Effect of bovine immunodeficiency-like virus infection on immune function in experimentally infected cattle.
Bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (BIV) is a bovine lentivirus that has antigenic and genetic homology with the human immunodeficiency virus. Little work has been reported on the effect of BIV infection on bovine immune function. This study was designed to evaluate lymphocyte blastogenesis, mononuclear cell subset numbers, neutrophil function, hematology, and clinical signs in three groups of cattle. These groups were evaluated at 0-2 months post inoculation (PI, Group 1), 4-5 months PI (Group 2), or 19-27 months PI (Group 3). BIV infected animals were inoculated with the R-29 isolate of BIV in tissue culture cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a R-29 infected calf, or a molecular clone of the R-29 isolate. Most inoculated animals seroconverted to BIV by Western immunoblot. BIV was reisolated from most of the animals inoculated. BIV infection was associated with an increase in the lymphocyte blastogenic response to the mitogen phytohemagglutinin in Groups 2 and 3. Neutrophil antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity and neutrophil iodination were decreased (P < 0.05) in BIV infected cattle (Groups 2 and 3 and Group 3, respectively). All animals were clinically normal during the evaluation periods. Notable differences were not observed in the other assessments performed. Work with additional BIV isolates and over longer time frames is warranted.
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
K
K
Flaming
M
M
van der Maaten
C
C
Whetstone
S
S
Carpenter
D
D
Frank
J
J
Roth
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D016087:Immunodeficiency Virus, Bovine / Q000276:immunology; D016180:Lentivirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
D000914:Antibodies, Viral