Biocompatibility of a new high-permeability modified cellulose membrane for haemodialysis.
The biocompatibility and solute permeability characteristics of a high-permeability modified cellulose membrane (Hemophan-HP) (He-HP) were compared with those of two synthetic membranes (poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVAL) and poly(acrylonitrile-co-sodium methallyl sulphonate) (AN69)) and Cuprophan in a multicentre, four-way cross-over clinical trial. Cuprophan membranes caused significant complement activation, leukopenia, and granulocyte elastase release. He-HP membranes demonstrated a lesser effect, which was similar to that observed for the EVAL membrane, although less than that seen with the AN69 membrane. A similar order for the four membranes was seen for their effect on platelets. Cuprophan membranes provided superior small-molecule removal to the other three membranes. In contrast, Cuprophan was essentially impermeable to beta 2-microglobulin, whereas He-HP, EVAL, and AN69 allowed the removal of 60-90 mg of beta 2-microglobulin per treatment. However, a decrease in the plasma concentration of beta 2-microglobulin was observed only with the AN69 membrane, most probably as a result of the ability of that membrane to adsorb proteins. Our results demonstrate that high-permeability membranes of comparable biocompatibility to some synthetic membranes can be fabricated from cellulose derivatives.
Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Kentucky 40292.
R A
RA
Ward
R M
RM
Schaefer
D
D
Falkenhagen
M S
MS
Joshua
A
A
Heidland
H
H
Klinkmann
H J
HJ
Gurland
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002482:Cellulose / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D003167:Complement Activation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D007688:Kidneys, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D010539:Permeability; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000378:metabolism
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; C054645:Hemophan; D002482:Cellulose