title: Introduction of antisense oligonucleotides into cells by permeabilization with streptolysin O.
abstract: Cellular uptake of antisense oligonucleotides is critical to their ability to inhibit gene expression. In the present study, phosphodiester oligodeoxynucleotides were introduced into cells during brief permeabilization with the pore-forming agent streptolysin O. The extent of antisense inhibition was dependent on the concentration of oligonucleotide present during permeabilization. In addition, the level of antisense inhibition was time-dependent; it reached a maximum at 18 h and subsequently diminished to control levels over the next 48 h. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of streptolysin O permeabilization as a means for simple and rapid introduction of oligonucleotides into eukaryotic cells.
authors.affiliation: Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Gesek
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Friedman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001483:Base Sequence; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000235:genetics*; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects*; D002740:Chlorothiazide / Q000494:pharmacology; D007686:Kidney Tubules, Distal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000378:metabolism*; D013301:Streptolysins / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D015220:Calcium Channels; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D013301:Streptolysins; C025964:streptolysin O; D002740:Chlorothiazide; D002118:Calcium