title: Screening asymptomatic patients for colorectal lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine: 1) prevalence of significant colorectal lesions by demographics and risk factors; 2) frequency of 1 and 2 or more lesions by type, location, and size; 3) relation among villous component, location, and size of adenomas; and 4) frequency of nonsignificant lesions among patients with and without significant lesions.;
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand asymptomatic patients, 45 years of age and older, with negative fecal occult blood tests, were screened using 60-cm flexible sigmoidoscopy and, if indicated, using colonoscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-six of the patients had 62 significant lesions (11 patients had 2 or more lesions). Fifty-four of the lesions were discovered by sigmoidoscopy in 1,000 patients, and 8 additional lesions were discovered in 5 of the 36 patients by colonoscopy. Lesions with villous components were more likely to be found in patients with 2 or more lesions (P = 0.0006). Smokers were more likely than nonsmokers to have significant lesions (P = 0.002). Among these patients, smoking and drinking were associated (P = 0.007). Males were more likely to have significant lesions than females (P = 0.006). Hemorrhoids, diverticulosis, and hyperplastic polyps were not associated with significant lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relationship between smoking and significant lesions provides further evidence that asymptomatic patients should stop smoking. Physicians should pay particular attention to men who smoke, even if they have negative occult blood tests.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, USC School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Cauffman
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Rasgon
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hara
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D003113:Colonoscopy; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005194:Family Practice / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D009780:Occult Blood; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012812:Sigmoidoscopy; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects