Synthesis and transport of glutathione by cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells.
OBJECTIVE
To characterize synthesis and transport of glutathione (GSH) by cultured human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells.


METHODS
Cultured human RPE cells were depleted of glutathione, then incubated with various concentrations of cysteine, glutamate, and glycine or with glutathione. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to measure intracellular glutathione with time.


RESULTS
After depletion with diethylmaleate, intracellular glutathione was resynthesized from the amino acid precursors within 60 minutes. The addition of buthionine sulfoximine, a known inhibitor of GSH synthesis, completely eliminated the observed increase. Similar incubation with exogenous GSH failed to increase the intracellular GSH concentration.


CONCLUSIONS
Cultured human RPE cells are able to rapidly synthesize glutathione from exogenously administered amino acids, but they are incapable of direct GSH uptake.
Davidson
P C
PC
Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322.
Sternberg
P
P
Jones
D P
DP
Reed
R L
RL
D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000494:pharmacology; D001692:Biological Transport; D019328:Buthionine Sulfoximine; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005978:Glutathione / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008717:Methionine Sulfoximine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
D000596:Amino Acids; D000963:Antimetabolites; D008717:Methionine Sulfoximine; D019328:Buthionine Sulfoximine; D005978:Glutathione