title: Liver transplantation for acute hepatic failure: a review of clinical experience and management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this review was to examine and describe the clinical experience and outcomes of liver transplantation in humans for acute fulminant hepatic failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  A review of the literature since 1980 using Medline was done to identify clinical reports including case study reports.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical reports were included if they stated the number of patients in a given time frame who were evaluated and/or received a transplant for acute hepatic failure and any other outcome data such as the number of those who recovered without a transplant and who died in the operative period. Twenty-two reports were identified that met the selection criteria. Data were reported inconsistently. No ex post facto reports that examined factors relevant to clinical outcomes were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute hepatic failure is considered an acceptable indication for liver transplantation based on the opinions expressed by the leading experts in the field as currently reported in the literature and at professional meetings. Data is limited, however, on outcomes and factors contributing to successful outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nursing, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Ga. 30322.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ciferni
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D006501:Hepatic Encephalopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000451:nursing / Q000601:surgery*; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality / Q000451:nursing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome