title: Prednisolone acetate or prednisolone phosphate concurrently administered with ciprofloxacin for the therapy of experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis.
abstract: This study was conducted to determine the therapeutic efficacy of 3.0 mg/ml ciprofloxacin administered concurrently with one of two salts of prednisolone for the treatment of experimental pseudomonal keratitis. Rabbit corneas were injected intrastromally with Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC strain 27853. Sixteen hr after injection, rabbits were randomly divided into four treatment groups (3 rabbits, 6 eyes per group): 1) ciprofloxacin plus prednisolone acetate; 2) ciprofloxacin plus prednisolone phosphate; 3) ciprofloxacin only; 4) untreated. Signs of inflammation were graded in a masked fashion by slit lamp examination (SLE) and by estimating polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) numbers in corneas 27 hr after injection. SLE scores and PMN numbers were significantly lower (P < 0.02) in eyes receiving either salt of prednisolone plus ciprofloxacin compared to the untreated controls. In contrast, SLE scores and PMN numbers were not significantly different in eyes treated with ciprofloxacin alone, compared to untreated controls (P > 0.13). No viable bacteria were recovered from any eye treated with ciprofloxacin (groups 1, 2, and 3). Ciprofloxacin concentrations in the aqueous humor of eyes in groups 1, 2, and 3 were greater than 15-fold higher than the MIC for P. aeruginosa 27853. These results suggest that either salt of prednisolone, when combined with ciprofloxacin, reduces ocular inflammation without affecting the antimicrobial efficacy of the antibiotic.
authors.affiliation: Lions Eye Research Laboratories, Louisiana State University Medical Center School of Medicine, New Orleans 70112-2234.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hobden
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Engel
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Callegan
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: O'Callaghan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003320:Corneal Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; C009022:prednisolone phosphate; C009935:prednisolone acetate; D011239:Prednisolone