title: Expression of transforming growth factor-alpha and its receptor during human liver development and maturation.
abstract: We investigated the expression of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) and its receptor during human liver development and maturation, using immunohistochemistry. In the fetal liver, strong immunoreactivity for TGF-alpha and its receptor was noted in intrahepatic bile duct cells of various developmental stages; moderate immunoreactivity for TGF-alpha and mild immunoreactivity for TGF-alpha receptor were found in immature hepatocytes. In the postnatal liver, reactivity for TGF-alpha in hepatocytes decreased gradually and was negative or only weakly positive in the adult liver, while reactivity for TGF-alpha receptor in hepatocytes increased gradually and was strongly positive in the adult liver. In contrast, immunoreactivity of TGF-alpha and its receptor in intrahepatic bile duct cells persisted in the postnatal liver and was positive in the adult liver. These data suggest that the system of TGF-alpha and its receptor has an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of intrahepatic biliary cells and hepatocytes in the fetal liver. The decreasing expression of TGF-alpha in hepatocytes in the postnatal liver may indicate that proliferative activity of hepatocytes gradually decreases with liver maturation. The presence of TGF-alpha and its receptor in intrahepatic bile ducts in the postnatal liver suggests that the system of TGF-alpha and TGF-alpha receptor is operative postnatally.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Pathology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakanuma
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development*; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha; D066246:ErbB Receptors