title: Phase I and pharmacokinetic trial of weekly CPT-11.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a phase I and pharmacokinetic trial of CPT-11 (irinotecan) to characterize the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), toxicities, pharmacokinetic profile, and antitumor effects in patients with refractory solid malignancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  We treated 32 patients with CPT-11 administered as a 90-minute intravenous infusion every week for 4 consecutive weeks followed by a 2-week rest period. Dose levels ranged from 50 to 180 mg/m2/wk. We determined concentrations of the lactone (active) and total (lactone plus carboxylate) forms of CPT-11 and its metabolite, SN-38, in the plasma and urine of selected patients during and after drug infusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Grade 4 diarrhea was the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) at the 180-mg/m2/wk dose level. Other toxicities attributed to CPT-11 included dehydration, nausea, vomiting, and asthenia. Hematologic toxicity was mild in most patients. The terminal plasma half-life for CPT-11 (total) was 7.9 +/- 2.8 hours, for CPT-11 (lactone) 6.3 +/- 2.2 hours, for SN-38 (total) 13.0 +/- 5.8 hours, and for SN-38 (lactone) 11.5 +/- 3.8 hours. We observed significant correlations between drug dose and peak plasma concentration (Cpmax) and between drug dose and area under the concentration curve (AUC) for CPT-11, but not for SN-38.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MTD for CPT-11 in this patient population was 150 mg/m2/wk when administered on a weekly-times-four schedule repeated every 6 weeks. At dose levels greater than 150 mg/m2/wk, diarrhea is dose-limiting.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7884.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Rothenberg
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Burris
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Eckardt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tristan-Morales
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Hilsenbeck
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: G I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000077146:Irinotecan; D002166:Camptothecin