Early abnormalities of the antibody response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons, those who react against purified protein derivative (PPD) have higher risk of tuberculosis. Since PPD testing has limited predictive power in HIV-positive populations, new markers of antituberculous immunity were sought by analyzing antibodies to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens (PPD and its fraction A60) in 102 HIV-positive subjects, some PPD-positive and some PPD-negative, and in 23 HIV-positive tuberculosis patients. ELISA and Western blotting were used. Forty HIV-negative healthy subjects and 40 HIV-negative tuberculosis patients were evaluated as controls. While all those HIV-negative and PPD-positive had IgG antibodies recognizing the 38-, 28-, and 19-kDa M. tuberculosis antigens, only 26% of those HIV-positive and PPD-positive (all with < 400 CD4+ cells/mm3) and none of the HIV-positive tuberculosis patients recognized them, indicating that the lack of IgG against those antigens, in the presence of a specific IgM response, is a marker of immunodeficiency.
Saltini
C
C
Institute of Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases, University of Modena, Italy.
Amicosante
M
M
Girardi
E
E
Antonucci
G
G
Ippolito
G
G
Ameglio
F
F
Monno
T
T
Congedo
P
P
Angarano
G
G
Babudieri
S
S
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D015415:Biomarkers