title: Effect of consumption of whole milk and skim milk on blood lipid profiles in healthy men.
abstract: A controlled crossover feeding study was conducted in eight males aged 20-36 y to compare the effects of skim milk and whole milk on blood lipids. For 6-wk diet periods, 236 mL/4191 kJ of skim or whole milk was consumed with a background diet designed according to the American Heart Association recommendations. Plasma lipids were analyzed at baseline and at 3 and 6 wk. After 6 wk, the mean total cholesterol concentration was 4.47 mmol/L with skim milk and 4.80 mmol/L with whole milk (P < or = 0.001); mean low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations were 2.64 and 2.96 mmol/L, respectively (P < or = 0.001). Mean apolipoprotein B decreased with skim milk and increased with whole milk (P < or = 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed for plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglyceride, apolipoprotein A-I, or fatty acids. Substitution of skim milk for whole milk may decrease the risk of coronary heart disease.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Steinmetz
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Childs
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stimson
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Kushi
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: McGovern
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D002149:Energy Intake; D005511:Food Handling; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk; D012016:Reference Values; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol