title: Iodine replacement in fibrocystic disease of the breast.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the response of patients with fibrocystic breast disease to iodine replacement therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of three clinical studies beginning in 1975: an uncontrolled study with sodium iodide and protein-bound iodide; a prospective, control, crossover study from iodide to molecular iodine; and a prospective, control, double-blind study with molecular iodine.
  
  
  METHODS
  University affiliated breast-treatment clinics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study 1: 233 volunteers received sodium iodide for 2 years and 588 received protein-bound iodide for 5 years. Study 2: the treatment of 145 patients from study 1 treated with protein-bound iodide for several months who still had symptoms was switched to molecular iodine 0.08 mg/kg; 108 volunteers were treated initially with molecular iodine. Study 3: 23 patients received molecular iodine, 0.07 to 0.09 mg/kg body weight; 33 received an aqueous mixture of brown vegetable dye and quinine. The numbers in study 2 increased over the review period so that 1365 volunteers were being treated with molecular iodine by 1989.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients in study 3 had pre- and post-treatment mammography and measurement of serum triiodothyronine, thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjective evaluation--freedom from pain--and objective evaluation--resolution of fibrosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Study 1: 70% of subjects treated with sodium iodide had clinical improvement in their breast disease, but the rate of side effects was high; 40% of patients treated with protein-bound iodide had clinical improvement. Study 2: 74% of patients in the crossover series had clinical improvement, and objective improvement was noted in 72% of those who received molecular iodine initially. Study 3: in the treatment group 65% had subjective and objective improvement; in the control group there was a subjective placebo effect in 33% and an objective deterioration of 3%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fibrocystic breast reacts differently to sodium iodide, protein-bound iodide and molecular iodine. Molecular iodine is nonthyrotropic and was the most beneficial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Queen's University, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Kingston, Ont.
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Ghent
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Eskin
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Low
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Hill
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005348:Fibrocystic Breast Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012974:Sodium Iodide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D007455:Iodine; D012974:Sodium Iodide