title: Pediatric sedation: short-term effects.
abstract: A prospective investigation on the short-term effects of various sedation regimens on 549 nonhospitalized magnetic resonance (MR) patients was performed. The drugs evaluated were chloral hydrate, pentobarbital, midazolam, and diazepam (fentanyl was used for enhancement after any of these drugs). The overall safety and efficacy were quite good with all the regimens. Overall, 84% of children slept less than 8 h after the examination, 90% were drowsy and/or unsteady for less than 8 h after they awoke, and 97% resumed their usual activities by 24 h. Significant hyperactivity was seen only with pentobarbital and occurred in 8.4% of children over 8 years of age. The multiple-dose regimen of pentobarbital and fentanyl had a significant short-term effect on the children less than 8 years of age, with 35% sleeping longer than 8 h after the MR. Ten children who had needed the multiple-dose pentobarbital regimen or who had failed prior pentobarbital sedation presented for repeat sedation. Midazolam was effective in 9 of these 10 children.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of Michigan, Department of Radiology, Detroit 48201.
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Slovis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parks
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reneau
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hersch
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Carver
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tech
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Towbin
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D002697:Chloral Hydrate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D003975:Diazepam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D010424:Pentobarbital / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D002697:Chloral Hydrate; D010424:Pentobarbital; D003975:Diazepam; D008874:Midazolam; D005283:Fentanyl