title: Placental histology and fetal blood flow in intrauterine growth retardation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define the histological lesions in the placenta associated with abnormal blood flow findings and to evaluate their possible clinical significance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective blind study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A clinical study at a teaching hospital, Malmö General Hospital, University of Lund, Sweden, morphological studies of placentas being performed at the Institute of Pathology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-seven pregnancies where intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) was suspected.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood velocimetry of the fetal descending aorta, umbilical artery and vein, and the maternal arcuate artery, using 2.5 MHz pulsed wave Doppler ultrasound. Histological examination of at least five random samples from each placenta.
  
  
  METHODS
  Frequency of small-for-gestational age (SGA) newborns (birth weight < or = mean -2 s.d.) and of operative delivery for fatal distress.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only the presence of placental infarction was significantly associated with IUGR and with intrauterine findings of abnormal blood velocity in the fetal descending aorta and umbilical artery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Placental infarction would seem to be a valuable morphological marker of uteroplacental vascular disease related to IUGR and impaired fetal and umbilical blood flow.
authors.affiliation: Division of Developmental and Pediatric Pathology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Laurini
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laurin
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marsál
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D005260:Female; D005316:Fetal Distress / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005333:Fetus / Q000098:blood supply*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D010920:Placenta / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D010922:Placenta Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods