title: Benzodiazepine use in older, community-dwelling southern Californians: prevalence and clinical correlates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the use of benzodiazepines (BZDs) in an older, community-dwelling sample and to examine the sociodemographic and clinical correlates of BZD use.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of 1752 elderly people (aged > or = 65 y) who completed a mailed medication survey and a telephone health status survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were invited to participate in a large Medicare demonstration project on prevention by their private physicians, who were also enrolled in the larger study. Participants had to be English-speaking, could not have dementia or a terminal illness, and had to give informed consent to participate in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sociodemographic and health status variables that predicted BZD use were examined. Sociodemographic variables included age, gender, ethnicity, education, and income. Health status variables included functional status, with measures of mental, social, and physical health. Influenza immunization status was used as an indicator for preventive health services use and self-reported chronic illness was used as a measure of comorbidity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty percent of the participants used BZDs at least twice in the past year. We found that those who used BZDs were more than twice as likely to take ten or more drugs, two-and-a-half times more likely to have difficulty falling asleep, and over twice as likely to be depressed. BZD users were also more likely to be white, to have a college education, and to have received a recent influenza shot, but were not more likely to be women when controlled for health status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further clinical research should explore the relationship between BZD use among older patients and the BZD-associated adverse clinical factors we observed, as well as the association between multiple drug use and potential adverse outcomes in older BZD users.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Based Home Care, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mayer-Oakes
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kelman
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Beers
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Jong
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matthias
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Atchison
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lubben
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Schweitzer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D002140:California; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000191:economics; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012923:Social Class
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines