Case-control study of BCG vaccination as a risk factor for leprosy and tuberculosis in western Kenya.
A case-control study was carried out in western Kenya to measure the protection imparted by BCG against leprosy and tuberculosis. The study involved 69 newly diagnosed leprosy cases, 238 age-, sex- and neighborhood-matched controls, and 144 newly diagnosed, sputum-smear-positive tuberculosis cases along with 432 age-, sex- and neighborhood-matched controls. Information on BCG vaccination history was inferred from scars. Using matched analysis, the protection imparted by BCG against leprosy was estimated to be 81% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 67-90] with no apparent difference in protection against paucibacillary [vaccine efficacy (VE) = 83%, 95% CI = 58-92] and multibacillary leprosy (VE = 76%; 95% CI = 30-91). The effectiveness against tuberculosis was appreciably lower (VE = 22%) and was not statistically significant (95% CI = -20-51).
Orege
P A
PA
Kenya Medical Research Institute, Alupe Leprosy and Skin Diseases Research Center, Busia.
Fine
P E
PE
Lucas
S B
SB
Obura
M
M
Okelo
C
C
Okuku
P
P
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D001500:BCG Vaccine; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D007918:Leprosy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
D001500:BCG Vaccine