title: Treatment of cancer-associated hypercalcemia. Double-blind comparison of rapid and slow intravenous infusion regimens of pamidronate disodium and saline alone.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We assessed the effects of 60-mg single doses of pamidronate disodium compared with saline alone in the treatment of cancer-associated hypercalcemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  After pretreatment hydration, patients with corrected serum calcium concentrations of 3.0 mmol/L (12 mg/dL) or greater secondary to cancer were randomized to double-blind treatment with a single infusion of pamidronate disodium, 60 mg, over either 4 or 24 hours or continued infusions of 0.9% saline alone (n = 23 per group). Corrected serum calcium levels were measured daily for 7 days of inpatient evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Response rates for both of the pamidronate regimens were significantly (P < .05) higher than that for saline alone. A complete response to treatment (corrected serum calcium concentration normalized) was observed for five (22%), 18 (78%), and 14 (61%) patients, respectively, who received saline alone, 4-hour infusion of pamidronate, and 24-hour infusion of pamidronate. There were no significant differences between the two pamidronate regimens. Median durations of complete response were 6, 6, and 11 days, respectively, and median times to relapse (includes complete plus partial responders and nonresponders) were 0, 7, and 7 days, respectively. Pamidronate was well tolerated as assessed by all clinical and laboratory measures, regardless of the time of infusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 4-hour infusion of pamidronate disodium, 60 mg, was as safe and effective as a 24-hour infusion, and both were superior to saline alone in lowering corrected serum calcium concentrations in patients with cancer-associated hypercalcemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gucalp
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Theriault
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Madajewicz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Navari
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ahmann
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zelenakas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heffernan
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Knight
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D000077268:Pamidronate; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004164:Diphosphonates; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D000077268:Pamidronate; D002118:Calcium