title: Peptidoglycan and teichoic acid from Staphylococcus epidermidis stimulate human monocytes to release tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6.
abstract: Cytokines play a major role in the pathophysiology of septic shock. In this study, human peripheral blood monocytes were stimulated with peptidoglycan and teichoic acid, purified from a strain of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Polymyxin B (PM-B) was added to avoid the effects of possible contamination with endotoxin. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the supernates were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Peptidoglycan and teichoic acid induced TNF, IL-1, and IL-6 in a concentration-dependent manner. Teichoic acid was a weaker inducer than peptidoglycan, especially for IL-1. Lipopolysaccharide from an E. coli strain was used as a control, being 100-1000 times more potent than peptidoglycan and teichoic acid.
authors.affiliation: Eijkman-Winkler Institute of Medical and Clinical Microbiology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mattsson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Verhage
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rollof
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fleer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Verhoef
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Dijk
mesh_terms: D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011112:Polymyxin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000737:chemistry*; D013682:Teichoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D013682:Teichoic Acids; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D011112:Polymyxin B