title: Inhibition of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase by pentalenolactone. 2. Identification of the site of alkylation by tetrahydropentalenolactone.
abstract: Incubation of rabbit muscle glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) with the antibiotic pentalenolactone (3) results in time-dependent, irreversible inhibition of GAPDH by modification of a single Cys residue in each subunit of the homotetrameric enzyme. Reduction of pentalenolactone with tritium gas gave [2,3,7,8-3H4]tetrahydropentalenolactone (7), which also exhibited time-dependent, irreversible inactivation of GAPDH. The site of covalent attachment of 7 was determined. Tryptic digestion of inactivated GAPDH and purification of the resultant products by reverse-phase HPLC gave a single labeled peptide. Amino acid sequence analysis of the radioactive peptide gave Ile-Val-Ser-Asn-Ala-Ser-X-Thr-Thr-Asn-(...). This sequence is identical to the highly conserved region from Ile-143 to Asn-152 in pig muscle GAPDH, except for the active site Cys-149 to which the tetrahydropentalenolactone was covalently bound. Molecular modeling was used to compare both pentalenolactone (3) and heptelidic acid (4), a mechanistically related inactivator of GAPDH, with the normal substrate, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (1). Finally, pentalenolactone was shown by reaction with model thiols to undergo epoxide ring opening exclusively by nucleophilic attack at the primary carbon, C-10.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Cane
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Sohng
mesh_terms: D000478:Alkylation; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009132:Muscles / Q000201:enzymology; D011817:Rabbits; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; C087615:tetrahydropentalenolactone; C017996:arenaemycin E; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases