title: Propofol anaesthesia in paediatric ambulatory patients: a comparison with thiopentone and halothane.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the haemodynamic changes during induction, as well as the speed and quality of recovery when propofol (vs thiopentone and/or halothane) was used for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in paediatric outpatients. One hundred unmedicated children, 3-12-yr-old, scheduled for ambulatory surgery were studied. The most common surgical procedures performed were eye muscle surgery (42%), plastic surgery (21%), dental restoration (15%), and urological procedures (15%). The children were randomized to an anaesthetic regimen for induction/maintenance as follows: propofol/propofol infusion; propofol/halothane; thiopentone/halothane; halothane for both induction and maintenance. Succinylcholine 1.5 mg.kg-1 was used to facilitate tracheal intubation and N2O/O2 were used as the carrier gases in each case. All maintenance drugs were titrated according to the clinical response of the patient to prevent movement and/or maintain BP +/- 20% of baseline. Two patients (4%) who received propofol expressed discomfort during injection. The mean propofol dose required to prevent movement was 267 +/- 83 micrograms.kg-1.min-1. The overall pattern of haemodynamic changes, as well as awakening (extubation) times were not different among the four groups. Children who received propofol recovered faster (22 vs 29-36 min) (P < 0.05), were discharged home sooner (101 vs 127-144 min) (P < 0.05), and had less postoperative vomiting (4 vs 24-48%) (P < 0.05) than all others.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20010.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hannallah
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Britton
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Schafer
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Norden
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006221:Halothane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D010351:Patient Discharge; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013874:Thiopental / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014839:Vomiting / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D013874:Thiopental; D006221:Halothane; D015742:Propofol