title: In vitro cyanide release of four prussian blue salts used for the treatment of cesium contaminated persons.
abstract: Prussian blue salts are used in clinical practice as an antidote for the treatment of humans contaminated with radioactive cesium. A decomposition product of these Prussian blue salts may be the highly toxic cyanide. A method to simulate gastrointestinal cyanide-release was applied to four different Prussian blue salts: K3Fe[Fe(CN)6], Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3, NH4Fe[Fe(CN)6] (pur. and unpur.). Cyanide-release was higher in artificial gastric juice than in water and artificial intestinal juice. Under all conditions cyanide-release from Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 was the lowest. Since Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 also binds more cesium, it appears to be the most suitable Prussian blue salt for use as an antidote after radiocesium contamination in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Central Military Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Verzijl
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Joore
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Dijk
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Wierckx
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Savelkoul
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Glerum
mesh_terms: D000931:Antidotes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002586:Cesium / Q000506:poisoning; D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes; D005295:Ferrocyanides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006856:Hydrogen Cyanide / Q000737:chemistry*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy; D011853:Radiobiology
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes; D005295:Ferrocyanides; D002586:Cesium; D006856:Hydrogen Cyanide; C000170:ferric ferrocyanide