title: Single anticardiolipin measurement in the routine management of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the usefulness of a single measurement of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in routine clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  All 127 patients with SLE currently followed by our rheumatology unit had an aCL measurement on routine clinic review. Their charts were then reviewed for specific disease manifestations. Basic statistical correlations of the aCL result and the specific disease manifestations were performed, and the clinical utility of the aCL test assessed using Bayesian analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  aCL was positive (> 2 SD) in 24% and was associated with recurrent fetal loss, thrombosis, cerebrovascular disease, livedo reticularis and digital infarcts. Bayesian analysis showed that a single positive aCL test increased the relative and absolute risk of all the above complications. The criterion of aCL positivity as > 15 units (2 SD) was associated with the highest relative risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single positive aCL test in routine management of SLE is a useful predictor of important clinical events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Axtens
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: G O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Littlejohn
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Topliss
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Morand
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin