[Changes in the utero-placental and fetal cerebral circulations induced by nicotine in the ovine fetus].
Foetal and maternal circulations were studied in 5 gestating sheep given an intra-muscular nicotine injection (10 mg) daily for 65 days beginning on the 60th day of gestation. Six control sheep and 5 others given a placebo injection comprised the control group. Placental (Rp), cerebral (Rc) and uterine (Ru) vascular resistances were measured by Doppler at the following sites: umbilical arteries, foetal cerebral arteries, uterine arteries. Measurements were taken at 80, 100 and 130 days of gestation. The Doppler resistance indices were comparable in the control and placebo group. The cerebral Doppler resistance indices were comparable in the three groups at 80 and 100 days, but there was a significant increase at day 130 in the nicotine group (p < 0.01). This increase was in favour of reduced cerebral perfusion. The umbilical indices were slightly higher at 80 and 130 days in the nicotine group (p < 0.01). The cerebro-placental ratio (Rc/Rp) remained unchanged in the controls, but increased significantly in the nicotine fetuses (p < 0.05) confirming a redistribution of the fetal blood flow away from the brain. There was no significant difference in the uterine resistances at 80 and 100 days in the nicotine group (p < 0.01), but they increase between 100 and 130 days. In the control and placebo groups, delivery occurred at normal gestation dates. In these two groups, two lambs (10%) were stillborn. In the nicotine group, premature delivery occurred in two sheep and 8 of the 13 lambs (63%) were stillborn.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Arbeille
P
P
INSERM 316, Département de Médecine Nucléaire et Ultrasons, CHU Trousseau, Tours.
Fignon
A
A
Bosc
M
M
Bodart
S
S
D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000209:etiology; D005333:Fetus / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects*; D005865:Gestational Age; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010920:Placenta / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D012756:Sheep; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014469:Umbilical Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D014599:Uterus / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
D009538:Nicotine
Modifications des circulations utéro-placentaire et cérébrale foetales induites par la nicotine chez le foetus ovin.