A comparison of the effects of nifedipine and verapamil on exercise performance in patients with mild to moderate hypertension.
Twenty-four patients completed a double-blind, randomized clinical trial comparing the effects of nifedipine GITS (N) and verapamil SR (V) on blood pressure (BP) control and exercise performance. After a 2-week placebo phase, all subjects had measurements of VO2max, maximal workload, and endurance time. They were then randomized to either N (30 to 90 mg/day) or V (240 to 480 mg/day) and retested when BPs had stabilized. At rest, N lowered systolic (S) BP by 12 mm Hg (P = .02 compared to baseline) and diastolic (D) BP by 11 mm Hg (P = .001). V lowered SBP by 8 mm Hg (P = .013) and DBP by 11 mm Hg (P = .002). Neither drug affected resting heart rate. V significantly decreased resting epinephrine (P = .05) and there was a tendency for V to reduce norepinephrine (P = .07) and dopamine (P = .08). N tended to increase plasma renin activity (P = .07). During graded cycle ergometry N, compared with placebo, significantly lowered DBP at all exercise levels (P = .011), but had no significant effect on heart rate (HR), SBP, or heart rate pressure product (HRPP). Pulse pressure (PP) was significantly increased (P = .045), which was most noticeable at high exercise levels. Compared with placebo, V caused a marked reduction of exercise HR (P < .001), which was more pronounced at high levels, SBP (P = .004), DBP (P = .004), mean arterial pressure (MAP) (P = .001), and HRPP (P < .001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Halperin
A K
AK
Medical Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM 87108.
Icenogle
M V
MV
Kapsner
C O
CO
Chick
T W
TW
Roehnert
J
J
Murata
G H
GH
D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005080:Exercise Test; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005082:Physical Exertion; D014700:Verapamil / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D006728:Hormones; D014700:Verapamil; D009543:Nifedipine