title: Chronic morphine induces tolerance and desensitization of mu-opioid receptor but not down-regulation in rabbit.
abstract: Tolerance to chronic morphine treatment was studied in adult rabbits and modifications in the number and the state of coupling of the mu-opioid receptors were investigated in the cerebellum. Tolerance was induced by the subcutaneous injection of progressively increasing doses of morphine (5-100 mg/kg/injection) over 6 days and its occurrence was controlled by a nociceptive test: electrical stimulation of the dental pulp. At the end of the treatment, the rabbits were tolerant to the analgesic effects of morphine and the tolerance phenomenon correlated well with a significant decrease in the adenylate cyclase inhibition (approximately 60%). The functional uncoupling between the enzyme and the mu-opioid receptor was accompanied neither by a decrease in the number of high affinity receptors measured by equilibrium binding techniques (Kd = 0.19 +/- 0.03 in control vs. 0.11 +/- 0.04 nM in tolerant animals; Bmax = 322 +/- 62 vs. 362 +/- 58 fmol/mg of protein), nor by a modification of the physical coupling between the receptor and its G-protein. It can be concluded that desensitization, under our experimental conditions, can be clearly distinguished from down-regulation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Pharmacologic et de Toxicologie Fondamentales, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Polastron
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Meunier
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jauzac
mesh_terms: D000067956:Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D004174:Diprenorphine / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004361:Drug Tolerance / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011817:Rabbits; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000067956:Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu; D004174:Diprenorphine; D009020:Morphine