title: Prevalence of fluorosis and other enamel defects related to caries among adults in communities with optimal and low water fluoride concentrations.
abstract: The aim of this Swedish study, performed in 1982, was to determine the prevalence of fluorotic and nonfluorotic enamel defects among adults in areas with optimal and low fluoride concentrations in water. The fluorosis prevalence was also related to caries prevalence in these areas. The study was based on clinical examinations of subjects born between 1939-1951 who had been drinking water with a fluoride content representative of their area of residence all their lives. This water was the only appreciable source of fluoride during tooth formation. Two hundred and sixty individuals living in the optimal fluoride area were included in the study and 236 individuals from the low fluoride area. The results showed first, a low prevalence of mild dental fluorosis in the area with optimal fluoride content in its drinking water; secondly, a low prevalence of non-fluorotic enamel defects, which was, however, higher in the low fluoride area than in the optimal fluoride area; thirdly, that caries prevalence was lower among those with fluorotic enamel defects in the optimal fluoride area; and lastly, caries prevalence was not influenced by non-fluorotic enamel defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Wiktorsson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Martinsson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004245:DMF Index; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003744:Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005457:Fluoridation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology