title: Mouse dioxin-inducible cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase-3: AHD4 cDNA sequence, genetic mapping, and differences in mRNA levels.
abstract: We have cloned and sequenced the murine AHD4 cDNA encoding the 'Class 3' cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-3c). The cDNA is 1722 bp in length, excluding the poly(A+) tail, and has 5' and 3' nontranslated regions of 174 bp and 186 bp, respectively. AHD4 encodes a protein of 453 amino acids, including the first methionine (M(r) = 50,466). The murine AHD4 protein is 91% and 80% similar to the rat and human ALDH3c proteins, respectively, 64% identical to the rat microsomal ALDH3 protein, and < 28% similar to ALDH 'Class 1' and 'Class 2' proteins. Surprisingly, in contrast to the rat gene that is expressed in both cell cultures and the intact liver, the murine Ahd-4 gene is inducible by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD; dioxin) or benzo[a]pyrene in cell cultures but not in liver of the intact adult or newborn mouse. Southern hybridization analysis of mouse DNA probed with the full-length cDNA reveals that the Ahd-4 gene is likely to span less than a total of 15 kb, and was mapped to chromosome (Chr) 11 between the Mgat-1 and Shbg loci by analysis of two multilocus crosses. AHD4 mRNA levels are strikingly elevated in the untreated mouse hepatoma Hepa-1c1c7 mutant line c37 lacking CYP1A1 (aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase) activity and in the untreated 14CoS/14CoS mouse cell line having a homozygous deletion of about 1.2 cM on Chr 7. Our data suggest that the Ahd-4 gene in murine cell cultures is regulated by three distinct mechanisms: Ah receptor-mediated induction by TCDD or benzo[a]pyrene, CYP1A1 metabolism-dependent repression, and Chr 7-mediated putative derepression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH 45267-0056.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vasiliou
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Reuter
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kozak
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Nebert
mesh_terms: D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology*; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004147:Dioxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004147:Dioxins; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase