title: Short-term memory and temporal ordering in early Parkinson's disease: effects of disease chronicity and medication.
abstract: Studies of Parkinson's disease (PD) have shown impaired temporal ordering but interpretation may be confounded by task requirements and the effects of medication. We examined item recognition and recency discrimination in PD in relation to treatment and performance on other tests. Patients showed increased response latency and impaired recency discrimination only at short retention intervals. The deficits were greater in chronically medicated patients but treatment with levodopa, bromocriptine or anticholinergic drugs did not affect performance of newly diagnosed cases. The short-term memory deficits correlated with scores on tests of working memory, attention and executive function. These results do not indicate a generalised temporal ordering deficit in PD but suggest that much of the cognitive impairment in the disorder arises from attentional deficits affecting short-term and working memory.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Clinical Neurology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, U.K.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Sagar
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Sullivan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001971:Bromocriptine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007807:Language Tests; D007980:Levodopa / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis
chemical_list: D010276:Parasympatholytics; D001971:Bromocriptine; D007980:Levodopa