title: Biological specimen bank for smelter workers.
abstract: The biological specimen bank was initiated by the department of Environmental Medicine and the department of Medicine at the University of Umeå in 1975. The aims of the bank are to collect information on trace elements in human organs. Special attention is focused on the influence of occupational exposure. Tissue samples are taken from deceased workers from a copper and lead smelter in northern Sweden. Control specimens have been collected from deceased normal individuals from four control areas. Lung, liver and kidney samples are collected with quartz instruments and stored in quartz ampoules to avoid contamination. Other samples, e.g. bone, brain, fat, hair, heart muscle, nails, skin and stomach are taken with common autopsy instruments and stored in acid-washed polyethene vessels. The samples are stored at -20 degrees C. The elements Sb, As, Cd, Cr, Co, La and Se are analyzed by neutron activation analysis, Pb and Zn by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The findings over time can be related to a number of factors: normal values in tissues, airborne exposure and causes of death. Special attention is paid variation over time, reevaluation of threshold limit values and risk assessment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gerhardsson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brune
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Lundström
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nordberg
authors.forename: P O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Wester
mesh_terms: D001344:Autopsy; D003300:Copper; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006077:Government Agencies; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead; D008297:Male; D009501:Neutron Activation Analysis; D016272:Occupational Health; D013048:Specimen Handling; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D013548:Sweden; D014015:Tissue Banks / Q000458:organization & administration*; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014131:Trace Elements; D007854:Lead; D003300:Copper