title: All-trans retinoic acid: tolerance and biologic effects in myelodysplastic syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a study to evaluate the tolerance to and biologic effects of all-trans retinoic acid in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine patients with myelodysplastic syndrome were treated with oral all-trans retinoic acid for 6 weeks. Dose levels were 10, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg/m2/d. At least three patients were treated on each dose level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common side effects were mucocutaneous dryness and erythema, and hypertriglyceridemia. Dose-limiting side effects were diverse and included dermatitic problems, sensorineural hearing loss, headaches, nausea and vomiting, myalgias, and dyspnea. The maximum-tolerated dose was 150 mg/m2/d. Only one response was seen among 29 patients considered assessable for response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All-trans retinoic acid can be safely administered to patients at doses up to 150 mg/m2/d for 6 weeks. However, as administered in this study, this compound does not appear to have significant activity in myelodysplastic syndromes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Investigation, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kurzrock
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Estey
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Talpaz
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014212:Tretinoin