title: Tolerance to intravenous midazolam as a result of oral benzodiazepine therapy: a potential problem for the provision of conscious sedation in dentistry.
abstract: Tolerance to the sedative effects of the benzodiazepine group of drugs is well documented. A brief review of the literature is presented. Three cases in which tolerance to intravenous midazolam became apparent and caused a significant problem during the attempted induction of conscious sedation are described. The patients were all concurrently receiving treatment with other benzodiazepines. It is recommended that patients with a history of regular, current benzodiazepine use be treated with caution with regard to this type of sedation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, The Dental School, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Robb
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hargrave
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001569:Benzodiazepines; D008874:Midazolam