title: Self-reported childhood abuse in an adult population in a primary care setting. Prevalence, correlates, and associated suicide attempts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the prevalence of childhood physical, sexual, and emotional abuse and suicide attempts in a sample of adult patients from a primary care setting and to examine the relationship between suicide attempts and a self-reported history of childhood abuse.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional sampling via a self-administered survey that included an abuse questionnaire, the Inventory to Diagnose Depression, and questions regarding suicide.
  
  
  METHODS
  University medical center family medicine practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample of patients aged 18 years and older presenting for care. Of the 778 patients approached, 448 patients (58%) consented and returned their surveys. We report only on the 292 surveys (38%) returned with complete information. Subjects were predominantly middle class and white, with a mean age of 37 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-four percent of the patients reported experience of childhood abuse, and 22% reported multiple forms of abuse. Eighteen percent of abused vs 3% of nonabused patients (P = .00001) reported a history of suicide attempts. Being female, younger, and less educated were associated with any abuse. Females reported more sexual abuse; less educated patients, more physical abuse; and younger patients, more physical and sexual abuse and suicide attempts. Odds ratios for suicide attempts, when adjusted by abuse status, were 6.4 for any abuse (95% confidence intervals [CI], 2.4 to 17.6), 4.1 for sexual abuse (95% CI, 1.7 to 9.9), 3.7 for emotional abuse (95% CI, 1.4 to 10.0), and 1.2 for physical abuse (95% CI, 0.5 to 3.1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A history of childhood abuse was a common experience in this sample. Patients with a history of abuse, particularly sexual and emotional abuse, are at increased risk of suicidal behavior. To facilitate more appropriate care and treatment, primary care practitioners should question patients regarding a history of abuse.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Gould
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Carlin
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Sowell
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gustafson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology*; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000523:psychology; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012650:Self Disclosure; D013406:Suicide, Attempted