title: Attention and performance in miniature golf across the life span.
abstract: Highly skilled adolescent (15-19 years), young (25-35 years), middle-aged (50-57 years), and older (58-73 years) miniature golf players were examined in training and competitive conditions. Number of shots, heart rate, ratings of anxiety, and concentration time were registered. IN addition, two attentional subscales from the Test of Attentional and Interpersonal Style (TAIS) inventory (Nideffer, 1976) were administered. Results indicated (a) parallel increases of heart rate and rated anxiety in competition for all age groups, (b) improvement of motor performance in competition for adolescent and young-adult players, and deterioration of motor performance in competition for middle-aged and older players, and (c) increased concentration time for the two younger samples, and decreased concentration time for the two older samples in competition. As well, the TAIS data indicated greater self-perceived external and internal distractability in the two older, compared to the two younger samples. This age-related vulnerability to distractions was shown to partly mediate age differences in competitive motor performance. The overall pattern of outcome is discussed relative to the view that the adult aging process is associated with a deficit in the ability to handle situations of high arousal due to age-related deficits in a variety of basic cognitive capacities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Molander
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bäckman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D001007:Anxiety; D001288:Attention; D005260:Female; D006055:Golf; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011597:Psychomotor Performance