title: [Mammographic screening. An analysis of the characteristics of interval carcinomas observed in the program in the province of Firenze (1989-1991)].
abstract: The authors evaluated 30 interval cancers consecutively observed from 1989 to 1991 and compared them to 98 screening-detected cancers observed in the same period. Interval cancers have a more advanced stage (stage I = 13 lesions, stage II + = 17 lesions) with respect to screening-detected cancers (stage 0 = 10 lesions, stage I = 61 lesions, stage II + = 27 lesions). This finding seems unrelated to an intrinsically higher aggressivity of interval cancers (length biased sampling) which do not differ significantly from screening-detected cancers as far as histopathologic characteristics of prognostic value are concerned. Diagnostic delay due to technical or reading error (9 cases), to radiologically occult cancer in clear (10 cases) or dense parenchymal areas (11 cases) is most likely. This seems to be confirmed by the low frequency observed among interval cancers of easily visible lesions such as isolated microcalcifications (3% vs. 35%) or stellate opacities (13% vs. 31%), and by the higher frequency of opacities with irregular margins (57% vs. 26%) which are more likely masked by dense parenchyma. The chances of reducing interval cancer rate by attempting to increase sensitivity or by increasing screening frequency are discussed, as well as the possible negative consequences of such protocols in terms of cost-effectiveness.
authors.affiliation: Centro per lo Studio e la Prevenzione Oncologica, Firenze.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ciatto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosselli del Turco
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bonardi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bianchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008327:Mammography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging
vernacular_title: Screening mammografico. Analisi delle caratteristiche dei carcinomi di intervallo osservati nel programma in provincia di Firenze (1989-1991).