title: Intrahepatic biliary strictures after liver transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence, cholangiographic features, causes, and management of intrahepatic biliary strictures in hepatic transplants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over a 12-year period, cholangiography was performed in 1,590 liver allografts. Confirmed cases of stricture were evaluated and correlated with clinical variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intrahepatic biliary strictures occurred in 130 of 1,590 grafts (8.2%). Strictures were multiple in 99 grafts (76.2%) and single in 31 (23.8%). Locations were the common hepatic duct bifurcation in 46 grafts (35.4%), the peripheral ducts in 44 (33.8%), and both in 40 (30.8%). Strictures caused mild to moderate bile duct dilatation in 72 grafts (55.4%), marked dilatation in 11 (8.5%), and obstruction in four (3.1%). Hepatic artery occlusion, pretransplantation primary sclerosing cholangitis, choledochojejunostomy, use of Euro-Collins organ preservation solution, cholangitis at liver biopsy, and young age were statistically significantly associated with strictures (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Strictures have multiple causes and may be an important indicator of underlying abnormalities. They often require interventional radiologic or surgical treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213.
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Zajko
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abu-Elmagd
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Demetris
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000637:transplantation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies