title: The effects of equipment modification on children's self-efficacy and basketball shooting performance.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of modification of basketball size and basket height on shooting performance and self-efficacy of girls and boys 9 to 12 years of age. Subjects (N = 74) completed a self-efficacy questionnaire before and after shooting 10 baskets under four conditions. Shooting conditions were a combination of basketball size (women's or men's) and basket height (10 or 8 ft). Repeated measures analyses of variance indicated that children made more baskets and had higher shooting scores at the 8-ft basket than the 10-ft basket. This was especially evident for girls and 9- and 10-year-old children. Self-efficacy was higher prior to shooting, and boys had higher self-efficacy than girls. Self-efficacy was highest when children shot at the 8-ft basket. These results indicated that basket height modification can positively influence children's shooting performance and self-efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Exercise Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Chase
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ewing
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Lirgg
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: George
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001490:Basketball / Q000523:psychology; D001827:Body Height; D002648:Child; D004867:Equipment Design; D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D012649:Self Concept; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors