title: Adverse events occurring during interhospital transfer of the critically ill.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine what complications children have during interhospital transfer for intensive care, and how often these complications occur.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational study of all children transferred over a six month period, including interviews with patient escort, patient review, and severity of illness scoring.
  
  
  METHODS
  Timing and method of transport; complications occurring during transport; the equipment and experience of the escort; patient vital signs and paediatric risk of mortality score on admission; outcome and duration of intensive care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty two (75%) of 56 children had adverse clinical events during transport. In 13 the event was life threatening. Inadequate circulatory and ventilatory support, inadequate monitoring, equipment failures, and drug errors were common. Children who subsequently died were more likely to have had complicated transfers than those who survived.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most children had adverse clinical events during transfer for intensive care. A number are transported by inexperienced staff with inadequate or malfunctioning equipment. Standards for patient management and monitoring during transfer need to be established. To reduce unsatisfactory care during transfer, it is necessary to establish dedicated and specifically trained paediatric transport teams.
authors.affiliation: University of Leicester.
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ralston
mesh_terms: D000552:Ambulances; D003422:Critical Care; D016638:Critical Illness; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000517:prevention & control; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000517:prevention & control; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal; D008297:Male; D008508:Medication Errors; D010360:Patient Transfer; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012121:Respiration, Artificial