title: Induction of serum borne immunomodulatory factors in B6C3F1 mice by carbon tetrachloride. Exposure to carbon tetrachloride produces an increase in B-cell number and function.
abstract: Carbon tetrachloride exposure in mice induces a serum associated immunosuppressive factor(s) that inhibits T-cell dependent immune responses. The objective of the present studies was to characterize the immunomodulatory activity of serum isolated from carbon tetrachloride-treated mice on T-cell independent humoral immune responses. Direct addition of serum isolated from carbon tetrachloride-treated mice (500 mg/kg/day for 7 days) to naive spleen cell cultures enhanced the antibody forming cell response to lipopolysaccharide as compared to serum from naive or vehicle-treated mice. Enhanced antibody forming cell responses were also observed when spleen cells isolated from carbon tetrachloride-treated mice were sensitized with this T-cell independent antigen 24 h, but not 48 h or 72 h, following exposure of mice to one dose of 500 or 1000 mg/kg of carbon tetrachloride. Additionally, spleen weight and spleen:body weight ratio were increased in mice sensitized in vivo with sheep red blood cells 24 h after exposure to a single dose of carbon tetrachloride (500 or 1000 mg/kg) as compared to naive antigen sensitized mice and mice sensitized 48 and 72 h after exposure to carbon tetrachloride. Fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis indicated that daily exposure to carbon tetrachloride (250 or 500 mg/kg for 7 days) increased the percentage of B-cells in the spleen without altering the number of TH-cell or TC/S cell populations. Taken together, these results suggest that exposure to carbon tetrachloride induces a serum borne factor(s) that produces a modest increase in the functional activity and number of B-cells in the spleen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0613.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Delaney
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Kaminski
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D012756:Sheep; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride