title: Safety and immunogenicity of a combined diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in young infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the safety and immunogenicity of a combined diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP)-Haemophilus influenzae type b (HbOC) vaccine (TETRAMUNE) in infants as young as 2 months of age as compared to separate administration of DTP and HbOC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-month-old infants were randomized to receive three doses 2 months apart of either DTP-HbOC as a single 0.5-mL injection or to receive 0.5 mL of DTP and HbOC concurrently in separate legs. Local and systemic adverse reactions were monitored within 72 hours of each immunization, and immunogenicity of each of the four vaccine components was measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of both local and systemic adverse events following the tetravalent vaccine was similar to the incidence following separate vaccine administration. After three doses of vaccine, the response to each of the vaccine components was higher in the combined vaccine when compared to separate administration. In the case of the Haemophilus influenzae type b component, this enhancement was also seen after two doses. The response to the combined vaccine was consistent among the three lots tested as was the enhancement over separate administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The DTP-HbOC vaccine was safe and immunogenic in young infants and was generally more immunogenic than separate vaccination with DTP and HbOC. The use of such a combined vaccine reduces the number of injections given to young infants by half and is an important step toward improving vaccine delivery.
authors.affiliation: Lederle-Praxis Biologicals, West Henrietta, NY 14586-9728.
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Paradiso
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Hogerman
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Madore
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Keyserling
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Reisinger
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Blatter
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rothstein
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hackell
mesh_terms: D000917:Antibody Formation; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology* / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology* / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012449:Safety; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate; C080881:diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-haemophilus b conjugate vaccine