title: Alterations in retinal Na+, K(+)-ATPase in diabetes: streptozotocin-induced and Zucker diabetic fatty rats.
abstract: The temporal pattern of changes in the specific activities of retinal Na+, K(+)-ATPase (Na, K-ATPase) and Mg(2+)-ATPase (Mg-ATPase) were determined at several time intervals following the onset of diabetes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic (STZ: at 1, 2, 4 and 6 months) Long-Evans hooded rats, spontaneously diabetic Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF: at 1, 2 and 4 months) rats and their age-matched controls. These animals were utilized as models for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), respectively. Na, K-ATPase specific activity, using 10(3) M ouabain, was decreased (-6% to -14%) at all time points after the appearance of hyperglycemia in the ZDF rat, but was reduced only after 4 and 6 months in the STZ rat (-8% and -14%, respectively). In contrast, Mg-ATPase activity was significantly increased (13%) after 4 months in the ZDF rat and after 6 months in the STZ rat (8%). The concentration-dependent inhibitory effects of ouabain (10(-9) to 10(-3) M) on the activity of Na, K-ATPase in diabetic rats and age-matched controls was used to assess the time-dependent effects of diabetes on the alpha 3-high ouabain affinity or the alpha 1-low ouabain affinity retinal Na, K-ATPase isozymes. The retinal Na, K-ATPase activity for the alpha 3 isozyme was significantly lower at all times examined for the ZDF (-5% to -26%) and STZ-induced diabetic rats (-8% to -14%). This was reflected in the markedly decreased half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of ouabain for the alpha 3 isozyme. For example, after four months of diabetes, the mean +/- SEM IC50 values were 12 +/- 3 nM in the STZ rats and 48 +/- 6 nM in the age-matched controls and 19 +/- 3 nM in the ZDF rats and 30 +/- 4 nM in the age-matched controls. In contrast, the activity of the alpha 1 isozyme was slightly, but significantly, decreased at 2 and 4 months in the ZDF rats (-4% to -7%) and after 4 and 6 months in the STZ-induced diabetic rats (-3% to -9%) while the IC50 values were unchanged. Moreover, the Hill coefficient for the alpha 3 isozyme was decreased in both diabetic groups while it was unchanged for the alpha 1 isozyme.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: College of Optometry, University of Houston, TX 77204-6052.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ottlecz
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eichberg
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Fox
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017301:Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000201:enzymology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000201:enzymology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000201:enzymology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000201:enzymology; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000201:enzymology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010042:Ouabain / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D013311:Streptozocin; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D010042:Ouabain; D013311:Streptozocin; D017301:Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase