title: [Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography in the pre- and postoperative assessment of interatrial communication].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transthoracic echocardiography is the most useful noninvasive method to diagnose atrial septal defect. It is suggested by some authors that transesophageal echocardiography is more accurate than transthoracic echocardiography in this setting. Our aim was to compare the usefulness of both techniques in: 1) diagnosing atrial septal defect, 2) detecting associated anomalies and 3) postoperative assessment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pre and postoperative transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography were performed in 27 patients in whom diagnosis of atrial septal defect was confirmed at surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated the defect in 20 patients (74%) (8 ostium primum, 10 ostium secundum and 2 sinus venosus). The 27 patients (100%) were correctly diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography (8 ostium primum, 12 ostium secundum and 7 sinus venosus). Defect size determined by transthoracic echocardiography had a poor correlation with the surgical measurement (r = 0.34). A good correlation was obtained when transesophageal versus surgical defect size measurements were compared (r = 0.85; p < 0.05). Transesophageal echocardiography was superior in detecting associated anomalies (5 patients with anomalous partial pulmonary venous drainage, 3 persistence of left superior vena cava and 1 atrial septal aneurysm). Moreover, this technique better determined residual atrial septal defect, and detected a postsurgical inferior vena cava connection to the left atrium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transesophageal echocardiography is superior to transthoracic echocardiography in diagnosing atrial septal defect sinus venosus type, detecting associated anomalies and postoperative assessment. Transthoracic echocardiography is diagnostic in the majority of patients with atrial septal defect ostium primum and ostium secundum types.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario de San Carlos, Madrid.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: San Román
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vilacosta
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zamorano
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rollán
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Villanueva
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Almería
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Harguindey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011300:Preoperative Care; D013909:Thorax
vernacular_title: Ecocardiografía transtorácica y transesofágica en la valoración pre y postoperatoria de la comunicación interauricular.