title: Chemically selected subclones of the CEM cell line demonstrate resistance to HIV-1 infection resulting from a selective loss of NF-kappa B DNA binding proteins.
abstract: To delineate cellular genes that are required for optimal HIV-1 infection, CEM cells were subjected to treatment with the chemical mutagen ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) and subclones were selected based on their increased resistance to HIV-1 infection and reduced syncytium formation, despite relatively normal CD4 expression (20,000 to 25,000 receptors/cell). Two subclones with this phenotype demonstrated a diminished capacity of HIV-1 long terminal repeat-chloramphenicol acetyl transferase expression either after treatment with the protein kinase C activator PMA, or through Tat-mediated transactivation. In this study, we show that the cellular levels of the NF-kappa B DNA binding proteins (but not AP1 or SP1) are markedly reduced in these cell mutants both at the mRNA and protein levels, resulting in reduced nuclear localization of p50/p65 after PMA induction or treatment with the lymphokine TNF-alpha. Transient reconstitution with a plasmid expressing p50 resulted in partial recovery of PMA-inducible LTR-chloramphenicol acetyl transferase expression. These data suggest that, at least in the CEM T cell line, a selective reduction in the NF-kappa B DNA binding proteins is sufficient to curtail HIV-1 infection.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Retrovirus Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bours
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manischewitz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Blackburn
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Siebenlist
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Golding
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D002999:Clone Cells; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D015870:Gene Expression; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate