title: Risk of testicular cancer associated with surrogate measures of Agent Orange exposure among Vietnam veterans on the Agent Orange Registry.
abstract: A case-control analysis was undertaken to examine the association between various surrogate measures of Agent Orange exposure and testicular cancer among Vietnam veterans. Study subjects were selected from the Department of Veterans Affairs Agent Orange Registry. The case patients consisted of 97 veterans with a diagnosis of testicular cancer, and 311 veterans without any clinical diagnosis served as a comparison group. The surrogate measures were branch of service, type of duty, corps area, and location of the individual's unit in relation to recorded Agent Orange spray tracts. Only Navy veterans had a statistically significant increased risk of testicular cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 2.60; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08 to 6.24). Risk of testicular cancer was not significantly increased for ground troops (OR = 0.46; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.86), for combat duty (OR = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.52 to 1.58), for service in the III Corps area (OR = 1.10; 95% CI, 0.66 to 1.84), and for being close to spray tracts within 90 days/8 km (OR = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.54 to 1.84) or 3 days/2 km (OR = 1.39; 95% CI, 0.50 to 3.80). The study results are not consistent with the hypothesis that Agent Orange may be a risk factor for testicular cancer among Vietnam veterans.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Epidemiology Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20036-3406.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Bullman
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D015085:2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis*; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis*; D000328:Adult; D000075182:Agent Orange; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003678:Defoliants, Chemical / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D016017:Odds Ratio; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D013733:Testicular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014728:Veterans; D014744:Vietnam
chemical_list: D003678:Defoliants, Chemical; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid; D000075182:Agent Orange; D015085:2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid