title: Treatment with D-penicillamine improves dopamine D2-receptor binding and T2-signal intensity in de novo Wilson's disease.
abstract: We report the results of in vivo striatal dopamine D2-receptor binding assessed by PET using 11C-raclopride (only one patient) and by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using 123I-iodobenzamide (123I-IBZM) and the findings of T2-weighted MRIs in two de novo Wilson's disease patients before and 4 months after initiation of D-penicillamine treatment. Before treatment, specific 11C-raclopride binding (only patient 1) was markedly reduced, with a putamen to cerebellum ratio of 1.99 (controls: 3.99 +/- 0.55, n = 15) and a caudate to cerebellum ratio of 2.52 (controls: 3.65 +/- 0.59, n = 15). Specific 123I-IBZM binding was reduced in both patients, with a basal ganglia to frontal cortex ratio of 1.25 (patient 1) and of 1.41 (patient 2) controls: 1.57 +/- 0.04, n = 5). After 4 months of therapy, 11C-raclopride-PET improved to a putamen to cerebellum ratio of 2.52 and a caudate to cerebellum ratio of 3.06 (patient 1). 123I-IBZM-SPECT revealed an increase of basal ganglia to frontal cortex ratios of 1.34 (patient 1) and 1.55 (patient 2). On heavily T2-weighted MRI sequences, hyperintense signal changes before therapy within the putamen (both patients), brainstem (only patient 1), and caudate (only patient 2) greatly diminished after treatment. Reduced striatal dopamine D2-receptor binding in these Wilson's disease patients improved under therapy, suggesting, in part, a reversible defect of striatal neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antonini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tatsch
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vogl
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kirsch
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Leenders
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Oertel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001549:Benzamides; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006527:Hepatolenticular Degeneration / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010396:Penicillamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; C055743:3-iodo-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-N-((1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)benzamide; D010396:Penicillamine