title: A neural network to analyze fertility data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To program an artificial intelligence system, a neural network, and use it to predict results of sperm penetration in bovine cervical mucus (Penetrak assay; Serono Laboratories, Norwell, MA) and zona-free hamster egg penetration from the semen analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Results of 139 Penetrak assays, 1,416 zona-free hamster egg penetration assays, and the corresponding semen analyses were retrospectively analyzed by an artificial neural network.
  
  
  METHODS
  Classification errors of the neural network were compared with those of linear and quadratic discriminant function analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data were separated into training and test sets. For the Penetrak result, linear and quadratic discriminant function analysis correctly predicted 58% and 74% of the training set results and only 64.1% and 69.2% of the test data, respectively. The neural network correctly predicted 92% of training set results and 80% of test set results. For the zona-free hamster egg penetration assay outcome, linear and quadratic discriminant function analysis correctly classified 66.3% and 46.0% of the training set and 64.9% and 44.7% of the test set, respectively. The neural network correctly classified 75.7% of the training data and 67.8% of the test data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using the semen analysis, the neural network correctly classified 67.8% of zona-free hamster egg penetration assay results and 80% of Penetrak results it had not encountered previously, suggesting that this method of data analysis may be successfully employed to predict fertility potential.
authors.affiliation: Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Niederberger
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Lipshultz
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lamb
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D006224:Cricetinae; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D012661:Semen / Q000502:physiology; D013084:Sperm-Ovum Interactions