[Accumulation of a disopyramide metabolite in renal failure].
Twenty-nine cases of hypoglycemia induced by disopyramide (DP) have been reported in the literature to date. Twenty of the reported cases showed hypo-renal function and a high concentration was rare. DP is metabolized to mono-N-dealkyldisopyramide (MND) in the liver and accumulation of MND is to be expected in renal failure. Both DP and MND bind mainly to alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) in the plasma. In 10 hemodialysis (HD) patients with normal liver function receiving DP therapy in the steady state. DP, MND and AAG were measured pre- and post-HD. Ten patients with normal renal and liver function were selected as the controls. The DP concentration was 2.08 +/- 0.39 micrograms/ml (mean +/- SD) in the control group, and the pre- and post-HD levels were 2.40 +/- 1.08 micrograms/ml and 1.73 +/- 0.87 micrograms/ml, respectively, in the HD group. The MND concentration was 0.42 +/- 0.23 micrograms/ml in the controls, 1.53 +/- 0.52 micrograms/ml in pre-HD and 1.08 +/- 0.32 micrograms/ml in post-HD. Although DP and MND are both classified as substances of small molecular weight, the average decrease in plasma concentration from pre- to post-HD was under 30% with both agents. The MND/DP ratio in the HD group was higher than in the controls, but there was no significant difference between pre- and post-HD. The AAG level was 75 +/- 5mg/dl in the controls and 109 +/- 11mg/dl before HD in the HD group (P < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Otsu
T
T
Department of Pharmacy, Chukyo Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
Ito
T
T
Inagaki
Y
Y
Amano
I
I
Masamoto
S
S
Niwa
M
M
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004206:Disopyramide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis
C030438:4-(isopropylamino)-2-(2-pyridyl)-2-phenylbutyramide; D004206:Disopyramide