title: [Up-to-date of spinal anesthesia].
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Nippon Medical School.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
mesh_terms: D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D001099:Arachnoid / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006801:Humans; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011674:Pulse