title: Speed of onset of sensory block for elective extradural caesarean section: choice of agent and temperature of injectate.
abstract: We have studied the effects of choice of local anaesthetic and temperature of extradural injectate on speed of onset of sensory block for elective extradural Caesarean section in a double-blind trial in 120 women allocated randomly to one of four groups to receive either plain 0.5% bupivacaine or 2% lignocaine with 1:200,000 adrenaline at either room temperature or 38 degrees C. The onset time of lignocaine with adrenaline was shorter than that of bupivacaine regardless of temperature (P < 0.01). Warmed lignocaine produced the most rapid block overall (P < 0.025). The incidence of hypotension, ephedrine requirement, shivering, quality of analgesia and additional analgesic requirements were similar for all groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthetics, Bellshill Maternity Hospital, Lanarkshire.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McGrady
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sugden
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dickson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McLeod
mesh_terms: D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical; D001831:Body Temperature; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002585:Cesarean Section; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008012:Lidocaine; D002045:Bupivacaine; D004837:Epinephrine