title: Iontophoretic transport through porous membranes using scanning electrochemical microscopy: application to in vitro studies of ion fluxes through skin.
abstract: Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is used to map localized iontophoretic fluxes of electroactive species through porous membranes. A method is described that allows both the rate of transport of species from a microscopic pore and the pore's diameter to be measured. SECM images and analyses of synthetic porous membranes (track-etched polycarbonate and mica membranes) and hairless mouse skin are reported. Preliminary analysis of SECM images of the mouse skin indicates that a significant percentage of the iontophoretic flux occurs through pores associated with hair follicles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Phipps
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D004058:Diffusion; D005292:Ferricyanides / Q000378:metabolism*; D007478:Iontophoresis; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement / Q000737:chemistry; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D005292:Ferricyanides; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; C007931:hexacyanoferrate III; C005506:polycarbonate; C011934:mica