title: Vaginal infections in diabetic women: is empiric antifungal therapy appropriate?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes mellitus is reported to predispose women to vaginal candidiasis and hence patients attending busy diabetic clinics are often treated empirically with antifungal agents for genital symptoms.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the etiology of vaginal infections in diabetic women and to determine appropriateness of empiric antifungal therapy for symptomatic women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study performed on consecutive patients attending two diabetic clinics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diabetic clinics serving developing communities belonging to two ethnic groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and one women (101 African and 100 Indian) comprising 90 women with symptoms of pruritus vulvae and/or vaginal discharge and 111 asymptomatic women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Candidiasis (50% vs. 24%; P = 0.012) and bacterial vaginosis (28% vs. 8%; P = 0.017) occurred significantly more frequently in symptomatic African women compared to asymptomatic African women. Among Indian women bacterial vaginosis (28% vs. 5%; P = 0.026) occurred more frequently in symptomatic women. The prevalence of trichomoniasis was similar in symptomatic and asymptomatic women of both ethnic groups. Mixed vaginal infections were detected significantly more often in African compared to Indian women (24% vs. 5%; P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In diabetic women with genital symptoms, an attempt at diagnosis should be made prior to commencement of therapy. However, in busy clinics with overstressed facilities where investigations cannot be performed, the use of empiric antifungal therapy alone is not appropriate and consideration should be given to the use of an antifungal plus a nitroimidazole agent which would be effective for both trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Natal, Durban, South Africa.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hoosen
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Peer
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Seedat
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van den Ende
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Omar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D044383:Black People; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D014247:Trichomonas Vaginitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D014627:Vaginitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D016585:Vaginosis, Bacterial / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents