A comparative evaluation of two sensitive serum neutralization tests for bovine herpesvirus-1 antibodies.
Two sensitive serum neutralization (SN) tests for the detection of antibodies to bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) in bovine sera were evaluated. Both SN tests used a 24 h incubation of test sera with 100 CCID50 of BHV-1 before the addition of susceptible cells. The tests differed in the presence (C test) or absence (D test) of complement and were compared with a standard 1 h incubation SN test and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Although the mean titer of the C test was twofold higher than the mean titer of the D test for 310 sera, the number of samples which were negative was not significantly different between tests. For 100 sera from herds with known reactors, which were negative in a 1 h incubation SN test, 32% tested positive in the C and D tests. Other investigations, including Western immunoblotting and radioimmune precipitation, suggest that the 24 h incubation tests produce some false positive results. In contrast, the 1 h incubation SN test and, to a much lesser extent, the ELISA appear to produce some false negative results. The C test was more sensitive than the D test for detecting an early immune response after experimental infection.
Agriculture Canada, Animal Diseases Research Institute, Lethbridge, Alberta.
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Deregt
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Kozub
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002417:Cattle; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000276:immunology*; D007241:Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009500:Neutralization Tests / Q000662:veterinary*; D015531:Radioimmunoprecipitation Assay; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D000914:Antibodies, Viral