title: Incubation temperature affects the behavior of adult leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius).
abstract: The leopard gecko has temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD); females are predominantly produced when incubated at 26 degrees C (100%), 30 degrees C (70%), and 34 degrees C (95%), whereas males are predominantly produced at 32.5 degrees C (75%). Exogenous estradiol can override the effect of temperature on sex determination. To compare temperature-determined females with hormone-determined females, eggs from the male-biased temperature were treated with estradiol benzoate during incubation. As adults, animals from a male-biased incubation temperature were more likely to exhibit aggression than animals from female-biased incubation temperatures. Furthermore, females from a male-biased incubation temperature tended to be less attractive than females from female-biased temperatures. Hormone-determined females were both attractive and aggressive. This suggests that incubation temperature is an important development determinant of adult aggressiveness and attractiveness. The 26 degrees C animals ovariectomized on the day of hatch exhibited more frequent aggression and were unreceptive to males, indicating that postnatal ovarian hormones also play a role in adult sociosexual behaviors. The parallel between incubation temperature and intrauterine position in laboratory mammals is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Texas at Austin 78712.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tousignant
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Crews
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000502:physiology; D008116:Lizards / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D012732:Sex Determination Analysis; D012733:Sex Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D012919:Social Behavior; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones