title: Properties of memory-guided saccades toward targets flashed during smooth pursuit in human subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study in human subjects investigated whether or not the saccade system can monitor smooth changes of the eye position in total darkness.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors studied the properties of memory-guided saccades toward targets flashed during pursuit eye movements (target velocities of 15 degrees/s, 30 degrees/s, and 45 degrees/s) in four normal human subjects. Subjects were instructed to execute memory-guided saccades toward the position of the flashed target in total darkness when the pursuit target was extinguished.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The vector of the saccade was more highly correlated with the vector of "spatial error" (the vector from the position of the eye at the time of the saccade to the position of the flashed target in space) than with the vector of "retinal error" (the vector from the position of the eye at the time of the presentation of the flashed target to the position of the flashed target). The amplitude and direction errors of memory-guided saccades were correlated with the amplitude of the retinal error but not with amplitude of eye deviation after the presentation of the flashed target. Pursuit velocity did not affect the error of the saccade.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the saccade system can monitor smooth changes of the eye position in total darkness, regardless of the velocity of pursuit, and that the accuracy of memory-guided saccades is dependent only on the amplitude of the retinal error.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohtsuka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003623:Dark Adaptation; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology; D005556:Form Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D011698:Pursuit, Smooth / Q000502:physiology*; D012438:Saccades / Q000502:physiology*