HIV-2 and SIV infection of nonprimate cell lines expressing human CD4: restrictions to replication at distinct stages.
Mouse, rat, rabbit, cat, and mink cell lines expressing human CD4 restrict entry of HIV-1 strains at the cell surface. We now report that CD4+ cat and rabbit cell lines are permissive to cell fusion induced by several HIV-2 and SIV strains. CD4+ rat and mouse cells are only sensitive to HIV-2 and SIV fusion in the presence of active amphotericin B. HIV-2 and SIV replicate in CD4+ cat and CD4+ mink cells, but not in the CD4+ rabbit, rat, or mouse cells. These latter cell lines poorly express a transfected DNA molecular clone of HIV-2 DNA. CD4+ rat cells are sensitive to entry by HIV-2 (HTLV-1) pseudotypes and also to HIV-2 if amphotericin B is present. Early reverse transcription then occurs without subsequent viral gene expression, but the fusion-sensitive CD4+ rabbit cells are not permissive for HIV-2 reverse transcription. Our observations demonstrate (i) that the cat and mink cell lines express everything required except human CD4 for entry and replication by several HIV-2 and SIV strains and (ii) that distinct postpenetration blocks to viral replication are evident in rabbit and rodent cell lines.
McKnight
A
A
Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
Clapham
P R
PR
Weiss
R A
RA
D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D002415:Cats; D002459:Cell Fusion / Q000187:drug effects; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D004261:DNA Replication; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D015486:HTLV-I Antigens / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008907:Mink; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000502:physiology*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014162:Transfection; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology*
D015704:CD4 Antigens; D004279:DNA, Viral; D015488:HIV Antigens; D015486:HTLV-I Antigens; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C076613:recombinant soluble CD4; D000666:Amphotericin B