Dietary and anthropometric determinants of plasma lipoproteins during a long-term low-fat diet in healthy women.
Long-term (1 y) effects of dietary fat intake on lipoprotein metabolism were determined in 72 healthy women receiving either a 15%-fat diet (n = 34) or usual diet (n = 38). Every three months food records, weight, waist-hip ratio (W:H), percent body fat, fasting plasma triglyceride, cholesterol (C), high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), HDL2-C, and HDL3-C; apolipoprotein B and A-I, and postheparin lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic triglyceride lipase activities were determined. In one year, the low-fat-diet (LFD) group had 17% and the non-intervention-diet group had 36% dietary fat. The LFD group showed decreases in cholesterol: 7% TC, 13% low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and 8% HDL. Apolipoprotein A-I, decreased early. Apolipoprotein B did not change. Plasma triglyceride correlated with weight. Percent body fat and W:H correlated with the total and LDL-C. Changes in HDL-C and/or HDL2-C and LPL correlated directly with the changes in dietary fat and inversely with dietary carbohydrate. Changes in total-C or LDL-C correlated with the changes in weight and W:H, but not with the changes in nutrient intake.
Kasim
S E
SE
Wayne State University, Division of Endocrinology, Detroit.
Martino
S
S
Kim
P N
PN
Khilnani
S
S
Boomer
A
A
Depper
J
J
Reading
B A
BA
Heilbrun
L K
LK
D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000378:metabolism; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008049:Lipase / Q000097:blood; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D008074:Lipoproteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D008049:Lipase; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase