title: Early child health in Lahore, Pakistan: XI. Growth.
abstract: This work gives growth reference values at birth to 24 months of age for Pakistan based on upper middle class infants. Growth rate reference values are also included and they are given for various interval lengths. The growth was differently affected in infants living in three poorer areas; the stunting incidence at 24 months of age was 63% in periurban slum, 54% in the village and 26% in the urban slum. Less differences could be seen between the areas in weight for length. There was an age dependency in the incidence of reduced growth; a normal length gain was seen at birth to about six months of age, but they were highly reduced at 6 to 18 months of age. The weight gain was to some degree reduced during the first 12 months of life, followed by a catch-up growth period. The seasonal influence was also age dependent; weight was highly affected during the summer at birth to 24 months of age, but not in the winter. The seasonal effect in length was marginal at birth to 6 months, little at 6 to 12 months (although, constant below the normal) and large at 12 to 24 months of age. We did not see any seasonality of growth in the reference group. The incidence of reduced growth reflects the socio-economic differences in one restricted geographic area, i.e., in the city of Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karlberg
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Ashraf
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saleemi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yaqoob
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jalil
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001827:Body Height; D001835:Body Weight; D002657:Child Development; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D010154:Pakistan; D012016:Reference Values; D012621:Seasons; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014507:Urbanization