title: Catabolic hormones alone fail to reproduce the stress-induced efflux of amino acids.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the impact of catabolic hormones on the pattern of amino acid efflux from human skeletal muscle during stress.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort analytical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Burn intensive care unit and clinical research facility at a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients with severe burns and five healthy volunteers of similar size and age.
  
  
  METHODS
  The net balance of amino acids across the leg was determined in five healthy volunteers prior to and following a 2-hour infusion of the catabolic hormones epinephrine, cortisol, and glucagon into the femoral artery. These results were compared with amino acid net balance measurements in five severely burned patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hormonal simulation of stress in the normal volunteers increased glutamine efflux from the leg to an extent similar to that of the burn patients. Alanine efflux, however, was not affected by the hormonal infusion. Because alanine efflux constituted a major proportion of the total peripheral amino acid catabolism in the burn patients, there was significantly less total amino acid nitrogen loss from the healthy volunteers receiving the stress hormones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Catabolic hormones alone fail to reproduce the stress-induced pattern and quantity of amino acid efflux from human skeletal muscle. This discrepancy is largely due to an unresponsiveness of alanine to hormonally induced muscle protein catabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Gore
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jahoor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000409:Alanine / Q000378:metabolism; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002056:Burns / Q000378:metabolism*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005934:Glucagon / Q000494:pharmacology; D006728:Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D006728:Hormones; D005934:Glucagon; D000409:Alanine; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D004837:Epinephrine