title: A brief agitation rating scale (BARS) for nursing home elderly.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effectiveness of a brief agitation rating scale (BARS) derived from the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Test of reliability and validity of a new test.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Lieberman Geriatric Health Centre, a skilled nursing facility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty members of the Lieberman Geriatric Health Centre nursing staff, 232 residents, and a sample of 40 randomly selected residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational agitation ratings by registered nurses and certified nurses' assistants; item to total correlations for the CMAI on each of the three shifts; Pearson correlations between the 10-item BARS and the BEHAVE-AD and the BSSAD scales.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Internal consistency reliability for the BARS was .74 (for the day shift), .82 (evening shift), and .80 (night shift), compared with .86, .91, and .87 for the full CMAI. Each of the 232 residents' scores on the BARS was correlated with a total score from the CMAI separately on each shift. Correlations were of .95, .94, and .95. Thus, across all shifts, the BARS accounted for approximately 90 percent of the variance of the total score of the CMAI. Concurrent validity of the BARS was supported by significant correlation with BEHAVE-AD and BSSD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The BARS represents a brief and effective mechanism to assess the presence and severity of physically aggressive, physically non-aggressive, and verbally agitated behaviors in elderly nursing home residents.
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Finkel
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002641:Chicago / Q000453:epidemiology; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule / Q000592:standards*; D009735:Nursing Homes; D015588:Observer Variation; D011595:Psychomotor Agitation / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results