title: Initiation of enzyme-altered foci by the synthetic steroid cyproterone acetate in rat liver foci bioassay.
abstract: Cyproterone acetate (CPA) is a synthetic steroid which is used in oral contraceptive and anti-androgen formulations. It has previously been classified as a tumor promoter in rat liver. Recent studies have shown that CPA induces DNA repair synthesis in isolated hepatocytes, and this implies that CPA is genotoxic. We studied the initiating activity of CPA in vivo by means of a rat liver foci bioassay, using weanling female Sprague-Dawley rats. The results show that CPA induces adenosine-triphosphatase-deficient and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase-positive putative preneoplastic foci in a dose-dependent manner. This indicates that CPA has not only promoting but also initiating activity and may therefore act as a complete carcinogen in rat liver.
authors.affiliation: GSF-Institut für Toxikologie, GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Deml
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Oesterle
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017373:Cyproterone Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000139:chemically induced*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017373:Cyproterone Acetate; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases