title: Microalbuminuria precedes the development of NIDDM.
abstract: Several studies have indicated that insulin resistance, elevated blood pressure (BP), and dyslipidemia precede the onset of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Little data, however, exist on the presence of renal disease in prediabetic subjects. We measured albumin excretion in a cross-sectional population study in subjects 65-74 years of age living in eastern Finland in relation to the risk of developing diabetes 3.5 years later. The prevalence of microalbuminuria (urinary albumin-to-urinary creatinine ratio > or = 2 mg/mmol) was 1.3-, 1.8-, and 2.0-fold higher among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (n = 242), newly diagnosed NIDDM subjects (n = 92), and previously diagnosed NIDDM subjects (n = 136), respectively, compared with subjects with normal glucose tolerance (n = 826). Nondiabetic subjects with microalbuminuria had multiple abnormalities in cardiovascular risk factors including elevated BP, high triglyceride concentration, high insulin concentration, and a low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, a cluster of risk factors typical for prediabetic individuals. The relationship between microalbuminuria and the incidence of NIDDM over the 3.5-year follow-up was studied in 891 subjects who were free of diabetes at baseline. Converters to diabetes (n = 69) had a higher prevalence of hypertension (68.1 vs. 54.4%, P < 0.05) and a higher prevalence of microalbuminuria (43.5 vs. 30.4%, P < 0.05) than nonconverters (n = 822). In logistic regression analysis, microalbuminuria predicted the development of NIDDM independently of BP level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mykkänen
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Haffner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuusisto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pyorälä
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laakso
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015994:Incidence; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine