title: Differentiation of silicone gel from water and fat in MR phase imaging of protons at 0.064 T.
abstract: The authors present a method of identifying silicone at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging based on its chemical shift. The method relies on phase images reconstructed from a gradient-recalled-echo sequence that has an echo time chosen to maximize the phase offsets between water, fat, and silicone. Results from studies at 0.064 T of both phantoms and human subjects are presented. This technique was useful in identifying extracapsular silicone and may be applicable at other field strengths.
authors.affiliation: Toshiba America MRI, South San Francisco, Calif.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Derby
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Frankel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kaufman
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Mineyev
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Occhipinti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Friedenthal
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D000818:Animals; D001834:Body Water; D001940:Breast / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002417:Cattle; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D016462:Mammaplasty; D008961:Models, Structural; D009132:Muscles / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011522:Protons; D012828:Silicones; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D011522:Protons; D012828:Silicones; D014867:Water