title: Results of transurethral resection and intravesical doxorubicin prophylaxis in patients with T1G3 bladder cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This retrospective study evaluates the outcome of patients with T1G3 bladder cancer treated by transurethral resection (TUR) and intravesical doxorubicin prophylaxis and identifies clinically useful prognostic factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty-eight consecutive patients with primary T1G3 bladder cancer were treated by TUR followed by 1-year intravesical prophylaxis with doxorubicin. Sex, age, number, size, and morphology of the tumors, exfoliative cytology, presence of dysplasia at first observation, pathologic findings of the first recurrence, and number of recurrences were the parameters considered in a multivariate analysis whose object was to identify specific risk factors for recurrence and progression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The recurrence rate was 56.3% and progression of disease was seen in 23.4% of cases with a disease-specific mortality rate of 7.8%. The disease-free survival in patients who had cystectomy was 37.7 months and the disease-specific mortality rate for this group was 35.7%. The recurrence rate was found to be significantly higher for multiple tumors, solid morphology, size greater than 3 cm, positive exfoliative cytology, and concurrent dysplasia. The reappearance of Stage 1, grade 3 tumor on first recurrence was the only factor found to be correlated with progression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Up front therapy consisting of TUR and intravesical doxorubicin prophylaxis is appropriate for T1G3 bladder cancer. Patients with unfavorable prognostic factors should be kept under strict control; and if a T1G3 tumor is identified on first recurrence, immediate cystectomy should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Bono
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Benvenuti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Damiano
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lovisolo
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015653:Cystectomy; D003558:Cystoscopy; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D004317:Doxorubicin