title: Synthesis of L-carnitine by microorganisms and isolated enzymes.
abstract: L-Carnitine, a quaternary ammonium compound, plays an important role in beta-oxidation of fatty acids in mammals. The increasing demand for this compound in medicine has led to the development of numerous procedures for L-carnitine production. This review discusses the possibilities of microbial and enzymatical synthesis of L-carnitine and gives an overview on the pathways of L-carnitine metabolism and related enzymes in microorganisms.
authors.affiliation: Biochemie, Fachbereich Biowissenschaften, Universität Leipzig, FRG.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Kleber
mesh_terms: D000217:Acyltransferases; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D002331:Carnitine / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002384:Catalysis; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D006836:Hydro-Lyases / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C019842:carnitine dehydrogenase; D000217:Acyltransferases; C060278:crotonobetainyl-CoA carnitine coenzyme A transferase; D006836:Hydro-Lyases; D002331:Carnitine