Action of insulin on glucose metabolism in vivo.
Insulin plays a key role in the maintenance of normal glucose tolerance by suppressing endogenous glucose production during a meal. Insulin is not, however, involved in the regulation of splanchnic glucose uptake. The latter process appears, based on studies performed in dogs, to be regulated primarily by the arterial-portal glucose gradient and to a smaller extent by glucose mass-action. Regarding peripheral glucose utilization, insulin is not needed to maintain a normal rate of glucose utilization since this can also be achieved by hyperglycaemia and glucose mass-action. Insulin is, however, necessary for the maintenance of normal rates of glucose oxidation and storage in insulin-sensitive tissues, and for the prevention of excessive gluconeogenic substrate production.
Yki-Järvinen
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D000818:Animals; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D004285:Dogs; D005943:Gluconeogenesis; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D014781:Viscera / Q000378:metabolism
D007328:Insulin; D006003:Glycogen; D005947:Glucose