Polymorphism of the mouse TNF-alpha locus: sequence studies of the 3'-untranslated region and first intron.
We have sequenced the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) and first intron of six strains of Mus musculus, as well as M. spretus, M. castaneus, and M. shanghai. A marked degree of polymorphism was evident in the sequences, and among all of the strains, no two haplotypes were identical. Of particular note, insertional mutations modifying the 5'-TTATTTAT sequence in the 3'-UTR, which in its RNA form acts as a translational repressor, were observed in New Zealand White and M. spretus strains. The mutations that we have identified dictate several restriction-fragment length polymorphisms, which should be useful in following the tumor necrosis factor-encoding gene (TNF) in backcross analysis and in defining the ancestry of TNF in mice of indeterminate parentage. Moreover, the data provide a substrate for the future analysis of differences in the level of TNF expression by genetically distinct mice.
Beutler
B
B
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9050.
Brown
T
T
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000502:physiology; D006239:Haplotypes; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice / Q000235:genetics*; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011061:Poly A / Q000235:genetics; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D013045:Species Specificity; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D011061:Poly A