Platelet-activating factor biosynthesis in rat vascular smooth muscle cells.
The ability of platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonists to protect rats from the cardiovascular collapse induced by large doses of endothelin 1 led us to examine the capacity of rat cultured vascular smooth muscle cells to produce PAF and also to evaluate its potential functional roles in this cell type. Adenosine triphosphate and the vasoactive peptides, endothelin 1, angiotensin II, and arginine vasopressin, each elicited an increase in the PAF level in extracts of rat cultured vascular smooth muscle cells as determined by bioassay. PAF was not detectable (above 20 fmol/mg protein) in the supernatants of these cells. The identity of the bioactivity as PAF was confirmed by GC/MS which indicated that more than 80% of the PAF was 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-3-sn-glyceryl-phosphorylcholine. Exogenous PAF (100 nM) elicited increases in intracellular calcium that were inhibited by WEB 2086 (10 microM). Endothelin 1, at a concentration which stimulated PAF synthesis, (1 nM), elicited increases in intracellular calcium levels that were not inhibited by WEB 2086 (10 microM). Thus, endogenous PAF is unlikely to be involved in the endothelin-1-induced calcium increases. Although WEB 2086 (3-100 microM) inhibited concentration dependently fetal calf serum (10% v/v) induced [3H]-thymidine incorporation, reaching a maximum effect at 30 microM of 40-50% reduction, in parallel experiments WEB 2086 had no effect on serum-induced increases in cell numbers. We conclude that PAF is produced and retained by cultured rat vascular smooth muscle and that it is unlikely to contribute to the signaling of increases in intracellular calcium or proliferation.
Tomlinson
P R
PR
Microsurgery Research Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia.
Croft
K
K
Harris
T
T
Stewart
A G
AG
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000494:pharmacology; D001381:Azepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016232:Endothelins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013936:Thymidine / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
D001381:Azepines; D016232:Endothelins; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D014230:Triazoles; C052518:WEB 2086; D000804:Angiotensin II; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002118:Calcium; D013936:Thymidine