title: Tricyclic antidepressant withdrawal syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the evidence pointing to a withdrawal syndrome associated with the discontinuation of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs).
  
  
  METHODS
  MEDLINE searches were conducted. References used in relevant articles were screened for additional published information.
  
  
  METHODS
  Emphasis was placed on human trials and individual case reports.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Symptoms of gastrointestinal and somatic distress, sleep disturbance, and movement disorders and mania have been temporally linked to withdrawal of TCAs. Cholinergic and adrenergic overdrive after TCA discontinuation have been suggested as the proposed mechanism for this syndrome. Reported symptoms may be psychosomatic or related to underlying mental illness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinicians should be aware that discontinuation of TCA therapy may produce a withdrawal syndrome in some patients.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Garner
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic