title: Nicotine inhibits the metabolic activation of the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone in rats.
abstract: The effect of nicotine on the metabolism of the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) was studied in rats. [1-14C]NNK was s.c. injected at a dose of 0.08 mumol/kg. Co-administration of a 500-fold higher dose of nicotine (40 mumol/kg) did not reduce the overall urinary excretion of radioactivity. However, the metabolic pattern in 24 h urine was significantly changed. Metabolites resulting from NNK activation by alpha-hydroxylation were significantly (P < 0.001) reduced to 72% of the control. Detoxification to N-oxides and the glucuronide of 4-(methyl-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol increased to 155% (P < 0.01) and 188% (P < 0.01) of the control respectively. These results suggest that nicotine, which occurs in concentrations up to 30,000-fold higher than NNK in mainstream smoke of cigarettes may have a protective effect against metabolic activation of NNK.
authors.affiliation: Walther Straub-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Tricker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000187:drug effects; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D009602:Nitrosamines; D009538:Nicotine; C016583:4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone