title: Comparative skin testing with PPD tuberculin, Mycobacterium avium and M. scrofulaceum sensitin in schoolchildren in Saudi Arabia.
abstract: METHODS
  Jizan region, Saudi Arabia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test methodology for studies of tuberculin sensitivity and effectiveness of BCG vaccination programme.
  
  
  METHODS
  School children (n = 315) aged 6-12 years simultaneously tested intradermally with PPD tuberculin RT23, 2TU and 0.1 microgram Mycobacterium avium or M. scrofulaceum sensitin. Presence of BCG scar as evidence of previous BCG vaccination. Cervical lymph nodes palpated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BCG coverage was 75%. The prevalences of positive reactions (induration > or = 6 mm) were higher among children with than without scar. Prevalences of positive reactions to PPD and M. scrofulaceum sensitin were higher among girls than boys. In children with scar, the mean size of positive reactions to PPD was larger among girls than boys, and the prevalence of positive reactions was smaller in this group among children with than without palpable cervical lymph nodes. The sizes of reactions both to M. avium and to M. scrofulaceum sensitin were correlated to the size of the tuberculin reactions. Previous admission to hospital was reported less often by children with than without scar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The technique applied and training of staff was satisfactory. In further studies, however, we will apply three simultaneous tests to each person.
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Central Hospital, Jizan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hakim
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lüneborg-Nielsen
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Bentzon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Magnusson
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ageel
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zakaria
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saleem
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bakdash
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009162:Mycobacterium avium / Q000276:immunology*; D015359:Mycobacterium scrofulaceum / Q000276:immunology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012737:Sex Factors; D012882:Skin Tests / Q000379:methods; D014374:Tuberculin Test
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001500:BCG Vaccine; C012031:sensitin