title: Losartan inhibits sympathetic and cardiovascular responses to carotid occlusion.
abstract: We have reported that inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme with captopril attenuates the cardiovascular responses to bilateral carotid occlusion in conscious rabbits and proposed that the attenuation results from removal of a facilitatory action of angiotensin II on the sympathetic nervous system. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of carotid occlusion on renal sympathetic nerve activity in conscious rabbits and to investigate the effect of the angiotensin II subtype 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist losartan on the cardiovascular and renal sympathetic nerve activity responses to carotid occlusion. In seven conscious, aortic depressor nerve-sectioned rabbits, carotid occlusion elicited prompt and reproducible increases in mean arterial pressure from 75 +/- 2 to 124 +/- 5 mm Hg (P < .001), heart rate from 285 +/- 8 to 317 +/- 9 beats per minute (P < .01), and renal sympathetic nerve activity to 165 +/- 11% of control (P < .01). In the same rabbits, losartan (5 mg/kg i.v.) decreased mean arterial pressure by 9 +/- 2 mm Hg (P < .01), increased renal sympathetic nerve activity to 143 +/- 13% of control (P < .05), but did not alter heart rate. Losartan significantly attenuated (P < .01) the mean arterial pressure (66 +/- 2 to 81 +/- 2 mm Hg), heart rate (282 +/- 9 to 289 +/- 7 beats per minute), and renal sympathetic nerve activity (143 +/- 13% to 159 +/- 15% of control) responses to carotid occlusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0444.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Reid
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003250:Constriction; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000294:innervation; D019808:Losartan; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D007093:Imidazoles; D013777:Tetrazoles; D000804:Angiotensin II; D009599:Nitroprusside; D010656:Phenylephrine; D019808:Losartan