title: The in vitro production of thromboxane B2 by platelets of diabetic patients is normal at physiological concentrations of ionized calcium.
abstract: Platelets of patients with diabetes and no evidence of macroangiopathy produce normal amounts of thromboxane (Tx) B2 in vivo, whereas they usually show increased production in vitro. Since in vitro studies have been usually performed in citrated PRP, we tested the hypothesis that the discrepancy between in vivo and in vitro studies is due to the low concentration of plasma ionized calcium ([Ca2+]o) that is present in citrated PRP. In fact, low [Ca2+]o artifactually potentiates the platelet TxB2 production in vitro. Forty patients with diabetes mellitus and 37 matched controls were studied. Blood was anticoagulated with citrate, the thrombin inhibitor D-phenylalanyl-l-prolyl-l-chloromethylketone (PPACK) or both anticoagulants. Platelet aggregation, release of 14C-serotonin and TxB2 production were induced in platelet rich plasma (PRP) by several agonists. The following results were obtained: i) Citrated PRP: Arachidonic acid induced aggregation (p < 0.01) and TxB2 production (p < 0.02) were significantly greater in patients than in controls. No statistically significant differences were found with other agonists. ii) PPACK PRP: No statistically significant difference was found between diabetic platelets and controls. iii) PPACK plus citrate PRP: The results were not different from those obtained with citrate alone. Therefore, our results show that diabetic platelets produce normal amounts of TxB2 in vitro when the [Ca2+]o is physiological.
authors.affiliation: A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Institute of Internal Medicine, Milan Italy.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Falcon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cattaneo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghidoni
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Mannucci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000590:Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones / Q000494:pharmacology; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D000991:Antithrombins / Q000494:pharmacology; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D002951:Citrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D019343:Citric Acid; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008875:Middle Aged; D010976:Platelet Count; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000590:Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones; D000925:Anticoagulants; D000991:Antithrombins; D002951:Citrates; D019343:Citric Acid; D013929:Thromboxane B2; C040308:phenylalanyl-prolyl-arginine-chloromethyl ketone; D002118:Calcium