title: Late effects of cardiomyoplasty on left ventricular mechanics and diastolic filling.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dynamic cardiomyoplasty is a relatively new surgical procedure proposed for treatment of severe myocardial failure. Limited clinical experience suggests that this procedure reverses congestive heart failure, improving the long-term survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this investigation, the late effects (16.5 +/- 4.8 months after surgery) of cardiomyoplasty on left ventricular mechanics and diastolic filling were studied in eight male patients (mean age, 45 +/- 7 years). The investigation was performed with the myostimulator on and off (24 +/- 1 hours off) using a microtip catheter to obtain the left ventricular pressures simultaneously with Doppler (inflow velocities) and M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiographic recordings. Statistical comparisons were made with Student's t test for paired data. Dynamic cardiomyoplasty increased the maximal elastance (17 +/- 1 versus 21 +/- 1 mm Hg/cm, P = .006) and decreased the systolic wall stress (253 +/- 17 versus 190 +/- 12 g/cm2, P = .029). Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure decreased (27.1 +/- 2.8 versus 17.6 +/- 1.7 mm Hg, P = .019), as did end-diastolic circumferential wall stress (69 +/- 8 versus 37 +/- 5 g/cm2, P = .002). The chamber and muscle stiffnesses decreased (120 +/- 31 versus 52 +/- 11 mm Hg/cm, P = .017; 994 +/- 185 versus 426 +/- 76 g/cm2, P = .002, respectively). The pattern of left ventricular diastolic filling changed, with a decrease of early peak flow (231 +/- 20 versus 217 +/- 21 mL/s, P = .022), of deceleration time (163 +/- 28 versus 116 +/- 26 seconds, P = .001), and of flow area during rapid filling (105 +/- 15 versus 75 +/- 12 mL, P = .004) and an increase of flow area during atrial contraction (39 +/- 4 versus 88 +/- 9 mL, P = .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our detailed evaluation of left ventricular mechanics demonstrates that cardiomyoplasty has significant multiple beneficial effects on dilated myopathic heart.
authors.affiliation: Instituto do Coração da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bellotti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bocchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arie
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jatene
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pileggi
mesh_terms: D001243:Assisted Circulation / Q000379:methods; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D009132:Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*