title: Reduction of blood loss from diagnostic sampling in critically ill patients using a blood-conserving arterial line system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate the utility of a new blood-conserving arterial line system in reducing blood loss associated with blood drawing in the critical care setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, crossover comparison between two arterial line systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical intensive care unit (ICU); tertiary care teaching institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-one patients who required invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring throughout their ICU course.
  
  
  METHODS
  For ICU days 1 to 2, patients were randomized to receive either a conventional arterial line system or a new blood-conserving arterial line system. On ICU days 3 to 7, patients with a conventional arterial line were crossed over to the blood-conserving arterial line, and vice versa. Laboratory blood volumes, mixed discard volumes, and blood discard volumes were then recorded to document how much blood loss is associated with each aspect of the blood sampling process.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean total volume of blood sent to the laboratory for testing was 257.4 ml. As a result of "clearing the line" over the 7-day period, patients with the conventional arterial line system lost a mean volume of 340.2 ml of blood mixed with heparinized saline solution more than patients with the blood-conserving arterial line. In terms of the blood component of the blood-heparinized saline solution mixture, use of the conventional arterial line was associated with an average of 156.8 ml more blood discarded than with the blood-conserving arterial line.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new blood-conserving arterial line system provides a simple and effective method for reducing blood loss related to diagnostic sampling in the critical care setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Silver
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gragg
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jubran
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Stoller
mesh_terms: D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000009:adverse effects; D001810:Blood Volume; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016638:Critical Illness; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies