title: Acute pain management of the chronic pain patient on opiates: a survey of caregivers at University of Washington Medical Center.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The provision of acute pain management for the chronic pain patient can pose a challenge. We sought to characterize management issues.
  
  
  METHODS
  An anonymous survey was distributed to 270 physicians and 212 nurses at University of Washington Medical Center (UWMC) in an attempt to characterize management issues.
  
  
  METHODS
  Caregivers were queried regarding treatment modalities, efficacy of anxiolysis, patient attributes, concern of the quantity of medication, criteria for patient evaluation, and other management issues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the respondents, 61.8% were physicians, and 38.2% were nurses. The mean duration in practice was 7.7 years. The responses from the two groups were similar. Seventy-five percent reported using different pain-evaluation techniques for chronic pain patients than those utilized for the "average" patient. Pain scores were used frequently in the average patient, whereas ability to perform activities was used more commonly in the chronic pain patient (p < 0.0001). Half of the respondents expressed concern regarding the amount of medication used and level of sedation. The same proportion found anxiolysis to be a helpful adjunct. The use of a time-contingent "pain cocktail" as an oral medication was a useful strategy for 88% of respondents. The least labor-intensive modality reported was patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for 84.5% of respondents; intravenous opiate fusion, 5.3%; and epidural analgesia, 11.2%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The survey describes caregiver concerns regarding this patient population, including medication use, sedation, length of hospital stay, and evaluation techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Rapp
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Wild
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Egan
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Ready
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017028:Caregivers; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009294:Narcotics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009726:Nurses; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010820:Physicians; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014861:Washington
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics