title: In vitro comparison of four tocolytic agents, alone and in combination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the tocolytic effects of magnesium sulfate, ritodrine, terbutaline, and nifedipine on human myometrial strips.
  
  
  METHODS
  Myometrial strips were suspended in organ chambers for isotonic measurements and contracted with KCI. STrips from nonpregnant patients were used to obtain concentration-response curves. Myometrial strips from pregnant uteri were then exposed to the molar concentrations causing 50% relaxation in the nonpregnant tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In strips from nonpregnant patients, nifedipine was found to be the most potent tocolytic. Using strips from nonlaboring patients, nifedipine caused relaxation similar to ritodrine, and both were more effective than magnesium sulfate or terbutaline. Combinations were more effective than single agents. These agents were found to be equally less effective in myometrial strips from laboring patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nifedipine, alone or in combination, relaxes myometrial strips more effectively than the other agents studied. Myometrial strips from laboring patients are more resistant to inhibition, with none of the agents being superior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Saade
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Taskin
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Belfort
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Erturan
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Moise
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D009215:Myometrium / Q000187:drug effects*; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012312:Ritodrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013726:Terbutaline / Q000494:pharmacology; D015149:Tocolytic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014590:Uterine Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D015149:Tocolytic Agents; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate; D012312:Ritodrine; D009543:Nifedipine; D013726:Terbutaline