title: Vascularized bone flaps in oromandibular reconstruction. A comparative anatomic study of bone stock from various donor sites to assess suitability for enosseous dental implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify donor sites from which vascularized bone may be harvested capable of accepting osseointegrated implants of the minimum dimensions required to ensure long-term implant stability.
  
  
  METHODS
  An anatomic study of the most commonly employed donor sites for vascularized bone in oromandibular reconstruction was conducted on 28 cadavers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic tertiary referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight freshly embalmed, adult white cadavers (16 male, 12 female) were dissected.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ipsilateral fibula, iliac crest, radius, and lateral border of the scapula were harvested and multiply sectioned at predetermined sites.
  
  
  METHODS
  Implantability was determined for each section based on measurements of height, width, and cross-sectional area utilizing computer planimetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The iliac crest was the most consistently implantable donor site, followed by the scapula, fibula, and radius (83%, 78%, 67%, and 21% of sections from each donor site satisfying the criteria for implantability). Consistent regional differences in implantability were encountered at each donor site except the scapula.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Following ablation of oromandibular malignant neoplasms, restoration of stable retentive dentition is a prerequisite to a successful functional oral rehabilitation. This is best achieved with enosseous implants, capable of supporting a stable dental prosthesis, placed directly into vascularized bone flaps at the time of mandibular reconstruction. The implications of the results obtained in this study for gender, donor site selection, and orientation of the vascularized bone flap are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Moscoso
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Genden
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Weinberg
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Biller
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buchbinder
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Urken
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D005360:Fibula / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007085:Ilium / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D008339:Mandibular Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D016348:Osseointegration; D011884:Radius / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D012540:Scapula / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D013524:Surgical Flaps
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants