title: [Continuous thoracic epidural blockade in combination with general anesthesia with nitrous oxide, oxygen, and sevoflurane in two patients with myasthenia gravis].
abstract: Continuous thoracic epidural anesthesia (T4/5) using 4-5 ml.h-1 of 1.5% lidocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine and inhaled anesthesia using nitrous oxide, oxygen and sevoflurane were performed in two patients, (40 and 22 yr-old females) with myasthenia gravis. This combined anesthetic technique provided muscle relaxation for endotracheal intubation and optimal operating conditions, including muscle relaxation and stability of hemodynamics during transsternal thymectomy. Further, continuous epidural anesthesia using 4 ml.h-1 of 0.25% bupivacaine provided postoperative pain relief without other analgesics and stable postoperative respiratory conditions. In conclusion, we confirm the benefits of this technique which provides not only safe and stable conditions during the surgery, but also an improved comfort for patients in the postoperative period following transsternal thymectomy for myasthenia gravis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Sapporo Medical College.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawamata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyabe
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakae
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sonoda
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujimura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sumita
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Namiki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D000777:Anesthetics; D004987:Ethers; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000601:surgery*; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D010100:Oxygen; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D013934:Thymectomy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D004987:Ethers; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D008012:Lidocaine; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D010100:Oxygen