title: Effect of steam flaking of corn and sorghum grains on performance of lactating cows.
abstract: The objective of this study was to compare the relative feeding value of sorghum versus corn grain in rolled or steam-flaked forms in diets for lactating dairy cows. Twenty-four Holstein cows (averaging 110 DIM) were divided into four groups and fed diets of 40% grain as dry-rolled sorghum, steam-rolled corn, steam-flaked sorghum, or steam-flaked corn for 70 d. Compared with rolling, flaking of both grains increased yields of milk, milk protein and fat, and protein percentage of milk, but differences tended to be greater for sorghum than for corn. Efficiency of feed utilization was higher for steam-flaked than for dry-rolled sorghum but was unaffected by corn processing. Flaking of both grains increased total tract digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, starch, ADF, and NDF. Estimates for NEL were 21% higher for flaked than for rolled sorghum and 6% higher for flaked than for rolled corn. No differences in performance of cows existed between corn and sorghum grains. Cows fed 40% of their diet as steam-flaked sorghum or corn yielded more milk and milk protein than those fed the rolled form of the grains, and no differences existed between types of grain fed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Theurer
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Swingle
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Simas
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sullivan
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology; D002523:Edible Grain; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D008894:Milk Proteins; D013213:Starch