title: Intrathoracic photodynamic therapy: a canine normal tissue tolerance study and early clinical experience.
abstract: Surgery with intraoperative photodynamic therapy (PDT) has the potential to improve the treatment of pleural malignancies. Before embarking on such treatment in humans, however, thoracic tissue tolerance to PDT was studied. For each of three (1 week, 1 month, and 6 month) study end-points, one control (no Photofrin II [PII]) and four treated animals underwent thoracotomy 72 hours after I.V. injection (6 mg/kg) PII. Red light (630 nm) was delivered (5-40 J/cm2) to the pleural surface (1 cm diameter) of selected thoracic organs. No clinical differences were observed between PDT and control dogs. The control showed no histological changes; however, in the treated animals focal areas of coagulation necrosis were found at 1 week which progressed to fibrosis at 1 month. The extent and depth of injury was proportional to light dose. The lung was the most sensitive; the chest wall was the most resistant. Myocardium had superficial damage, whereas coronary arteries appeared normal. The results provide the basis for proceeding to phase I human trials in the evaluation of PDT as an intraoperative adjuvant treatment in the management of pleural malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: Z A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Tochner
authors.forename: H I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Pass
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: DeLaney
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sprague
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: DeLuca
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Harrington
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Terrill
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bacher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D017323:Dihematoporphyrin Ether / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006414:Hematoporphyrin Photoradiation; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D008297:Male; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D010994:Pleura / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010997:Pleural Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D013908:Thoracotomy
chemical_list: D017323:Dihematoporphyrin Ether