title: Relationship of hyperinsulinemia to dietary intake in south Asian and European men.
abstract: In South Asians (Indians, Pakistanis, and Bangladeshis) settled overseas, high rates of coronary disease and non-insulin-dependent diabetes occur in association with central obesity and insulin resistance. To examine whether these disturbances were related to diet, we measured 7-d weighed intakes in 173 South Asian and European men aged 40-69 y in London. In South Asians compared with Europeans, respectively, mean energy intake was lower (9.5 vs 10.8 MJ/day, P < 0.001), total fat intake was lower (36.5% vs 39.2% of energy intake, P = 0.007), starch intake was higher (28.0% vs 21.5% of energy, P < 0.001), polyunsaturated fatty acid intake was higher (8.2% vs 7.0% of energy, P = 0.02), and dietary fiber intake was higher (3.2 vs 2.0 g/MJ, P < 0.001). Elevated serum insulin concentrations at 2 h postglucose were associated positively with carbohydrate intake (P = 0.001) and inversely with alcohol intake (P = 0.006), but not with saturated fatty acid intake. The high coronary risk in South Asian people is not explained by any unfavorable characteristic of South Asian diets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sevak
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: McKeigue
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Marmot
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000208:ethnology; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D002149:Energy Intake; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005060:Europe; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan / Q000208:ethnology; D013213:Starch / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D007328:Insulin; D000431:Ethanol; D013213:Starch