title: Fetal liver length in diabetic pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to investigate whether liver size is increased in the fetuses of pregnant women with diabetes and whether there is any relationship between fetal liver size and maternal glycemic control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty pregnant women with diabetes had ultrasonographic measurement of fetal liver length made at 18, 28, and 36 weeks' gestation. Twenty-four obese, nondiabetic women were studied at 36 weeks as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fetal liver length measurements were significantly greater than normal by 18 weeks' gestation (12% above normal mean values; p < 0.001) and increased further (19%, p < 0.02) by 36 weeks. In the obese controls liver length was increased 9% and was significantly lower than in the diabetic subjects (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fetal liver size in increased in pregnant women with diabetes and cannot be explained solely by maternal obesity. The major increase in liver size occurs early in pregnancy but appears to be modifiable by glycemic control later in gestation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Auckland University Medical School, National Women's Hospital, New Zealand.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cundy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D019270:Fructosamine; D006595:Hexosamines / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology*; D009765:Obesity; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000097:blood; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006595:Hexosamines; D019270:Fructosamine