title: Social isolation modifies the response of mice to experimental Mengo virus infection.
abstract: To investigate the effects of social isolation on host resistance male mice were housed either individually (IH) or in groups of four or five (GH). All animals were infected with MengoM,L virus. Incubation time (INCUB), duration of illness (ILL), death rate (DR), histopathological changes, and serum corticosterone levels (CORT) were recorded. First, the effect of IH starting 4 days prior to infection was studied in 5 different inbred strains. Next, the effect of different IH length was examined, and the role of T-cells was investigated by comparing euthymic (+/+) and athymic (nu/nu) NMRI mice. Finally, the effects of the infection on CORT in IH and GH mice were compared in C57BL/6 mice. The major findings were: 1. IH significantly increased ILL in all but the DBA/2 strain, whereas DR was not affected except in C57BL/6. 2. Longer IH (starting 35 [DBA/2] or 10 [NMRI] days prior to virus inoculation) significantly shortened INCUB and prolonged ILL, but IH starting on the day of virus inoculation [DBA/2] significantly prolonged INCUB and shortened ILL. 3. NMRI nude mice exhibited an unaltered DR accompanied by a tremendously prolonged INCUB. 4. Investigations in C57BL/6 mice revealed a significant rise of CORT after infection. This increase was higher in IH compared to GH mice. It is suggested that IH attenuates T-cell mediated inflammatory processes and/or increases macrophage activation, which in turn results in a prolonged course of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology and Experimental Therapy, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clausing
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bocker
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Diekgerdes
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gärtner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Güttner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haemisch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Veckenstedt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weimer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018188:Cardiovirus Infections / Q000523:psychology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006799:Housing, Animal; D008297:Male; D008574:Mengovirus; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D012376:Rodent Diseases / Q000523:psychology*; D012934:Social Isolation