title: In vitro study of the intrinsic toxicity of synthetic surfaces to cells.
abstract: A trypan blue inclusion assay was used to measure cell death on poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS), polyethylene (PE), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polyurethanes, glass, and glow-discharge-treated polystyrene or poly(ethylene terephthalate). Cell lines used were bovine aortic endothelial, 3T3, mouse peritoneal macrophage, and BHK cells. In the absence of proteins in the media, PDMS, PE, PMMA, and some polyurethanes were consistently found to induce cell death. This toxic effect disappeared if the cells were seeded in serum-containing medium or if concentrated solutions of proteins (albumin, IgG, or fibronectin) were preadsorbed on the materials. The substrate toxicity appeared to be due to the physical properties of the substrate and not to the release of toxic leachables.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Ertel
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Ratner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaul
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Schway
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Horbett
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D002417:Cattle; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D003470:Culture Media; D004355:Drug Stability; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D011108:Polymers / Q000633:toxicity*; D011506:Proteins; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003470:Culture Media; D011108:Polymers; D011506:Proteins