title: Clinical and MR correlates in children with extrapyramidal cerebral palsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the characteristic MR findings in extrapyramidal cerebral palsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients who had suffered intrapartum asphyxia and who subsequently developed extrapyramidal cerebral palsy were identified. Asphyxia was evidenced by severe neonatal systemic acidosis as documented by a venous cord pH of less than 7.0 whenever available, or acidosis in subsequent arterial blood gas samples, and clinical signs of an acute hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy during the neonatal period. In addition, 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores were 3 or less, and there had been need for intubation or vigorous resuscitation in the delivery room. There were three boys and three girls, all born at term, with birth weight appropriate for gestational age, and without a history of bilirubin levels above 15 mg/dL. MR imaging at 1.5 T was performed between 1 and 19 years of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all subjects focal high signal abnormality was demonstrated in the posterior putamen and the anterior or posterior thalamus. There were no other findings in most cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MR demonstrated lesions in the putamen and thalamus in all of our six patients with severe extrapyramidal cerebral palsy who had suffered intrapartum asphyxia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1721.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Menkes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Curran
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001238:Asphyxia Neonatorum / Q000150:complications; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male