title: The physician-delivered smoking intervention project: can short-term interventions produce long-term effects for a general outpatient population?
abstract: Patterns of smoking cessation using 6- and 12-month follow-up data are reported for 1,261 primary care patients randomized to 3 physician-delivered smoking interventions: advice only (AO), counseling (CI), and counseling plus availability of nicotine-containing gum (CI + NCG). One-week-point-prevalence cessation rates at 12 months did not differ among the interventions: AO (15.2%), CI (12.9%) and CI + NCG (16.7%). However, maintained cessation rates (abstinent at both 6 and 12 months) increased with intervention intensity: AO (6.0%), CI (7.8%) and CI + NCG (10.0%): Test of trend chi 2 = 5.06, p = .02. CI + NCG was significantly higher than AO (p = .02). The findings support the following conclusions: Brief physician-delivered intervention with availability of nicotine-containing gum can have a beneficial long-term effect on smoking cessation, and cohort data as well as point-prevalence rates are important when assessing the long-term impact of lifestyle interventions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01655.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Ockene
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kristeller
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pbert
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hebert
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luippold
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Landon
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kalan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D002638:Chewing Gum; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011320:Primary Health Care; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002638:Chewing Gum; D009538:Nicotine