Intake of 25 g of soybean protein with or without soybean fiber alters plasma lipids in men with elevated cholesterol concentrations.
Twenty-one mildly hypercholesterolemic men consumed a diet that was low in fat (< 30% of energy) and cholesterol (300 mg/d) and were given muffins containing 25 g protein + 20 g dietary fiber daily from either isolated soybean protein + soybean cotyledon fiber, isolated soybean protein + cellulose, casein + soybean cotyledon fiber or casein + cellulose. All subjects progressed through the low fat, low cholesterol baseline period, lasting 2 wk, and then through all four dietary treatments, lasting 4 wk each, according to a Latin square design. Plasma concentrations of total, LDL, HDL and VLDL cholesterol, total and VLDL triacylglycerols, and apolipoprotein A-I and B were measured at the end of each period. When data from all subjects were analyzed, dietary treatments did not influence lipemia; however, in subjects with initial total cholesterol concentrations > 5.7 mmol/L, both isolated soybean protein treatments resulted in significantly lower total cholesterol compared with the two casein treatments (P < 0.05). In addition, a negative linear relationship was observed when a subject's total or LDL cholesterol change after each of the soybean treatments was regressed against the subject's baseline cholesterol concentration (P < 0.05). Apolipoprotein A-I varied dependent on baseline cholesterol with no apparent pattern, whereas apolipoprotein B levels were not affected. Results indicate that consumption of 25 g soybean protein/d is associated with lower total cholesterol concentrations in individuals with initial cholesterol concentrations > 5.7 mmol/L.
Bakhit
R M
RM
Division of Foods and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 61801.
Klein
B P
BP
Essex-Sorlie
D
D
Ham
J O
JO
Erdman
J W
JW
Potter
S M
SM
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D002364:Caseins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000178:diet therapy*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D030262:Soybean Proteins; D013025:Glycine max; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D001053:Apolipoproteins; D002364:Caseins; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D008055:Lipids; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary; D030262:Soybean Proteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol