title: Frequent detection of codon 877 mutation in the androgen receptor gene in advanced prostate cancers.
abstract: Prostatic tissue specimens derived from transurethral resections of patients with metastatic prostate cancer were analyzed for genetic alterations in the hormone-binding domain of the androgen receptor (AR) gene. Direct sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction-derived DNAs of 6 of 24 specimens revealed a codon 877 mutation (ACT-->GCT, Thr-->Ala) in the hormone-binding domain of the AR gene. This same AR mutation has been reported previously in a metastatic prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP, where this mutation confers upon the AR an altered ligand-binding specificity which is stimulated by estrogens, progestagens, and antiandrogens. It is possible that analogous to an activated/altered growth factor receptor oncogene, codon 877 mutant AR with altered ligand binding may provide a selective growth advantage in the genesis of a subset of advanced prostate cancer. Although estrogens are used infrequently, antiandrogens are used increasingly in hormonal therapy for patients with advanced prostate cancer. The stimulatory effect of these therapeutic agents on the codon 877 mutant AR further suggests that this frequently observed AR mutation may contribute to the treatment refractory disease.
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307-5001.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gaddipati
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: McLeod
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Heidenberg
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Sesterhenn
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Finger
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Moul
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srivastava
mesh_terms: D003062:Codon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D011944:Receptors, Androgen