title: Monoclonal antibodies to endotoxin in the management of sepsis.
abstract: New monoclonal antibodies directed against the lipid A moiety of the endotoxin present in gram-negative bacteria have been developed to improve the clinical outcome in patients with sepsis. Two studies of monoclonal antibodies HA-1A and E5 retrospectively identified specific patient subgroups showing benefit with therapy. I analyze and summarize the new sepsis nomenclature, the structure of endotoxin, the data implicating endotoxin as a causative agent in septic patients' morbidity and mortality, and specific data from the 2 clinical studies of monoclonal antibody therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco.
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000276:immunology*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D014115:Toxemia / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D004731:Endotoxins; C071470:edobacomab; C068069:nebacumab