title: Technique for prolonged, minimally invasive monitoring of intragastric pH in ponies.
abstract: Intragastric pH monitoring was investigated in ponies. In cadaver stomachs, close contact with the mucosa led to high pH readings if nonweighted electrodes were used. However, pH recorded by weighted electrodes was markedly less affected by mucosal contact (P < 0.001). The latter were used for subsequent trials. In vivo, high correlations were found between pH recorded by weighted electrodes with or without a wire guard to prevent mucosal contact (correlation, r = 0.866; P < 0.001). Readings from each correlated well with those from simultaneous gastric aspirates (r = 0.774 and r = 0.807, respectively; P < 0.001 for both correlations). Plain electrodes recorded more highly variable (temporally heterogeneous) pH than did guarded electrodes. In vitro, trials using equine gastric fluid indicated that this resulted from greater responsiveness of the plain electrode. In vivo, episodes of nearly neutral pH were a common feature, and high pH correlated with intensely yellow-green, neutral fluid in the stomach (rank correlation, rho = 0.626; P < 0.01). Concentration of bile acids did not correlate with pH or color score (rho = -0.158 and rho = 0.076, respectively). Causes of the episodes could include salivary influx, duodenogastric reflux, and variable gastric acid secretion. Pentagastrin infusion (0.6 microgram/kg of body weight/h) reduced intragastric pH (P = 0.018), but episodes of neutrality still occurred. Experiments in fed ponies indicated possible existence of a stable pH gradient, from neutral dorsally to heterogeneous and more acidic ventrally. Care was required in the rational choice of summary variables for expression of monitored pH data. Of the frequency distributions of 3 summary variables assessed in this study (mean, median, and percentage of data > pH 4), only that of the mean approached normality. Thus, use of the mean may allow analysis by parametric statistical methods. Intragastric pH monitoring was found to be a useful technique. Episodes of increased pH were often identified. These may represent episodic duodenogastric reflux.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Gerring
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002102:Cadaver; D004566:Electrodes / Q000662:veterinary; D004867:Equipment Design; D005508:Food Deprivation; D005745:Gastric Acidity Determination / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000662:veterinary*; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000662:veterinary; D015203:Reproducibility of Results