Diet and nephrolithiasis.
Pharmacologic therapy of recurrent nephrolithiasis continues to be the mainstay of the strategy to prevent recurrence. This approach persists even in the face of increasing evidence of a marked benefit of mere entry into a nonpharmacologic diet and fluid modification protocol at a clinic specializing in the evaluation and therapy of recurrent nephrolithiasis (the "Stone Clinic effect"). This review examines the role of diet in the pathogenesis of various forms of nephrolithiasis and the effectiveness of dietary therapy in preventing new stone formation. Recent and older evidence support a primary role for modification of diet, particularly diet protein and sodium intake, in the prevention of recurrent nephrolithiasis.
Goldfarb
S
S
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19103.
D002118:Calcium / Q000652:urine; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000652:urine; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects
D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D002118:Calcium