title: Glutamate and GABA in retinal circuitry.
abstract: Glutamate and GABA have been identified as the major neurotransmitters in the radial and lateral synaptic pathways, respectively, of the vertebrate retina. Over the past year or so new information has appeared that has significantly increased the knowledge of how these compounds can elicit a range of responses. Key features of this new information are the identification and localization of many receptor subtypes within the retina, the recognition that glutamate can modulate membrane potential through cGMP-gated ion channels, and the finding that GABA can be released through non-vesicular pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Barnstable
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005971:Glutamates / Q000502:physiology*; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000502:physiology*; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology*; D017949:Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / Q000502:physiology; D017948:Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells / Q000502:physiology; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005971:Glutamates; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid