title: Primary prevention of diabetes mellitus by prevention of obesity in monkeys.
abstract: Many, but not all, adult rhesus monkeys spontaneously develop significant increases in body fat mass, and many, but not all, progress to develop overt adult-onset type II diabetes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether both an increase in body fat and onset of diabetes could be simultaneously prevented through long-term maintenance of stable normal adult body weight by caloric titration. Eight adult male monkeys were provided a complete normal chow diet, but with daily amounts restricted and titrated on a weekly basis to maintain a constant body weight (weight-stabilized group). This regimen has been continued for 5-9 yr (mean +/- SD of 7 +/- 0.5 yr) with monkeys attaining the age of 17.9 +/- 0.6 yr and with maintenance of normal body fat (17.7 +/- 1.8%). The age-matched ad libitum fed group (18.1 +/- 0.2 yr of age) consisted of 19 monkeys maintained under identical laboratory conditions and diet, but with food available ad libitum. Results showed weight-stabilized monkeys weighed significantly less than ad libitum fed monkeys (10.4 +/- 0.2 vs. 16.1 +/- 0.7 kg, respectively, P < 0.05) and had significantly better glucose tolerance as measured by Kglucose (glucose disappearance rate) (3.9 +/- 0.3 vs. 2.4 +/- 0.2, P +/- 0.05). Of the 19 ad libitum fed age-matched monkeys, 4 were overtly diabetic, and 6 others had significantly reduced glucose tolerance. Hyperinsulinemia did not develop in the weight-stabilized group, and beta-cell response to glucose remained normal; both were significantly different from the exaggerated levels of the ad libitum fed group (P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Obesity and Diabetes Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Bodkin
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D002149:Energy Intake; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D008992:Monkey Diseases; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D009929:Organ Size
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin