title: Epidural analgesia and fetal heart rate abnormalities.
abstract: Lumbar epidural analgesia is frequently associated with fetal heart rate abnormalities. Fluid preloading prior to the procedure significantly reduces the incidence of abnormal fetal heart rate patterns (p = 0.02). The mechanisms of these changes are discussed and the importance of maternal hypotension is evaluated. Fluid preloading and continuous electronic fetal monitoring should be considered routine for all women undergoing this procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatal Medicine, Royal Women's Hospital, Victoria, Melbourne.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Umstad
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Rushford
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Permezel
mesh_terms: D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D002045:Bupivacaine; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005316:Fetal Distress / Q000209:etiology*; D005323:Fetal Monitoring; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000150:complications; D007743:Labor, Obstetric / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002045:Bupivacaine