title: Partial replacement of saturated fatty acids with almonds or walnuts lowers total plasma cholesterol and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol.
abstract: Sixteen normolipidemic male volunteers aged 41 +/- 9 y (mean +/- SD) consumed a diet providing 36% of energy as fat (92 g fat/d) for 9 wk. A daily supplement of nuts (providing half of the total fat intake) was provided against a common background diet. In the first 3-wk period the background diet was supplemented with raw peanuts (50 g/d), coconut cubes (40 g/d), and a coconut confectionary bar (50 g/d), designed to provide 47 g fat with a ratio of polyunsaturated to monounsaturated to saturated fatty acids (P:M:S) to match the Australian diet (reference diet). During the following 3 wk the background diet was supplemented with monounsaturated fatty acid-rich raw almonds (84 g/d), equivalent to 46 g fat, and during the final 3-wk period the background diet was supplemented with polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich walnuts (68 g/d), equivalent to 46 g fat. Compared with the reference diet there were significant reductions in total and LDL cholesterol, 7% and 10%, respectively, after supplementation with almonds, and 5% and 9%, respectively, after supplementation with walnuts.
authors.affiliation: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Division of Human Nutrition, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abbey
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noakes
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Belling
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Nestel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009754:Nuts
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D002784:Cholesterol