Evaluation of specificity of indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of human Q fever.
Ninety-five acute- and convalescent-phase serum specimens from 48 patients suspected of having rickettsial or Legionella infections were assayed for antibodies to Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever. To evaluate the specificity of the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for human Q fever, we compared the ELISA results with those of the indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) test. The ELISA data were analyzed by two different criteria for a positive test. The first criterion for positive results by ELISA was based upon diagnostic titers established in a study of 150 subjects who had no demonstrable cellular or humoral immune responses to C. burnetii phase I or phase II whole cells or phase I lipopolysaccharide. The second criterion was based upon diagnostic antibody titers in a study of 51 subjects who had been diagnosed as having clinical Q fever and had fourfold or greater rises in humoral immune responses to C. burnetii phase I and phase II whole-cell antigens. A comparison of the ELISA and IFA test results of the 95 serum specimens indicated excellent agreement between the tests (Kappa = 92.9%; P < 0.05). None of the 38 patients whose etiologies were confirmed serologically as Legionnaires' disease or rickettsial diseases other than Q fever were classified as positive for C. burnetii by the ELISA. Only one patient identified by the IFA test as having Q fever was not scored positive by the ELISA. These results suggest that the ELISA is useful for epidemiologic screening and as a diagnostic test for human Q fever.
Uhaa
I J
IJ
Viral and Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Fishbein
D B
DB
Olson
J G
JG
Rives
C C
CC
Waag
D M
DM
Williams
J C
JC
D000208:Acute Disease; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D003289:Convalescence; D016997:Coxiella burnetii / Q000276:immunology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D016873:Ehrlichiosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D011778:Q Fever / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012373:Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever / Q000175:diagnosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D014437:Typhus, Endemic Flea-Borne / Q000175:diagnosis
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial