title: The neurobiological basis of mixed depression-anxiety states.
abstract: A recognition of the clinical overlap of symptoms of anxiety disorders and those of affective disorders has brought with it a need to move beyond descriptive definitions of the syndromes to an etiologic and neurobiological understanding of their psychopathology. The authors discuss the neurobiological basis of mixed depression-anxiety states with special attention to the literature on pharmacologic treatment outcome studies, neurotransmitters in anxiety and depression, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. 30322.
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Gulley
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Nemeroff
mesh_terms: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000502:physiology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003907:Dexamethasone; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000503:physiopathology; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000502:physiology; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D003907:Dexamethasone; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D006854:Hydrocortisone