title: Raf meets Ras: completing the framework of a signal transduction pathway.
abstract: The Ras oncoprotein, a GTP-activated molecular switch, interacts directly with the Raf oncoprotein to recruit the MAP kinases and their subordinates. In this way, a mitogenic signal initiated by tyrosine kinases is converted by Ras into a wave of regulatory phosphorylation on serine and threonine residues that, depending on its intensity and duration, and the variety of substrates available, results in cell differentiation or cell division.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Avruch
authors.forename: X F
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kyriakis
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015689:Oncogene Protein p21(ras) / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; D015689:Oncogene Protein p21(ras)