title: Atrial natriuretic peptide and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
abstract: A total of 78 Chinese patients with clinically uncomplicated non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) who had plasma creatinine concentrations of < 150 mumol/l were studied. Antihypertensive treatment was discontinued for at least six weeks prior to measurements of routine biochemistry, proteinuria, plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentrations and components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). BP was measured on three occasions during the six weeks period prior to these measurements. At the end of the six week period, a total of 33 patients had definite hypertension (supine BP > or = 160/95 mmHg). The hypertensive patients had significantly higher plasma sodium (mean +/- SD): 140.3 +/- 1.9 vs. 138.5 +/- 2.0 mmol/l, P < 0.001) and lower plasma potassium (3.8 +/- 0.5 vs. 4.2 +/- 0.5 mmol/l, P < 0.01) concentrations. These were associated with reduced plasma aldosterone (median (range): 297 (98-1145) vs. 448.5 (93-1330) pmol/l, P < 0.01) and renin concentrations (16.8 (7.4-71.8) vs. 23.5 (7.4-83.7) ng/l, P = 0.06). The hypertensive patients also had significantly higher plasma ANP concentrations (36.5 (20.5-125.1) vs. 23.2 (11.7-63.0) pg/ml, P < 0.001), serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity (65 (26-140.9) vs. 47 (22-106) units/l, P < 0.001) and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) (35.4 (1.6-4800) vs. 7.8 (1.8-310.4) mg/day, P < 0.001). Glycaemic control and renal function were similar between the two groups. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) correlated positively with plasma ANP concentration (r = 0.53, P < 0.001) and serum ACE activity (r = 0.37, P < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Cockram
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Critchley
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Swaminathan
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Nicholls
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000503:physiopathology; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor