Post-antibiotic effects in experimental infection models: relationship to in-vitro phenomena and to treatment of infections in man.
Persistent suppression of bacterial growth, called the post-antibiotic effect (PAE), has been studied in six different animal infection models. Prolonged in-vivo PAEs are observed for all antimicrobials with staphylococci and for imipenem and inhibitors of protein and nucleic acid synthesis with streptococci and Gram-negative bacilli. Penicillins and cephalosporins produce short or no in-vivo PAEs with these latter organisms. The presence of neutrophils prolongs the in-vivo PAEs found with aminoglycosides and quinolones. Simulation of human pharmacokinetics also enhances the duration of in-vivo PAE for aminoglycosides. In-vivo PAEs tend to be longer than those observed in vitro. The in-vitro PAE for penicillin with streptococci has been observed in vivo in only one of four experimental infection models. The presence of a prolonged in-vivo PAE can allow wider dosing intervals. The primary clinical application of the in-vivo PAE has been with once-daily dosing of aminoglycosides.
Craig
W A
WA
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents