title: Failed back surgery syndrome. Part II: Surgical techniques, implant choice, and operative results in 171 patients with instability of the lumbar spine.
abstract: 171 patients with an instability-related failed back surgery syndrome underwent internal fixation. The operative indication was based on specific diagnostic procedures such as anaesthesia of articular nerves and the trial external immobilization in a plaster jacket. Taking account of the different types of hypermobility/instability of the lumbar spine, different spinal implants were used leading to excellent, good, satisfactory, moderate and poor results in 87 (53%), 42 (26%), 23 (14%), 9 (6%) and 2 (1%) patients, respectively.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Markwalder
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Battaglia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001860:Bone Plates; D001863:Bone Screws; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D007595:Joint Prosthesis; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D011859:Radiography; D012086:Reoperation; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013577:Syndrome