title: Plasma membrane block to sperm entry occurs in mouse eggs upon parthenogenetic activation.
abstract: The ability of parthenogenetically activated mouse eggs to establish a plasma membrane (PM) block to sperm penetration was studied. Zona-free eggs preloaded with Hoechst 33342 were activated by exposure to ethanol or OAG (1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol) and inseminated after different periods. Eggs challenged with sperm at 30- or 60-min postactivation displayed a fertilization frequency significantly lower than that of control eggs. Conversely, when insemination was carried out at 120-min postactivation, the proportion of fertilized eggs was equivalent to that observed in the control group. Moreover, we report that when the eggs were induced to resume meiosis without any notable loss of CGs (egg exposure to OAG at 100 microM external Ca2+ or to heat shock), a normal ability to be penetrated was recorded at 30-min postactivation. Similar behaviour was exhibited by eggs that underwent a CG exocytosis close to that triggered by sperm in absence of nuclear activation (microinjection of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate into the egg at 1 microM cytosolic concentration). Present data support the conclusion that parthenogenetically activated mouse eggs are capable of a transitory PM block response that requires both CG exocytosis and meiosis resumption to occur.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Technologie Biomediche e di Biometria, Università dell'Aquila, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tatone
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Van Eekelen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Colonna
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D003594:Cytoplasmic Granules / Q000187:drug effects; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006358:Hot Temperature; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010063:Ovum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010312:Parthenogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D013084:Sperm-Ovum Interactions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015044:Zona Pellucida / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004075:Diglycerides; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; C038237:1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol; D002118:Calcium