title: Mortality patterns and trends for lung cancer and other tobacco-related cancers in the Americas, 1955-1989.
abstract: Mortality from cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx, oesphagus, larynx and lung between 1955 and 1989 has been analysed for USA, Canada and 14 countries in Latin America. Among males, Uruguay, Cuba, Argentina and Puerto Rico have the highest rates for all sites, and Peru, Ecuador, Dominican Republic, Mexico and Colombia have the lowest rates. Among females, Cuba, Colombia and Puerto Rico rank high for all sites, and Mexico, Paraguay, Ecuador and Peru rank low. For both sexes, lung cancer mortality rates from the US and Canada are high, whereas rates from other sites are intermediate. An increasing trend in lung cancer mortality over time is shown in all countries except Cuba (no changes), Argentina, Paraguay and Peru (decreasing trend). In Latin America, the tobacco-related lung cancer epidemic is in its early phase among males, and very early phase among females.
authors.affiliation: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boffetta
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: La Vecchia
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Levi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lucchini
mesh_terms: D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D009656:North America / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000639:trends; D013020:South America / Q000453:epidemiology