title: Artificial disc replacement. Preliminary report with a 3-year minimum follow-up.
abstract: Artificial disc replacement was performed in six patients with an average age of 55 years and average follow-up of 3.4 years. Four of the six patients had juxtafusion degeneration, one had multilevel disc degeneration, and one patient had isolated disc resorption. The Acroflex disc (Acromed Corporation, Cleveland, OH), which was used in the replacement, is composed of a rubber core vulcanized to two titanium end plates. The latter have superior posts to provide for initial mechanical fixation and porous in-growth surfaces for long-term fixation. Satisfactory results occurred in four of six patients. Poor results occurred in the presence of deformity that resulted in prosthetic failure and isolated disc resorption. There was an average 8 degrees angular and 2.3-mm translational movement and satisfactory in-growth at all interfaces. Design objectives of endurance, biocompatibility, geometry, kinematics, constraint, dynamics, stability, and fail-safe were met; however, this study is preliminary in nature.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Spine and Arthritis Center, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ohio.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Enker
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steffee
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mcmillin
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Keppler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Biscup
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007403:Intervertebral Disc; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011108:Polymers; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011108:Polymers; C009889:hexsyn; D014025:Titanium