title: Incidence of HIV-1 infection among adults in the Kagera region of Tanzania.
abstract: The results of a population-based follow-up study are presented. The baseline study which started in August 1987, was carried out to determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection in the Kagera region of Tanzania. A multistage cluster sampling technique was adopted in the selection of the study population. In the follow-up survey which started in June 1988, members of the same study population were revisited and studied in order to determine the incidence of HIV-1 infection among those who were HIV seronegative in the initial survey. HIV serology was conducted by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and all positive sera were confirmed by the Western blot technique. A total population of 1316 adults aged 15-54 years was studied, constituting an average follow-up response rate of 69% in the rural areas and of 59% in the urban area. The overall incidence of HIV-1 infection among the adult population sample was 13.7 per 1000 person-years at risk with the highest incidence in the urban zone (47.5 per 1000 person-years at risk) and the lowest incidence in one of the three rural zones (4.9 per 1000 person-years at risk). The age-specific annual incidence was highest in the age group 25-34 years for males and in the age group 15-24 for females. From these results it was estimated that the number of newly infected adults in the region each year is about 8200 with a range between 5400 and 11,000 corresponding to the 95% confidence limits on the overall incidence.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Muhimbili Medical Centre, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
authors.forename: J Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Killewo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sandstrom
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bredberg Raden
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Mhalu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biberfeld
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wall
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013636:Tanzania / Q000453:epidemiology