title: Dietary habits and serum lipids of a group of German amateur body-builders.
abstract: Dietary intake, nutrient supplementation, and serum lipids were investigated in 13 German male amateur body-builders during a non-competitive period. Dietary information was collected with weighted food records during 14 consecutive days. Daily energy intake was 17.1 +/- 3 MJ including 22 +/- 5% protein, 26 +/- 6% fat, and 49 +/- 4% carbohydrates. "Breads and cereals" and "milk and dairy products" revealed to be the most important food groups. Protein supplements contributed 13% of total protein intake. With food alone the average supply of the vitamins A, D, E and B1 was < 3/4 of the recommended amounts (DGE). Due to the high consumption of supplement preparations, total daily intake of most of the selected minerals and vitamins--particularly of vitamins of the B-group--increased far above recommended dietary intake. Mean fasting serum triglyceride, phospholipid and total cholesterol concentrations were in a normal range, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were reduced. The serum cholesterol ester fatty acids analysis confirmed a rather low intake of essential fatty acids (linoleic acid) found by dietary assessment. In conclusion, with a few corrections in food selection patterns of the body-builders, a well balanced diet would be achieved and the use of nutrient supplementation products would become totally superfluous.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutrition Science, Technical University of Munich, FRG.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Linseisen
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Metges
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wolfram
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood; D012016:Reference Values; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014891:Weight Lifting
chemical_list: D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids; D010743:Phospholipids; D014280:Triglycerides