title: Antinuclear antibodies in patients with scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) and in their blood relatives and spouses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the postulate that there is a higher prevalence of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) in serum samples from blood relatives and from spouses of patients with scleroderma than in control samples, and that this provides evidence for both genetic and environmental factors influencing autoimmunity in scleroderma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Testing for ANAs was performed on 58 patients with scleroderma, 30 of their spouses, 74 first degree relatives, and 66 control subjects broadly age matched to the patients, their spouses, and about half of the relatives (siblings and parents).
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the basis of an ANA titre of > 40 as positive, 12 (18%) of the controls, 55 (95%) of the patients, one (3%) of the spouses and five (7%) of the relatives would be classified as positive. Thirty seven (64%) of the patients had defined specificities (ACA, Scl 70, U1 (RNP)) but none of the controls, spouses, or relatives had antibodies of these specificities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings give no support to the postulate that environmental or genetic factors contribute to the ANAs in scleroderma.
authors.affiliation: Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: McNeilage
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000032:analysis*; D000918:Antibody Specificity / Q000235:genetics; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear