title: Use of oral moist snuff and inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: We examined the association between oral moist snuff use and inflammatory bowel disease in a case-control study based on the population in Stockholm County. The relative risk (RR) associated with ever use of moist snuff was 2.1 (95% CI: 1.0-4.6) for Crohn's disease, and 2.2 (95% CI: 1.1-4.4) for ulcerative colitis. Cigarette smoking indicated a synergistic relation with moist snuff: the RR estimate of Crohn's disease was 3.7 (95% CI: 1.1-13.1) and of ulcerative colitis 3.3 (95% CI: 1.0-10.9) for snuff dippers who were also current cigarette smokers, but only 0.9 and 1.1 respectively for snuff dippers who had never smoked.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Persson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hellers
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahlbom
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000009:adverse effects*