title: Molecular cytogenetics: applications in clinical genetics.
abstract: To illustrate the advantage of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in clinical genetics, we have chosen six clinical cases from our routine laboratory where we have used molecular cytogenic techniques to optimise the cytogenetic analysis. Using centromere-specific DNA probes and whole chromosome DNA libraries either obtained from somatic cell hybrids or generated from flow-sorted chromosomes, we have been able to identify small marker chromosomes, chromosomal duplications and inversions, to determine the ploidy in interphase nuclei, and to characterize subtle chromosomal translocations. We conclude that molecular cytogenetics is a valuable technique that should be used as a supplement to conventional cytogenetics to reduce the number of unresolved karyotypes in clinical genetics.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Genetics, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Brandt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hindkjaer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Strømkjaer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sunde
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kølvraa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000782:Aneuploidy; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000502:physiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000502:physiology*; D007446:Chromosome Inversion; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007399:Interphase / Q000235:genetics; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers