title: Pneumolysin stimulates production of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 beta by human mononuclear phagocytes.
abstract: Human peripheral blood monocytes and a human monocyte cell line were exposed to the toxin pneumolysin. Pneumolysin-exposed cells produced significantly larger amounts of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 beta than cells not exposed to the toxin. The viability of cells was not affected by the concentrations of pneumolysin used in the experiments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Houldsworth
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Andrew
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002460:Cell Line; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013301:Streptolysins / Q000633:toxicity*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D003603:Cytotoxins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D013301:Streptolysins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C032290:plY protein, Streptococcus pneumoniae