title: Three distinct types of voltage-dependent K+ channels are expressed by Müller (glial) cells of the rabbit retina.
abstract: There is ample evidence that retinal radial glial (Müller) cells play a crucial role in retinal ion homeostasis. Nevertheless, data on the particular types of ion channels mediating this function are very rare and incomplete; this holds especially for mammalian Müller cells. Thus, the whole-cell variation of the patch-clamp technique was used to study voltage-dependent currents in Müller cells from adult rabbit retinae. The membrane of Müller cells was almost exclusively permeable to K+ ions, as no significant currents could be evoked in K(+)-free internal and external solutions, external Ba2+ (1 mM) reversibly blocked most membrane currents, and external Cs+ ions (5 mM) blocked all inward currents. All cells expressed inwardly rectifying channels that showed inactivation at strong hyperpolarizing voltages (> or = -120 mV), and the conductance of which varied with the square root of extracellular K+ concentration ([K+]e). Most cells responded to depolarizing voltages (> or = -30 mV) with slowly activating outward currents through delayed rectifier channels. These currents were reversibly blocked by external application of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 0.5 mM) or tetraethylammonium (TEA, > 20 mM). Additionally, almost all cells showed rapidly inactivating currents in response to depolarizing (> or = -60 mV) voltage steps. The currents were blocked by Ba2+ (1 mM), and their amplitude increased with the [K+]e. Obviously, these currents belonged to the A-type family of K+ channels. Some of the observed types of K+ channels may contribute to retinal K+ clearance but at least some of them may also be involved in regulation of proliferative activity of the cells.
authors.affiliation: Carl Ludwig Institute of Physiology, Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Leipzig University, Germany.
authors.forename: T I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Henke
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Reichelt
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Eberhardt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reinhardt-Maelicke
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reichenbach
mesh_terms: D015761:4-Aminopyridine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002469:Cell Separation; D004594:Electrophysiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000145:classification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D019789:Tetraethylammonium; D013757:Tetraethylammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D015221:Potassium Channels; D013757:Tetraethylammonium Compounds; D019789:Tetraethylammonium; D015761:4-Aminopyridine