title: Nicardipine in heart failure: distinguishing its acute beneficial from its chronic effects.
abstract: Concern over negative inotropic effects has limited the use of calcium blockers in patients with congestive heart failure. Nicardipine, a second generation dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, has demonstrated positive hemodynamic effects in short-term therapy in patients with congestive heart failure. Prolonged use of calcium channel blockers remains contraindicated in patients with congestive heart failure due to the potential for activation of the renin-angiotensin system. However, acute intravenous nicardipine administration has important clinical applications (as in the management of surgical hypertension or hypertensive emergencies). Nicardipine may be safely used for these indications even in the presence of congestive heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sy
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vitarelli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gheorghiade
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004280:Dobutamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004298:Dopamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D009529:Nicardipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004280:Dobutamine; D009529:Nicardipine; D004298:Dopamine