title: Induction of endothelium-dependent relaxation in the rat aorta by IRL 1620, a novel and selective agonist at the endothelin ETB receptor.
abstract: 1. The effects of a novel and selective agonist at the endothelin ETB receptor, IRL 1620 (Suc-[Glu9, Ala11,15] endothelin-1 (8-21)), were examined in the isolated aorta of the rat. 2. IRL 1620 (1-300 nM) changed neither the resting tone nor the cytosolic Ca2+ level ([Ca2+]i) of the aorta without endothelium. In the presence of endothelium, however, IRL 1620 increased endothelial [Ca2+]i with little effect on the muscle tone. In the absence of external Ca2+, IRL 1620 still induced a transient increase in endothelial [Ca2+]i. 3. Noradrenaline (100 nM) increased both muscle [Ca2+]i and tension. IRL 1620 (1-300 nM) relaxed the muscle with an increase in endothelial [Ca2+]i only in the presence of endothelium. An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, 100 microM NG-monomethyl-L-arginine, inhibited the relaxant effect of IRL 1620 but not the increase in endothelial [Ca2+]i. 4. In resting and noradrenaline-stimulated aorta, the effects of IRL 1620 were inhibited by a selective antagonist of the ETB receptor, IRL 1038 (0.3-3 microM), although a selective antagonist of the ETA receptor, BQ-123 (3 microM), was ineffective. Verapamil (10 microM) did not alter the effects of IRL 1620. 5. A muscarinic receptor agonist, carbachol (1 microM), also induced endothelium-dependent relaxation with an increase in endothelial [Ca2+]i. However, the effects of carbachol were not inhibited by the ETB antagonist, IRL 1038 (3 microM). 6. These results suggest that IRL 1620 is a selective agonist at the ETB receptor which increases endothelial [Ca2+]i by releasing Ca2+ from storage sites and by opening non-L type Ca2+ channels,activates nitric oxide synthase, releases nitric oxide, and relaxes vascular smooth muscle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karaki
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sudjarwo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takai
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Urade
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000187:drug effects; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D016232:Endothelins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin / Q000187:drug effects*; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin; C074308:sovateltide; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D002217:Carbachol; D001120:Arginine; D014700:Verapamil; D002118:Calcium; D009638:Norepinephrine