Effects of aflatoxin B1 and T-2 toxin on the granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells in mouse bone marrow cultures.
Myelotoxic effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and T-2 toxin on the proliferation of the granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells to granulocyte, macrophage and granulocyte-macrophage (GM) colonies were investigated in male CD-1 mice by a semisolid in vitro culture technique. Mice received 0, 0.03, 0.145 and 0.7 mg/kg or 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 2.5 mg/kg body weight of AFB1 and T-2 toxin, respectively, for 2 weeks on alternate days. Granulocyte, macrophage, and GM-colonies were suppressed in the group that received the highest dose of AFB1 (0.7 mg/kg body weight). Treatment with T-2 toxin activated granulocyte colonies at 0.5 mg/kg and macrophage colonies at 0.1 and 2.5 mg/kg but suppressed GM-colonies at 0.5 and 2.5 mg/kg body weight. Bone marrow cells from normal CD-1 mice were cultured with different concentrations of AFB1 (1-50 microM) or T-2 toxin (1-10 nM) in vitro. Significant activation of granulocyte colonies with 1 microM AFB1 and suppression of all three types of colonies with the highest concentration of AFB1 (50 microM) were observed. The suppression of granulocyte and GM-colonies associated with T-2 toxin was concentration-dependent. The greatest suppression occurred in macrophage colonies with three highest concentrations of T-2 toxin (3, 6, and 10 nM). Results suggest that AFB1 is myelotoxic both in vivo and in vitro, whereas T-2 toxin is more toxic in vitro.
Dugyala
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Center for Environmental Toxicology, Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan 84322-5600.
Kim
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Sharma
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D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D002452:Cell Count / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D013605:T-2 Toxin / Q000633:toxicity*
D016604:Aflatoxin B1; D013605:T-2 Toxin