title: Choline pharmacokinetics during intermittent intravenous choline infusion in human subjects.
abstract: A study of choline pharmacokinetics was undertaken in four patients receiving long-term total parenteral nutrition. On consecutive days, 7, 14, 28, and 56 mmol choline chloride were intravenously infused over a 12-hour period in each subject. The choline concentration was determined in plasma at baseline, 1/4, 1, 3, 6, and 12 hours, and 3 and 12 hours after the infusion ended, and in daily 24-hour urine collections. Analysis of variance showed the data fit a two-compartment model in which elimination from the central compartment was saturable significantly better than a one-compartment model in all four subjects (p < 10(-8) in all cases), and significantly better than a nonsaturating model in three of the four subjects (p = 1.0 x 10(-9), 7.5 x 10(-6), 9.4 x 10(-11), respectively). The model allowed estimates of the rate constant for choline elimination at ambient levels, first-order rate constants for transfer between central and peripheral compartments, the dissociation constant for the saturable elimination process, the apparent volume of distribution in the central compartment, the steady-state volume of distribution, and the quantities of choline in the central compartment and in the readily exchangeable pool.
authors.affiliation: Section of Gastroenterology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Buchman
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Jenden
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Moukarzel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roch
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ament
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002794:Choline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D002794:Choline