title: Formamide sensitivity: a novel conditional phenotype in yeast.
abstract: Yeast mutants unable to grow in the presence of 3% formamide have been isolated in parallel with mutants sensitive to either 37 degrees or 6% ethanol. The number of formamide-sensitive mutations that affect different genes that can be identified from yeast cells is at least as large as the number of thermosensitive or ethanol-sensitive mutations. These mutations are of two types: those that are sensitive to formamide, temperature and/or ethanol simultaneously; and those that are specific for formamide sensitivity and show no temperature or ethanol sensitivity phenotype. Those genes susceptible to giving rise to formamide-sensitive alleles include the structural gene for DNA ligase, CDC9, and the structural gene for arginine permease, CAN1. The results indicate that formamide sensitivity can be used as a novel conditional phenotype for mutations on both essential and nonessential genes. This work also confirms that ethanol-sensitivity can be used as a conditional phenotype to identify mutations in at least as many genes as those susceptible to temperature or formamide sensitive mutations.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aguilera
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D026905:Amino Acid Transport Systems; D026923:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D000072481:DNA Ligase ATP; D011088:DNA Ligases / Q000235:genetics; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity; D005559:Formamides / Q000633:toxicity*; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D006358:Hot Temperature; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016296:Mutagenesis; D010641:Phenotype; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
chemical_list: D026905:Amino Acid Transport Systems; D026923:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic; C502212:CAN1 protein, S cerevisiae; C000607890:CDC9 protein, S cerevisiae; D005559:Formamides; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D000431:Ethanol; C031066:formamide; C043909:arginine permease; D011088:DNA Ligases; D000072481:DNA Ligase ATP