title: Maxillofacial fractures in children.
abstract: A clinico-statistical and long-term follow-up study was performed on 81 pediatric fractures seen during the 14 years between 1977 and 1990. Of all maxillofacial fractures, the incidence of pediatric fractures was 14.7%. The ratio of boys to girls was 2.1:1, and the highest incidence involved boys over 13 years of age. Fractures of the upper alveolar bone and mandible were common. Conservative therapy, such as maxillomandibular fixation using orthodontic brackets was usually performed and was found to be successful. The long-term follow-up study revealed that 5 out of 21 patients with alveolar fractures complained of malocclusion and it is suggested that a longer duration of intramaxillary fixation and long-term follow-up might be needed for alveolar fractures in children.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uchide
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomitsuka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimijima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Amagasa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005592:Fracture Fixation; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000209:etiology; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000293:injuries; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D008440:Maxillary Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012744:Sex Ratio; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires