title: Distinct pattern of embryonic expression of the sea urchin CyI actin gene in Tripneustes gratilla.
abstract: Cloning and sequencing of Tripneustes gratilla genomic DNA and cDNA encoding a developmentally regulated, embryonic messenger RNA, referred to as Tg616, revealed an actin-encoding gene orthologous to the CyI actin gene described from Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Tg616 and SpCyI share: (1) 150 nucleotides of highly conserved sequence 5' of the transcription start site, (2) 95% nucleotide sequence identity in the protein encoding regions, which specify identical amino acid residues in 375 of 377 positions, and (3) extensive nucleotide sequence identity in the 3' untranslated region of their messenger RNAs. Tg616 was therefore designated TgCyI. In situ hybridization shows sequential activation of TgCyI in various cells of the embryo. TgCyI mRNA becomes abundant in primary and secondary mesenchyme cells as they prepare to enter the blastocoel, in prospective aboral ectoderm cells at blastula stage, in gut cells during gut differentiation, and in oral ectoderm at pluteus stage. This pattern of embryonic gene expression is more complex than any of the major patterns of developmentally upregulated genes observed in S. purpuratus embryos and is distinct from SpCyI expression which is progressively restricted to the gut and oral ectoderm.
authors.affiliation: Pacific Biomedical Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu 96813.
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Angerer
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Dolecki
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lum
authors.forename: G V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carlos
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Angerer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Humphreys
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012617:Sea Urchins / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics*; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D004247:DNA