title: Differential effects of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia on leucine rate of appearance in normal humans.
abstract: To determine the independent effects of insulin and glucose on the rate of appearance of leucine in humans, five normal volunteers were studied using a pancreatic clamp with sequential insulin infusions of 1.8, 3.6 and 7.2 pmol kg/min-1. On each of three separate occasions, the plasma glucose level was maintained at 5.0, 9.4 or 14 mM. The rate of appearance of leucine was similar at each insulin infusion rate regardless of the ambient glucose concentration or the glucose infusion rate. These studies demonstrate that during insulin and glucose infusion, insulin, but neither the plasma glucose concentration nor the rate of glucose utilization, primarily regulates leucine flux (a reflection of endogenous whole body proteolysis) in normal humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905.
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Heiling
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Gottesman
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tsalikian
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Beaufrere
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Gerich
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Haymond
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood*; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000097:blood*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems; D007930:Leucine / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D013004:Somatostatin; D005934:Glucagon; D007930:Leucine