Characterization of peptides in sea anemone venom collected by a novel procedure.
Peptide neurotoxins were isolated from the venom obtained by electrical stimulation of the sea anemone Bunodosoma caissarum. This technique allows almost pure venom to be collected, and the animals to survive. Three neurotoxins (assayed on crustacean nerves) were isolated by gel filtration and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Hemolysins were also detected in the venom. The amino acid sequence of a major neurotoxin BcIII was determined. BcIII has 48 amino acid residues with six half-cystine residues. This sequence has homology with the type 1 long sea anemone neurotoxins. Two minor toxins (BcI and II) have similar amino acid composition and amino-terminal sequences to BcIII.
Malpezzi
E L
EL
Department of General Physiology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
de Freitas
J C
JC
Muramoto
K
K
Kamiya
H
H
D000200:Action Potentials; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003386:Brachyura; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003064:Cnidarian Venoms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000633:toxicity; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000187:drug effects; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000633:toxicity; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000633:toxicity; D012615:Sea Anemones / Q000737:chemistry*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
D003064:Cnidarian Venoms; D009498:Neurotoxins; D010455:Peptides; C083402:anemone toxin BcIII (Bunodosoma caissarum)