title: Incidence, racial differences, and prognostic significance of prostate carcinomas diagnosed with obstructive symptoms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is unknown how often prostate carcinomas are diagnosed as a result of urinary obstructive symptoms or whether prostate carcinomas diagnosed because of obstructive symptoms have a favorable or unfavorable prognosis. It is also unknown whether racial differences in obstructive symptoms could help explain why black men with prostate carcinoma are diagnosed with more advanced stages and grades of prostate carcinoma than are white men with prostate carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  At a single Veterans Administration Medical Center, 478 consecutive cases of prostate carcinoma diagnosed between 1973 and 1985 were identified. The incidence of obstructive symptoms at diagnosis, racial differences in obstructive symptoms, and the survival of patients with and without obstructive symptoms, stratified by stage and grade, were determined. In addition, racial differences in the frequency of surgical intervention required to relieve the obstructive symptoms were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients diagnosed with Stage A prostate carcinoma and most (82%) patients diagnosed with Stage C prostate carcinoma had obstructive symptoms. Those diagnosed with Stage B and Stage D prostate carcinomas had with similar frequencies (53% and 55%, respectively) of obstructive symptoms. Survival, stratified by stage and grade, was similar for men with and without obstructive symptoms. The incidences of obstructive symptoms and the frequency of surgical intervention to relieve the obstructive symptoms, stage for stage, were similar for white and black men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Survival, stratified by stage and grade, is not affected adversely by obstructive symptoms. Neither racial differences in the incidence of obstructive symptoms nor the frequency with which obstructive symptoms require surgical correction explain why black men with CAP consistently are diagnosed more frequently with Stage D prostate carcinoma and less frequently with Stage A CAP than white men with CAP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105.
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Brawn
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: V O
authors.initials: VO
authors.lastname: Speights
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Riggs
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kuhl
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Abel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044383:Black People; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate; D014524:Urethral Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D044465:White People