Protection against pseudorabies virus infection by intranasal vaccination of newborn pigs.
Intranasal vaccination of newborn pigs with pseudorabies virus (PRV) strain Iowa S62/26 tk- gX- Bgal+ was evaluated to determine whether protective immunity could be stimulated in pigs given colostrum from immune sows. Three litters were vaccinated (2 litters from PRV-immune sows and 1 born to a PRV-free sow), and 2 were left as nonvaccinated controls (1 passively immune and 1 PRV-nonimmune). Pigs were then challenge-exposed at 15 weeks of age with virulent PRV strain 4892. Vaccinated pigs that suckled nonimmune sows developed serum PRV-neutralizing antibody by 15 weeks of age and did not die or have reduction in weight gain or febrile response after challenge exposure. Vaccinated pigs that suckled PRV-immune sows were seronegative for PRV at the time of challenge exposure and had less weight loss and fever than did challenge-exposed control pigs. Intranasal vaccination at birth did not stimulate adequate immunity to reduce virus shedding after challenge exposure in any of the vaccinated pigs.
Department of Food Animal and Equine Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27606.
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McCaw
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D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001831:Body Temperature; D001835:Body Weight; D011558:Herpesvirus 1, Suid / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000382:microbiology; D011557:Pseudorabies / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022421:Pseudorabies Vaccines; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D022421:Pseudorabies Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated