Nine-year follow-up study of a plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine in a rural African setting.
One hundred and one of 255 recipients of a plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine were evaluated in 1990, 9 years after the first vaccine dose in a study in Zambia to evaluate the efficacy of one, two, or three doses. In 1983, 2 years after the first vaccine dose, antibody to the hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) had been detectable in 90 of these 101 participants (89%). In 1990, anti-HBs was still detectable in 72 of 101 (71%), and was present at a protective level (> or = 10 mIU/mL) in 68 of 101 (67%). Although the original vaccine study elicited a protective level of antibody in a greater percentage of children and adolescents than in adults, there were no significant differences among the three groups at 9 years. (In 1990, anti-HBs was still detectable in 52 of 70 [74%] who had had no serologic markers of the hepatitis B virus in 1981, and a protective level was detected in 47 of 70 [67%].) A protective level of anti-HBs was detected in 1990 in 26 of 36 (72%) recipients of three doses and in 23 of 31 (74%) recipients of two doses; the slightly lower prevalence among recipients of one dose (19 of 34 [56%]) was not statistically significant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Tabor
E
E
National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Cairns
J
J
Gerety
R J
RJ
Bayley
A C
AC
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D015481:HTLV-I Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors; D015024:Zambia
D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015481:HTLV-I Antibodies; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines