Aldehyde-induced protein modifications in human plasma: protection by glutathione and dihydrolipoic acid.
Exposure of human plasma to gas phase cigarette smoke (CS) produces a depletion of ascorbic acid, peroxidation of lipids (Frei et al. Biochem J 1991; 277: 133-8), and protein modification (as measured by protein carbonyl accumulation and loss of sulfhydryl groups) (Reznick et al. Biochem J 1992; 286: 607-11). CS contains both saturated and unsaturated aldehydes. The contribution of these aldehydes to the damaging effects of CS on human plasma was investigated. Aldehydes present in CS did not cause a depletion of plasma antioxidants such as ascorbic acid or alpha-tocopherol and did not induce plasma lipid peroxidation. Aldehydes decreased plasma protein sulfhydryl concentrations but increased protein carbonyls. The thiols glutathione and dihydrolipoic acid had a significant effect in reducing aldehyde-induced protein modifications.
O'Neill
C A
CA
Department of Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento 95817.
Halliwell
B
B
van der Vliet
A
A
Davis
P A
PA
Packer
L
L
Tritschler
H
H
Strohman
W J
WJ
Rieland
T
T
Cross
C E
CE
Reznick
A Z
AZ
D000328:Adult; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood
D000447:Aldehydes; D000975:Antioxidants; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D014810:Vitamin E; D008063:Thioctic Acid; C015144:dihydrolipoic acid; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid