Beta-cell function in relation to islet cell antibodies during the first 3 yr after clinical diagnosis of diabetes in type II diabetic patients.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the effects of islet cell antibodies on beta-cell function during the first 3 yr after diagnosis in type II diabetic patients.


METHODS
beta-cell function in type II diabetic patients with (n = 11, 50 +/- 5 yr of age) and without (n = 10, 52 +/- 4 yr of age) ICA was followed prospectively and compared with beta-cell function in type I adult diabetic patients (n = 17, 37 +/- 5 yr of age) and in healthy control subjects (n = 34, age 45 +/- 3 yr). beta-cell function was evaluated as fasting C-peptide, 1 + 3 min C-peptide after intravenous glucose, and delta C-peptide after glucagon.


RESULTS
Fasting C-peptide was equal in type II diabetic patients with ICA (0.30 +/- 0.03 nM) and type I diabetic patients (0.24 +/- 0.03 nM) at diagnosis, and decreased (P < 0.05) during 3 yr in these groups but not in type II diabetic patients without ICA. At diagnosis, type II diabetic patients with ICA showed a 1 + 3 min C-peptide (0.92 +/- 0.17 nM) lower (P < 0.001) than control subjects but higher (P < 0.05) than type I diabetic patients (0.53 +/- 0.11 nM). After 1 yr, 1 + 3 min C-peptide in type II diabetic patients with ICA had decreased (P < 0.05) to 0.18 +/- 0.11 nM and was equal to type I diabetic patients (0.38 +/- 0.10 nM). delta C-peptide after glucagon was equally impaired in type II diabetic patients with ICA (0.38 +/- 0.06 nM) and type I diabetic patients (0.35 +/- 0.11 nM) at diagnosis. After 3 yr, type II diabetic patients with ICA had fasting C-peptide of 0.09 +/- 0.04 nM, 1 + 3 min C-peptide of 0.18 +/- 0.10 nM, and delta C-peptide after glucagon of 0.20 +/- 0.09 nM, values equal to type I diabetic patients but lower (P < 0.01) than in type II diabetic patients without ICA, whose values remained unchanged; fasting C-peptide of 0.97 +/- 0.17 nM, 1 + 3 min C-peptide of 2.31 +/- 0.50 nM, and delta C-peptide after glucagon of 1.76 +/- 0.28 nM.


CONCLUSIONS
In patients considered type II diabetic with ICA, beta-cell function progressively decreased after diagnosis, and after 3 yr was similar to type I diabetic patients, whereas beta-cell function in type II diabetic patients without ICA was unchanged.
Gottsäter
A
A
Department of Medicine, University of Lund, Malmö General Hospital, Sweden.
Landin-Olsson
M
M
Fernlund
P
P
Lernmark
A
A
Sundkvist
G
G
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005215:Fasting; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005934:Glucagon; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D013997:Time Factors
D001323:Autoantibodies; D002096:C-Peptide; D005934:Glucagon; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin; C024211:islet cell antibody