title: Proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PC10) immunolabelling and other proliferation indices as prognostic factors in breast cancer.
abstract: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA (PC10), immunolabelling was determined in 175 women with breast carcinomas and related to other established prognostic factors: flow-cytometric data, volume-corrected mitotic index, sex steroid receptor content and clinical outcome during the mean follow-up of 9 years. The maximum fraction of PCNA-positive nuclei (PCNAmax), the average fraction of positive nuclei (PCNAtot) and the number of intensely stained nuclei per microscope field (PCNAcount) were significantly related to histological grade (P < 0.001), DNA ploidy ((P < 0.001), S-phase fraction (P < 0.001), mitotic index (P < 0.001) and sex steroid receptor content (P = 0.002). PCNAmax (P = 0.015) predicted survival in univariate analysis; PCNAtot (P = 0.025), PCNAmax (P = 0.007) and PCNAcount (P = 0.019) predicted the recurrence-free survival. In axillary-lymph-node-negative tumours, PCNAtot (P = 0.092), PCNAmax (P = 0.036) and PCNAcount (P = 0.006) predicted survival and recurrence-free survival (P = 0.011), (P = 0.012) and (P = 0.006) respectively. In multivariate analysis including clinical, histological, flow-cytometric and biochemical variables, PCNAtot (P = 0.004) predicted the recurrence-free survival independently. In axillary-lymph-node-negative breast cancers, PCNAtot predicted accurately the patient survival (P = 0.002) and the recurrence-free survival (P = 0.002). The results indicate that PCNA immunolabelling has independent prognostic value particularly in local breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aaltomaa
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lipponen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Papinaho
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Syrjänen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D004848:Epithelium / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D011003:Ploidies; D011379:Prognosis; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D016196:S Phase / Q000502:physiology; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen