title: Constipation as a side effect of opioids.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the phenomenon of opioid-induced constipation and its treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Published books and journal articles; commercial pharmacologic information.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients receiving opioid analgesia are at risk for constipation and its complications. A number of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions are available to prevent and treat this problem.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Discomfort from this opioid side effect can be particularly distressing to patients with cancer who already suffer from pain. Accurate assessment and individualized interventions are needed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Collaboration with physicians to determine appropriate drug or nondrug interventions and patient and family education regarding the problem, preventive action, and appropriate treatment methods.
authors.affiliation: Elmhurst Memorial Hospital, IL.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Canty
mesh_terms: D002400:Cathartics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003248:Constipation / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000451:nursing / Q000628:therapy; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004064:Digestive System / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D009294:Narcotics / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D002400:Cathartics; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D009294:Narcotics