Possible role of high-titer maternal viremia in perinatal transmission of hepatitis C virus.
To study perinatal transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV), 15 anti-HCV-positive carrier mothers without human immunodeficiency virus coinfection were recruited. At delivery, maternal blood was taken and anti-HCV titer was determined and HCV RNA measured in each serum sample by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A competitive PCR was used in selected samples to quantitate HCV concentration. The 15 neonates were followed regularly for 1 year and their sera were also assayed for anti-HCV and for HCV RNA by reverse transcription PCR. All the mothers were positive for HCV RNA. Only one normal spontaneously delivered neonate of a mother with extremely high titer of anti-HCV (1:20,000) and HCV concentration (10(10) copies/mL) had both anti-HCV and HCV RNA in serum for up to 6 months of age. In contrast, none of the remaining 14 neonates born to mothers with low- to high-titer anti-HCV (1:4-1:1000) and moderate amounts of HCV RNA (10(5)-10(6) copies/mL) contracted HCV infection. The results imply that high-titer maternal viremia and normal spontaneous delivery may allow more HCV to infect the neonate intrapartum, therefore establishing perinatal transmission.
Lin
H H
HH
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China.
Kao
J H
JH
Hsu
H Y
HY
Ni
Y H
YH
Yeh
S H
SH
Hwang
L H
LH
Chang
M H
MH
Hwang
S C
SC
Chen
P J
PJ
Chen
D S
DS
D001483:Base Sequence; D002353:Carrier State / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D013624:Taiwan; D014766:Viremia / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission*
D004279:DNA, Viral