title: Pharmacokinetics of saruplase, a recombinant unglycosylated human single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator and its effects on fibrinolytic and haemostatic parameters in healthy male subjects.
abstract: Pharmacokinetics of two doses of the recombinant single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (r-scu-PA) saruplase (40 and 20 mg) and its effect on fibrinolytic and haemostatic parameters were studied in six healthy male subjects using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Special precautions were taken to prevent artefactual in vitro effects on fibrinolytic activity. The clearance of saruplase ranged from 310 to 862 ml/min and the apparent volume of distribution of the central compartment was about 8 1. Both doses of saruplase caused alpha 2-antiplasmin consumption, indicating some systemic fibrinolytic activation. However, the 20 mg dose caused no detectable fibrinogen breakdown and only a small increase in total fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (TDP) (from 0.16 microgram/ml [range 0.14 to 0.19] to 0.78 microgram/ml [range 0.56 to 1.26]), while the 40 mg dose produce a fibrinogen breakdown to an average value of 44% (range 19 to 60%) and TDP increased from 0.12 microgram/ml (range 0.11-0.12) to 2.29 micrograms/ml (range 0.45 to 5.55). The breakdown of fibrinogen was related to the quantity of saruplase converted to active two-chain u-PA (tcu-PA) in vivo (6 to 22% conversion). There were no important effects of saruplase on overall blood coagulation (activated partial thromboplastin time) and platelet function (collagen induced platelet aggregation, urinary [2,3-dinor]-thromboxane B2 excretion and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 [PAI-1] release from platelets). Saruplase is cleared rapidly from the plasma and a variable amount is converted to tcu-PA. This two-chain form of u-PA probably causes the dose-dependent systemic fibrinolytic activation.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Human Drug Research, University Hospital Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Boer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kluft
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gerloff
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dooijewaard
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Günzler
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Beier
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: van der Meer
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000032:analysis; D010979:Platelet Function Tests; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator; C067551:saruplase