title: Demographic characteristics of retroviral infections (HIV-1, HIV-2, and HTLV-I) among female professional sex workers in Lagos, Nigeria.
abstract: In 1990/1991, 885 prostitutes residing in 11 of the 12 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Lagos State, Nigeria, participated in a cross-sectional study to determine current seroprevalence of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2), and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). The overall prevalence of HIV-1 was 12.3%, of HIV-2, 2.1%, and of HTLV-I, 2.8%. HIV-1 seropositivity did not vary significantly by age, socioeconomic class, or nationality, but HIV-1 seroprevalence was significantly elevated for prostitutes resident in the Port area of Lagos which serves as a crossroads for international and national commerce (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.1, 4.6). HIV-2 infection was significantly associated with low socioeconomic class (OR = 3.7; 95% CI = 1.2, 10.8) and non-Nigerian nationality (OR = 6.7; 95% CI = 2.5, 18.4). Prevalence of HTLV-I infection increased significantly with age (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.0, 5.3). The high seroprevalence of HIV-1 in this survey, compared with previous surveys reported in the last several years and the correlation between high prevalence and areas of international commerce suggest that HIV-1 is spreading in this area of Nigeria. Intensified prevention campaigns are needed to address this possible emerging epidemic.
authors.affiliation: Research Triangle Institute, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Dada
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oyewole
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Onofowokan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nasidi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levin
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Diamondstone
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Blattner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology*; D015481:HTLV-I Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011477:Sex Work; D012923:Social Class; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015481:HTLV-I Antibodies