Reduced amphotericin toxicity in an albumin vehicle.
Amphotericin B systemically infused into anesthetized rats at the rate of 0.4 mg/kg body weight over 20 min reproducibly induced renal vasoconstriction and renal cortical hypoxemia. By contrast, when infused with albumin (3 g/dl), amphotericin B did not reduce renal blood flow and did not affect renal cortical oxygenation. In vitro, hemolysis induced by amphotericin was also markedly reduced in the presence of albumin. Albumin did not appear to reduce the antibiotic effect of amphotericin in vitro. It was concluded that amphotericin B toxicity may be considerably reduced if administered in an albumin vehicle.
Brezis
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Department of Medicine, Hadassah University Hospital, Mount-Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel.
Heyman
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D000418:Albumins; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010143:Paecilomyces / Q000187:drug effects; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects
D000418:Albumins; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D000666:Amphotericin B