title: Study of infection with HIV and related risk factors in young offenders' institution.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the prevalence of infection with HIV in young offenders in Scotland and to obtain information about related risk factors and previous tests for HIV.
  
  
  METHODS
  Voluntary anonymous study with subjects giving saliva samples for testing for HIV and completing questionnaires about risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Polmont Young Offenders' Institution near Falkirk, Scotland.
  
  
  METHODS
  421 of 424 available male prisoners in Polmont. The questionnaires of 17 of the prisoners were excluded because of inaccuracies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prevalence of infection with HIV and related risk behaviour.
  
  
  RESULTS
  68 (17%) of prisoners admitted misuse of intravenous drugs, of whom 17 (25%) admitted having injected drugs while in prison. Three subjects admitted having anal intercourse while in prison. Prevalence of misuse of intravenous drugs varied geographically: 28% (33/120) of prisoners from Glasgow compared with 9% (7/81) of those from Edinburgh and Fife. A high level of heterosexual activity was reported, with 36% (142/397) of prisoners claiming to have had six or more female sexual partners in the year before they were imprisoned. Altogether 8% (32/389) of prisoners had previously taken a personal test for HIV: 50% (9/18) of those who had started misusing intravenous drugs before 1989, 18% (9/49) of those who started misuse later, and only 4% (14/322) of those who had not misused intravenous drugs. No saliva sample tested positive for antibodies to HIV, but 96 prisoners requested a confidential personal test for HIV as a result of heightened awareness generated by the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Voluntary, anonymous HIV surveys can achieve excellent compliance in prisons, and the interest generated by the study suggests that prisons may be suitable sites for providing education and drug rehabilitation for a young male population at high risk of future infection with HIV.
authors.affiliation: Immunology Department, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bird
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Gore
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Duggie
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011329:Prisoners; D012307:Risk Factors; D012606:Scotland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012747:Sexual Partners; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology