title: Observation of pain behaviors during episodes of sickle cell disease pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the utility of a brief behavioral observation method to quantify pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Correlational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  31 sickle cell disease (SCD) patients first seen in an outpatient clinic in painful crisis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observed pain behaviors, physician rating of patient pain on a 0 to 10 scale, patient rating of pain on a 0 to 10 scale, and patient pain report from the McGill Pain Questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High interrater reliability for the brief behavioral observation was found, and observed pain behavior was found to correlate significantly with physician ratings of pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is an important first step toward developing a systematic behavior-observation methodology for the analysis of SCD pain. The current methodology was found to be reliable and easily implemented in a busy, outpatient clinic.
authors.affiliation: Pain Management Program, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, U.S.A.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Edens
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abrams
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D001519:Behavior; D001524:Behavioral Medicine / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010361:Patients; D010820:Physicians; D012647:Self-Assessment