Development of candidates for new type 2 and type 3 oral poliovirus vaccines.
Monkey neurovirulence tests on in vitro recombinant viruses between the virulent Mahoney and the attenuated Sabin 1 strains of type 1 poliovirus revealed that a strong neurovirulence determinant(s) resided in the 5' non-coding sequence of the genome and that the surface structure of the virion particle had a little correlation with the neurovirulence or attenuation phenotype. The results suggested that new and safer vaccine strains of type 2 and type 3 polioviruses may be constructed in vitro by replacing the sequence encoding the antigenic determinants in viral capsid proteins of the Sabin 1 genome by the corresponding sequences of the type 2 and type 3 genome, respectively, because the Sabin 1 strain is the safest vaccine among the Sabin strains. We have constructed recombinant viruses, PV1/2 (SS)BB and PV1/3(SS)BN, as vaccine candidates for type 2 and type 3 oral poliovirus vaccines respectively. These recombinant viruses were fully viable and showed antigenicities and immunogenicities identical to those of type 2 and type 3 polioviruses respectively. The monkey neurovirulence tests performed on these recombinant viruses suggest that the recombinant viruses are possible candidates for new type 2 and type 3 poliovirus vaccine strains.
Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Japan.
M
M
Kohara
S
S
Abe
I
I
Yoshioka
A
A
Nomoto
D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D002213:Capsid / Q000235:genetics; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D010641:Phenotype; D011051:Poliomyelitis / Q000209:etiology; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral / Q000633:toxicity; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D012449:Safety; D012703:Serotyping; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral