Clinical trials of live oral rotavirus vaccines: the Finnish experience.
Live oral candidate rotavirus vaccines of bovine (RIT 4237) or rhesus (RRV-1) origin and reassortants of RRV-1 expressing human serotype 1 (DxRRV) or serotype 2 (DS1xRRV) VP7 protein were evaluated for clinical efficacy in young children in successive trials from 1983 to 1989. In each study, the vaccinations were given before a rotavirus epidemic season and the follow-up of vaccinees covered two rotavirus epidemic seasons lasting up to 2-3 years of age. Serotype 1 rotavirus was predominant in each season. Protection rates against all rotavirus-associated diarrhoea ranged from 0 to 67% but were higher, up to 100%, against more severe rotavirus disease. All tested vaccines also showed efficacy for diarrhoea not apparently associated with rotavirus; therefore the clinical benefit of the vaccinations was greater than could be deduced from efficacy rates for rotavirus-associated diarrhoea alone. Each of the candidate vaccines could significantly reduce severe diarrhoea in Finnish children in the first 2 to 3 years of life. For optimal efficacy, the vaccines should be administered in the autumn before the regular epidemic season of rotavirus.
Vesikari
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Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland.
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000382:microbiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003968:Diarrhea, Infantile / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000382:microbiology; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000191:economics; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014765:Viral Vaccines