title: Plasma endothelin determination as a prognostic indicator of 1-year mortality after acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Plasma endothelin concentrations are increased in the acute phase of myocardial infarction and in chronic heart failure. Since endothelin may contribute to hemodynamic deterioration by potent vasoconstrictory and cardiotoxic actions, increased plasma levels may be associated with an unfavorable prognosis after myocardial infarction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We tested the hypothesis that plasma endothelin determination in the subacute phase of myocardial infarction is related to subsequent survival and assessed whether plasma endothelin measurements provide additional prognostic information to that obtained from clinical and biochemical variables previously known to be associated with high mortality. Plasma endothelin determination was obtained from 142 patients (average age +/- SD, 67.8 +/- 10.1 years) on day 3 after documented myocardial infarction and was related to 1-year mortality. Sixteen patients died during the follow-up period. In a univariate Cox proportional-hazards model, day 3 plasma endothelin concentrations were significantly related to mortality (P < .0001). Patient age, previous treatment for systemic hypertension, presence of clinical heart failure, and plasma atrial natriuretic factor levels were all related to mortality in univariate analysis but provided no additional prognostic information to that obtained from endothelin determination in a multivariate model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma endothelin concentrations are strongly related to outcome after myocardial infarction and provide prognostic information independent of clinical and biochemical variables previously associated with a poor prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, Central Hospital in Rogaland, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Omland
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Lie
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aakvaag
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aarsland
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dickstein
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004656:Enalapril / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016232:Endothelins / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality*; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D004656:Enalapril