title: XASH-3, a novel Xenopus achaete-scute homolog, provides an early marker of planar neural induction and position along the mediolateral axis of the neural plate.
abstract: We have isolated a novel Xenopus homolog of the Drosophila achaete-scute genes, called XASH-3. XASH-3 expression is neural specific and is detected as early as stage 11 1/2, making it one of the earliest markers of neural induction so far described. Moreover, XASH-3 expression within the neural plate is regionally restricted. Transverse bands of XASH-3 mRNA mark discrete positions along the anteroposterior axis, while longitudinal bands mark a discrete position along the mediolateral axis. This latter site of XASH-3 expression appears to demarcate the prospective sulcus limitans, a boundary zone that later separates the functionally distinct dorsal (alar) and ventral (basal) regions of the spinal cord. In sandwich explants lacking any underlying mesoderm, XASH-3 is expressed in longitudinal stripes located lateral to the midline. This provides the first indication that planar or midline-derived inductive signals are sufficient to establish at least some aspects of positional identity along the mediolateral axis of the neural plate. By contrast, the transverse stripes of XASH-3 expression are not detected, suggesting that this aspect of anteroposterior neural pattern is lost or delayed in the absence of vertically passed signals. The restricted mediolateral expression of XASH-3 suggests that mediolateral patterning of the neural plate is an early event, and that this regionalization can be achieved in the absence of inducing signals derived from underlying mesoderm.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bars
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Collazo
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004627:Embryonic Induction / Q000235:genetics*; D005796:Genes / Q000235:genetics*; D005819:Genetic Markers; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D009420:Nervous System / Q000196:embryology*; D017385:Sequence Homology; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers