title: Medical student abuse: an international phenomenon.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence of physical and psychological mistreatment of medical students at two medical schools in Finland.
  
  
  METHODS
  To enable comparison between Finnish and American students, we used the American Medical Association's Office of Education Research questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three of every four students surveyed reported experiencing some kind of mistreatment during their medical education. Students most commonly reported sexual mistreatment, usually as slurs and sexual discrimination, from classmates, preclinical teachers, clinical teachers, clinicians, nurses, and patients. Other forms of verbal abuse, psychological mistreatment, and physical threats were also reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All forms of mistreatment were reported occurring less frequently than in the United States; still, the level of such behavior was high. The results suggest the need for more international awareness and debate regarding the habits and behavior of teaching staff in medical schools.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uhari
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kokkonen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nuutinen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vainionpaa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rantala
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lautala
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Väyrynen
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D008297:Male; D011287:Prejudice; D028743:Professional Misconduct; D017406:Sexual Harassment; D012919:Social Behavior; D013337:Students, Medical; D014481:United States