title: Antiapoptotic effect of c-fes protooncogene during granulocytic differentiation.
abstract: The c-fes protooncogene is expressed at high levels in the terminal stages of granulocytic differentiation. Its product, p92c-fes, exhibits a tyrosine-kinase activity and is involved in the cellular response to GM-CSF, but its role is not yet clarified. To study this problem, the c-fes protooncogene expression has been inhibited in HL60 cells and in fresh leukemic blast cells of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) induced to differentiate with All-Trans-Retinoic Acid (ATRA). Inhibition of c-fes function was obtained by treatment of the cells with a specific antisense oligomer complementary to the 5' region of the c-fes mRNA. It was observed that the cells, rather then differentiate to granulocytes, underwent premature cell death showing the morphological and molecular characteristics of apoptosis. Superimposable results are obtained on blast cells from APL. It is possible to conclude that the loss of cell viability that occurs during the in vitro differentiation of myeloid cells, after the complete inhibition of c-fes expression and treatment with ATRA, is due to activation of programmed cell death rather than an accelerated differentiation. Our data suggest that the c-fes product is essential for the survival of myeloid cells during differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manfredini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tagliafico
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grande
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barbieri
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Balestri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pizzanelli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zucchini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Citro
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zupi
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D015870:Gene Expression; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000473:pathology; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051578:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fes; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C496645:FES protein, human; D051578:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fes