title: Obesity-induced hypertension. Renal function and systemic hemodynamics.
abstract: This study examined the control of renal hemodynamics and tubular function, as well as systemic hemodynamics, during obesity-induced hypertension in chronically instrumented conscious dogs. Mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and heart rate were monitored 24 hours a day using computerized methods, water and electrolyte balances were measured daily, and renal hemodynamics were measured each week during the control period and 5 weeks of a high-fat diet. After 7 to 10 days of control measurements, 0.5 to 0.9 kg of cooked beef fat was added to the regular diet, and sodium intake was maintained constant at 76 mmol/d throughout the study. After 5 weeks of the high-fat diet, body weight increased from 24.0 +/- 1.0 to 35.9 +/- 4.9 kg, mean arterial pressure increased from 83 +/- 5 to 100 +/- 4 mm Hg, cardiac output increased from 2.86 +/- 0.27 to 4.45 +/- 0.55 L/min, and heart rate rose from 68 +/- 5 to 107 +/- 9 beats per minute. Associated with the hypertension was an increase in cumulative sodium balance to 507 +/- 107 mmol after 35 days and a rise in sodium iothalamate space, an index of extracellular fluid volume, to 131 +/- 4% of control. Sodium retention was due to increased tubular reabsorption, because glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow increased throughout the 5 weeks of the high-fat diet, averaging 135 +/- 4% and 149 +/- 19% of control, respectively, during the fifth week of the high-fat diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: University of Mississippi Medical Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jackson 39216-4505.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Brands
authors.forename: W N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D002712:Chlorides / Q000652:urine; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004285:Dogs; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000652:urine; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000652:urine; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D004041:Dietary Fats; D014867:Water; D012964:Sodium; D012083:Renin