title: Reticular facilitation of cat visual cortical responses is mediated by nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic mechanisms.
abstract: Stimulation of the mesencephalic reticular formation facilitates responses in the visual cortex elicited from the optic radiation. Using intravenous administration of cholinergic antagonists we investigated in adult cats and two kittens whether this effect is mediated by cholinergic mechanisms. When administered alone the muscarinic antagonists atropine and scopolamine and the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine failed to block reticular facilitation and sometimes even enhanced the effects of reticular stimulation. However, when administered in combination muscarinic and nicotinic antagonists eliminated or significantly reduced the facilitation. This was even true when the two antagonists were administered with a time lag of several hours. These results support the notion that reticular facilitation of cortical responses is mediated by cholinergic mechanisms and suggest that this effect is mediated either by a receptor with a mixed pharmacological property or by two independent pathways acting via nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. This hypothesis is discussed in the context of recent evidence on cholinergic transmission and earlier data on the pharmacology of reticular arousal.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institut für Hirnforschung, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lewandowski
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Singer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002415:Cats; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000187:drug effects; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008464:Mecamylamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000502:physiology*; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000502:physiology*; D012154:Reticular Formation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012601:Scopolamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; D008464:Mecamylamine; D001285:Atropine; D012601:Scopolamine