title: Safety and efficacy of recombinant hirudin (CGP 39 393) versus heparin in patients with stable angina undergoing coronary angioplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Enhanced thrombin activity has been associated with acute and long-term complications following balloon angioplasty (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). We evaluated, in a 2-to-1 randomized, double-blind trial, the effects of recombinant hirudin, CGP 39 393, relative to unfractionated sodium heparin on periprocedural events, bleeding, early angiographic outcome, and coagulation in 113 patients with stable angina undergoing PTCA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prior to PTCA, 20 mg CGP 39 393 was administered as a bolus, followed by continuous infusion at a rate of 0.16 mg.kg-1 x h-1, or 10,000 IU sodium heparin was administered as a bolus and continued at a rate of 12 IU.kg-1 x h-1 for 24 hours. Infusion was adjusted to activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) levels. ST segment was monitored for 24 hours, and angiograms were analyzed with quantitative technique (QCA). In 74 CGP 39 393- and 39 heparin-treated patients, 132 lesions were dilated. Myocardial infarction and/or emergency coronary bypass surgery occurred in 1 (1.4%) CGP 39 393 patient compared with 4 (10.3%) heparin patients (relative risk, 7.6; 95% confidence interval, 0.9, 65.6). At 24 hours, complete perfusion was present in 91% heparin and 100% CGP 39 393 patients. Significant ST segment displacement was found in 11% of heparin versus 4% of CGP 39 393 subjects. Bleeding occurred only at the puncture site in 4 CGP 39 393-treated patients. QCA did not reveal significant differences between the groups. APTT values were more often in the target range and more stable in CGP 39 393 patients. Levels of thrombin-antithrombin III complexes, prothrombin fragment F1+2, and fibrinopeptide A indicated that CGP 39 393 was an effective inhibitor of thrombin activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CGP 39 393 can safely be administered to patients undergoing elective PTCA for stable anginal symptoms and may have a more favorable anticoagulant profile than heparin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hospital De Klokkenberg, Breda, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: van den Bos
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Deckers
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Heyndrickx
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Laarman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suryapranata
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zijlstra
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Close
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rijnierse
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Buller
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Serruys
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy*; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003720:Densitometry; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced; D006493:Heparin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D024764:Hirudin Therapy; D006629:Hirudins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006629:Hirudins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006493:Heparin; C060225:desirudin