Evolution of clinical science. An overview.
An overview is presented of immortals, institutions, and discoveries of past ages which have contributed to the furtherance of clinical science. The presentation is divided into two parts: I. Noteworthy contributions to the development of clinical science--1500 to 1700 A.D. II. Noteworthy contributions to the development of clinical science--1700 to 1949 A.D. The time has come for a transformation and rejuvenation of clinical laboratories in hospitals and medical institutions in our country. In recent years, the clinical investigative mission of hospital laboratories has been grossly neglected owing, in large measure, to the increased work loads for analytical service that are required for patient care. However, commercial corporations have now gradually invaded the field of clinical laboratory services, so that in the foreseeable future clinical laboratories will be afforded more time and opportunities for fulfillment of the investigative mission. The objectives of clinical science are to conserve health and to cure disease. By promoting the investigative point of view, clinical science will be destined to contribute to the furtherance of its objectives.
Institute for Clinical Science, Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia 19106-4014.
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D002624:Chemistry, Clinical / Q000266:history; D015510:Clinical Medicine / Q000266:history*; D049668:History, 15th Century; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D007753:Laboratories; D010338:Pathology, Clinical / Q000266:history; D012106:Research / Q000266:history*