title: Steroids, APACHE II score, and the outcome of abdominal infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the outcome of abdominal infection in patients with or without previous systemic glucocorticoid therapy and to determine the effect of steroid administration on the relationship between APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation) scores and mortality.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Steroid therapy leads to greater mortality and relatively lower APACHE II scores.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred ninety-seven consecutive adult patients with abdominal infection treated by surgical or percutaneous drainage. Treatment was at the clinician's discretion. Seventy-one patients received systemic steroid therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  APACHE II score, clinical course, and death in hospital; relationship between APACHE II score and mortality in the steroid and no steroid groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-three patients receiving steroid therapy (46%) died vs 55 (24%) of 226 patients not receiving steroid therapy. The APACHE II score (P < .0001) and steroid administration (P = .04) were each independently associated with death. Steroid-treated patients had the same probability of dying as "nonsteroid" patients with an APACHE II score a mean of 3.7 points higher (95% confidence limits, 0.03 and 7.7). The confidence that 2, 3, or 4 extra APACHE II points is the appropriate correction for steroid-treated patients is 80%, 60%, or 40%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients receiving steroid therapy appear to be at higher risk of dying of abdominal infection than predicted by APACHE II scores. The number of patients receiving cancer chemotherapy was too small to determine whether this was an additional risk factor. In the design of clinical trials stratified by APACHE II scores, steroid-treated patients should either be excluded or assigned two extra APACHE II points.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bohnen
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mustard
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Schouten
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D000328:Adult; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000401:mortality*; D009864:Ontario; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids