title: [Glucocorticosteroids: mechanism of action, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics and adverse effects].
abstract: The present review summarized the state of our knowledge on glucocorticosteroids, their mechanisms of action, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics and adverse effects. Oral steroids are very effective in treatment of asthma, however, when given in more than low doses and for a prolonged time, they may have quite serious side effects. The pharmacology of inhaled steroids is described. New inhaled glucocorticosteroids like budesonide and flunisolide are readily absorbed from the airway mucosa into the blood but are rapidly biotransformed in the liver into au inactive metabolite. Obviously the greatly reduces the risk of systemic side effects that exist with older glucocorticosteroids, e.g. dexamethasone.
authors.affiliation: Katedry i Zakładu Farmakologii Doświadczalnej i Klinicznej Akademii Medycznej, Warszawie.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tarchalska-Kryńska
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019819:Budesonide; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005446:Fluocinolone Acetonide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011282:Pregnenediones / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D011282:Pregnenediones; D005446:Fluocinolone Acetonide; D019819:Budesonide; C007734:flunisolide; D003907:Dexamethasone; D006854:Hydrocortisone
vernacular_title: Glikokortykosteroidy--mechanizm działania, efekty farmakologiczne, farmakokinetyka i działania niepozadane.