title: An inhibitor of thromboxane production attenuates tumor necrosis factor release by activated human alveolar macrophages.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) are major products of the activated alveolar macrophage and serve as key mediators of lung injury. In order to determine if the synthesis of TXA2 and the release of TNF alpha are associated, the production of these inflammatory agents by the human alveolar macrophage (AM), as a result of activation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), was assessed in the absence and presence of the thromboxane synthase inhibitors UK 38,485 (Dazmegrel) and OKY 046. UK 38,485 and OKY 046 inhibited both LPS-stimulated TXA2 production and TNF alpha release in a dose-dependent manner. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production was not increased by UK 38,485 or OKY 046. Neither LPS nor UK 38,485 had any effect on LTB4 production by AM. Neither UK 38,485 or OKY 046 had any effect on LPS-stimulated interleukin-1 beta release. However, the TXA2 mimetic, U46619, did not stimulate TNF alpha release by AM either in the absence or presence of UK 38,485. These findings suggest that 1) UK 38,485 and OKY 046 are inhibitors of both TXA2 production and TNF alpha release by activated human AM, 2) UK 38,485 probably does not exert its inhibitory action on TNF alpha release through effects on eicosanoid production and 3) the possibility that TNF alpha- and TXA2-induced lung injury may be subject to amelioration by imidazole-based compounds should be further evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey 17033.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Stauffer
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Gaydos
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Lacey
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Demers
mesh_terms: D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011450:Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013930:Thromboxane-A Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008689:Methacrylates; D011450:Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; C039242:dazmegrel; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; D013930:Thromboxane-A Synthase; C034364:ozagrel