title: Direct bond brackets: cotton roll versus rubber dam isolation.
abstract: Forty-four brackets were bonded "in vivo" using cotton roll and rubber dam isolation. Maxillary and mandibular premolars, to be extracted for orthodontic reasons, were used in this study. After bonding, the teeth were retained in the mouth for at least 30 days. They were extracted using surgical elevators. After extraction, the teeth were secured in plastic rings using gypsum and kept in water for 7 days until debonding. A Universal Instron Machine was used to produce a shear force at a speed of 0.1 cm/min until each bracket was removed. No statistically significant differences for debonding strength were observed between the two types of isolation, nor between the buccal and palatal surfaces of the teeth. One hundred percent of the failures occurred at the bracket/composite interface.
authors.affiliation: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Odontologia, Brasil.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heringer
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Miguel
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods; D003743:Dental Enamel; D003762:Dental Instruments; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D004868:Equipment Failure; D003368:Gossypium; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D016733:Rubber Dams; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins