title: General health assessment in refugees claiming to have been tortured.
abstract: General health assessment of refugees claiming to have been previously exposed to torture takes place in a psychological atmosphere affected by the difficult situation of the refugee. Thirty-one refugees, mainly from the Middle East and Africa, were assessed as regards their physical and mental health. Assessment took place with the help of professional interpreters and was, during each interview, performed by two medical doctors using double-blind techniques. Based on a number of highly significant (P < 0.001) correlation coefficients and Kappa values, observers agreed frequently on gradients of symptom intensity and less frequently on absolute symptom levels. However, agreement was almost complete when assessing the presence of intense symptoms and the absolute absence of a symptom. Symptom patterns were demonstrated to be consistent, clinically interpretable and, furthermore, closely associated (P < 0.0001) with self-reported global (general) health. Reliability was moderate with respect to clinical observation during interview.
authors.affiliation: Amnesty International Medical Group, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kastrup
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Foldspang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000209:etiology; D000349:Africa / Q000208:ethnology; D003718:Denmark; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D008875:Middle Aged; D008877:Middle East / Q000208:ethnology; D015588:Observer Variation; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D012036:Refugees; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014104:Torture / Q000523:psychology