title: Surgical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. Technical variations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effectiveness of the two basic surgical types of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP), as classified by us. The two basic surgical variations of UPPP differ for the width of the anteroposterior palatal resection, being 1 to 2 cm (type 1) and 0.5 to 1.0 cm (type 2).
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-seven patients with obstructive sleep apnea hospitalized in our department from 1983 to 1991. All patients had a complete preoperative and postoperative polysomnographic evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The operation was found to be an effective treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in most patients. Snoring improvement was found in 95% (29/31) of patients with type 1 UPPP and in 96% (54/56) of the patients with type 2 UPPP, whereas, apnea index improvement was detected in 65% (20/31) of the patients with type 1 UPPP vs 64% (36/56) of the patients with type 2 UPPP. Postoperative dysphagia was found in 94% (29/31) vs 79% (44/56), P = .0025; nasal reflux was found in 81% (25/31) vs 11% (6/56), P = .0001; and hypernasality was found in 100% (31/31) vs 13% (7/56), P = .0001, in type 1 and type 2 UPPP operations, respectively. Chi-square analysis shows highly significant differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Type 2 UPPP is the recommended surgical procedure of obstructive sleep apnea, mainly due to the minimal postoperative morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Golda Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, Petah-Tiqva, Israel.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zohar
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Finkelstein
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strauss
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shvilli
mesh_terms: D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008722:Methods; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000601:surgery; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010159:Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D010160:Palate, Soft / Q000601:surgery; D010609:Pharyngeal Muscles / Q000601:surgery; D010614:Pharynx / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012913:Snoring / Q000601:surgery; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D014068:Tonsillectomy; D014609:Uvula / Q000601:surgery*