title: State changes in brain activity shown by the uptake of 99mTc-exametazime with single photon emission tomography in major depression before and after treatment.
abstract: Twenty-eight patients with a major depressive episode previously investigated at rest using Single Photon Emission Tomography (SPET or SPECT) with 99mTc-exametazime, were followed up at an interval of 9-28 months with the same investigation after full recovery. All patients were unipolar and were rated on the Newcastle scale and with the 17-item Hamilton scale. The uptake of 99mTc-Exametazime was expressed relative to calcarine/occipital cortex. Sixteen patients were scanned when optimally matched for drug treatment (4) or on both occasions drug free (12). The other 12 patients were fully recovered but could not be matched for drug status; these patients showed significantly more retardation, diurnal mood variation and guilt at presentation. Significant bilateral increases in tracer uptake were confined to basal ganglia and inferior anterior cingulate cortex in the matched group, where there were additional increases in thalamus and posterior cingulate cortex on the right side. There were no statistically discernible changes in the neocortex in the matched sample. The unmatched sample yielded inconclusive evidence of increased tracer uptake in left temporal cortex. The findings give a potential focus to the neuropharmacological analysis of depressive illness because the topography of the state change in brain function implicates dopamine function.
authors.affiliation: MRC Brain Metabolism Unit, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Morningside Park, UK.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Goodwin
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Austin
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dougall
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: O'Carroll
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moffoot
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Prentice
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Ebmeier
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D010091:Oximes; D010555:Personality Inventory; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D010091:Oximes; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime; D004298:Dopamine