The effect of nerve growth factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, and ACTH analogs on cisplatin neurotoxicity in vitro.
Cisplatin, used to treat ovarian, bladder, and testicular cancers, causes a sensory dose-limiting neuropathy. Preliminary observations in humans and animals suggest that nerve damage may be prevented by ACTH analogs, particularly those belonging to the melanocortin class, and by nerve growth factor (NGF). We established a rat embryo dorsal root ganglion model to study cisplatin neurotoxicity. The drug reproducibly inhibited axonal growth at concentrations similar to that known to produce toxicity in neurons. The inhibition was prevented in a dose-dependent fashion by simultaneous exposure to alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) or ACTH but not by excess NGF or ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). The ACTH peptides were not effective in preventing suramin-induced neurotoxicity in the same model. Drug interaction and dose-response studies showed that ACTH and alpha-MSH do not act by potentiation of NGF action. ACTH analogs appear to protect against cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity directly at the cellular level.
Windebank
A J
AJ
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
Smith
A G
AG
Russell
J W
JW
D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016501:Neurites / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D002945:Cisplatin