title: Apomorphine and amphetamine produce differential effects on the speed and success of reaction time responding in the rat.
abstract: Apomorphine, a nonselective, direct-acting dopamine agonist, and amphetamine, a nonselective indirect-acting dopamine agonist, were compared for their effects on the reaction time response in rats. Animals were shaped to release a lever in response to an auditory/visual stimulus to avoid mild foot shock. The characteristics of the reaction time response of primary interest were percent successful avoidance and response latency. Apomorphine (0, 1, and 5 mg/kg, IP) significantly decreased successful avoidance, but had no effect on response latencies. Thus, the decrease in successful avoidance was not a direct result of longer latencies. Amphetamine (0, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg, IP) produced a different pattern of effects on the reaction time response. Successful avoidance was not affected by amphetamine treatment. However, response latencies were dose-dependently decreased in response to amphetamine. These results demonstrate that dopamine receptor stimulation by different dopamine agonists produces a different pattern of effects on the characteristics of the reaction time response. In addition, these results demonstrate that successful avoidance can be modulated independently of response latencies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Austin 78712.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Mayfield
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Randall
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Spirduso
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Wilcox
mesh_terms: D000661:Amphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001058:Apomorphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001362:Avoidance Learning; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000661:Amphetamine; D001058:Apomorphine