title: [Heterogeneity of the anterior and middle talar articular faces of calcaneus and their associated ligaments in the human foot].
abstract: The human talocalcaneonavicular joint was dissected and structural heterogeneity of their articular faces and associated ligaments were observed. The facies articulatio talaris anterior and media were either separated from each other (separate type), bordered by narrowing (constricted type) or continuous without any border (continuous type). In the separate type, the superficial layer of plantar calcaneonavicular ligament entered the grave between the anterior and middle articular faces. In the constricted type, the superficial layer of plantar calcaneonavicular ligament entered the neck of two articular faces from the medial side, and a part of the calcaneonavicular interosseous talocalcaneo ligament entered the neck from the lateral side. In the continuous type, the deep layer of calcaneonavicular ligament attached to the base of these articular faces. Furthermore, we observed mobility of the talotarsal joint, and found tendencies that feet of the separate type showed the smallest mobility and those of continuous type the largest mobility. It was concluded that the structure of the articular faces of the talocalcaneonavicular joint were variable and were correlated not only with the structure of their associated ligaments, but also with their mobility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007596:Joints / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008023:Ligaments, Articular / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D013380:Subtalar Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology