title: In vitro deleterious effect of hypoxanthine in Ham's Nutrient Mixture F-10 culture medium on human oocyte fertilization and early embryonic development.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether hypoxanthine in Ham's Nutrient Mixture F-10 (GIBCO, Grand Island, NY) culture medium affects murine embryo development or the outcome of patients undergoing IVF-ET.
  
  
  METHODS
  For the two-cell embryo bioassay, embryos from each female were equally distributed and incubated in Ham's F-10 with or without hypoxanthine supplementation for up to 72 hours. To assess the effect of hypoxanthine in human IVF-ET, oocytes, sperm, and embryos were cultured in Ham's F-10 medium with or without hypoxanthine. Fertilization and embryo cleavage were assessed at 18 and 40 hours, respectively, after insemination.
  
  
  METHODS
  University medical research laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine couples undergoing IVF-ET.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two-cell mouse embryos incubated for 24 hours without hypoxanthine developed 40% to morula, compared with 6.5% for the hypoxanthine group. At 72 hours, 99.5% of the embryos without hypoxanthine reached the expanded blastocyst stage with 65% of them exhibiting hatching, compared with 72% and 19.5%, respectively, for the group with hypoxanthine. Human oocytes cultured in Ham's F-10 without hypoxanthine showed higher fertilization rates than the group incubated in the presence of hypoxanthine (69% versus 53%). The proportion of cleaved embryos was not different between the two culture media; however, the rate of embryos cleaving without cytoplasmic fragments was significantly higher in the group without hypoxanthine (75% versus 35%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ham's F-10 medium containing hypoxanthine significantly reduced embryo development in the two-cell mouse embryo bioassay. Hypoxanthine in culture medium for IVF-ET may have a deleterious effect on human gametes, leading to decreased fertilization and increased incidence of cytoplasmic fragments in the conceptuses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bastias
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: McGee-Belser
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Vasquez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000187:drug effects*; D003470:Culture Media; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D019271:Hypoxanthine; D007042:Hypoxanthines / Q000633:toxicity*; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009028:Morula / Q000187:drug effects*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D007042:Hypoxanthines; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; C083923:nutrient mixture F-10 Ham; D019271:Hypoxanthine