title: Chloroquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine sensitivity in Burkina Faso. In vivo sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine in Burkina Faso.
abstract: Plasmodium falciparum susceptibility to chloroquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine was investigated in children living in an urban district of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, in August 1992. A modified WHO Standard Field in vivo test was used, with follow-up on days 2, 4, 7, and 14 after treatment with 25 mg chloroquine per kg body weight given over 3 days, or with standard doses of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine in children from 2 to 8 years old with P. falciparum monospecific infection, asexual parasitaemia > 800/microliters of blood and negative Bergqvist and Lignin urine tests. Out of a total of 515 children screened, 152 were selected and randomized into treatment with chloroquine (86 children) or sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (66 children). With the chloroquine regimen, parasitaemia did not clear by day 7 in 7 cases (8.1%), and there was recurrence of parasitaemia in 21 subjects (24.4%) on day 14, while all the children who had received sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine were fully sensitive on day 7 and day 14. It can be concluded that sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine is a good alternative for the treatment of falciparum malaria in areas of Burkina Faso with established chloroquine resistance.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Del Nero
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nebie
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soudouem
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pietra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002050:Burkina Faso; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects*; D011739:Pyrimethamine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013413:Sulfadoxine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014504:Urban Health
chemical_list: D013413:Sulfadoxine; D002738:Chloroquine; D011739:Pyrimethamine