title: Determination of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)-butyric acid in tobacco, tobacco smoke and the urine of rats and smokers.
abstract: The potential endogenous nitrosation of nicotine and/or nicotine metabolites has led to speculation on the possible formation of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)butyric acid (iso-NNAC) in smokers. A gas chromatographic method with thermal energy analytical detection is described for the determination of iso-NNAC in tobacco, tobacco smoke and urine. Sample pre-concentration is performed using C18 extraction cartridges prior to esterification of iso-NNAC using ethereal diazomethane solution. Sample clean-up includes chromatography on aluminum and silica, and fractionation using high-performance liquid chromatography. The detection limits for iso-NNAC in tobacco, tobacco smoke and urine are 2 ng/g tobacco, 0.1 ng/cigarette and 20 ng/l urine, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Okolab, Gesellschaft für Umweltanalytik, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pachinger
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Begutter
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ultsch
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Klus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000032:analysis*; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D051381:Rats; D012016:Reference Values; D012906:Smoke / Q000032:analysis*; D012907:Smoking / Q000652:urine*; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D009602:Nitrosamines; D012906:Smoke; C060946:4-(methylnitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)butyric acid