title: Insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and glucosuria in intensively milk-fed calves.
abstract: In intensively milk-fed calves post-prandial glucose (G) and insulin (I) concentrations, but not preprandial G concentrations, increased or failed to decrease during the growth period, compared with data from calves that were progressively weaned. This study was, therefore, designed to investigate G and I metabolism in veal calves. Euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic and hyperglycemic clamps in the unfed state demonstrated mutual responsiveness of I and G, but revealed a relative I resistance. After feed consumption, I resistance was exaggerated, as seen by decreased G clearance rates after i.v. G and I administration in fed compared with unfed calves. Milk replacer is a source of readily available lactose, fat, and protein, the intake of which, on a kilogram.75 basis, gradually increased with age. Increased substrate availability and effects of nutrients themselves were probably responsible for elevated plasma concentrations of G and I and led to I resistance. Additionally, hyperglycemia > 1.5 g/L was followed by urinary excretion of G.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutritional Pathology, University, Berne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hostettler-Allen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tappy
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Blum
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004435:Eating; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique / Q000662:veterinary; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test / Q000662:veterinary; D006029:Glycosuria / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis; D007785:Lactose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007785:Lactose