title: A variant of t-PA (T103N, KHRR 296-299 AAAA) that, by bolus, has increased potency and decreased systemic activation of plasminogen.
abstract: In the accompanying paper, we reported that the properties of decreased plasma clearance rate, increased fibrin specificity, and resistance to inactivation by PAI-1 could be effectively combined in the t-PA variant T103N, KHRR 296-299 AAAA. In the current study we evaluated the in vivo efficacy of this variant as well as variants containing the individual mutations T103N and KHRR 296-299 AAAA. Plasma clearance and in vivo lysis of whole blood and platelet-rich clots were determined in a rabbit arterio-venous shunt model. The T103N containing variants were administered as an intravenous (i.v.) bolus. KHRR 296-299 AAAA and t-PA were infused i.v. over 90 min. The clearance rate of the KHRR 296-299 AAAA variant was similar to t-PA. However, the clearance of the T103N and T103N, KHRR 296-299 AAAA variants were 8 and 6-fold reduced, respectively. Potency of the variants relative to t-PA on whole blood clots ranged from 0.9 (T103N, KHRR 296-299 AAAA) to 1.7 (T103N). Relative potency on platelet-rich clots ranged from 2.4 (T103N) to 4.2 (T103N, KHRR 296-299 AAAA). Fibrinogen concentrations in rabbits 120 min after dosing with a 2.5 mg/kg bolus were: 24, 16, 82, and 77% of initial for t-PA; T103N; KHRR 296-299 AAAA; and T103N, KHRR 296-299 AAAA treatment groups, respectively. These results suggest that the T103N, KHRR 296-299 AAAA variant of t-PA, given as a bolus, could result in greater efficacy, particularly on refractory platelet-rich clots, without inducing the severe systemic lytic state produced by a bolus of a less fibrin specific variant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Research, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Refino
authors.forename: N F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Paoni
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Keyt
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Pater
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Badillo
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Wurm
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ogez
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Bennett
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D010974:Platelet Aggregation; D011817:Rabbits; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C083865:T103N; C083866:T103N, KHRR 296-299 AAAA; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator