title: Social deprivation and premature mortality: regional comparison across England.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the pattern and size of the relationship between social deprivation in electoral wards and premature mortality for each health region in England.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ecological study using 1981 census variables and data on mortality for 1981-5.
  
  
  METHODS
  14 regional health authorities in England.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mortality under the age of 65 years from all causes, coronary heart disease, and smoking related diseases in men and women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Increasing deprivation was significantly associated with mortality from all causes, coronary heart disease, and smoking related diseases. The relationship was linear with no apparent threshold. Correlation coefficients were generally greater for deaths from all causes and smoking related diseases and for men compared with women. The slope of the relationship between deprivation and mortality varied among regions. Variations in mortality still existed between regions for equal levels of deprivation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Deprivation of an area and premature mortality are strongly linked. The effects of deprivation can be seen throughout the range of affluence and are not limited to the poorest areas. Current targets for reducing coronary heart disease mortality may be achievable if the mortality in poor areas can be reduced to the rates in affluent areas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London Medical School.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eames
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ben-Shlomo
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Marmot
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002423:Cause of Death; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality; D011203:Poverty; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors