title: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of venous anastomotic stenoses complicating liver transplantation: intermediate-term results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors evaluated the safety and efficacy of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for the treatment of venous stenoses in liver transplant recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over a 5-year period, 15 venous stenoses were treated with PTA in 12 patients with liver transplants (seven children and five adults). PTA was performed for portal vein stenoses in five patients, inferior vena cava (IVC) stenoses (n = 6) in five patients, combined superior mesenteric vein-portal vein graft anastomosis and hepatic vein-IVC anastomosis in one patient, and combined IVC and hepatic vein-IVC anastomosis in one patient. PTA was repeated in three patients (five procedures) for recurrent IVC stenoses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initial technical and clinical success of PTA was achieved in 11 patients (92%); failure occurred in one patient (8%) with a portal vein anastomotic stenosis. No complications occurred in the immediate post-procedure period (up to 7 days). Nine patients (75%) are clinically well, with follow-up ranging from 7 to 33 months (mean, 18 months). Two of them required one or more repeated PTA procedures to maintain vessel patency. One patient required retransplantation for chronic rejection at 3 months, and another died of gastrointestinal tract bleeding from a gastric ulcer at 2 months after initially successful IVC PTA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PTA is a safe procedure for the treatment of venous anastomotic stenoses in liver transplant recipients. PTA of portal vein anastomotic stenosis has favorable intermediate-term results. Repeat PTA may be necessary in some cases of IVC anastomotic stenoses to maintain vessel patency and avoid surgical revision or retransplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Presbyterian University Hospital, PA 15213.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Zajko
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bron
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nour
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tzakis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006503:Hepatic Veins / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008875:Middle Aged; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D014654:Vascular Patency; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000601:surgery