[Peroral preparations of cephalosporin antibiotics].
Three successful generations of cephalosporin antibiotics can be divided into parenteral and peroral substances. Both have similar antibacterial and hence therapeutical properties. It is usual to include into the first generation of peroral cephalosporins the so-called phenylglycine, or hydroxyphenylglycine derivatives. The carbacephem variant of Cefaclor (Panoral Lilly), Loracarbef, however, has improved properties and although it is a phenylglycine drug, it could be classified as a second generation cephalosporin. Here we include also the so-called ester-prodrugs: 2nd generation parenteral cephalosporins esterified in the position of C4 (cefuroxime-axetil, Zinnat, cefpodoxime-proxetil, Oralox, etc.). They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, not hydrolysed by resistant bacteria, and, hence, they are effective also against cephalosporin-(1. generation) resistant strains. New structures of cephalosporins, e.g. cefixime and ceftibuten (Cedax) could be classified as cephs of the 3rd generation. They, are stable even against destruction by strains resistant to Cefotaxime or Ceftazidime, and, thus, effective against such bacteria, whose number is expected to increase in the near future. It is concluded that the possibility to administer cephalosporins having different properties, spectrum and stability by both parenteral and peroral way is highly welcomed mainly in pediatric practice and that there are several new and promising drugs in this still developing group of antibacterials.
Babálová
M
M
Ustav preventívnej a klinickej medicíny, Bratislava.
Blahová
J
J
Hupková
M
M
Krcméry
V
V
D000284:Administration, Oral; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans
D002511:Cephalosporins
Perorálne preparáty cefalosporínových antibiotík.