title: The volitional nature of the simplest reflex.
abstract: Recent studies suggest that none of the behaviors of the vertebrate CNS are fixed responses incapable of change. Even the simplest reflex of all, the two-neuron, monosynaptic spinal stretch reflex (SSR), undergoes adaptive change under appropriate circumstances. Operantly conditioned SSR change occurs gradually over days and weeks and is associated with a complex pattern of CNS plasticity at both spinal and supraspinal sites.
authors.affiliation: Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and Research, New York State Department of Health, Albany.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Wolpaw
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Carp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology*