title: A case-management system for coronary risk factor modification after acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of a physician-directed, nurse-managed, home-based case-management system for coronary risk factor modification.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized clinical trial in which patients received a special intervention (n = 293) or usual medical care (n = 292) during the first year after acute myocardial infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  5 Kaiser Permanente Medical Centers in the San Francisco Bay area.
  
  
  METHODS
  585 men and women aged 70 years or younger who were hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the hospital, specially trained nurses initiated interventions for smoking cessation, exercise training, and diet-drug therapy for hyperlipidemia. Intervention after discharge was implemented primarily by telephone and mail contact with patients in their homes. All medically eligible patients received exercise training; all smokers received the smoking cessation intervention; and all patients received dietary counseling and, if needed, lipid-lowering drug therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Smoking prevalence and plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) concentrations were measured 2 months after infarction, and functional capacity was measured 6 months after infarction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the special intervention and usual care groups, the cotinine-confirmed smoking cessation rates were 70% and 53% (P = 0.03), plasma LDL cholesterol levels were 2.77 +/- 0.69 mmol/L and 3.41 +/- 0.90 mmol/L (107 +/- 30 mg/dL and 132 +/- 30 mg/dL) (P = 0.001), and functional capacities were 9.3 +/- 2.4 METS and 8.4 +/- 2.5 METS (P = 0.001), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a large health maintenance organization, a case-management system was considerably more effective than usual medical care for modification of coronary risk factors after myocardial infarction.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: DeBusk
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Superko
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Dennis
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Lew
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rompf
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gee
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bandura
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ghandour
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D003376:Counseling; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008329:Managed Care Programs; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D010348:Patient Care Team; D012307:Risk Factors; D012495:San Francisco; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL