title: Use of oral typhoid vaccine strain Ty21a in a New York state travel immunization facility.
abstract: One hundred fifty-seven travelers who received the new oral typhoid vaccine strain Ty21a between April 1990 and February 1992 were surveyed by questionnaire to assess compliance and toxicity. The four-dose vaccine should be taken every other day before meals, and kept refrigerated between doses. Noncompliance with one or more of these instructions was seen in approximately 30% of travelers. Thirty-four (21.6%) took one or more doses after meals, 13 (8.3%) did not take all four doses, 10 (6.4%) failed to take the dose every other day, and five (3.2%) did not keep the vaccine refrigerated. The vaccine was well-tolerated and only 14 (8.9%) had one or more minor side effects. Of 59 (38%) who had received injectable typhoid vaccine previously, all preferred oral versus injectable vaccine, and reported moderate-to-severe side effects with the injectable form. Until a single-dose, oral typhoid vaccine is available, Ty21a is an attractive option. To achieve maximum efficacy, the importance of compliance should be emphasized.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Barr
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hilton
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004356:Drug Storage; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009518:New York; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012034:Refrigeration; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014195:Travel; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014436:Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D014436:Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines