title: Anti-müllerian hormone in early human development.
abstract: Anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein produced by immature Sertoli cells and responsible for the regression of müllerian ducts in male fetuses. The ontogeny of the hormone in early human development was investigated. While no detectable AMH could be found in female fetal serum, in males, the mean +/- S.E.M. AMH serum concentration was 40.5 +/- 3.9 ng/ml from 19 to 30 weeks (n = 13), and 28.4 +/- 6.1 ng/ml from 30 weeks to term (n = 9). The latter value is significantly different from the mean AMH concentration in serum from boys aged 2 months to 2 years (43.1 +/- 3.7), suggesting that AMH production is sluggish during the perinatal period. The serum AMH concentration of a 46,XX male fetus was in the normal range for males. Using in situ hybridization, AMH transcripts were detected in the testicular tissue of all fetuses from 8 weeks onwards, but not in fetal ovaries nor in the yet undifferentiated gonadal tissue of a 7-week-old fetus bearing male-determining DNA sequences. Together, these data indicate that AMH is a reliable marker for the presence of functional testicular tissue and, as such, may be helpful for the diagnosis of fetal sex, particularly in the presence of sex chromosome abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherches sur l'Endocrinologie du Développement (INSERM) Ecole Normale Supérieure, Montrouge, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Josso
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lamarre
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Picard
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berta
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morichon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peschanski
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jeny
mesh_terms: D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006066:Gonads / Q000737:chemistry*; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012732:Sex Determination Analysis; D013735:Testicular Hormones / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013735:Testicular Hormones; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone