title: Hypothalamic and pituitary pathology.
abstract: This article details the intricate anatomy and elegant physiology of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The discussion is meant to confer an understanding of the principles of neuroendocrinology appropriate for the radiologist interpreting imaging studies of this region. The clinical presentations of the diseases that occur in this area of the central nervous system are unique and therefore are discussed in some detail. The radiologic features of the diseases affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary axis are described and correlated with the relevant pathology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego.
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Newton
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000293:Adolescent; D003397:Craniopharyngioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004393:Dwarfism, Pituitary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004407:Dysgerminoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004652:Empty Sella Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006222:Hamartoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007029:Hypothalamic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008579:Meningioma / Q000473:pathology; D010900:Pituitary Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary; D011859:Radiography