Aging free from negative stereotypes: successful memory in China and among the American deaf.
This study explores whether negative stereotypes about aging contribute to memory loss in old age. The research participants consisted of old and young Chinese hearing, American Deaf, and American hearing individuals. Members of the mainland Chinese and the American Deaf cultures were recruited on the basis of the belief that they would be less likely than hearing Americans to be exposed to and accept negative stereotypes about aging. The expected results were (a) an interaction in which the 3 groups of younger Ss would perform similarly on the memory tasks, whereas the older Deaf and older Chinese participants would outperform the older American hearing group and (b) a positive correlation between view toward aging and memory performance among the old Ss. The data supported both hypotheses. The results suggest that cultural beliefs about aging play a role in determining the degree of memory loss people experience in old age.
Levy
B
B
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138.
Langer
E
E
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001290:Attitude; D002681:China; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003469:Culture; D003638:Deafness; D006801:Humans; D008568:Memory; D008875:Middle Aged; D012649:Self Concept; D013240:Stereotyping; D014481:United States