title: Isolated bypass to the superior mesenteric artery for intestinal ischemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A number of reports indicate revascularization for intestinal ischemia should include the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the celiac artery. However, no controlled or randomized studies have proven this approach superior to SMA bypass alone. We report our results using bypass to only the SMA for intestinal ischemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review with mean follow-up of 40 months (range, 2 to 110 months).
  
  
  METHODS
  University medical center and Veterans Affairs hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of patients who underwent intestinal revascularization of the SMA alone from 1982 through 1993 were reviewed. Patients were assessed for indication for operation, operative technique, perioperative mortality, and long-term outcome. The SMA grafts were examined for patency within the last 6 months using duplex scanning or arteriography. Patient survival and graft patency rates were calculated using life-table methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-nine bypasses to only the SMA were performed in 26 patients (16 female and 10 male; mean age, 59 years; age range, 13 to 81 years). Indication for operation was symptomatic chronic mesenteric ischemia in 23 cases and acute intestinal ischemia in five cases. One bypass was performed for asymptomatic SMA occlusion. There were three perioperative deaths (10% mortality rate), all in patients with acute intestinal ischemia and previous mesenteric arterial surgery. Life-table 4-year primary graft patency and patient survival rates were 89% and 82%, respectively. Symptomatic improvement was maintained in all patients available for follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Revascularization of only the SMA for intestinal ischemia provides excellent graft patency with acceptable perioperative mortality and long-term patient survival. The SMA bypass alone for intestinal ischemia appears as successful as bypasses to multiple visceral vessels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Gentile
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Moneta
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: McConnell
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Porter
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000098:blood supply*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D017538:Mesenteric Artery, Superior / Q000601:surgery*; D008641:Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014654:Vascular Patency