title: Efficacy of 12 months' misoprostol as prophylaxis against NSAID-induced gastric ulcers. A placebo-controlled trial.
abstract: We performed a 12-month, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study to determine the long term effect of misoprostol (600-800 micrograms/d) in the prevention of gastric ulcers and gastroduodenal erosions in 83 arthritis patients on chronic NSAID therapy. Patients underwent endoscopy at 0, 3, 6 and 12 months. At the initial endoscopy, 12 patients had an ulcer (11 gastric), which was healed prior to randomization. Seventy eligible patients reached the 3 month endoscopy. Four (12.5%) of the 32 patients given misoprostol developed a gastric ulcer compared with 11 (28.9%) of the 38 on placebo (p < 0.05, life-table analysis). Six of the 11 patients with an initial gastric ulcer developed a further gastric ulcer, compared to 9 of 58 patients without an initial ulcer (p < 0.05). We conclude that misoprostol decreases the cumulative development of NSAID-induced gastric ulcers. Patients with a previous NSAID-ulcer have a higher risk of further ulceration.
authors.affiliation: University of Melbourne Department of Medicine, Austin Repatriation Hospital, Australia.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Yeomans
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Smallwood
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001168:Arthritis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016595:Misoprostol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016595:Misoprostol