title: Comparison between self-report measures and clinical observations of functional disability in ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study concordance between self-report measures and clinical observations of functional disability in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and fibromyalgia (FM).
  
  
  METHODS
  35 patients with AS completed 9 selected items of the Functional Index questionnaire, whereas 12 patients with RA and 13 with FM completed 7 selected items of the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales. Five days later, all 60 patients and 4 controls actually performed the selected activities, which were recorded on video. The tapes were assessed in random order by 12 observers (6 occupational therapists and 6 physicians). Both patients and observers indicated functional disability on a 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interobserver agreement was high (Cronbach's alpha 0.98). All observers scored the 4 healthy controls as having no disability at all. Mean discordance scores (VAS patients minus VAS observers) for the selected items were negligible in AS [-0.17 cm (p = 0.30)], moderate in RA [+1.10 cm (p = 0.06)] and high in FM [+2.44 cm (p < 0.01)].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Discordance between self-report questionnaires and observed functional disability is a feature most striking in FM. In validation of self-report questionnaires of functional disability the appropriate spectrum of rheumatological diagnoses should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hidding
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Santen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Klerk
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gielen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boers
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Geenen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vlaeyen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kester
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: van der Linden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D010361:Patients; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000503:physiopathology*