title: Effects of promoter, intron and enhancer elements on transient gene expression in sugar-cane and carrot protoplasts.
abstract: Various chimaeric promoter regions coupled to the uidA beta-glucuronidase gene were evaluated for transient expression strength following electroporation into sugar-cane (monocot) and carrot (dicot) protoplasts. Multiple enhancer elements increased expression in sugar-cane, by up to 400-fold for the artificial Emu promoter relative to the CaMV 35S promoter. The relative expression strengths of promoters varied substantially between the species. Sugar-cane also differed in some respects from previously tested species in the family Poaceae. For example, in sugar-cane the nopaline synthase and CaMV 35S promoters were of equivalent strength, and insertion of Adh1 intron 1 into the 5' transcribed region decreased expression strength.
authors.affiliation: Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rathus
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bower
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Birch
mesh_terms: D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017343:Genes, Plant; D007438:Introns; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011523:Protoplasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D014170:Transformation, Genetic; D014675:Vegetables