title: Digestion in the rumen and total tract of forage-based diets with starch or dextrose supplements fed to Holstein heifers.
abstract: Three diets were fed to six cannulated heifers in a replicated 3 x 3 Latin square design. Diets were a high forage control, a high forage diet with dextrose (5.6% of DM), and a medium concentrate (39.7% of DM) diet. Diets contained 13.3% CP and 1% NaHCO3 and were fed as a TMR twice daily. Mean ruminal pH (6.47), glucose concentration (.55 mM), and reducing sugar concentration (.64 mM) in heifers were similar across diets. Rate of orchardgrass NDF digestion in situ was faster for heifers fed the dextrose than for those fed the medium concentrate diet, but both were similar to that for heifers fed the control diet. Heifers fed the medium concentrate and dextrose diets had faster ruminal particulate fractional passage rates than those fed the control diet. True ruminal and apparent total tract digestion of OM and NDF were similar among diets, but ruminal NDF digestion tended to be higher with the control than with the medium concentrate diet. Total NAN and bacterial N flow to the duodenum and efficiency of bacterial protein synthesis in the rumen were greater with the medium concentrate diet than with the control and dextrose diets. The results were consistent with others that demonstrated that factors related to nonstructural carbohydrates in the diet other than just low ruminal pH affect ruminal fiber digestion; however, these results were not as strong as those of our previous in vitro work.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dairy Science, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Piwonka
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Firkins
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Hull
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004063:Digestion; D004064:Digestive System / Q000378:metabolism; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D013213:Starch / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D013213:Starch; D005947:Glucose