[A proposal for chromosome and genetic analysis in gastric cancer].
To plan a strategy for DNA-based diagnosis of gastric cancer, which is still one of the major causes of death in Akita Prefecture, I reviewed recent studies on genomic instability and genetic changes in gastric cancers. Complex chromosome changes, pathohistology-dependent activation of some proto-oncogenes and -independent inactivation of tumor suppressor genes have been found, which suggests that gastric carcinogenesis is caused by the accumulation of multiple genetic changes in stomach cells. Although the primary change in the carcinogenesis is still unknown, the loss of the 13 locus on the short arm of chromosome 17 or the mutation of the p53 gene, or both, may be essential, since the change occurs frequently in gastric cancer as well as in other various cancers. The approach to DNA-based diagnosis of gastric cancer should be made at three size levels of human genome, chromosome banding (2 x 10(6) bp-), linkage analysis (10(4)-2 x 10(6) bp) and DNA (-10(4) bp) levels.
Urayama
O
O
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Akita University School of Medicine.
D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D016158:Genes, p53; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*