title: Immunolocalization of TGF-beta 1, TGF-beta 2, and TGF-beta 3 in the anterior segment of the human eye.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the distribution of transforming growth factor type beta (TGF-beta) in the anterior segment of the human eye. This knowledge is important because TGF-beta may regulate various physiologic responses in the anterior segment by controlling cell proliferation and differentiation, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix composition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical methods were used to localize the beta 1, beta 2, and beta 3 isoforms of TGF-beta in the anterior segment of the human eye.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight of eight eyes (six eye bank specimens and two eyes enucleated because of choroidal melanoma) exhibited staining for at least one of the TGF-beta isoforms. TGF-beta 1 was found in superficial limbal epithelial cells (four of eight eyes) and in the stroma proximal to the ciliary processes (seven of eight eyes). TGF-beta 2 was found in superficial limbal epithelial cells (six of eight eyes), the conjunctival stroma (eight of eight eyes), in the ciliary processes (three of eight eyes), and in a diffuse distribution in the region of the radial and circular muscles of the ciliary body (eight of eight eyes). In addition, TGF-beta 2 was found in the stroma adjacent to the pigmented epithelium in the pars plana (eight of eight eyes). TGF-beta 3 was found in white blood cells in one of eight specimens; otherwise it was not found in the anterior segment. The corneal stroma, corneal endothelium, trabecular meshwork, iris, and ciliary epithelia did not exhibit immunoreactivity with the antibodies used in this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 have a distinct and specific distribution in the anterior segment of the adult human eye.
authors.affiliation: Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Pasquale
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Dorman-Pease
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Lutty
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Quigley
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Jampel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000869:Anterior Eye Segment / Q000737:chemistry*; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000737:chemistry; D004848:Epithelium / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D016850:Limbus Corneae / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000737:chemistry; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta