Leishmaniasis: report of 33 cases and a review of the literature.
Leishmaniasis are parasitic diseases in extension. They appear in new foci, because of important displacements of populations, and they affect immunocompromised patients (under chemotherapy, transplanted, or HIV infected). Study of 33 cases of leishmaniasis, 22 visceral and 11 cutaneous, at the Hôpital du Kremlin-Bicêtre, France, showed predominant contamination in Maghreb and in the south of France. In the case of Kala-Azar, fever (18 cases) and hepatosplenomegaly (19 cases) are frequent, and the serodiagnosis and the search of parasites by myelogram are always positive. In HIV-infected individuals, clinical signs are similar, but the serodiagnosis is less reliable. Evolution is bad in transplanted patients who must remain under immunosuppressive drugs. In the case of cutaneous leishmaniasis, diagnosis is based on local sample, while the serodiagnosis remains negative. Treatment is sometimes long, necessitating repeated treatments.
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D000493:Allopurinol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004197:Disease Reservoirs; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010419:Pentamidine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines
D016052:Protozoan Vaccines; D000493:Allopurinol; D010419:Pentamidine; D008536:Meglumine