title: Epidemiological aspects of kala-azar in Meshkin-Shahr, Iran: human infection.
abstract: During the last decade, kala-azar, which used to be a sporadic disease, became endemic in parts of East-Azerbaijan province in north-west Iran. Many of the 1051 cases observed between 1985 and 1990 were in the district of Meshkin-Shahr (800 cases). The diagnosis was based on symptoms and signs of the disease plus a positive serological test (indirect immunofluorescence assay or direct agglutination test) and, in some cases, the finding of parasites in bone marrow smears. About 90% of the cases were children under 5 years of age. The disease incidence in 1990 was almost ten times that in 1985. New cases are diagnosed throughout the year, but mostly from January till April. Cases were treated with meglumine antimoniate with very satisfactory results; deaths were few among the treated children.
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Ward, District Hospital, Meshkin-Shahr, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soleimanzadeh
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Edrissian
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Movahhed-Danesh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nadim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000372:Agglutination Tests; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000639:trends; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001856:Bone Marrow Examination; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011159:Population Surveillance
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D008536:Meglumine; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate