title: Patient position during cinedefecography. Influence on perineal descent and other measurements.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to assess the reproducibility of cinedefecography measurements and abnormal findings between the left lateral decubitus and seated positions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective patient evaluation included all patients who had lateral radiographs of the pelvis taken at rest, during squeezing, and pushing in both positions. Anorectal angle, perineal descent, and puborectalis length measurements were calculated for each set of radiographs. Pelvic floor dynamics during evacuation were measured as the changes between rest and pushing. Abnormal findings included both increased dynamic and fixed perineal descent, nonrelaxing puborectalis, and premature evacuation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred five consecutive patients underwent cinedefecography. There were statistically significant differences between the positions with regard to anorectal angle (P < 0.0001), perineal descent (P = 0.0001), and puborectalis length (P = 0.0001). Dynamic changes of the anorectal angle, perineal descent, and puborectalis length were not significantly different (P > 0.05). However, 6 of 22 (27 percent) patients with fecal incontinence had premature evacuation severe enough to impede measurement only when seated (P = 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of the statistically significant differences between the two positions, centers should always employ the same position for a given diagnostic group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Fort Lauderdale 33309.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Ger
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Wexner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001466:Barium Sulfate; D002648:Child; D002933:Cineradiography / Q000379:methods*; D003672:Defecation / Q000502:physiology*; D004733:Enema / Q000379:methods; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010502:Perineum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012146:Rest
chemical_list: D001466:Barium Sulfate