title: Measuring lung shunting in hepatocellular carcinoma with intrahepatic-arterial technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin.
abstract: With increased use of intraarterial administration of chemotherapeutic and radioactive particulate agents, it is necessary to assess agent delivery in the lung.
  
  
  METHODS
  Technetium-99m-labeled macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) delivered through the hepatic artery was used to determine the degree of lung shunting in 125 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of lung shunting varied among patients and it ranged from less than 1% to 67.2%, with a median of 8.1%. The degree of shunting depended on the vascularity of the tumors but not on the tumor size. The effect of angiotensin II on lung shunting was tested on six patients and there was no significant difference found between those patients who were pre-treated with angiotensin II and those who were not. One patient who underwent a liver resection, had a significant decrease in lung shunting from 28.5% to less than 1% after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lack of effect of angiotensin II together with the almost complete ablation of lung shunting by tumor resection suggested neoplastic blood vessels were responsible for the shunting.
authors.affiliation: Joint Hepatoma Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong.
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: W Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: N W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Metreweli
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006499:Hepatic Artery; D006801:Humans; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D013668:Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D013668:Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; D000804:Angiotensin II