title: Environmental trichlorfon and cluster of congenital abnormalities.
abstract: Of 15 live births in one Hungarian village in 1989-90, 11 (73%) were affected by congenital abnormalities and 6 were twins. Of the 11, 4 had Down syndrome. Likely causes of such clusters (known teratogenic factors, familial inheritance, consanguinity) were excluded. A case-control study and environmental investigations pointed the finger of suspicion at the excessive use of trichlorfon at local fish farms. The content of this chemical was very high in fish (100 mg/kg) and several pregnant women, including all mothers of babies with Down syndrome, had consumed contaminated fish in the critical period for the congenital abnormalities observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics and Teratology, National Institute of Hygiene, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Czeizel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Elek
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gundy
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Métneki
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nemes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sperling
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tímár
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tusnády
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Virágh
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004200:Diseases in Twins; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005399:Fishes; D005506:Food Contamination; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary / Q000453:epidemiology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D014236:Trichlorfon / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014236:Trichlorfon