Hypohydration causes cardiovascular drift without reducing blood volume.
To determine the effect of hydration on cardiovascular drift (i.e.; increased heart rate and reduced stroke volume) during exercise in a 21 degrees C environment, nine subjects were studied while cycling at 65% of peak oxygen consumption when euhydrated and while still hypohydrate, following exercise-induced dehydration and a 2 h rest/rehydration period. Subjects dehydrated by exercising in the heat (32 degrees C) until body weight was reduced 2.5%. On two separate occasions following exercise, subjects either received no fluid or ingested a volume of water equal to 100% of the fluid lost during exercise. Following the 2 h rest/rehydration period, 65 +/- 6% of the ingested water was retained and thus the subjects were hypohydrated by 0.9 +/- 0.1%, compared to being hypohydrated by 2.8 +/- 0.1% when no fluid was ingested. Despite these differences in whole body hydration, blood volume during exercise remained at euhydrated levels when hypohydrated by 0.9% and 2.8%. However, the degree of cardiovascular drift was graded in proportion to hypohydration. Compared to the responses when euhydrated, heart rate was elevated 10 +/- 2 and 18 +/- 2 bt/min, whereas stroke volume was reduced 9 +/- 3 and 18 +/- 2 ml/bt, respectively, when hypohydrated by 0.9% and 2.8% during the water and no fluid trials (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). These observations indicate that cardiovascular drift during exercise in a 21 degrees C environment is graded in proportion to hydration and, under these conditions, not due to reductions in blood volume.
Heaps
C L
CL
Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin 78712.
González-Alonso
J
J
Coyle
E F
EF
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D003681:Dehydration / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006400:Hematocrit; D006452:Hemoglobinometry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology*