title: Impaired alveolar macrophage accessory cell function and reduced incidence of lymphocytic alveolitis in HIV-infected patients who smoke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of smoking on alveolar macrophage (AM) accessory cell (AC) function and the incidence of lymphocytic alveolitis in asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  AM AC function in smoking and nonsmoking HIV-positive volunteers was measured in concanavalin A and pokeweed mitogen assays. Mitogen-induced AM-T-cell adherence was determined. AM cytokine secretion was analyzed by interleukin (IL)-6 bioassay and IL-1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The incidence of lymphocytic alveolitis in both groups was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AM from smokers were significantly poorer AC than AM from nonsmokers. Though AM-T-cell adherence was unaffected by smoking, IL-1 and IL-6 secretion was significantly impaired. Lymphocytic alveolitis was significantly less common in HIV-infected smokers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Smoking reduces AM AC function in HIV-infected individuals, probably by impairing secretion of cytokines important in T-cell proliferation. This may explain the decreased incidence of lymphocytic alveolitis in HIV-infected people who smoke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis 46202.
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Twigg
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Soliman
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Spain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D016207:Cytokines / Q000172:deficiency; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D012907:Smoking / Q000276:immunology*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines