title: [A transesophageal Doppler echo-color study of pulmonary venous flow before and after the correction of valvular defects].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To verify changes of pulmonary venous flow pattern before and after surgical or percutaneous correction of valvular heart disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  The pulmonary venous flow pattern was studied by transesophageal echocardiography in 27 patients affected with heart valve disease (11 mitral insufficiency, 10 mitral stenosis, 2 aortic stenosis and 4 pulmonary stenosis), before and after surgical or percutaneous correction. Pulmonary venous flow velocity variables measured included peak systolic and diastolic flow velocities (VmaxS and VmaxD), systolic and diastolic velocity time integrals (IS and ID) and their respective ratios (VmaxS/VmaxD and IS/ID). Paired Student's t-test was used for analysis of data; a p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In mitral stenosis and insufficiency, as well as in pulmonary stenosis, the VmaxS/VmaxD and IS/ID ratios were constantly < 1. Aortic stenosis, on the contrary, showed a normal preoperative pattern of pulmonary venous flow, which did not change after correction. All other successful corrections (17 surgeries, 4 angioplasties) were characterised by an increase of VmaxS/VmaxD and IS/ID ratios. (Mitral stenosis: VmaxS/VmaxD 0.80 +/- 0.31 vs 1.4 +/- 0.5, p = 0.006; IS/ID 0.86 +/- 0.77 vs 1.62 +/- 0.62, p = 0.016. Severe mitral insufficiency: VmaxS/VmaxD -0.71 +/- 0.32 vs 1.19 +/- 0.32, p < 0.0001; IS/ID 0.41 +/- 0.19 vs 1.04 +/- 0.31, p = 0.006. Moderate mitral insufficiency: VmaxS/Vmax D 0.38 +/- 0.04 vs 0.95 +/- 0.06, p = 0.001; IS/ID 0.32 +/- 0.05 vs 0.95 +/- 0.07, p = 0.02. Pulmonary stenosis: VmaxS/VmaxD 0.43 +/- 0.23 vs 1.09 +/- 0.35, n.s. e IS/ID 0.49 +/- 0.34 vs 0.92 +/- 0.65, n.s.). Failure to return to a normal pulmonary venous pattern was observed in the 2 cases of partially successful mitral valvuloplasty (one of which was subsequently transformed into a mitral valve replacement with immediate normalisation of the pattern) and in the 2 cases of incomplete relief of a pulmonary stenosis after pulmonary valvuloplasty.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Though preliminary, these observations suggest a high sensitivity of this method and, therefore, a possible role of pulmonary venous pattern studies in the assessment of the efficacy of treatment in mitral and pulmonary valve disease.
authors.affiliation: Servizio di Emodinamica, Ospedale San Michele, Cagliari.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tumbarello
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cardu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bande
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Bini
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Abbruzzese
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martelli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanna
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation; D011664:Pulmonary Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
vernacular_title: Studio mediante eco-color Doppler transesofageo del flusso venoso polmonare prima e dopo correzione di vizi valvolari.