title: Extensive nitration of protein tyrosines in human atherosclerosis detected by immunohistochemistry.
abstract: Oxidation of lipoproteins is important for the initiation and propagation of the atherosclerotic lesion and may involve secondary oxidants derived from nitric oxide. Nitric oxide (NO) reacts at near diffusion limited rates with superoxide (O2-.) to form the strong oxidant, peroxynitrite (ONOO-). Nitration on the ortho position of tyrosine is a major product of peroxynitrite attack on proteins. Nitrotyrosine was detected in atherosclerotic lesions of formalin-fixed human coronary arteries with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Binding was pronounced in and around foamy macrophages within the atheroma deposits. Nitration was also observed in early subintimal fatty streaks. Antibody binding was completely blocked by co-incubation with 10mM nitrotyrosine, but not by equivalent concentrations of aminotyrosine or phosphotyrosine. The presence of nitrotyrosine indicates that oxidants derived from nitric oxide such as peroxynitrite are generated in human atherosclerosis and may be involved in its pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35233.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Beckmann
authors.forename: Y Z
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Accavitti
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Tarpey
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008264:Macrophages / Q000737:chemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine