title: Defective HLA class II expression in monocytes of type 1 diabetic patients. The Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group.
abstract: Activation of T-helper cells is modulated by the intensity of HLA class II expression on antigen-presenting cells. We evaluated whether any abnormalities could be found in the expression of HLA-DR and -DQ molecules on monocytes in type 1 diabetic subjects. DR and DQ  molecules were induced by human recombinant interferon-gamma on cultured peripheral blood monocytes obtained from children with type 1 diabetes (N = 28), their siblings (N = 18) and unrelated healthy controls (N = 21). The response in DQ induction varied considerably between different individuals, but the average responsiveness was significantly lower in patients compared to siblings and unrelated controls. In addition to the diabetic subjects deficient DQ induction was also observed in three siblings. One of them had high levels of islet cell antibodies and presented with diabetes 6 months later, and another had active rheumatoid arthritis. The response in DR induction was also slightly lower in patients than in siblings, but did not differ from that in unrelated controls. The results suggest abnormalities in the regulation of HLA class II expression in type 1 diabetic subjects possibly reflecting the ongoing autoimmune process.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parkkonen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hyöty
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huupponen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leinikki
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tuomilehto-Wolf
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knip
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005802:Genes, MHC Class II / Q000276:immunology; D005838:Genotype; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
chemical_list: D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma