title: A modified experimental setup for sedimentation equilibrium experiments with gels. Part 2: Technical developments.
abstract: This part of the paper trilogy describes technical developments for an efficient experimental setup to investigate gels with equilibrium analytical ultracentrifugation. New 10-channel centerpieces for the Schlieren optics, a new programmable multiplexer, a modified Schlieren optical system, and a photo pickup with impulse transformer are introduced as major developments. Also, some new centerpieces suitable for equilibrium experiments with solutions using the Rayleigh interference and the uv-absorption optics are presented. These centerpieces allow the investigation of 10, 12, or even 26 samples per centerpiece. The problem to find suitable materials for cell centerpieces and windows in the case of adhering samples is discussed for the system gelatin/water. A phase volume calculation for circular sample channels as a correction for the case of broadened menisci is presented. The method described allows an accurate measurement of up to 70 samples simultaneously in an equilibrium experiment if the 8-hole rotor presented in part 1 of the trilogy is used. The number of samples is sufficient to characterize a gel/solvent system in the experimentally accessible range under identical conditions, which is not possible by means of any of the methods known before. All parts described are also applicable for the investigation of solutions.
authors.affiliation: Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität-GH-Duisburg, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cölfen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Borchard
mesh_terms: D005780:Gelatin; D005782:Gels; D008027:Light; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; D012996:Solutions; D012997:Solvents; D014461:Ultracentrifugation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; D012996:Solutions; D012997:Solvents; C005506:polycarbonate; D005780:Gelatin