title: Combining bioreductive drugs (SR 4233 or SN 23862) with the vasoactive agents flavone acetic acid or 5,6-dimethylxanthenone acetic acid.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether 5,6-dimethylxanthenone acetic acid (DMXAA), a potent analogue of flavone acetic acid (FAA) inhibits blood flow in mouse mammary tumors, and to assess whether DMXAA enhances the antitumor effects of Tirapazamine (SR 4233) and the novel bioreductive drug SN 23862 (a dinitrobenbenzene mustard).
  
  
  METHODS
  MDAH-MCa-4 mouse mammary tumors were grown i.m. in the leg of C3H/HeN mice. Tumor blood flow was assessed by the pertechnetate clearance method and subsequent growth delay was determined in the same tumors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Administration of DMXAA (65-70 mumol/kg) resulted in inhibition of tumor blood flow to approximately 25% of control values, with no recovery observed up to 36 h post-treatment. Combination of DMXAA with SR 4233 provided a significant increase in tumor growth inhibition relative to either drug alone. In this effect, DMXAA was qualitatively similar to FAA, but was approximately 10 x more potent. The interaction between DMXAA (65 mumol/kg) and SR 4233 (200 mumol/kg) was maximal with SR 4233 given between 15 min before and 60 min after DMXAA. For SN 23862, a similar enhanced growth delay was observed in combination with DMXAA, with no obvious time dependence between 15 min before and 4 h after DMXAA. When mean values for groups treated with SR 4233 (200 mumole/kg) alone and in combination with DMXAA (65-90 mumole/kg) were compared, a correlation was observed between tumor blood flow inhibition and subsequent growth delay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DMXAA is a potent inhibitor of blood flow in MDAH-MCa-4 tumors. Combination of this vasoactive drug with bioreductive agents leads to an enhanced antitumor effect. For SR 4233 and DMXAA, this enhanced effect may be predictable by measurement of tumor blood flow inhibition shortly after drug administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Auckland School of Medicine, New Zealand.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cliffe
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rutland
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Baguley
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000816:Aniline Mustard / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D000077704:Tirapazamine; D014227:Triazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014966:Xanthenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044004:Xanthones
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D014227:Triazines; D014966:Xanthenes; D044004:Xanthones; C066668:vadimezan; C076205:5-(N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide; D000077704:Tirapazamine; C049328:flavone acetic acid; D000816:Aniline Mustard