title: Interaction of sex steroids and oxytocin on term human myometrial contractile activity in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the interactions of progesterone, estradiol (E2), and oxytocin in regulating the contractile activity of term human myometrium in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Myometrial tissues from 12 term pregnant women were obtained from the lower uterine segment at elective cesarean and immediately immersed in Hepes buffer with and without progesterone and progesterone plus E2. Oxytocin was freshly dissolved in solutions when the superfusion was started. Muscle biopsies were dissected along the bundles of smooth muscle under a stereomicroscope, and the preparations were mounted in six tissue baths superfused with different hormonal solutions. The isometric tension was recorded during the experimental time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 2-hour contraction period, increased frequency (P < .01 for each) and decreased activity area (P < .01 for each) and duration of contractions (P < .01 for each) resulted from superfusion of muscle strips with progesterone plus oxytocin, progesterone plus E2, and a combination of progesterone, E2, and oxytocin, compared to that found with buffer alone. The higher concentration of progesterone (5 micrograms/mL) plus oxytocin and progesterone plus E2 elevated the tonus (P < .05 and P < .01), whereas progesterone in combination with E2 and oxytocin decreased it (P < .05). The lower concentration of progesterone (0.5 microgram/mL) plus E2, or both in conjunction with oxytocin, had no significant effect on tonus as compared with buffer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that progesterone and E2 have a direct effect on uterine excitability and a regulating influence on the oxytocin sensitivity of term human myometrium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ulmsten
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bäckström
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006531:HEPES; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007743:Labor, Obstetric / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009129:Muscle Tonus / Q000187:drug effects; D009215:Myometrium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014590:Uterine Contraction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D010121:Oxytocin; D006531:HEPES