title: Intraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Routine vs selective policy.
abstract: An audit of routine intraoperative cholangiography in a consecutive series of 496 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been performed. Cannulation of the cystic duct was possible in 483 patients (97%). The use of portable, digitized C-arm fluorocholangiography was vastly superior to the employment of a mobile x-ray machine and static films in terms of reduced time to carry out the procedure and total abolition of unsatisfactory radiological exposure of the biliary tract. Repeat of the procedure was necessary in 22% of cases when the mobile x-ray equipment was used. Aside from the detection of unsuspected stones in 18 patients (3.9%), routine intraoperative cholangiography identified four patients (0.8%) whose management would undoubtedly have been disadvantaged if intraoperative cholangiography had not been performed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Scotland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cuschieri
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banting
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Nathanson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pietrabissa
mesh_terms: D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000293:injuries; D002758:Cholangiography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D042882:Gallstones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative