title: [The value of early morphologic ultrasonography for the detection of chromosome anomalies].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate the benefit, in terms of improved antenatal screening, in particular for 21-trisomy, to be expected from the introduction of routine vaginal morphologic echography during the first trimester of pregnancy. This work was conducted by the Department of Gynaecology-Obstetrics of the French Red Cross Teaching Hospital in Bois-Guillaume, France.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over a 20 month period, 307 consultating women underwent routine endovaginal echography between the 10th and 13th week of amenorrhoea. The exploration was proposed to detect small retrocervical hydromas as a signal for further cytogenetic tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five hygromas were discovered and led to the diagnosis of 4 cases of 21-trisomy, the fifth pregnancy ended with spontaneous abortion. The 12th week appeared as the most favourable time for routine examination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This non-invasive method, routinely performed in all women, improves the yield of screening for 21-trisomy and allows a better means of indicating cytogenetic tests.
authors.affiliation: Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital de la Croix Rouge Française, Bois-Guillaume.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Petitcolas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Couvreur
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leboullenger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rossi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000649:Amniocentesis; D002882:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006554:Hernia, Umbilical / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D018191:Lymphangioma, Cystic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D014314:Trisomy; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
vernacular_title: Intérêt de l'échographie morphologique précoce pour la détection des anomalies chromosomiques.