The neuroanatomy of depression.
Findings from computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies of patients with depression suggest that this mood disorder is associated with regional brain dysfunction. The various elements of depression--dysphoria, anhedonia, helplessness, and sad affect--are all closely associated with changes in cerebral blood flow and/or metabolism in the frontal-temporal cortex and caudate nucleus. A compelling convergence of information from psychiatric and neurologic investigations indicates that depression is mediated by a restricted set of brain structures.
Cummings
J L
JL
UCLA Alzheimer's Disease Center, UCLA School of Medicine 90024-1769.
D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed