title: Expansion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from human tumors using the T-cell growth factors interleukin-2 and interleukin-4.
abstract: We examined the role of two T cell-growth factors, interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-4, in expansion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from human tumors. In sarcoma, IL-4 (1,000 U/ml) with IL-2 (10 or 1,000 U/ml) grew TILs better than did IL-2 alone in six of 10 cases during 6 weeks of culture. IL-4 decreased the relative number of CD56+ cells, which correlated with a decrease in cytolysis against Daudi in six of 10 cases. The addition of IL-4 with 1,000 U of IL-2 maintained or increased cytolysis against autologous sarcoma, while decreasing nonspecific cytolysis against Daudi or allogeneic sarcoma in three of eight cases. IL-4 decreased cytolysis against both autologous sarcoma and Daudi in four of 10 cases, suggesting nonspecific activity in these instances. In renal cell cancer (RCC), IL-4 with IL-2 (10 or 1,000 U/ml) augmented TIL growth in six of eight cases, especially during the first 2-3 weeks of culture. IL-4 with 10 U of IL-2 increased cytolysis against both autologous RCC and Daudi in six of eight cases, suggesting possible prior cell activation. In contrast, IL-4 addition with 1,000 U of IL-2 maintained or increased cytolysis against autologous RCC, while decreasing cytolysis against Daudi or allogeneic RCC in four of eight cases. In cases of bladder and of prostate cancer, IL-4 with 1,000 U of IL-2 grew TILs slightly better in five of seven cases for the first 2-3 weeks. Bladder TILs grown with IL-2 and/or IL-4 were CD+ T cell predominant (three of five) and rarely lytic for autologous tumor. In colon cancer and hepatoma, TILs grown with IL-2 and/or IL-4 were nonlytic for the autologous tumor. IL-4 in conjunction with IL-2 could therefore augment growth of some TILs especially for the first 2-3 weeks from various human tumors.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Lotze
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D010641:Phenotype; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015847:Interleukin-4