title: Evolution of the hepatitis B virus gene during chronic infection in seven patients.
abstract: We analyzed the evolution of the precore/core gene of hepatitis B virus (HBV) over a period of 6 to 11 years in seven patients with chronic HBV infection, who exhibited a variety of clinical features. Sequence analysis revealed the following results: (1) HBeAg to anti-HBe seroconversion was correlated roughly with the occurrence of precore-defective mutants, and several years appeared to be required for complete replacement of wild types by mutants; (2) core gene mutations preceded precore-defective mutations and tended to increase with time, although not cumulatively. They occurred not only during serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevations but also after ALT returned to normal; (3) ALT fluctuations appeared to subside with complete replacement of the wild type by the mutant type and/or substantial accumulation of core gene mutations; (4) unexpectedly, the anti-HBe-positive "healthy" carrier was found to harbor the wild type precore gene, as did the HBeAg-positive "healthy" carrier; however, the core gene of the former evolved at a rapid rate; and (5) a partial deletion was recognized in the core gene at the onset of fatal hepatic failure in one patient. Thus, the precore/core mutation was closely related with the clinical features in the patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Aye
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shikata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yatsuhashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mima
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000382:microbiology*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013997:Time Factors