title: The latency of the cat vestibulo-ocular reflex before and after short- and long-term adaptation.
abstract: Latencies of normal and adapted feline vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) were studied in five cats by applying +/- 20 degrees/s horizontal head velocity steps (4000 degrees/s2 acceleration) and measuring the elicited horizontal or vertical reflex eye responses. Normal VOR latency was 13.0 ms +/- 1.9 SD. Short-term adaptation was then accomplished by using 2 h of paired horizontal sinusoidal vestibular stimulation and phase-synchronized vertical optokinetic stimulation (cross-axis adaptation). For long-term adaptation, cats wore x 0.25 or x 2.2 magnifying lenses for 4 days. The cats were passively rotated for 2 h/day and allowed to walk freely in the laboratory or their cages for the remainder of the time. The latency of the early (primary) adaptive response was 15.2 ms +/- 5.2 SD for cross-axis adaptation and 12.5 ms +/- 3.9 SD for lens adaptation. This short-latency response appeared within 30 min after beginning the adaptation procedure and diminished in magnitude overnight. A late (secondary) adaptive response with latency of 76.8 ms +/- 7.0 SD for cross-axis adaptation and 68.1 ms +/- 8.8 SD for lens adaptation appeared after approximately 2 h of adaptation. It had a more gradual increase in magnitude than the primary response and did not diminish in magnitude overnight. These data suggest that brainstem VOR pathways are a site of learning for adaptive VOR modification, since the primary latency is short and has a similar latency to that of the normal VOR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611.
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Khater
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pena
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Peterson
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000502:physiology; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004585:Electrooculography; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000502:physiology; D012027:Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques