title: Gallstone recurrence and gallbladder function following percutaneous cholecystolithotomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency of recurrent symptoms and gallstones following successful percutaneous cholecystolithotomy (PCCL) and to evaluate the effect of the procedure on gallbladder function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1988 and 1991, 32 patients underwent successful PCCL for the treatment of symptomatic gallstones. Outcome was assessed clinically (mean follow-up, 24 months) in 31 patients and by means of serial ultrasound examination (mean follow-up, 26 months) in 23 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Symptomatic relief following the procedure was good, with only five of 31 patients (16%) experiencing recurrent symptoms during the follow-up period. Eight patients died of unrelated causes with no recurrence of symptoms. Nine (39%) of the remaining 23 patients have either retained gallstone fragments (four patients [16%]) or recurrent gallstones (five patients [22%]). Gallbladder motility was studied after PCCL in 10 patients, including four with retained or recurrent stones, and nine gallbladders were shown to be functioning well.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PCCL is a useful treatment for symptomatic gallstones in patients at high risk for surgery. It preserves gallbladder function, but recurrent gallstones are a significant problem.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arger
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cope
mesh_terms: D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016473:Gallbladder Emptying / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014580:Ursodeoxycholic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014580:Ursodeoxycholic Acid