title: Laboratory evaluation of the irritancy of bendiocarb, lambda-cyhalothrin and DDT to Anopheles gambiae.
abstract: In a laboratory study, the irritancy of bendiocarb, lambda-cyhalothrin and DDT to Anopheles gambiae was evaluated at field, 1/3 field and 1/10 field rates using WHO conical exposure chambers and excito-repellency test boxes. Bendiocarb was the least irritant insecticide at all rates, inducing levels of takeoff, flight and exiting behavior similar to those of a distilled water control treatment. Of those mosquitoes introduced to the bendiocarb-treated boxes, not more than 1% exited and survived at any dose rate. Lambda-cyhalothrin and DDT were highly irritant to An. gambiae, inducing a strong stimulation to take off and fly and also a high level of exiting. Exiting-survival rates associated with lambda-cyhalothrin and DDT were between 15 and 51%. The relevance of these findings to the control of mosquito populations and the prevention of malaria transmission is discussed.
authors.affiliation: CAMCO, Saffron Walden, Essex, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles; D002219:Carbamates; D003634:DDT; D009032:Mosquito Control; D009570:Nitriles; D048448:Phenylcarbamates; D011722:Pyrethrins
chemical_list: D002219:Carbamates; D009570:Nitriles; D048448:Phenylcarbamates; D011722:Pyrethrins; D003634:DDT; C007725:bendiocarb; C037304:cyhalothrin