title: [Frictional forces and movement dynamics in the mesialization of the second molar after the extraction of the sixth-year molar. An in-vitro study].
abstract: In this study the frictional forces and dynamics of arch guided molar mesialization were investigated. The influence of two different slot/arch combinations (.018" slot/.016" x .022" arch and .022" slot/.019" x .025" arch) as well as partial fortification of an .016" x .022" wire and the reduction of interbracket distance were studied. In guiding the arch wire, a convertible bracket was tested in tube and in bracket configurations. The tipping movement could be compensated by adding an uprighting spring. The orthodontic measurement and simulation system (OMSS) was employed to determine frictional loss in forces and to analyze side effects. Results showed that frictional forces were almost independent from the wire stiffness, whereas a reduced cross section resulted in distinct side effects. These effects can be countered either by employing a correctly dimensioned uprighting spring or by increasing the wire stiffness. The .019" x .025" wire in a .022" slot proved to be the optimum combination for molar mesialization.
authors.affiliation: Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bourauel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Drescher
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D017276:Friction; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008334:Mandible; D008644:Mesial Movement of Teeth / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D003765:Models, Dental; D008963:Molar / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods
vernacular_title: Friktionsverhalten und Bewegungsdynamik bei Mesialisierung des zweiten Molaren nach Sechserextraktion. Eine In-vitro-Studie.