title: Thoracoscopic instruments and ancillary equipment.
abstract: Thoracoscopic instruments of today are rooted in surgical innovations which began over 100 years ago. The advent of modern video-optical equipment and endoscopic techniques has given birth to a wide array of new instruments and surgical uses. This process is still in full swing. An overview of the most important developments is given, and future lines of development are explored.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Montefiore University Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Worsey
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Landreneau
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D006488:Hemostasis, Surgical / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000295:instrumentation; D013523:Surgical Equipment; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D013528:Surgical Staplers; D013896:Thoracic Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D020708:Thoracoscopes; D014741:Video Recording / Q000295:instrumentation