title: Kinematic analysis of relative motion within the proximal carpal row.
abstract: The motions of the scaphoid and triquetrum relative to the lunate have been studied on cadaver specimens. The helical axis concept was applied. The wrist motions performed were flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation. The results showed increased relative motion of the scaphoid towards terminal extension, and to a lesser amount in the case of the triquetrum, towards terminal flexion. The lunate might be considered as a keystone in the proximal carpal row when wrist stability is considered. It is doubly intercalated: longitudinally and transversely. Wrist ligaments co-ordinate the positioning of the bones in the mid-range of carpal motions, and restrict further motion in extreme positions of the wrist joint.
authors.affiliation: Chirurgie St Leonhard, Clinic for Hand and Outpatient Surgery, St Gallen, Switzerland.
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Sennwald
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zdravkovic
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Kern
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D002348:Carpal Bones / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D014953:Wrist / Q000502:physiology