title: Dietary trans fatty acids: effects on plasma lipids and lipoproteins of healthy men and women.
abstract: Effects of cis and trans monounsaturated fatty acids (TFA) and saturated fatty acids were assessed in 29 men and 29 women consuming controlled diets. Subjects ate each diet for 6 wk in a Latin square design. The diets, each with 39-40% of energy as fat were: 1) high oleic (16.7% of energy as oleic acid), 2) moderate TFA (3.8% of energy as TFA), 3) high TFA (6.6% of energy as TFA), 4) and saturated (16.2% of energy as lauric+myristic+palmitic acids). Compared with the oleic diet, LDL cholesterol increased 6.0%, 7.8%, and 9.0% after moderate TFA, high TFA, and saturated diets, respectively. HDL cholesterol was unchanged after moderate TFA, but was slightly lower (2.8%) after high TFA. HDL cholesterol after the saturated diet was 3.5% higher than after the oleic diet. Changes in apolipoproteins B and A-I corresponded with changes in the lipoprotein cholesterols. Thus, compared with oleic acid, dietary TFAs raise LDL cholesterol, but to a slightly lesser degree than do saturates, and high TFA concentrations may result in minor reductions of HDL cholesterol.
authors.affiliation: Lipid Nutrition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, MD.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Judd
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Clevidence
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Muesing
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wittes
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Sunkin
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Podczasy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001053:Apolipoproteins; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol