A mnemonical or negative-co-operativity model for the activation of adenylate cyclase by a common G-protein-coupled calcitonin-gene-related neuropeptide (CGRP)/amylin receptor.
Both amylin and calcitonin-gene-related neuropeptide (CGRP) activated adenylate cyclase activity in hepatocyte membranes around 5-fold in a dose-dependent fashion, with EC50 values of 120 +/- 14 and 0.3 +/- 0.14 nM respectively. Whereas amylin exhibited normal activation kinetics (Hill coefficient, h approximately 1), CGRP showed kinetics indicative of either multiple sites/receptor species having different affinities for this ligand or a single receptor species exhibiting apparent negative co-operativity (h approximately 0.21). The CGRP antagonist CGRP-(8-37)-peptide inhibited adenylate cyclase stimulated by EC50 concentrations of either amylin or CGRP. Inhibition by CGRP-(8-37) was selective in that markedly lower concentrations were required to block the action of amylin (IC50 = 3 +/- 1 nM) compared with that of CGRP itself (IC50 = 120 +/- 11 nM). Dose-effect data for inhibition of CGRP action by CGRP-(8-37) showed normal saturation kinetics (h approximately 1), whereas CGRP-(8-37) inhibited amylin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in a fashion which was indicative of either multiple sites or apparent negative co-operativity (h approximately 0.24). Observed changes in the kinetics of inhibition by CGRP-(8-37) of CGRP, but not amylin-stimulated adenylate cyclase, at concentrations of agonists below their EC50 values militated against a model of two distinct populations of non-interacting receptors each able to bind both amylin and CGRP. A kinetic model is proposed whereby a single receptor, capable of being activated by both CGRP and amylin, obeys either a mnemonical kinetic mechanism or one of negative co-operativity with respect to CGRP but not to amylin. The relative merits of these two models are discussed together with a proposal suggesting that the activation of adenylate cyclase by various G-protein-linked receptors may be described by a mnemonical model mechanism.
Bushfield
M
M
Department of Biochemistry, University of Glasgow, Scotland, U.K.
Savage
A
A
Morris
N J
NJ
Houslay
M D
MD
D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000682:Amyloid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D058287:Receptors, Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D018000:Receptors, Peptide
D000682:Amyloid; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D058287:Receptors, Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide