Plant and marine n-3 fatty acids inhibit experimental metastasis of rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells.
The effectiveness of dietary n-3 plant and marine fatty acids and n-6 gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) was tested as an antimetastatic modality in the experimental model of metastasis of 13762MAT:B mammary adenocarcinoma cells. Weanling female Fischer 344 rats were placed on one of the following diets: 1-23.52% blackcurrant oil (BCO), II-23.52% corn oil (CO), III-15.52% BCO + 8% fish oil (FO), IV-20.52% FO + 3% CO, and V-5% CO. After 8 weeks, 15 rats per group were injected i.v. with 10(5) cells and diets were continued until sacrifice. In the 23.52% CO group (II), the number of small (< 2 mm) and large (> 2 mm) lung metastatic foci and their total volume were significantly greater than the BCO- and/or FO-fed groups (I, II and IV). Although the number of small metastatic foci was comparable in the 5% and 23.52% CO groups, the number of large foci and the total tumor volume were reduced in the 5% CO group. These results suggest that, compared to a low-corn oil diet or a high-fat diet containing a mixture of marine and plant n-3 fatty acids plus n-6 GLA, a 23.52% corn oil diet can enhance experimental metastasis of mammary adenocarcinoma cells. Total number of metastatic foci and tumor volume were the smallest in group III, receiving a combination of plant and marine n-3 fatty acids.
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
R A
RA
Karmali
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L
Adams
J R
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Trout
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008042:Linolenic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D016019:Survival Analysis; D017965:gamma-Linolenic Acid
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D008042:Linolenic Acids; D010743:Phospholipids; D010938:Plant Oils; D017965:gamma-Linolenic Acid