title: Beta-very low density lipoprotein is sequestered in surface-connected tubules in mouse peritoneal macrophages.
abstract: beta-very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) is a large lipoprotein with multiple apoprotein E (apoE) molecules that bind to the LDL receptors on mouse macrophages. Even though they bind to the same receptor, the endocytic processing of beta-VLDL differs from low density lipoprotein (LDL). LDL is rapidly delivered to perinuclear lysosomes and degraded, but much of the beta-VLDL is retained in peripheral compartments for several minutes. We have investigated the properties of these peripheral compartments. Measurement of the pH was made using FITC-phosphatidylethanolamine incorporated into the beta-VLDL, and we found that the peripheral compartments were near neutral in pH. These peripheral, beta-VLDL containing compartments were poorly accessible to antibodies, but a low molecular weight fluorescence quencher (trypan blue) entered the compartments within a few seconds. Intermediate voltage EM of cells labeled with colloidal-gold-beta-VLDL revealed that the peripheral compartments are tubular, surface-connected invaginations. Kinetic studies with fluorescent beta-VLDL showed that the compartments become fully sealed with a half-time of 6 min, and the beta-VLDL is then delivered rapidly to perinuclear lysosomes. By monitoring fluorescence energy transfer between lipid analogs incorporated into the beta-VLDL, some processing of the lipoprotein in the peripheral tubular compartments is demonstrated. The novel mode of uptake of beta-VLDL may account for the high cholesterol ester accumulation induced by this lipoprotein.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Physiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York 10032.
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tabas
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Maxfield
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD; D001692:Biological Transport; D016466:CHO Cells; D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D006224:Cricetinae; D004705:Endocytosis; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D051907:Lysosomal Membrane Proteins; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010529:Peritoneal Cavity / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D051907:Lysosomal Membrane Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins