title: Comparison of the clinical efficacy of three perivascular techniques for axillary brachial plexus block.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compared the efficacy of three perivascular techniques of axillary block.
  
  
  METHODS
  In group 1, all of the local anesthetic was injected after advancing the needle through the axillary artery (back of artery, n = 20); in group 2, after withdrawing slightly from the artery (front of artery, n = 20); and in group 3, half of the anesthetic was injected after advancing through and half after withdrawing from the axillary artery (half and half, n = 20). The local anesthetic used for the axillary block was 50 ml of 1.5% mepivacaine with epinephrine 1:200,000.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The groups did not differ significantly in the incidence of analgesia or anesthesia expected in the median nerve distribution, where there was a significantly lower incidence of anesthesia in the back of the artery group. This group also had a slower onset of anesthesia for the median and the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerves.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no significant difference in the number of patients requiring supplementation, with five patients in the back group (25%), three patients in the front group (15%), and one patient in the half and half group (5%) requiring supplementation for the surgical procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hickey
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Tingle
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramamurthy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001366:Axillary Artery; D001917:Brachial Plexus; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008619:Mepivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D008619:Mepivacaine