title: Effects of tube thoracostomy on pleural fluid characteristics in sheep.
abstract: We studied the pleural inflammatory response to tube thoracostomy by inserting an Argyle 32-Fr tube in the pleural space of 10 anesthetized sheep. An experimental pleural effusion was created by infusion of sterile normal saline (10 ml/kg) into the pleural space, and the animals were allowed to recover. Systemic blood and experimental pleural effusion (EPE) samples were obtained at time 0, 30 min, hourly for 6 h, and at 6-h intervals for a total of 48 h. EPE white cell count rose from 125 +/- 125 to 6,323 +/- 2,268/microliters (SE) at 6 h (P < 0.05) but showed marked variability at 42 and 48 h (P < 0.05), with values ranging from 8,000 to 22,000/microliters. The systemic white cell count rose from 5,195 +/- 914 to 9,640 +/- 1,110/microliters (P < 0.01) within the first 12 h and then remained stable. EPE protein increased from 0 +/- 0 to 3.73 +/- 0.2 g/dl at 48 h (P < 0.05). EPE lactate dehydrogenase rose from 44 +/- 12 IU/l to a peak of 638 +/- 55 IU/l at 24 h (P < 0.05). EPE glucose was significantly lower than serum glucose at 36, 42, and 48 h (P < 0.05). These data indicate that chest tube placement rapidly induces significant pleural inflammation and results in formation of a sterile exudate.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Boise, Idaho 83702.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kirk
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: N B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Charan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015505:Chest Tubes / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010998:Pleurisy / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012756:Sheep; D013907:Thoracostomy / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase