Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol selectively inhibits T-cell dependent humoral immune responses through direct inhibition of accessory T-cell function.
The major psychoactive and immunosuppressive component of marihuana, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC), was investigated for its effects on primary humoral immune responses in the B6C3F1 mouse strain. Oral administration of 50-200 mg/kg delta 9-THC produced a selective and dose related inhibition of primary humoral immune responses to the T-cell dependent antigen, sRBC, as measured by the antibody forming cell (AFC) response with no inhibitory effect on humoral responses to the T-cell independent antigen, DNP-Ficoll. A similar profile of immune inhibition was observed following in vitro direct addition of delta 9-THC to naive spleen cell cultures sensitized with defined antigens. delta 9-THC produced a marked and dose related inhibition of the in vitro sRBC AFC response while having no inhibitory effects on T-cell independent responses to either DNP-Ficoll or the polyclonal B-cell activator, lipopolysaccharide. This selective inhibition of the sRBC response was not due to a shift in the peak day of response or a direct cytotoxic effect on spleen cells. In vivo kinetic studies demonstrated that inhibition by delta 9-THC of the sRBC response was most pronounced when drug administration occurred at times surrounding antigen sensitization. To further evaluate the direct effect of delta 9-THC on T-cell function, T-cell proliferative responses to stimulation by anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies were measured. delta 9-THC was found to produce a marked and dose related inhibition of anti-CD3 mAb-induced T-cell proliferation which was cell density dependent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Schatz
A R
AR
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond.
Koh
W S
WS
Kaminski
N E
NE
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D013759:Dronabinol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008211:Lymphocyte Cooperation / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016853:Muromonab-CD3 / Q000494:pharmacology; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016853:Muromonab-CD3; D013759:Dronabinol