title: A prediction of an optimal performance of the handspring 1 1/2 front salto longhorse vault.
abstract: The handspring 1 1/2 front salto vault in the tucked position is deemed to be an important high-level vault. It was the compulsory vault of the 1988 Olympics and is a building block for more advanced skills in the handspring family. The purpose of this study was to predict an individual's optimal performance of a handspring 1 1/2 front salto vault. An assessment of the athlete's present performance ability was determined using cinematographical analysis of three trials. These trials were judged as being typical high-level performances of the vault. Secondly, an objective function was identified based on the performance result of points awarded. The objective function was composed of those performance variables that, if maximized, would result in minimal deductions. Postflight height and distance were identified as those variables. Angular momentum was included in a penalty function form to ensure that sufficient angular momentum was present for successful completion of the skill. A Lagrangian approach was used to derive the equations of motion and a Rayleigh-Ritz procedure, using fifth-degree polynomials, was used to represent and discretize the state variables. The predicted optimal performance of the skill displayed greater virtuosity in postflight height, distance and angular momentum when compared to the individual's best trial performance. The results of this study generally fall within the limits observed for elite vaulters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport Studies, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gervais
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005544:Forecasting; D006173:Gymnastics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009038:Motion; D009040:Motion Pictures; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D012399:Rotation; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013997:Time Factors