title: High exposures to organic solvents among graffiti removers.
abstract: The exposure to organic solvents among 12 graffiti removers was studied. Health effects were also assessed by structured interview and a symptom questionnaire. Blood and urine samples were collected at the end of the day of air sampling. The concentrations of dichloromethane, glycol ethers, trimethylbenzenes and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone in the breathing zone of each worker were measured during one working day. The 8-h time-weighted average exposure to dichloromethane ranged from 18 to 1200 mg/m3. The Swedish Permissible Exposure Limit value for dichloromethane is 120 mg/m3. The air concentrations of glycol ethers, trimethylbenzenes and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone were low or not detectable. No exposure-related deviations in the serum concentrations of creatinine, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase or hyaluronan or the urine concentrations of alpha 1-microglobulin, beta 2-microglobulin or N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase were found. Irritative symptoms of the eyes and upper respiratory tract were more prevalent than in the general population. This study demonstrates that old knowledge about work hazards is not automatically transferred to new professions. Another aspect is that the public is also exposed as the job is performed during daytime in underground stations. At least for short periods, bystanders may be exposed to high concentrations of organic solvent vapours. People with predisposing conditions, e.g. asthmatics, may risk adverse reactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Anundi
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Friis
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Itkes
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Langworth
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Edling
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012997:Solvents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D012997:Solvents