title: Preweaning diet affects bile lipid composition and bile acid kinetics in infant baboons.
abstract: We tested, with 14-wk-old baboons before weaning, the hypothesis that bile acid metabolism is differentially affected by breast feeding or by feeding formulas with a high polyunsaturated:saturated fatty acid ratio or with a low ratio, similar to that of breast milk. Bile lipid content, bile acid pool size, fractional turnover rate, synthetic rate and conjugate composition were measured in a single bile sample 9 d after an injection on d 1 of a mixture of [14C]cholic and [14C]chenodeoxycholic acids and an injection of a mixture of [3H]cholic acid and [3H]chenodeoxycholic acid on d 8. The principal biliary bile acid was chenodeoxycholic acid. The only difference in chenodeoxycholic acid metabolism among the infant diet groups was a lower chenodeoxycholic acid synthetic rate in baboons fed the low polyunsaturated:saturated formula compared with those fed the high polyunsaturated:saturated formula or breast-fed. Cholic acid metabolism was significantly affected by infant diet: breast-fed infants had a smaller cholic acid pool size, lower cholic acid percentage of total bile acids, higher cholic acid glycine:taurine conjugate ratio and larger cholic acid fractional turnover rate than formula-fed animals. The polyunsaturated:saturated fatty acid ratio in the formulas did not significantly affect these variables. These results show that differences in bile acid metabolism between breast- and formula-fed infant baboons are limited principally to cholic acid. These differences likely are due to factors other than fatty acid saturation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Medicine, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX 78228-0147.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: McMahan
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Mott
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling / Q000378:metabolism*; D001646:Bile / Q000737:chemistry*; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D002635:Chenodeoxycholic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000032:analysis; D019826:Cholic Acid; D002793:Cholic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004032:Diet; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology; D005526:Food, Formulated; D005998:Glycine / Q000032:analysis; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008892:Milk; D010215:Papio / Q000378:metabolism*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis; D011897:Random Allocation; D013654:Taurine / Q000032:analysis; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D002793:Cholic Acids; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D008055:Lipids; D010743:Phospholipids; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D002635:Chenodeoxycholic Acid; D013654:Taurine; D002784:Cholesterol; D019826:Cholic Acid; D005998:Glycine