title: Effects of nivalenol on hepatic drug-metabolizing activity in rats.
abstract: Effects of nivalenol (NIV), a trichothecene mycotoxin, on hepatic drug-metabolizing activity and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) metabolism were investigated in male rats. In rats fed the diets containing 6-12 ppm NIV for 2 or 4 wk, decreases in initial feed uptake, terminal weight gain and organ weights were evident. An increase in cytochrome P-450 activity was observed in the hepatic microsomes, and Western blot analysis revealed a transient increase in P4502B1/2, together with a slight induction of P4501A2. The activity of cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes was also enhanced in the rats, and Western blot analysis demonstrated an elevation of GST 1-2. The formation of aflatoxin B1-DNA adducts (AFB1-DNA) was increased in experiments using hepatic microsomal preparations from rats fed the NIV diet, whereas supplementation with cytosol prepared from NIV-treated rats reduced the microsomal potential for adduct formation. In in vivo experiments, the AFB1-DNA concentration in NIV-treated rats was lower than that in the controls. These results suggest that activities of cytochrome P-450 and GST enzymes were increased in rats fed NIV for several weeks. Alteration of these phase I and phase 2 enzyme levels resulted in the modulation of AFB1 adduction to DNA in vitro and in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Microbial Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yabe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sekijima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Degawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueno
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014255:Trichothecenes; C038405:nivalenol; D004247:DNA; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D016604:Aflatoxin B1; D005982:Glutathione Transferase