title: Identification of xanthine oxidase activity following reperfusion in human tissue.
abstract: In this series of experiments, we surveyed xanthine oxidase activity after microvascular transfer in the venous effluent after reperfusion of human rectus abdominis muscle (n = 8) and jejunum (n = 4). Enzyme activity was correlated with duration of ischemia and biochemical markers of cellular injury. Xanthine oxidase (XO) activity was measured spectrofluorometrically using a pterin assay, whereas cellular injury was measured with commercial creatinine phosphokinase activity assay and lipid peroxidation products using a spectrophotometer. The data demonstrated that XO activity was statistically significantly increased in muscle flaps kept at room temperature during ischemia compared with muscle flaps that were cooled (p < 0.05). Creatinine phosphokinase activity was also increased after 15 minutes of reperfusion in muscle flaps that were not cooled (p < 0.05). Two of the jejunal free flaps had ischemia times of > 1 hour and had elevated XO activity after reperfusion despite cooling (p < 0.05). Two other jejunal flaps had ischemia times of < 1 hour, but in one case, the XO activity was increased before harvest. The other case had no increase in XO activity.
authors.affiliation: Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Wilkins
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rees
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cashmer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Punch
authors.forename: G O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Till
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000098:blood supply / Q000637:transplantation; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007583:Jejunum / Q000098:blood supply / Q000637:transplantation; D007869:Leg Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D016462:Mammaplasty; D010610:Pharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000502:physiology*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; D003402:Creatine Kinase