title: Arousal training for children suffering from nocturnal enuresis: a 2 1/2 year follow-up.
abstract: Arousal Training is a fast, simple, and effective form of bibliotherapy for nocturnal enuresis with non-clinical children between 6 and 12 years of age. The parents act as therapists. They reward the operant behavior-pattern following the urine alarm. The success rate is 98% (N = 41), which is significantly high when compared to the control conditions (79%, N = 86). There was a response rate of 100% and no drop-out from therapy. All parents (N = 127) completed and returned the record. The results of a follow-up of this bibliotherapy (N = 113) 2 1/2 years later are presented. The success rate of Arousal Training was still significantly higher (92% continent) when compared to the urine device with specific instructions (77%) and urine alarm only (72%). Arousal Training is the treatment of choice for non-clinical enuretic children between 6 and 12 years of age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Studies, University Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Londen
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: van Londen-Barentsen
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: van Son
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Mulder
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D001638:Bibliotherapy; D002648:Child; D003216:Conditioning, Operant; D004775:Enuresis / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence