title: Genetically modified animals and immunodeficiency.
abstract: Mouse strains with defined genetic defects engineered by the method of targeted gene disruption and homologous recombination have furthered our understanding of immune functions at the single gene level. More importantly, these mutant 'gene knockout' mice are powerful in vivo tools to dissect the complex mechanisms of lymphocyte development and function, complementing our broadening knowledge of congenital and acquired human immunodeficiencies.
authors.affiliation: University of Toronto, Ontario Cancer Institute, Canada.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Penninger
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Mak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D004254:DNA Nucleotidyltransferases; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000276:immunology; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D019426:Integrases; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology; D045522:Recombinases; D015398:Signal Transduction; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D045522:Recombinases; D004254:DNA Nucleotidyltransferases; D019426:Integrases; C115006:integron integrase IntI1