title: Coronary artery disease is highly prevalent among patients with premature peripheral vascular disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to document the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and associated cardiac complications among patients with symptoms of premature peripheral vascular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied the peripheral and coronary arterial circulations of 59 consecutive male military veterans diagnosed with premature peripheral vascular disease (age of onset < or = 45 years) affecting the lower extremity. Patients who had not previously undergone coronary angiography underwent exercise stress testing. Patients unable to perform exercise testing and those with abnormal exercise test results underwent coronary angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no evidence of CAD in 16 patients (29%) on the basis of normal exercise test results (n = 12) or normal coronary angiography results (n = 4). Forty-three patients (71%) had significant (> or = 50% lesion) CAD by coronary catheterization. Cardiac complications were frequent among the 43 patients. Eleven (65%) of the 17 patients with single-vessel CAD had previously documented myocardial infarctions, as did three (75%) of the four patients with two-vessel CAD and 18 (82%) of the 22 patients with three vessel or greater CAD. Three (18%) patients with one-vessel CAD had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty for symptoms, as had one patient (25%) with two-vessel CAD and 19 patients (86%) with three-vessel or greater CAD. Five patients died during the study period, four of myocardial infarction and one of stroke.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Premature peripheral atherosclerosis is associated with a high prevalence of CAD. Detection of CAD is important in this group, because cardiac complications are frequent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Dallas Veterans Administration Medical Center, TX.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Valentine
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Grayburn
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Eichhorn
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Clagett
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D002537:Intracranial Arteriosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D015995:Prevalence