title: Vitamin A, Vitamin E or beta-carotene status and hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: A case-control study was carried out in 59 patients with newly diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma and 101 control subjects, who were all male hepatitis B carriers. The odds ratios of hepatocellular carcinoma occurring among hepatitis B carriers in the lowest quartile and those highest quartile of dietary and serum status were 5.3 (1.9 to 15.0) and 86.9 (20.0 to 377.2), respectively. The odds ratios for hepatitis B carriers in the lowest quartile and those in the highest quartile of dietary and serum beta-carotene status were 1.7 (0.7 to 4.1) and 5.0 (1.9 to 13.2). Vitamin E status did not differ in case patients and control subjects. Low education level, heavy consumption of alcohol, and smoking status were also associated with increased odds of hepatocellular carcinoma. Serum retinol, positively associated with dietary retinol, demonstrated an independent effect on hepatocellular carcinoma. This effect may reflect changes in the physiologic condition of the patients at the time of entering the hospital.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Liaw
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000097:blood* / Q000382:microbiology; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D019207:beta Carotene
chemical_list: D019207:beta Carotene; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D002338:Carotenoids