title: Differential expression of ZAP-70 and Syk protein tyrosine kinases, and the role of this family of protein tyrosine kinases in TCR signaling.
abstract: TCR stimulation results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of a number of cellular substrates. We have recently identified a 70-kDa protein tyrosine kinase, ZAP-70, which associates with the human TCR zeta-chain after TCR stimulation. We report here the isolation and sequence of a cDNA clone that encodes murine ZAP-70. Murine and human ZAP-70 share 93% amino acid identity and are homologous to the 72-kDa protein tyrosine kinase Syk. Syk has been implicated in the signal transduction pathways of the B cell membrane Ig and high affinity IgE receptors, Fc epsilon RI. In addition, we examined the tissue distribution of ZAP-70 and Syk in human and murine thymocyte subsets, B cells, and peripheral T cell subsets. ZAP-70 protein is expressed in all major thymocyte populations, with the level of expression being comparable to that found in both CD4+ and CD8+ peripheral T cells. Although Syk protein is also present in all thymocyte subsets, expression of Syk protein is down-regulated threefold to fourfold in peripheral T cells. In contrast to ZAP-70, expression of Syk is 12- to 15-fold higher in peripheral B cells when compared with peripheral T cells. In addition, whereas T cell stimulation results in down-regulation of Lck, no significant change in ZAP-70 or Syk protein is detected. Finally, we provide evidence that both ZAP-70 and Syk can associate with the TCR after TCR stimulation. With the use of a heterologous expression system, we show that, like ZAP-70, Syk is dependent upon a Src-family protein tyrosine kinase for association with the phosphorylated zeta-chain. Thus, the differential expression of these kinases suggests the possibility of different roles for ZAP-70 and Syk in TCR signaling and thymic development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco 94143.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: van Oers
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Turka
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004792:Enzyme Precursors / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011817:Rabbits; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000072377:Syk Kinase; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000737:chemistry; D051746:ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004792:Enzyme Precursors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C000606896:SYK protein, human; D000072377:Syk Kinase; C000606897:Syk protein, mouse; D051746:ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase; C497261:ZAP70 protein, human; C497262:Zap70 protein, mouse