Daily home spirometry facilitates early detection of rejection in single lung transplant recipients with emphysema.
Eight single lung transplant recipients with emphysema, aged 40-58 yrs, have been followed up for 90 patient months. Starting 2-4 weeks postoperatively, they recorded their forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), at a fixed time every morning using a Micro Spirometer. They were instructed to contact the hospital if the FVC or FEV1 displayed a persistent (two days or more) decrease of 10%, compared with the average values during the last seven days. Transbronchial biopsies (TBB) were performed regularly in the follow-up, and whenever the patients had respiratory symptoms, or the FVC or FEV1 displayed a persistent decline of more than 10%. We performed 59 TBBs, and 23 biopsy specimens showed rejection. The FVC and FEV1 values on the TBB day were compared with the mean values of the 7 previous days. FVC and FEV1, associated with negative TBBs (16 events), showed no significant changes. However, FVC and FEV1 decreased significantly (p < 0.001, paired t-test) during rejections (mean percentage change 14 and 21% respectively, range +8% to -53%). In 16 of the 23 rejections, the FEV1 decreased by > 10%. We recommend the use of daily home spirometry when monitoring single lung recipients with emphysema, and suggest that a persistent 10% decrease in FEV1 or FVC for at least two days is an indication for hospital admission and possible TBB.
Bjørtuft
O
O
Dept of Thoracic Medicine, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Norway.
Johansen
B
B
Boe
J
J
Foerster
A
A
Holter
E
E
Geiran
O
O
D000328:Adult; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006701:Home Nursing; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000601:surgery*; D013147:Spirometry; D014797:Vital Capacity