title: Hardiness, stress, and burnout among intensive care nurses.
abstract: The purposes of this study were to determine whether hardiness is a predictor of burnout and whether it can buffer the effect of stress on burnout. Thirty-one registered nurses who work in intensive care units completed the Hardiness test, the Nursing Stress scale, and the Tedium scale. Descriptive statistics, correlational statistics, t tests, analysis of variance, and hierarchical multiple regressions were used to analyze the data. Results indicated that hardiness and burnout had a significant inverse relationship (r = 0.66). Stress and the stress-hardiness interaction term accounted for 29% of the variance in burnout scores. This study found hardiness to be a predictor of burnout and a buffer in the stress-burnout relationship. Furthermore, the relationship between hardiness and stress was found to be stronger than that between stress and burnout. Further study is needed to verify that hardiness is a stress mediator in nursing and to determine how to best promote hardiness in nurses.
authors.affiliation: University of South Alabama Medical Center Burn Center, Mobile.
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Blache
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ralph
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luterman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002053:Burn Units; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology*; D010551:Personality; D011581:Psychological Tests; D012307:Risk Factors