title: Success of unilateral neck exploration for sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Unilateral neck exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPTH) is controversial because of concern about missed multiglandular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  In patients with sporadic PHPTH our approach has been arbitrarily to surgically explore the right neck first unless preoperative or intraoperative evidence suggests left-sided parathyroid pathologic condition. When an adenoma is identified and a normal ipsilateral gland is confirmed on histologic examination, the contralateral side is not explored. A 15-year series of 371 patients with sporadic PHPTH was reviewed retrospectively to determine the efficacy of this strategy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At operation unilateral exploration was possible in 125 patients (34%). Of these 122 had a single adenoma and two patients had parathyroid carcinoma. One patient with unrecognized hyperplasia required subsequent subtotal parathyroidectomy. There were no major complications. Bilateral surgical exploration was required in 246 patients including 18 with hyperplasia, 4 with double adenomas, and 4 with parathyroid cancer. Bilateral surgical exploration failed in 18 patients (14 persistent and 4 recurrent PHPTH) and was complicated by one recurrent nerve palsy and two cases of permanent hypocalcemia. Operative time was significantly shorter in the unilaterally explored group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When possible, unilateral exploration for PHPTH is safe and effective, avoids obliterative scarring of the contralateral neck, and may reduce morbidity and operative time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pa.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Worsey
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Carty
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Watson
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000601:surgery; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery*; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck / Q000601:surgery*; D010280:Parathyroid Glands / Q000473:pathology; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D016105:Parathyroidectomy; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone