title: Regional specificity of peak hyperemic response in patients with congestive heart failure: correlation with peak aerobic capacity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare peak reactive hyperemic blood flows in the forearm and calf of patients with congestive heart failure and in age- and gender-matched normal subjects. In addition, we attempted to correlate peak oxygen consumption with forearm and calf peak reactive hyperemic flows in the patients with heart failure.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Disparate results have been reported regarding forearm peak reactive hyperemia in patients with congestive heart failure. Because training significantly increases peak reactive hyperemic flow in normal subjects, we hypothesized that in patients with congestive heart failure who curtail walking because of exertional symptoms, calf peak reactive hyperemic flow would be preferentially attenuated and that impairment of calf vasculature may correlate with peak oxygen consumption.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forearm and calf blood flows were measured by venous occlusive plethysmography at rest and after 5 min of arterial occlusion in 46 patients with congestive heart failure and 7 age- and gender-matched normal subjects. Peak oxygen consumption was measured during graded exercise on a bicycle ergometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Calf peak reactive hyperemic flow was lower in patients with congestive heart failure than in normal subjects (22 +/- 1 vs. 32.5 +/- 3.5 ml/min per 100 ml, p < 0.001), whereas forearm peak reactive hyperemic flows were similar in the two groups. Calf peak reactive hyperemic flow was linearly related to peak oxygen consumption (r = 0.58, p < 0.0001), but forearm peak reactive hyperemic flow was not. Forearm and calf peak reactive hyperemic flows were not related at rest or after 5 min of arterial occlusion in the patients with heart failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calf peak reactive hyperemic flow is reduced in patients with congestive heart failure, whereas forearm peak reactive hyperemic flow is identical to that of age- and gender-matched normal subjects. Calf peak reactive hyperemic flow is linearly related to peak oxygen consumption in patients with congestive heart failure, but forearm peak reactive hyperemic flow is not.
authors.affiliation: Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Boulogne, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jondeau
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Toussaint
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dubourg
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Monrad
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bourdarias
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: LeJemtel
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007866:Leg / Q000098:blood supply*; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010991:Plethysmography; D012146:Rest; D016138:Walking