title: Demonstration of immunoglobulin G with affinity for dopamine in cerebrospinal fluid from psychotic patients.
abstract: Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, significantly raised concentrations of immunoglobulin G with affinity for the neurotransmitter dopamine were demonstrated in cerebrospinal fluid from psychotic patients. We have varied the antigen presentation in order to find a conjugate with low unspecific binding. The conjugation of dopamine to carbodiimide-activated poly-L-glutamic acid and that to activated succinimide ester of biotin are described. The use of glutaraldehyde conjugation is not recommended because of the risk of formation of tetrahydroisoquinolines. A strong correlation (r = 0.94, P < 0.001) between the results obtained with dopamine conjugated to poly-L-glutamic acid and dopamine conjugated to biotin was observed. Forty-two human cerebrospinal fluid samples from 20 psychotic patients, (12 with a bipolar disorder and 8 with schizophrenia) and 22 control patients, with various neurological diseases but no apparent psychiatric diseases were investigated. A significantly higher incidence (P < 0.001) of antibodies with affinity for dopamine were found in the group of psychotic patients compared with the neurological control group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bergquist
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bergquist
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Axelsson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ekman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004298:Dopamine / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D004298:Dopamine