title: Use of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I in catabolism that is induced by negative energy balance.
abstract: Both GH and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) have been shown to promote anabolism in human volunteers that are made catabolic by caloric restriction. We have used caloric restriction as a model of controlled catabolism to test the efficacy of these agents in reversing negative nitrogen balance. Six normal volunteers underwent caloric restriction for 2-week intervals. This restriction induced negative nitrogen balance (e.g. -239 mmol/day). During the second week either IGF-I (16 micrograms/kg h) was administered by intravenous infusion for 16 h, or GH (0.05 mg/kg) was given subcutaneously daily. GH alone improved nitrogen balance by 180 mmol/day, and IGF-I improved it by 175 mmol. The two hormones had opposite effects on carbohydrate metabolism. Mean blood glucose rose approximately 26% with GH whereas it fell 37% with IGF-I and the subjects had frequent hypoglycemic episodes during the infusion. Minimal complications were observed during the 6 days of IGF-I infusion and consisted primarily of edema and jaw pain. It appeared that IGF-I was as efficacious as GH in reversing the negative nitrogen balance induced by caloric restriction and that hypoglycemia induced by IGF-I was the major limiting factor. In a second study 7 volunteers underwent the identical caloric restriction. In contrast to the first study one treatment group received the combination of GH plus IGF-I given in exactly the same doses as in the first study. A second group received IGF-I alone. The combination of GH/IGF-I was much more potent in improving nitrogen balance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Clemmons
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000378:metabolism; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000378:metabolism*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone