title: Stress radiography of the medial elbow ligaments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the usefulness of stress radiography for evaluation of injury to the medial collateral ligament (MCL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two injured athletes and four healthy athletes without symptoms underwent examination performed with a stress device. The increase in joint space width between the medial epicondyle and coronoid process, measured on anteroposterior radiographs obtained after 0 and 15 daN force was applied to the lateral elbow joint, was used to assess the extent of ligament tear. The validity of this technique was tested with study of selectively severed cadaveric MCLs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All complete and large partial tears were correctly diagnosed with stress radiography when the increase in joint space width was larger by 0.5 mm in the affected elbow compared with the opposite normal elbow. In subjects with values less than 0.5 mm, the MCLs were normal or showed a small tear that could be managed conservatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stress radiography of the MCL enables accurate diagnosis of large and complete tears and distinction between such tears and small partial tears and normal ligaments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville 22908.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rijke
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Goitz
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: McCue
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Berr
mesh_terms: D001175:Arthrography / Q000379:methods; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004550:Elbow / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008023:Ligaments, Articular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000092464:Elbow Injuries