title: An upstream element from the human insulin receptor gene promoter contains binding sites for C/EBP beta and NF-1.
abstract: We have shown previously that a 500-bp region of the human insulin receptor promoter (-0.3 to -1.8 kb) was able to stimulate transcription from a heterologous thymidine kinase promoter in HepG2 hepatoma cells but not in HeLa fibroblasts. Footprint analysis localized the transcription factor binding sites to a 36-bp region at -1420. In this paper, we analyze the factors that recognize this element and show that it contains binding sites for the CAAT/enhancer binding protein C/EBP and nuclear factor 1 (NF-1). In addition we show that both C/EBP alpha and the C/EBP beta can transactivate the human insulin receptor promoter in a dose-dependent manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0673.
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Resnik
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005809:Genes, Regulator; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D051839:NFI Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000235:genetics*; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D051840:Y-Box-Binding Protein 1
chemical_list: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051839:NFI Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051840:Y-Box-Binding Protein 1; C070856:YBX1 protein, human; D004247:DNA; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase; D013937:Thymidine Kinase; D011972:Receptor, Insulin