title: The antiarrhythmic effect of ischaemic preconditioning in isolated rat heart involves a pertussis toxin sensitive mechanism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims were to examine the effect of pretreatment with Bordetella pertussis toxin on the antiarrhythmic effect of ischaemic preconditioning in order to determine the possible involvement of inhibitory G proteins in this phenomenon; and (2) to characterise the model used by varying the duration of a single preconditioning occlusion of the left coronary artery, the reperfusion time, and the duration of the subsequent prolonged coronary artery occlusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isolated rat hearts perfused with Krebs Henseleit solution at constant flow (8-10 ml.min-1) were subjected to a single preconditioning occlusion of the left coronary artery (either 1 or 3 min) followed, up to 60 min later, by a prolonged occlusion of 30 or 60 min (n = 56). The ventricular arrhythmias during occlusion were compared to those from control rats in which the artery was occluded for 30 or 60 min but without preconditioning (n = 29 and 14 respectively).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Protection against ventricular arrhythmias was most pronounced when a 3 min preconditioning occlusion was used followed by a 10 min reperfusion period: reduction in ventricular premature beats (VPB) during the 30 min occlusion from 514(SEM 119) in control hearts to 79(29) in preconditioned hearts (p < 0.01). This protection was still apparent when the reperfusion time was extended to 30 min [VPB 52(16); p < 0.01] but lost when reperfusion was extended to 1 h. Rendering Gi proteins non-functional (ascertained by responses to acetylcholine) resulted in loss of this antiarrhythmic effect of preconditioning [VPB 241(93) v 226(120) for non-preconditioned hearts].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The antiarrhythmic effects of preconditioning can be demonstrated in isolated rat hearts perfused at constant flow with an artificial medium and this protection is lost following treatment with Bordetella pertussis toxin 48 h previously.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Strathclyde, Royal College, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Piacentini
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wainwright
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Parratt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins