title: Adjuvanted subunit vaccines for the control of Salmonella enteritidis infection in turkeys.
abstract: Liposomes and immunostimulating complexes (ISCOM) are adjuvants that have been known to potentiate the immune response to membrane proteins. Adjuvanted outer membrane proteins (OMP) from Salmonella enteritidis were evaluated for their protective efficacy against S enteritidis infection in turkeys. The adjuvanted vaccines prepared for evaluation were: positive or negatively charged liposomes, lipid-conjugated ISCOM, and mineral oil vaccines. These preparations were compared with that of a whole cell bacterin and protein alone. After vaccination, turkeys were challenge-exposed with a nalidixic acid-resistant strain of S enteritidis. They were monitored for clinical signs of disease, antibody response, bacterial shedding pattern, and clearance of the challenge S enteritidis from internal organs. Results indicated a significantly (P < 0.05) higher antibody response to the positively charged liposomal OMP vaccine, compared with the whole cell bacterin. The antibody response to positively charged liposomal OMP vaccine was greater when a booster dose of this preparation was given. Shedding of S enteritidis was decreased in all vaccinated and challenge-exposed turkeys (P < 0.001). The tissues from a high percentage (90 to 100%) of birds that received a booster vaccination of the liposomal (+ or -) and ISCOM vaccine were culture-negative for S enteritidis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul 55108.
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Charles
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: C U
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: K V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Nagaraja
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sivanandan
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D008081:Liposomes; D011201:Poultry Diseases; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis; D014422:Turkeys
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D008081:Liposomes