title: Chronic diffuse infiltrative lung disease: determination of the diagnostic value of clinical data, chest radiography, and CT and Bayesian analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the value of clinical, chest radiographic, and computed tomographic (CT) findings in classifying chronic diffuse infiltrative lung disease (CDILD) MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two samples from the same population were consecutively studied: the training set (group A, n = 208) for the development of the decision aid and the test set (group B, n = 100) for validation. Computer-aided diagnoses were made with a Bayesian model that assigned to each patient diagnostic probabilities based on clinical, radiographic, or CT variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group A, a correct diagnosis based on clinical data was obtained in 29% of cases; radiography, 9%; and CT, 36%. This increased to 54% when clinical and radiographic variables were combined (P < .0001) and to 80% when data from all three were analyzed together (P < .0001). With prior and conditional probabilities determined from group A, the frequency of correct diagnosis in group B was 27% with clinical data, which increased to 53% (P < .0001) with radiographic findings and 61% after including CT data (P = .07).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT can help determine the specific diagnosis in patients with CDILD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Université Paris VI, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grenier
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chevret
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Beigelman
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Brauner
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chastang
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Valeyre
mesh_terms: D001499:Bayes Theorem; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed