title: Tubal sterilization by selective catheterization in an animal model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The feasibility of tubal occlusion by selective salpingography was tested in an animal model; three novel occluding materials also were tested for this application.
  
  
  METHODS
  Unilateral selective salpingography was performed in three groups of six rabbits; fallopian tubes were embolized with ethanol (group 1), a hydrogel (group 2), or an occluding emulsion (Ethibloc, Laboratoire Princeps, Neuilly sur Seine, France) (group 3). Animals were killed 2 days or 30 days after the procedure, according to randomization; tubal patency and histologic modifications were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Selective tubal catheterization was obtained in 100% of the cases. In group 1, no satisfactory occlusion was obtained; in group 2, 65% of the tubes were occluded with little histologic damage; in group 3, 80% of the tubes were occluded, but significant inflammation and tissue necrosis were noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Selective salpingography proved a suitable method for gaining access to the fallopian tube and allowed selective injection of occluding materials. More research is needed to determine a suitable occluding material, focusing on biocompatibility and on long-term efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Imagerie Medicale, C.M.C. Beausoleil, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maubon
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Rouanet
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laurent
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Joujoux
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cover
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Courtieu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wassef
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Godlewski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Honiger
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Lopez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002404:Catheterization; D003973:Diatrizoate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000473:pathology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D007047:Hysterosalpingography; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011817:Rabbits; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D011897:Random Allocation; D013246:Sterilization, Tubal / Q000379:methods*; D015028:Zein / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D005227:Fatty Acids; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D003973:Diatrizoate; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D000431:Ethanol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D015028:Zein; C020481:alcoholic prolamine solution