title: Heparin sulfate in the stone matrix and its inhibitory effect on calcium oxalate crystallization.
abstract: The nature of the soluble stone matrix and its possible role in urinary stone formation was studied. For this purpose we performed two-dimensional cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis of the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) which were contained in the soluble stone matrix, substances adsorbed onto calcium oxalate crystals in vitro (crystal surface binding substances, CSBS) and urinary macromolecules (UMMs). The main GAG in the soluble stone matrix and CSBS was found to be heparan sulfate, whereas the UMMs contained various GAGs usually seen in urine. An inhibition assay showed the soluble stone matrix to have the strongest inhibitory activity among these macromolecular substances when inhibitory activity was expressed in terms of uronic acid concentration. It is suggested that the main GAG in the soluble stone matrix consists of heparan sulfate, which has a strong inhibitory activity on calcium oxalate crystal growth and aggregation and constitutes part of the CSBS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osafune
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okuyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sonoda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000737:chemistry*; D003460:Crystallization; D004588:Electrophoresis, Cellulose Acetate; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008297:Male; D012995:Solubility; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000378:metabolism*; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D046911:Macromolecular Substances