title: Enzymatic synthesis of butyryl-rutin ester in organic solvents and its cytogenetic effects in mammalian cells in culture.
abstract: Enzymic acylation of a flavonoid, rutin, with trichloroethylbutyrate (TCEB) has been performed by subtilisin protease in anhydrous pyridine solution. The addition of a hydrophobic compound on rutin is expected to change the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance of the molecule, giving new properties to this compound. This work aimed at investigating the various cytological properties of the rutin-ester and compared them with those of the native molecule. No difference in the levels of sister chromosomes exchange (SCE) between rutin and rutin-ester treated cells at doses varying from 25 to 200 micrograms/mL was found. On the contrary impressive difference in the induced frequency of micronuclei (MN) between rutin and rutin ester treated cells was observed, for example, at a dose of 100 micrograms/mL of rutin were 3.5% MN counted, whereas for a similar dose treatment with rutin-ester a frequency of 8% of MN was found. The fact that rutin-ester is causing significantly higher levels of MN than the rutin alone can be considered as a manifestation of a higher action of the agent on the chromosome owing to its easier penetration in to the cell after its esterification.
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering Dept., Division IV, National Technical University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kodelia
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Athanasiou
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Kolisis
mesh_terms: D000215:Acylation; D000818:Animals; D002477:Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D008322:Mammals; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D012431:Rutin / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000633:toxicity*; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects; D012997:Solvents; D013381:Subtilisins
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents; D012431:Rutin; D013381:Subtilisins