title: Enhancing effect of natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF/interleukin-12) on cell-mediated cytotoxicity against tumor-derived and virus-infected cells.
abstract: Natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF) or interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a heterodimeric cytokine with pleiomorphic effects on T and NK cells, including induction of lymphokine production, mitogenesis, and enhancement of spontaneous cytotoxic activity. Similarly to IL-2, NKSF/IL-12 enhances NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity within a few hours and independently from induced proliferation. This effect is independent from other induced cytokines, because it is not prevented by antibodies neutralizing interferon (IFN)-alpha, IFN-beta, IFN-gamma, IL-2 or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and, unlike the induction of IFN-gamma production by peripheral blood lymphocytes, it does not require HLA class II-positive accessory cells. Enhanced cytotoxicity is accompanied by morphologic changes in NK cells, including a significant increase in the number of cytoplasmic granules. In addition to the previously described ability to enhance the cytotoxic activity of NK cells against tumor-derived target cells, NKSF/IL-12 is also a potent stimulator of cytotoxicity against virus-infected cells, either fibroblasts acutely infected with herpes viruses or T cell lines chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1. NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cytotoxicity or anti-CD16 antibody-redirected lysis is not significantly enhanced by NKSF/IL-12. However, the ability of resting peripheral blood T cells to mediate anti-CD3 antibody-redirected lysis is enhanced by 18-h incubation with NKSF/IL-12, indicating that this lymphokine can modulate the cytotoxic capability of both NK and T cells.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chehimi
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Valiante
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Andrea
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rengaraju
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rosado
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Perussia
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Starr
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Trinchieri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006224:Cricetinae; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007378:Interleukins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000502:physiology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014780:Viruses / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D006133:Growth Substances; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D007378:Interleukins; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D018664:Interleukin-12