title: Histologic and microbiologic features of biopsy samples from patients with normal and inflamed pouches.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to assess the electron microscopic and microbiologic findings in tissue biopsy samples from patients with pouchitis and to compare them with findings in patients with normal pouches, conventional ileostomies, and normal ileum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue samples were obtained from 78 patients: 23 patients with normal pouches endoscopically and histologically (Group 1), 12 patients with endoscopic and histologic evidence of inflammation (pouchitis) (Group 2), 14 patients who had either endoscopic or histologic evidence of inflammation but not both (Group 3), 20 patients with conventional ileostomies (Group 4), and 9 patients without ileostomies from whom biopsy samples of normal ileum were obtained (Group 5).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean total aerobic facultative counts in the biopsy samples from the pouchitis patients were significantly higher when compared with biopsy samples from Groups 4 and 5 (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the mean anaerobic counts among the five groups. Positive cultures were obtained in 90 percent of patients with pouches compared with 69 percent of patients with conventional ileostomies or normal ileum (P < 0.05). Intramural bacteria were observed on electron microscopy in biopsy specimens of 47 percent patients with pouches compared with 14 percent of patients with conventional ileostomies or normal ileum (P < 0.05). However, the proportion of patients with positive cultures or intramural bacteria was not increased in the pouchitis group compared with the normal pouch group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that intramural aerobic facultative bacterial counts are elevated in patients with pouchitis and may play a role in the pathogenesis of pouchitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Canada.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: McLeod
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Antonioli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cullen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dvorak
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Onderdonk
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Silen
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Blair
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Monahan-Earley
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cisneros
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000254:growth & development; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000254:growth & development; D001706:Biopsy; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007079:Ileitis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D007081:Ileostomy; D007082:Ileum / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D016737:Proctocolectomy, Restorative; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method