title: Rapid assay for detection of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 from human sera.
abstract: A noncompetitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that enables the quantitation of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1) to as little as 30 pg/ml and the detection of TSST-1 to 10 pg/ml in phosphate-buffered saline including 33% human serum or plasma was developed. It takes only 3 h to complete this assay after plate preparation. In this study, 64 human serum samples obtained from 30 patients with toxic shock syndrome or toxic shock syndrome-like symptoms were subjected to testing for the detection of TSST-1. With a cutoff level for TSST-1 of less than 100 pg/ml, 28 samples obtained from 12 patients were positive for TSST-1. The mean and maximum concentrations for these TSST-1-positive samples were 440 and 5,450 pg/ml, respectively. Of these 12 patients, 8 were Staphylococcus aureus culture positive, 3 were negative upon bacterial culturing, and 1 had no cultures done.
authors.affiliation: Medical Device & Diagnostics Research Laboratories, Toray Industries Inc., Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kunitomo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Igarashi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018089:Superantigens; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004768:Enterotoxins; D018089:Superantigens; C030107:enterotoxin F, Staphylococcal