title: Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus by a medical waste disposal process using chlorine dioxide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the ability of a medical waste disposal process using chlorine dioxide to inactivate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).
  
  
  METHODS
  Stock HIV-1 (HTLV-IIIB strain) was treated with chlorine dioxide under the following settings: cell culture medium alone, culture medium with 25% blood, culture medium with medical supplies treated by the Condor machine (Winfield Environmental Corp., Escondido, CA). MT-2 cells in 96-well tissue culture plates were inoculated with serial tenfold dilutions of treated and untreated HIV-1. Cytopathic effect was read on day five, and the TCID50 (50% tissue culture infectious dose) was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment of HIV-1 with chlorine dioxide in culture medium alone resulted in a 5.25 log10 reduction in TCID50. Treatment of HIV-1 with chlorine dioxide in the presence of 25% blood caused a 6.25 log10 reduction in HIV-1 infectivity. Treatment of HIV-1 with chlorine dioxide in the presence of medical supplies treated in the Condor machine resulted in a 4.75 log10 reduction in HIV infectivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chlorine dioxide inactivated HIV-1 in vitro. Chlorine dioxide inactivated HIV-1 in the presence of blood and in the presence of medical supplies under conditions that simulated the conditions existing in the Condor machine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506-9163.
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Farr
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Walton
mesh_terms: D001769:Blood; D002713:Chlorine / Q000494:pharmacology; D017606:Chlorine Compounds; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D017744:Medical Waste Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D017606:Chlorine Compounds; D004202:Disinfectants; D017744:Medical Waste Disposal; D010087:Oxides; D002713:Chlorine; C025109:chlorine dioxide