title: Fractal analysis of pulmonary arteries: the fractal dimension is lower in pulmonary hypertension.
abstract: We analyzed the spatial structure of contact radiographs of barium-filled pulmonary arteries of rats raised in room air and in two environments that induce pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)--hypoxia and hyperoxia. We found that the spatial structure of the pulmonary arteries was fractal in both the control and the hypertensive lungs. The fractal dimension of the pulmonary arteries of the control lungs was 1.62 +/- 0.01 (mean +/- SEM), which is greater than that of both the hypoxic lungs 1.50 +/- 0.03 (p < 0.01) and the hyperoxic lungs 1.44 +/- 0.01 (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the hypoxic and hyperoxic lungs. The fractal dimension may be a useful clinical index to quantify pathologic changes in the pulmonary arterial tree.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Boxt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Liebovitch
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Esser
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Reid
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017709:Fractals; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000502:physiology; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011859:Radiography; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen