Formulation of inactivated influenza vaccines for providing effective cross-protection by intranasal vaccination in mice.
Attempts were made to formulate an inactivated influenza vaccine to provide effective cross-protection by intranasal vaccination in mice. Mice were immunized with a nasal site-restricted volume of various HA vaccines (split-product virus vaccines), prepared from some of the H1N1 subtype viruses which circulated in humans from 1934 to 1986, together with cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) as an adjuvant. Four weeks later, they were challenged intranasally with a lethal dose of the earliest H1N1 virus strain, A/PR/8/34 (PR8) or the latest virus strain, A/Yamagata/120/86 (Yamagata/86). The adjuvant-combined vaccines, prepared from drift H1N1 viruses, A/Kumamoto/37/79 and A/Bangkok/10/83, provided a higher degree of cross-protection against a challenge with Yamagata/86 than with PR8. A booster with another drift virus vaccine given 4 weeks after the primary vaccination increased the protection against Yamagata/86; the effect was higher when mice were vaccinated with a later strain as the second antigen than when boosted with PR8. These results suggest that vaccination with a later virus strain followed by another later strain in a two-dose nasal vaccination regimen gives effective cross-protection against the current epidemic virus strains.
Tamura
S
S
Department of Pathology, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan.
Asanuma
H
H
Ito
Y
Y
Yoshizawa
K
K
Nagamine
T
T
Aizawa
C
C
Kurata
T
T
D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D003429:Cross Reactions; D005260:Female; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology
D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated