title: Cytokine expression in the spinal cord lesions in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy.
abstract: Immunocytochemical staining of spinal cords from five autopsied patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis was performed using a panel of monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies reactive with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon (IFN)-alpha, IFN-beta, IFN-gamma and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta. In the spinal cords of patients with a shorter duration of illness, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma were expressed on perivascular infiltrating macrophages, astrocytes and microglia in active-chronic inflammatory lesions. In striking contrast, we rarely noted cytokine expression except for IFN-gamma in inactive-chronic lesions of patients with longer durations. In situ expression of these cytokines on microglia and astrocytes, in addition to infiltrating mononuclear cells, suggests that glial cells participate in the inflammatory process, especially in active lesions. In addition, the cytokine expression was gradually downregulated along with duration of illness.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Umehara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Izumo
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Ronquillo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumuro
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osame
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001344:Autopsy; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000032:analysis; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000032:analysis; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice / Q000276:immunology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015493:Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic / Q000473:pathology*; D011817:Rabbits / Q000276:immunology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016207:Cytokines; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016899:Interferon-beta; D007371:Interferon-gamma