title: Measurement of Ca2+ pump-mediated efflux in hypertension.
abstract: Ca2+ homeostasis has been a prominent research area in the study of hypertension. There is convincing evidence that hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats is characterized by enhanced Ca2+ influx in various cell types. It is, however, still unclear whether hypertension is associated with reduced or enhanced Ca2+ efflux. Reduced Ca2+ efflux would augment the effects of enhanced Ca2+ influx. However, enhanced Ca2+ extrusion may occur as an adaptive process to minimize the effects of Ca2+ overload. This question remains unanswered because of inconsistent results obtained using a variety of experimental techniques. In this article we have reviewed the research findings and discuss existing and possible new techniques to assess Ca2+ efflux in hypertension, with particular attention to vascular smooth muscle. We have focused mainly on studies using the spontaneously hypertensive rat and discuss its appropriateness as a model for essential hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, N.S.W., Australia.
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Monteith
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Roufogalis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D006973:Hypertension / Q000201:enzymology*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY
chemical_list: D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases