title: Urethrocavernous and urethrovascular reflux of contrast medium and excretory urogram during retrograde urethrography.
abstract: Retrograde urethrography is a valuable diagnostic aid of lesions in the urethra. It, however, has inherent hazards in the form of urethrocavernous and urethrovascular reflux of contrast medium, particularly in the presence of inflammatory urethral stricture. A case of massive urethrocavernous and urethrovascular reflux is reported. The dangers of such systemic reflux of urethral contents, including pathogens and contrast material are highlighted. Observation of reflux during retrograde urethrography exposes the patient to bacteremia and sepsis, and this fact must not be overlooked by the radiologist and the clinician. Prompt admission of the patient with adequate prophylactic antibiotic cover is the rule in such situation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Nigeria.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Arogundale
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Abe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017577:Cutaneous Fistula / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D010502:Perineum; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014548:Urinary Fistula / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014567:Urography / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003287:Contrast Media