Embryo reduction in triplet pregnancies after assisted procreation: a comparative study.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate pregnancy outcome after selective embryo reduction by transcervical aspiration or transvaginal puncture and intrathoracal injection with potassium chloride (KCl) in triplet pregnancies occurring after assisted procreation and to compare this outcome with that for triplets not undergoing embryo reduction.


METHODS
Retrospective case series.


METHODS
In vitro fertilization program of the Centre for Reproductive Medicine of the Dutch-speaking Brussels Free University, Belgium, which is a tertiary referral institution.


METHODS
Seventy-two patients presenting a triplet pregnancy after assisted procreation.


METHODS
Transcervical aspiration embryo reduction at 8 to 9 weeks of pregnancy or transvaginal puncture and intrathoracal injection of KCl at 9 to 10 weeks of pregnancy.


METHODS
Rate of spontaneous embryo reduction, complications relating to the procedure, pregnancy, and neonatal outcome.


RESULTS
The rate of spontaneous reduction was 18%. Among the 14 patients undergoing transcervical aspiration, 3 aborted and 4 lost an additional fetus. The transvaginal puncture technique had a lower complication rate (2/19). Neonatal outcome was improved in pregnancies after selective embryo reduction. After transvaginal puncture, the outcome was comparable with that for twin pregnancies after assisted procreation.


CONCLUSIONS
Triplet pregnancies after assisted procreation had a poor neonatal outcome. The outcome was improved after spontaneous reduction. Transcervical aspiration should not be used because of its high rate of early and late complications. Transvaginal puncture had less early complications, but the technique might be associated with prematurity and third trimester fetal death. In triplet pregnancies, embryo reduction decreases the number of babies going home per patient, but the quality of life of the remaining babies is improved.
Bollen
N
N
Centre for Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital, Dutch-speaking Brussels Free University (Vrije Universiteit Brussel), Belgium.
Camus
M
M
Tournaye
H
H
Wisanto
A
A
Van Steirteghem
A C
AC
Devroey
P
P
D000028:Abortion, Induced / Q000379:methods; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011272:Pregnancy, Multiple; D011677:Punctures; D012099:Reproductive Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013396:Suction; D014310:Triplets