title: Laparoscopic nephrectomy: the learning-curve experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the learning-curve experience with laparoscopic nephrectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tertiary-care referral centre serving southern Saskatchewan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients (7 men, 9 women), selected to undergo laparoscopic nephrectomy. They ranged in age from 19 to 83 years. Indications for surgery were: recurrent atrophic pyelonephritis with pain (three patients), obstruction at the ureteropelvic junction with pain (three), small ectopic kidney with pain (one), renovascular hypertension (two), a solid renal mass confirmed by computed tomography (four), Staghorn calculus (one), transitional cell tumour of upper ureter (one) and pyonephrosis with a nonfunctioning kidney (one).
  
  
  METHODS
  Laparoscopic nephrectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postoperative morbidity, complications of the procedure and duration of postoperative hospitalization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Kidneys were removed laparoscopically in 13 patients. Open nephrectomy was necessary in three patients, owing to a lack of experience in patient selection in two cases and to intraoperative hemorrhage in the third. All patients resumed oral intake on the 1st postoperative day, and most did not require analgesics for relief of pain beyond 36 hours postoperatively. Complications of laparoscopic nephrectomy included pneumonia (one patient), low-grade fever (two patients), need for blood transfusion (three patients) and transient ischemic attack (one patient). The mean postoperative hospital stay was 4.3 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When patients are properly selected, laparoscopic nephrectomy provides decreased postoperative morbidity, a shorter convalescence, and thus cost savings, compared with open nephrectomy.
authors.affiliation: Plains Health Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Regina.
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Knaus
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012525:Saskatchewan / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome