title: Human envenomation from a wandering garter snake.
abstract: Garter snake bites are generally innocuous to human beings. We report a case of human envenomation from the Wandering Garter snake (Thamnophis elegans vagrans). The patient, who was bitten on his right third fingertip, rapidly developed local edema, ecchymosis, and hemorrhagic vesicles. Systemic signs and symptoms did not develop. The clinical picture was similar to that in three previous patients with Thamnophis envenomation in that clinical signs followed a prolonged bite. Thamnophis species have Duvernoy's glands, which may be analogous to venom glands in Crotalidae (pit viper) species. The progressive local effects produced by secretions of these glands may be confused with early Crotalidae envenomation.
authors.affiliation: Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center, Denver General Hospital, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center.
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McKinney
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brent
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D017812:Colubridae / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012909:Snake Bites / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy