Diet and coronary heart disease: beyond dietary fats and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol.
Traditionally, the effects of diet on coronary heart disease have been attributed to the effects of medium-chain fatty acids, soluble fiber, and dietary cholesterol on serum low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations. We review evidence here that many other dietary substances may affect risk, often via mechanisms not involving LDL-cholesterol concentrations directly. Such substances include phytosterols, tocotrienols, arginine, and antioxidant vitamins. The effects of diet on high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations, triglycerides (fasting and postprandial), oxidized LDL particles, prostaglandins, and endothelium-derived relaxing factor are described. Finally, an illustration of some epidemiologic associations between diet and coronary disease events is made from the Adventist Health Study data.
Fraser
G E
GE
Center for Health Research, Loma Linda University, School of Public Health, CA.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D002835:Christianity; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004032:Diet; D014676:Diet, Vegetarian; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology
D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002784:Cholesterol