title: A three-dimensional stereotactic device for computed tomography-guided invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A three-dimensional stereotactic technique is presented as an improvement in precision needle placement for percutaneous diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  This method uses transaxial computed tomography (CT) imaging for the selection of the optimal target path, and it employs a three-dimensional stereotactic device designed to match precisely the CT parameters in a three-dimensional space.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In selected cases, we reached targets as small as 1 to 2 cm while avoiding vital structures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our hands, in selected cases, this has been a simple, safe, and accurate technique for improvement of percutaneous diagnostic and therapeutic procedures under CT guidance.
authors.affiliation: Tysons High Tech Medical Center, Vienna, VA 22182.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Koutrouvelis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Louie
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heilen
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Koulizakis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koutrouvelis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D015641:Radiography, Interventional / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed