Geographic variation in human immunodeficiency virus seroconversion rates in the U.S. Navy.
The Navy population is centered around 19 U.S. home ports and several inland duty stations. This is a study of variation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroconversions in Navy enlisted men by location in the United States, based on 949,570 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and 812 seroconversions during 1987-90. Seroconversion rates were higher in personnel in San Francisco (p = 0.0004), Washington, D.C. (p = 0.001), and Orlando, FL (p = 0.04) than in other areas. They were lower in Charleston, SC, New London, CT, Seattle; and Brunswick, ME (p < 0.05). Black men had triple the seroconversion rate of all other men (p < 0.0001). After adjustment for race, age, marital status, and occupation, risk of seroconversion remained high in San Francisco (p = 0.02) and Orlando (p = 0.03). The risk of seroconversion in San Francisco was twice that of other areas in a cohort that did not change location (p = 0.01). In contrast to declining trends overall in the Navy, rates did not decrease in Washington, D.C., a result consistent with previous calculations indicating a delayed second wave of HIV infection in the region.
Garland
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Division of Epidemiology, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California 92186-5122.
Garland
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Gorham
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Miller
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Brodine
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Fallon
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Balazs
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D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000367:Age Factors; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel; D009326:Naval Medicine; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People