Regulation of natural killer cell activity by transforming growth factor-beta and prostaglandin E2.
The separate and combined effects of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and prostaglandin E2 on human natural killer (NK) activity were studied. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and large granular lymphocytes (LGL, 70-90% purity) were used as effector cells and K562 as targets. Overnight incubation of the effector cells with TGF-beta 1 resulted in a significant inhibition of NK activity. TGF-beta 1 did not influence the expression of CD3, CD16, CD18 or CD56 antigens on PBL. Combination of TGF-beta 1 with indomethacin gave the same NK-suppressive effect as TGF-beta 1 alone, showing that the inhibition of NK activity by TGF-beta 1 is not due to an increase in PGE2 levels. TGF-beta did not influence cAMP level in PBL whereas PGE2 significantly increased it. On the other hand, TGF-beta 1 and PGE2 showed an additive inhibitory effect on NK activity. TGF-beta 1 did not reduce the binding of PBL and LGL to K562. PGE2 suppressed the binding and TGF-beta 1 did not influence this suppression. TGF-beta 1 also suppressed IL-2-induced activation of NK activity and increase of expression of the granule proteins granzyme A and perforin. PGE2 did not appear to affect granzyme A and perforin contents. The results indicate that TGF-beta 1 and PGE2 suppress NK activity by different mechanisms.
Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
A M
AM
Malygin
S
S
Meri
T
T
Timonen
D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000032:analysis; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053804:Granzymes; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D054353:Perforin; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000032:analysis; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*
D007376:Interleukin-2; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D054353:Perforin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D053804:Granzymes; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C509212:GZMA protein, human; D015232:Dinoprostone