title: [Cancers related to tobacco smoking].
abstract: Tobacco smoking is the major cause of lung cancer. Cigarette smokers have a risk of lung cancer 10 to 15 times greater than nonsmokers. Tobacco and alcohol are the main risk factors for cancers of oral cavity, larynx, pharynx and oesophagus (cancers of the upper respiratory and upper digestive tract) and the effects of tobacco and alcohol are multiplicative. For these cancers, the risk associated with tobacco was about 2 to 4 among people who drink little or no alcohol. Risks of lung cancer and of cancers of the upper respiratory and upper digestive tract increase with an increasing number of cigarettes smoked per day and duration of smoking. Tobacco is also a risk factor for bladder cancer. Cigarette smoking is a possible contributory factor in the development of kidney, pancreatic and cervical cancers. Among males, lung cancer mortality increased regularly over time and today, lung cancer is the leading cause of death and illness from cancer. Substantial reductions in the number of deaths from tobacco-related cancers could be achieved if a large proportion of smokers stopped smoking.
authors.affiliation: Unité de recherches en épidémiologie des cancers de l'INSERM (U351), Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Benhamou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000401:mortality; D010039:Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology
vernacular_title: Les cancers liés au tabac.