title: A multi-element isotopic tracer assessment of true fractional absorption of minerals from formula with additives of calcium, phosphorus, zinc, copper and iron in young piglets.
abstract: True fractional absorption of minerals was measured to determine the bioavailability of Zn, Fe, Mn and Se from liquid formulas fortified with stepwise additions of Ca and P (as Ca glycerophosphate and carbonate, Ca*P), and Zn, Cu and Fe (as sulfate salts). Growth, deposition of tracers in organs and bone mineral content of femurs as assessed by single photon absorptiometry were measured. Four-day-old piglets (n = 36) were randomly assigned to groups fed a basal diet or additions of Ca*P (Ca = 25, P = 18 g/kg dry diet), Ca*P+Zn (Zn = 0.04 g/kg), Ca*P+Zn+Cu (Cu = 0.007 g/kg) or Ca*P+Zn+Cu+Fe (Fe = 0.008 g/kg). Oral and intravenous administration of extrinsic isotopes of 59Fe, 54Mn, 65Zn, 75Se and 47Ca was followed by fecal monitoring for 15 d and true absorption calculated after accounting for endogenous excretion. Addition of Ca*P+Zn reduced Zn absorption (P < 0.05) and Ca*P+Zn+Cu reduced Fe absorption (P < 0.01), but Mn and Se absorptions were not altered. Uptake of only Zn tracer into heart was significantly different (P < 0.05) among diet groups. Weight gain and linear growth were similar in all groups. Addition of Ca*P produced higher bone mineral density, but its effect on Zn absorption warrants further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Atkinson
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Webber
authors.forename: I L
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Gibson
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000042:Absorption; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D001827:Body Height / Q000187:drug effects; D015519:Bone Density; D005526:Food, Formulated; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008903:Minerals / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D009753:Nutritive Value; D013552:Swine; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals