title: SNF9007: a novel analgesic that acts simultaneously at delta 1, delta 2 and mu opioid receptors.
abstract: Intracerebroventricular administration of the synthetic cholecystokinin analog SNF9007 (Asp-Tyr-D-Phe-Gly-Trp-[NMe]-Nle-Asp-Phe-NH2) produced antinociception in the mouse hot-plate and warm water tail-flick tests. The mechanisms of its analgesic actions were assessed by administering antagonists selective for CCK (cholecystokinin octapeptide, sulfated)-A and CCK-B receptors, as well as specific antagonists for the mu opioid receptor (D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Arg-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH2, 1 microgram i.c.v.), the delta-1 opioid receptor [D-Ala2-Leu5,Cys6]enkephalin, 4.57 nmol i.c.v., 24 hr pretreatment), the delta-2 opioid receptor (naltrindole benzofuran, 25 pmol i.c.v.) and the kappa opioid receptor (nor-binaltorphimine, 10 mg/kg s.c.). The antinociceptive activity of SNF9007 was not a result of the activation of CCK receptors, as treatment with either CCK-A or CCK-B receptor antagonist was ineffective in blocking SNF9007 antinociception. Nor-binaltorphimine and naltrindole benzofuran were completely ineffective in blocking SNF9007 antinociception when administered alone or in combination. However, co-administration of delta-1 or delta-2 opioid receptor antagonists with the mu opioid receptor antagonist D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Arg-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH2 resulted in a dramatic reduction in analgesic responses to SNF9007. Furthermore, the co-administration of mu+delta-1 + delta-2 opioid receptor antagonists resulted in an even greater inhibition of SNF9007 antinociception (> 10-fold shift). We conclude that SNF9007 acts simultaneously at brain delta-1, delta-2 and mu opioid receptors to induce antinociceptive effects in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Houston Health Science Center.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Rosenfeld
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dafny
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Hruby
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bowden
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Cullinan
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Burks
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000700:Analgesics / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011949:Receptors, Cholecystokinin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D017465:Receptors, Opioid, delta / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects*; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011949:Receptors, Cholecystokinin; D017465:Receptors, Opioid, delta; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu; C085990:SNF 9007; D002766:Cholecystokinin