Decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased antioxidant enzyme gene expression by omega-3 lipids in murine lupus nephritis.
Enrichment of diet with omega-3 lipid rich-menhaden fish oil (FO) when fed ad libitum to autoimmune lupus-prone NZB/NZW F1 (B/W) female mice delayed the onset and slowed progression of renal disease while significantly extending life-span compared to omega-6 lipid rich-corn oil (CO)-fed mice. Northern blot analysis of kidneys from FO-fed mice revealed no detectable levels of IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF alpha mRNA contrasted to levels that were easily detected in CO-fed mice. In contrast to the cytokines, FO-fed mice showed higher renal levels of the antioxidant enzymes-catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD)-mRNAs compared to CO-fed mice. The results suggest that dietary supplementation with FO, as compared to CO, inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and ameliorates immune-complex-mediated kidney injury possibly by enhancing the ability of cells to dispose of harmful reactive oxygen intermediates.
Chandrasekar
B
B
Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7874.
Fernandes
G
G
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002374:Catalase / Q000235:genetics; D003314:Corn Oil / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008181:Lupus Nephritis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003314:Corn Oil; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase