[Diagnosis and treatment of acute undifferentiated leukemia and AML-MO].
To characterize AML-MO (MO) and acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL) clinically, questionnaires were sent to nationwide hematology departments in May and August 1993. From 65 institutions, 71 MO cases (2.2% of acute leukemias, 3% of AML) and 19 AUL cases (0.4% of acute leukemias) were registered. Median age was 55 (15-81) years for MO and 38.5 (15-71) years for AUL, and the M/F sex ratio was 44:27 for MO and 19:2 for AUL. Of 48 cases examined for chromosome analysis, 24 (50%) were abnormal karyotypes. Of 15 cases examined for electron microscopic myeloperoxidase (MPO), 10 (67%) were positive, and of 9 cases examined for cytoplasmic antigen by anti-MPO antibody, 7 (78%), were positive. Examination of TdT, surface antigen of CD7 and CD34 were performed in 22, 61 and 43 cases and each positivity was 59, 51 and 86%, respectively. 3 of 18 cases showed rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene and 2 of 13 cases showed rearrangement of T cell receptor beta gene. With the first-line induction chemotherapy, complete remission (CR) was obtained in 34 of 67 MO cases and in 7 of 18 AUL cases. Median CR duration and median survival for MO cases were 361 and 387 days and those for AUL were 541 and 578 days, respectively. The remission rates were 61% for 54 cases treated with AML chemotherapy regimens and 38% for 13 cases treated with ALL chemotherapy regimens. 9 cases of MO and AUL who received bone marrow transplantation (BMT) had excellently good prognosis compared with non-BMT group.
Tsunoda
S
S
Division of Hematology, Tochigi Cancer Center.
Yoshida
M
M
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012074:Remission Induction