title: Detection of enterobacterial lipopolysaccharides and experimental endotoxemia by means of an immunolimulus assay using both serotype-specific and cross-reactive antibodies.
abstract: The immunolimulus (IML) assay system uses solid-phase endotoxin antibodies to capture lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is then quantified by a modification of the chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate (CLAL) method. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reactive with selected O antigen serotypes of Escherichia coli (O18) and Salmonella typhimurium (O9, 12), when used in the IML, were shown to be highly specific in detecting their respective endotoxins in purified form and in plasma samples from experimentally infected animals. A murine MAb that was broadly cross-reactive with E. coli, Salmonella, and Shigella endotoxins also proved to be highly effective in the IML assay for capturing LPS molecules from both E. coli and S. typhimurium strains. These results indicate that IML assays can detect smooth-type enterobacterial endotoxins in plasma and suggest that such assays have potential for use in the rapid diagnosis of sepsis and endotoxemia caused by different enterobacterial species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9048.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saxen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vuopio-Varkila
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lindberg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Padova
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cryz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mertsola
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: McCracken
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Hansen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000097:blood*; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008033:Limulus Test; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000032:analysis*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012703:Serotyping; D014115:Toxemia / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D004731:Endotoxins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides