title: The nonstructural glycoprotein of rotavirus affects intracellular calcium levels.
abstract: Rotavirus infection of monkey kidney cells has been reported to result in a significant increase in the concentration of intracellular calcium. This increase in intracellular calcium was associated with viral protein synthesis and cytopathic effects in infected cells. We tested the effect of individual rotavirus proteins on intracellular calcium concentrations in insect Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells. Insect cells were infected with wild-type baculovirus or baculovirus recombinants that contained an individual rotavirus gene. The cells were harvested at different times postinfection, and the intracellular calcium concentration was measured by using fura-2 as a fluorescent calcium indicator. We found that the concentration of intracellular calcium was increased nearly fivefold in infected Sf9 cells that expressed the nonstructural glycoprotein (NSP4) of group A rotavirus, and this increase in intracellular calcium concentration coincided with NSP4 expression. A similar result was observed in insect cells expressing NSP4 from a group B rotavirus, suggesting the conservation of this function among rotavirus groups. Expression of the other 10 rotavirus proteins or of wild-type baculovirus proteins in Sf9 cells did not significantly increase intracellular calcium levels. These results suggest that the nonstructural glycoprotein NSP4 is responsible for the increase in cytosolic calcium observed in rotavirus-infected cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Virology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Schilling
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Lindsay
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eiden
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Estes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002213:Capsid / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009036:Moths / Q000166:cytology; D017924:Nucleopolyhedroviruses / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012401:Rotavirus; D013997:Time Factors; D014118:Toxins, Biological; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; C081369:NS28 protein, rotavirus; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014118:Toxins, Biological; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; D002118:Calcium