title: Cultivar-specific elicitation of barley defense reactions by the phytotoxic peptide NIP1 from Rhynchosporium secalis.
abstract: Resistance of barley to the phytopathogenic fungus, Rhynhosporium secalis race US238.1, was found to be controlled by resistance gene Rrs1, which segregated in a manner characteristics for a codominant gene. PRHv-1, a thaumatin-like pathogenesis-related protein, was shown to be encoded by a gene family on chromosome 1. As part of the barley defense response, significant accumulation of PRHv-1 and peroxidase transcripts was induced early during pathogenesis in two Rrs1 cultivars but not or to a lower level in a near-isogenic, susceptible rrs1 cultivar or a cultivar lacking known resistance genes. R. secalis secretes a small group of necrosis-inducing peptides. One of these, NIP1, which was detected in culture filtrates only of fungal race US238.1, was found to elicit the accumulation of PRHv-1 and peroxidase mRNAs in Rrs1 cultivars with a time course similar to that upon fungal infection. Therefore, NIP1 is a candidate for the product of fungal avirulence gene avrRrs1, which, together with barley resistance gene Rrs1, determines incompatibility of the interaction.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung, Department of Biochemistry, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jüngling
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Knogge
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D039621:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D001467:Hordeum / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D003904:Mitosporic Fungi / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D039621:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3; D005656:Fungal Proteins; C077915:NIP1 protein, S cerevisiae; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C086142:PRHv-1 protein, Hordeum vulgare; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C053376:pathogenesis-related proteins, plant; D009195:Peroxidase