title: Phase II study of oral administration of etoposide for patients with well- and moderately-differentiated adenocarcinomas of unknown primary site.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prognosis of patients with well- and moderately-differentiated adenocarcinomas of unknown primary is poor, as a consequence of chemotherapy resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a phase II study with prolonged oral administration of etoposide in 25 chemotherapy-naive patients with well- and moderately-differentiated adenocarcinomas of unknown primary site. The treatment regimen was 50 mg/m2 for 21 days, every four weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 24 evaluable patients, two achieved partial responses (8%) lasting 15+ and 17 months, 11 patients had stable disease, and 11 progressed during treatment. The major toxicity was myelosuppression. WHO grades 3 or 4 leukocytopenia was seen in six patients but confined to the first treatment cycle in five of them. Four of these latter five patients already had disease progression after one treatment cycle. A primary tumor site was later identified in four patients, three colon carcinomas and one carcinoma of the pancreas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Etoposide given in this dose and schedule has only limited activity in patients with well- or moderately-differentiated adenocarcinomas of unknown primary site.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam Cancer Institute, Daniel den Hoed Kliniek, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van der Gaast
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Henzen-Logmans
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Planting
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stoter
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Verweij
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009382:Neoplasms, Unknown Primary / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D005047:Etoposide