title: Child-rearing practices and nursing caries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine which child-rearing practices are associated with nursing caries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital-based general pediatric clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sequential sample of 110 healthy children aged 18 to 36 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  Feeding practices of children, limit-setting issues, and familial dental health were determined by maternal interview. Nursing caries were diagnosed by dental examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nursing caries were found in 22 (20%) of the children. Ninety percent of children with and without caries were bottle-feeding at 12 and 18 months of age. Ninety-one percent of children with caries and 84% without were still drinking a nighttime bottle at 18 months (P = .33). The mothers of children with caries were found to have fewer years of education, 8.9 vs 10.8 years (P = .02), and were more likely to have eight or more cavities, 55% vs 19% (P = .002). More infants in the caries group had been breast-fed, 72% vs 46% (P = .02), although length of breast-feeding was similar, 5.4 vs 6.7 months. Fewer children with caries drank fluoridated tap water, 27% vs 54% (P = .05), but there were no differences in topical fluoride use, dental hygiene practices, or visits to the dentist.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings fail to substantiate a straightforward relationship between child-rearing practices and nursing caries and suggest that well-designed prospective studies are needed to clarify the etiology of early caries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Serwint
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mungo
authors.forename: V F
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Negrete
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Duggan
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Korsch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001903:Bottle Feeding / Q000009:adverse effects; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007224:Infant Care / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age