title: [LEVEL 1--a new blood warming device].
abstract: Hypothermia of less than 35 degrees C, which frequently occurs in connection with massive blood transfusion, is a serious problem in many patients, in particular in those with polytrauma. The restoration of normal body temperature is very important and requires the use of a rapidly-acting, efficient and safe blood warmer, which is able to work effectively at high flow-rates. The LEVEL 1 (Technologies, Rockland, MA) is such a new blood warmer and works as a heat-exchanger via an aluminium column. This system is highly effective. Six hundred ml of sodium chloride 0.9% are warmed from 4 to 35 degrees C within one minute. This device is quickly operational and has a low priming volume. The LEVEL 1 is the only device currently available which is able to warm blood sufficiently during a very rapid blood transfusion.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Medizinischen Fakultät, Universität Rostock.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arndt
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hofmockel
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Benad
mesh_terms: D016913:Blood Component Transfusion / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D004867:Equipment Design; D006361:Heating / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans
vernacular_title: Der LEVEL 1--ein neues Bluterwärmungsgerät.