title: Mucogingival orthodontic and periodontal problems.
abstract: The absence of keratinized gingiva alone is not an indication for a periodontal surgical procedure. However, if recession increases during orthodontic treatment, then a gingival graft may be indicated. Orthodontic therapy and removal of a mandibular incisor where excessive gingival recession is present may be the indicated treatment.
authors.forename: G V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Newman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000637:transplantation*; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000150:complications*; D008334:Mandible; D008875:Middle Aged; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective; D011379:Prognosis