title: Exercise causes oxidative damage to rat skeletal muscle microsomes while increasing cellular sulfhydryls.
abstract: The physiological and biochemical demands on contracting muscle make this tissue particularly susceptible to molecular and cellular damage. We looked at membrane structures in cardiac and skeletal muscle and in erythrocytes for exercise-induced lipid peroxidation. These tissues were removed from each of the rats used in this study. We also examined and compared the effects of exercise on the redox status of blood plasma, erythrocytes and cardiac and skeletal muscle from the same rats. We used a swim stress protocol to exercise the rats to exhaustion. Some form of chemical modification or oxidative damage to membranes was observed in all of the tissues tested. Cardiac muscle microsomes from exercised rats exhibited increased malondialdehyde and decreased phospholipid (control, 249.1 vs exercised, 120.6 nmols phospholipid/mg protein). Skeletal muscle microsomes showed decreased sulfhydryls, decreased phospholipid (control, 1,276.9 vs exercised, 137.7 nmols phospholipid/mg protein), increased malondialdehyde and greater protein crosslinking after exercise. Erythrocyte membranes also exhibited exercised-induced protein oxidation. However, the total cellular sulfhydryl content remained the same in erythrocytes and cardiac tissue but increased in blood plasma (control, 10.8 vs exercised, 24.7 mumols SH/dl plasma) and skeletal muscle after exercise. We conclude that exercise profoundly effects membrane structures. The body compensates for this lipid peroxidation and protein damage by increasing total cellular sulfhydryls in blood plasma and skeletal muscle which would aid in repair of the damaged membranes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City 64124.
authors.forename: S U
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Rajguru
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Yeargans
authors.forename: N W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Seidler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008566:Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D008861:Microsomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds