title: A new oxygen applicator for simultaneous mouth and nose breathing.
abstract: We have developed a new O2 applicator to try to overcome the problems of long-term oxygen therapy that ensures a sufficient oxygen supply for both nasal and oral breathing and prevents mucosal irritation. Placed on the upper lip, it is unobtrusive. The principle is as follows: due to an enlarged outlet area, turbulence occurs and the oxygen is reduced. Thus, an oxygen cloud is formed that can be inhaled by both mouth or nose. The efficiency of our O2 applicator was compared with a face mask in six healthy subjects and patients with COPD. A similar increase in PO2 was found up to an oxygen flow of 2 L/min for nasal and oral breathing. Mild hypercapnia resulted in three patients with COPD only when a face mask was used and only when patients breathed through the nose. All patients preferred the new applicator.
authors.affiliation: Krankenhaus Kloster Grafschaft, Zentrum für Pneumologie und Allergologie, Starnberg, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Köhler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knoch
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sommerfeld
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012119:Respiration
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen