title: Dietary fiber values for various breads are higher using enzymatic analysis rather than detergent analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the dietary fiber content of breads commonly eaten in Georgia, Michigan, Nevada, and Vermont.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dietary fiber content was determined according to neutral detergent fiber (NDF) plus pectin values and enzymatic gravimetric fiber values. White, whole-wheat, 100% stone-ground whole-wheat, cracked-wheat, and Roman Meal breads were analyzed for hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, total NDF, pectin, and enzymatic gravimetric total fiber.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of variance was used to determine significant F tests, and individual means were compared using Duncan's multiple range test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 100% stone-ground whole-wheat bread had the most total fiber and fiber components followed by whole-wheat, Roman Meal, cracked-wheat, and white bread, except for pectin, of which Roman Meal had the most. The enzymatic gravimetric method of determining total fiber gave significantly (P < .0001) greater dietary fiber values than the values obtained by analyzing NDF plus pectin. These values ranged from 153% to 370% higher; however, there was a high degree of correlation (r = .95) between the methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When recommending types of breads, dietitians should be aware of added ingredients that influence fiber values. When using published fiber values, dietitians should consider the technique used to quantify the fiber content.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D001939:Bread / Q000032:analysis*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000032:analysis*; D005845:Georgia; D006801:Humans; D008824:Michigan; D009505:Nevada; D010368:Pectins / Q000032:analysis; D011096:Polygalacturonase; D014707:Vermont
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D010368:Pectins; D011096:Polygalacturonase