title: A case of testicular nocardiosis and literature review.
abstract: A case of epididymo-orchitis due to Nocardia asteroides in a liver transplant recipient is reported. Nocardiosis is an extremely rare cause of epididymo-orchitis. Four other cases published in the English language medical literature are reviewed. All patients were immunocompromised, and other organs were affected simultaneously. Clinically the infection presented as a painful enlargement of the testicle with few inflammatory signs. Mortality was high (3/5), and in the two survivors long-term sulfonamide therapy was combined with orchiectomy. Nocardiosis should be considered in the diagnosis of epididymo-orchitis in the immunocompromised host.
authors.affiliation: Section of Infectious Diseases, Doce de Octubre Hospital, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrero
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lumbreras
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gimeno
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: González-Pinto
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Palengue
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004823:Epididymitis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009617:Nocardia Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D009616:Nocardia asteroides / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009919:Orchiectomy; D009920:Orchitis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D013449:Sulfonamides; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination