title: Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex infection in HIV-infected children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the incidence of, and risk factors for, Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex (MAC) infection in HIV-infected children.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-affiliated children's hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 70 HIV-infected infants and children were reviewed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven children (10% of the HIV-infected patients; 18% of those with AIDS) developed disseminated MAC (dMAC). An additional seven children had gastrointestinal colonization with MAC. Risk of dMAC was associated with increasing age, decreasing CD4 cell count, and (possibly) long-term steroid therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HIV-infected children are at risk of developing dMAC. Children older than 60 months and those with a CD4 cell count < 100 x 10(6)/l are most at risk.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Rutstein
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cobb
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: McGowan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pinto-Martin
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Starr
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D000367:Age Factors; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D015270:Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015143:Philadelphia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors