H+ countertransport and electrogenicity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump in reconstituted proteoliposomes.
The Ca2+ transport adenosine triphosphatase of sarcoplasmic reticulum was reconstituted in unilamellar liposomes prepared by reverse-phase evaporation. The size of the resulting proteoliposomes was similar to that of native sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles, but their protein content was much lower, with a protein/lipid ratio (wt/wt) of 1:40-160, as compared with 1:1 in the native membrane. The proteoliposomes sustained adenosine triphosphate-dependent Ca2+ uptake at rates proportional to the protein content (1-2 mumol Ca2+/mg protein/min), reaching asymptotic levels corresponding to a lumenal calcium concentration of 10-20 mM. The low permeability of the proteoliposomes permitted direct demonstration of Ca2+/H+ countertransport and electrogenicity by parallel measurements in the same experimental system. Countertransport of one H+ per one Ca2+ was demonstrated, and inhibition of the Ca2+ pump by lumenal alkalinization was relieved by the H+ ionophore carbonyl cyanide p-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone. Consistent with the countertransport stoichiometry, net positive charge displacement was produced by Ca2+ transport, as revealed by a rapid oxonol VI absorption rise. The initial rise and the following steady-state level of oxonol absorption were highest when SO4(2-) was the prevalent anion and lowest in the presence of the lipophilic anion SCN-. The influence of anions was attributed to potential driven counterion compensation. The absorption rise was rapidly collapsed by addition of valinomycin in the presence of K+. Experimentation with Ca2+ and H+ ionophores was consistent with a primary role of Ca2+ and H+ in net charge displacement. The estimated value of the steady-state electrical potential observed under optimal conditions was approximately 50 mV and was accounted for by the estimated charge transfer associated with Ca2+ and H+ countertransport under the same conditions.
Yu
X
X
Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore 21201.
Carroll
S
S
Rigaud
J L
JL
Inesi
G
G
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D001703:Biophysics; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000502:physiology*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004563:Electrochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D017136:Ion Transport; D007555:Isoxazoles; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D011510:Proteolipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D011522:Protons; D011817:Rabbits; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D013053:Spectrophotometry
D004396:Coloring Agents; D007555:Isoxazoles; D011510:Proteolipids; D011522:Protons; C020485:proteoliposomes; C031184:oxonol VI; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D002118:Calcium