Students' psychosocial characteristics as predictors of academic performance in medical school.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the incremental effects of selected psychosocial measures--beyond the effects of conventional admission measures--in predicting students' academic performances in medical school.


METHODS
In 1989-90, 210 second-year students at Jefferson Medical College were each asked to complete 11 psychosocial questionnaires that were then used as predictors of performance measures in medical school. The students' scores on three subtests of the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) were also used as predictors. Three composite measures of performance were used as the criterion measures: basic science examination grades, clinical examination grades, and ratings of clinical competence. A multiple regression algorithm (general linear model) was used for statistical analysis.


RESULTS
The response rate was 83% (175 students). When the psychosocial measures were added to the statistical models in which the common variances of the MCAT scores were already determined, significant increments in the common variances were observed for two of the three performance measures: basic science grades and clinical examination grades. Whereas only 4% of the common variance in the ratings of clinical competence could be accounted for by the MCAT scores, 14% could be accounted for by the psychosocial measures.


CONCLUSIONS
The "noncognitive," or psychosocial, measures increased the magnitude of the relationships between the predictive and criterion measures of the students' academic performances, beyond the magnitude attained when only the conventional admission measures were used. Therefore, psychosocial measures should be considered as significant and unique predictors of performance in medical school.
Hojat
M
M
Center for Research in Medical Education and Health Care, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA 19107-5083.
Robeson
M
M
Damjanov
I
I
Veloski
J J
JJ
Glaser
K
K
Gonnella
J S
JS
D000465:Algorithms; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D002983:Clinical Competence; D004521:Educational Measurement; D004522:Educational Status; D005544:Forecasting; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008016:Life Change Events; D016014:Linear Models; D008132:Loneliness; D011581:Psychological Tests / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012570:School Admission Criteria; D012586:Science / Q000193:education; D012919:Social Behavior; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*