title: The influence of formalin, benzocaine and hyposalinity on the fecundity and viability of Polylabroides multispinosus (Monogenea: Microcotylidae) parasitic on the gills of Acanthopagrus australis (Pisces: Sparidae).
abstract: Adult Polylabroides multispinosus exposed in vivo to formalin (200 p.p.m. in sea water, 30 min) deposited a similar number of eggs in 24 h in vitro as did control parasites (sea water, 35 parts per thousand, p.p.t., salinity) and worms exposed in vivo to benzocaine (40 p.p.m. in sea water, 10 min). Worms laid more eggs at 30 p.p.t. salinity in vitro than at 20, 35, 10 and 5 p.p.t. salinity (in decreasing order). Formalin (200 p.p.m., 30 min) decreased the viability of recently laid eggs, the survival of oncomiracidia, removed 70% of juvenile and adult worms from the gills, but decreased only slightly the viability of eggs exposed in utero or after eyespots developed in vitro. Salinities below 30 p.p.t. reduced viability as did an increase in temperature from 24 to 28 degrees C. All adult and juvenile worms were removed by baths in formalin (400 p.p.m., 25 min) or fresh water (1 h).
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Diggles
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Roubal
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lester
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001566:Benzocaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007038:Hypotonic Solutions; D010473:Perciformes / Q000469:parasitology*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014200:Trematoda / Q000187:drug effects*; D014201:Trematode Infections / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D007038:Hypotonic Solutions; D005557:Formaldehyde; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D001566:Benzocaine