title: Subzonal insemination: a prospective randomized study in patients with abnormal sperm morphology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate in a prospective randomized study the outcome of subzonal insemination (SUZI) in patients with male subfertility.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a period of 7 months, 48 patients underwent IVF treatment for male subfertility reasons. Normal insemination and SUZI were performed on sibling oocytes. Patients were divided into three groups depending on the sperm morphology (strict criteria): group 1, 10% to 14%; group 2, 5% to 10%; group 3, 0% to 5%.
  
  
  METHODS
  Private fertility center in Leuven, Belgium.
  
  
  METHODS
  The fertilization rates, cleavage rates, implantation rates, and pregnancy rates between the normally inseminated and the SUZI-treated group were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fertilization rate with SUZI was significantly higher (32%) than after normal insemination (7%). The difference was striking in groups 2 and 3 (35% and 33% versus 11% and 4%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that SUZI increases the fertility outcome in patients with male subfertility and that there is a marked difference in fertilization rate when morphology, using strict criteria, is < 10%.
authors.affiliation: Medical Center for Fertility Diagnostics, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gordts
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vercruyssen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roziers
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Campo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Swinnen
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D007317:Insemination, Artificial, Homologous / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013076:Sperm Count; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D015044:Zona Pellucida