Hypertension and pre-eclampsia in women with gestational glucose intolerance.
The relationship between pregnancy-induced hypertension (and pre-eclampsia) and gestational glucose intolerance was examined prospectively in 81 women with gestational diabetes mellitus. A borderline group consisted of 203 women with a single abnormal value on an oral glucose tolerance test. Controls consisted of 327 healthy women with normal glucose tolerance test at 28-32 weeks of gestation. The women with gestational diabetes were older (p < 0.01) and their prepregnancy weight and body mass index were higher (p < 0.001) than those in the control group. Also the women in the borderline group had higher prepregnancy weight (p < 0.01) and body mass index (p < 0.001) than the women in the control group. However, the pregnancy weight gain was lower in the gestational diabetics than in the control women (p < 0.001). Birth weight, birth trauma, low Apgar scores and hypoglycemia did not differ between the groups. However, hyperbilirubinemia occurred more frequently (28.4% vs. 3.7%, p < 0.001) in the gestational diabetics than in the controls. The frequency of both chronic hypertension (2.5% vs. 0.3%, p < 0.05) and pregnancy induced hypertension and pre-eclampsia (19.8% vs. 6.1%, p < 0.001) were higher in the gestational diabetes group, but not in the borderline group when compared with the controls.
Department I of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
L
L
Suhonen
K
K
Teramo
D000328:Adult; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies