title: Transabdominal ultrasonographic evaluation of endometrial thickness in clomiphene citrate-stimulated cycles in relation to conception.
abstract: The possible antiestrogenic effect of clomiphene citrate on endometrial growth was assessed by serial transabdominal ultrasonographic measurements in 46 women with unexplained infertility. A significantly higher (p < 0.05) rate of endometrial growth was observed in the 8 women who conceived compared with the 38 women who failed to conceive. A thicker endometrium (4.6 +/- 0.3 mm) was observed from the third day before ovulation as well as a higher average growth rate in the three days prior to ovulation (0.7 +/- 0.1 mm/day) in the group that achieved pregnancy compared to a lower endometrium (2.1 +/- 0.2 mm) from the third day before ovulation and a slower growth rate in the three days prior to ovulation (0.2 +/- 0.0 mm/day) in the group that did not achieve pregnancy (p < 0.05). These data suggest that clomiphene citrate may exert an antiestrogenic effect on the endometrium, and thus interfere with implantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology B, Serlin Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wolman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sagi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pauzner
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yovel
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Seidman
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: David
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D002996:Clomiphene