title: 2-deoxyglucose enhances 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced ATP loss in the mouse brain.
abstract: The effects of 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG), an inhibitor of the uptake and use of glucose, on ATP loss caused by the neurotoxicant 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) were determined in the mouse brain. 2-DG alone had no effect on brain ATP levels, but when administered 30 min before MPTP exposure, 2-DG significantly enhanced MPTP-induced ATP reduction. This was reflected as an increase in ATP loss in the striatum (from 15 to 27%) as well as a significant decrease in ATP in the cerebellar cortex, an area of the brain that was not affected after exposure to MPTP alone. In mice pretreated with 2-DG, striatal ATP levels remained significantly decreased for > 8 h after MPTP administration. In contrast, ATP levels in the cerebellar cortex returned to normal values within 4 h from MPTP exposure. Mazindol, a catecholamine uptake blocker, completely protected against MPTP-induced loss of striatal ATP in the absence of 2-DG, but it only partially prevented striatal ATP decrease after administration of both 2-DG and MPTP; mazindol was also ineffective in protecting against ATP loss caused by 2-DG and MPTP in the cerebellar cortex. 2-DG/MPTP-induced ATP loss appeared to be associated with the presence of the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) metabolite because (1) the pattern of ATP recovery in the striatum and cerebellar cortex appeared to reflect the pattern of MPP+ clearance from these areas of the brain (i.e., significant MPP+ levels persisted longer in the striatum than in the cerebellar cortex), and (2) ATP decrease was completely prevented by blocking the conversion of MPTP to MPP+ with the monoamine oxidase B inhibitor deprenyl.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: California Parkinson's Foundation, San Jose.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Langston
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Irwin
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: DeLanney
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Di Monte
mesh_terms: D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002525:Cerebellar Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D008297:Male; D008454:Mazindol / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; C014677:1-methylpyridinium; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D003847:Deoxyglucose; D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; D008454:Mazindol