title: Paramyxovirus mediated cell fusion requires co-expression of both the fusion and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoproteins.
abstract: Syncytia formation in either CV-1 or HeLa T4+ cells required recombinant expression of both fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoproteins from the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3), human parainfluenza virus type 2 (HPIV2), and simian virus 5 (SV5). In this system, recombinant T7 transcription vectors (pT7-5 or pGEM) containing F or HN, were transfected individually or in combination into cells previously infected with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing T7 RNA polymerase (vTF7-3). While both proteins were processed and expressed at the cell surface, syncytia formation occurred only when both glycoproteins were co-expressed. The function of HN in the fusion process could not be replaced using lectins or by co-expression of heterologous F and HN proteins. Further, cell fusion was not observed when experiments were performed using individually expressed F and HN proteins in adjacent cells. The data presented in this report support the notion that a specific interaction between both paramyxoviral glycoproteins is required for the formation of syncytia in tissue culture monolayers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 442195.
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Heminway
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Galinski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D001483:Base Sequence; D002459:Cell Fusion; D002460:Cell Line; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D015726:Giant Cells; D015707:HN Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D037102:Lectins / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010223:Parainfluenza Virus 2, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D010224:Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018108:Respirovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000235:genetics; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015707:HN Protein; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D037102:Lectins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins; C072983:F protein, parainfluenza virus 3