title: Improved method for needle electromyography of the urethral sphincter in women.
abstract: Needle electromyography (EMG) of the urethral sphincter using the periurethral approach is a procedure which most women find painful and their discomfort can restrict the usefulness of the test. A new technique has been devised using a transvaginal approach. The patient lies in the left lateral position and using a Sims speculum the posterior vaginal wall is retracted. The urethral sphincter can be easily seen and palpated, assisting correct electrode placement. This new technique is much less uncomfortable and highly satisfactory EMG recordings are obtained.
authors.affiliation: Department of Uro-Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, England, UK.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Osborne
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: DeLancey
mesh_terms: D004576:Electromyography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000502:physiology; D010173:Palpation; D011187:Posture; D014521:Urethra / Q000502:physiology*