title: Cis- and trans-acting elements in cowpea mosaic virus RNA replication.
abstract: Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) B-RNA encodes the viral proteins required for viral RNA replication while M-RNA does so for the capsid proteins and functions required in cell-to-cell movement of the virus. Accordingly, B-RNA can replicate by itself, whereas M-RNA can only replicate in the presence of B-RNA. We have made heterologous sequence insertions at different positions in the open reading frame of B-RNA, leaving the 5' and 3' non-coding ends intact. None of these mutant B-RNAs were able to replicate. Furthermore, it was not possible to support replication of these mutant B-RNAs by co-inoculating wild-type B-RNA as a helper, indicating that B-RNA can not be replicated in trans. In contrast, replication of M-RNA must occur in trans, as the viral replicative proteins are encoded by B-RNA. Mutant M-RNA transcripts containing 5' and 3' non-coding regions of B-RNA are still efficiently replicated in protoplasts if co-inoculated with B-RNA, indicating that in cis or in trans replication of the CPMV RNAs is not primarily determined by the non-coding regions. Remarkably, for replication of M-RNA, the N-terminal domain of the 58K protein encoded by M-RNA was found to be required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Van Bokhoven
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Le Gall
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kasteel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Verver
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wellink
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Van Kammen
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002213:Capsid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004279:DNA, Viral; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000382:microbiology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D007438:Introns; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009029:Mosaic Viruses / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011523:Protoplasts; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral