Comparison of monovalent and trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccines in young children.
Fifty children, 6 months to 2 years of age, were vaccinated intranasally with a trivalent preparation containing 10(6) TCID50 each of H1N1 and H3N2 and 10(4) (n = 14) or 10(6) (n = 36) TCID50 of B live, attenuated, cold-adapted (ca) influenza strains. The same doses were administered as monovalent vaccines to 69 comparably aged children. Forty-five controls were given placebo. No clinically significant adverse reactions to vaccines were observed. Of children seronegative to H1N1 or H3N2, > or = 90% were infected by these vaccine strains. Trivalent vaccine containing 10(4) TCID50 of B infected only 27% of children seronegative to B (3/11), which was markedly reduced from the 88% infection rate (7/8) following monovalent B vaccine of the same dose (P = .02); increasing the B dose to 10(6) TCID50 increased the infection rate to 81% (21/26). Replication of ca influenza viruses in tissue culture matched vaccine responses. Trivalent ca influenza vaccines can be formulated that are safe and immunogenic in young children.
Dept. of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-2581.
W C
WC
Gruber
K
K
Kirschner
S
S
Tollefson
J
J
Thompson
G
G
Reed
K M
KM
Edwards
P F
PF
Wright
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D009981:Influenza B virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D012449:Safety; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology
D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated