title: Successful therapeutic regimens for treating Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus infections in cows.
abstract: Three therapeutic regimens were evaluated in 121 cows naturally infected with Brucella melitensis or Brucella abortus, using a combination of long-acting oxytetracycline (LA-OTC), streptomycin (ST) and OTC-intramammary infusion (IMI). Cessation of shedding of Brucella in udder secretions and absence of Brucella in selected tissues were considered criteria for successful treatment. Regimen A (tested on 35 cows) consisted of LA-OTC 25 mg/kg administered intramuscularly (i.m.) every 3 days for 42 days, ST 25 mg/kg i.m. daily for 8 days, and OTC-IMI 20 ml/teat daily for 4 days. Regimen B (tested on 53 cows) was similar to regimen A, except that ST was administered every 2 days for 16 days and OTC-IMI every 2 days for 8 days. Both regimens were equally effective in eliminating Brucella organisms from all cows involved in the tests and no relapses were recorded. However, regimen C, which was similar to regimen A, except that ST was administered every 3 days for 24 days and OTC-IMI every 3 days for 12 days, resulted in the elimination of Brucella organisms from only 30 (91%) of 33 cows. Before commencement of the therapeutic regimens, B. melitensis biovar 1 or 2 had been repeatedly isolated from udder secretions of 103 cows and B. abortus biovar 1 from mammary secretions of 18 cows.
authors.affiliation: Animal Production and Health Section, National Agriculture and Water Research Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Water, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Radwan
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Bekairi
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: al-Bokmy
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: O M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Hussain
mesh_terms: D000034:Abortion, Veterinary / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000372:Agglutination Tests; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D002003:Brucella abortus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017347:Brucella melitensis / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002007:Brucellosis, Bovine / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002417:Cattle; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005260:Female; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral / Q000662:veterinary; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000382:microbiology; D010118:Oxytetracycline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D012098:Reproduction; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D010118:Oxytetracycline; D013307:Streptomycin