title: Oxygenation in the rabbit myocardium: assessment with susceptibility-dependent MR imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the feasibility of using hemoglobin (Hb) desaturation as an indicator of myocardial oxygenation.
  
  
  METHODS
  High-resolution gradient-echo nuclear magnetic resonance (MR) images of isolated, blood-perfused rabbit hearts were obtained at various blood oxygenation levels. The hearts were perfused at 37 degrees C with a Langendorff apparatus modified for nuclear MR imaging. The perfusate contained bovine red blood cells in a cardioplegic solution that eliminated motion artifacts and minimized arteriovenous oxygenation differences. Hb saturation was varied (7%-100%) randomly. Perfusion pressure was continuously monitored, and blood samples were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a substantial correlation between image signal intensity in the myocardium and Hb saturation in the blood, believed to be due to susceptibility effects of the paramagnetic species deoxyhemoglobin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Direct and noninvasive determination of regional Hb saturation with susceptibility-dependent MR imaging may provide information regarding regional myocardial O2 content.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205-2195.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Atalay
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Forder
authors.forename: V P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Chacko
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawamoto
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Zerhouni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D010477:Perfusion; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions; D006454:Hemoglobins; C100003:deoxyhemoglobin