title: [Communication in problem solving by preschool children: effects of subject's familiarity with experimenter and task orientation of experimenter].
abstract: The purpose was to examine effects of subject's familiarity with experimenter, and the task orientation of experimenter towards preschool children's communication in a problem solving situation. After subjects were given one of three different information about a target card, they were asked to identify the target one. However, subjects were unable to identify the target one without questions. The main results were as follows: (1) 5-year-olds made more questions and chose the target more often than 4-year-olds, (2) High familiarity group made questions and chose the target more often than low one, (3) Task-oriented group made more questions and chose the target more often than non-oriented one, and (4) Interaction of familiarity and the task-orientation was not significant. These results suggested that familiarity and task-orientation affected rate of communication occurrence in problem solving by preschool children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Psychology, Faculty of Education, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003142:Communication; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D009949:Orientation; D011340:Problem Solving; D002666:Psychology, Child; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis