title: 3-Chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) induces gene mutations and inhibits metabolic cooperation in cultured Chinese hamster cells.
abstract: Investigations were carried out on 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX), a potent direct-acting bacterial mutagen found in chlorinated tap water, for the potential to induce 6-thioguanine (6-TG) resistant mutations in cultured Chinese hamster V79 cells. The mutagenicity of MX was manifested when cells were treated with MX in Hanks balanced salt solution, but not in serum-free Eagle's minimal essential medium. A 12-fold higher mutation frequency over control was obtained at 12.5 micrograms/ml MX. In addition, the inhibitory effect of MX on metabolic cooperation between cocultivated 6-TG- sensitive (6-TGs) and -resistant (6-TGr) V79 cells was investigated. Recovery of 6-TGr cells significantly increased at 0.8-2.0 micrograms/ml MX due to impaired intercellular communication with 6-TGs cells. MX is believed to exert tumor-promoting and mutagenic activity in mammalian cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002999:Clone Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005663:Furans / Q000633:toxicity*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D009154:Mutation
chemical_list: D005663:Furans; D009153:Mutagens; C054121:3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone