Comparison of monovalent and trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccines in young children.
Fifty children, 6 months to 2 years of age, were vaccinated intranasally with a trivalent preparation containing 10(6) TCID50 each of H1N1 and H3N2 and 10(4) (n = 14) or 10(6) (n = 36) TCID50 of B live, attenuated, cold-adapted (ca) influenza strains. The same doses were administered as monovalent vaccines to 69 comparably aged children. Forty-five controls were given placebo. No clinically significant adverse reactions to vaccines were observed. Of children seronegative to H1N1 or H3N2, > or = 90% were infected by these vaccine strains. Trivalent vaccine containing 10(4) TCID50 of B infected only 27% of children seronegative to B (3/11), which was markedly reduced from the 88% infection rate (7/8) following monovalent B vaccine of the same dose (P = .02); increasing the B dose to 10(6) TCID50 increased the infection rate to 81% (21/26). Replication of ca influenza viruses in tissue culture matched vaccine responses. Trivalent ca influenza vaccines can be formulated that are safe and immunogenic in young children.
Gruber
W C
WC
Dept. of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-2581.
Kirschner
K
K
Tollefson
S
S
Thompson
J
J
Reed
G
G
Edwards
K M
KM
Wright
P F
PF
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D009981:Influenza B virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D012449:Safety; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology
D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated