Long-term effects of guar gum in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
The effects of 15 g guar gum/d on glycemic control, lipids, and insulin secretion were studied in 15 (8 male, 7 female) diet-treated subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus for 48 wk. Mean age (+/- SD) was 60 +/- 2 y (range 45-70 y), body mass index (in kg/m2) 28.6 +/- 0.9 (range 21.6 +/- 39.2), and duration of diabetes 6 +/- 1 y (range 2-14 y). Guar gum was preceded and followed by 8-wk placebo periods. Guar gum improved long-term glycemic control, postprandial glucose tolerance and lipid concentrations. The C-peptide response to a test meal increased by time during guar gum treatment, whereas the insulin response remained unchanged. This indicates that insulin secretion is enhanced by guar gum as reflected by increased C-peptide. A decreased molar ratio of insulin to C-peptide suggests that guar gum may increase hepatic insulin extraction. In conclusion, guar gum has favorable long-term effects on glycemic control and lipid concentrations.
Groop
P H
PH
Fourth Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
Aro
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A
Stenman
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S
Groop
L
L
D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005685:Galactans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008351:Mannans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D053149:Plant Gums
D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005685:Galactans; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D008351:Mannans; D053149:Plant Gums; C007894:guar gum