Quantitative two-process analysis of avoidance conditioning in goldfish.
The shuttlebox performance of goldfish was studied under standardized conditions in a variety of problems--with or without an avoidance contingency, a conditioned stimulus (CS)-termination contingency, and an escape contingency. The effects of CS-only, unconditioned stimulus (US)-only, and explicitly unpaired training were also examined. All the data could be simulated quantitatively with a version of O. H. Mowrer's (1947) 2-process theory expressed in 2 learning equations (1 classical, the other instrumental) and a performance equation. The good fit suggests that the theory is worth developing further with new experiments designed to challenge it.
Zhuikov
A Y
AY
Severtsov Institute of Evolutionary Animal Morphology and Ecology, Moscow, Russia.
Couvillon
P A
PA
Bitterman
M E
ME
D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning; D003214:Conditioning, Classical; D004924:Escape Reaction; D005108:Extinction, Psychological; D006054:Goldfish; D009949:Orientation; D011340:Problem Solving