title: Digitalis restores the forearm sympathetic response to cardiopulmonary receptor unloading in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the impaired reflex response to cardiopulmonary baroreceptor unloading in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy can be promptly improved by a pharmacological challenge. For this purpose we studied the effects of acute digitalis administration on cardiopulmonary baroreflex, evaluated by forearm noradrenaline spillover.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven hypertensives with left ventricular hypertrophy and 10 age- and sex-matched normotensives underwent the application of -5 and -10 mmHg lower-body negative pressure (LBNP) before and after the administration of digitalis. Forearm noradrenaline spillover, measured using a tracer technique, was used to estimate the reflex sympathetic response.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Under control conditions LBNP evoked a similar fall in right atrial pressure in the two study groups. In the normotensives there was a significant increase in forearm noradrenaline spillover. In the hypertensives no significant changes in forearm noradrenaline spillover were found. Intravenous administration of 0.02 mg/kg lanatoside C was associated with an increase in systolic blood pressure and a reduction in forearm noradrenaline spillover in both groups. In the normotensives the percentage change in forearm noradrenaline spillover induced by LBNP increased significantly in response to digitalis administration. However, digitalis restored the response of forearm noradrenaline spillover to LBNP in the hypertensives, so that no significant difference in this response was detected between the two study groups. Digitalis did not modify the effects of LBNP on cardiac pressures in either group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results demonstrate that administration of lanatoside C restores the response of forearm noradrenaline spillover to cardiopulmonary baroreceptor unloading in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. This indicates that the impairment of cardiopulmonary baroreflexes in these patients can be reversed by acute pharmacological treatment. Therefore, impairment of this reflex response seems to be related to functional rather than to structural abnormalities of the hypertrophied ventricle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lembo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rendina
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iaccarino
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ricciardelli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Volpe
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Trimarco
mesh_terms: D004071:Digitalis Glycosides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007799:Lanatosides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D011311:Pressoreceptors / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D004071:Digitalis Glycosides; D007799:Lanatosides; C018548:lanatoside C; D009638:Norepinephrine