title: Detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by PCR before seroconversion in high-risk individuals who remain seronegative for prolonged periods.
abstract: HIV-1 seronegative patients at high risk for HIV infection were followed up. In 1990 PCR was positive for HIV DNA sequences in samples of 17 seronegative patients who continued to report for surveillance of HIV infection. There was clear evidence of seroconversion in four of these 17 seronegative patients, while in one patient an indeterminate result for HIV was repeatedly obtained in different samples. The other 12 patients continue to be seronegative without any evidence of HIV infection except the presence of provirus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. It is important to apply the PCR technique together with tests to detect other virological and immunological markers, in order to identify seronegative carriers and thus avoid HIV transmission by them.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Gorriño
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Campelo
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Suarez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santamaría
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Malave
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cisterna
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D006679:HIV Seropositivity; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D015483:HIV Antibodies