title: Multistage carcinogenesis utilizing human genital cells and human papillomaviruses.
abstract: The preponderance of evidence indicates that a subset of human papillomaviruses are important etiological agents for cervical cancer. However, the necessity of other agents as well as cellular events is recognized because not all women with papillomaviruses develop cancer. Therefore, the exact role of papillomaviruses in the multistage carcinogenesis process is unclear. Regulation of specific viral genes is important to the malignant process. The current study demonstrates that human herpesvirus-6, another ubiquitous virus, can infect genital epithelial cells and upregulate the expression of relevant papillomavirus genes. Thus, it can be considered a cofactor for cancer.
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, Laboratory of Biology, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Di Paolo
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Popescu
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Ablashi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lusso
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Zimonjic
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Woodworth
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D002460:Cell Line; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000821:virology*; D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D004848:Epithelium / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000150:complications; D015654:Herpesvirus 6, Human / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000821:virology; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D004279:DNA, Viral