title: Distribution of leptomeningeal glioneuronal heterotopia in alobar holoprosencephaly.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the pathogenetic significance of the topographic distribution of leptomeningeal glioneuronal heterotopia, a common finding in holoprosencephaly.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gross, histological, and immunohistochemical observations of alobar holoprosencephaly in brain specimens taken at autopsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Brains removed at autopsy from five consecutive patients with alobar holoprosencephaly.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunoperoxidase staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all brains, leptomeningeal glioneuronal heterotopia showed an identical distribution, ranging from the basal prosencephalon to the pons, with the thickest distribution occurring in the basal prosencephalon.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The constant localization implicates leptomeningeal glioneuronal heterotopia in severe dysgenesis of midline prosencephalon, the basic pathogenesis of the anomaly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizuguchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maekawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamoshita
mesh_terms: D002828:Choristoma / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D016142:Holoprosencephaly / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008578:Meninges; D009457:Neuroglia; D009474:Neurons