title: Prolonged bleeding time during nitric oxide inhalation in the rabbit.
abstract: During a study on the modulatory effect of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) on the airway, we observed an increased bleeding tendency. Therefore, we studied bleeding time and blood rheology in rabbits during inhalation of 3, 30 and 300 parts per million (ppm) NO. The rabbits were intubated during neurolept anaesthesia and were ventilated mechanically. The bleeding time was significantly increased after 15 min of inhalation of 30 ppm NO, from 51 +/- 5 to 72 +/- 7 s (mean +/- SEM, P < 0.001, n = 7). However, there were no changes in haematocrit, whole blood or plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation tendency, or erythrocyte deformability. Inhalation of 3 ppm NO increased bleeding time from 46 +/- 11 to 59 +/- 8 s (n.s., n = 4) and 300 ppm NO from 48 +/- 12 to 78 +/- 17 s (P < 0.05, n = 4). In another group of rabbits mean arterial pressure (MAP) was monitored using NO inhalation. A non-significant decrease was seen with 3 ppm and 30 ppm NO, from 63 +/- 2 to 59 +/- 3 mmHg (n = 6) and from 65 +/- 2 to 61 +/- 1 mmHg (n = 6) respectively. Inhalation with 300 ppm NO decreased MAP from 62 +/- 3 to 55 +/- 2 mmHg (P < 0.05, n = 6). We conclude from these data that inhalation of NO, 30 ppm or more exerts systemic effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Högman
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Frostell
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arnberg
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sandhagen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hedenstierna
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001760:Bleeding Time; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001809:Blood Viscosity / Q000187:drug effects; D004903:Erythrocyte Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D004907:Erythrocyte Deformability / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis; D006400:Hematocrit; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010976:Platelet Count / Q000187:drug effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D005340:Fibrinogen