title: Inter-relationships between pterins and cytokines produced during allogeneic immune reactions and possible use as early markers of immune activation.
abstract: The pterins neopterin and xanthopterin have been measured together with the cytokines IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and TNF-beta in the supernatants of 20 allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions. We have calculated rank correlation coefficients between these analytes and the immune response. Our findings confirm that neopterin is a sensitive early marker of immune activation and show that another pterin, xanthopterin could be used likewise. Cytokine production was also proportional to immune activation but none could be used consistently as early markers of immune activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Charing Cross & Westminster Medical School, University of London, UK.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rippin
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Henderson
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001708:Biopterins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019798:Neopterin; D011622:Pterins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014976:Xanthopterin / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D011622:Pterins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D001708:Biopterins; D019798:Neopterin; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D014976:Xanthopterin