title: The metabolic stressor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) enhances LPS-stimulated cytokine production in mice.
abstract: The present study was designed to evaluate the influence of metabolic stress on murine cytokine production in vivo. Female Swiss-Webster mice were exposed to a single or multiple injections of the metabolic stressor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG; 500 mg/kg body wt) once every 48 h and then were injected intravenously with 10 micrograms of bacterial lipopolysaccharide to stimulate macrophage-derived cytokine production. Plasma samples were harvested 2 h later and were assayed for interleukin (IL)-1, IL-3, and IL-6 activities using a panel of standardized bioassays. It was found that one, two, or three injections of 2-DG enhanced the production of all three cytokines. An attenuation of the enhancing effect was observed following the fourth and fifth injections. These results demonstrate that the metabolic stressor 2-DG can alter immune cell effector functions, including the enhancement of normal patterns of cytokine production in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Kentucky 40292.
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Koebel
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sonnenfeld
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D007377:Interleukin-3; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007378:Interleukins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D003847:Deoxyglucose