title: Initial effects of the grounding of the tanker Braer on health in Shetland. The Shetland Health Study Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if the oil spillage from the tanker Braer had any immediate health effects on the exposed resident population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort study with a comparison against controls, exposure status being assigned on the basis of geographical location.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rural Shetland.
  
  
  METHODS
  All those resident on or after 5 January 1993 (day 0) within 4.5 km of the site of tanker's grounding. Controls matched for sex and age were drawn from a general practice list 95 km distant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic details; smoking and alcohol consumption; perception of health and reported presence or absence of specific symptoms; peak expiratory flow; results of haematology, liver and renal function tests, and blood and urine toxicology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of subjects contacted, 420 (66%) exposed people and 92 (68%) controls were studied; 56 non-attenders were surveyed. Principal health effects arose on days 1 and 2 and were headache, throat irritation, and itchy eyes. No significant differences between those exposed and controls were found for any of the biological markers. Toxicological studies did not show any exposures that are known to affect human health.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study confirmed the anecdotal reports of certain acute symptoms. No evidence of pulmonary, haematological, renal, or hepatic damage was detected at the population level. Toxicological samples from exposed people did not find levels known to affect human health. Further studies are required to ascertain whether there have been any long term effects on the population.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Unit, Ruchill Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Crum
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Christie
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brewster
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004190:Disasters; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010578:Petroleum / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010608:Pharyngeal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D012606:Scotland; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010578:Petroleum