title: Treatment of early-morning hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetics with amorphous zinc insulin (Semilente) at bedtime.
abstract: Fasting hyperglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) treated according to the basal-bolus principle may be due to the fact that currently available neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin preparations do not sufficiently meet the increased insulin need in the second part of the night. In the present study, it was investigated whether the amorphous zinc insulin Semilente can be used to control fasting hyperglycemia in IDDM patients. Ten type 1 diabetic patients with persistent fasting hyperglycemia (> 10 mmol/l) participated in the double-blind randomized cross-over trial with 2 10-day treatment periods. Night profiles of blood glucose and free insulin concentrations were determined at the end of each treatment period. Three doses of regular insulin were given before the meals and NPH insulin and Semilente at 10.00 p.m. Nighttime blood glucose and insulin profiles were different under the treatment with Semilente and NPH insulin. Injection of Semilente at bedtime resulted in higher insulin and lower blood glucose values during the second part of the night (p < 0.001 versus Semilente by ANOVA). Semilente injected at bedtime can prevent the early-morning rise in blood glucose in type I diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Strasser
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nützi
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Spinas
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Berger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005215:Fasting / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting