UV-responsive element (TGACAACA) from rat fibroblasts to human melanomas.
When taken together, several lines of evidence suggest that the URE-bound proteins are associated with DNA replication. (1) A trans-acting factor of 60 kDa (which may include the 68-kDa URE-binding proteins) was found to be induced by UV and to mediate polyoma DNA replication; (2) the URE was able to compete for the binding of factors that promote polyoma replication in rodent cells; (3) URE-bound proteins are expressed to a higher extent at the S phase of the cell cycle; and (4) they are induced following treatment with aphidicholin. These observations may suggest that the URE may play a role in growth "release" (as opposed to growth "arrest") which would assist in restoring normal growth following DNA damage. It is clear that URE-bound proteins consist of multiple transcription factors, some of which are well characterized (i.e., jun, CREB, and fos families); however, it is likely that the growth release phenomenon we relate to is also mediated by (1) other members of these transcription factor families which have not been identified as yet and (2) a specific combination of known transcription factors which bind to this response element under certain circumstances. This hypothesis is outlined in the enclosed model (Fig. 3).
Ronai
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Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, American Health Foundation, Valhalla, New York 10595.
Rutberg
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Yang
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D000818:Animals; D004247:DNA / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004260:DNA Repair; D004261:DNA Replication; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D008545:Melanoma / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D051381:Rats; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D013014:SOS Response, Genetics; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
D004279:DNA, Viral; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D004247:DNA