title: Microscopic endoluminal tumorectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We herein report our experience with transanal endoscopic microsurgery. The new technique combines an endoscopic view and access of the rectum under gas insufflation via a stereoscopic telescope with all conventional surgical maneuvers such as tissue preparation, coagulation and control of bleeding, irrigation, suction, and, finally, suturing of the parietal defect.
  
  
  METHODS
  The main indication of transanal endoscopic microsurgery is the removal of broad-based sessile polyps and excision of early rectal cancers. We performed local excision of pT2, G1-2 adenocarcinomas and excision of advanced rectal cancer in high-risk patients. The reported series includes 35 consecutive patients, who have been enrolled in a prospective clinical trial. Five patients were excluded for different reasons. The patients were submitted to 29 total wall excisions with or without perirectal fat and one mucosectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperative histologic examination showed 9 adenomas and 21 adenocarcinomas. Morbidity included 2 (5.6 percent) perioperative and 2 (5.6 percent) late complications. There was no operative mortality and the mean postoperative hospital course was six days. All patients are in follow-up observation with a mean time of 10.3 months. In the group of adenomas and adenocarcinomas, we did not observe local recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considering our experience with the overall results reported by other authors, we believe that transanal endoscopic microsurgery is the procedure of choice for the treatment of rectal polyps and early rectal cancers provided strict patient selection criteria are met.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stipa
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chiavellati
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nicolanti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stipa
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000236:Adenoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011351:Proctoscopy / Q000379:methods; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*