T-cell dysfunction in HIV infection: anergy due to defective antigen-presenting cell function?
Before CD4+ T cells are depleted, T cells in asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals are functionally abnormal. These T cells are programmed for death, are non-responsive and fail to produce interleukin-2 after antigenic stimulation. Our view is that these different T-cell abnormalities are explained by the effects of HIV on antigen-presenting cells. Alteration of the functions of the antigen-presenting cell may program T cells for activation-induced death, and may induce anergy in interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma secreting TH1 cells. This results in predominance of TH2 allergic responses instead of cellular immunity dependent on TH1 cells.
Meyaard
L
L
Department of Clinical Viro-Immunology, Central Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Amsterdam.
Schuitemaker
H
H
Miedema
F
F
D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D017209:Apoptosis; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000172:deficiency; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008954:Models, Biological; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology
D007376:Interleukin-2; D016753:Interleukin-10