title: Daudi supernatant, unlike other H-Y antigen sources, exerts a sex-reversing effect on embryonic chick gonad differentiation.
abstract: In vitro cultures of intact chick gonads (organ cultures) and reaggregation cultures of dispersed gonad cells (roller cultures) were made. Gonads or gonad cells from 7-day-old chick embryos, at the stage when sex-specific differentiation begins, were cultured in the presence of presumed H-Y antigen-containing supernatants, or co-cultured in the presence of H-Y antigen-producing cell lines. The H-Y antigen-producing cells tested were of human, mouse, bovine and chicken origin. During organ culture, addition of supernatant of the human lymphoma cell line Daudi, or co-culture with Daudi cells, stimulated a clear proliferation of the germinal epithelium in male gonads, indicating feminization. A similar effect was obtained by treatment with estradiol. In reaggregation culture, the increase in nuclear size of germ cells was chosen as a parameter for feminization. A significant increase of germ cell nuclear size was observed in gonads cultured in the presence of Daudi supernatant. In both organ cultures and reaggregation cultures, other tested H-Y antigen sources and semi-purified H-Y antigen fractions did not exert significant effects on differentiation of the gonads or on the average area of the germ cell nuclei. These findings suggest that it is not H-Y antigen, but another protein produced by Daudi cells, that might be responsible for the sex-reversing effects.
authors.affiliation: DLO-Institute for Animal Science and Health (ID-DLO), Research Branch Zeist, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hendriksen
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Drews
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Frankenhuis
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Veerhuis
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hengst
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Booman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002449:Cell Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002642:Chick Embryo; D012734:Disorders of Sex Development; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006066:Gonads / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology; D006182:H-Y Antigen / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D010053:Ovary / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology; D013737:Testis / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D006182:H-Y Antigen; D004958:Estradiol