title: First-trimester rapid semiquantitative assay for urine pregnanediol glucuronide predicts gestational outcome with the same diagnostic accuracy as serial human chorionic gonadotropin measurements.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare a single urine pregnanediol glucuronide measurement with serial human chorionic gonadotropin titers for the prediction of abnormal early gestations.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed multiple urine pregnanediol glucuronide levels in 19 spontaneously conceived pregnancies during the first 49 days of gestation. A semiquantitative measurement was made by rapid enzyme immunoassay (Phase Check) at different urinary dilutions. To establish the reliability of semiquantitative urine pregnanediol glucuronide assay to detect abnormal gestation, this test was compared with human chorionic gonadotropin doubling times derived from a previously described normal population. A receiver-operator characteristic curve was constructed for each test, and areas under the curve with corresponding SEs were calculated. The critical-ratio z test was used to compare the two assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The receiver-operator characteristic curves indicate that both urine pregnanediol glucuronide and human chorionic gonadotropin doubling can predict early gestational complications (p < 0.05). The area under the curve for human chorionic gonadotropin doubling time was 0.809 +/- 0.048, and urine pregnanediol glucuronide had an area of 0.702 +/- 0.072. Comparison of the area under the curve revealed that the ability of urine pregnanediol glucuronide to predict early gestational failure was indistinguishable from that of human chorionic gonadotropin doubling times (p > 0.05). A 1:2 dilution of urine gave the best results in the semiquantitative urine pregnanediol glucuronide test (Phase Check).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the basis of receiver-operator analysis, semiquantitative urine pregnanediol glucuronide measurements predict abnormal early gestations as well as serial human chorionic gonadotropin measurements do. The ability of a single urine semiquantitative assay (Phase Check) to predict early gestational complications offers a convenient screening tool that may identify women with abortive or ectopic pregnancies before the onset of symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216-4505.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Whitworth
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Murthy
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bacquet
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Cowan
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine; D011276:Pregnanediol / Q000652:urine*; D012372:ROC Curve
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D011276:Pregnanediol