title: [Restraint devices for animals--historical and animal welfare aspects].
abstract: A historical review is given on the reasons to use restraint measures in animals, their definitions and classifications as well as their mode of action. An attempt is made to give an assessment of these measures according to animal welfare aspects formerly and today. Special emphasis is put on considerations in conformity with the "reasonable reason", as required in the German Animal Welfare Act.
authors.affiliation: Tierärztliche Hochschule, Hannover.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grahwit
mesh_terms: D000827:Animal Welfare / Q000266:history* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology; D005858:Germany; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology; D012149:Restraint, Physical
vernacular_title: Zwangsmittel bei Tieren--historische und tierschützerische Aspekte.