title: The structures of native phosphorylated chicken cystatin and of a recombinant unphosphorylated variant in solution.
abstract: The solution structures of the phosphorylated form of native chicken cystatin and the recombinant variant AEF-S1M-M29I-M89L were determined by 2D, 3D and 4D-NMR. The structures turn out to be very similar, despite the substitutions and the phosphorylation of the wild-type. Their dominant feature is a five-stranded beta-sheet, which is wrapped around a five-turn alpha-helix, as shown by X-ray crystallographic studies of wild-type chicken cystatin. However, the NMR analysis shows that the second helix observed in the crystal is not present in solution. The phosphorylation occurs at S80, which is located in a flexible region. For this reason, very few effects on the structure are observed. Comparison of structures of the unphosphorylated variant and the wild-type shows small effects on H84 which is located in the supposed recognition site of the serine kinase. This recognition site appears to be well structured as a large loop-containing bulge of the beta-sheet. The N termini of both mutants, which contribute to a large extent to the binding to the proteinase, are very flexible. A loop structure involving the residues L7 to A10 as found in related inhibitors, such as in the kininogen domains 2 and 3, is not sufficiently populated to be observed.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Martinsried bei München, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dieckmann
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mitschang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kos
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Turk
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Auerswald
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jaenicke
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oschkinat
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D015891:Cystatins / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012996:Solutions; D014461:Ultracentrifugation
chemical_list: D015891:Cystatins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012996:Solutions