title: Measurement of peritoneal fluid handling in children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis using autologous hemoglobin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous measurements of peritoneal fluid handling in children treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) were performed with human albumin as a fluid marker. A major disadvantage of this substance is that endogenous patient albumin enters the peritoneal cavity during the dwell period. For this reason peritoneal fluid kinetics were measured in a group of children on CAPD, using autologous hemoglobin as a volume marker.
  
  
  METHODS
  Autologous hemoglobin was added to dialysate containing 1.36% glucose as a volume marker. Marker clearance (MC), which is presently the best available approximation of lymphatic absorption in the clinical setting, and transcapillary ultrafiltration (TCUF) were measured during a 4-hour dwell.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children on CAPD (N = 9), with a median age of 8.1 years (range 2.1-3.2 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  MC was 521 +/- 166 mL/4 hour/1.73 m2, which is high compared to the literature data on adult CAPD patients. TCUF was 519 +/- 92 mL/4 hour/1.73 m2, which is similar to data concerning adult patients. TCUF reached no maximum during the 4-hour dwell, and the deviation of the TCUF curve from linear was markedly less than usually seen in adult patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MC in children treated with CAPD is higher when compared to the literature data on adults. Difficulties to achieve sufficient ultrafiltration in children could be caused by relatively small differences between MC and TCUF from the beginning to the end of the dwell.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Sint Radboud University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Reddingius
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Willems
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: van den Brandt
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Koomen
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Krediet
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Monnens
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002712:Chlorides / Q000032:analysis; D015314:Dialysis Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008208:Lymphatic System / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000379:methods; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000378:metabolism*; D012964:Sodium / Q000032:analysis; D014462:Ultrafiltration
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002712:Chlorides; D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D006454:Hemoglobins; D012964:Sodium; D005947:Glucose