title: Broiler chick and laying hen tolerance to sodium hypochlorite in drinking water.
abstract: Two broiler and two laying hen experiments were conducted to establish threshold levels for sodium hypochlorite use in poultry drinking water. Both broiler experiments were of 21-days duration, and the first and second hen experiments ran for 8 and 4 wk, respectively. A 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution was used to provide chloride levels of 0, 10, 100, or 500 ppm in the first broiler study and 0, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, or 450 ppm in the second study. Comparable sodium levels from sodium bicarbonate were additional treatments in the first broiler experiment. The initial hen study had drinking water treatments of 0, 50, or 100 ppm chloride whereas in the second study, treatments varied from 0 to 70 ppm chloride at 10-ppm intervals. In chick experiments, water intake was reduced by 100 ppm chloride and body weight by 300 ppm. Hen experiments demonstrated the adverse effect level to be 40 ppm for water consumption and 60 ppm for egg production when the application was to pullets producing eggs at a high rate in warm weather. Water consumption of older hens in cooler weather was adversely affected by 50 ppm chloride, but egg production, egg weight, or daily feed intake was not reduced by 100 ppm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Science, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611-0930.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Damron
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Flunker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development*; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006128:Growth / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000633:toxicity*; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite