title: Transfer of interleukin 2 receptor genes into squamous cell carcinoma. Modification of tumor cell growth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Human squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN) have been shown to express interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R), and binding of the ligand, IL-2, to the receptor results in tumor growth inhibition in vitro or in vivo in an SCCHN xenograft model in nude mice. To optimize growth inhibitory effects of IL-2, expression of the alpha or gamma chains of IL-2R in SCCHN was experimentally modified by transfection of tumor cells with the respective IL-2R genes or the lacZ gene as control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using plasmid vectors containing the IL-2R alpha chain gene under the control of a cytomegalovirus promoter or the IL-2R gamma chain gene under the control of a Rous sarcoma virus promoter, the IL-2R genes were transferred by lipofection into SCCHN cell lines. Stable transfectants were selected, cloned by limiting dilution, and clones were compared with the parental cell lines for their sensitivity to the growth-inhibitory effect of IL-2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transfer of the IL-2R alpha chain gene into SCCHN cells resulted in significant upregulation of expression of the IL-2R alpha chain on tumor cell surface but not in increased tumor growth inhibition by IL-2. In contrast, SCCHN IL-2R gamma transfectants, which expressed IL-2R gamma chain transcripts as confirmed in RNase protection assays, were significantly inhibited in growth and were sensitive to lower concentrations of IL-2 than the parental cell lines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genetic modification of IL-2R expression on IL-2R-positive tumor cells in culture significantly alters their proliferative response to IL-2. These observations open a way for developing new strategies for therapy of SCCHN based on direct interactions of IL-2 with its receptor on tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pa.
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yasumura
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Whiteside
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D014162:Transfection / Q000235:genetics / Q000379:methods; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2