title: Psychiatric disorders in medical outpatients complaining of palpitations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in ambulatory patients undergoing Holter monitoring to evaluate palpitations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients referred for 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring were studied with a structured diagnostic interview and self-report questionnaires prior to monitoring.
  
  
  METHODS
  Holter laboratory of a large academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred forty-five consecutive patients complaining of palpitations and 70 asymptomatic non-patient volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  DSM-III-R psychiatric diagnoses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-five percent (44.8%) of the participants had at least one lifetime anxiety or depressive disorder and 24.8% had at least one current (one month) disorder. The lifetime prevalence of panic disorder was 27.6%, and that of major depression was 20.8%. Current prevalence rates showed a similar pattern; the current prevalence of panic disorder was 18.6%. Panic disorder and somatization disorder symptoms were significantly more prevalent in the palpitation group than in the general medical clinic at the same hospital. Patients with a psychiatric diagnosis were more likely to report cardiac symptoms during monitoring than were those without psychiatric disorder, and more commonly described their symptoms as "pounding" and reported faintness, lightheadedness, and vertigo. Although cardiac histories and ECG results were no more serious, the patients with psychiatric diagnoses rated their overall health status as significantly worse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Almost half of palpitation patients referred for Holter monitoring have a psychiatric disorder. More than a fourth have lifetime panic disorder and a fifth have had panic attacks in the month before monitoring.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Barsky
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Cleary
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Coeytaux
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Ruskin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010045:Outpatients; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis; D015995:Prevalence; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis