title: Localization of neuroendocrine tumours and insulinomas using radiolabelled somatostatin analogues, 123I-Tyr3-octreotide and 111In-pentatreotide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A number of neoplasms are known to express somatostatin receptors; the use of somatostatin receptor imaging in their localization has recently been described, but the resolution and discrimination of the isotopes used remains sub-optimal. We have looked at the use of a new 111In-labelled analogue of somatostatin, pentatreotide, in the visualization and functional characterization of a number of neoplastic conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen patients with proven neoplasms were scanned using this agent. Planar and single-photon-emission computerized tomographic (SPECT) images of the relevant part of the body were obtained using a gamma-camera at 10 minutes and 4 and 21 hours after injection of the radiopharmaceutical. In six patients (three carcinoid, three insulinomas) scanning was also performed using 123I-Tyr-3-octreotide.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Primary tumours or metastases were visualized in six of the seven patients with neuroendocrine tumours, and three of six patients with insulinoma. One patient with an insulinoma who had a positive scan showed absent uptake when rescanned after tumour removal. A rise in blood glucose (more than twice basal) in response to octreotide was seen only in those insulinoma patients with positive scans. In cases where both 111In-pentratreotide and 123I-Tyr-3-octreotide scans were performed, both radiopharmaceuticals identified the same 4/6 tumours; however, tumour definition (reflecting high tumour to background ratio) was better with pentatreotide on the 21-hour images with minimum biliary and gut activity, allowing better resolution of the tumour image.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It appears that 111In-pentatreotide scintigraphy is a rapid and safe procedure for the visualization of neuroendocrine tumours possessing somatostatin binding sites. A positive scan may be predictive of neuroendocrine responsiveness to octreotide therapy. In addition, it also appears that 111In-pentatreotide has superior kinetics compared to 123I-Tyr-3-octreotide, typically achieving more satisfactory tumour to background ratios, and may thus be more useful in the localization of endocrine tumours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomews' Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ur
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bomanji
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Mather
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Britton
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Wass
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Grossman
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Besser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D007340:Insulinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015282:Octreotide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; C045210:3-Tyr-octreotide; C071632:SDZ 215-811; D013004:Somatostatin; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D015282:Octreotide