title: Shedding of virulent poliovirus revertants during immunization with oral poliovirus vaccine after prior immunization with inactivated polio vaccine.
abstract: Fecal shedding of virulent revertant polioviruses was examined in isolates from infants previously immunized with > or = 1 dose of orally administered live attenuated polio vaccine (OPV) alone, enhanced-potency inactivated polio vaccine (EIPV) alone, or a combination of both. After administration of OPV alone, vaccine poliovirus serotypes were recovered in feces within 1 week and for as long as 31-60 days in 30%-80% of subjects after 1 or 2 doses and in 30%-50% after immunization with > or = 3 doses. No revertant poliovirus shedding was observed after OPV challenge in subjects immunized previously with > or = 3 doses of OPV. However, fecal shedding of revertant poliovirus after OPV challenge was observed in 50%-100% of subjects previously immunized with > or = 3 doses of the EIPV. These findings suggest that prior immunization with EIPV does not prevent fecal shedding of revertant polioviruses after subsequent reexposure to OPV.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0531.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abraham
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Minor
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Modlin
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Ogra
mesh_terms: D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D007223:Infant; D011051:Poliomyelitis / Q000517:prevention & control; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D011054:Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D014611:Vaccination; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D011054:Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated