title: Potential for reacquisition of cholera enterotoxin genes by attenuated Vibrio cholerae vaccine strain CVD 103-HgR.
abstract: The potential for reacquisition of ctxA genes by attenuated Vibrio cholerae O1 vaccine strain CVD 103-HgR was examined by performing a series of mating experiments under a variety of in vivo and in vitro conditions. We found no evidence that CVD 103-HgR could reacquire ctxA genes from wild-type V. cholerae O1 strains. However, if the donor V. cholerae O1 strains were genetically manipulated to add genes that allow chromosomal gene transfer, then ctxA sequences could be acquired by CVD 103-HgR. The minimal excretion of CVD 103-HgR by vaccinees and the refractoriness to reacquisition of ctxA sequences suggest that this well-tolerated, highly immunogenic live oral cholera vaccine will have a minimal environmental impact.
authors.affiliation: Division of Geographic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Kaper
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Michalski
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ketley
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D022121:Cholera Vaccines / Q000235:genetics*; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000235:genetics*; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000235:genetics; D014734:Vibrio cholerae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D022121:Cholera Vaccines; D004768:Enterotoxins; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; C037420:stN protein, Vibrio cholerae