title: Mucosal prolapse syndrome: diagnosis with endoscopic US.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the value of endoscopic ultrasound (US) in the diagnosis of mucosal prolapse syndrome (MPS), also known as solitary ulcer of the rectum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three male and two female patients (age range, 17-66 years) with biopsy-proved MPS underwent endoscopic US. The average rectal wall thicknesses of the affected areas were compared with those of normal-appearing mucosa.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The gross appearance of the rectal lesions was classified into three types: polypoid (n = 2), flat (n = 1), and ulcerative (n = 2). In all three types of lesions, endoscopic US demonstrated smooth, diffuse thickening of the third layer of the rectal wall; the other layers had minimal thickening. Neither a solid hypoechoic mass nor a transmural infiltrating lesion was visible, and the five-layer structure of the rectal wall was completely preserved. In the polypoid lesions, the third layer was winding as well as thickened, and microcystic components were occasionally found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic US enabled differentiation of MPS from other conditions such as malignant neoplasia and Crohn disease.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hizawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suekane
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mibu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujishima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011351:Proctoscopy; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012005:Rectal Prolapse / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013577:Syndrome; D014456:Ulcer / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods