title: Pharmacokinetics of meropenem in patients with intra-abdominal infections.
abstract: Noncompartmental and compartmental analyses of meropenem disposition in patients receiving 1-g intravenous intermittent infusions every 8 h were performed. Twelve patients (one woman and 11 men) participated in the meropenem pharmacokinetic analysis. Operative findings included perforated appendicitis (five patients), gangrenous appendicitis (five patients), peri-appendical abscess (one patient), and gunshot wound to the abdomen (one patient). The most common associated adverse drug reactions to meropenem were diarrhea and increased liver enzymes. The estimated noncompartmental pharmacokinetic parameters, mean +/- standard deviation, are as follows: maximum drug concentration in plasma, 47.58 +/- 17.59 micrograms/ml; half-life, 1.04 +/- 0.19 h; elimination rate constant, 0.68 +/- 0.12 h-1; area under the concentration-time curve from 0 h to infinity, 57.5 +/- 20.12 micrograms x ml/h; total plasma clearance, 315.40 +/- 71.94 ml/min; renal clearance, 136.7 +/- 89.20 ml/min; volume of distribution at steady state, 26.68 +/- 6.88 liters; and mean residence time, 1.47 +/- 0.28 h. The two-compartment model best described meropenem disposition in our patients. Our findings differed from estimates for healthy volunteers possibly because of the physiologic changes as a result of surgery. Our findings suggest that meropenem (1,000 mg) administered intravenously every 8 h provides adequate concentrations for most intra-abdominal infections.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bedikian
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Nakahiro
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Farino
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Heseltine
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Appleman
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Yellin
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Berne
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gill
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D000077731:Meropenem; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D013845:Thienamycins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D013845:Thienamycins; D000077731:Meropenem