title: Hemorrhagic cystitis complicating untreated necrotizing vasculitis.
abstract: Although the genitourinary system is frequently affected in polyarteritis nodosa, involvement of the wall of the urinary bladder is extremely uncommon; moreover, when reported, it has been merely as an incidental finding late in the disease course. In contrast, hemorrhagic cystitis is a well-recognized complication of cyclophosphamide therapy for the systemic vasculitides, but has not previously been reported to complicate untreated vasculitis. Herein is described a patient who presented with non-treatment-related hemorrhagic cystitis which was found to be due to nongranulomatous necrotizing vasculitis of the wall of the urinary bladder. This represents both a novel presentation of polyarteritis and a previously unreported etiology of hemorrhagic cystitis. The differential diagnosis of apparently spontaneous hemorrhagic cystitis should therefore include active necrotizing vasculitis, independent of prior therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Block
mesh_terms: D003556:Cystitis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D010488:Polyarteritis Nodosa / Q000150:complications; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000150:complications*