title: A high throughput fluorogenic substrate for interstitial collagenase (MMP-1) and gelatinase (MMP-9).
abstract: Two members of the matrix metalloproteinase family of enzymes, interstitial collagenase and 92-kDa gelatinase, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and tumor metastasis. In order to characterize the activities of these enzymes, we have developed a fluorogenic peptide substrate which is efficiently hydrolyzed by both enzymes. This substrate was developed based on the addition of the fluorescent tag, N-methyl-anthranilic acid (Nma), to several previously synthesized substrates that had been evaluated with respect to their turnover by interstitial collagenase. One substrate, Dnp-Pro-Cha-Gly-Cys(Me)-His-Ala-Lys-(Nma)-NH2, had favorable solubility characteristics, was > 98% quenched, and produced a single cleavage product, Dnp-Pro-Cha-Gly, with a high fluorescence yield with both interstitial collagenase and 92-kDa gelatinase. Since the assay depends on measurement of increases in fluorescence, the position of the Nma group also proved to be important for optimization of the fluorescence signal. The assay is free from interference by organomercurial compounds and the cleavage product has excitation and emission spectra compatible with filters commonly available on commercial plate readers. The assay has been adapted to a 96-well format and provides a rapid screening protocol for the evaluation of inhibitors of these enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Glaxo Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Bickett
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dezube
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Howe
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: McGeehan
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D017364:Collagenases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000201:enzymology; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D009842:Oligopeptides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D017364:Collagenases; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1