title: CD28-induced costimulation of T helper type 2 cells mediated by induction of responsiveness to interleukin 4.
abstract: Type 1 and type 2 cloned T helper (Th) cells are believed to require different antigen-presenting cell (APC)-derived costimuli for proliferation. In the case of Th1-cloned T cells, CD28 signaling costimulates production of autocrine interleukin 2 (IL-2). Th2 cells produce their autocrine growth factor, IL-4, without costimulation, but require APC-derived costimuli, or IL-1, to respond to IL-4. Here we demonstrate that engagement of CD28 on Th2 cells with anti-CD28 antibody or with APC-associated B7 costimulates Th2 responsiveness to IL-4 but does not affect IL-4 or IL-2 production by Th2 cells. Costimulation of Th2 cells via CD28 appears to involve the induction of IL-1 production by Th2 cells, which acts in an autocrine fashion to induce IL-4 responsiveness. These results suggest that CD28-induced costimulation plays an important role in responses mediated by both types of Th cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley 94720.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: McArthur
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Raulet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000378:metabolism; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008806:Mice, Inbred AKR; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology / Q000528:radiation effects; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D018106:CD28 Antigens; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D007375:Interleukin-1; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D015847:Interleukin-4