title: Changes in risk factors explain changes in mortality from ischaemic heart disease in Finland.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the extent to which changes in the main coronary risk factors (serum cholesterol concentration, blood pressure, and smoking) explain the decline in mortality from ischaemic heart disease and to evaluate the relative importance of change in each of these risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Predicted changes in ischaemic heart disease mortality were calculated by a logistic regression model using the risk factor levels assessed by cross sectional population surveys, in 1972, 1977, 1982, 1987, and 1992. These predicted changes were compared with observed changes in mortality statistics.
  
  
  METHODS
  North Karelia and Kuopio provinces, Finland.
  
  
  METHODS
  14,257 men and 14,786 women aged 30-59 randomly selected from the national population register.
  
  
  METHODS
  Levels of the risk factors and predicted and observed changes in mortality from ischaemic heart disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The observed changes in the risk factors in the population from 1972 to 1992 predicted a decline in mortality from ischaemic heart disease of 44% (95% confidence interval 37% to 50%) in men and 49% (37% to 59%) in women. The observed decline was 55% (51% to 58%) and 68% (61 to 74) respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An assessment of the data on the risk factors for ischaemic heart disease and mortality suggests that most of the decline in mortality from ischaemic heart disease can be explained by changes in the three main coronary risk factors.
authors.affiliation: National Public Health Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vartiainen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Puska
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pekkanen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tuomilehto
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jousilahti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011897:Random Allocation; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000401:mortality*
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol