Hepatic stages of malaria: specific and non-specific factors inhibiting the development.
Protection against pre-erythrocytic stages of malaria is possible, as demonstrated by the resistance obtained by immunizing with irradiated sporozoites. However, the involved mechanisms are more numerous and intricate than previously believed. Recently, the hepatic stage, rather than the sporozoite stage, has been seen as the target of immune attack.
Mazier
D
D
INSERM U 313, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
Rénia
L
L
Pied
S
S
Nussler
A
A
Marussig
M
M
Landau
I
I
Miltgen
F
F
Grillot
D
D
Del Giudice
G
G
Grau
G
G
D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D008099:Liver / Q000469:parasitology*; D008288:Malaria / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D010961:Plasmodium / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology / Q000528:radiation effects; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
D016207:Cytokines; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D001120:Arginine