title: An aggressive approach to massive middle cerebral artery infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report favorable outcome after surgical decompression, or strokectomy, guided by xenon-enhanced computed tomographic studies of cerebral blood flow in the setting of potentially fatal swelling from massive cerebral infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis with 3 months to 3 years of follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  University of Pittsburgh (Pa) Medical Center, a tertiary care university referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four patients, aged 14 to 46 years, presented with focal neurologic deficits appropriate for a massive middle cerebral artery infarction (two dominant and two nondominant). In spite of medical therapy, all patients deteriorated to at least a decreased level of consciousness.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using xenon-enhanced computed tomographic studies of cerebral blood flow in three patients, areas of severely ischemic (blood flow, < 5 mL/100 g per minute), nonviable brain were identified and resected.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outcome was measured by survival and ability to perform activities of daily living.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperatively, all patients recovered rapidly (< 6 hours) to the level of function at admission and were able to perform the activities of daily living with minimal or no assistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite deficits appropriate to the area of infarction, prompt management of life-threatening postinfarction swelling by surgical decompression can yield favorable outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pa.
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Kalia
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yonas
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed