title: Thoracoscopic mediastinal lymph node sampling: useful for mediastinal lymph node stations inaccessible by cervical mediastinoscopy.
abstract: Cervical mediastinoscopy is useful for the diagnosis of paratracheal lymph node metastasis from bronchogenic carcinoma. Access to adenopathy in the aorticopulmonary window, anterior mediastinal, periazygos, and subcarinal lymph nodes is difficult with this technique. Operative visibility in these locations through anterior mediastinotomy, the Chamberlain procedure, is limited. We have used thoracoscopic mediastinal exploration in 40 patients with computed tomographic scan evidence of enlarged aorticopulmonary window (n = 30) or enlarged right periazygos or subcarinal lymph nodes (n = 10). This procedure was used primarily as an adjunct to cervical mediastinoscopy in the staging of bronchogenic carcinoma. Adjunctive thoracoscopic nodal sampling was 100% sensitive and 100% specific in diagnosing the mediastinal adenopathy. It did not significantly delay thoracotomy in cases of benign adenopathy. Visibility of the ipsilateral pleural space and mediastinum was excellent. Thoracoscopic exploration with mediastinal nodal sampling is a valuable diagnostic adjunct for assessment of adenopathy inaccessible to cervical mediastinoscopy and can overcome many of the limitations of anterior mediastinotomy.
authors.affiliation: Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Landreneau
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hazelrigg
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mack
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Fitzgibbon
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Dowling
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Acuff
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Keenan
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Ferson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008481:Mediastinoscopy; D008482:Mediastinum; D008875:Middle Aged; D020708:Thoracoscopes; D013906:Thoracoscopy / Q000379:methods