title: Models of cognitive deficit and statistical hypotheses: multiple sclerosis, an example.
abstract: The purpose of the current study was to describe four models of cognitive deficit and to outline the statistical hypotheses underlying each model. The four models of cognitive deficit were (a) specific deficit; (b) subgroup deficit; (c) a syndrome dissociation model; and (d) a global function dissociation model. Neuropsychological data are analyzed to examine each of these four models in a sample of mild Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. The results suggest that for these subjects and tests, the specific deficit model best fits the data. The results are reviewed initially in the context of MS. There follows a consideration of statistical caveats and finally, general applications of the proposed procedures.
authors.affiliation: University of British Columbia, Department of Psychiatry, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Klonoff
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paty
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D013223:Statistics as Topic