title: Altered expression of MUC2, MUC4, and MUC5 mucin genes in pancreas tissues and cancer cell lines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neoplastic transformation of epithelial cells is commonly associated with altered synthesis and structure of mucin glycoproteins. The aim of the study was to determine if altered mucin gene expression takes place in pancreas cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  To examine mucin gene expression in normal pancreas and pancreas cancer, antibodies detecting the MUC1, MUC2, MUC5B, and MUC5C apomucins were used in immunohistochemical techniques and complementary DNA probes specific for the MUC1-MUC5 genes were used in Northern blots.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MUC1 is the major apomucin expressed in normal pancreas, whereas MUC2-MUC5 are weakly expressed or undetectable. In pancreas cancer tissues and cell lines, increased expression of MUC2, MUC4, and MUC5C is shown. The cytoplasmic expression of MUC2 and MUC5C in tumor cells suggests that these apomucins are underglycosylated and abnormally compartmentalized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Enhanced expression of MUC2, MUC4, and MUC5C genes is a frequent event in pancreas cancer and may contribute to the alterations in the biochemical structure of pancreas cancer mucins.
authors.affiliation: Departament d'Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Balagué
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gambús
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carrato
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Porchet
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Aubert
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: F X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Real
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D005752:Gastric Mucins; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018396:Mucin-1; D055262:Mucin-2; D009077:Mucins / Q000235:genetics*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012016:Reference Values; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D005752:Gastric Mucins; C524625:MUC2 protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D018396:Mucin-1; D055262:Mucin-2; D009077:Mucins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C053366:apomucin