Frequency and natural history of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). A prospective study in a Swedish city 1986-1990.
Frequency and natural history of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) were prospectively studied in 142 preterm infants with birth weight (BW) less than 1501 g and/or gestational age (GA) below 33 weeks, who were born in Malmö 1986-1990. ROP developed in 27 (19%) of the 142 infants. The frequency of the ROP was significantly higher in infants with BW < or = 1000 g (54%) and in those with GA < or = 28 weeks (40%) than above these values. Infants with ROP had, compared with those without ROP, significantly lower BW, lower GA, lower Apgar score at 1 and 5 min, longer period of oxygen-therapy and higher frequency of neonatal complications. Five infants with stage 3 ROP were treated with cryotherapy; four with moderate changes showed good regression, the fifth with a severe stage 3 progressed and became blind. Up to 5 years follow-up revealed a significantly higher frequency of strabismus (40% vs 8%), myopia (25% vs 4%), and amblyopia (33% vs 6%) in infants with ROP than in those without ROP. Astigmatism and anisometropia were also frequent in children with ROP.
Maly
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Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lund, Malmö General Hospital, Sweden.
D002675:Child, Preschool; D003452:Cryosurgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008297:Male; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000209:etiology; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology