title: Alterations in renal stone risk factors after space flight.
abstract: Exposure to the microgravity environment of space produces a number of physiological changes of metabolic and environmental origin that could increase the potential for renal stone formation. Metabolic, environmental and physicochemical factors that influence renal stone risk potential were examined in 24-hour urine samples from astronauts 10 days before launch and on landing day to provide an immediate postflight assessment of these factors. In addition, comparisons were made between male and female crewmembers, and between crewmembers on missions of less than 6 days and those on 6 to 10-day missions. Results suggest that immediately after space flight the risk of calcium oxalate and uric acid stone formation is increased as a result of metabolic (hypercalciuria, hypocitraturia, pH) and environmental (lower urine volume) derangements, some of which could reflect residual effects of having been exposed to microgravity.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Operations and Research Branch, NASA/Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas 77058.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Whitson
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Pietrzyk
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Pak
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Cintrón
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013026:Space Flight; D013997:Time Factors