title: Cloning of the promoter for the avian integrin beta 3 subunit gene and its regulation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.
abstract: We have cloned the promoter of the avian beta 3 integrin gene. Using a probe comprising the 5'-untranslated region of an avian macrophage beta 3 cDNA, characterized by 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends, several clones were isolated from an avian genomic library. One major and one minor transcriptional start site were identified at +1 and -47 base pairs, respectively, with the latter coinciding with a consensus sequence of an initiator. DNA sequence analysis of 800 base pairs 5' of the transcriptional start site fails to reveal either a TATA or CAAT box. In addition to an initiator, the first 200 base pairs contain consensus sequences for the binding of AP-1 and SP-1. A 3.5-kilobase fragment located immediately upstream of the transcriptional start site exhibits functional promoter activity, and deletion analysis reveals both suppressor and enhancer elements. In light of our observation that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (D3) accelerates beta 3 transcription, we determined whether the avian beta 3 promoter contains a vitamin D response element (VDRE). Transfected reporter constructs containing the first 1.5 kilobases upstream of the major beta 3 transcriptional start site respond to D3 with enhanced luciferase activity. Analysis of this region reveals a classical VDRE consensus sequence, located at -756 to -770. The following observations support the hypothesis that this sequence represents a functional VDRE: 1) a 600-base pair genomic fragment or a 29-base pair oligomer, each containing the putative VDRE, respond to D3 when transfected into HD11 cells; 2) a 67-base pair DNA fragment derived from genomic DNA and containing the candidate beta 3 VDRE specifically binds the vitamin D receptor-retinoid X receptor beta complex; and 3) avian osteoclast precursor-derived nuclear extracts bind to a synthetic oligomer containing the beta 3 VDRE-like sequence and, in turn, are specifically displaced by unlabeled beta 3 VDRE and anti-vitamin D receptor antibody.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Jewish Hospital, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chappel
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Teitelbaum
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001717:Birds; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000502:physiology*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D039661:Integrin beta3; D016023:Integrins / Q000235:genetics*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000378:metabolism; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D039661:Integrin beta3; D016023:Integrins; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D002117:Calcitriol