title: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a new transdermal clonidine, M-5041T, in healthy subjects.
abstract: The pharmacokinetic as well as the pharmacodynamic properties of a new transdermal clonidine, M-5041T (M), and its safety were evaluated after single and repeated applications. In the single-application study, one patch of M (4 mg-->6 mg-->8 mg) was applied for 3 days in eight healthy subjects. In the repeated-application study, first (0-72 hours), second (72-144 hours), and third (144-216 hours) patches of M 6 mg were applied in seven healthy subjects. In the single-application study, plasma clonidine concentration increased in a dose-dependent manner after application of M. Maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) increased in a dose-dependent manner, but the difference did not reach significance. Time to maximum concentration, elimination half-life, and total and renal clearance did not differ significantly among three trials. Blood pressure (BP) decreased gradually after application of each dose of M. The BP-lowering effect of M 8 mg was greater than that of M 4 mg and 6 mg. Adverse effects such as erythema and drowsiness were reported in some subjects. No subject had to be withdrawn from the study because of the appearance of adverse effects. In the repeated-application study, plasma concentration of clonidine increased up to 48 hours after application of first patch, and thereafter remained within a relatively narrow range until removal of third patch. The Cmax and AUC did not differ significantly among three trials. Blood pressure during an active period decreased significantly during treatment with M, whereas BP at midnight did not change significantly.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fujimura
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ebihara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiga
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kotegawa
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006207:Half-Life; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011674:Pulse / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D003000:Clonidine