title: Changes in cytosolic cGMP and calcium in airway smooth muscle relaxed by 3-morpholinosydnonimine.
abstract: Nitrovasodilators relax airway smooth muscle by both guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent and cGMP-independent mechanisms and by mechanisms that reduce cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i). This study was conducted to determine the relative importance of these mechanisms in relaxation of canine tracheal smooth muscle (CTSM) induced by 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1). We measured 1) the effect of SIN-1 on force, [cGMP]i, and [Ca2+]i, and 2) the ability of methylene blue (MB) to antagonize SIN-1-induced relaxation and cGMP accumulation. The ratio of fura 2 emission fluorescence intensities due to excitation at 340- and 380-nm wavelengths (F340/F380) was used as an index of [Ca2+]i. In strips contracted with 0.3 microM acetylcholine (ACh, n = 8) or 24 mM KCl (n = 8), SIN-1 (1-100 microM) caused a concentration-dependent decrease in force which was correlated with a concentration-dependent increase in [cGMP]i. MB (10 microM) proportionally attenuated both relaxation and cGMP accumulation. In fura 2-loaded strips contracted with 0.3 microM ACh (n = 7) or 30 mM KCl (n = 7), reductions in force induced by SIN-1 (1-100 microM) were accompanied by decreases in F340/F380. These findings suggest that in CTSM contracted with ACh or KCl, SIN-1 causes relaxation which appears to be mediated by cGMP-dependent mechanisms that reduce [Ca2+]i.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.forename: Z S
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Katusić
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Sieck
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000494:pharmacology; D008981:Molsidomine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D014132:Trachea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C002385:linsidomine; D008981:Molsidomine; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D002118:Calcium; D008751:Methylene Blue