Oxidative stress and antioxidant defence mechanism in Plasmodium vivax malaria before and after chloroquine treatment.
The protection of Plasmodium vivax-parasitized red blood cells (PRBCs) against activated forms of oxygen was examined in relation to the non-parasitized and chloroquine-treated red blood cells. Increased parasitaemia was found to be accompanied with a decrease in the activities of enzymes of the glutathione system, namely glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GRx) and glutathione S-transferase (GTr) in the red blood cells (RBC) lysates. In contrast, however, the total amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the content of water-soluble antioxidant vitamin C was increased 2-3 fold over those of control RBCs. Chloroquine-treated red cells contained enzyme activities and antioxidant contents (GSH, vitamin C) comparable to those of control and non-parasitized red cells. Our results therefore indicate the oxidative stress experienced by RBCs during P. vivax infection and that this infection is accompanied with changes in the antioxidant defence system of the host, which are restored to near normal levels after treatment with chloroquine.
Sarin
K
K
Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, India.
Kumar
A
A
Prakash
A
A
Sharma
A
A
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000097:blood; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D016780:Malaria, Vivax / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002738:Chloroquine; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid