title: Subtypes of negative symptoms: the primary subtype in schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic patients.
abstract: 1. The specificity of negative symptoms remains an open question and requires further research. 2. Subtyping negative symptoms has been showed to be a very relevant point for the identification of primary negative symptoms and for their pharmacotherapy. Negative symptoms as a whole have been demonstrated in schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic patients, but these studies did not report about the primary and secondary subtypes. 3. The present study is the first one investigating primary negative symptoms in schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic patients. 84 consecutively admitted psychiatric patients have been studied 5 years after their discharge. 4. All negative symptoms (including the primary subtype) according to Carpenter (Kirkpatrick et al. 1989) and Andreasen (Andreasen 1981) could be identified in all diagnostic groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gerbaldo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Helisch
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Philipp
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Benkert
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology