title: Hypothalamic releasing hormones mediating the effects of interleukin-1 on sleep.
abstract: There is a substantial literature describing the interactions between the endocrine and immune systems. Although such interactions are less well known within the brain, one major brain function altered during inflammation and infection and by several endocrine hormones is sleep. Pathological disturbances, be they inflammation, infectious disease, and/or sleep deprivation, result in altered hypothalamus-pituitary function and cytokine metabolism. In respect to hormone secretion from the pituitary, cytokines are now recognized to play an important role in modulating the neuroendocrine system. Changes in sleep provide a useful illustration of the interactions between cytokines and the hypothalamus-pituitary axis. Evidence linking interleukin-1 (IL-1) to growth hormone releasing hormone and to corticotropin releasing hormone in regard to their effects on sleep is reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Alabama, Birmingham.
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Obál
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Krueger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone