title: Preoperative irradiation and fluorouracil chemotherapy for locally advanced rectosigmoid carcinoma: phase I-II study.
abstract: From June 1988 to July 1991, 20 patients with locally advanced rectal or rectosigmoid cancer were treated prospectively with a strategy of combining preoperative irradiation and fluorouracil chemotherapy before surgical resection. The preoperative radiation dose was 5,000 cGy, and fluorouracil chemotherapy was administered on the first and last 3 days of irradiation in an intravenous bolus dose of 500 mg/m2. In a median follow-up of 25 months, the local regional failure rate was 10%. The 3-year actuarial overall survival and disease-free survival were 92% and 82%, respectively. Twenty percent of the surgical specimens showed no residual tumor, and only 10% showed positive lymph nodes. Significant leukopenia occurred in 10% of patients. Preoperative irradiation and fluorouracil chemotherapy increased surgical downstaging and improved local regional control. The overall toxicity was acceptable. The results of this particular multimodality approach was encouraging and warrant further investigation in phase III trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Landry
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Koretz
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bahri
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Daneker
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: York
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Sarma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lynn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D012811:Sigmoid Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D005472:Fluorouracil