title: A new substitution, gamma 358 Ser-->Cys, in fibrinogen Milano VII causes defective fibrin polymerization.
abstract: Fibrinogen Milano VII is a hereditary fibrinogen variant detected in a woman with no clinical symptoms of bleeding or thrombosis. Thrombin and reptilase clotting times were prolonged in six family members from three generations. Release of fibrinopeptides A and B was normal. Fibrin polymerization was strongly delayed both in the presence and in the absence of calcium. The structural defect was determined by sequence analysis of a 290-bp fragment of genomic DNA amplified by polymerase chain reaction and cloned in M13mp19. The triplet TCT coding for the amino acid residue gamma 358 was found to be replaced by TGT, resulting in the substitution gamma 358 Ser-->Cys. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated the presence of covalently linked fibrinogen albumin and fibrinogen (albumin)2 complexes. Albumin was released from fibrinogen Milano VII by limited reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol. Fibrin polymerization was not normalized after removal of albumin from fibrinogen Milano VII, suggesting that the delayed clot formation is not due to steric hindrance caused by bound albumin but by substitution of gamma 358 Ser by Cys itself. Our results indicate that the residue gamma 358 Ser is essential for normal expression of the carboxy terminal polymerization site on the fibrinogen gamma-chain.
authors.affiliation: Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Steinmann
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bögli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jungo
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lämmle
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heinemann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wermuth
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Redaelli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baudo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furlan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000418:Albumins / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D003545:Cysteine; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D005337:Fibrin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015241:Fibrinogens, Abnormal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008623:Mercaptoethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010375:Pedigree; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011108:Polymers / Q000378:metabolism*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012694:Serine
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D015241:Fibrinogens, Abnormal; D011108:Polymers; C089308:fibrinogen Milano VII; D012694:Serine; D008623:Mercaptoethanol; D005337:Fibrin; D003545:Cysteine