Cadmium-induced changes of antioxidant and metabolic status in red blood cells of rats: in vivo effects.
Chronic exposure of adult rats to dietary intake of cadmium (15 mg CdCl2/day/kg for 30 days) leads to development of anemia and thrombocytosis. Anemia is characterized by significant reticulocytosis (13.1 +/- 1.0%), anysocytosis, poikilocytosis, iron deficiency and marked alterations of antioxidant and metabolic status of red blood cells. Activities of SOD, catalase, GPx and GR were significantly increased in red blood cells of cadmium-treated rats. In treated animals cadmium induced an increase of red cell reduced and oxidized glutathione with no changes of GSSG/GSH ratio. However, significant reduction of lipid peroxidation was found. Plasma levels of tocopherol and ascorbate, as well as activity of glutathione-S-transferase, were all significantly increased in cadmium-treated rats. The energy metabolism of red blood cells was deeply altered in cadmium-treated rats. The levels of ATP, ADP, AMP and TAN were significantly increased while ATP/ADP ratio and adenylate energy charge (AEC) were significantly reduced. The level of 2,3-BPG was somewhat lower, but 2,3-BPG/Hb ratio was considerably higher, in red blood cells of cadmium-treated rats.
Kostić
M M
MM
Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kragujevac, Yugoslavia.
Ognjanović
B
B
Dimitrijević
S
S
Zikić
R V
RV
Stajn
A
A
Rosić
G L
GL
Zivković
R V
RV
D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000097:blood; D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D002104:Cadmium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000097:blood; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D013922:Thrombocytosis / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood
D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D000975:Antioxidants; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D002104:Cadmium; D014810:Vitamin E; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid