title: Measured versus estimated creatinine clearance in a high-functioning elderly sample: MacArthur Foundation Study of Successful Aging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the validity of several equations for estimating creatinine clearance in a large sample of high-functioning, community-dwelling elderly.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum and 12-hour urine samples were collected and assayed for creatinine using the Jaffe total chromagen method. Fifteen clearance-estimating equations were evaluated for bias, accuracy, correlation with measured clearance values, and frequency of erroneous placement into renal function categories. Stepwise regression modeling and reliability testing were performed on a split sample to construct and assess a novel creatinine-clearance-estimating equation.
  
  
  METHODS
  New Haven, Connecticut, East Boston, Massachusetts, and a five-county region in and around Durham, North Carolina.
  
  
  METHODS
  A subsample of community-dwelling men and women (age range 70-79 years) from the Established Populations for Epidemiological Studies of the Elderly was screened for physical and cognitive functioning and placed into high-, medium-, and low-functioning groups (n = 1354). High-functioning respondents who provided blood and complete urine samples (n = 762) were included in the present study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In general, estimated creatinine clearance was more closely correlated to measured values in males than in females. Most equations underestimated creatinine clearance, with average bias ranging from -33.1 mL/min to +19.6 mL/min. Predictive accuracy ranged from 18.2 mL/min to 38.0 mL/min. Equations were variable in their erroneous placement of individuals into renal function categories. Regression modeling yielded an equation which contained novel components but failed to provide better estimates of creatinine clearance than those already available.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The equations evaluated here provide unacceptable predictions of creatinine clearance in normally aging individuals. We advocate the use of serum drug concentration measurements when available and encourage investigation into timed urine collections of short duration as alternatives to clearance-estimating equations in the elderly.
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Malmrose
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Pieper
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Blazer
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Seeman
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Albert
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine