[Trends of lung cancer incidence and its prognosis in Osaka, Japan].
Lung cancer incidence figures in Japan were estimated as 30,000 for males and 11,000 for females for 1989 and represented the second and the fifth leading site of cancer, respectively, according to the Research Group for Population-based Cancer Registration in Japan. It is also estimated that lung cancer will steadily increase in the future. In relative frequencies of the major histological types, squamous cell carcinoma showed a decreasing trend, while small as well as large cell carcinomas showed an increasing trend in Osaka. In the distribution of clinical staging, the proportion of localized cases accounted for only 20% of the lung cancers in 1990. Five-year relative survival rates for lung cancer were 11.3% for all patients and 43.0% for localized cases in Osaka in 1984-1986. The rates were reported as 13.5% and 36.6% for total patients and localized cases, respectively, among caucasians from the SEER Program, a NCI project including 10 population-based cancer registries in the US. No noticeable difference was observed between Japan and the US. To control lung cancer in Japan it is considered vitally important and urgent to develop (1) new examination methods for diagnosing lung cancer in the earlier stage, (2) an efficient and effective cessation campaign for cigarettes smoking and (3) non-smoking based education.
Hanai
A
A
Center for Adult Diseases, Osaka Dept. of Field Research.
Sobue
T
T
Tsukuma
H
H
Hiyama
T
T
Fujimoto
I
I
D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000639:trends; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D012042:Registries; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D015996:Survival Rate