title: Sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of ceftibuten reduce adherence of Escherichia coli to human cells and induces formation of long filaments.
abstract: The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of an antibiotic are present for only a certain period of time, after which they become sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). These sub-MICs are still active because they can interfere with the mechanism of bacterial adhesion, which is the first step in the sequence of events leading to infection. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of sub-MICs of ceftibuten, a new third-generation cephalosporin, on the adhesion of Escherichia coli (E. coli) to human buccal cells. The degree of inhibition was maximal at 1/2 MIC and then gradually returned toward to the control values at 1/128 the MIC. The differences were statistically significant from 1/2 to 1/32 MIC. Since the MIC was 0.5 micrograms/ml, concentrations from 0.25 to 0.015 micrograms/ml significantly reduce bacterial adhesion. Ceftibuten also caused marked elongation of E. coli. These findings could help to explain the efficacy showed by ceftibuten in the treatment of respiratory and urinary tract infections when administered once daily.
authors.affiliation: Center for Respiratory Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Braga
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Piatti
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077722:Ceftibuten; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; D000077722:Ceftibuten