Effects of varying dietary fat, fish, and fish oils on blood lipids in a randomized controlled trial in men at risk of heart disease.
This study aimed to determine the effects of incorporating fish with 40%- or 30%-fat diets and the differences in response to fish or fish oil omega 3 fats. Men with high-normal blood pressure and elevated serum cholesterol were randomly allocated to one of seven diets for 12 wk. Fish or fish oil with a 40%-fat diet increased total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, HDL2 cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol, and reduced triglycerides. The 30%-fat diet alone reduced cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol, with triglycerides unchanged. Fish with the 30%-fat diet reduced cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides and increased HDL2 cholesterol. This study has shown that plasma lipids are affected similarly by fish or fish oil in men consuming a 40%-fat diet. Adverse effects of omega 3 fats on total and LDL cholesterol are reversed by a 30%-fat diet, whereas one daily fish meal substantially lowers triglycerides and reverses the fall in HDL cholesterol that is usual with a low-fat diet.
Mori
T A
TA
Department of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital.
Vandongen
R
R
Beilin
L J
LJ
Burke
V
V
Morris
J
J
Ritchie
J
J
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005399:Fishes; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol