title: A changing pattern of susceptibility of Xanthomonas maltophilia to antimicrobial agents: implications for therapy.
abstract: The in vitro susceptibilities of 130 Xanthomonas maltophilia isolates to 12 antibiotics--trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, minocycline, ticarcillin-clavulanate, ceftazidime, cefoperazone, cefoperazone-sulbactam, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, and the investigational quinolones PD 117558, PD 117596, PD 127391, and sparfloxacin--were determined by a microtiter broth dilution technique. Other than the investigational quinolones, the most active antibiotics were minocycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ticarcillin-clavulanate, in order. However, the first two were not bactericidal, while about half of the isolates exhibited intermediate susceptibility to ticarcillin-clavulanate. Patterns of susceptibility to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin relative to the years of isolation of these strains reflected the development of resistance to the antibiotic prophylaxis practices in the hospital. We recommend that a combination of antibiotics, such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, minocycline, and ticarcillin-clavulanate, at or close to the maximum tolerated doses be in the treatment of serious X. maltophilia infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Specialties, University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vartivarian
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Anaissie
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bodey
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sprigg
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rolston
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D014974:Xanthomonas / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents