Risk of infection with bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV1): a review.
Bovine Herpes Virus 1 (BHV1) consists of three subtypes, which probably differ in their epizootiological characteristics. BHV1 subtypes 1 and 2a are mainly associated with the respiratory form of the disease (IBR), subtype 2b with IPV/IBP, and subtype 3 with encephalitis. BHV1 subtype 1 is excreted in high titres in nasal secretions and spreads more effectively than the other subtypes. Cattle are the only significant source of viral spread. Although other species may become infected, they probably do not contribute to the spread of BHV1. Airborne transmission or spread of the virus by humans is believed to be of minor importance.
Department of Large Animal Medicine and Nutrition, Veterinary Faculty, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
G H
GH
Wentink
J T
JT
van Oirschot
J
J
Verhoeff
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity; D007241:Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000635:transmission; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D009426:Netherlands; D012306:Risk; D014774:Virulence; D014775:Virus Activation