title: Reduced expression of nm23-H1, but not of nm23-H2, is concordant with the frequency of lymph-node metastasis of human breast cancer.
abstract: The nm23 gene is a potential metastasis-suppressor gene originally identified in a murine melanoma line. Several investigators have reported the probable inverse association of nm23 expression with disease prognosis and/or metastasis. Since there are now 2 known isotypes of human nm23, namely nm23-HI and -H2, we immunohistochemically examined expression of these isotypes in human breast-cancer tissues using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for each isotype protein. We also analyzed expression of c-erbB-2 in the same collection of cancer tissues, in order to examine the significance of nm23 expression in comparison with c-erbB-2 expression. Of 130 tumors from breast-cancer patients, 73 (56%) and 69 (53%) positively expressed nm23-HI and -H2 respectively. Expression of c-erbB-2 was positive in 36 (28%). Expression of nm23-HI, but not nm23-H2, was inversely associated with lymph-node metastasis (p < 0.01). Expression of c-erbB-2 was associated with Tnm stage, tumor size and lymph-node metastasis (p < 0.01, p < 0.05 and p < 0.05 respectively). Overall survival was better (p = 0.014) in patients in whom expression of nm23-HI was positive than in those in whom it was negative. In multivariate analyses using a Cox's proportional-hazards regression model with 9 variables, nm23-HI showed the fourth greatest contribution to patient survival following lymph-node metastasis, Tnm stage and menopausal status. No significant contribution was shown for c-erbB-2 expression. nm23-HI, but not nm23-H2, may perform a role in disease prognosis in addition to its participation in cancer metastasis. It may have value for predicting long-term survival of human breast-cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanematsu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiku
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001483:Base Sequence; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D014157:Transcription Factors; C517938:NME1 protein, human