title: Blood and bronchoalveolar lavage endothelin-1 levels in nocturnal asthma.
abstract: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor that was recently shown to exhibit bronchoconstrictive properties in vitro. In asthmatic patients, the expression of ET-1 peptide was also shown to be increased in endobronchial biopsies. Thus, we postulated that ET-1 could be higher in subjects with nocturnal asthma. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid levels of ET-1 were measured in 10 subjects with nocturnal asthma and 6 normal volunteers at 0400 h (nighttime groups) and in an additional 7 subjects with nocturnal asthma and 6 control subjects at 1600 h (daytime groups). ET-1 levels were significantly lower in the nighttime asthmatic group (median 39.3 pg/mg protein, 7.3 to 44.0 IQ) than in the nighttime control group (median 77.4 pg/mg protein, 46.8 to 121.9 IQ; p = 0.01) or the daytime asthmatic group (median 56.8 pg/mg protein, 51.6 to 97.4 IQ; p = 0.04). ET-1 levels did not differ significantly between the daytime asthmatic and the daytime control groups or between control groups. Additionally, the overnight reduction in lung function was significantly correlated with lower BAL ET-1 levels (r = 0.57, p = 0.05). These results suggest that ET-1 plays a role in the overnight worsening of asthma and perhaps is more tightly tissue bound, resulting in lower levels of BAL fluid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80206.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Beam
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Wenzel
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Zamora
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D002452:Cell Count; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D016232:Endothelins / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010366:Peak Expiratory Flow Rate
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins