title: Regulation of translation initiation and modulation of cellular physiology.
abstract: Translational control of gene expression is an important regulatory mechanism in cellular physiology. In eukaryotes, ribosomes can initiate translation by two different mechanisms: a majority of mRNAs undergo cap-dependent initiation at their extreme 5'-ends, but initiation can occur internally in some mRNAs. A number of important cellular responses, such as entry into a proliferative state and adaptation to changing nutrient levels, are mediated by changes in the mechanism of translation initiation of specific mRNAs. This article discusses new insights into control of gene expression gained through studies of regulation of eukaryotic translational initiation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Berne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Altmann
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Trachsel
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D010448:Peptide Initiation Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010448:Peptide Initiation Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D007501:Iron; D011494:Protein Kinases