title: Differences in expression of transcription factor AP-1 in human promyelocytic HL-60 cells during differentiation towards macrophages versus granulocytes.
abstract: Commitment of HL-60 cells to macrophage or granulocytic differentiation was achieved by incubation with 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 30-60 min or with dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) for 24 h respectively. The commitment stage towards PMA-induced macrophage differentiation was associated with increases in jun B and c-fos mRNA levels, as well as with an increase in the binding activity of transcription factor AP-1. Nevertheless, gel retardation analysis indicated that the AP-1 activity detected in untreated cells was drastically reduced during the commitment stage of DMSO-induced HL-60 differentiation towards granulocytes. When HL-60 cells were treated with sodium butyrate, which induced monocytic differentiation, a remarkable increase in AP-1 binding activity was detected. Treatment of HL-60 cells with 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, another monocytic differentiation agent, induced a weak, but appreciable, increase in AP-1 activity. Furthermore, addition of sodium butyrate or 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to HL-60 cells induced the expression of c-fos, c-jun, jun B and jun D proto-oncogenes. In contrast, when HL-60 cells were treated with retinoic acid, a granulocytic differentiation inducer, no enhanced AP-1 binding activity was observed, and only a weak increase in jun D mRNA level was detected. These data indicate that formation of AP-1 is not required for the induction of HL-60 differentiation towards granulocytes, whereas induction of monocytic differentiation is correlated with an increase in AP-1 activity. The differential expression of AP-1 activity may be critical in the differentiation of HL-60 cells towards monocytic or granulocytic lineages.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, C.S.I.C., Veláquez, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mollinedo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gajate
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tugores
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Naranjo
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002087:Butyrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D020148:Butyric Acid; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D016762:Genes, fos; D016758:Genes, jun; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002087:Butyrates; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020148:Butyric Acid; D014212:Tretinoin; D002117:Calcitriol; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide