title: Cost-effectiveness of ticlopidine in preventing stroke in high-risk patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ticlopidine, an antiplatelet agent, when compared with aspirin has been found to reduce the risk of stroke in high-risk patients, ie, those with recent transient ischemic attack, reversible ischemic neurological deficit, amaurosis fugax, or minor stroke. Its cost-effectiveness in such use, however, is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed a model of primary stroke prevention in which a hypothetical cohort of 100 high-risk men and women 65 years of age was assumed to receive either ticlopidine (500 mg daily) or aspirin (1300 mg daily). Using published data, we estimated lifetime incidence of stroke, life expectancy (unadjusted and adjusted for changes in quality of life), and lifetime medical care costs associated with each therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients who receive ticlopidine would experience two fewer initial strokes per hundred than those treated with aspirin. Life expectancy would be extended by approximately one-half month, and lifetime medical care costs (discounted at 5%) would increase by about $2300. The cost-effectiveness of ticlopidine, compared with aspirin, is estimated to range from $31,200 to $55,500 per quality-adjusted life-year gained as the utility of life after nonfatal stroke is assumed to vary from 0.75 to 0.95.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ticlopidine therapy to prevent stroke in high-risk patients is cost-effective by current standards of medical practice.
authors.affiliation: Policy Analysis Inc., Brookline, MA 02146.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Oster
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Huse
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lacey
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Epstein
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001241:Aspirin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000191:economics / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000150:complications; D008017:Life Expectancy; D008297:Male; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000209:etiology; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D013988:Ticlopidine; D001241:Aspirin