title: ICAM-3, the third LFA-1 counterreceptor, is a co-stimulatory molecule for both resting and activated T lymphocytes.
abstract: Optimal activation of human T cells mediated by ligation of CD3/T cell receptor (TcR) complex requires co-stimulatory signals. These can be provided by the adhesive interaction between receptor molecules on T cells and their counter-receptors on antigen-presenting cells. Soluble ICAM-3, anti-ICAM-3 and anti-CD3 mAb were utilized to address the role of the ICAM-3/LFA-1 pathway in TcR/CD3-dependent or -independent T cell activation. Immunoaffinity-purified ICAM-3 co-immobilized with suboptimal concentrations of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) stimulated T lymphocytes as monitored by the expression of the lymphocyte activation antigens CD25 and CD69. The mechanism underlaying this activation appear to involve the interaction of ICAM-3 with a beta 2 integrin, likely to be LFA-1, since mAb to the CD18 chain completely inhibited T cell activation. Similar experiments demonstrated that anti-ICAM-3 mAb were able to co-stimulate both resting (cord blood) and activated (T cell clones) T lymphocytes. On the contrary, anti-ICAM-1 mAb were only co-stimulatory for CD25 expression on activated but not on resting T cells. In addition, we have found that some gamma delta T cell clones bearing the V delta 1 segment were activated by direct mAb engagement of ICAM-3 in the absence of TcR/CD3 occupancy. Furthermore, immobilized anti-ICAM-3 mAb also induced development of dendritic processes. In conclusion, our data suggest that ICAM-3 on the surface of both T cells and antigen-presenting cells plays an essential role in the initiation of the immune response.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica B e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hernandez-Caselles
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Campanero
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: del Pozo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muro
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Madrid
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aparicio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D017252:CD3 Complex; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C483616:ICAM3 protein, human; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta