title: Sympathoexcitation from the rostral ventrolateral medulla is mediated by spinal NMDA receptors.
abstract: These studies examined the role of spinal N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors in mediating sympathoexcitation evoked by stimulation of neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). In urethane-anesthetized rats, blood pressure, heart rate, and splanchnic sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) were recorded. The NMDA receptor antagonist D-2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid (D-AP7) was administered to the spinal cord via intrathecal (IT) catheter. Blockade of spinal NMDA receptors reduced arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and SNA. Spinal administration of D-AP7 markedly attenuated the pressor and sympathoexcitatory responses evoked by L-glutamate stimulation of the RVLM. The small increases in heart rate evoked by stimulation of the RVLM were not affected by IT administration of D-AP7. These results indicate that NMDA receptors in the spinal cord mediate the pressor and sympathoexcitatory responses evoked by activation of a bulbospinal pathway originating from the RVLM. Moreover, these data suggest that excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters and NMDA receptors in the spinal cord play an important role in the maintenance and regulation of SNA and cardiovascular function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Bazil
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Gordon
mesh_terms: D015763:2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D005971:Glutamates / Q000378:metabolism; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011149:Pons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D005971:Glutamates; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D015763:2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; C031231:2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid