title: Specificity of in vitro covalent binding of tienilic acid metabolites to human liver microsomes in relationship to the type of hepatotoxicity: comparison with two directly hepatotoxic drugs.
abstract: In order to better understand the first steps leading to drug-induced immunoallergic hepatitis, we studied the target of anti-LKM2 autoantibodies appearing in tienilic acid-induced hepatitis, and the target of tienilic acid-reactive metabolites. It was identified as cytochrome P450 2C9, (P450 2C9): indeed, anti-LKM2 specifically recognized P450 2C9, but none of the other P450s tested (including other 2C subfamily members, 2C8 and 2C18). Tienilic acid-reactive metabolite(s) specifically bound to P450 2C9, and experiments with yeast expressing active isolated P450s showed that P450 2C9 was responsible for tienilic acid-reactive metabolite(s) production. Results of qualitative and quantitative covalent binding of tienilic acid metabolite(s) to human liver microsomes were then compared to those obtained with two drugs leading to direct toxic hepatitis, namely, acetaminophen and chloroform. Kinetic constants (Km and Vmax) were measured, and the covalent binding profile of the metabolites to human liver microsomal proteins was studied. Tienilic acid had both the lowest Km and the highest covalent binding rate at pharmacological doses. For acetaminophen and chloroform, several microsomal proteins were covalently bound, while covalent binding was highly specific for tienilic acid and dihydralazine, another drug leading to immunoallergic hepatitis. Although low numbers of drugs were tested, these results led us to think that there may exist a relationship between the specificity of covalent binding and the type of hepatotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U75, CHU Necker-Enfants-Malades, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lecoeur
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bonierbale
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Challine
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gautier
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Valadon
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Dansette
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Catinot
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ballet
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mansuy
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Beaune
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000633:toxicity; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000378:metabolism*; D002725:Chloroform / Q000633:toxicity; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D004078:Dihydralazine / Q000633:toxicity; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007668:Kidney / Q000276:immunology; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000276:immunology; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013989:Ticrynafen / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D000082:Acetaminophen; D002725:Chloroform; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D013989:Ticrynafen; D004078:Dihydralazine