title: The ability of human papillomavirus E6 proteins to target p53 for degradation in vivo correlates with their ability to abrogate actinomycin D-induced growth arrest.
abstract: Functional p53 protein is associated with the ability of cells to arrest in G1 after DNA damage. The E6 protein of cancer-associated human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) binds to p53 and targets its degradation through the ubiquitin pathway. To determine whether the ability of E6 to interact with p53 leads to a disruption of cell cycle control, mutated E6 proteins were tested for p53 binding and p53 degradation targeting in vitro, the ability to reduce intracellular p53 levels in vivo, and the ability to abrogate actinomycin D-induced growth arrest in human keratinocytes. Mutations scattered throughout the amino terminus, either zinc finger or the central region but not the carboxy terminus, severely reduced the ability of E6 to interact with p53. Expression of HPV-16 E6 or mutated E6 proteins that bound and targeted p53 for degradation in vitro sharply reduced the level of intracellular p53 induced by actinomycin D in human keratinocytes. A perfect correlation between the ability of E6 proteins to reduce the level of intracellular p53 and their ability to block actinomycin D-induced cellular growth arrest was observed. These results suggest that interaction with p53 is important for the ability of HPV E6 proteins to circumvent growth arrest.
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98104.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Demers
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Etscheid
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Galloway
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects*; D004249:DNA Damage; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000378:metabolism*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016335:Zinc Fingers
chemical_list: C068651:E6 protein, Human papillomavirus type 16; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D003609:Dactinomycin