The effect of food chemicals on cell aging of human diploid cells in in vitro culture.
The potency of food chemicals to induce cell aging was evaluated in human diploid fibroblast cells HAIN-55 having a finite replicative potential by using in vitro aging markers, i.e., decreases of maximum proliferative potential (lifespan) of cells, saturation density in monolayer culture (SD), plating efficiency (PE) and mitotic index (MI), and an increase of cells with polyploid karyotypes. By treatment twice with low concentration of genotoxic chemicals aflatoxin B1, allylisothiocyanate or trans-cinnamaldehyde (severe clastogenic flavoring agent; Kasamaki et al., 1982), lifespan (expressed by the number of cumulative cell population doubling (CPD)) of the treated cells was reduced by 8-12 CPDs accompanied by change of the other aging markers. By successive treatment (29 or 25 times) with non-genotoxic chemical aspartame (N-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine) or L-canavanine (structural analogue of L-arginine), lifespan of the treated cells was also slightly shortened (by 2-6 CPDs) compared with the untreated control cells. In the process of cell aging, Mitochondrial activity (MTT activity) decreased almost in parallel with the decrease of SD and MI. On the basis of these results, a variety of genotoxic and non-genotoxic chemicals were examined by using MTT activity as the aging marker for their effects on the aging of HAIN-55 cells and bovine artery endothelial cells which also had a finite replicative potential. The results showed that seven genotoxic and nine non-genotoxic chemicals promoted cell aging.
Kasamaki
A
A
Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical College, Japan.
Urasawa
S
S
D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D001218:Aspartame / Q000633:toxicity; D002172:Canavanine / Q000633:toxicity; D002417:Cattle; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000187:drug effects*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D005504:Food Analysis; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D017879:Isothiocyanates / Q000633:toxicity; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles
D017879:Isothiocyanates; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D002172:Canavanine; D016604:Aflatoxin B1; C004471:allyl isothiocyanate; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; C022616:thiazolyl blue; D001218:Aspartame