title: Chronological changes of MRI findings on striatal damage after acute cyanide intoxication: pathogenesis of the damage and its selectivity, and prevention for neurological sequelae: a case report.
abstract: A 31-year-old male technician in an electroplating factory, who had been suffering from the temporal lobe epilepsy for 24 years and from hypertension for 2 years, took an unknown amount of potassium cyanide apparently over the lethal dose, in an attempt to commit suicide. He was treated successfully and survived without any neurological sequelae. The electroencephalograms and the nature of the seizures were not different before and after the poisoning. The T2-weighted magnetic resonance images at 9 and 51 days after the poisoning showed bilateral elevation of signals in the caudate nuclei and the putamina. At the 143th and 286th days. T2-weighted high-resonance areas were restricted to the lateral portion of the putamina. The T1-weighted images at the 51st day showed abnormal signal elevations in both putamina, while those of 9th, 143th and 286th days were mainly normal. Selective vulnerability of the putamen and the caudate nucleus may be due to their specific structural properties of high oxygen and glucose utilization, and enzyme distribution. Both chronological changes of striatal damage and the absence of neurological sequelae in this patient suggest the possibility that anti-epileptics and a calcium antagonist played a neuroprotective role in the acute cyanide intoxication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kasamo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuhata
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kamata
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nogami
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kojima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000187:drug effects; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects*; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011190:Potassium Cyanide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D013406:Suicide, Attempted
chemical_list: D002220:Carbamazepine; D010672:Phenytoin; D009543:Nifedipine; D011190:Potassium Cyanide; D010634:Phenobarbital