title: Clinical and histological determinants of smooth-muscle cell outgrowth in cultured atherectomy specimens: importance of thrombus organization.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coronary atherectomy provides a unique opportunity to obtain plaque tissue from a wide variety of clinical syndromes. We investigated the relation between the clinical status and histopathological substrate of tissue retrieved during directional coronary atherectomy and the proliferative and migratory potential of smooth-muscle cells judged from successful outgrowth during cell culture.
  
  
  METHODS
  After directional coronary atherectomy, tissue samples were examined macroscopically, divided into two equal pieces, and separately subjected to cell culture and histopathological study. Cell culture was performed using an explant technique. In-vitro smooth-muscle cell outgrowth was related to clinical and histological variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Atherosclerotic tissue was obtained from 98 consecutive atherectomy procedures. Histological examination revealed a broad spectrum of appearances, ranging from complex atheroma containing dense fibrous tissue, calcium deposits, macrophages, and necrotic debris to neointimal proliferation and organized thrombi. Smooth-muscle cell outgrowth was observed in 43 of the 98 samples (44%). Although not affected by any of the clinical variables, cell outgrowth was influenced by histological variables, in particular the presence of organizing thrombi. Outgrowth was successful in eight out of 10 samples with thrombus (80%) and in only 35 out of 88 (40%) without (P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of organizing thrombi in the retrieved tissue facilitates smooth-muscle cell outgrowth and suggests an enhanced proliferative and migratory potential. These findings may be relevant to the understanding of neointimal proliferation in coronary syndromes where mural thrombosis is likely to occur.
authors.affiliation: Catheterization Laboratory, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Escaned
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Violaris
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: MacLeod
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Umans
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: van Suylen
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: de Feyter
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Verdouw
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Serruys
mesh_terms: D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000473:pathology; D017225:Atherectomy, Coronary; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000473:pathology*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000473:pathology*