Histologic changes in dental morphology induced by high dose chemotherapy and total body irradiation.
Disturbances in dental development were studied with the use of radiography and histology in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who was treated with induction chemotherapy at 2.3 years of age and bone marrow transplantation at 4.3 years of age. The follow-up 9.5 years after bone marrow transplantation showed evidence of short tapered roots, enamel hypoplasia, microdontia, and aplasia. A histologic examination of two extracted permanent teeth showed that the crown of the maxillary lateral incisor exhibited numerous incremental lines that corresponded closely to the treatment periods with cytotoxic drugs. The maxillary second premolar exhibited regularly spaced incremental lines in the enamel and dentine. A gross hypoplasia was seen in the cervical part of the crown corresponding to the time of administration of 10 Gy total body irradiation. The results indicate that chemotherapy mainly induces qualitative disturbances in dentine and enamel, whereas total body irradiation induces both qualitative and quantitative changes.
Dahllöf
G
G
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden.
Rozell
B
B
Forsberg
C M
CM
Borgström
B
B
D000016:Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced; D000566:Amelogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001215:Asparaginase / Q000009:adverse effects; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000009:adverse effects; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D003744:Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / Q000209:etiology; D003810:Dentinogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D008445:Maxillofacial Development / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D015122:Mercaptopurine / Q000009:adverse effects; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000009:adverse effects; D009805:Odontogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000628:therapy; D012074:Remission Induction; D014078:Tooth Eruption / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects; D014750:Vincristine / Q000009:adverse effects; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation / Q000009:adverse effects*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D003561:Cytarabine; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D015122:Mercaptopurine; D001215:Asparaginase; D008727:Methotrexate