cervical contribution to the ansa hypoglossi in two. Presumably the lesion was caused by the turbulent flow in the internal carotid artery distal to the band. Isolated stenosis of the midcervical internal carotid artery unrelated to bifurcation disease may be the result of turbulence induced by tethering neural or myofascial bands.
authors.affiliation: Surgical Service, John L. McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Ranval
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Solis
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Vitti
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Gagne
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Eidt
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Barone
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Harshfield
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Read
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002548:Cerebral Revascularization; D003389:Cranial Nerve Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007002:Hypoglossal Nerve; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies