title: Temporal bisection in rats: the effects of high-peak-power pulsed microwave irradiation.
abstract: The effects of high-peak-power, pulsed microwaves on a time perception and discrimination task were studied in rats. Exposures were performed with the TEMPO exposure system, which produces an 80 nanosecond pulse with peak-power levels in excess of 700 megawatts. The ability to expose animals to such fields within a controlled environment is unique. As determined by calorimetry, a maximal, whole-body-averaged, specific-absorption rate of 0.072 W/kg was produced. Thus exposures were well below a recommended SAR limit of 0.4 W/kg. Power levels of transmitted microwaves were varied over a 50 dB range to obtain ascending and descending dose-response functions for each of the behavioral measures. Measures of time perception, response bias, and total trials did not change with power level. Dose-response effects were observed for discriminability (ability to distinguish between durations), session time, and trial completions (null responses, failures to respond on a trial). Covarying sound and X-ray exposures produced by TEMPO did not reliably correlate with the observed microwave effects. The observation of repeatable dose-response effects on discriminability and null responses indicates that the microwave exposures were affecting cognitive function in the rats, particularly the decision-making process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microwave Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Raslear
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akyel
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belt
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003071:Cognition / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013998:Time Perception / Q000528:radiation effects*