title: Forestomach and whole tract digestion in lactating dairy cows fed canola meal treated with variable levels of acetic acid.
abstract: Five Holstein cows in midlactation were fed four isonitrogenous (mean 2.76% N) mixed diets containing untreated canola meal or replaced with canola meal treated with 0, 33, 67, or 100% of acetic acid in a 12-wk 4 x 4 Latin square experiment. Diets were 50% barely-based concentrate, 12% canola meal, 30% whole crop oat silage, and 8% alfalfa silage (DM basis). Fore-stomach and whole tract apparent digestibilities of DM, OM, and its components, including fiber and CP, did not differ as proportions of treated canola meal increased. Rumen pool sizes of OM, NDF, and bacterial OM, as well as total NAN and bacterial N, were not influenced by treatment, although bacterial N pool size tended to decline as treated canola meal replaced untreated. This result was consistent with a trend for reduced flow of bacterial N at the duodenum. Duodenal flow of AA protein, and its profile, was not influenced by treatment. Results suggest that low level replacement of untreated canola meal with canola meal treated with acetic acid stimulated microbial growth by providing more sustained delivery of slowly degraded true protein. However, at higher substitution, the rumen microbial pool was reduced progressively, perhaps because of a shortage of readily fermentable N. This hypothesis, although not consistent with all data, seems to be the most plausible explanation for all observations, although it is clear that differences in both digestion and duodenal flow, particularly for protein, attributable to replacement of untreated canola meal by that treated with acetic acid were moderate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Khorasani
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kennelly
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology; D019342:Acetic Acid; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D001937:Brassica; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D005527:Food, Fortified; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007774:Lactation; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D019342:Acetic Acid