title: Simultaneous determination of lidocaine, prilocaine and the prilocaine metabolite o-toluidine in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: An HPLC assay is described for the measurement of prilocaine and lidocaine (components of the local anesthetic cream EMLA) as well as the prilocaine metabolite, o-toluidine, in plasma. The method uses UV detection, is simple, sensitive and most important, only a single 200-microliters plasma sample is needed for simultaneous analysis of prilocaine, lidocaine and o-toluidine with a detection limit of 4 ng/ml. The plasma, together with the internal standard (bupivacaine) is extracted with diethyl ether under alkaline conditions, followed by the extraction of the analytes from the organic phase into dilute sulphuric acid. An aliquot of the acid extract is injected onto the HPLC system and the effluent is monitored by a UV detector.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont., Canada.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gazarian
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D011318:Prilocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013552:Swine; D014052:Toluidines / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D014052:Toluidines; D011318:Prilocaine; D008012:Lidocaine; C023622:2-toluidine