Maternal expressed emotion in conduct and emotional disorders of childhood.
Maternal expressed emotion (EE) scales were rated for children aged 6-11 with conduct disorders, emotional disorders and a group of non-referred children matched for sex and age (N = 30 in each of the three groups). Maternal warmth distinguished significantly between the three groups (CD < ED < Controls), while criticism distinguished the group of conduct disordered children. Maternal criticism was positively associated with child behaviour ratings even within the non-referred group. These observational ratings of warmth and criticism were found to be much more strongly associated with child behaviour than maternal ratings of their family environment.
Vostanis
P
P
Queen Elizabeth Psychiatric Hospital, Birmingham, U.K.
Nicholls
J
J
Harrington
R
R
D000328:Adult; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006791:Hostility; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D010552:Personality Assessment; D012931:Social Environment