title: Expression and characterization of biologically active human extracellular superoxide dismutase in milk of transgenic mice.
abstract: We have targeted the expression of recombinant human extracellular superoxide dismutase, a glycosylated tetrameric metalloprotein, to the mammary gland of transgenic mice. This was achieved by using regulatory elements from either the murine whey acidic protein gene or the ovine beta-lactoglobulin gene to control expression of human extracellular superoxide dismutase cDNA. Whey acidic protein regulatory sequences directed high level mammary gland-specific expression of the recombinant gene and secretion of biologically active extracellular superoxide dismutase into the milk. The produced recombinant protein was fully active, it was in tetrameric form, it showed heparin affinity, and its mass was similar to that of the native enzyme. In addition, the in vivo plasma clearance in a rabbit model was similar to the previously studied native and recombinant forms. To our knowledge, this is the first example of efficient production of a tetrameric, protease-susceptible metalloprotein in milk of transgenic animals. Production at equivalent levels in transgenic farm animals would yield sufficient extracellular superoxide dismutase for therapeutic purposes.
authors.affiliation: Symbicom AB, Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hansson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Edlund
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Edlund
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Marklund
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fromm
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strömqvist
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Törnell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D007774:Lactation; D007782:Lactoglobulins / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008892:Milk / Q000201:enzymology*; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011555:Pseudopregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012756:Sheep; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D007782:Lactoglobulins; D008894:Milk Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C024471:whey acidic proteins; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase