title: Apolipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular disease in type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with and without diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: The relative mortality from cardiovascular disease is on average increased five-fold in Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy compared to non-diabetic subjects. We assessed the possible contribution of dyslipidaemia in general and elevated serum apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)) in particular. Type 2 diabetic patients with normo-, micro- and macroalbuminuria were compared with healthy subjects. Each group consisted of 37 subjects matched for age, sex and diabetes duration. Serum creatinine in the nephropathy group was 105 (54-740) mumol/l. The prevalence of ischaemic heart disease (resting ECG, Minnesota, Rating Scale) was 57, 35, 19 and 2% in macro-, micro- and normoalbuminuric diabetic patients and healthy subjects, respectively. The prevalence of ischaemic heart disease was higher in all diabetic groups as compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.05), and higher in macroalbuminuric as compared to normoalbuminuric diabetic patients (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference between apo(a) in the four groups: 161 (10-1370), 191 (10-2080), 147 (10-942), 102 (10-1440) U/l (median (range)) in macro-, micro- and normoalbuminuric groups and healthy subjects. Serum total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were not significantly different when comparing healthy subjects and each diabetic group. Apolipoprotein A-I was lower (p < 0.05) in all diabetic groups as compared to healthy subjects (nephropathy vs healthy subjects): 1.50 +/- 0.25 vs 1.69 +/- 0.32 g/l (mean +/- SD). Triglyceride was higher (p < 0.05) in patients with nephropathy and microalbuminuria as compared to healthy subjects (nephropathy vs healthy subjects): 2.01 (0.66-14.7) vs 1.09 (0.41-2.75) mmol/l (median (range)).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark.
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Voldsgaard
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gall
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rossing
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hommel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dyerberg
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Parving
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000378:metabolism; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D053241:Apoprotein(a); D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000652:urine; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000652:urine; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D017270:Lipoprotein(a); D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012907:Smoking; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D053241:Apoprotein(a); D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D017270:Lipoprotein(a); D014280:Triglycerides