title: A quantitative study on the spatial and temporal ossification patterns of vertebral centra and neural arches and their relationship to the fetal age.
abstract: A double-staining technique on 37 human embryos and fetuses (crown-rump length, CRL, between 38 and 116 mm) has been performed to study the ossification patterns of the vertebral column. Different growth sequences for centra and neural arches were observed. The survey of ossified centers suggested it was possible to relate significantly their appearance with the CRL. On the basis of already known data defining the developmental age in relationship to the latter parameter, we suggest their numerical evaluation as a further parameter for the assessment of the fetal age. Therefore, we have worked out a table that may be used either to determine the normal fetal growth, or when other parameters cannot be relied upon (i.e. in morphological diseases) for this aim.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Morphology, University of Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bareggi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Grill
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zweyer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Narducci
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Forabosco
mesh_terms: D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D005333:Fetus; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology; D010012:Osteogenesis; D012447:Sacrum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology; D013131:Spine / Q000196:embryology*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology