title: Impact of axillary lymph node dissection on the therapy of breast cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied a series of 283 breast cancer patients retrospectively to determine the actual benefits of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of 283 women with invasive breast cancer treated between 1988 and 1990 were reviewed for histologic status of the axillary lymph nodes, tumor size, DNA content, hormone-receptor values, and actual adjuvant treatments received.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ALND was of possible therapeutic benefit for the 15% (43 of 283) of patients who had clinically positive nodes. Nodal metastases were found in 86% (37 of 43) of patients in this subgroup. ALND alone determined the indication for standard adjuvant therapy for a group of 31% (88 of 283) of patients who had favorable primary biopsy findings and clinically negative axillary nodes; ALND proved that 13% (11 of 88) of these latter patients had positive nodes. For 54% (152 of 283) of patients who had clinically negative nodes and unfavorable biopsies, ALND played no role in the decision as to whether standard adjuvant therapy was indicated. Only 5% (seven of 152) and 3% (four of 152) of these latter patients received radiation therapy and/or high-dose adjuvant chemotherapy, respectively, because of ALND.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The benefits of ALND vary greatly for different groups of breast cancer patients, and controlled studies may be needed to determine whether ALND is necessary for all breast cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Allison
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wainstock
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Dooley
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001365:Axilla; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012189:Retrospective Studies