title: Premenstrual experiences: the four profiles and factorial patterns.
abstract: Premenstrual experiences were studied in 112 non-complaining women using the Premenstrual Assessment Forms I (for positive experiences), II (for distressing experiences) and the bi-directional Visual Analog Scale. Overall, 27% of women reported no or minimal changes, 20% reported predominantly negative experiences, and 18% predominantly positive feelings. However, the commonest experience was a mixed picture with coexisting positive and negative feelings in 35% of the subjects. Severe premenstrual changes were noted in only nine (8%) of the women. None had a late luteal phase dysphoric disorder. The 26 items of the Premenstrual Assessment Forms I and II were factor analyzed by the principal components method using a varimax rotation. Four factors were derived. Factor I had 12 items indicating negative experiences. Factor II had seven items indicating positive feelings. The other two factors have vegetative features (like sleep and bowel changes) and sexual feelings. The findings also indicated that research needs to be directed towards understanding the mixed group of symptoms rather than the excessive emphasis on negative feelings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chaturvedi
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Issac
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Sudarshan
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Beena
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Sarmukkadam
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Kaliaperumal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D011293:Premenstrual Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*