title: Effect of perioperative chemoimmunotherapy with cyclophosphamide and autologous tumor vaccine in murine MBT-2 bladder cancer.
abstract: The in vitro cytotoxic activity of splenocytes from C3H/He mice implanted subcutaneously with 10(6) syngeneic MBT-2 tumor cells on day 0 was significantly enhanced after cyclophosphamide (100 mg./kg., intraperitoneally) given 2 days before tumor resection on day 17, with or without active specific immunization with BCG plus autologous irradiated tumor cells (vaccine) 1 week after tumor resection. Furthermore, a significantly lower tumor incidence was seen in mice challenged with 10(5), but not 10(6), tumor cells per mouse 24 hours after tumor resection on day 17 and treated with cyclophosphamide on day 15 and postoperatively with vaccine than was found in nontreated tumor resected mice. Phenotypic analysis of cells from spleen showed that cyclophosphamide pretreatment and postoperative vaccine, either singly or in combination, induced a significant increase of both CD44+ memory T cells and CD11b+ myeloid/macrophage cells. Thus, in addition to a specific antitumor immune response, a nonspecific cytolytic mechanism may also play a role in the observed antitumor effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263.
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Tzai
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Huben
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zaleskis
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Berleth
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ehrke
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mihich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D011300:Preoperative Care; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000276:immunology / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000637:transplantation; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D014612:Vaccines; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D014612:Vaccines; D003520:Cyclophosphamide