title: Cryopreservation of human platelets using dimethyl sulfoxide and glycerol-glucose: effects on "in vitro" platelet function.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The technique of freezing blood platelets could be very useful in the transfusion support of thrombocytopenic patients. The best method of platelet cryopreservation still remains an object of debate, though it has been suggested that dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is more effective than glycerol-glucose as a cryopreservative. However, few studies have directly compared platelets cryopreserved with different methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared "in vitro" function of platelets cryopreserved with 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or 3% glycerol-glucose at -140 degrees C. Platelet aggregation and release reaction were studied with a Lumi aggregometer, thromboxane B2 (TxB2) production by radioimmunoassay, and Ca++ movement by the Fura 2 method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cryopreservation with both of the methods dramatically reduced the ability of platelets to release ATP and to aggregate in response to single agonists. In contrast, cryopreserved platelets maintained their ability to aggregate after stimulation with paired agonists and to produce TxB2. Cytoplasmic Ca++ increase induced by thrombin was observed in the glycerol-preserved platelets, while it was nearly absent in the DMSO-preserved ones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that cryopreservation with glycerol-glucose or DMSO induces similar defects of platelet function. The damage is severe, but platelets are still able to respond to strong stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Clinica Medica 2, Università di Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Balduini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mazzucco
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sinigaglia
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grignani
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bertolino
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Noris
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pacchiarini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torti
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salvaneschi
mesh_terms: D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001793:Blood Preservation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015925:Cryopreservation; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D010979:Platelet Function Tests
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D005947:Glucose; D005990:Glycerol; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide