Quinolone therapy in the prevention of endogenous and exogenous infection after irradiation.
The effect of oral therapy with 6 quinolones, lomefloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, temafloxacin, CI-960, and CI-990 in the prevention of post-irradiation bacteraemia and mortality was tested in mice. Two models were used, the C3H/HeN mouse strain for endogenously acquired infection and the B6D2F1 mouse strain for studies of exogenously acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Each therapy or water-fed control group included 40 mice, 20 for monitoring survival and 20 for obtaining liver cultures. In C3H/HeN mice, mortality in the groups that received each of the quinolones except CI-960 was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than in the water-treated mice. Survival was 54/60 (90%) with lomefloxacin 51/60 (85%) with ofloxacin, 50/60 (83%) with CI-990, 45/60 (75%) with sparfloxacin, 37/60 (62%) with temafloxacin, 9/60 (15%) for the control group, and 6/60 (10%) for CI-960. Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from 38 of 53 (72%) and Streptococcus spp. from 13 of 53 (25%) of the livers of control mice. The number of Enterobacteriaceae was lower in quinolone-treated mice. However, isolation of streptococci was similar to controls, except in those treated with sparfloxacin and CI-990. In B6D2F1 mice, mortality and isolation of P. aeruginosa in each of the quinolone group was significantly lower than for controls (P < 0.001). These data illustrate the efficacy of the quinolones in the therapy of exogenous infection, and the inability of those effective against anaerobic bacteria to prevent endogenous infection.
Brook
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Department of Experimental Hematology, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603.
Ledney
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GD
D042462:4-Quinolones; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000382:microbiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000150:complications*; D015610:Serum Bactericidal Test
D042462:4-Quinolones; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents