title: Conductance catheter measurements of left ventricular volume in the intact dog: parallel conductance is independent of left ventricular size.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has recently been suggested that conductance catheter parallel conductance (alpha Vc) is a function of left ventricular volume. To confirm this, alpha Vc was measured in this study over a wide range of steady state volumes. In addition, conductance derived volumes were compared to those obtained by radionuclide angiography to determine if the conductance catheter can be used to measure absolute left ventricular volume accurately in the intact dog heart.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven dogs were anaesthetised and instrumented with left ventricular conductance and pressure tip catheters, a flow through rho cuvette to continually measure blood resistance, a thermodilution catheter, and a venous catheter for volume infusion/withdrawal. Conductance and angiographic data were acquired at 8(SD 1) variably loaded states. Parallel conductance was measured twice at each state using a saline dilution technique and a new non-linear algorithm that allows variability in the observations of both maximum and minimum conductance volumes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean value of alpha Vc was 89.1(18.0) ml (71.8 to 111.3 ml) with a mean within-animal coefficient of variation of 7.3(3.4)%. Multiple linear regression using dummy variables to account for the large interanimal variability did not reveal any relationship between alpha Vc and either maximum or minimum left ventricular volume. Furthermore, no difference was found when alpha Vc values measured at the lowest and highest loading levels in each dog were compared. Linear regression showed good agreement between conductance and radionuclide derived end diastolic volumes (slope = 0.94, R = 0.9, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While alpha Vc varies between animals, it remains constant within any given animal over a broad range of left ventricular volumes. Thus the conductance catheter can provide reliable absolute left ventricular volume measurements under steady state conditions.
authors.affiliation: University of Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Szwarc
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Mickleborough
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohamed
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D004285:Dogs; D004553:Electric Conductivity / Q000502:physiology*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology