title: Treatment with corticosteroids--a risk factor for the development of clinical cytomegalovirus disease in AIDS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the frequency with which HIV-seropositive patients treated with corticosteroids develop cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case-controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  All 130 patients receiving systemic corticosteroids over a 20-month period at the HIV Unit, Westminster Hospital, London, UK were reviewed for the development of clinical CMV disease within 28 days. The incidence of CMV disease in this group was compared with that in a cohort admitted during the same period, which was matched for admission diagnosis, HIV risk group, antiretroviral therapy and CD4 lymphocyte subset count (+/- 20%) at admission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven of the 130 patients given corticosteroids developed CMV disease within 28 days, compared with two patients in the case-controlled cohort. All patients who developed CMV disease had a CD4 count < 50 x 10(6)/l on admission.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of corticosteroids in patients with advanced immunosuppression due to HIV infection should be reviewed carefully in view of the possible increased incidence of CMV disease.
authors.affiliation: HIV Unit, Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Erskine
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Gazzard
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000401:mortality; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003092:Colitis / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D015993:Life Tables; D008875:Middle Aged; D012173:Retinitis / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones