title: Stimulated pressure response of the ileocolonic junctional zone and its use as a continence mechanism in a canine model.
abstract: Mechanisms for maintaining passive continence in the efferent limb of urinary diversions include compression of tissue, peristalsis, equilibration of pressure and use of valves. Motor activity and pressure in the ileum, ileocecal valve (ICV) and the colon were evaluated in dogs. Spontaneous activity and pressure were compared with stimulated pressure response and activity. Stimulation was performed at the pelvic nerve and the small nerves in the mesenterium, as well as direct neurostimulation of the bowel. Resting pressure at the ICV was 12.7 +/- 0.4 cmH2O rising to 26.4 +/- 2.2 cmH2O during spontaneous depolarization. Stimulation of the pelvic nerve resulted in increased colonic motor activity with unchanged pressure. Electric stimulation of small mesenterical nerves to the ICV increased pressure in the ICV to 35.0 +/- 4.1 cmH2O, while direct myoelectric stimulation of the ICV zone increased the intraluminal pressure to 75.0 +/- 3.2 cmH2O. Termination of the electric stimulation was followed by a slow decrease of pressure to the resting level over a period of 30-45 s. Maintaining continence at the ICV with long-term constant or intermittent stimulation seems feasible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Stoller
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Tanagho
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: McAninch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003106:Colon / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D004285:Dogs; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D007080:Ileocecal Valve / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D007082:Ileum / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D008643:Mesentery / Q000294:innervation; D008954:Models, Biological; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D011312:Pressure; D016476:Urinary Reservoirs, Continent / Q000379:methods*