title: Effect of radiographic contrast media on granulocyte phagocytosis of Escherichia coli in a whole blood flow cytometric assay.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Earlier studies have demonstrated an adverse effect of radiographic contrast media (CM) on granulocyte phagocytosis. Most studies in the past have depended on granulocyte separative procedures that may themselves affect granulocyte functions. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of CM on phagocytosis using a flow cytometric assay allowing more physiological assay conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty consecutive patients were blindly randomized to receive the nonionic ratio 3.0 CM iohexol or the ionic ratio 3.0 CM ioxaglate for intravenous urography. Granulocyte phagocytic potential was measured before and at 1, 5, and 20 minutes after CM administration with a flow cytometric whole blood method evaluating the ingestion of complement- and immunoglobulin G (IgG)-opsonized fluorescent Escherichia Coli bacteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ability of granulocytes to phagocytize opsonized E. Coli was adversely affected by both CM used. Compared with baseline values, significantly decreased phagocytic activity was observed for iohexol at 1, 5, and 20 minutes and for ioxaglate at 1 and 5 minutes. The largest decrease with ioxaglate was from 85.3 +/- 10.5 to 69.3 +/- 16.3 (5 minutes), and the largest change with iohexol was from 87.1 +/- 8.5 to 74.5 +/- 15.9 (5 minutes).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results confirm earlier reports that ionic and nonionic CM adversely affect the phagocytic ability of granulocytes after intravenous administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark.
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Lillevang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Albertsen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Georgsen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Egund
mesh_terms: D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007472:Iohexol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007485:Ioxaglic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D007472:Iohexol; D007485:Ioxaglic Acid