Single umbilical artery: accurate diagnosis?
OBJECTIVE
We sought to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonographic, obstetric, and neonatal diagnosis of a single umbilical artery.


METHODS
We studied 17,777 consecutive singleton births from women who had undergone ultrasonographic examination at our hospital. A single umbilical artery was confirmed in 37 cases (0.2%) by two clinical methods or by pathologic assessment. Outcome of neonates with a single umbilical artery was compared with the outcome of neonates with either two or three vessel cords.


RESULTS
Ultrasonographic diagnosis had a 65% sensitivity and positive predictive value. Obstetricians and pediatricians failed to diagnose 24% and 16% of the cases, respectively. On average, neonates with a single umbilical artery weighed 320 gm less, were delivered 1 week earlier, and had lower Apgar scores than neonates with three vessel cords (p < 0.01 in each case.)


CONCLUSIONS
Although early gestational age may account for some cases not diagnosed by ultrasonography, there is a little justification for missing the diagnosis after delivery. Greater emphasis on clinical examination of the umbilical cord is needed to identify neonates at risk of associated malformations.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University/Hutzel Hospital, Detroit, MI 48201.
T B
TB
Jones
Y
Y
Sorokin
R
R
Bhatia
I E
IE
Zador
S F
SF
Bottoms
D001034:Apgar Score; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010808:Physical Examination; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014469:Umbilical Arteries / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging