title: Human T cell lymphotropic virus type I infection among female sex workers in Peru.
abstract: Four hundred female sex workers attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic in Lima, Peru, were interviewed for demographic information and medical, contraceptive, and sexual practice histories. Cervical cultures were done for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis, and serum was tested for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus, human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), Treponema pallidum, C. trachomatis, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and Haemophilus ducreyi. The prevalence of HTLV-I increased with duration of prostitution from 3.6% (< 3 years) to 9.3% (3-6 years) to 15.9% (> 6 years; P < .01). After adjustment for duration of prostitution, reduced risk of HTLV-I was significantly correlated with condom use for more than half of all sexual exposures for > 3 years (odds ratio [OR], 0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13-0.89). Further adjusting for condom use, HTLV-I seropositivity was associated with C. trachomatis (OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 1.4-13.2) and with antibody to HSV-2 (OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 0.5-29.6). Thus, duration of prostitution, lack of consistent condom use, and past infection with C. trachomatis were significantly associated with HTLV-I seropositivity.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Cayetano Heredia, US-Naval Medical Research Institute Detachment, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gotuzzo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Escamilla
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carrillo
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moreyra
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Stamm
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ashley
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Roggen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kreiss
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D015481:HTLV-I Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010568:Peru / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D011477:Sex Work; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D015481:HTLV-I Antibodies