title: Post-extubation atelectasis in ventilated newborn infants.
abstract: Post-extubation atelectasis (PEA) constitutes the commonest cause of lung collapse in ventilated neonates. The clinical and radiological features of 47 ventilated infants who developed PEA within 24 h of extubation are reported. Three main radiographic patterns of atelectasis were identified: (1) transient unilobar collapse resolving within 12 h of extubation (19 cases), (2) multilobar atelectasis developing over a 48-h period (18 cases), and (3) progressive atelectasis resulting in complete collapse of a whole lung. A similar number of ventilated infants without PEA served as controls. We found a significant association between the incidence of PEA and multiple intubation (P < 0.02), presence of patent ductus arteriosus (P < 0.001) and neonatal sepsis (P < 0.05). Prophylactic physiotherapy is recommended for ventilated infants, particularly those with the above risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, State of Qatar.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Odita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kayyali
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ammari
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007239:Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D001261:Pulmonary Atelectasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011859:Radiography; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors