title: Identification of cis-acting regulatory elements controlling interleukin-4 gene expression in T cells: roles for NF-Y and NF-ATc.
abstract: Activity of the murine interleukin-4 (IL-4) promoter was localized to several cis-acting elements present within the first 300 bp from the transcriptional initiation site. Five repeated elements, P0 to P4, that share the common consensus ATTTTCCNNT were located between -40 and -250, and each was shown to interact with the T-cell-specific factor NF(P). These distinct P sites appear functionally interchangeable and cooperatively confer cyclosporin A-sensitive and ionomycin-inducible promoter activity. NF(P) may be closely related to the cytoplasmic component of NF-AT (nuclear factor of activated T cells), a T-cell-specific factor essential for IL-2 gene transcription, as judged from indistinguishable molecular weights and protease fragmentation patterns of UV-photolabeled factors. Also, we identified an element in the IL-4 promoter with homology to the Y box common to all major histocompatibility complex class II gene promoters. Our data show that the IL-4 promoter Y box -114CTGATTGG-107 significantly enhances overall promoter activity, since point mutations within this element diminish promoter activity by 85%. The factor binding this region is indistinguishable from the cloned nuclear factor NF-Y, as judged from interactions with specific anti-NF-Y monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Last, we point out the presence of two sites that share sequence identity to the OAP region of the ARRE-1 site within the IL-2 promoter (K. S. Ullman, W. M. Flanagan, C. A. Edwards, and G. R. Crabtree, Science 254:558-562, 1991). These regions, -85GTGTAATA-78 and -245GTGTAATT-238, reside adjacent to the NF(P) binding sites P1 and P4 and bind a distinct nuclear factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Szabo
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Gold
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; D015847:Interleukin-4