title: NMR measurements of Na+ and cellular energy in ischemic rat heart: role of Na(+)-H+ exchange.
abstract: Interleaved 23Na- and 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were continuously collected on perfused rat hearts subjected to low-flow ischemia (30 min, 10% flow) or zero-flow ischemia (21 min) followed by reperfusion. During untreated low-flow and zero-flow ischemia, intracellular Na+ (Nai+) increased by 53 +/- 11 (+/- SE) and 78 +/- 8%, respectively, and remained elevated for zero-flow hearts. However, during both low- and zero-flow ischemia, Nai+ did not increase in hearts treated with the Na(+)-H+ exchange inhibitor, 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)amiloride (EIPA). The pH decreases during ischemia were unchanged. EIPA treatment reduced ATP depletion during ischemia. During reperfusion from zero-flow ischemia, EIPA-treated hearts displayed more rapid and extensive recoveries of phosphocreatine and ATP. Recovery of left ventricular developed pressure was improved for zero-flow hearts treated with EIPA during the ischemic period exclusively (104 +/- 13%) compared with untreated hearts (36 +/- 21%). These data indicate that Na(+)-H+ exchange is an important mechanism for Nai+ accumulation, but not for pH regulation, during myocardial ischemia. Additionally, Nai+ homeostasis plays an important role in the postischemic recovery of cellular energy and ventricular function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pike
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kirk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitakaze
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Madden
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Cragoe
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Pohost
mesh_terms: D000584:Amiloride / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D016276:Ventricular Function
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; D000584:Amiloride; D012964:Sodium; C039614:ethylisopropylamiloride