Vitamin D3 compounds regulate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in U937 monoblastoid cells and in monocyte-derived macrophages.
We studied the effects of vitamin D3 compounds on the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the monoblastoid cell line U937 and in primary monocyte-derived macrophage cultures to understand how modulators of monocyte/macrophage effector function might affect the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. U937 cell cultures exposed to 1, alpha 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 prior to HIV-1 infection showed enhanced virus replication that was apparently due to increased cellular resistance to viral cytopathic effects; a marked inhibition of virus replication was noted in cells exposed to 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 subsequent to infection. Exposure of blood-derived monocyte/macrophages to vitamin D3 compounds prior to infection also affected virus growth; in most cases, substantial inhibition of HIV-1 replication was noted in vitamin D3-treated macrophage cultures. Our results demonstrate that vitamin D3 compounds with recognized abilities to induce cellular differentiation can modulate HIV-1 infection of human macrophages.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
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Pauza
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Kornbluth
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Emau
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Richman
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Deftos
D002112:Calcifediol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
D002762:Cholecalciferol; D002117:Calcitriol; D002112:Calcifediol