title: Renal sonography is not a reliable screening examination for vesicoureteral reflux.
abstract: A retrospective analysis of 493 infants and children was performed to determine the reliability of renal sonography for identifying vesicoureteral reflux. Sonography was done in all cases within 8 hours of a voiding cystourethrogram. Vesicoureteral reflux was documented in 272 of 986 kidneys on voiding cystourethrography and there were 201 refluxing kidneys with normal ultrasound (25 with grade I reflux, 119 with grade II, 50 with grade III, 6 with grade IV and 1 with grade V). In 71 of the refluxing kidneys the ultrasound was abnormal due to pelvicaliceal dilatation in 45, a duplication anomaly in 6 and renal fossae abnormality in 20. Of the kidneys with vesicoureteral reflux 74% were sonographically normal. Sonography was not sufficiently sensitive or specific for detecting vesicoureteral reflux, since 28% of the missed refluxing kidneys had grade III or higher reflux.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology (Section of Pediatric Radiology), C. S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan Hospitals, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Blane
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: DiPietro
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zerin
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Sedman
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bloom
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*