title: Comparison of the sensitivity of nested PCR in the 5' non-coding and the NS5 regions of the HCV genome.
abstract: Thirty-seven patients with antibodies to hepatitis C virus detected by second-generation enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay were studied. Serum of 20 patients with increased serum alanine aminotransferase and 17 patients with normal serum alanine aminotransferase levels was tested for hepatitis C virus RNA with reverse transcription and nested polymerase chain reaction. The nested polymerase chain reaction was independently performed in both the 5' non-coding region and putative non-structural 5 region. The results of these 37 sera were: 28 5' non-coding region polymerase chain reaction positive (17 with increased alanine aminotransferase) and 13 non-structural 5 region polymerase chain reaction positive (8 with increased alanine aminotransferase). Eighteen of the 20 patient with increased alanine aminotransferase (90%) and 11 of the 17 patients with normal alanine aminotransferase (65%) were polymerase chain reaction positive. Of the 28 5' non-coding region polymerase chain reaction positive subjects, 16 were non-structural 5 region polymerase chain reaction negative. The failure to amplify hepatitis C virus-RNA using the non-structural 5 region primers in these patients may be related to the higher genetic variability in the non-structural 5 region than in the 5' non-coding region. Overall, the 5' non-coding region polymerase chain reaction provides a more reliable test for the diagnosis of hepatitis C virus. However, a recombinant immunoblot assay-2 indeterminate patient with increased alanine aminotransferase was polymerase chain reaction negative in the 5' non-coding region and polymerase chain reaction positive in the non-structural 5 region. For this patient, the specificity of the non-structural 5 amplified product was confirmed by hybridization and sequencing.
authors.affiliation: CBMS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
authors.forename: L Z
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martinot-Peignoux
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marcellin
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Benhamou
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Larzul
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D016679:Genome, Viral; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting / Q000379:methods; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D012367:RNA, Viral