title: Transrectal ultrasonography to assess local extent of prostatic cancer before radical prostatectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) with a 7 mHz rotating probe as a staging procedure in 33 patients with localized prostatic carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ultrasound scans were compared to histopathological whole-mount step sections of the surgical specimens. Twenty-five of the patients had tumours with pathological stage T3 (pT3) and eight had tumours with stage pT2 giving a prevalence of extracapsular growth of 0.76.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for detection of extracapsular tumour growth by TRUS of prostatic cancer were found to be 0.68, 0.63, 0.85 and 0.38, respectively. Six tumours showed solely microscopic foci of extracapsular tumour growth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This technique gives a high percentage of both understaging (32%) and overstaging (37%) and therefore TRUS is an unreliable tool in the staging protocol prior to radical prostatectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Gade Institute, University of Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rørvik
authors.forename: O J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Halvorsen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Servoll
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haukaas
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014463:Ultrasonography