title: Ca2+ ionophore A23187-stimulated secretion of azurophil granules in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes is largely mediated by endogenously formed leukotriene B4.
abstract: The mode of action of the new leukotriene synthesis inhibitor BAY X1005 ((R)-2-[4-(quinolin-2-yl-methoxy)phenyl]-2-cyclopentyl acetic acid) and structurally-related quinoline derivatives is reflected by the binding to a high-affinity binding site presumably identical to FLAP (five lipoxygenase activating protein). In addition to FLAP, we have identified a second BAY X1005 (low-affinity) binding site localized in the granule fraction of human PMNL (polymorphonuclear leukocytes). Based on the hypothesis that the corresponding target protein might be involved in the regulation of granule release, the influence of the leukotriene synthesis inhibitors BAY X1005 and MK-886 and the direct 5-LOX (5-lipoxygenase, EC 1.13.11.34) inhibitor A-64077 on the A23187- and fMLP (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine)-stimulated release of beta-glucuronidase (as a marker for azurophil granules) and vitamin B12-binding protein (as a marker for specific granules) was investigated. In contrast to MK-886, neither BAY X1005 nor A-64077 significantly affected fMLP-stimulated granule release. This was also true for the A23187-stimulated release of specific granules; however, under the same conditions the A23187-stimulated release of azurophil granules was almost totally inhibited by all three compounds. No obvious relationship between the corresponding IC50 values and the ability of these compounds to compete for BAY X1005 binding at the low-affinity binding site existed. Instead, by extending these studies to additional inhibitors, a correlation between the IC50 values for inhibition of A23187-stimulated (i) beta-glucuronidase release and (ii) LTB4 (leukotriene B4) synthesis was found (r = 0.969, N = 7). This relationship was independent of the mode of action of the compounds, namely direct 5-LOX inhibition or indirect 5-LOX inhibition mediated via binding to FLAP. These results suggest that 5-LOX metabolites may be involved in A23187-stimulated azurophil granule release. Of the two main biologically active 5-LOX metabolites synthesized under these conditions (LTB4 and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid), only LTB4 stimulated beta-glucuronidase release to nearly the same extent as A23187. In addition, this metabolite significantly enhanced A23187-stimulated beta-glucuronidase release, but only at A23187 concentrations (> or = 0.25 mumol/L) which by themselves were not sufficient to trigger LTB4 formation. Moreover, the inhibition of A23187-stimulated beta-glucuronidase release by BAY X1005 or A-64077 was totally reversed by the addition of LTB4.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Bayer AG, Pharma Research Center, Institute for Cardiovascular and Arteriosclerosis Research, Wuppertal, F.R.G.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hatzelmann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fruchtmann
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Mohrs
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raddatz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Müller-Peddinghaus
mesh_terms: D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; D011804:Quinolines; C079315:2-(4-(quinolin-2-yl-methoxy)phenyl)-2-cyclopentylacetic acid; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D000001:Calcimycin; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine