title: In vivo release of water-soluble drugs from stabilized water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) type multiple emulsions following intravenous administrations using rats.
abstract: The in vivo release of four water-soluble drugs, cefadroxil, cephradine, antipyrine and 4-aminoantipyrine, from a stabilizing water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) type multiple emulsion was studied using rats. The W/O/W type multiple emulsion used in this study could be stabilized for 30 d after preparation at room temperature and also for 24 h in pH 7.4 isotonic phosphate buffer or in rat plasma at 37 degrees C. The cefadroxil and cephradine concentrations in rat plasma following intravenous administrations of their W/O/W type multiple emulsions containing drugs were considerably prolonged compared with those of respective aqueous solutions. Sustained-releasing properties of cefadroxil and cephradine from W/O/W type multiple emulsions could be explained by the mechanism underlying the long residence time of W/O/W type multiple emulsions and delay-release of drugs from the W/O/W type multiple emulsions circulated with rat blood stream. However, antipyrine and 4-aminoantipyrine decreased rapidly following W/O/W type multiple emulsions and these plasma profiles coincided precisely with those following intravenous administration of the aqueous solutions of drugs. These in vivo releasing data correlated with in vitro drug release observation stated in the previous papers.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyakawa
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goto
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D000675:Ampyrone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000818:Animals; D000983:Antipyrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002434:Cefadroxil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002515:Cephradine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004355:Drug Stability; D004655:Emulsions; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004655:Emulsions; D012996:Solutions; D000675:Ampyrone; D002434:Cefadroxil; D002515:Cephradine; D000983:Antipyrine