title: Efficacy and timed sequence analyses of modified single-injection peribulbar anesthesia.
abstract: This study evaluated a modified single-injection technique of administering peribulbar anesthesia. All 150 eyes achieved complete lid anesthesia; 49 eyes (32.7%) demonstrating exophthalmos after injection achieved excellent (grade 1) instantaneous ocular akinesia. Sequence of timed events after injection included lid anesthesia (60.2 +/- 15.33 seconds), lid akinesia (75.18 +/- 15.33), lateral rectus akinesia (90.19 +/- 2.13), inferior rectus akinesia (140.44 +/- 17.51), superior rectus akinesia (229.60 +/- 15.23), and medial rectus akinesia (250.42 +/- 18.99). Peribulbar anesthesia, when successful, achieved complete akinesia in fewer than five minutes. In 12 eyes (8%), the peribulbar injection had to be repeated. For routine intraocular surgery, we recommend this efficacious, safe technique without the use of a separate facial block.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Saini
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Roysarkar
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Grewal
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D002045:Bupivacaine; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D005143:Eyelids / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine; D008405:Massage; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008012:Lidocaine; D002045:Bupivacaine