title: Protective effect of nickel chloride on superoxide damage: enhancement of CuZn superoxide dismutase affinity to the oxygen free radical.
abstract: The effect of nickel from soluble NiCl2 on Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, as well as on rate of nitro blue tetrazolium reduction, was studied in vitro since lipid peroxidation has been implicated in cell damage by nickel insoluble compounds, whose toxicity and carcinogenicity are well established. The physical and chemical nature of nickel compounds is one of the key determinations of its toxicity. Soluble nickel freely enter cells, but is just as readily excreted reducing the opportunity for production of lipid damage. Nickel from NiCl2 strongly activated SOD activity. In vitro addition of nickel chloride to a crude lung preparation altered the KM for SOD without changing the Vmax. Nickel chloride produced increased enzyme affinity to the substrate, because decreased (O2-) concentration that yields half-maximal velocity. The combination of nickel and SOD may contribute to stabilization of the particular conformation of SOD responsible for maximal catalytically activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Novelli
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: B O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Ribas
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D009532:Nickel / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009580:Nitroblue Tetrazolium / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009580:Nitroblue Tetrazolium; C022838:nickel chloride; D009532:Nickel; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase