title: Lack of stereoselectivity of the peroxisome proliferation induced by 2-phenylpropionic acid: evidence against a role for lipid disturbance in peroxisome proliferation.
abstract: The significance of disturbances of lipid metabolism caused by xenobiotic acyl-CoAs as possible causes of peroxisomal proliferation has been studied with the enantiomers of 2-phenylpropionic acid (2-PPA), the (R)-enantiomer of which is converted to the acyl-CoA in rats while its (S)-antipode is not. rac-2-PPA (250 mg/kg/day ip x 3) was shown to be an hepatic peroxisomal proliferator in male Sprague-Dawley rats on the basis of increases in microsomal cytochrome P-450 content and lauric acid hydroxylation and hepatic CN(-)-insensitive palmitoyl-CoA oxidation, a peroxisomal marker activity, while electron microscopy revealed a rise in the peroxisome/mitochondria ratio in hepatocytes. Further studies established the dose-response relationships for these biochemical changes. The (R)- and (S)-enantiomers were administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day ip x 3 and both were peroxisome proliferators of very similar potency. The effects of 100 mg/kg/day ip x 3 of the racemate, a dose giving ca. 75% of maximal response, were essentially additive of those of 50 mg/kg/day ip x 3 of its two component isomers. The stereoselectivity of acyl-CoA formation from the enantiomers of 2-PPA was confirmed by their differential inhibition of microsomal palmitoyl-CoA synthesis. Taken together, these data indicate that it is very unlikely that the acyl-CoA of 2-PPA plays any role in the peroxisomal proliferation which this compound causes in the rat.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, England.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Caldwell
mesh_terms: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008830:Microbodies / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010171:Palmitoyl Coenzyme A / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010666:Phenylpropionates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A; D010666:Phenylpropionates; D011506:Proteins; D010171:Palmitoyl Coenzyme A; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C013025:hydratropic acid