title: RAS function and protein kinase cascades.
abstract: This paper reviews recent progress in understanding the function of RAS in three systems: the budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), the fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) and Xenopus laevis oocytes. One of the functions of RAS in S. cerevisiae is the stimulation of adenylate cyclase. This leads to the activation of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases--a function that has probably not been conserved in evolution. The immediate function of RAS in S. pombe is not known, but it may lead to the activation of a protein kinase cascade. This cascade has likely been conserved in evolution and linkage between it and RAS can be demonstrated in cell-free extracts from Xenopus oocytes. The Xenopus cell-free system provides a means to test specific hypotheses about RAS function and to isolate targets of RAS.
authors.affiliation: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY 11724.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wigler
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ballester
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawamukai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polverino
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000502:physiology; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000502:physiology; D014982:Xenopus laevis; D018631:ras Proteins
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; D018631:ras Proteins; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases