title: Hybrid anthracycline antibiotics: production of new anthracyclines by cloned genes from Streptomyces purpurascens in Streptomyces galilaeus.
abstract: A DNA segment cloned from Streptomyces purpurascens ATCC 25489 close to a region that hybridized to a probe containing part of the actinorhodin polyketide synthase caused S. galilaeus ATCC 31615 to produce new anthracyclines. When transformed with certain sub-clones of this segment, the host produced glycosides of epsilon-rhodomycinone, beta-rhodomycinone, 10-demethoxycarbonylaklavinone and 11-deoxy-beta-rhodomycinone in addition to those of aklavinone, the natural anthracyclines of S. galilaeus. The first two compounds are S. purpurascens products and the other two are novel compounds that conceptually are structural hybrids between S. galilaeus and S. purpurascens products. Three glycosides of one of the novel aglycones, 11-deoxy-beta-rhodomycinone, were purified and found to possess cytotoxic activity against L1210 mouse leukaemia cells. Separate regions of the cloned S. purpurascens DNA are responsible for modification of the S. galilaeus host product at the 10- and 11-positions.
authors.affiliation: Leiras OY, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niemi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ylihonko
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hakala
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pärssinen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kopio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mäntsälä
mesh_terms: D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D018943:Anthracyclines; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000378:metabolism; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D007939:Leukemia L1210; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009279:Naphthacenes / Q000378:metabolism; D048630:Polyketide Synthases; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D013045:Species Specificity; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D000095622:Benzoisochromanequinones
chemical_list: D000217:Acyltransferases; D000617:Aminoglycosides; D018943:Anthracyclines; D000880:Anthraquinones; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D009279:Naphthacenes; D048630:Polyketide Synthases; C089236:11-deoxyrhodomycinone 2,3,6-trideoxy-3-dimethylaminohexopyranoside; C089237:11-deoxyrhodomycinone 2,3,6-trideoxy-4-oxohexopyranosyl-(1-4)-2,6-dideoxyhexopyranosyl-(1-4)-2,3,6-trideoxy-3-dimethylaminohexopyranoside; C089249:11-deoxyrhodomycinone 4-O-(heptahydro-2,9-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane(2,3-b-6,5-c')dipyran-3(4H)-one-7-yl)-2,3,6-trideoxy-3-dimethylaminohexopyranoside; C027832:aklavinone; C087193:polyketide beta-ketoacylsynthase; C013390:actinorhodin; D000095622:Benzoisochromanequinones