title: Prognostic significance of a formalin-resistant nuclear proliferation antigen in mammary carcinomas as determined by the monoclonal antibody Ki-S1.
abstract: Proliferative activity is a potential prognostic indicator of neoplastic cell growth. Usually the assessment of the tumor growth fraction requires specially processed or frozen tissue. We have raised a monoclonal antibody, Ki-S1, suitable for the detection of proliferating cells in routinely processed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens. A retrospective study was conducted on 83 mammary carcinoma patients with a median follow-up of 45.6 months. Ki-S1 positivity was significantly (P < 0.0001) correlated with the S-phase fraction. A high proliferative activity of more than 30% of tumor cells being Ki-S1-positive was significantly correlated with recurrence (P < 0.001). Cumulative survival was significantly reduced in the high Ki-S1 expressing subgroup. In a multivariate model including Ki-S1, lymph node metastases, tumor size, and progesterone receptor positivity, independent significant information was provided by Ki-S1. We conclude that in mammary carcinomas, Ki-S1-determined growth fraction represents a significant and independent prognostic predictor.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kreipe
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alm
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Olsson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hauberg
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parwaresch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000187:drug effects*; D011379:Prognosis; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D005557:Formaldehyde