Structure and organization of the human alpha class glutathione S-transferase genes and related pseudogenes.
We have isolated and characterized genomic DNA encoding several human Alpha class glutathione S-transferase genes and pseudogenes. All the genes are composed of seven exons with boundaries identical to those of the Alpha class genes in rats. The GSTA1 gene is approximately 12 kb in length and is closely flanked by other Alpha class gene sequences. The complete sequence of the 1.7-kb intergenic region between exon 7 of an upstream pseudogene and exon 1 of the GSTA1 gene has been determined. An additional gene that encodes an uncharacterized Alpha class glutathione S-transferase has been identified. The protein derived from this gene would have 19 amino acid substitutions compared with the GSTA1 isoenzyme. Several pseudogenes with single-base and/or complete exon deletions have been identified, but no reverse-transcribed pseudogenes have been detected. The occurrence of multiple genes and pseudogenes on a single fragment of cloned genomic DNA and the prior identification of a single chromosomal region (6p12) of hybridization (Board and Webb, 1987, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:2377-2381) suggest that all the Alpha class genes are members of a closely linked gene family that has evolved by duplication and gene conversion events.
Suzuki
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T
Molecular Genetics Group, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra.
Johnston
P N
PN
Board
P G
PG
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D003360:Cosmids; D017931:DNA Primers; D005091:Exons; D005796:Genes; D015698:Genomic Library; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D015186:Hominidae / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D011544:Pseudogenes; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
D017931:DNA Primers; D007527:Isoenzymes; D005982:Glutathione Transferase