title: The effects of bone cement powder on human adherent monocytes/macrophages in vitro.
abstract: This study reports the effects of Simplex bone cement powder (BC) on the proliferation and production of bone resorbing factors in vitro by human adherent monocytes/macrophages. Adherent peripheral blood cells were isolated from seven healthy individuals and exposed to a dispersion of BC powder (1 mg/mL), phytohemagglutinin (PHA, 40 micrograms/mL), or medium alone at different periods of cell incubation (days 0-2, 0-7, 5-7, or 10-12). Cell proliferation was quantified by incorporation of 3H-thymidine uptake. Culture supernatants were evaluated for levels of interleukin 1-like activity (IL-1) by murine thymocyte proliferation assay, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by radioimmunoassay, lysosomal enzyme activity (N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and beta-glucuronidase using fluorometry, and collagen and casein degrading activity using radioactive substrates. Human adherent peripheral blood cells showed a proliferative response to PHA that coincided with cell maturation; BC did not inhibit PHA-induced cell proliferation of either adherent or nonadherent blood cells, indicating the non-toxic nature of these particles at the concentrations tested. BC stimulated increased release of the lysosomal enzyme N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase; the levels of PGE2, IL-1, collagenase, and caseinase were unchanged.
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94305-5326.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Goodman
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lerman
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001862:Bone Resorption; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000201:enzymology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D011208:Powders
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements; D007375:Interleukin-1; D011208:Powders; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D015232:Dinoprostone