title: Role of intracellular Ca2+ pools in the effects of halothane and isoflurane on vascular smooth muscle contraction.
abstract: We examined the effect of halothane and isoflurane on contraction in the vascular smooth muscle of rat thoracic aorta simultaneously with the cytosolic Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i). Isolated spiral strips of rat thoracic aorta were suspended for isometric tension recordings in physiologic salt solution. The [Ca2+]i was measured concomitantly using fura-2-Ca2+ fluorescence. Muscle tension was elicited either by 51 mM K+ solution or 30 nM norepinephrine, and the muscle was exposed to 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% halothane or 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% isoflurane. The effects of the anesthetics were compared with the effects of verapamil, an L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel blocker, also administered during K(+)-induced muscle contraction. In another series, the effects of the anesthetics on caffeine- or norepinephrine-induced muscle contraction were determined in Ca(2+)-free solution. Finally, 3% halothane or 4% isoflurane was administered during K(+)-induced contraction in muscle strips pretreated with ryanodine and caffeine. During K(+)-induced contraction, halothane evoked a transient increase followed by a decrease in both muscle tension and [Ca2+]i. The biphasic change in muscle tension was not elicited by isoflurane or by any agent under norepinephrine-induced contraction. Both halothane and isoflurane ultimately suppressed both K(+)- and norepinephrine-induced increases in muscle tension and the [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner. The slopes of the [Ca2+]i-tension regression lines under the two anesthetics were significantly steeper than that under verapamil during K(+)-induced contraction. Halothane, but not isoflurane, augmented 4 mM caffeine-induced tension and [Ca2+]i transients in the Ca(2+)-free solution in a concentration-dependent manner. However, neither anesthetic influenced norepinephrine-induced tension and [Ca2+]i transients. In the muscle strips pretreated with ryanodine and caffeine, the difference observed between the anesthetics was abolished. In conclusion, halothane, but not isoflurane, enhances Ca2+ release predominantly from the caffeine-releasable Ca2+ stores in vascular smooth muscle; this release may modify the effect of halothane. The intracellular Ca2+ pools can be affected differently by volatile anesthetic drugs, depending on the nature of the stimulus for smooth muscle contraction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuchida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Namba
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Namiki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D006221:Halothane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D007530:Isoflurane; D002118:Calcium; D006221:Halothane