title: Cisplatin plus doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide in metastatic or recurrent thymoma: final results of an intergroup trial. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, Southwest Oncology Group, and Southeastern Cancer Study Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of cisplatin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (PAC) in patients with advanced thymoma with respect to response rate, duration of remission, and overall survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  Assessable patients with thymoma (n = 29) or thymic carcinoma (n = 1) with metastatic or locally progressive recurrent disease following radiotherapy were treated with intravenous cisplatin (50 mg/m2), doxorubicin (50 mg/m2), and cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m2) with normal saline hydration. Courses were repeated every 3 weeks for a maximum of eight cycles of therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Toxicity, which was primarily hematologic, was mild, with only one patient developing a fever associated with neutropenia. Three complete responses (CRs) and 12 partial responses (PRs) were observed (CR+PR rate, 50%; 95% confidence interval, 31.3% to 68.7%). Ten patients had stable disease. The median duration of response was 11.8 months (range, 0.9 to 70.5+), the time to treatment failure 18.4 months (range, 0.8 to 91.9+), and median survival time 37.7 months (range, 2 to 91.9+).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This trial demonstrates that objective response rates and prolonged survival can be achieved in patients with advanced thymoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis 46202.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Loehrer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Aisner
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Livingston
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Einhorn
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Blum
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013945:Thymoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary; D013953:Thymus Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D002945:Cisplatin