title: A membrane form of brain L-glutamate decarboxylase: identification, isolation, and its relation to insulin-dependent mellitus.
abstract: A membrane form of L-glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) was identified and purified to apparent homogeneity from hog brain. The purified GAD was established as an integral membrane protein by phase-partitioning assay, charge-shift electrophoresis, and chromatography on a hydrophobic interaction column. This membrane GAD has a native molecular mass of 96 +/- 5 kDa and is a homodimer of 48 +/- 3-kDa subunits. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting tests revealed the presence of antibodies against this membrane GAD in sera from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Since this form of GAD appears to be an integral membrane protein and is presumed to have extracellular domains exposed, it seems reasonable to suggest that membrane GAD is more likely than soluble GAD to be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes and related autoimmune disorders such as stiff-man syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045-2106.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nathan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aguilar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yarom
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology*; D003902:Detergents; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D012995:Solubility; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase