title: Retrograde cardioplegia: when and how. A review.
abstract: With the introduction of balloon catheters enabling blind transatrial cannulation of the coronary sinus, retrograde cardioplegia is gaining increasing popularity. In several situations retrograde cardioplegia offers distinct technical advantages. Although not yet clinically documented, some patient subgroups with severe coronary stenoses/occlusion may probably benefit from retrograde cardioplegia. This technique is a valuable addendum to the technical repertoire of cardiac surgeons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vaage
mesh_terms: D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans