title: Graves ophthalmopathy. Results of transantral orbital decompression performed primarily for cosmetic indications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transantral orbital decompression is effective treatment for excessive proptosis and optic neuropathy due to Graves ophthalmopathy. In these sight-threatening circumstances, patients willingly accept the side effects of orbital decompression. When transantral orbital decompression is performed for cosmetic indications, patients' acceptance of side effects may be different. This study reports detailed results of transantral decompression for 34 patients in whom the indications were primarily cosmetic.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 34 patients with Graves ophthalmopathy who had transantral orbital decompression primarily for cosmetic indications were reviewed. Preoperative and postoperative physical features of the eyes were compared. Long-term assessment was formulated from follow-up examination and a follow-up questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most notable improvement was in the reduction of proptosis (mean decrease, 5.2 mm). The frequency of asymmetry of proptosis, however, did not improve. Asymmetry was more than 1 mm in 44% of patients preoperatively and in 54% postoperatively. Although the palpebral fissure was decreased by an average of 2.7 mm, upper lid retraction became worse in 12 (43%) of 28 eyes. Of 15 patients who had no diplopia preoperatively, continuous diplopia developed postoperatively in 73%. The patients underwent a total of 37 eye muscle operations and 31 eyelid operations after decompression. Of 29 patients who responded to a long-term follow-up questionnaire, 69% were satisfied with the appearance of the eyes and 31% found it acceptable. No patient was dissatisfied. Symptomatic diplopia was present in 6.9% of patients at the time of the follow-up questionnaire.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transantral orbital decompression performed for cosmetic indications in Graves ophthalmopathy may need to be followed by eye muscle and lid operations. These procedures result in a high degree of patient satisfaction. However, a small percentage of patients experience persistent diplopia, despite multiple eye muscle procedures.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, Canada.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fatourechi
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Garrity
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Bartley
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Bergstralh
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: DeSanto
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Gorman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D009915:Orbit / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D013518:Surgery, Plastic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014792:Visual Acuity