title: Reactivation of transcription from a vaccinia virus early promoter late in infection.
abstract: We have studied the kinetics of RNA synthesis from the vaccinia virus 7,500-molecular-weight gene (7.5K gene) which is regulated by early and late promoters arranged in tandem. Unexpectedly, after a first burst of RNA synthesis early in infection, transcription was reactivated late in infection. Reactivation was not dependent on the location of the promoter in the genome or on the presence of the upstream late regulatory sequences. The mRNA synthesized from the reactivated promoter in the late phase had the same 5' and 3' ends as the molecules transcribed in the early phase. Interestingly, these molecules were efficiently translated despite the absence of the poly(A) leader characteristic of late mRNAs. Reactivation appears to be dependent on virus assembly since it is prevented by rifampin, a specific inhibitor of morphogenesis. Finally, analysis of various other early genes showed that reactivation is not unique to the 7.5K early promoter.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Animale, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garcés
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masternak
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kunz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wittek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000187:drug effects; D005814:Genes, Viral; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D010957:Plasmids; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase; D012293:Rifampin