title: Antioxidant MDL 29,311 prevents diabetes in nonobese diabetic and multiple low-dose STZ-injected mice.
abstract: Recent investigations suggest a role for antioxidants in preventing IDDM. MDL 29,311 (4,4'-[methylenebis(thio)]bis](1,1- dimethylethyl)]-phenol) is an analogue of the antioxidant probucol. Administered as a 1% dietary admixture to female nonobese diabetic mice from 4 to 24 wk of age, MDL reduced the prevalence of diabetes from 49 to 4% at 24 wk of age (n = 50-61/group). Discontinuation of treatment at 24 wk of age did not result in a rapid onset of diabetes. Probucol (1%) did not prevent diabetes. Initiating MDL treatment at 4 or 8 wk of age was more effective (19 and 17%, respectively, compared with 60% in control mice) than initiating treatment at 12 wk of age (30% diabetic; n = 28-35/group). A lower dose of MDL (0.1%), started at 4 wk of age, decreased the prevalence of diabetes to 36%. Histopathology indicated that MDL did not prevent insulitis. MDL (0.1%) also was evaluated in combination with immunosuppressants. Compared with control mice (65% diabetic), the combination of MDL and deflazacort was more effective (21% diabetic) than either agent alone (39% diabetic for MDL and 59% diabetic for deflazacort), whereas the effectiveness of MDL, cyclosporin, and MDL plus cyclosporin was similar (39, 38, and 34% diabetic, respectively). In another model of IDDM, the multiple-low-dose streptozocin-injected mouse, MDL (1%) also reduced the prevalence of diabetes when administered beginning 8 wk before streptozocin (55% diabetic vs. 100% of control mice; n = 20-25/group). Probucol (1%) was ineffective. MDL appears effective in preventing the onset of disease in two mouse models of IDDM.
authors.affiliation: Marion Merrell Dow Research Institute, Cincinnati, OH 45215.
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Heineke
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Dillberger
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001284:Atrophy; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011341:Probucol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; C071022:MDL 29311; D011341:Probucol