title: Nosocomial transmission of Serratia odorifera biogroup. 2: Case report demonstration by macrorestriction analysis of chromosomal DNA using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate a cluster of Serratia odorifera in a cardiothoracic surgery unit (CTSU) and to evaluate the applicability of three typing methods for this species.
  
  
  METHODS
  During a surveillance surgical wound study, S odorifera was isolated from two patients in the CTSU. The patients' hospital charts were reviewed for the details of surgery and for common personnel, procedures, or medications. Cultures were obtained of water, soap, and unit dose medications from the CTSU, the operating room, and the surgical intensive care unit. The isolates' antibiograms, biotypes (Vitek identification card and API 20E), and patterns of chromosomal DNA (chrDNA) by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were examined. S odorifera isolates from our organism collection were used as controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 900-bed university hospital with a 22-bed CTSU.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ChrDNA patterns of isolates from the two patients were identical, suggesting a possible nosocomial source. However, no source of organisms or mode of transmission was identified. Neither biotype nor antibiogram were useful for epidemiologically typing S odorifera, and PFGE was necessary to discriminate among isolates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although rarely isolated, S odorifera and other non-marcescens Serratia species may cause nosocomial outbreaks. PFGE of chrDNA seems to be a reliable method for epidemiologically typing this species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sader
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Perl
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hollis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Divishek
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Herwaldt
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis*; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007484:Iowa; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012705:Serratia / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016868:Serratia Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial