title: Altered production of PGE2, IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha by peripheral blood monocytes from HIV-positive individuals at early stages of HIV infection.
abstract: We analyzed the in vitro synthesis and release of PGE2, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha by peripheral blood monocytes from HIV-infected injection drug users at the early clinical stages of HIV infection. We investigated whether there is a concomitant altered production of PGE2 and proinflammatory cytokines by HIV-positive monocytes. We also evaluated T-cell subsets and lymphocyte transformation response to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) in HIV-positive patients and healthy controls. PGE2 and IL-1 beta levels in supernatants from monocyte cultures were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA), and TNF-alpha by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Monocytes from asymptomatic HIV-positive individuals produced spontaneous and significantly increased quantities of PGE2, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha. Concomitant increased production of PGE2 and IL-1 beta by monocytes from HIV-positive asymptomatic patients was significantly associated with low CD4+ T-cell numbers (< 500 cells/mm3). We also found a strong association between spontaneous and concomitantly increased production of PGE2 and cytokines by monocytes from asymptomatic HIV-positive individuals and a low lymphocyte transformation response to PWM. Further studies are necessary to establish whether this altered production of PGE2 and proinflammatory cytokines by monocytes from HIV-positive individuals might play a role in the mechanisms involved in the progressive impairment of cell-mediated immunity in HIV infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Longo
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zabay
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sempere
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernández-Cruz
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D015232:Dinoprostone; D007213:Indomethacin