Mapping of sites on the Src family protein tyrosine kinases p55blk, p59fyn, and p56lyn which interact with the effector molecules phospholipase C-gamma 2, microtubule-associated protein kinase, GTPase-activating protein, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.
Engagement of the B-cell antigen receptor complex induces immediate activation of receptor-associated Src family tyrosine kinases including p55blk, p59fyn, p53/56lyn, and perhaps p56lck, and this response is accompanied by tyrosine phosphorylation of distinct cellular substrates. These kinases act directly or indirectly to phosphorylate and/or activate effector proteins including p42 (microtubule-associated protein kinase) (MAPK), phospholipases C-gamma 1 (PLC gamma 1) and C-gamma 2 (PLC gamma 2), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-K), and p21ras-GTPase-activating protein (GAP). Although coimmunoprecipitation results indicate that the Src family protein tyrosine kinases interact physically with some of these effector molecules, the molecular basis of this interaction has not been established. Here, we show that three distinct sites mediate the interaction of these kinases with effectors. The amino-terminal 27 residues of the unique domain of p56lyn mediate association with PLC gamma 2, MAPK, and GAP. Binding to PI 3-K is mediated through the Src homology 3 (SH3) domains of the Src family kinases. Relatively small proportions of cellular PI 3-K, PLC gamma 2, MAPK, and GAP, presumably those which are tyrosine phosphorylated, bind to the SH2 domains of these kinases. Comparative analysis of binding activities of Blk, Lyn, and Fyn shows that these kinases differ in their abilities to associate with MAPK and PI 3-K, suggesting that they may preferentially bind and subsequently phosphorylate distinct sets of downstream effector molecules in vivo. Fast protein liquid chromatography Mono Q column-fractionated MAPK maintains the ability to bind bacterially expressed Lyn, suggesting that the two kinases may interact directly.
Pleiman
C M
CM
Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80206.
Clark
M R
MR
Gauen
L K
LK
Winitz
S
S
Coggeshall
K M
KM
Johnson
G L
GL
Shaw
A S
AS
Cambier
J C
JC
D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D051076:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019061:src-Family Kinases
D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D010770:Phosphotransferases; D011494:Protein Kinases; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C082599:protein-tyrosine kinase p55(blk); D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C494960:Fyn protein, mouse; D051076:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn; C060902:lyn protein-tyrosine kinase; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D010738:Type C Phospholipases