title: The dithiocarbamate fungicide thiram disrupts the hormonal control of ovulation in the female rat.
abstract: Thiram has been reported to inhibit dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (D beta H), thereby affecting norepinephrine (NE) synthesis. Because NE is a neurotransmitter that is known to play an important role in the hypothalamic regulation of pituitary function, the acute effects of the thiram on the hormonal control of ovulation in the rat were investigated. Ovariectomized, estrogen-primed female rats were given a single injection of thiram (0, 6, 12, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) at 1100 h and serum LH was measured in serial bleeds. Thiram at 100 and 50 mg/kg completely blocked the LH surge in all rats tested, while 12 and 25 mg/kg blocked the surge in 40 and 75% of the treated animals, respectively. Six mg/kg had no effect. Ovulation was then assessed in intact, proestrous females in response to thiram administration (0, 12, 25, or 50 mg/kg) at 0900, 1100, 1300, or 1800 h. Ovulation was blocked by 25 and 50 mg/kg at 1300 h in all rats, but when injected at 1100 h only the 50 mg/kg dose was effective. No such blockade was found with 50 mg/kg injected at 0900 and 1800 h. To assess the influence of thiram on the LH surge in intact rats, additional females were dosed at 1300 h on the day of proestrus and blood collected over that same day. Thiram at 50 mg/kg blocked the LH surge in all rats, while 25 mg/kg blocked the surge in 60% of the females tested. No effect occurred with 12 mg/kg.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: ManTech Environmental Technology, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Stoker
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Cooper
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004299:Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010060:Ovulation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011359:Proestrus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013893:Thiram / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors; D014621:Vagina / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D013893:Thiram; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D004299:Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; D009638:Norepinephrine