title: Endothelin production in pulmonary circulation of patients with mitral stenosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although plasma endothelin concentrations are elevated in patients with pulmonary hypertension, the precise sites of endothelin production have not been defined. We investigated the endothelin production in the pulmonary circulation of patients with mitral stenosis and its effects on pulmonary vascular tone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We measured plasma concentrations of endothelin-1, angiotensin II, and thrombomodulin in blood samples obtained from the right and left atria of 10 consecutive patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis (mean age, 55 years; range, 39 to 68) who were undergoing percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty. Plasma levels of endothelin-1 were significantly higher in the left atrium than in the right atrium (3.25 +/- 0.45 versus 2.53 +/- 0.36 pg/mL, mean +/- SE, P < .001). The increased plasma endothelin-1 level in the left atrium, which reflected endothelin-1 production in the pulmonary circulation, was correlated with mean pulmonary artery pressure (r = .65, P = .04), mean pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (r = .67, P = .03), total pulmonary resistance (r = .68, P = .03), and 1/mitral valve area (r = .85, P = .002) but not with pulmonary vascular resistance (r = .04, P = .91). There were no significant differences in plasma levels of angiotensin II and thrombomodulin between the right and left atria (angiotensin II, 16.40 +/- 3.08 versus 15.50 +/- 4.85 pg/mL; thrombomodulin, 2.96 +/- 0.34 versus 2.85 +/- 0.37 ng/mL).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endothelin-1 production is increased in the pulmonary circulation of patients with mitral stenosis in response to increased pulmonary artery pressure but is not directly related to increased pulmonary vascular tone in this disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mito
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sekiguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000097:blood; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002404:Catheterization; D016232:Endothelins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000503:physiopathology; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D012214:Rheumatic Heart Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D018180:Thrombomodulin / Q000032:analysis; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D018180:Thrombomodulin; D000804:Angiotensin II