title: Protective effect of topically applied fluoride in relation to fluoride sensitivity of mutans streptococci.
abstract: The aim of the present in vitro experiments was to determine whether the protection of enamel by topically applied fluoride against demineralization by bacterial acids would depend on the fluoride sensitivity of the bacteria. Glucose-agarose gel suspensions of fluoride-sensitive and fluoride-resistant mutans streptococci were placed on bovine enamel specimens with different amounts of fluoride. One group of specimens was untreated, a second group had been pretreated with a F-lacquer, and a third group had been pretreated with the F-lacquer and rinsed subsequently with a KOH-solution, to remove deposited CaF2. After 22-hour incubations at 37 degrees C, the amounts of calcium and lactate and the pH of the agarose gels were determined. This procedure was repeated on three consecutive days. Two parent S. mutans strains, one parent S. sobrinus strain, and five fluoride-resistant derivatives were tested. Both pretreatments gave a significant protection to the enamel specimens. For the S. mutans strains, the degree of protection did not depend on the fluoride sensitivity of the strains. For the S. sobrinus strains, the results suggested a reduced protection against demineralization by the fluoride-resistant derivatives. Only from the second group of enamel specimens was enough fluoride released for inhibition of bacterial metabolism. Presumably, it was released by the dissolution of CaF2. It is concluded that a possible adaptation of mutans streptococci in dental plaque to frequent exposures to fluoride will not necessarily decrease the caries-preventive effects caused by topically applied fluoride agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van Loveren
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Buijs
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: ten Cate
mesh_terms: D000220:Adaptation, Biological; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000517:prevention & control; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006878:Hydroxides; D007773:Lactates / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019344:Lactic Acid; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011188:Potassium; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D012821:Silanes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016986:Streptococcus sobrinus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D006878:Hydroxides; D007773:Lactates; D011140:Polyurethanes; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D012821:Silanes; D019344:Lactic Acid; C022599:Fluor Protector; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium; C029943:potassium hydroxide