title: Distraction of the frontal bone outside the cranial plane: a rabbit model.
abstract: Distraction of the frontal bone outside the cranial plane using the Ilizarov principle was performed in 17 22-week-old New Zealand white rabbits. Five rabbits had frontal bone osteotomy only and were in the control group; 5 rabbits were placed in the sham control group and had frontal bone osteotomy plus application of a customized headgear appliance; and 7 rabbits were placed in the experimental group, which underwent frontal bone osteotomy application of the headgear and distraction. The frontal bone was elevated 1 mm every other day for a period of 8 weeks, and the animals were then killed. Cephalometry was performed both preoperatively and at the end of the 8-week period. Histological examination of the skulls was also performed. The experimental group showed a significantly elevated frontal bone compared to the sham control group (p < 0.05). Callous bone filled the distracted segment, which united the frontal bone with the cranial plane. Therefore, frontal bone advancement by distraction osteogenesis is possible using this rabbit model.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia 65212.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Barone
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferder
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grossman
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Strauch
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Argamaso
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001852:Bone Lengthening; D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000601:surgery*; D003399:Craniotomy / Q000379:methods*; D005546:Forehead / Q000601:surgery; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000601:surgery*; D009984:Orthopedic Fixation Devices; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D011817:Rabbits