Chemokines and serpentines: the molecular biology of chemokine receptors.
Chemokines are pro-inflammatory molecules with a diverse array of biological and biochemical functions. These molecules induce the migration of a number of leukocyte subsets including monocytes, neutrophils, and T-cells. The recent cloning of the IL-8, GRO, and MIP-1 alpha chemokine receptors revealed that these glycoproteins belong to the serpentine family of seven transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors. Other members of this family include the chemotactic receptors for fMLP and C5a, indicating that a common pathway for eliciting the directional migration of leukocytes is probably transduced via G proteins. Ligand binding to chemokine receptors is complex, featured by multiple chemokines binding to a single receptor and multiple receptors binding a specific ligand. Future directions in this field appear to be focused on the cloning of novel receptors and the identification of ligands for orphaned receptors.
Kelvin
D J
DJ
Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21702.
Michiel
D F
DF
Johnston
J A
JA
Lloyd
A R
AR
Sprenger
H
H
Oppenheim
J J
JJ
Wang
J M
JM
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000737:chemistry*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000737:chemistry*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D012243:Rhodopsin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D016207:Cytokines; D016209:Interleukin-8; D011955:Receptors, Drug; D012243:Rhodopsin