Hepatitis B vaccine responsiveness in Connecticut public safety personnel.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the level and determinants of vaccine response in recently inoculated public safety personnel.


METHODS
Prevalence survey.


METHODS
Public safety personnel who had completed vaccination 1 to 6 months prior to testing and had no serological evidence of previous exposure to hepatitis B virus.


METHODS
An inadequate level of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen was defined as less than 10 mlU/mL.


RESULTS
All subjects in the study had been vaccinated using Recombivax HB, a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. Of 528 individuals, 11.9% were found to have no or inadequate levels of antibody. The frequency of inadequate level of antibody increased significantly relative to age, from 2.8% among those younger than 30 years to 42.1% among those older than 60 years (P < .0001). Smoking (odds ratio [OR], 3.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.0 to 6.4), extreme obesity (OR, 13.3; 95% CI, 3.8 to 49.1), and increasing time interval since completing the vaccine series (P < .01) were also associated with inadequate levels of antibody. These findings were confirmed by multivariate analysis using logistic regression.


CONCLUSIONS
Routine immunization of public safety personnel should include selective use of postvaccine testing. Postvaccination testing optimally should be performed in the 30- to 90-day interval after the last vaccine dose. New vaccination strategies are needed to improve response rates in persons with predictably poor response to hepatitis B vaccine.
Roome
A J
AJ
Connecticut Department of Public Health and Addiction Services, Hartford 06106.
Walsh
S J
SJ
Cartter
M L
ML
Hadler
J L
JL
D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003237:Connecticut; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016495:Police; D011635:Public Health Administration; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012907:Smoking; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology*
D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; C075655:Recombivax HB; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic