title: Clinical profile of Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: In the 9-year period between 1982 and 1991, 137 patients attending a medical clinic of Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, were diagnosed as having systemic lupus erythematosus according to the American Rheumatism Association's criteria for classification. The female-to-male ratio was 16 to 1. Commonly the onset age was between 20 and 40. Malar rash (70%), arthritis (70.8%) and nephropathy (69.3%) were the most common manifestations. Anti-nuclear factor was invariably positive, whereas anti-extractable nuclear antigen antibodies were positive in varying degrees--Sm 12.7%, nRNP 28.8%, Ro 60.2%, La 8.4%. There were 22 deaths during the follow-up period, two-thirds from active diseases. Gastro-intestinal bleeding and opportunistic infection were common complications.
authors.affiliation: Medical A Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000032:analysis; D001168:Arthritis / Q000473:pathology; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear