title: The biologic importance of conserved major histocompatibility complex class II motifs in primates.
abstract: Phylogenetic comparisons of polymorphic second-exon sequences of MHC class II DRB genes showed that equivalents of the HLA-DRB1*03 alleles are present in various nonhuman primate species such as chimpanzees, gorillas, and rhesus macaques. These alleles must root from ancestral structure(s) that were once present in a progenitor species that lived about 35 million years ago. Due to accumulation of genetic variation, however, sequences that cluster into a lineage are generally unique to a species. To investigate the biologic importance of such conservation and variation, the peptide-binding capacity of various Mhc-DRB1*03 lineage members was studied. Primate Mhc-DRB1*03 lineage members successfully binding the p3-13 peptide of the 65-kD heat-shock protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis/leprae share a motif that maps to the floor of the peptide-binding site. Apart from that, some rhesus macaque MHC class-II-positive cells were able to present the p3-13 peptide to HLA-DR17-restricted T cells whereas cells obtained from great ape species failed to do so. Therefore, these studies open ways to understand which MHC polymorphisms have been maintained in evolution and which MHC residues are essential for peptide binding and T-cell recognition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunohematology, Leiden University Hospital, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Elferink
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geluk
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Otting
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Slierendregt
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: van Meijgaarden
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Ottenhoff
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Bontrop
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000737:chemistry; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011323:Primates; D011485:Protein Binding; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II