title: Treatment of advanced hemorrhoidal disease: a prospective, randomized comparison of cold scalpel vs. contact Nd:YAG laser.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recently, laser technology has been advocated for the treatment of hemorrhoids. However, there has been little scientific evaluation of the use of the Nd:YAG laser for excisional treatment of hemorrhoidal disease. The purpose of this study was to perform a prospective randomized study of the Nd:YAG laser vs. scalpel excision, when performing a standard Ferguson-closed hemorrhoidectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients presenting for internal-external hemorrhoidectomy were eligible for study. Hemorrhoidectomies were performed under epidural or caudal blocks. The standard Ferguson closed hemorrhoidectomy technique was used. Data evaluated included: age, sex, estimated blood loss, operative time, postoperative pain scores, postoperative analgesic use, wound healing, and time for return to work. Eighty-six patients were eligible for study (laser, N = 51; scalpel, N = 35).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between the groups, except for a greater degree of wound inflammation and dehiscence at the 10 day postoperative visit for the laser group (laser, 1.7 +/- .2; scalpel, 0.8 +/- .2; P < 0.05, t-test). The use of the Nd:YAG laser added $480 per case; as a result, the treatment cost for the laser group was $15,360 higher than that of the conventional group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that there are no patient care advantages associated with the use of the Nd:YAG laser for excisional hemorrhoidectomy compared with scalpel excision. As new technology becomes available, surgeons must rigorously assess therapeutic efficacy and cost-benefit ratio before deciding to employ this technology for patient care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Ferguson Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Senagore
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Mazier
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Luchtefeld
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: MacKeigan
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wengert
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006484:Hemorrhoids / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome