title: Congenital defects of lower limbs and associated malformations: a population based study.
abstract: As part of a detailed study of limb defects and associated patterns of congenital malformations, cases with lower limb deficiencies were analysed separately. We identified a total of 130 cases with deficiencies of the lower limbs without defects of the upper limbs. This gives an incidence of 1.07/10,000 livebirths, or 1/9,337 for this group of limb defects. Most common were femur deficiencies and deficiencies of the foot. A preponderance of males was found in the group of transverse defects of the leg (fibula/tibia deficiencies) and central axis deficiencies, while females had significantly more often longitudinal tibia defects and preaxial ray defects.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Medizinische Universität zu Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: U G
authors.initials: UG
authors.lastname: Froster
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Baird
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000453:epidemiology; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007866:Leg / Q000002:abnormalities*; D008297:Male; D012042:Registries