title: The Ubc3 (Cdc34) ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme is ubiquitinated and phosphorylated in vivo.
abstract: The transition from G1 to S phase of the cell cycle in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires the activity of the Ubc3 (Cdc34) ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. S. cerevisiae cells lacking a functional UBC3 (CDC34) gene are able to execute the Start function that initiates the cell cycle but fail to form a mitotic spindle or enter S phase. The Ubc3 (Cdc34) enzyme has previously been shown to catalyze the attachment of multiple ubiquitin molecules to model substrates, suggesting that the role of this enzyme in cell cycle progression depends on its targeting an endogenous protein(s) for degradation. In this report, we demonstrate that the Ubc3 (Cdc34) protein is itself a substrate for both ubiquitination and phosphorylation. Immunochemical localization of the gene product to the nucleus renders it likely that the relevant substrates similarly reside within the nucleus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Goebl
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Goetsch
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Byers
mesh_terms: D064173:Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016193:G1 Phase; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D008025:Ligases / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010957:Plasmids; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D016196:S Phase; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D043743:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014452:Ubiquitins; C577449:CDC34 protein, S cerevisiae; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D043743:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes; D064173:Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D008025:Ligases