title: Adrenal adenocarcinoma: a review of 53 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fifty-three patients (30 men, 23 women) with histologically proven adrenal carcinoma were reviewed. Nineteen (36%) had endocrine manifestations from functioning tumors. Arteriography was positive in 95% (19/20), CT scan in 94% (17/18), and ultrasound in 92% (12/13). Seventy-six percent of the patients, at the time of diagnosis, were stage III and IV. Most common metastatic sites were the liver, lymph nodes, bone, and lungs. Local recurrence developed in 39% of cases (15/38).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one patients underwent an operation. Complete surgical removal of all gross tumor was achieved in 24 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall median survival time was 8 months, and the estimated 5-year survival rate 19%. There were significant differences in survival between the various stages (P = 0.01) and between the group of patients who underwent complete excision of the tumor and those with incomplete resection (P = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Complete surgical excision offers the best prospect for long-term survival in localized adrenal carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263.
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Zografos
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Driscoll
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Karakousis
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Huben
mesh_terms: D000306:Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D018268:Adrenocortical Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors