title: Anti-HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) activity of sulfated paramylon.
abstract: Sulfated derivatives of paramylon, a water-insoluble (1-3)-beta-D-glucan from Euglena gracilis, significantly inhibited the cytopathic effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1, HIV-2) and the expression of HIV antigen in cultured MT-4, MOLT-4 cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Native paramylon, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl paramylon, N,N-diethylaminoethyl paramylon, 2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammoniopropyl paramylon chloride, and carboxymethyl paramylon had little or no anti-HIV activity. The anti-HIV activity of the sulfated paramylon derivatives depended on the number of sulfate groups, and the molecular weight. Paramylon sulfate significantly inhibited HIV-1 binding to MT-4 cells. The anti-coagulant activity of the sulfated paramylon derivatives also depended on the number of sulfate groups, but was generally lower than that of dextran sulfate. The results point to the potential of paramylon sulfate in the treatment of HIV infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakagami
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Utsumi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujinaga
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asano
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sugawara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000502:physiology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005936:Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D013463:Sulfuric Acid Esters / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D005936:Glucans; D013463:Sulfuric Acid Esters; C003045:paramylon