title: Glyoxalase system in clinical diabetes mellitus and correlation with diabetic complications.
abstract: 1. The metabolism of methylglyoxal by the glyoxalase system may be linked to the development of diabetic complications. The glyoxalase system was characterized in blood samples from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (n = 43), patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (n = 107) and 21 normal healthy control subjects. 2. The concentrations of glyoxalase metabolites, methylglyoxal, S-D-lactoylglutathione and D-lactate, were increased in diabetic patients, relative to normal control subjects: methylglyoxal [median, range (n) pmol/g], insulin-dependent patients, 470.7, 85.6-1044.3 (42), P < 0.001, non-insulin-dependent patients, 286.8, 54.7-2370 (105), P < 0.001, control subjects, 79.8, 25.3-892.9 (21); S-D-lactoylglutathione [mean +/- SD (n)pmol/10(6) erythrocytes], combined diabetic patients, 3.37 +/- 0.85 (24), control subjects 4.76 +/- 1.95 (8) P < 0.05; D-lactate [mean +/- SD or median, range (n)nmol/g], insulin dependent patients, median 18.3, 5.7-57.4 (42), P < 0.001, non-insulin-dependent patients, 20.0 +/- 8.9, 2.6-48.4 (105), P < 0.001, control subjects 9.7 +/- 4.3, 1.8-19.7 (21). The reduced glutathione concentrations in blood samples from the insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetic patient groups were not different from the control group values (P > 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, University of Essex, Colchester, U.K.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: McLellan
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Thornalley
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benn
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Sonksen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000201:enzymology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000378:metabolism; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000378:metabolism; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000378:metabolism; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid; D007791:Lactoylglutathione Lyase / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005978:Glutathione; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D007773:Lactates; D019344:Lactic Acid; D007791:Lactoylglutathione Lyase; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde; C013585:S-lactoylglutathione