title: MR imaging of the arthritic knee: improved discrimination of cartilage, synovium, and effusion with pulsed saturation transfer and fat-suppressed T1-weighted sequences.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the applicability of three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with pulsed saturation transfer (ST) or fat saturation in depicting articular structures in arthritic knees.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven patients underwent MR imaging with T1-weighted spin-echo (SE); unenhanced and contrast material-enhanced T2*-weighted 3D gradient-echo with and without on-resonance pulsed ST; and T1-weighted, fat-presaturated 3D gradient-echo techniques. Images with ST were subtracted from those without ST.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both fat-suppressed imaging and ST-subtraction (STS) techniques generated a high contrast-to-noise ratio among cartilage, synovium, effusion, bone, and adipose tissue. Both techniques depicted hypertrophic synovial tissue on unenhanced images; contrast material was necessary to differentiate between synovium and cartilage on STS images.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  3D MR imaging with fat-suppressed or STS techniques provides good discrimination among articular structures in arthritic knees. Fat-suppressed imaging is faster than STS imaging and offers better contrast between cartilage and synovium. These techniques may improve monitoring of arthritic disease progression and therapeutic response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0628.
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Peterfy
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Majumdar
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: van Dijke
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sack
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Genant
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000473:pathology*; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000473:pathology*; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D013585:Synovitis / Q000473:pathology