title: In vitro activity of cefpodoxime compared with other oral cephalosporins tested against 5556 recent clinical isolates from five medical centers.
abstract: A multicenter study was conducted in which the in vitro activity of cefpodoxime (the active metabolite of the prodrug ester cefpodoxime proxetil) was compared with those of cefixime, cefuroxime, cefaclor, cefadroxil, and clarithromycin against 5556 recent clinical isolates. Cefpodoxime demonstrated potent activity against members of the Enterobacteriaceae, in particular against species generally resistant to the established oral cephalosporins such as Proteus vulgaris [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)50, 0.12 microgram/ml], Providencia rettgeri (MIC50, 0.015 microgram/ml), and Serratia marcescens (MIC50, 2 micrograms/ml). Cefpodoxime was very effective against the fastidious organisms most frequently associated with respiratory infections, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC90, 0.12 microgram/ml), Haemophilus influenzae (MIC90, 0.12 microgram/ml), and Moraxella catarrhalis (MIC90, 1 microgram/ml). In contrast to other orally administrated third-generation cephalosporins (cefixime or ceftibuten), cefpodoxime demonstrated reasonable activity against oxacillin-susceptible staphylococci, with MIC50 ranging from 1 to 2 micrograms/ml. All cephalosporins tested demonstrated poor activity against Pseudomonas spp., Xanthomonas spp., Enterococcus spp., and oxacillin-resistant staphylococci. Cefpodoxime had the widest spectrum of activity of all tested oral cephalosporins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City 52242.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sader
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Washington
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Gerlach
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Erwin
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D015296:Ceftizoxime / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D000097623:Cefpodoxime
chemical_list: D015296:Ceftizoxime; D002511:Cephalosporins; D017291:Clarithromycin; D000097623:Cefpodoxime