title: Naja siamensis, a cryptic species of venomous snake revealed by mtDNA sequencing.
abstract: Because of possible variation in venom composition, an understanding of venomous snake systematics is of great importance for the optimization of antivenom treatment of snakebite patients. Intraspecific variation in the morphology of many venomous snakes complicates the definition and identification of some species when allopatric populations are involved. Selectively neutral or near-neutral mtDNA sequences can reveal evolutionary relationships obscured by ecogenetically-caused morphological variation. We use comparative sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene to reveal the existence of a widespread, cryptic species of spitting cobra from southeast Asia. This species, Naja siamensis, is widely sympatric with other Asiatic cobra species. This may be of considerable medical significance, and calls for further research into venom composition in Asiatic cobras.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University College of North Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd, UK.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wüster
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Thorpe
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D017815:Elapidae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV