title: [The occurrence of puparium parasitoids as natural enemies of house flies].
abstract: Investigations on the pupal parasitoid complex of the house fly Musca domestica L. and its seasonal occurrence were carried out, mainly in the Land Brandenburg, during 1987-1990. Samples of about 500-1,500 puparia were collected at irregular from composted calf dung at Ruhlsdorf, a pig farm at Wittbrietzen, and from straw calf bedding at Beelitz. The rates of parasitism varied considerably between seasons and years, as well as stable types and dung managements. The highest level of parasitism was 47%, the lowest fly emergence about 7%. The average total parasitism at Ruhlsdorf in successive years was 20.9%, 4.7%, 14.0% and 7.3%, respectively. The dominant parasitoids were Muscidifurax raptor Gir. & Sand., Spalangia cameroni Perkins and S. nigroaenea Curtis. Phygadeuon fumator Grav. was less common. Spalangia nigra Latr., S. subpunctata Förster, Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) and larvae of Aleochara spp. were rare. The proportion of diapausing larvae of Spalangia spp. increased steadily from mid-June onwards but was highest from September through to the end of November. Superparasitism was most common in M. raptor, up to 8.1%. Multiparasitism occurred in 12.8% of total parasitism, mostly in associations between M. raptor and Spalangia spp. Up to three individuals of these solitary parasitoids were found in single host puparia.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Wasser-, Boden- und Lufthygiene, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Klunker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006793:Houseflies / Q000469:parasitology*; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000469:parasitology*; D007313:Insecta / Q000502:physiology*; D007814:Larva / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D011679:Pupa / Q000469:parasitology
vernacular_title: Zum Auftreten von Pupariumparasitoiden als natürliche Feinde von Stallfliegen.