title: A water-prompting procedure for the treatment of urinary incontinence.
abstract: Based on clinical observations of a naturally occurring phenomenon, a water-prompting procedure was used to facilitate toilet training with a 9-year-old boy with profound mental retardation. Other frequently used toilet-training procedures were either ineffective or were associated with increased self-injury. The water-prompting treatment package may increase continence by eliciting and reinforcing urination under specific stimulus conditions.
authors.affiliation: Neurobehavioral Unit, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Hagopian
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Piazza
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wierzbicki
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004495:Education of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012055:Reinforcement Schedule; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000534:rehabilitation; D014039:Toilet Training; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water