title: Biological activities--lethality, Shwartzman reaction and pyrogenicity--of Salmonella typhimurium porins.
abstract: Porins isolated from Salmonella typhimurium and found to contain less than 0.1% w/w of LPS, were found to be lethal at a dose of 100 ng to both LPS-responder (BALB/cByJ) and non-responder (C3H/HeJ) mice sensitized with D-galactosamine. This lethal action could be prevented by anti-TNF-alpha serum given intravenously 10 min before the porin injection but not by polymyxin-B mixed with the porins in a ratio of approximately 300 moles polymyxin-B per mole of porin. The porin preparation was also pyrogenic to rabbits at a dose of 1 microgram/kg and elicited a local Shwartzman reaction when used as the sensitizing and eliciting agent; these reactions were also present when the porins were mixed with polymyxin-B.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Microbiologia, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galdiero
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sommese
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scarfogliero
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galdiero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005688:Galactosamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D011112:Polymyxin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D018272:Porins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D011817:Rabbits; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium; D012790:Shwartzman Phenomenon / Q000139:chemically induced*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007106:Immune Sera; D018272:Porins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005688:Galactosamine; D011112:Polymyxin B