title: Meiotic crossing-over in nondisjoined chromosomes of children with trisomy 21 and a congenital heart defect.
abstract: We have used DNA polymorphisms to study meiotic crossovers of chromosome 21q in 27 nuclear families. Each family had a child with Down syndrome and a congenital heart defect. Twenty DNA polymorphisms on chromosome 21 were used to determine parental and meiotic origin of nondisjunction and to identify crossovers. Twenty-four cases were of maternal origin, and three were of paternal origin. Twenty-two unequivocal crossover events were identified. Sixteen crossovers were observed in 22 chromosome pairs nondisjoining at the second meiotic division. Fifty percent of crossover events in MI nondisjunction are detectable by molecular genetic means. Thus, the results suggest that, in this sample, each nondisjoined chromosome 21 pair has been involved in at least one crossover event.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, England.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Farrer
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Cullen
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Wyse
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kessling
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002891:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21; D003434:Crossing Over, Genetic; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D005220:Fathers; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008540:Meiosis; D009035:Mothers; D009630:Nondisjunction, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid