title: DNA screening for breast/ovarian cancer susceptibility based on linked markers. A family study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Linkage to chromosome 17q has been identified in hereditary breast cancer and hereditary breast/ovarian cancer syndrome. A hereditary breast/ovarian cancer syndrome kindred was identified that yielded a highly significant lod score (4.20) when 17q markers were studied, enabling us to identify those who probably carried the cancer-associated gene among the high-risk members of the family.
  
  
  METHODS
  High-risk members of the hereditary breast/ovarian cancer syndrome kindred were offered counselling on the basis of 17q markers. Family members responding positively received one-to-one genetic counseling in a structured setting. Subjects were educated before disclosure, and the immediate impact of this information was assessed after disclosure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We provided genetic counseling on the basis of linkage findings to 32 relatives (four men and 28 women). Women who were told they were linkage positive expressed an increased motivation for surveillance and prophylactic surgery. Most women who were told they were linkage negative indicated that they would not proceed with prophylactic surgery but would continue careful surveillance. To date, there has been no evidence of serious emotional disturbances resulting from this disclosure. We believe that this experience can be used by cancer geneticists and physicians in developing protocols for genetic counseling in cancer-associated hereditary disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Physicians must understand current developments in cancer genetics and linkage so that they can be applied to genetic counseling and treatment of high-risk patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine/Public Health, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Neb.
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Conway
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Slominski-Caster
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Narod
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feunteun
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lenoir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D002886:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D005817:Genetic Counseling; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D008126:Lod Score; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009386:Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D010375:Pedigree; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers