title: Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in patients with HIV positivity and AIDS: a prospective controlled study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the clinical manifestations and therapeutic responses of Clostridium difficile infection in HIV-infected and noninfected individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were identified for this study if they had C. difficile toxin in the stool. The patients were then followed prospectively by the investigators. All patients were treated with a standard regimen, and clinical and laboratory findings were recorded. Persistence and resolution or recurrence of symptoms and complications were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 87 patients were studied, of which 12 were HIV positive, 20 had AIDS, and 55 had no known HIV infection. The AIDS group was younger and had a lower total leukocyte count than the controls. There were no statistically significant differences in temperature, leukocytosis, clinical symptoms, therapeutic response, or recurrence or persistent of symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the immunosuppression of HIV infection, C. difficile infection behaves no differently in HIV/AIDS patients than it does in controls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Brandt
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D008795:Metronidazole; D014640:Vancomycin