title: Heterosexuals and HIV disease: a controlled investigation into the psychosocial factors associated with psychiatric morbidity.
abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of current and past psychiatric morbidity among HIV seropositive and HIV seronegative heterosexual men and women and to identify the psychosocial factors associated with psychiatric morbidity. Twenty-four asymptomatic HIV seropositive and twenty-six HIV seronegative heterosexuals were included in the study. Outcome measures included socio-demographic data, psychiatric history, current psychological status (Zung Self-Report Anxiety Scale, Zung Self-Report Depression Scale, Symptom Check List 90-R), Social Supports and Locus of Control Scales, and information on changes in work, social, and sexual life after HIV testing. There were no significant differences between HIV seropositive heterosexuals and HIV seronegative controls on any of the outcome measures. Levels of psychiatric morbidity were generally low and similar to those expected in a general out-patient medical population. Multiple regression analyses showed that degree of social support was the only significant factor associated with psychiatric morbidity. The implications of the findings are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, University of Milan Medical School, Ospedale Policlinico, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pergami
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gala
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burgess
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Invernizzi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Catalan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000523:psychology* / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D010555:Personality Inventory; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012803:Sick Role; D012944:Social Support