title: Expression of human nm23-H1 and nm23-H2 proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The expression of nm23-H1 and nm23-H2 proteins in 25 hepatocellular carcinomas was studied immunohistochemically.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue specimens were reacted with anti-human nm23-H1 and nm23-H2 monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) (H1-229 and H2-206, respectively) and then stained by the biotin-streptoavidin complex method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adjacent nontumorous tissues were intensely stained with nm23-H1 and nm23-H2. Of the 25 hepatocellular carcinomas, 60% were positive for MoAb H1-229, and 68% were positive for MoAb H2-206. These immunoreactivities were most common in the cytoplasm of tumor cells. There was no significant correlation between the expression of nm23-H1 protein and tumor size, Edmondson's histopathologic classification, or invasion of the capsule. However, the authors observed an inverse relationship between nm23-H1 expression and intrahepatic metastases of hepatocellular carcinomas. There was no significant correlation between the expression of nm23-H2 protein and clinicopathologic findings. Only a short survival period was observed in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with reduced nm23-H1 or nm23-H2 proteins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that nm23-H1 protein plays a role in the suppression of intrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma and that the combined expression of nm23-H1 is associated with favorable prognosis.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Fukui Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niimoto
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nakagawara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiku
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D014157:Transcription Factors; C517938:NME1 protein, human; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins