Effectiveness of health checks conducted by nurses in primary care: results of the OXCHECK study after one year. Imperial Cancer Research Fund OXCHECK Study Group.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effectiveness of health checks by nurses in reducing risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients from general practice.


METHODS
Randomised controlled trial.


METHODS
Five urban general practices in Bedfordshire.


METHODS
2136 patients receiving an initial health check in 1989-91 and scheduled to be re-examined one year later in 1990-2 (intervention group); 3988 patients receiving an initial health check in 1990-2 (control group). All patients were aged 35-64 years at recruitment in 1989.


METHODS
Serum total cholesterol concentration, blood pressure, body mass index, confirmed smoking cessation.


RESULTS
Mean serum total cholesterol was 2.3% lower in the intervention group than in the controls (difference 0.14 mmol/l (95% confidence interval 0.08 to 0.20)); the difference was greater in women (3.2%, P < 0.0001) than men (1.0%, P = 0.18). There was no significant difference in smoking prevalence, quit rates, or body mass index. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 2.5% and 2.4% lower respectively in the intervention group. The proportion of patients with diastolic blood pressure > or = 100 mm Hg was 2.6% (55/2131) in the intervention group and 3.4% (137/3987) in the controls (difference 0.9% (0.0 to 1.7)); the proportion with total cholesterol concentration > or = 8 mmol/l 4.8% (100/2068) and 7.6% (295/3905) (difference 2.7% (1.5 to 4.0)); and that with body mass index > or = 30 12.4% (264/2125) and 14.0% (559/3984) (difference 1.6% (-0.2 to 3.4)).


CONCLUSIONS
General health checks by nurses are ineffective in helping smokers to stop smoking, but they help patients to modify their diet and total cholesterol concentration. The public health importance of this dietary change depends on whether it is sustained.
D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004739:England; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009739:Nursing Services; D010808:Physical Examination; D011314:Preventive Health Services; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D014504:Urban Health
D004041:Dietary Fats; D002784:Cholesterol