title: Is Tolosa-Hunt syndrome a limited form of Wegener's granulomatosis? Report of two cases with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies.
abstract: Two patients with recurrent painful ophthalmoplegia due to granulomatous involvement of the intracavernous sinus (Tolosa-Hunt syndrome) had circulating anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies with a granular cytoplasmic immunofluorescence pattern during a flare-up of the disease. The presence of these antibodies suggests that Tolosa-Hunt syndrome might be regarded as a localized form of Wegener's granulomatosis.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Patologia Medica, IRCCS S. Matteo University Hospital, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Montecucco
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Caporali
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pacchetti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Turla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019268:Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D014890:Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009886:Ophthalmoplegia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D019268:Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; D001323:Autoantibodies