title: Formation of cytokines by retransfusion of shed whole blood.
abstract: We have studied, in 10 patients undergoing hip replacement surgery, the release of cytokines (tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 alpha (IL-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8)) in association with retransfusion of autologous shed blood. The patients were reinfused with whole blood collected after operation. The median volume returned to the patients was 300 ml whole blood (25-75% range = 300-425 ml). Before reinfusion, blood was filtered. Plasma concentrations of IL-6 increased 1 and 60 min after retransfusion (P < 0.05). The plasma concentrations of TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-4 and IL-8 did not change significantly after retransfusion of shed wound blood. However, there were increased concentrations of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IL-8 in the collected blood (P < 0.001). The filtration procedure did not reduce significantly the concentrations of these factors. This study shows that whole blood collected from a surgical wound contains large concentrations of cytokines. Filtration of the shed wound blood did not reduce significantly these levels and retransfusion caused increased plasma concentrations of IL-6.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgren's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Arnestad
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bengtsson
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bengtson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tylman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Redl
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schlag
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001804:Blood Transfusion, Autologous; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005374:Filtration; D006622:Hip Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha