title: IPO-V2: a prospective, multicenter, randomized, comparative clinical investigation of the effects of sulodexide in preventing cardiovascular accidents in the first year after acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of sulodexide, a glycosaminoglycan compound with antithrombotic properties, in preventing death and thromboembolic events after acute myocardial infarction.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Antithrombotic therapy has been found to play an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular events and death after acute myocardial infarction. Glycosaminoglycan-containing compounds, including sulodexide, show profibrinolytic and antithrombotic properties that render them suitable for use in patients after infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 3,986 patients who had recovered from acute myocardial infarction were randomized to receive either the standard therapy routinely administered at each study center, excluding antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs (control group, 1,970 patients), or the standard therapy plus sulodexide (treated group, 2,016 patients). Between 7 and 10 days after the episode of acute myocardial infarction, sulodexide was administered as a single daily 600-lipoprotein-lipase-releasing unit (LRU) intramuscular injection for the 1st month, followed by oral capsules of 500 LRU twice daily. Patients were evaluated for > or = 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the end of the study, 140 deaths (7.1%) were recorded in the control group and 97 (4.8%) in the sulodexide group (32% risk reduction, p = 0.0022, chi-square test). A total of 90 patients (4.6%) in the control group had a further infarction, compared with 66 (3.3%) in the sulodexide group (28% risk reduction, p = 0.035). Furthermore, a reduction in left ventricular thrombus formation (evaluated by echocardiography) was observed in the sulodexide group (n = 12; 0.6%), compared with values in the control group (n = 25; 1.3%) (53% risk reduction, p = 0.027). Sulodexide was well tolerated and devoid of significant adverse events. All significant results were confirmed by "actual treatment" analyses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study provides evidence that long-term therapy with sulodexide started early after an episode of acute myocardial infarction is associated with reductions in total mortality, rate of reinfarction and mural thrombus formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Condorelli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiariello
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dagianti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Penco
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dalla Volta
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pengo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schivazappa
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mattioli
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Mattioli
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brusoni
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D002423:Cause of Death; D005260:Female; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; C007858:glucuronyl glucosamine glycan sulfate