title: Quantification of duodenogastric reflux in patients with choledochoduodenostomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Frequently, patients present with symptoms after cholecystectomy (pain or discomfort in the upper part of the abdomen, postprandial fullness, bile vomiting, among others). Duodenogastric reflux has been associated with these symptoms in some patients. Therefore, this study was done to investigate this relationship.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated duodenogastric reflux (DGR) in ten healthy patients, in ten patients who had asymptomatic simple cholecystectomy, in ten patients who had asymptomatic cholecystectomy with supraduodenal choledochoduodenostomy (CD), and in ten patients who had cholecystectomy plus CD followed by discomfort in the upper abdomen, postprandial fullness and bile vomiting, but no colicky pain or acute cholangitis. Duodenogastric reflux was quantified using continuous intravenous infusion of technetium-99m labeled hepatoiminodiacetic acid (99mTc-HIDA) and subsequently determining its concentration in gastric juice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All of the patients who underwent operation, whatever the technique used, had higher reflux rates than those in the control group (p < 0.001). Moreover, reflux rates were comparable in the patients who underwent simple cholecystectomy compared with patients in the asymptomatic cholecystectomy plus CD group. Conversely, when patients with cholecystectomy plus CD presented with discomfort in the upper part of the abdomen as well as bile vomiting, they had higher reflux rates than patients who underwent simple cholecystectomy (p < 0.001) and asymptomatic patients with associated CD (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that DGR must be involved in the genesis of these dyspeptic symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Virgen de la Arrixaca Hospital University, University of Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lujan-Mompean
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Torralba-Martinez
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parrilla-Paricio
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Robles-Campos
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liron-Ruiz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Romero
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology; D001646:Bile; D002763:Cholecystectomy; D002768:Choledochostomy; D004383:Duodenogastric Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007098:Imino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019780:Technetium Tc 99m Lidofenin; D014839:Vomiting / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D007098:Imino Acids; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D019780:Technetium Tc 99m Lidofenin