title: Luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassay: measurement of particle binding kinetics by chemiluminescence.
abstract: A method for monitoring formation of latex particle pairs by chemiluminescence is described. Molecular oxygen is excited by a photosensitizer and an antenna dye that are dissolved in one of the particles. 1 delta gO2 diffuses to the second particle and initiates a high quantum yield chemiluminescent reaction of an olefin that is dissolved in it. The efficiency of 1 delta gO2 transfer between particles is approximately 3.5%. The technique permits real-time measurement of particle binding kinetics. Second-order rate constants increase with the number of receptor binding sites on the particles and approach diffusion control. By using antibody-coated particles, a homogeneous immunoassay capable of detecting approximately 4 amol of thyroid-stimulating hormone in 12 min was demonstrated. Single molecules of analyte produce particle heterodimers that are detected even when no larger aggregates are formed.
authors.affiliation: Research Department, Syva Company, Palo Alto, CA 94303.
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Ullman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kirakossian
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Z P
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Irvin
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Pease
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Switchenko
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Irvine
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dafforn
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Skold
mesh_terms: D000937:Antigen-Antibody Reactions; D004077:Digoxin / Q000276:immunology; D007840:Latex / Q000737:chemistry*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008863:Microspheres; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D007840:Latex; D004077:Digoxin; D013972:Thyrotropin; D010100:Oxygen