title: Effect of combined modality therapy on the surgical management of locally advanced rectal carcinoma.
abstract: The treatment of locally advanced rectal carcinoma is one of the more complicated problems in the management of colorectal carcinoma. More than any other site successful treatment requires a multimodality approach as surgery alone is frequently insufficient to completely eradicate all disease. This review focuses primarily on the management of patients who present without prior treatment and discusses the role of preoperative radiation therapy as well as intraoperative radiation therapy. Although much less gratifying, patients who present after failing previous therapy may also benefit from an aggressive multimodality approach.
authors.affiliation: Joint Center for Radiation Therapy, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Busse
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jessup
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cady
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bothe
authors.forename: W V
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Steele
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*