Adjuvant-independent enhanced immune responses to recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D by fusion with biologically active interleukin-2.
A truncated herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 glycoprotein D (t-gD) gene was fused to the human interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene (t-gD-IL-2 gene) and introduced into mouse myeloma Sp2/0 cells. The gene product, t-gD-IL-2, secreted from the cells was immunoprecipitated with five monoclonal antibodies specific for native gD. Purified t-gD-IL-2 supported the growth of IL-2-dependent cells, with a specific activity almost comparable to that of recombinant human IL-2. Mice immunized with t-gD-IL-2 in an adjuvant-free form showed superior anti-HSV antibody responses, and were completely protected against HSV challenge, whereas immunization with t-gD adsorbed onto aluminum hydroxide (alum) partially failed to prevent the virus infection. The high immunogenicity of t-gD-IL-2 was due to the biological activity of the fused IL-2 rather than to a hapten-carrier effect of the IL-2 moiety, because mice primed with t-gD-IL-2 showed delayed-type hypersensitivity against stimulation with gD, but not against that with IL-2 antigen, and because a booster immunization with t-gD-IL-2 extensively augmented the response of anti-gD antibody, but not that of the anti-human IL-2 antibody. The serological half-life of IL-2 activity in mice injected with t-gD-IL-2 was prolonged to about four times that of rIL-2. However, when t-gD-IL-2 was co-administered with human albumin (HSA), the mouse anti-HSA antibody response was slightly enhanced.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Hazama
M
M
Biology Research Laboratories, Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd, Osaka, Japan.
Mayumi-Aono
A
A
Asakawa
N
N
Kuroda
S
S
Hinuma
S
S
Fujisawa
Y
Y
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006241:Haptens / Q000276:immunology; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology; D014709:Vero Cells; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D006241:Haptens; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C039447:glycoprotein D, Human herpesvirus 1