title: Quil A and ISCOMs as adjuvants for midgut membrane antigens of Boophilus microplus.
abstract: Quil A used with Boophilus microplus gut membrane antigen (GM) had a significant effect on antibody levels induced in sheep (P < 0.05) since GM alone did not induce a significant level of antibodies. Injection of a vaccine containing GM and Quil A, either subcutaneously or intramuscularly, induced similar levels of antibodies in sheep. However, Quil A injected subcutaneously induced acute inflammatory reaction. The amount of Quil A for use with GM was determined to be 1000 micrograms/ml. Immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs) incorporating detergent-solubilized membrane midgut antigens (TX-GM) failed to induce an immune response in cattle without the addition of Quil A. The addition of Quil A to the ISCOMs containing TX-GM did not stimulate antibody responses greater than those stimulated by TX-GM plus Quil A, and protection in vaccinated cattle was 86% and 74%, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Opdebeeck
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle / Q000276:immunology*; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D016882:ISCOMs / Q000276:immunology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced; D008297:Male; D062605:Quillaja Saponins; D012503:Saponins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000633:toxicity; D012756:Sheep / Q000276:immunology*; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013984:Tick Infestations / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D013987:Ticks / Q000276:immunology*; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D016882:ISCOMs; D062605:Quillaja Saponins; D012503:Saponins; D014612:Vaccines; C046386:Quil A