title: The effects of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, forskolin, and theophylline on motility parameters in gossypol-treated human sperm.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of gossypol on human sperm in vitro and the mechanism for the effect.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fresh sperm ejaculates obtained from normal donors to the University of Kentucky Andrology Donor Program were exposed to gossypol. Motility was studied manually and using computer-assisted sperm analysis. In subsequent experiments, the effects of forskolin, theophylline, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) on sperm motion were measured.
  
  
  METHODS
  University of Kentucky Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Andrology Laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Manual and computer-assisted measurements of sperm motility and motion characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gossypol inhibited sperm motility, which could be reversed partially by increasing cAMP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gossypol exposure in vitro adversely affects sperm motility in a dose- and time-dependent manner by a cAMP-dependent mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536-0084.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Cowart
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: London
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Vernon
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Pedigo
mesh_terms: D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006072:Gossypol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013806:Theophylline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005576:Colforsin; D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; D013806:Theophylline; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D006072:Gossypol