Divergent selection for growth in Japanese quail under split and complete nutritional environments. 7. Heterosis and combining ability among diallel crosses following twenty-seven generations of selection.
Growth patterns of quail lines divergently selected for 4-wk BW under split and complete nutrition environments were investigated utilizing a diallel mating scheme. The design, involving 16 mating combinations, allowed investigation of heterotic effects, reciprocal cross effects, and combining ability. Progeny from Generation 27 breeders were evaluated in two hatches under both selection diets. Heterosis for hatch weight was essentially zero; however, percentage heterosis from High x High crosses and Low x Low crosses ranged from 5 to 18% after 1 wk of age. Quail progeny from Low x High crosses were consistently larger than quail from reciprocal High x Low crosses under both selection diets. Reciprocal differences were greatest immediately posthatch and declined with age. However, in crosses involving males from High and Low split diet lines mated to females from High and Low complete diet lines, large reciprocal differences in BW remained at 8 wk. Mean heterosis values for BW across ages from crossing High and Low lines both within and across selection environments were negative in six of eight comparisons. Mean values ranged from +3 to -11% and indicated that greater selection responses may have been made in divergent selection for low 4-wk BW than for high BW. General combining ability of lines was greater when transmitted via females as opposed to males, and was similar under the two diets (split and complete). There was evidence that high-BW lines exhibited greater general combining ability under both dietary environments than did low-BW lines.
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-2772.
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D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000235:genetics*; D003370:Coturnix / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D005260:Female; D006823:Hybrid Vigor; D008297:Male