Effects of acute passive smoking on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic children.
This study was designed to investigate the acute effects of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in children with mild asthma during rest and exercise. We studied 13 children [8 males, 5 females; mean age 10 (range 8-13) yr; mean forced expired volume in 1 s (FEV1) 93% (range 82-108%) of predicted] with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction [46 +/- 4% (SE) fall in FEV1 after exercise during cold air breathing]. Children were exposed to ETS (20 ppm carbon monoxide) or ambient air (AA) for 1 h. During the first 54 min of exposure, children were at rest, and during the last 6 min they exercised on a bicycle ergometer (2 W/kg body wt). Spirometry was performed before and during exposure and after exercise. Respiratory symptoms were recorded before and after exposures. In seven children the experiments with AA and ETS were done in duplicate. FEV1 between 5 and 54 min of exposure at rest decreased by 3.2 +/- 0.8% (SE) during AA and by 7.2 +/- 2.3% during ETS exposure compared with preexposure values; the difference between AA and ETS was statistically significant (P = 0.04). The drop in FEV1 was achieved within 5 min and did not change with ongoing exposure. Analysis of individual data revealed that the mean changes during ETS were mainly effected by three children with a significant fall and one child with a significant improvement in FEV1 (P < 0.05). Maximum postexercise fall of FEV1 was 25 +/- 4% after AA and 24 +/- 3% after ETS, which did not differ significantly. Upper and lower respiratory tract symptoms were not significantly different between exposures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Magnussen
H
H
Krankenhaus Grosshansdorf, Zentrum für Pneumologie und Thoraxchirurgie, Landesversicherungsanstalt Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg, Germany.
Lehnigk
B
B
Oldigs
M
M
Jörres
R
R
D000293:Adolescent; D001250:Asthma, Exercise-Induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D013147:Spirometry; D013696:Temperature; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*
D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D006632:Histamine