title: A herd outbreak of equine leukoencephalomalacia.
abstract: Equine leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM) affected 6 of 10 pleasure horses in adjacent paddocks at a boarding facility. Four of the 6 affected horses died or were euthanized. Two of 3 horses presented for treatment survived with complete resolution of clinical signs. Treatment was primarily supportive. Dimethyl sulfoxide, dexamethasone, flunixin meglumine and thiamine were administered as anti-inflammatory agents and to decrease or prevent cerebral edema. Fusarium monileforme was cultured from ear corn fed the affected horses. Fumonisin B1, B2 and B3 were isolated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Studies, University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, George D. Widener Large Animal Hospital, Kennett Square 19348-1692.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Wilkins
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Vaala
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zivotofsky
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Twitchell
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary*; D004678:Encephalomalacia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005670:Fusarium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006736:Horses; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary; D009181:Mycoses / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary; D003313:Zea mays / Q000382:microbiology*