title: Determination of paraquat and diquat in low-moisture food crops using silica column cleanup and liquid chromatography with UV detection.
abstract: A sample cleanup method was developed for the determination of paraquat (PQ) and diquat (DQ) in low-moisture food crops. Low-moisture commodities, such as milled dry navy beans, are digested in acid. PQ and DQ are isolated from the digestates by using a 4 g column of preconditioned silica gel. The analytes are concentrated and then determined by liquid chromatography with a silica analytical column, sodium chloride as an ion-pairing re-agent, and acetonitrile as an organic modifier. PD and DQ are determined simultaneously with a diode array UV absorbance detector. Recoveries for PQ and DQ were determined on 3 different fortified low-moisture crops. Fortification levels ranged from 0.01 to 0.30 ppm; average recoveries ranged from 47.5% (DQ) to 95.3% (PQ).
authors.affiliation: U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Pesticides and Industrial Chemicals Research Center, Detroit, MI 48207.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Chichila
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Gilvydis
mesh_terms: D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004178:Diquat / Q000032:analysis*; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis*; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010269:Paraquat / Q000032:analysis*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D058428:Silica Gel; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
chemical_list: D058428:Silica Gel; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D004178:Diquat; D010269:Paraquat