title: Band 3, an accidental flippase for anionic phospholipids?
abstract: The inward translocation of the monovalent anionic phospholipid 1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphomethanol in the membrane of human erythrocytes is a fast process (t/2 = 11 min, 37 degrees C). Translocation of the protonated uncharged phospholipid is not responsible for the fast flip rate, and mediation of translocation by the aminophospholipid flippase could be excluded. Involvement of the anion exchanger band 3 in this process was derived from its inhibition (40-70%) by several established inhibitors of band 3-mediated anion exchange and its acceleration after proteolysis of band 3 by external papain. The translocation of the dianionic NBD-labeled phosphatidic acid is 5-fold slower, but also affected by the inhibitors. Thus, the anion exchanger can act as a flippase, defined as a transporter accepting substrates from the lipid bilayer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH, Aachen, FRG.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vondenhof
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oslender
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Deuticke
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Haest
mesh_terms: D017878:4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D009327:4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000097:blood; D001457:Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000838:Anions; D001583:Benzoxazoles / Q000378:metabolism; D001894:Borohydrides / Q000494:pharmacology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000737:chemistry; D005994:Glycerophosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007555:Isoxazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D010206:Papain / Q000378:metabolism; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D049294:Phospholipid Transfer Proteins; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: C086969:1-oleoyl-2-((N-(7-(nitro)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino)hexanoyl)glycero-3-phosphate; C086970:1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphomethanol; D001457:Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte; D000838:Anions; D001583:Benzoxazoles; D001894:Borohydrides; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005994:Glycerophosphates; D007555:Isoxazoles; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids; D049294:Phospholipid Transfer Proteins; D010743:Phospholipids; C009686:N-ethyl-5-phenylisoxazolium-3'-sulfonate; C025364:sodium borohydride; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D010206:Papain; D009327:4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan; D017878:4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid