title: Resistance of human squamous carcinoma cells to transforming growth factor beta 1 is a recessive trait.
abstract: Because most human squamous carcinoma cell lines of the aerodigestive and genital tracts are refractory to the antiproliferative action of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1) in vitro, we have begun to identify the causes for resistance of squamous carcinoma cell lines to TGF beta 1 by using somatic cell genetics. Two stable hybrid cell lines (FaDu-HKc.1 and FaDu-HKc.2) were obtained by fusing a TGF beta 1-resistant human squamous carcinoma cell line, FaDu-HygR, with a human papilloma virus 16-immortalized, TGF beta 1-sensitive, human foreskin keratinocyte cell line, HKc-neoR. Whereas TGF beta 1 did not inhibit DNA synthesis in parental FaDu-HygR cells, it reduced DNA synthetic activity of HKc-neoR, FaDu-HKc.1, and FaDu-HKc.2 cells by 75-85% (IC50, 2-5 pM). Although squamous carcinoma cells express lower than normal levels of TGF beta 1 type II receptors on their cell surface, TGF beta 1 type II receptor mRNA was detected in all four cell lines. Recessive genes involved in TGF beta 1 signaling may be localized to the distal portion of chromosome 18q, as this was the sole chromosomal region of homozygous deletion in parental FaDu-HygR cells. Furthermore, our previous observation that mutant p53 decreases sensitivity of keratinocytes to TGF beta 1 was supported by the finding that the level of the mutant p53 protein expressed by the hybrid cell lines was greatly reduced. In summary, TGF beta 1 resistance of FaDu cells appears to be recessive and is presumably due to the loss of one or more post-receptor elements of the signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reiss
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Antonia
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cowan
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Wilkins
authors.forename: Z L
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: V F
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Vellucci
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005808:Genes, Recessive; D016158:Genes, p53; D006801:Humans; D006822:Hybrid Cells; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta