title: Bilateral brachial plexus palsy after immediate breast reconstruction with TRAM flaps.
abstract: Although most postoperative upper extremity neuropathies are caused by extremes of position or intraoperative manipulation of the arm, nerve injury is possible without either of these. Pedicled TRAM flap surgery, during which no axillary retraction or hyperabduction of the arm is used, is not free of risk for neural injury. More studies are needed to specifically define risk-related maneuvers for these and other anesthetized patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery (Plastic Division), St. Vincent's Hospital, New York, N.Y.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Godfrey
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Godfrey
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fast
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kemeny
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001917:Brachial Plexus / Q000293:injuries; D001940:Breast / Q000601:surgery*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015413:Mastectomy, Simple; D010243:Paralysis / Q000209:etiology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D017568:Rectus Abdominis / Q000637:transplantation*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000379:methods*