title: Release of fluoride and other elements from light-cured glass ionomers in neutral and acidic conditions.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to measure the release of fluoride, sodium, silicon, calcium, strontium, and aluminum from light-cured glass ionomers. The materials tested were: (1) Baseline VLC thick mix; (2) Baseline VLC thin mix; (3) Fuji Lining LC; (4) Vitrebond; and (5) XR-Ionomer. A conventional glass ionomer, Ketac-FilAplicap, and a silver-reinforced glass ionomer, Ketac-Silver, were used as controls. Each test specimen was first stored for 16 days in de-ionized water, followed by a further 16 days in 0.01 mol/L lactic acid (pH 4.0); both solutions were replaced at predetermined intervals. After that, the specimens were immersed for up to 122 days in de-ionized water. During the immersion, light-cured glass ionomers showed considerable variation in the release of fluoride and other elements. In lactic acid, all cements eluted the matrix-forming cations, aluminum and calcium or strontium. This suggests that light-cured materials are as equally susceptible to erosion as are chemically cured glass ionomers. During the immersion, some of the light-cured materials showed a considerable weight gain.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, University of Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Forss
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000535:Aluminum / Q000032:analysis; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001322:Autoanalysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D016722:Cermet Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D003736:Dental Cavity Lining; D004566:Electrodes; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis*; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007773:Lactates; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008027:Light; D008298:Maleates / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry; D012825:Silicon / Q000032:analysis; D012964:Sodium / Q000032:analysis; D012995:Solubility; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D013324:Strontium / Q000032:analysis; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D016722:Cermet Cements; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D007773:Lactates; D008298:Maleates; D008689:Methacrylates; D011140:Polyurethanes; D014867:Water; C074807:BaseLine dental cement; C067790:Vitrabond; C070604:XR Bond; D019344:Lactic Acid; C037885:Fuji-ionomer; C040964:Ketac-Fil; D012964:Sodium; D000535:Aluminum; D005459:Fluorides; D002118:Calcium; D013324:Strontium; D012825:Silicon