title: Characterization of multiresistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Nicaragua.
abstract: The extensive use of antibiotics in Nicaragua raises concerns about the resulting levels of susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria. This is the first study that characterizes 18 strains of N. gonorrhoeae isolated in Nicaragua (1989), for their antibiotic susceptibility. Strains were predominantly of the auxotype/serotype Proto/PIB. There was no difference in lipopolysaccharides profiles obtained after SDS-PAGE for all strains. Variable expression of the PII outer membrane protein was not associated to antimicrobial resistance. All strains were susceptible to ceftriaxone, spectinomycin, rifampin and cefoxitin. The strains were classified in five groups based on plasmid profiles. A total of 78% of the isolates were penicillinase-producing (PPNG) and 22% were tetracycline-resistant N. gonorrhoeae (TRNG). One PPNG strain showed a concomitant decreased of penicillin binding to penicillin-binding protein 2. These randomly chosen isolates of N. gonorrhoeae from Nicaragua possess high levels of resistance to multiple families of drugs.
authors.affiliation: Département de Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Bergeron
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chamberland
mesh_terms: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D006602:Hexosyltransferases; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D002267:Muramoylpentapeptide Carboxypeptidase / Q000032:analysis; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009527:Nicaragua; D010403:Penicillin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins; D010406:Penicillins / Q000378:metabolism; D010458:Peptidyl Transferases; D011815:R Factors; D013753:Tetracycline Resistance / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins; D010406:Penicillins; D010458:Peptidyl Transferases; D006602:Hexosyltransferases; D002267:Muramoylpentapeptide Carboxypeptidase