title: Television beer advertising and drinking knowledge, beliefs, and intentions among schoolchildren.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The relationships between television beer advertising and drinking knowledge, beliefs, and intentions were investigated in a survey of schoolchildren. The research was guided by a theoretical model specifying that awareness of advertising, and not mere exposure, is necessary for it to have an effect on beliefs or behaviors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were a random sample of 468 fifth- and sixth-grade schoolchildren from a northern California community. Data were collected in the home with a combination of self-administered questionnaires and structured interviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nonrecursive statistical modeling indicated that awareness of television beer advertising was related to more favorable beliefs about drinking, to greater knowledge of beer brands and slogans, and to increased intentions to drink as an adult. The effects of advertising awareness on knowledge, beliefs, and intentions were maintained when the reciprocal effects of beliefs, knowledge, and intentions on awareness were controlled.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that alcohol advertising may predispose young people to drinking. As a result, efforts to prevent drinking and drinking problems among young people should give attention to countering the potential effects of alcohol advertising.
authors.affiliation: Prevention Research Center, Berkeley, Calif 94704.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Grube
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wallack
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000329:Advertising; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D001515:Beer; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D002666:Psychology, Child; D011897:Random Allocation; D013690:Television