title: Effect of continuous combined estrogen and desogestrel hormone replacement therapy on serum lipids and lipoproteins.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of continuous combined hormone replacement therapy with desogestrel and 17 beta-estradiol (E2) on serum lipids and lipoproteins.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-seven healthy postmenopausal women of less than 60 years of age were studied prospectively and treated with oral desogestrel 0.15 mg/day and micronized 17 beta-E2 1 mg/day, both taken continuously. Fasting venous blood samples for serum lipids and lipoproteins were taken before and after 6 and 12 months of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-two women completed the study. Levels of all serum lipids and lipoproteins fell significantly by 6 months and remained low at 12 months. The mean percentage reduction after 12 months of treatment was 12.8% for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, which largely resulted from a reduction in the HDL2 subfraction, which fell by 25.7%. The mean percentage reduction for both low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides was 7.7%. The median percentage reduction for lipoprotein (a) was 17.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This combination of hormone replacement therapy had profound effects on serum lipids and lipoproteins. According to current concepts, reductions in total and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoprotein (a) may reduce cardiovascular disease risk. The reduction in HDL was unexpected, given the rise in HDL that has been demonstrated when desogestrel is combined with ethinyl estradiol in the contraceptive pill. The lowering of HDL observed in this study is undesirable and may be potentially harmful. Our results indicate that when desogestrel 0.15 mg/day is combined with micronized 17 beta-E2 1 mg/day in a continuous manner, the effects of the progestogen on HDL predominate and cause a reduction in HDL and the HDL2 subfraction.
authors.affiliation: Wynn Institute for Metabolic Research, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Marsh
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Crook
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Whitcroft
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Worthington
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Whitehead
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Stevenson
mesh_terms: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects*; D017135:Desogestrel / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008074:Lipoproteins; D004958:Estradiol; D017135:Desogestrel