title: Treatment of carotid-cavernous fistula by trans-venous anterior (trans-orbital) approach. Case report and review of previous report.
abstract: A case is reported of successful occlusion of a dural carotid-cavernous fistula (type D) by means of a transvenous anterior approach. Through the left angular vein, the distal superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) and the cavernous sinus were cannulated and three Gianturco coils were delivered close to the fistulous communications. Obliteration of the carotid-cavernous communication was achieved sparing the internal carotid artery and its branches. The major advantage of entering the sinus from the venous route is to preclude any damage to the artery, distal migration of the detachable balloon or of thrombi, intracavernous pseudoaneurysm formation. The trans-orbital approach may be considered chiefly when the openings are in the antero inferior compartment and the SOV is enlarged. Its applications, quite sporadic until now, probably will become more popular, mainly in treating D type fistulas, thanks to the good results achieved and to its safety.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Radiology (1st Chair), 2nd School of Medicine, University of Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Iaccarino
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spaziante
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bonavolontà
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cirillo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Divitiis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002342:Carotid Artery, External / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003229:Conjunctival Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed