title: Complete vs partial-thickness tears of the posterior cruciate ligament: MR findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to define the MRI appearance of both complete and partial-thickness tears of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and to describe patterns of injury and associated MRI findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three radiologists retrospectively reviewed MR images and medical records on 32 patients with PCL tears (15 complete, 17 partial) and correlated MRI findings to results of clinical testing and surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PCL had indistinct margins in 27 (84%) of 32 patients and was abnormally thick in 25 (78%) patients. In 31 (97%) patients, the torn PCL showed increased signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted pulse sequences. Although there was no statistically significant difference between patients with complete tears and those with partial tears with regard to thickness, margination, and signal intensity of the PCL, MR images in patients with complete tears were more likely to show focal areas of ligamentous discontinuity (10 of 15 cases) (p = 0.01). Associated knee injuries were seen in 21 (66%) patients and were seen more frequently in patients with complete PCL tears (p = 0.015). Bony injury (n = 11, 34%) and tears of the medial collateral ligament (n = 13, 41%) and menisci (n = 10, 31%) were common. No specific pattern of bony injury was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Posterior cruciate ligament tears can be diagnosed readily by multiplanar MRI using both morphological and signal intensity characteristics. Although differentiation between complete and partial-thickness PCL tears by MRI criteria alone is more problematic, complete tears are more likely to show focal areas of discontinuity and partial tears are more likely to show at least some intact fibers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Patten
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zink-Brody
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Rolfe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology; D017885:Collateral Ligaments / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D004487:Edema / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D017888:Medial Collateral Ligament, Knee / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D008592:Menisci, Tibial / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016119:Posterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012421:Rupture; D013180:Sprains and Strains / Q000175:diagnosis; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis; D000070600:Tibial Meniscus Injuries