title: Influence of chromium picolinate on glucose usage and metabolic criteria in growing Holstein calves.
abstract: Holstein calves, 10 steers (98 +/- 16 kg; Exp. 1) and 14 heifers (122 +/- 7 kg; Exp. 2), were fed either corn-cottonseed hull basal diets (CON; 15.1 and 13.2% CP, respectively) or CON plus 370 micrograms/kg of Cr as Cr-tripicolinate (CrP). After either 58 (Exp. 1) or 56 (Exp. 2) days of ADG and DMI measurement, calves were individually fed 1.4% of their BW every 12 h through the end of each experiment. Nitrogen balance, i.v. glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT), i.v. insulin challenge tests (IVICT), baseline growth hormone (GH) measurements, and GH-releasing hormone challenges were then performed on calves in split groups on d 70 through 87 in Exp. 1. In Exp. 2, all challenges began on d 78 and N balance was not determined. Inclusion of CrP did not affect (P > .10) ADG, DMI, or ADG/DMI of pooled data from Exp. 1 and 2 or N balance criteria in Exp. 1. Plasma glucose, insulin, and NEFA concentrations were not affected (P > .10) by CrP. Total plasma cholesterol was lower (P < .05) for CrP- than for CON-fed calves at wk 4 in Exp. 1 and wk 6 in Exp. 2. During IVGTT, calves fed CrP vs CON had higher (P < .05) clearance rates for glucose in Exp. 1 (2.68 vs 1.88%/min) and in Exp. 2 (2.64 vs 2.08%/min). During IVICT, calves fed CrP vs CON had higher clearance rates for glucose in Exp. 1 (2.98 vs 2.34%/min; P = .12) and in Exp. 2 (2.89 vs 2.00%/min; P < .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Dairy Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge 70803.
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Bunting
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Southern
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002857:Chromium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test / Q000662:veterinary; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010848:Picolinic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D010848:Picolinic Acids; D002857:Chromium; C079689:chromium tripicolinate; D013006:Growth Hormone; D002784:Cholesterol; D005947:Glucose; D009584:Nitrogen