title: Breastfeeding practices and lactation mastitis.
abstract: Clinical impression suggests that lactation mastitis is associated with inexperienced nursers, improper nursing techniques, stress and fatigue. A pilot study was conducted to describe the frequency of self-reported breastfeeding practices during the first week post partum among 100 breastfeeding women delivering at a freestanding birthing center or participating in an early discharge program. Nine cases of lactation mastitis were identified from the survey population and an additional 8 from the target population for the survey. Seventeen controls matched by delivery date were identified from survey participants. The frequency of self-reported breastfeeding practices, the presence of fatigue and stress during the week prior to the mastitis date in the case was compared among cases and controls. In the first week post partum, most women fed their babies every 2-3 hr for approx. 20 min a feeding. The cradle or Madonna position was the most frequently used nursing position. Nine percent reported supplementing feedings with formula. Women with mastitis were more likely than controls to report a history of mastitis with a previous child. In the week prior to the mastitis date of the case, women with mastitis were more likely than controls to report breast or nipple pain and cracks or breast fissures. They were less likely to report being able to take a daytime nap. Future studies should focus on the relative importance of and interrelationships among these factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Foxman
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Looman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008413:Mastitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011187:Posture; D012650:Self Disclosure