title: [Screening in the school milieu, at 4 years old, for hypercholesterolemia].
abstract: Four-year-old schoolchildren with a positive family history for atherogenic dyslipidemia and/or clinical atheroma before 55 years of age were screened for hypercholesterolemia. Investigations included determination of serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, and Lp(a); an agarose lipidogram; acrylamide gradient electrophoresis; and determination of LDL composition by ultracentrifugation. Normal values were defined as values under the 90th centile, i.e., 1.97 g/l for total cholesterol, 0.89 g/l for triglycerides, 1.36 g/l for LDL-cholesterol, and 1.26 g/l for apolipoprotein B. Among 3,565 children routinely evaluated at 4 years of age, 525 (16.2%) had a positive family history; of these, 72 underwent lipid investigations. Eight children (11%) had hypercholesterolemia type IIA, eight had a variety of lipid disorders, and 14 (20.6%) had increased Lp(a) levels as an isolated anomaly or concomitantly with an atherogenic dyslipidemia. Because Lp(a) is a cardiovascular risk factor independent from total cholesterol levels, we believe this parameter should be determined in high risk children.
authors.affiliation: Département de Médecine et Réanimation Pédiatrique, CHU de Grenoble.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bost
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Foulon
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Groslambert
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lien
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Servage
mesh_terms: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000032:analysis; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D017270:Lipoprotein(a) / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000458:organization & administration*; D008487:Medical History Taking; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D012572:School Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D017270:Lipoprotein(a); D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol
vernacular_title: Dépistage en milieu scolaire, à quatre ans, des hypercholestérolémies.