title: Early recognition of autism. Parental reports vs clinical observation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine which behavioral characteristics of autism are apparent in early childhood and to examine the relative contributions of clinical observation and parental reports to early identification of autism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blinded comparison of behavioral data obtained through parental reports and clinical observation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Child development referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six children (23 boys and three girls) younger than age 48 months with a clinical diagnosis of autism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Social interaction, communication, and activities and interests were evaluated using standard diagnostic criteria for autism. Results suggested that deficits in the areas of social interaction, imitation, play, and nonverbal communication are more prominent than insistence on sameness and routines in young children with autism. Also, parental reports and clinical observation appear to detect different aspects of abnormal behavior patterns in this sample.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Improved awareness of the early signs of autism should help physicians recognize this disorder in a timely manner. Further research may identify how observation of play and parental reports might be incorporated efficiently into a physician's repertoire of developmental and behavioral screening tools.
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn.
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: O Y
authors.initials: OY
authors.lastname: Ousley
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007100:Imitative Behavior; D007223:Infant; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D009633:Nonverbal Communication; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D010988:Play and Playthings; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales