title: Differential effects of hyperthermia on macrophage interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression.
abstract: The pyrogenic cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) appear in the circulation during infections and injuries, but TNF-alpha and IL-6 are regulated differently in macrophages. We compared the effects of elevated temperatures within the usual febrile range on the expression of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in vitro in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human macrophages derived from peripheral blood monocytes (HuMoM phi). During an 18-h incubation at 37 degrees C with 5 ng/ml LPS, these cells released 5,030 +/- 1,460 pg TNF-alpha/10(6) cells (means +/- SE) and 1,380 +/- 280 pg IL-6/10(6) cells. In LPS-stimulated HuMoM phi incubated at 40 degrees C, TNF-alpha release was almost completely inhibited (76 +/- 76 pg TNF-alpha/10(6) cells; P < 0.01 compared with LPS-stimulated HuMoM phi at 37 degrees C), but release of IL-6 was preserved (1,600 +/- 780 pg IL-6/10(6) cells). Western and Northern analyses showed that levels of TNF-alpha mRNA and cell-associated and secreted TNF-alpha protein were decreased, but IL-6 expression was unchanged at 40 degrees C in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Incubating HuMoM phi at 40 degrees did not alter their viability after 18 h but induced a 75-fold increase in levels of the inducible heat-shock protein 72 (HSP-72) mRNA in the face of a 56% inhibition in total protein synthesis. Our results show that IL-6 expression persisted at incubation temperatures in the upper end of the physiological range that induced heat shock and attenuated the expression of functionally active TNF-alpha in LPS-stimulated HuMoM phi.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Ensor
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wiener
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: McCrea
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Viscardi
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Hasday
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005334:Fever / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha