title: Microsatellite mutation (CAG24-->18) in the androgen receptor gene in human prostate cancer.
abstract: The androgen receptor (AR) gene contains a polymorphic CAG microsatellite that codes for a variable length of glutamine repeats in the AR protein. Microsatellite DNA sequences may be potential sites of genetic instability. Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we screened 40 human prostate cancer specimens for expansions or deletions of this microsatellite. In one patient, nontumor DNA yielded a single PCR product, as expected for the AR, but the tumor DNA yielded two discrete products, one identical to normal, and a second smaller one. Direct sequencing revealed that the nontumor tissue contained 24 CAGs, whereas the tumor contained one fragment with 24 CAGs (wild-type) and a second fragment with 18 CAGs (mutant), representing a somatic contraction of the AR CAG repeat (CAG24-->CAG18) in the tumor. Interestingly, this patient manifested a paradoxical agonistic response to hormonal therapy with the antiandrogen flutamide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Schoenberg
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hakimi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Bova
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Fischbeck
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Isaacs
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Barrack
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D004276:DNA, Satellite / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics*; D012016:Reference Values; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D017384:Sequence Deletion
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004276:DNA, Satellite; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D011944:Receptors, Androgen