title: Modulation of dopamine binding in the fetal rat: effects of milk and exogenous opioid manipulation.
abstract: Presentation of milk to the newborn rat promotes changes in sensory and motor behavior and concomitant changes in both endogenous opioid and dopamine systems. The present study employed an in vivo binding technique with a tritiated ligand for the D2 receptor ([3H]raclopride) to examine the effects of intraoral milk infusion and opioid manipulations on dopamine activity in the term rat fetus (E21). In Experiment 1, fetuses received a series of milk infusion, which resulted in decreased occupancy at D2 receptors by the endogenous ligand, dopamine, in striatal, septal, and hypothalamic brain regions. In Experiment 2, fetuses were pretreated with morphine, the mu-agonist [D-Ala2,NMe-Phe4,Gly5-ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO), the kappa-agonist U50,488, or saline. Opioid manipulations had no effect on binding at D2 receptors. These results confirm that intraoral milk infusion can modulate activity in the dopamine system of the near-term fetal rat.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamton 13902-6000.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Umphress
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Smotherman
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kehoe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002628:Chemoreceptor Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism*; D008892:Milk / Q000502:physiology*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu; D004298:Dopamine