title: Race and sex differences in lung cancer risk associated with cigarette smoking.
abstract: Despite the extreme differences in the incidence of lung cancer between black and white Americans of each sex, little information is available on the sex-race-specific lung cancer risk due to tobacco use. In the current study, case-control data were examined for sex-race differences in the lung cancer risk associated with cigarette smoking. Results indicate that Kreyberg I lung cancers (squamous cell and oat cell carcinomas) are associated with heavier intensity of smoking than Kreyberg II lung cancer (adenocarcinomas and alveolar cell carcinomas); blacks are at higher risk than whites (relative risk = 1.8), and women are at higher risk than men for a given level of smoking (RR = 1.7). Our findings indicate the existence of important differences in the smoking-associated risk for lung cancer which depend upon sex, race, and histology.
authors.affiliation: American Health Foundation, New York, NY 10017.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Zang
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Wynder
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000208:ethnology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011159:Population Surveillance; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000208:ethnology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People