title: Regulation of IL-1 alpha expression in human keratinocytes: transcriptional activation of the IL-1 alpha gene by TNF-alpha, LPS, and IL-1 alpha.
abstract: Epidermal epithelial cells (keratinocytes) produce IL-1 alpha potentially relevant for mechanisms of microbial invasion, inflammation, immunological reactions, and tissue injury in the skin. We investigated the regulation of IL-1 alpha expression by human keratinocytes. RIA showed that TNF-alpha, LPS, and PMA caused a marked accumulation of IL-1 alpha Ag in keratinocyte lysates and supernatants after 2 h of exposure. Northern blot analyses demonstrated that TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, and LPS transiently increased the steady-state levels of IL-1 alpha mRNA by 8-fold, 10-fold, and 6-fold, respectively, at 2 h. Nuclear run-on transcription studies with isolated nuclei from cells treated with TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, and LPS showed that the transcription rate of the IL-1 alpha gene increased 6-fold, 6.5-fold, and 4-fold, respectively, after 2 h of treatment. PMA led to a more sustained accumulation of IL-1 alpha mRNA and had no effect on the transcription rate of the IL-1 alpha gene. The 5' region of the IL-1 alpha gene between base pairs -105 and +724 was linked to the luciferase reporter gene and used in transient expression studies. LPS stimulated luciferase activity from the chimeric gene, suggesting that the 5' region of the IL-1 alpha gene tested may, in part, include a responsive sequence to LPS.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Marshall Dermatology Research Laboratories, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kameda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D003994:Bucladesine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003994:Bucladesine; D008156:Luciferases; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate