title: The effects of a natural disaster on child behavior: evidence for posttraumatic stress.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A prospective study of children examined both before and after a flood disaster in Bangladesh is used to test the hypothesis that stressful events play a causal role in the development of behavioral disorders in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six months before the disaster, structured measures of selected behavioral problems were made during an epidemiological study of disability among 2- to 9-year-old children. Five months after the disaster, a representative sample of 162 surviving children was reevaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between the pre- and postflood assessments, the prevalence of aggressive behavior increased from zero to nearly 10%, and 45 of the 134 children who had bladder control before the flood (34%) developed enuresis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results help define what may be considered symptoms of posttraumatic distress in childhood; they also contribute to mounting evidence of the need to develop and evaluate interventions aimed at ameliorating the behavioral and psychological consequences of children's exposure to extreme and traumatic situations.
authors.affiliation: G.H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, N.Y. 10032.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Durkin
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Zaman
authors.forename: Z A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Stein
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D001459:Bangladesh; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004190:Disasters; D004775:Enuresis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012792:Shyness; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology