title: Use of supplemental oxygen during bystander-initiated CPR.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of three methods by which rescuers can breathe supplemental oxygen to increase their delivered oxygen concentration (FDO2) during single-rescuer, bystander-initiated CPR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled, randomized, crossover study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Simulation in laboratory setting using a CPR manikin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen-volunteer convenience sample group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Volunteers trained only in basic life support performed ventilation only and full CPR on a CPR manikin using room air and each of three supplemental oxygen delivery methods: nasal cannula, oxygen supply tube, and demand valve. The volunteers received minimal instruction on how to use the supplemental oxygen delivery methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peak FDO2 and peak carbon dioxide concentration; American Heart Association-defined ventilation and CPR compression performance indices. The data were analyzed using Duncan's method of analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean peak FDO2 during ventilation-only/full CPR for the baseline (room air ventilation) and each supplemental oxygen delivery method (at specified flow rate) was: baseline (room air), -17.96% +/- 0.56%/16.77% +/- 0.56%; nasal cannula (at 10 L/min), -31.77% +/- 3.06%/27.01% +/- 3.68%; oxygen supply tubing (at 15 L/min), -36.82% +/- 9.93%/30.41% +/- 4.88%; and demand valve, -78.17% +/- 9.10%/68.22% +/- 7.10%. CPR performance was not hampered by the use of the supplemental oxygen methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of supplemental oxygen increases the rescuer's FDO2 during ventilation-only and full CPR without interfering with CPR performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Ohio State University Hospitals, Columbus.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Rottenberg
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dzwonczyk
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Reilley
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen