title: Test performance of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein in assessing the severity of acute pelvic inflammatory disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to evaluate the test performance of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum C-reactive protein in assessing the severity of acute pelvic inflammatory disease and to determine clinically useful cutoff levels to discriminate mild from severe pelvic inflammatory disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of 72 women with acute pelvic inflammatory disease verified by laparoscopy and endometrial histopathologic studies; 37 patients had mild and 35 had severe pelvic inflammatory disease. Cutoff levels for erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were determined to reach best sensitivity and specificity to discriminate between severe and mild disease. Clinical and microbiologic data were analyzed by chi 2, or t test. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors for severe pelvic inflammatory disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with severe pelvic inflammatory disease had higher erythrocyte sedimentation rates and C-reactive protein levels than did those with mild disease. In detecting severe disease an erythrocyte sedimentation rate > or = 40 mm/hr and C-reactive protein levels > or = 60 mg/L had a sensitivity of 97%, a specificity of 61%, a negative predictive value of 96%, and a positive predictive value of 70%. All patients with tuboovarian abscess or perihepatitis and six of seven patients who had anaerobic bacteria isolated from the fallopian tubes tested positive with these cutoff levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined use of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein levels is useful in assessing the severity of acute pelvic inflammatory disease and augments the clinical decision making regarding treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Miettinen
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Heinonen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Laippala
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paavonen
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D001799:Blood Sedimentation; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein