title: Trans-azetidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid activates neuronal metabotropic receptors.
abstract: The expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in primary cultures of cerebellar granule neurones can be: (i) modulated by the degree of depolarization during the culture period, rendering neurones differently sensitive to agonist-stimulated inositol phosphate (IP) hydrolysis; (ii) down-regulated by specific mGluR agonists. In this culture the new rigid glutamate analogue, (+/-)-trans-azetidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid (t-ADA) and the known mGluR agonist 1S,3R-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (1S,3R-ACPD) stimulated IP formation in line with the depolarization-modified expression of mGluR1. However, the two compounds caused different patterns of mGluR down-regulation. The effects of t-ADA and 1S,3R-ACPD were also tested on transformed human embryonic kidney 293 cells transfected with mGluR1. Only 1S,3R-ACPD, but not t-ADA, stimulated IP hydrolysis, suggesting that t-ADA acts on a subtype of metabotropic receptors different from mGluR1. Hence, t-ADA might prove useful in differentiating the function of various mGluR subtypes.
authors.affiliation: Fidia Research Laboratories, Abano Terme, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Favaron
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Manev
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Candeo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arban
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gabellini
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Kozikowski
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Manev
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001383:Azetidinecarboxylic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D003515:Cycloleucine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007295:Inositol Phosphates / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D007295:Inositol Phosphates; D009498:Neurotoxins; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D003515:Cycloleucine; C036361:1-amino-1,3-dicarboxycyclopentane; C083095:azetidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid; D001383:Azetidinecarboxylic Acid; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D004247:DNA