title: Nycterohemeral eating and ruminating patterns in heifers fed grass or corn silage: analysis by finite Fourier transform.
abstract: Average daily and within-day nycterohemeral patterns of eating and ruminating behavior were determined in six Holstein-Friesian heifers (average BW = 427 kg) given ad libitum access to either corn or grass silage in a two-period crossover design. Rhythm components (number of cycles/24 h) were characterized by finite Fourier transform of the 24-h mastication activities as measured during 4 d by continuous jaw movement recordings. Average daily voluntary intake of corn silage was 8.2% greater (P = .05) than that for grass silage and was associated (P < .05) with fewer meals and shorter daily, unitary eating and ruminating times, and smaller number of rumination boli. Analysis of variance of the daily mean of hourly activities and Rhythm Components 1 to 12 indicated effects of (P < .05) silage type (S), animal (A), period (P), and a significant interaction (S x A x P) for each mastication activity. The finite Fourier transform was reparameterized to express the amplitude (as periodograms) and phase of each rhythm component. Rhythm Components 1, 3, and 4 contributed primarily to explaining the total dispersion of the 24-h series of time spent eating and ruminating, for both silage types and individual heifers. Relative importance of Rhythm Component 1 of time spent eating, indicative of a main circadian pattern, was related positively to pedigree value for milk production (P = .01) and negatively to milk protein concentration (P = .09).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Deswysen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dutilleul
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Godfrin
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D004435:Eating; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D007774:Lactation; D008409:Mastication; D006109:Poaceae; D011897:Random Allocation; D012820:Silage; D003313:Zea mays