title: Aging and heart failure.
abstract: The prevalence of heart failure increases as individuals age. The causes of heart failure in the older adult are essentially the same as in the general adult population. However, clinical presentation is altered in older adults because symptoms and physical findings may not be those classically described and taught. This article addresses the pathophysiology and clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and therapy of heart failure in the older adult.
authors.affiliation: Heart Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hixon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003152:Community Health Nursing; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology* / Q000451:nursing / Q000503:physiopathology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents