title: Combined versus single effect of fosinopril and hydrochlorothiazide in hypertensive patients.
abstract: The antihypertensive effect and safety of fosinopril and hydrochlorothiazide combined were compared with each drug singly and placebo in a controlled manner. After a 4- to 5-week placebo lead-in period, 67 mild to moderate essential hypertensive patients (seated diastolic blood pressure > or = 95 and < or = 110 mm Hg) were randomized in a double-blind fashion into four parallel treatment groups: 20 mg fosinopril plus 12.5 mg hydrochlorothiazide, 20 mg fosinopril, 12.5 mg hydrochlorothiazide, and placebo during 8 weeks. Patients were seen biweekly. Sitting diastolic blood pressure was the outcome variable defining therapeutic response. The efficacy of fosinopril plus hydrochlorothiazide as a combined therapy was superior to any single drug (P < .05) and placebo (P < .01) in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension. Mean adjusted systolic/diastolic blood pressure decrements at week 8 were -18.8/-13.7, -12.9/-11.8, -8.5/-9.3, and -2.7/-6.9 mm Hg for the fosinopril plus hydrochlorothiazide, fosinopril, hydrochlorothiazide, and placebo groups, respectively. Clinical adverse events and laboratory changes documented throughout the study were similar to placebo and were mild in severity in all groups.
authors.affiliation: Clínica de Hipertensión Arterial, Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México, D.F. Mexico 01040.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Madero
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Camacho
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Villalpando
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arriaga
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D017328:Fosinopril / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide; D017328:Fosinopril