title: Anesthetic activity of the lipospheres bupivacaine delivery system in the rat.
abstract: The Lipospheres Bupivacaine Delivery System (bupivacaine-lipospheres) is a novel sustained-release local anesthetic preparation that has recently been made available for research purposes. This investigation compared the local anesthetic efficacy and safety of 2% bupivacaine-lipospheres, 0.5% bupivacaine plus 1:200,000 epinephrine, lipospheres plain, and physiologic saline following subcutaneous tail injection in the rat. A modified tail-flick paradigm was used to assess local anesthetic efficacy. Animals treated with 2% bupivacaine-lipospheres or 0.5% bupivacaine with epinephrine displayed significant antinociception (P < 0.05) compared to saline or lipospheres plain with 5 min of injection. Bupivacaine with epinephrine had an anesthetic duration of 30 min, whereas 2% bupivacaine-lipospheres had a duration of 3 hr. The local anesthetic blockade produced by both active solutions was completely reversible. All animals gained weight normally during the 1-wk course of the study, and there were no signs of local tissue toxicity at the injection sites. We conclude that 2% bupivacaine-lipospheres is a safe and efficacious local anesthetic preparation in this particular animal model. It possesses an onset of action that is a rapid as 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine, and a duration that is six times longer.
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Surgery and Pharmacology, Philadelphia 19104-6003.
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Hersh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maniar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Cooper
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D002045:Bupivacaine