title: The classification of panic disorders: from Freud to DSM-IV.
abstract: The authors trace the history of the classification of anxiety disorders, beginning with a detailed discussion of Freud's work on anxiety-neurosis as a basis for subsequent work. They discuss how anxiety disorders were described in DSM-I and DSM-II where Freud's concept of the anxiety neurosis was used as a major organizing principle. The revolutionary change in DSM-III is described in which the term and organizing principle of neurosis was dropped. The controversies that have arisen as a result of changes in DSM-III-R are discussed, particularly as they relate to compatibility with the International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) and especially with respect to the relationship and priority of panic and agoraphobia. Finally the authors discuss the process by which decisions will be made in DSM-IV where changes will be based on systematic reviews of empirical evidence whenever possible.
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Durham, NC 27710.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frances
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Miele
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Widiger
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Pincus
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Manning
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000266:history*; D005060:Europe; D005619:Freudian Theory / Q000266:history; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000145:classification / Q000266:history*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000266:history*; D014481:United States