title: Role of hypothalamic interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in LPS fever in rat.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine, using push-pull perfusion, the levels of interleukin (IL)-1-like, IL-6-like, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-like activity in the anterior hypothalamus during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced fever in rats. Additionally, slow anterior hypothalamic infusions of human recombinant IL-6 (hrIL-6) or TNF (hrTNF) for several hours were performed to determine possible febrile effects of these two cytokines. Artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) was infused as a control. Samples of cerebrospinal fluid were collected 60 min before and 60, 180, 300, and 420 min after the intraperitoneal injection of LPS. A control group was injected intraperitoneally with saline. The core temperature (measured by biotelemetry) of LPS-injected rats was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the temperature of the rats injected with saline at 180, 300, and 420 min after the injection. The average postinjection IL-6 levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the LPS-injected group. TNF was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the baseline only at 180 min. There were no changes in levels of IL-1-like activity. Infusion of hrIL-6 at a level similar to the peak IL-6 level measured during LPS-induced fever resulted in a slowly developing and long-lasting increase in core temperature. Infusion of hrTNF at a level corresponding to the peak TNF level measured during LPS-induced fever did not induce a significant increase in core temperature. These results support the hypothesis that elevated hypothalamic concentrations of IL-6 are involved in the induction of fever elicited by peripheral (intraperitoneal) injection of LPS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Klir
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Szelényi
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: McClellan
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kluger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D005334:Fever / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism*; D007267:Injections; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha