Effect of porcine somatotropin on the response of growing pigs to acute challenges of glucose, insulin and epinephrine and during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp.
Response of tissues to homeostatic signals may play a role in the mediation of nutrient partitioning effects of somatotropin. To investigate this, the effects of exogenous porcine somatotropin (pST) on the metabolic responses to a series of intravenous challenges with dextrose, insulin and epinephrine were examined in twelve crossbred barrows (65 kg). In addition, the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique was used to further explore effects of pST on insulin resistance in eight of these animals. Pigs received daily sc injections of either pituitary-derived pST (120 micrograms/kg bw) or an equivalent volume of excipient for 28 d. Treatment with pST resulted in a chronic elevation of plasma glucose, insulin and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations and lowered glucagon concentrations. Acute iv challenges of dextrose (100 mg/kg bw), insulin (1.0 micrograms/kg bw), and epinephrine (2.2 micrograms/kg bw) were administered on days 21, 22, and 23 of the treatment period, respectively. Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps were carried out on day 28. Effects of pST were most dramatic for responses associated with insulin. In pST-treated pigs, insulin response to dextrose infusion was enhanced, while glucose response to insulin was attenuated and glucose clearance rate was reduced. During the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, dextrose infusion rate required to maintain euglycemia during physiologic elevations of insulin was reduced in pST-treated pigs to 28% of control. In pST-treated pigs, glucose response to epinephrine challenge was halved, while insulin response was increased three-fold. Therefore, one mechanism by which pST shifts the nutrient partition is by altering metabolic responses to homeostatic signals. In growing pigs, this is especially evident for glucose response to insulin.
Wray-Cahen
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Department of Animal Science Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
Boyd
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Bauman
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Ross
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D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique / Q000662:veterinary; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous / Q000662:veterinary; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D013552:Swine / Q000097:blood / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D013006:Growth Hormone; D005934:Glucagon; D005947:Glucose; D004837:Epinephrine