title: Utilization of a potentially universal downstream primer in the rapid identification and characterization of V lambda genes from two new human V lambda gene families.
abstract: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has increased dramatically the speed of cloning and characterizing numerous genes. However, its application to identifying and analysing new germline Ig-variable (V) gene families has been hampered by the lack of sequence information in the downstream flanking regions of the concerned V genes, which are deleted during V(D)J rearrangements. To circumvent this problem, the possibility was explored that a degenerate downstream primer may be used in conjunction with a specific upstream primer, to clone members of new V lambda gene families, as much less is known about V lambda genes than Vh and Vk genes in humans. Firstly the feasibility and the specificity of a degenerate primer was examined by comparing it with an established downstream primer in amplifying known V lambda 1 genes. The results were positive. Thus, the degenerate primer was used to clone and characterize germline V lambda genes of the recently defined V lambda 8 and V lambda 9 gene families. This current strategy may help speed up the identification and characterization of all human V lambda genes. Moreover, a similar strategy can be applied to identify and characterize rapidly new V genes of either known or unknown Ig and T-cell receptor V gene families.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0663.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deftos
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Soto-Gil
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Olee
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D017931:DNA Primers; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics*; D007146:Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D007146:Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains