Criterion validity of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in a population sample from an American Indian village.
The criterion validity of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is examined in 120 adult Northwest Coast American Indians. The criterion was a DSM-III-R diagnosis derived from the Lifetime version of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. Sensitivity for major depression was 100% (95% confidence limits 36%, 100%); specificity was 82.1% (75.1%; 89%). For a broad category of depressive disorders (n = 9), sensitivity was 77.8% and specificity was 84.7%. Cut points based on receiver operating characteristic analyses did not greatly improve the performance of the CES-D. The use of factor scores instead of total scores made little difference.
National Center for American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262.
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PD
Somervell
J
J
Beals
J D
JD
Kinzie
J
J
Boehnlein
P
P
Leung
S M
SM
Manson
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014861:Washington / Q000453:epidemiology