title: Paracetamol poisoning and hepatotoxicity in Chinese--the Prince of Wales Hospital (Hong Kong) experience.
abstract: From 1989 to 1991, 104 Chinese patients were admitted to the Prince of Wales Hospital with paracetamol poisoning. Only 11 subjects had a plasma paracetamol concentration above the published treatment line. Intravenous N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was completely effective when given within 8 hours (3 patients), while late treatment with NAC at 16 and 26 hours after overdose (2 patients) was ineffective in preventing liver damage as evidenced by elevations in plasma alanine transaminase concentrations. Of the 6 patients receiving NAC between 10 to 15 hours, two had liver damage. Two other subjects who presented late or in whom a plasma paracetamol concentration was not measured also developed liver damage. Fortunately, none of these 6 subjects developed hepatic encephalopathy. We recommend that a standard protocol be readily available for junior hospital staff to use when treating patients with paracetamol overdosage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT.
authors.forename: T Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: A Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Critchley
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood / Q000506:poisoning*; D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D062787:Drug Overdose / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000209:etiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014839:Vomiting / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D000082:Acetaminophen; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000111:Acetylcysteine