Gastric DNA-binding proteins recognize upstream sequence motifs of parietal cell-specific genes.
Polymerase chain reaction amplification of cDNA from pig gastric mucosa demonstrated the presence of zinc-finger proteins called GATA-GT1, GATA-GT2, and GATA-GT3, each having zinc-finger sequences similar to previously characterized GATA-binding proteins. Subsequently, full-length cDNAs of GATA-GT1 and GATA-GT2 were obtained from rat stomach. The zinc-finger domains of GATA-GT1 and -GT2 were 66-86% identical on the amino acid level with each other and with other GATA-binding proteins. Potential protein kinase phosphorylation sites were present in the zinc-finger region. In contrast, regions outside the zinc fingers shared significantly lower similarities. GATA-GT2 was found to bind to the upstream sequence of the H+/K(+)-ATPase beta gene and to a sequence containing the GATA motif. GATA-GT1 and -GT2 were expressed predominantly in the gastric mucosa and at much lower levels in the intestine (GATA-GT2, also in testis), their tissue distributions being distinct from those of GATA-1, -2, or -3. These results clearly suggest that GATA-GT1 and GATA-GT2 are involved in gene regulation specifically in the gastric epithelium and represent two additional members of the GATA-binding protein family.
Tamura
S
S
Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Osaka University, Japan.
Wang
X H
XH
Maeda
M
M
Futai
M
M
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D050991:GATA4 Transcription Factor; D050993:GATA6 Transcription Factor; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000502:physiology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013552:Swine; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D016335:Zinc Fingers
D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050991:GATA4 Transcription Factor; D050993:GATA6 Transcription Factor; C084365:Gata4 protein, rat; C084364:Gata6 protein, rat; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors