title: Homozygous disruption of the murine mdr2 P-glycoprotein gene leads to a complete absence of phospholipid from bile and to liver disease.
abstract: Two types of P-glycoprotein have been found in mammals: the drug-transporting P-glycoproteins and a second type, unable to transport hydrophobic anticancer drugs. The latter is encoded by the human MDR3 (also called MDR2) and the mouse mdr2 genes, and its tissue distribution (bile canalicular membrane of hepatocytes, B cells, heart, and muscle) suggests a specialized metabolic function. We have generated mice homozygous for a disruption of the mdr2 gene. These mice develop a liver disease that appears to be caused by the complete inability of the liver to secrete phospholipid into the bile. Mice heterozygous for the disrupted allele had no detectable liver pathology, but half the level of phospholipid in bile. We conclude that the mdr2 P-glycoprotein has an essential role in the secretion of phosphatidylcholine into bile and hypothesize that it may be a phospholipid transport protein or phospholipid flippase.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Smit
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Schinkel
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Oude Elferink
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Groen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wagenaar
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: van Deemter
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mol
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ottenhoff
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: van der Lugt
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: van Roon
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism*; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D004798:Enzymes / Q000097:blood; D006720:Homozygote; D008099:Liver / Q000503:physiopathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011995:Recombination, Genetic
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004798:Enzymes; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D010743:Phospholipids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D001663:Bilirubin