title: Acute diffuse leukoencephalitis in HIV-1 infection.
abstract: The clinical, neuroradiological, and cerebrospinal fluid findings of a case with acute diffuse leukoencephalitis, a demyelinating disease associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection of the brain, is reported. The patient presented with acute tetraparesis as the primary manifestation of a previously symptom free HIV infection. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed enhanced inflammatory abnormalities with high concentrations of P24 antigen. MRI showed diffuse white matter hyper-intensities in both hemispheres. In the follow up over 22 months, the neurological deficits disappeared after antiretroviral treatment in good correlation with improvements in MRI as well as in inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lüer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gerhards
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poser
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Felgenhauer
mesh_terms: D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011859:Radiography; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D015215:Zidovudine