title: Vaccinia keratouveitis manifesting as a masquerade syndrome.
abstract: A patient who used contact lenses and had a history of blunt trauma developed vaccinia keratouveitis after accidental ocular autoinoculation from a recent vaccination site. Corneal and conjunctival cultures were taken for bacteria, fungi, Acanthamoeba, and viruses. Viral-like cytopathic effects became evident in tissue culture within three days. Immunofluorescence studies were negative for varicella-zoster virus, herpes simplex virus, adenovirus, measles, mumps, parainfluenza, and influenza. Pox viral particles were identified in the infected tissue cultures by electron microscopy. The Hind III restriction endonuclease profile of the viral DNA isolate was similar to the Lister strain of vaccinia virus. Ocular vaccinia may manifest as a masquerade syndrome and may mimic signs of herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and Acanthamoeba infection. Although vaccination with vaccinia is currently limited to a few populations throughout the world, vaccinia must still be considered in the differential diagnosis of infectious keratouveitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Buller
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chansue
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Hanika
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Brunt
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aquino
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Storch
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Pepose
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine / Q000009:adverse effects; D013577:Syndrome; D014606:Uveitis, Anterior / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D014615:Vaccinia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine