title: Retinoic acid and interferon combination studies in human cancer.
abstract: Retinoic acid and interferon-alpha have limited single-agent activity in advanced cancer. Cell culture data indicate that in combination these agents have enhanced activity (modulating growth and differentiation) in a number of malignant cell types. Recent clinical work in advanced squamous cell carcinoma reports major activity with this regimen. This paper reviews the preclinical and clinical data testing retinoic acid in combination with interferons and presents recent work integrating these agents with radiotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lippman
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Glisson
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kavanagh
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lotan
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paredes-Espinoza
authors.forename: W N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Hittelman
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Holdener
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Krakoff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D016898:Interferon-alpha; D014212:Tretinoin