title: Effects of naturally occurring flavonoids on mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and mixed lymphocyte culture.
abstract: In this investigation, 34 structurally different flavonoids including derivatives of chalcone, flavanone, flavan-3-ol, flavone, flavonol, and their glycosides were evaluated for in vitro suppression of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and mixed lymphocyte culture from mouse spleen. Flavonoids, mainly derivatives of flavone and flavonol, clearly demonstrated the suppressive effects on lymphocyte proliferation at higher than 10(-6) M depending on the structures of flavonoid molecules, although their suppressive activities were less than that of cyclosporin A or prednisolone. Various glycosidic substitutions to A- and/or C-ring of the flavonoid aglycones were found to eliminate the suppressive activities of their aglycones, regardless of sugar compositions and positions of substitutions. In concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte proliferation, derivatives of flavone and flavonol having 2,3-unsaturation and at least 1 hydroxyl group showed the suppressive activity. In lipopolysaccharide-induced lymphocyte proliferation, only myricetin was active among flavonoids tested at the concentrations up to 10(-5) M. In mixed lymphocyte culture, some derivatives of flavone and flavonol with 2,3-unsaturation were active and especially flavone derivatives showed the higher suppressive activities than those of the flavonol derivatives.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Kangweon National Univ., Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Namgoong
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006027:Glycosides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008934:Mitogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D006027:Glycosides; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008934:Mitogens; D003208:Concanavalin A