title: Successful treatment of antimony-resistant visceral leishmaniasis with liposomal amphotericin B in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
abstract: We describe two cases of visceral leishmaniasis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); both cases were resistant to antimony compounds but were cured with liposomal amphotericin B, with no significant toxicity. A review of the previous reported cases of antimony-resistant visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients confirmed the effectiveness of treatment with liposomal amphotericin B, which directly targets infected macrophages and reaches high levels in plasma and tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Regional Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Torre-Cisneros
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Villanueva
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kindelan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jurado
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Guijo
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000328:Adult; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007891:Leishmania / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008081:Liposomes; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008081:Liposomes; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D008536:Meglumine; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D000666:Amphotericin B