title: Recovery of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in patients with rheumatic diseases receiving low-dose prednisone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the status of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in cortico-steroid-treated patients whose prednisone dose had been tapered to physiologic doses.
  
  
  METHODS
  The design of the study was a retrospective chart review of 50 consecutive patients receiving 10 mg or less of prednisone daily at a university teaching hospital rheumatology clinic. Patients were given a rapid adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test, with cortisol levels obtained at baseline and after intravenous administration of cosyntropin. Charts were reviewed for duration of therapy, highest, current, and total cumulative steroid dose, and average daily steroid dose in each month of the preceding 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Current steroid dose was the only significant indicator of HPA axis function. Patients receiving less than 5 mg of prednisone daily had a normal HPA axis response, whereas those receiving 5 mg or more had widely varied responses. Neither the total, the highest prednisone dose, nor the duration of therapy was a significant indicator of HPA axis recovery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spontaneous recovery of the HPA axis is usual for patients who are taking prednisone at daily doses of 5 mg or less. Return of normal HPA axis function can be achieved without alternate-day therapy in patients whose disease allows tapering to daily prednisone doses of 5 mg or less.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20037.
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: LaRochelle
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: LaRochelle
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Ratner
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Borenstein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000187:drug effects*; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D011241:Prednisone