title: Anterior mediastinal lesions: transsternal biopsy with CT guidance. Work in progress.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the technique, results, and patient tolerance of transsternal biopsy of anterior mediastinal lesions under computed tomographic (CT) guidance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven patients (four women and three men) with anterior mediastinal lesions underwent eight transsternal biopsies. Patients were included in the study if there was a risk of injury to internal mammary vessels or a danger of tranversing the lung by the biopsy needle. Patients were specifically questioned about the pain caused by the transsternal needle. A pain scale was not used. Conscious sedation and local anesthesia requirements provided gross evaluation of the patients' tolerance to the procedure. CT scans were used to guide and confirm optimal alignment of the transsternal needle with the lesion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients experienced minimal discomfort when the sternum was traversed. No instances of pneumothorax, postprocedural pain, or infection were encountered. In six of the seven patients, biopsy specimens were diagnostic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The transsternal approach for biopsy of anterior mediastinal lesions appears safe and is well tolerated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, Medical Center 92103-8756.
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: D'Agostino
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Laoide
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oglevie
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Russack
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gonzalez Villaveiran
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: vanSonnenberg
mesh_terms: D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008482:Mediastinum / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000517:prevention & control; D013249:Sternum; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed