title: Treatment of smoke inhalation in five horses.
abstract: Five horses were admitted for treatment of smoke-inhalation injuries sustained in a barn fire. Three of the horses were mildly affected, with high respiratory rates (24 to 36 breaths/min) and normal to low arterial oxygen tensions (77.0 to 94.1 mm of Hg), and responded well to administration of diuretics, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and antibiotics. The 2 remaining horses were severely affected. Both were in respiratory distress, with markedly low arterial oxygen tensions (50.4 and 57.1 mm of Hg) and cyanosis. These 2 horses required fluid resuscitation in addition to the treatments given to the less severely affected horses. Tracheostomy was performed to facilitate removal of large, obstructive, pseudomembranous tracheobronchial casts. Oxygen was administered by nasal or tracheal insufflation or by use of a high-frequency jet ventilator. The most severely affected horse developed hemorrhagic colitis and was euthanatized. The 4 surviving horses recovered in 2 to 5 months and resumed working without reduction in performance capability.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kemper
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spier
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Barratt-Boyes
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hoffman
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D006736:Horses; D008297:Male; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D015208:Smoke Inhalation Injury / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D014139:Tracheostomy / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D004232:Diuretics