title: Vaginal lactobacillosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to study a cyclic condition characterized by vaginal discharge and discomfort occurring 7 to 10 days before menses and associated with the occurrence of long serpiginous rodlike organisms, visible in wet mount preparations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-seven patients and 30 controls were studied prospectively. The vaginal flora was analyzed, including isolation of anaerobic bacteria and fungi. Species of lactobacilli isolated from some of the women were identified and the antibiotic susceptibility was determined. Recent episodes of vaginitis and therapy were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-two percent of the patients had a history of recent episodes of vaginosis lasting for an average of 22.2 months, and 57% had received triazole or imidazole antifungal therapy. Anaerobic lactobacilli were isolated from 97% of the vaginosis patients and from 40% of the controls. The average length of the organism seen was 60 microns in the patients and 10 microns in the comparison group. Amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium proved to be an effective therapy symptomatically and resulted in disappearance of the extremely long organisms in vaginal smears.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lactobacilli vaginosis is associated with extremely long lactobacilli. The cause of this morphologic transformation is unknown. The condition can be effectively treated with antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Hartford, CT.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Horowitz
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Mårdh
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Rank
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019818:Clavulanic Acid; D002969:Clavulanic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology*; D016585:Vaginosis, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002969:Clavulanic Acids; D019818:Clavulanic Acid; D000658:Amoxicillin