Risk factors for extended disruption of family function after severe injury to a child.
OBJECTIVE
To identify risk factors for long-lasting disruption of family function following pediatric trauma that can be measured at the time of trauma.


METHODS
Prospective, exploratory study. Personal interviews were conducted at the time of admission and 6 months and 1 year after discharge.


METHODS
Level I regional pediatric trauma centre.


METHODS
One hundred and five families (86% of those eligible) with a child admitted to hospital for severe trauma with an Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score of 4 or higher or with two or more injuries in different body parts and AIS scores of 2 or higher were recruited; 13 families were lost to follow-up at 6 months or 1 year, so their data were not included in the analyses.


METHODS
Family function status (normal or abnormal compared with function before the injury), demographic characteristics of the parents and child, injury severity, presence of maternal psychologic disorder, presence of child behaviour abnormality and functional status of the child.


RESULTS
At 6 months and at 1 year 41 families (45%) and 21 families (23%) respectively reported that their family lives had not returned to normal. The relative odds for disruption of family life were about five times higher (95% confidence limits [CL] 1.4 and 19.7) and four times higher (95% CL 1.1 and 14.0) for single-parent families than for families with married parents living together at 6 months and 1 year respectively. The presence of maternal psychologic disorders at admission and increased age of the injured child were also significantly associated with extended disruption of family function. Injury severity and functional status at discharge were not good predictors of family function.


CONCLUSIONS
Severe injury to a child places a heavy strain on normal family function. In particular, single parents and parents experiencing mental or emotional problems at the acute stage of the injury need help in coping with their reactions to the trauma and may benefit from individual or group counseling.
Hu
X
X
Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON.
Wesson
D E
DE
Kenney
B D
BD
Chipman
M L
ML
Spence
L J
LJ
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005191:Family Characteristics; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008016:Life Change Events; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000523:psychology*