title: Clotting activity in Staphylococcus schleiferi subspecies from human patients.
abstract: Staphylococcus schleiferi subsp. schleiferi is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus, usually present as a contaminant in human specimens. A near relative, S. schleiferi subsp. coagulans, possesses coagulase activity but has not been reported from humans. We here describe three isolates of pseudocoagulase-positive S. schleiferi subsp. schleiferi and one isolate of S. schleiferi subsp. coagulans from human patients. The pseudocoagulase from the S. schleiferi subsp. schleiferi isolates differs from S. aureus staphylocoagulase by being sensitive to a combination of protease inhibitors (aprotinin, N-ethylmaleimide, and heparin). These isolates could all easily be confused with S. aureus in a typical clinical laboratory, since they all possess a heat-stable DNase and promote clotting formation. Moreover, S. schleiferi subsp. coagulans produces protein A, and S. schleiferi subsp. schleiferi expresses a clumping factor (fibrinogen affinity factor). Southern blot hybridization with an S. aureus coa-specific probe revealed no sequence related to the coa gene in any of the S. schleiferi isolates, and their riboprobe profiles and biochemical characteristics were typical of S. schleiferi subspecies, not of S. aureus. This study demonstrates that both subspecies of S. schleiferi can promote clotting of rabbit plasma in the standard tube test for coagulase.
authors.affiliation: Département de Recherche en Bactériologie Médicale, Faculté de Médecine Alexis Carrel, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vandenesch
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lebeau
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bes
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lina
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lina
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Greenland
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Benito
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Brun
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fleurette
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Etienne
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D003030:Coagulase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D011817:Rabbits; D013045:Species Specificity; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000145:classification / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003030:Coagulase