Factors associated with nicotine dependence among African American women cigarette smokers.
Cigarette smoking contributes to disproportionate morbidity and mortality among African Americans. Purposes of the study were to describe smoking behavior and test a model of nicotine dependence among African American women. Participants (n = 187) smoked a low rate of high nicotine mentholated cigarettes and had a mean salivary cotinine of 402 ng/mL. The proposed model predicted 48% of variance in nicotine dependence with smoking to cope, number of cigarettes/day, positive outcome expectancies about smoking, and interest in quitting, as significant contributors. Suggested interventions include developing alternative coping skills, cognitive restructuring, and techniques focused on the precontemplation stage of smoking cessation.
Ohio State University, College of Nursing, Columbus 43210-1289.
K
K
Ahijevych
M E
ME
Wewers
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003367:Cotinine / Q000032:analysis; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009042:Motivation; D009538:Nicotine; D010379:Peer Group; D011203:Poverty; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D012907:Smoking / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000523:psychology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000208:ethnology / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014930:Women / Q000523:psychology*
D009538:Nicotine; D003367:Cotinine