title: Advanced ovarian cancer. Tumour markers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a need to discover new tumour markers for ovarian carcinoma as well to delineate how the best currently available marker, CA 125 should be used.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review examines the potential of growth factors and cytokines such as M-CSF, IL-6 and IL-10 as tumour markers as well as the over expression of oncogenes such as HER-2/neu in ovarian cancer. The major part of this review critically examines the uses of serum CA 125.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Precise definitions for progression of ovarian carcinoma during treatment and on follow up were produced from studying a group of 71 and tested in a separate group of 164 women with ovarian carcinoma. They were found to predict progression with a false positive rate of only 8%. Definitions for response according to CA 125 are proposed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CA 125 remains the best tumour marker for ovarian carcinoma. It is not sensitive enough for screening and lack of specificity reduces its diagnostic accuracy. It's main role is in monitoring response to therapy and detecting tumour recurrence early and more reliably than by other methods.
authors.affiliation: Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Rustin
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: van der Burg
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Berek
mesh_terms: D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate / Q000097:blood; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines; D005260:Female; D006133:Growth Substances; D006801:Humans; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D016207:Cytokines; D006133:Growth Substances