title: One-stage repair of hypospadias: is there no simple method universally applicable to all types of hypospadias?
abstract: A simple method of hypospadias repair is described. The operative technique consists of 7 steps, including 1) outlining the skin incision and dartos mobilization; 2) artificial erection, harvesting parameatal foreskin flap and release of chordee as needed; 3) glans splitting and creation of glanular wings; 4) 1-stage urethroplasty with parameatal foreskin flap; 5) meatal glanuloplasty; 6) creation of Byars' flaps of the skin, and 7) skin closure. Central to the technique is the feasibility of the choice of 1-stage urethroplasty with meatal based manta-wing flap or with parameatal based and fully extended circumferential foreskin flap even after the skin incision is made, which enables its application to all types of hypospadias. Of 120 patients the 1-stage urethroplasty was performed with meatal based manta-wing flap in 50, and with parameatal based and fully extended circumferential foreskin flap in 70. Primary success was obtained in 82% of the cases with meatal based manta-wing flap, and in 53% with parameatal based and fully extended circumferential foreskin flap. Complications requiring secondary repair occurred in 42 cases (9 with meatal based manta-wing flap, and 33 with parameatal based and fully extended circumferential foreskin flap) but repair was successful in 32. Thus, the overall success rate was 91% (96% with meatal based manta-wing flap, and 87% with parameatal based and fully extended circumferential foreskin flap). Additional repair (10 secondary, 2 tertiary and 1 quaternary) is planned in 13 cases. The technique of 1-stage urethroplasty with parameatal foreskin flap is recommended as a simple and reliable treatment for hypospadias with a reasonable success rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koyanagi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nonomura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanagawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kakizaki
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003663:Decision Trees; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000379:methods*