Induction of fictive locomotion by sulphur-containing amino acids in an in vitro newborn rat preparation.
The role of the sulphur-containing amino acids (SAAs) in the initiation of fictive locomotion was tested in an isolated spinal cord preparation from newborn rats. These substances were bath-applied and the fictive locomotion was recorded in the lumbar ventral roots. It emerged from this study that all the compounds tested could trigger an organized pattern (alternating left and right bursts of activity) with a dose-dependent response. However, specific frequency and concentration ranges were observed with each of these SAAs. Moreover, a clear-cut difference between D and L isomers in the ability of the SAAs to induce this activity was observed; the SAAs of the D-forms were found to be generally more potent than those of the L-forms. The effects of the SAAs were found to be mediated by both NMDA and non-NMDA receptors, since they were blocked in a dose-dependent manner by the specific antagonists of these receptors. Moreover, it was observed that beta-p-chlorophenylglutamic acid, an uptake inhibitor of homocysteic acid (HCA), potentiated the effect of exogenously applied HCA, which supports the idea that HCA may act as a transmitter. The sulphuric and non-sulphuric amino acids were also classified in their order of potency. The most potent compound turned out to be D-homocysteine sulphinic acid, while D-cysteine sulphinic acid was the least potent. It also emerged that the maximal frequencies obtained with SAAs and excitatory amino acids were in the same range, which might correspond to the maximal limits of this system.
Houssaini
Y S
YS
Laboratoire de Neurobiologie et Mouvement, CNRS, Marseille, France.
Cazalets
J R
JR
Martini
F
F
Clarac
F
F
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000603:Amino Acids, Sulfur / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017459:Receptors, Amino Acid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
D000596:Amino Acids; D000603:Amino Acids, Sulfur; D011810:Quinoxalines; D017459:Receptors, Amino Acid; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D006710:Homocysteine; C007956:homocysteic acid; C056723:FG 9041