title: Differential effects of protein kinase inhibitors and activators on memory formation in the 2-day-old chick.
abstract: Thirteen protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) were investigated in chicks for their in vitro effects on PKC activity and for their in vivo effects on memory formation for a peak-avoidance task. Amnesia occurred by 15-30 min post-training when agents that inhibit primarily Ca2+/calmodulin were injected into brain. Amnesia occurred by 60 min post-training when agents that inhibit PKC-, PKA-, and/or PKG-dependent protein kinases, but not Ca2+/calmodulin, were injected. Enhancement of memory formation was accomplished by injecting bradykinin, but not forskolin. Both of these agents, however, attenuated the amnesia produced by H-7. These results are discussed as relevant neural processes involved in memory and synaptic plasticity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California at Berkeley 94720.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Beniston
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Oxonian
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rosenzweig
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Bennett
mesh_terms: D000647:Amnesia / Q000139:chemically induced; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000502:physiology*; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000494:pharmacology; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology*; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005576:Colforsin; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D001920:Bradykinin