title: Phenomenological differences of hallucinations between schizophrenic patients in Penang & Kelantan.
abstract: Two hundred and seventy patients with schizophrenia (104 patients in Kelantan and 166 patients in Penang) were interviewed using the Present State Examination to elicit the differences in the phenomenology of their hallucinations. The results indicate that there are significant differences in the phenomenology of hallucinations between the Malays of Penang and Kelantan and also among some Chinese patients. These findings indicate that culture does affect the phenomenology of schizophrenia, even among people of the same race but of different regions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Darul Naim.
authors.forename: M Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Azhar
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Varma
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Hakim
mesh_terms: D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology