title: SIR3 and SIR4 proteins are required for the positioning and integrity of yeast telomeres.
abstract: Heritable inactivation of genes occurs in specific chromosomal domains located at the silent mating type loci and at telomeres of S. cerevisiae. The SIR genes (for silent information regulators) are trans-acting factors required for this repression mechanism. We show here that the SIR3 and SIR4 gene products have a sub-nuclear localization similar to the telomere-associated RAP1 protein, which is found primarily in foci at the nuclear periphery of fixed yeast spheroplasts. In strains deficient for either SIR3 or SIR4, telomeres lose their perinuclear localization, as monitored by RAP1 immunofluorescence. The length of the telomeric repeat shortens in sir3 and sir4 mutant strains, and the mitotic stability of chromosome V is reduced. These data suggest that SIR3 and SIR4 are required for both the integrity and subnuclear localization of yeast telomeres, the loss of which correlates with loss of telomere-associated gene repression.
authors.affiliation: Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Epalinges s/Lausanne.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Palladino
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Laroche
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gilson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Axelrod
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pillus
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Gasser
mesh_terms: D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D000072235:Mating Factor; D008938:Mitosis; D016296:Mutagenesis; D009154:Mutation; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D038281:Silent Information Regulator Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D016615:Telomere / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D020668:rap GTP-Binding Proteins
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010455:Peptides; C084122:SIR3 protein, S cerevisiae; C061573:SIR4 protein, S cerevisiae; D038281:Silent Information Regulator Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D015534:Trans-Activators; D000072235:Mating Factor; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D020668:rap GTP-Binding Proteins