title: Relative effectiveness of 239Pu and some other internal emitters for bone cancer induction in beagles.
abstract: The toxicity ratio (relative effectiveness per gray of average skeletal dose) has been estimated for bone cancer induction in beagles injected as young adults for a number of bone-seeking internal emitters. These experiments yielded calculated toxicity ratios (+/- SD) relative to 226Ra = 1.0 of 239Pu = 16 +/- 5 (single exposure to monomeric Pu) and 32 +/- 10 (continuous exposure from an extraskeletal deposit in the body), 224Ra = 16 +/- 5 (chronic exposure) and approximately 6 +/- 2 (single exposure), 228Th = 8.5 +/- 2.3, 241Am = 6 +/- 0.8, 228Ra = 2.0 +/- 0.5, 249Cf = 6 +/- 3, 252Cf = 4 +/- 2, 90Sr = 1.0 +/- 0.5 (for high doses) and 0.05 +/- 0.03 (for low doses) and 0.01 +/- 0.01 (for extremely low doses). Because no skeletal malignancies were observed among beagles given only 253Es, the toxicity ratio is undefined.
authors.affiliation: Radiobiology Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Bruenger
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Jee
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Angus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced; D011005:Plutonium / Q000633:toxicity*; D011883:Radium / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D011005:Plutonium; D011883:Radium