title: HLA DR4 is a marker for rapid disease progression in primary sclerosing cholangitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an inflammatory disease of the biliary tree associated with an increase in the HLA alleles DR3, DR52a, DR2, Dw2, and a decrease in DR4. However, it is not certain which of these alleles provides the primary associations. Our aim was to establish the primary HLA associations with PSC and to assess the ability of HLA alleles to mark for disease progression.
  
  
  METHODS
  By applying molecular techniques to archival tissue, we have genotyped 83 PSC patients from two populations and 131 controls for the alleles HLA DR2, DR3, DR4, DRw12, DR52a, and Dw2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HLA DR3, DR52a, DR2, and Dw2 were all significantly increased in PSC, with the relative risk for DR52a and Dw2 being greater than for DR3 and DR2, respectively. HLA DR4 was significantly decreased, but this may be artifactual to the DR3, DR2 increase. HLA DR4 and not DR52a marks for rapid disease progression in both our PSC populations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HLA DR52a and Dw2 are the best candidate alleles for providing the known HLA association with PSC. HLA DR4 and not DR52a marks for rapid disease progression in our two PSC populations.
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Pathology and Bacteriology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, England.
authors.forename: W Z
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Mehal
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Wordsworth
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Neuberger
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hubscher
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Chapman
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000032:analysis; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001483:Base Sequence; D002761:Cholangitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007930:Leucine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D007930:Leucine