title: The innervation of the mammalian adrenal gland.
abstract: Early conflicting reports and the lack of sensitive anatomical methods have led to an oversimplified view of adrenal gland innervation. It was not until the introduction of nerve fibre tracing techniques in the mid-1970s that the true complexity of adrenal innervation began to emerge. The first part of this article comprises a brief review of these and other relevant reports dealing with both medullary and cortical innervation. In the second part a detailed account is given of the work undertaken in Rex Coupland's Department relating to the innervation of the rodent and primate adrenal medulla using a retrograde fluorescent tracer technique. It was concluded that, in all 3 species studied, the adrenal medulla receives a sympathetic and parasympathetic efferent and an afferent innervation. The possible interrelationship between neural control of cortical and medullar secretions is discussed briefly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Morphology, University of Nottingham Medical School, UK.
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Kesse
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Afework
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D000302:Adrenal Cortex / Q000294:innervation; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000294:innervation*; D000313:Adrenal Medulla / Q000294:innervation / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000818:Animals; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000032:analysis; D002838:Chromaffin System / Q000166:cytology; D008322:Mammals / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D051379:Mice; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000166:cytology; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D051381:Rats; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000033:anatomy & histology
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase