title: Posterior right diagonal artery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is general confusion about a branch of the posterior segment of the right coronary artery that has been referred to as 1) the lower trunk of a divided right coronary artery; 2) a posterior reflection of the right marginal artery; 3) the ramus lateralis; and 4) a posterolateral branch or a posterior descending artery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred human hearts were studied by direct observation, X-ray films, and corrosion casting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This branch of the right coronary artery arises either after the right marginal artery (in 84% of hearts) or it constitutes the continuation of this artery in the remaining 16%. We named it the posterior right diagonal artery (PRDA). It was found in 14% of 266 hearts of right dominant type. It was present in 39% when the length of the posterior descending artery (PDA) was shorter than half of the length of the posterior interventricular sulcus (PIS) and in 6% when it was longer. When the PRDA originated directly from the RCA, the RMA appeared underdeveloped; the PRDA always occupied the inferior part of the PIS and appears either as continuation of a short PDA or as a replacement for a long PDA from the point where this artery leaves the PIS to enter the posterior wall of the left ventricle. The PDRA when present serves as a bridge between the RCA and the left anterior descending artery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings are of practical importance for the correct interpretation of coronary arteriographies and in the field of coronary artery surgery.
authors.affiliation: Pathology Department, University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Nerantzis
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Gribizi
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Margaris
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Antonelis
authors.forename: T I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Salahas
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Koroxenidis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D016319:Corrosion Casting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged