Outcome of contingency contracting for illicit drug use in a methadone maintenance program.
This study evaluates the outcome of a mandatory, clinic wide, structured contingency contracting system in a methadone maintenance program. The system involved weekly urine screening and placement on written individualized contracts for any of 106 male patients who displayed illicit drug use. Methadone dose decreases were the penultimate and detoxification and discharge the ultimate contingencies for unremitting drug use. Sixty subjects (56.6%) received contracts and 36 (35%) eventually left treatment. The contracts did not decrease the overall number of positive urines for the contract subjects, but opiate use did decrease significantly for subjects on more stringent contracts.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
A J
AJ
Saxon
D A
DA
Calsyn
D R
DR
Kivlahan
D K
DK
Roszell
D000328:Adult; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection; D016320:Substance Abuse Treatment Centers
D013287:Illicit Drugs; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D008691:Methadone