title: Preoperative transdermal scopolamine does not reduce the level of nausea and frequency of vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy of scopolamine administered transdermally before laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a means of reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tertiary-care, university-affiliated hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A volunteer sample of 125 men and women between 20 and 60 years of age scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Expectant or nursing mothers were excluded, and 35 patients were excluded from the final analysis because of protocol violations. Forty-three patients received scopolamine and 47 patients received a placebo.
  
  
  METHODS
  A skin patch (scopolamine or placebo) was applied behind the right ear on the evening before operation and maintained for at least 24 hours postoperatively.
  
  
  METHODS
  The postoperative level of nausea assessed by the patient on a visual analogue scale, the frequency of vomiting and the frequency of antiemetic use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in the level of nausea or in the frequency of emesis or use of antiemetics in the first 24 hours postoperatively between the control and study groups. Furthermore, there was no difference in the overall frequency of side effects. However, visual blurring was experienced by six patients in the study group compared with one in the control group (p = 0.082).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Scopolamine administered transdermally before laparoscopic cholecystectomy does not reduce the frequency or level of nausea and vomiting postoperatively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, Victoria Hospital, London.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sohi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heipel
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Inman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chinnick
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Holliday
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Girotti
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011292:Premedication; D012601:Scopolamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D012601:Scopolamine