title: Low levels of amniotic fluid placental alkaline phosphatase in Down's syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate amniotic fluid placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) levels in normal and trisomy 21 pregnancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tertiary referral prenatal diagnostic service.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and eleven women with singleton pregnancies of normal karyotype between 10 and 23 weeks gestation and 31 women with pregnancies associated with trisomy 21 Down's syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  PLAP levels were measured by immunoradiometric assay in amniotic fluid obtained by amniocentesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Amniotic fluid PLAP was detectable from 12 weeks gestation and the median value rose to a peak of 4.57 iu/l at 18 weeks. Pregnancies associated with Down's syndrome had significantly lower levels with a median multiple of median (MoM) of 0.638, (U = 3374, P = 0.0016, 95% CI = 0.50, 0.89). For the 20 women with trisomy 21 pregnancies detected at 16 to 18 weeks, the median MoM was 0.482, (U = 3694, P = 0.0011, 95% CI = 0.37, 0.85).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data demonstrates that PLAP levels are reduced in the amniotic fluid of women carrying a fetus with trisomy 21.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Ind
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Iles
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Wathen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Murugan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Macintosh
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chard
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis*; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000201:enzymology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011295:Prenatal Care
chemical_list: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase