Pediatric axis fractures: early halo immobilization, management and outcome.
Pediatric C-2 fractures have been managed with initial cranial skeletal tong traction or a period of bed rest for reduction and alignment followed by external and/or surgical stabilization. Thirteen children were managed with early halo orthosis to provide the initial reduction/alignment and to accomplish long-term stabilization. Eighty percent had fusion with the halo alone, and 20% went on to fuse after surgery. The average hospitalization for isolated C-2 injury was 10.6 days. Minor complications occurred in 46% of the patients. The literature is reviewed as to the management and outcome of pediatric axis fractures.
Mandabach
M
M
Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill.
Ruge
J R
JR
Hahn
Y S
YS
McLone
D G
DG
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009809:Odontoid Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D009989:Orthotic Devices; D011859:Radiography; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*