title: Effects of infused sodium acetate, sodium lactate, and sodium beta-hydroxybutyrate on energy expenditure and substrate oxidation rates in lean humans.
abstract: Infusion of sodium acetate in lean humans results in a decrease in respiratory exchange ratio, which may be advantageous in patients with respiratory failure. However, this potential decrease in respiratory work was observed to be offset by significant thermogenesis. The metabolic effects of sodium acetate, sodium lactate, and sodium beta-hydroxybutyrate, infused at a rate of 20 mumol.kg-1.min-1 for 3 h, was monitored in six healthy human volunteers. Respiratory exchange ratio decreased from 0.85 +/- 0.02 at baseline to 0.75 +/- 0.02, 0.75 +/- 0.02, and 0.80 +/- 0.02, after acetate, lactate, or beta-hydroxybutyrate, respectively (P < 0.05 for each). Acetate produced a larger thermic effect (22.7% of energy infused) than did lactate (16.3%) or beta-hydroxybutyrate (13.6%). Thus, sodium salts of organic acids may potentially decrease the respiratory requirements by decreasing the respiratory exchange ratio. However, this effect is partially offset by the thermic effect of these substrates. The maximal doses and safety of these anions during larger infusion periods remain to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Switzerland.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chioléro
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mavrocordatos
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Burnier
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Cayeux
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schindler
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jéquier
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tappy
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019342:Acetic Acid; D000328:Adult; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007773:Lactates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D007773:Lactates; D019344:Lactic Acid; D019342:Acetic Acid; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid