title: PCR analysis of the upstream regulatory region of human papillomavirus genomes in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test whether human papillomavirus (HPV) variants with large scale sequence alterations to the upstream regulatory region are present in cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN) and cervical carcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  New PCR based assays were designed specifically to detect large scale insertion/deletion alterations in the upstream regulatory region of HPV 16 and 18. The assays were applied to 24 cases of CIN and 34 cases of cervical carcinoma previously shown to contain these two high risk HPV types.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No large scale sequence alterations were found in any of the HPV containing CIN or carcinomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These negative findings suggest that major upstream regulatory region variants of HPV 16 and 18 do not contribute to most cervical neoplasms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University Medical School, Edinburgh.
authors.forename: Y K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Arends
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Duvall
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Bird
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000235:genetics; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005260:Female; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000382:microbiology*; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral