title: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of neonatal severe combined immunodeficient mice xenografted with human cord blood cells.
abstract: In these studies, neonatal C.B-17 severe combined immunodeficient (nSCID) mice were reconstituted with human cord blood leukocytes (hu-CBLs). The resulting hu-CBL-nSCID mice contained readily detectable human CD3+ T lymphocytes and CD20+ human B cells, and produced substantial levels of human IgM and IgG (including all subclasses). Human cells persisted in lymphoid organs and peripheral blood for at least 8 weeks, and CD4+ T cells outnumbered CD8+ T cells. Engraftment of human cells in peripheral lymphoid organs and blood was much greater than that seen in adult SCID mice grafted with adult peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs). Hu-CBL-nSCID mice were susceptible to infection with laboratory-adapted and fresh clinical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates. Following infection with HIV-1, virus could be recovered by the coculture of spleen, lymph node, peritoneal cavity, liver, and plasma samples from hu-CBL-nSCID mice with fresh human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and proviral copies were detectable following amplification using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HIV p24 core antigen levels in hu-CBL-nSCID mouse plasma were consistent with ongoing viral replication and high viral burdens. Rapid CD4+ T cell depletion occurred following infection with laboratory isolates of HIV-1 or a syncytium-inducing clinical isolate, but a non-syncytium-inducing clinical isolate caused expansion of CD8+ T cells, leading to an inversion of the CD4:CD8 ratio with only a transient decrease in CD4+ T cells. These results suggest that the hu-CBL-nSCID mouse system has unique features that mimic certain aspects of pediatric HIV infection, and distinguish it from other animal models of HIV infection, including the related hu-PBL-SCID model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92037-0672.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Reinhardt
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Torbett
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Gulizia
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Reinhardt
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Spector
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Mosier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000276:immunology; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D017708:Leukocyte Transfusion; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID / Q000276:immunology*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D017252:CD3 Complex; D015483:HIV Antibodies