title: Rehabilitation of walking with electromyographic biofeedback in foot-drop after stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Alterations of gait cycle and foot-drop on the paretic limb are characteristic of stroke patients. Electromyographic biofeedback treatment has been used in rehabilitation of walking, but results are controversial. We performed gait analysis to evaluate the efficacy of electromyographic biofeedback compared with physical therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled in the study. The experimental group (4 men, 4 women) received electromyographic biofeedback treatment together with physical therapy. The control group (5 men, 3 women) was treated with physical therapy only. Clinical and functional evaluations before and after treatment were performed using Canadian Neurological, Adams, Ashworth, Basmajian, and Barthel Index scales. Computerized gait analysis was performed in all patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Electromyographic biofeedback patients showed significantly increased scores on the Adams scale (P < .05) and Basmajian scale (P < .01). Gait analysis in this group showed a recovery of foot-drop in the swing phase (P < .02) after training.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data confirm that the electromyographic biofeedback technique increases muscle strength and improves recovery of functional locomotion in patients with hemiparesis and foot-drop after cerebral ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Center, IRCCS S. Lucia, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Intiso
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Santilli
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Grasso
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Caruso
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000842:Ankle / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004576:Electromyography; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007551:Isotonic Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D009132:Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D010291:Paresis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*