title: A reassortant H1N1 influenza A virus caused fatal epizootics among camels in Mongolia.
abstract: In the autumn of 1979 a severe influenza epizootic started among camels in Mongolia (Lvov et al., 1982; Viprosi Virusol. 27, 401-405.) Between 1980 and 1983 13 independent isolates of H1N1 viruses were obtained from diseased camels, which were virtually indistinguishable from the human A/USSR/90/77 strain by serological means. Two hundred and seventy-one samples of camel sera collected between 1978 and 1983 contained antibodies against the human A/USSR/90/77 isolate. After experimental infection of camels with some of these isolates, the animals developed similar symptoms as those found during natural infection: coughing, bronchitis, fever, discharge from nose and eyes. A genetic sequence analysis revealed that among the eight segments (genes) the PB1, HA, and NA genes were almost identical with allelic genes of the USSR/77 strain, and the PB2, PA, NP, M, and NS genes were almost identical with those of the A/PR/8/34 strain.
authors.affiliation: Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yamnikova
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mandler
authors.forename: Z H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Bekh-Ochir
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dachtzeren
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Lvov
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scholtissek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001483:Base Sequence; D002162:Camelus / Q000382:microbiology*; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary*; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008986:Mongolia / Q000453:epidemiology; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral