title: Anti-nociceptive effects of the GM1 ganglioside derivative AGF 44 on the formalin test in normal and streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
abstract: The effect of AGF 44, an ester derivative of ganglioside GM1, on formalin-induced nociceptive behavior was examined in normal and streptozotocin-diabetic rats. AGF 44 (30 mg/kg/day i.p. for 7 days) produced a significant reduction of the second phase (20-40 min) and a lesser degree of suppression of the first phase (1-2 min) of the formalin test in both control and diabetic rats. Diabetic rats showed an increased response during the quiescent period (5-16 min) which was ameliorated by treatment with AGF 44 (30 mg/kg i.p.) for the last 7 days of a 5 week period of diabetes. These results indicate that AGF 44 can diminish responses to a prolonged nociceptive stimulus in both normal and diabetic rats and reduces the exaggerated nociceptive behavior of diabetic rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0818.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Malmberg
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Yaksh
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Calcutt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D004924:Escape Reaction / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000187:drug effects; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D005557:Formaldehyde; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside; C079117:mipragoside