title: Effects of formaldehyde fumigation of housing on carotenoid pigmentation in three breeds of chickens.
abstract: Three breeds of chickens (two broiler breeds, A and B, and one layer breed, C) were raised from 1 day to 3 wk of age in either standard housing or housing additionally fumigated with formaldehyde. Groups of chicks from each breed in both housings received either regular poultry starter ration or this ration supplemented with marigold meal. At 3 wk of age, chicks of all three breeds had higher (111, 113, and 115%) mean body weights when raised in fumigated housing. There was no significant effect of supplemental carotenoids on body weight. Chicks of all three breeds raised in fumigated housing had significantly higher plasma carotenoid concentrations when fed either regular or supplemented feed, and, with the exception of Breed A on regular feed, also had significantly increased skin carotenoid values. No significant differences among breeds in plasma or skin carotenoid values were seen in chicks fed regular ration. However, significant differences were seen among groups of chicks fed supplemental carotenoids. The layer breed, C, had the highest percentage increase in carotenoid pigmentation when fed the carotenoid-supplemented diet in fumigated housing.
authors.affiliation: USDA, Livestock and Poultry Sciences Institute, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center-East, Maryland 20705.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Allen
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D005557:Formaldehyde; D005651:Fumigation; D008297:Male; D010858:Pigmentation / Q000502:physiology*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D005557:Formaldehyde; D002338:Carotenoids