title: Long-term (5- to 12-year) follow-up of metal-blade radial keratotomy procedures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the long-term stability of the refractive outcome after metal-blade radial keratotomy procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of 146 patients who underwent 225 consecutive metal-blade radial keratotomy procedures that were performed under a uniform protocol between November 1979 and August 1981 was monitored prospectively, with 64% of the patients followed up for at least 5 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Changes in spherical equivalent and changes in average keratometry were evaluated within the following periods: 3 months to 1 year; 1 to 2 years; 2 to between 3 and 4 years (mean, 3.7 years); between 3 and 4 (mean, 3.7 years) to between 5 and 12 years (mean, 8.5 years); and 1 to between 5 and 12 years (mean, 8.5 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total mean change in refraction between 1 year and the average of 8.5 years of follow-up was 1.01 diopters (D) (SD, 1.13 D). At 1 year, 31% of the cases were at least 1 D hyperopic, whereas at an average of 8.5 years, 48% were at least 1 D hyperopic. Fifty-four percent of the cases had shifted in the hyperopic direction by 1 D or more. Stepwise regression analysis failed to identify significant predictive factors for the hyperopic shifts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The trend toward progressive hyperopic shifts within this cohort has continued with time. Other long-term studies have documented similar, although somewhat smaller, hyperopic shifts among both patients treated with metal-blade and patients treated with diamond-blade procedures. Causative factors for the hyperopic shift have not been identified. It remains to be seen if eyes undergoing current, more cautious surgical approaches to radial keratotomy will also experience this phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Deitz
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Raanan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: DeLuca
mesh_terms: D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007646:Keratotomy, Radial / Q000295:instrumentation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012029:Refraction, Ocular; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000453:epidemiology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome