title: A new model to evaluate the hypertensive response to noxious stimuli in the anesthetized, spontaneously hypertensive rat.
abstract: We have developed a method to evaluate the hypertensive response after noxious stimuli in anesthetized rats. Anesthetic level, stimuli, and responses were standardized by using an etomidate infusion, a series of stimuli of increasing intensity applied to the tail, and measuring maximal changes in systolic blood pressure (delta SBP) after each stimulus. Normotensive Sprague Dawley rats (SD) (n = 7) were studied using an etomidate infusion of 4.2 mg.kg-1 x h-1. This method was then applied to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) anesthetized with three rats of etomidate infusion: Group 1 (n = 8), 7.0 mg.kg-1 x h-1; Group 2 (n = 8), 5.6 mg.kg-1 x h-1; and Group 3 (n = 11), 4.2 mg.kg-1 x h-1. Under anesthesia, three types of noxious stimuli were applied to the tail at 1-min intervals (13 total): (a) Type 1:11 2-s electrical stimuli of increasing intensity (0.4-12 mA, to produce threshold to maximal responses); (b) Type 2: one intense, prolonged electrical stimulus (10 mA, 5 s); and (c) Type 3: tail-clamping. After each stimulus, delta SBP was measured. In the SHR, comparing single delta SBP responses to single noxious stimuli after each of the three most intense stimuli showed no statistically significant differences among the three anesthetic groups. In contrast, comparison of dose-response curves of multiple delta SBP responses to multiple Type 1 (2-s) stimuli demonstrated a significant difference among the three anesthetic groups of SHR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9068.
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Zavisca
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Cronau
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Iacono
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D000818:Animals; D003250:Constriction; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013623:Tail