title: MR angiography of the carotid bifurcation: artifacts and limitations.
abstract: Although conventional angiography has traditionally been the preoperative study of choice before carotid endarterectomy, alternative noninvasive methods, particularly MR angiography, are being used increasingly for evaluation of the carotid bifurcation [1, 2]. In this essay, we illustrate the limitations of and artifacts associated with two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography vs conventional angiography when assessing disease of the carotid bifurcation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Klufas
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Edelman
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Kent
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging