title: Inhaled furosemide attenuates hyperpnea-induced obstruction and intra-airway thermal gradients.
abstract: Inhaled furosemide attenuates exercise- and isocapnic hyperventilation-induced asthma; however, the mechanism for this phenomenon is unknown. Because the magnitude of the intra-airway thermal gradient that develops between the cooling of hyperpnea and the rewarming that occurs once hyperventilation ceases is directly related to the severity of thermally induced obstruction in humans, we wondered if furosemide blunted these temperature changes. To explore this issue, eight asthmatic subjects had tracheobronchial airstream temperature measures as they performed isocapnic hyperventilation with frigid air alone (HV) or with pretreatment with inhaled saline (S + HV) or 45 +/- 3 (SE) mg of furosemide (F + HV). HV and S + HV resulted in similar degrees of obstruction, whereas the mechanical decrements after F + HV were significantly less. In concert with this protective effect, F + HV resulted in less airstream cooling during hyperventilation and slower rewarming in the recovery period. Because the major source of heat to the airways is provided by its microcirculation, inhaled furosemide may be acting as a topical vasodilator serving to enhance heat availability and thus reducing the effective thermal burden of hyperpnea.
authors.affiliation: Airway Disease Center, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Ohio.
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Lenner
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Wolin
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fouke
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000328:Adult; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001249:Asthma / Q000503:physiopathology; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D005665:Furosemide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006985:Hyperventilation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000187:drug effects*; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D005665:Furosemide