title: MRI exploration of the intrapetrous facial nerve.
abstract: We report our experience of intrapetrous facial nerve evaluation in 33 patients examined by three-dimensional MRI (3D-FT) with intravenous gadolinium injection. The examinations were performed by a 1 Tesla magnet, using Flash and Turbo-Flash sequences which enabled us to obtain contiguous millimetric sections and to make reconstructions in all planes. Among these 33 patients, 31 had facial palsy and 2 a facial nerve lesion without clinical signs and discovered by chance. Facial palsy had started rather abruptly in 26 cases. It was either idiopathic (n = 20) or caused by herpes zoster (n = 1), injuries (n = 2), metastasis (n = 1) and tumour (n = 1); it was concomitant with a granuloma in 1 case. Five patients seen or explored late had congenital cholesteatoma (n = 2), facial nerve neurinoma (n = 2) or persistent idiopathic facial palsy (n = 1). There was no contrast enhancement in "chronic" non tumoral facial palsy. All tumours (neurinoma, neurofibroma, metastasis) were contrast-enhanced, as were the 2 cases of traumatic palsy and the case with granuloma of the labyrinth. In acute idiopathic facial palsy (n = 20), contrast enhancement was demonstrated in 11 patients; among these, recovery was complete at 2 months in 1 case and incomplete in 9 cases; 1 patient was lost sight of. In the 9 patients without contrast enhancement, recovery was complete in 7; 2 patients were lost sight of. This study shows that minute lesions of the facial nerve can be detected with millimetric MRI T1-weighted sequences and contrast enhancement. It also suggests that contrast enhancement has some prognostic value in patients with acute idiopathic facial palsy.
authors.affiliation: Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Nord, Marseille.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Girard
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poncet
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chays
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Florence
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gignac
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Magnan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Raybaud
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003287:Contrast Media; D003390:Cranial Nerve Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000473:pathology*; D005155:Facial Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005682:Gadolinium; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010579:Petrous Bone / Q000294:innervation* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium