title: Anaesthesia services and the education of anaesthetists in Nepal: a model for sustainable development?
abstract: In 1985 the University of Calgary in Canada and Tribhuvan University in Kathmandu, Nepal Jointly established the Diploma in Anaesthesiology (DA) programme in Nepal. To evaluate the impact of the DA Programme and provide a data base for long-term planning we conducted a national survey in 1992. We sought to describe anaesthesia manpower and workloads, and to make an inventory of facilities, equipment, and supplies in different sized hospitals. Twenty-seven hospitals providing surgical services were included, nine inside and 18 outside the Kathmandu valley. Seventeen of the 21 respondent hospitals had at least one specialist anaesthetist. The results identify both strengths and weaknesses in Nepal's anaesthesia services and provide important guidelines for planning. When the DA course was launched there were only seven specialist anaesthetists in Nepal. The shortage of anaesthetists was an important factor limiting surgical services, and after DA graduates were posted to zonal (50 bed) and regional (150-200 bed) hospitals the surgical case loads doubled. There are now about 40 specialist anaesthetists in the country, of which half are DA graduates, but many hospitals have only one anaesthetist. That isolation, plus lack of continuing education (CME), are important factors threatening quality of care. Recognizing the singular role of the DA programme in alleviating Nepal's shortage of anaesthetists, we conclude that it should be renewed and strengthened to meet the needs of the next decade. Techniques commonly used at the zonal level: regional, draw-over, and total IV anaesthesia, should be stressed. At the same time fresh initiatives are required in CME and higher education for the renewal of teaching staff.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Tweed
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amatya
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Tuladhar
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Maltby
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Gurung
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: McCaughey
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000761:Anesthesia Department, Hospital; D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000193:education* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003906:Developing Countries; D004630:Emergencies; D004865:Equipment and Supplies, Hospital / Q000600:supply & distribution; D013502:General Surgery; D006285:Health Planning; D006295:Health Resources; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006742:Hospital Bed Capacity; D006801:Humans; D009390:Nepal / Q000453:epidemiology; D000078329:Workforce