title: Double cross lip flaps for reconstruction of the lower lip.
abstract: Squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip is a common tumor. Of the many methods available for reconstructing lower lip defects after radical excision, we found double cross lip flaps from each lateral side of the upper lip philtrum rotated into the defect of the lower lip to be an effective method, not only functionally but also cosmetically. The main reason why satisfactory results were obtained by this procedure is that the anatomical structure (skin-orbicularis oris muscle-mucosa, vermilion) of the upper lip is very similar to that of the lower lip. Our experience is with double cross lip operations in the management of lower lip cancers are described.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugihara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Minakawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Igawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D062109:Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008048:Lip Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000379:methods*