title: The effects of clozapine on severely aggressive psychiatric inpatients in a state hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  After noting a dramatic reduction in aggression and agitation in five psychotic inpatients residing on a specialized unit for the severely aggressive, the authors conducted a retrospective chart review to assess the possible role of clozapine treatment in this change.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors culled 12 months of nursing data, including progress notes, orders for seclusion, and mechanical and chemical restraint, to tabulate the frequency of aggression before and after the initiation of clozapine treatment, and looked at ratings on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and periodic review reports to assess overall clinical change.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of the review indicate that although psychotic symptoms were not greatly affected by the drug, the overall frequency of assaults, self-abuse, and the use of seclusion, mechanical restraint, and chemical restraint was reduced in the subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors conclude that because the reduction of aggression and agitation coincided with clozapine treatment, it is likely that clozapine was responsible for the change. The authors propose possible reasons for this effect and suggest that controlled studies are needed to substantiate these preliminary results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Ratey
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leveroni
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kilmer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gutheil
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Swartz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000523:psychology; D003024:Clozapine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006753:Hospital Records; D006760:Hospitalization; D006783:Hospitals, State; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012934:Social Isolation
chemical_list: D003024:Clozapine