title: Unchanged [3H]MK-801 binding and increased [3H]flunitrazepam binding in turtle forebrain during anoxia.
abstract: In order to determine if functional changes in N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and GABAA receptors play a role in the remarkable anoxia tolerance of freshwater turtle brain, we used autoradiographic techniques to assay [3H]MK-801 and [3H]flunitrazepam binding in turtle forebrain after turtles had been subjected to anoxia for 2 or 6 h. The effects of glutamate, glycine, competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists, glycine antagonists, polyamines, magnesium, and zinc on [3H]MK-801 binding were the same in anoxic and control turtle forebrains. These results indicate that NMDA receptor regulation plays no role in the adaptive responses to anoxia in turtle brain. In contrast, [3H]flunitrazepam binding was significantly increased in the anoxic dorsal cortex and striatum. The most parsimonious explanation for elevated benzodiazepine receptor binding is that the rise in extracellular GABA levels known to accompany anoxia enhances benzodiazepine receptor affinity. It is possible, however, that GABAA receptor upregulation during anoxia increases the effectiveness of the inhibitory action of released GABA and contributes to the anoxia tolerance of turtles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Lutz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schulman
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Albin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000378:metabolism*; D005445:Flunitrazepam / Q000378:metabolism*; D002534:Hypoxia, Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D016548:Prosencephalon / Q000378:metabolism*; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000378:metabolism; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000378:metabolism; D014316:Tritium; D014426:Turtles / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D014316:Tritium; D005445:Flunitrazepam; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate