Detection of chimeric BCR-ABL genes on bone marrow samples and blood smears in chronic myeloid and acute lymphoblastic leukemia by in situ hybridization.
The presence of BCR-ABL fusion genes has important diagnostic and prognostic implications in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The CML-specific chimeric BCR-ABL gene with a break involving the major breakpoint cluster region (M-bcr) of the BCR-gene has been detected by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In this study, we present a FISH protocol that allows the detection of breaks in both the major and the minor breakpoint cluster region (m-bcr). Three hybridization signals of D107F9, a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)-derived probe spanning the breakpoint regions of the BCR gene, were indicative of the translocation events. To increase the specificity further, this probe was combined with cos-abl 8, a cosmid probe flanking the breakpoint within the ABL gene for dual-color hybridization. Samples of 21 patients with CML, the ALL-derived cell line SUP-B15, and of seven patients with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)-positive ALL (three of them with breakpoints within m-bcr) were examined. BCR-ABL fusion was detected in all cases with high specificity (false-positive nuclei: mean, 0.1%). On cytogenetic preparations, the percentages of BCR-ABL-positive interphase cells ranged from 53% to 91%. Comparable efficiencies were achieved on blood smears. In conclusion, hybridization with D107F9 and cos-abl 8 allows unambiguous diagnosis of BCR-ABL genes and is likely to become an important tool for the monitoring of therapies in patients with CML and ALL.
Bentz
M
M
Medizinische Klinik, Universität Heidelberg, Germany.
Cabot
G
G
Moos
M
M
Speicher
M R
MR
Ganser
A
A
Lichter
P
P
Döhner
H
H
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001483:Base Sequence; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005260:Female; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000235:genetics*; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes
D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl