title: Protection of mitochondrial and heart function by amino acids after ischemia and cardioplegia.
abstract: The effects of amino acids in protecting against ischemic/reperfusion injury were tested in two experimental models: the isolated perfused rat heart subjected to 21 min of zero flow ischemia (37 degrees) followed by 40 min of reperfusion and the isolated perfused rabbit heart subjected to 300 min of cardioplegic arrest (29 degrees) followed by 60 min of reperfusion. In both cases, the addition of amino acids to the perfusion medium significantly improved the recovery of cardiac contractile function. The protective effects of amino acids were associated with a preservation of mitochondrial respiratory activity. These findings suggest that amino acids by replenishing mitochondrial matrix levels of critical TCA cycle substrates, such as malate, stimulate mitochondrial respiration and thereby enhance the recovery of heart function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Shug
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dobbie
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Paulson
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D004573:Electrolytes; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D057947:Parenteral Nutrition Solutions; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D004573:Electrolytes; D057947:Parenteral Nutrition Solutions; D012996:Solutions; C545824:amino-acid, glucose, and electrolyte solution; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005947:Glucose