title: A pathologically distinct new form of HIV associated encephalopathy.
abstract: We present the clinical, morphological and neuropathological findings in a 44-year-old male suffering from the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (CDC stage IV C2) who presented with rapidly progressive right-side hemiparesis and developed hemianopia and aphasia. Scans showed multiple, not contrast-enhancing, not space-occupying echo-intensive lesions in T2-weighted MR-imaging. No hint for an opportunistic infection, necrotizing vasculitis or vascular disease was found. All therapeutic regimens failed and 8 weeks after onset of neurological symptoms the patient died because of cardiorespiratory arrest. Post-mortem examination excluded opportunistic infection, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, lymphoma, vasculitis and ischemia of the brain. In the presence of an unusually high amount of HIV-infected macrophages at immunohistochemical examination, the overall pathological findings were atypical both for HIV encephalitis and HIV leukoencephalopathy. We describe a pathologically distinct new form of HIV associated encephalopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine-University Dusseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: von Giesen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Arendt
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Neuen-Jacob
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Prestien
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jablonowski
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Freund
mesh_terms: D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000473:pathology*; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D016612:Paraffin Embedding