title: The protein kinase mos activates MAP kinase kinase in vitro and stimulates the MAP kinase pathway in mammalian somatic cells in vivo.
abstract: The mos protooncogene encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase that is only expressed at significant levels in germ cells. Recombinant malE-mos protein (Xenopus mos protooncogene fused in frame to the maltose binding protein of E. coli) activates MAP kinase in cell-free extracts prepared from Xenopus oocytes and eggs. Here we show that malE-mos immunoprecipitates from Xenopus extracts phosphorylate and activate MAP kinase kinase in vitro, indicating that mos can function as a MAP kinase kinase kinase. Moreover, ectopic expression of mos in mammalian somatic cells, that lack any endogenous mos protein, triggers the activation of MAP kinase in vivo. These results identify the mos protooncogene as a direct activator of the MAP kinase pathway, with the potential to activate this kinase cascade even in cells where normally there is no expression of mos.
authors.affiliation: Imperial Cancer Research Fund Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms, Herts, UK.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Nebreda
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hunt
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017231:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mos / Q000502:physiology*; D011817:Rabbits; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014981:Xenopus
chemical_list: D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; D017231:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mos; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases