title: Diagnosing multiple sclerosis in childhood.
abstract: By presenting the cases of 3 children with laboratory supported definite multiple sclerosis [LSDMS] according to Poser's diagnostic criteria, we illustrate the difficulties of diagnosing MS in childhood. In search for appropriate diagnostic criteria for childhood MS, the literature on childhood MS is reviewed, and the 3 cases presented are compared with the 15 hitherto reported with the diagnosis LSDMS. Specific difficulties of diagnosing MS in childhood are discussed. They include history taking in children, the multiple differential diagnostic possibilities, and the various clinical presentations. Due to these specific difficulties in childhood MS, we conclude that a strict use of Poser's criteria is indispensable, especially in childhood MS.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurology, University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: van Lieshout
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: van Engelen
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: W O
authors.initials: WO
authors.lastname: Renier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D043025:Oligoclonal Bands; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D043025:Oligoclonal Bands