Protection against pseudorabies virus infection by intranasal vaccination of newborn pigs.
Intranasal vaccination of newborn pigs with pseudorabies virus (PRV) strain Iowa S62/26 tk- gX- Bgal+ was evaluated to determine whether protective immunity could be stimulated in pigs given colostrum from immune sows. Three litters were vaccinated (2 litters from PRV-immune sows and 1 born to a PRV-free sow), and 2 were left as nonvaccinated controls (1 passively immune and 1 PRV-nonimmune). Pigs were then challenge-exposed at 15 weeks of age with virulent PRV strain 4892. Vaccinated pigs that suckled nonimmune sows developed serum PRV-neutralizing antibody by 15 weeks of age and did not die or have reduction in weight gain or febrile response after challenge exposure. Vaccinated pigs that suckled PRV-immune sows were seronegative for PRV at the time of challenge exposure and had less weight loss and fever than did challenge-exposed control pigs. Intranasal vaccination at birth did not stimulate adequate immunity to reduce virus shedding after challenge exposure in any of the vaccinated pigs.
McCaw
M B
MB
Department of Food Animal and Equine Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27606.
Xu
J
J
D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001831:Body Temperature; D001835:Body Weight; D011558:Herpesvirus 1, Suid / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000382:microbiology; D011557:Pseudorabies / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022421:Pseudorabies Vaccines; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D022421:Pseudorabies Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated