title: [Breast cancer--tamoxifen and tamoxifen analogues for the treatment of breast cancer].
abstract: Tamoxifen (20-40 mg/day) has been widely used for the treatment of breast cancer and is recognized as a useful antiestrogen. A 40 mg/day dose of toremifene showed comparable efficacy, safety and usefulness to a 20 mg/day dose of tamoxifen in the double-blind comparative study with tamoxifen. Furthermore, high-dose toremifene (120 mg/day) was effective on the tamoxifen-failed breast cancer patients. Although droloxifene (3-hydroxytamoxifen) showed efficacy and safety in phase I and phase II studies, this trial has regretably been ineffective in Japan. In phase I and early phase II trials in Japan, the safety and efficacy of TAT-59 was demonstrated and a 20 mg/day dose was moderate. Tamoxifen analogues including their metabolites are expected to act effectively on tamoxifen-resistant, low estrogen receptor levels or estrogen receptor-negative tumors by mechanisms of action different from tamoxifen.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Gunma University, School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iino
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morishita
mesh_terms: D001667:Binding, Competitive; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D017312:Toremifene / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D013629:Tamoxifen; C038345:droloxifene; C064635:TAT 59; D017312:Toremifene