title: Inhibition of protein kinase C by N-myristoylated peptide substrate analogs.
abstract: Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of closely related phospholipid-dependent protein kinases. A fully active, phospholipid-independent catalytic fragment of PKC is produced by limited proteolysis of the enzyme. The catalytic fragment allows a simplified assay system for the analysis of PKC inhibitors that interact with the catalytic domain. Recently, we reported that N-myristoylation of the synthetic peptide substrate Arg-Lys-Arg-Thr-Leu-Arg-Arg-Leu (RKRTLRRL) transformed a peptide that completely lacked inhibitory activity against the histone kinase reactions of PKC and its catalytic fragment into a peptide that potently inhibited both of these reactions. N-Myristoylation did not alter the potency of the peptide as a PKC substrate, and the basis for the acquisition of inhibitory activity against the catalytic fragment by N-myristoylation of the peptide remained unclear. In this report, we propose a mechanism for catalytic fragment inhibition by the N-myristoylated peptide that is based on a comparison of the inhibitory potencies of several nonphosphorylatable analogs of N-myristoyl-RKRTLRRL, a kinetic analysis of the inhibition of the histone kinase activity of the catalytic fragment by nonphosphorylatable N-myristoyl-RKRTLRRL analogs, and an analysis of the inhibitory effects of the N-myristoylated peptide series on the intrinsic ATPase activity of PKC. Our results support a mechanism in which the N-myristoylated peptides inhibit the catalytic fragment by binding to PKCfree, but not to the complex PKC-ATP, at the protein-substrate binding site.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: O'Brian
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019814:Myristic Acid; D009227:Myristic Acids; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D051381:Rats; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014357:Trypsin
chemical_list: D009227:Myristic Acids; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D019814:Myristic Acid; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D014357:Trypsin