title: Methods of contraception and rates of genital infections.
abstract: Bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis and candidiasis are the most common genital infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the various methods of contraception with regard to the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and vulvo-vaginitis over a period of four years. We also evaluated in the same period the rates of trichomoniasis, candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis and vulvo-vaginitis between users and non users of contraceptional methods and the relationship between ages of patients and types of contraceptives. Finally we considered the change of contraceptive use with regard to age among two different periods. The IUD users showed a significant increase of B.V., T.v. and other bacteria and a decrease of the negatives compared to OC users. Barrier contraceptive users had a reduction (0.01 > p > 0.001) of B.V. and an increase (p < 0.001) of the negatives compared to IUD users. OC users had a significant (p < 0.05) increase in candidiasis, B.V. together with a reduction of the negatives compared to non users group. IUD users had a significant (p < 0.001) increase of B.V. and vulvo-vaginitis from other bacteria, and the reduction of the negatives. Teenagers use OC much more than adults, but less IUD (p < 0.001). The use of OC has increased and the use of IUD decreased among adults (p < 0.001). The barrier methods were seen to be statistically reduced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Parma.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ceruti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Canestrelli
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Condemi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Piantelli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Paolis
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Amone
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tovagliari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000453:epidemiology; D003267:Contraception / Q000379:methods*; D003274:Contraceptive Devices, Female; D003275:Contraceptive Devices, Male; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices; D014247:Trichomonas Vaginitis / Q000453:epidemiology; D016585:Vaginosis, Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D014848:Vulvovaginitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral