title: The preservation of some oral liquid preparations. The replacement of chloroform by other preservatives.
abstract: Chloroform should be considered as an obsolete preservative for pharmaceutical preparations, because of its toxicological implications and its physical instability. The effectiveness of possible alternatives for chloroform in three oral liquid pharmaceutical preparations was investigated, using a microbiological challenge test. Magnesium trisilicate mixture (British Pharmacopoeia) can be adequately preserved with methylparaben (2 g/l). Only insignificant amounts of methylparaben were absorbed by the solids present in the magnesium trisilicate mixture. Ferrous sulfate mixture (British Pharmacopoeia) can be preserved with a mixture of methylparaben (1.8 g/l) and propylparaben (0.2 g/l). Sorbic acid (1 g/l) is a suitable preservative for promethazine hydrochloride syrup.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Doorne
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Leijen
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development; D002725:Chloroform; D004304:Dosage Forms; D004340:Drug Contamination; D004355:Drug Stability; D004356:Drug Storage; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D005658:Fungi / Q000254:growth & development; D017633:Magnesium Silicates; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010226:Parabens; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D011398:Promethazine; D013011:Sorbic Acid
chemical_list: D004304:Dosage Forms; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D017633:Magnesium Silicates; D010226:Parabens; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; C020748:ferrous sulfate; D002725:Chloroform; C015358:methylparaben; C001671:magnesium trisilicate; D011398:Promethazine; D013011:Sorbic Acid; C006068:propylparaben