title: Coccidioidomycosis and heart transplantation.
abstract: Eleven episodes of Coccidioides immits infection (cocci) were documented in nine of 199 heart transplant recipients. Cocci was confirmed by fungal cultures and treated with 1 gram of intravenous amphotericin B, after which all patients were put on ketoconazole 200 mg orally twice a day. Two recurrent cocci episodes were noted, both occurring when ketoconazole maintenance therapy was discontinued. When compared with the group of patients without cocci, actuarial survival at 1 and 5 years was identical. We conclude that cocci does not seem to affect the early and late clinical outcome and that prophylactic use of ketoconazole (or other oral antifungal agents) after successful treatment of the initial infection is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Section of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Sethi
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Rosado
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Huston
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Copeland
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003047:Coccidioidomycosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007223:Infant; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D007654:Ketoconazole