title: Non-thermal effect of ceramics radiation on folate structure and on xanthine oxidase inhibition by folate.
abstract: Folic acid was irradiated under cooling at 10 degrees C in a slightly alkaline solution with a ceramics radiator (surface temperature: 68 degrees C). The difference spectra of the folate against the non-irradiated one showed a red shift. The difference absorbance of the peak at the wavelength above 320 nm increased with the radiation time. Affinity of the irradiated folate (FA(+)), which is a competitive inhibitor, to the irradiated xanthine oxidase (XO(+)) more increased than the irradiated substrate with increasing temperature of the reaction, while the affinity to the non-irradiated enzyme (XO(-)) significantly decreased. The difference of the standard entropy change in the FA(+)/XO(-) system to that in the non-irradiated FA(-)/XO(-) system, i.e., delta (delta Ss) gave a large negative value, while delta (delta Ss) of the FA(-)/XO(+) system gave a large positive value. An increase in the delta (delta Ss) of the FA(+)/XO(+) system overcame an increase in the enthalpy difference delta (delta Hs) of the system, and then the free-energy difference delta (delta Gs) resulted in the most negative value. This means that the driving force by the reaction system depends on an entropy effect. These results indicate that the red shift of the spectra of FA(+) is due to a solvent ordering effect obtained by the radiation, and that the affinity of the FA(+) to the active center of XO(+) increases when XO has also received the ordering effect.
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akao
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D002516:Ceramics; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D007259:Infrared Rays; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D005492:Folic Acid; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase