title: Dysrhythmias controlled with stellate ganglion block in a child with diabetes and a variant of long QT syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A 9-year-old boy with a history of poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was found at home unresponsive. QT prolongation was diagnosed on inspection of Holter monitoring performed immediately before episodes of ventricular fibrillation.
  
  
  METHODS
  In spite of medical management with propranolol, esmolol, phenytoin, and diazepam, the patient continued to have episodes of QT prolongation followed by ventricular dysrhythmias that reverted to sinus rhythm only after cardiopulmonary resuscitation and cardioversion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A series of left stellate ganglion blocks with bupivacaine eradicated the dysrhythmias. The child was then referred to another institution for insertion of an automatic internal cardioverter defibrillator.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case report emphasizes the effectiveness of left stellate ganglion block with bupivacaine in a child with a variant of long QT syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa 33612-4479.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mesa
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D001340:Autonomic Nerve Block; D002045:Bupivacaine; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D005730:Ganglionic Blockers; D006801:Humans; D008133:Long QT Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D013233:Stellate Ganglion; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D005730:Ganglionic Blockers; D002045:Bupivacaine