title: Waiting for coronary revascularization in Toronto: 2 years' experience with a regional referral office.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency of major adverse events among patients awaiting coronary revascularization; to assess the match between referring physicians' estimates of urgency, a computer-generated multifactorial urgency rating score and actual waiting times; to determine the changes in waiting times as capacity for bypass surgery increased; and to evaluate the influence of choice of procedure or operator on waiting times.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Greater Toronto region.
  
  
  METHODS
  All 571 patients referred to an organized referral office by cardiologists at hospitals without on-site revascularization facilities between Jan. 3, 1989, and June 30, 1991.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preoperative fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction; proportions of patients waiting longer than the maximum period recommended for their urgency rating; mean waiting times for various subgroups; and correlations among referring physicians' urgency ratings, computer-generated multifactorial urgency scores and waiting times.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 496 patients accepted for a procedure 5 had fatal cardiac events and 3 nonfatal myocardial infarction. Events occurred three times more often in patients with left mainstem disease than in those in other anatomic categories (relative risk [RR] 3.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.48 to 6.27, p = 0.03). Both the computer-generated scores and the referring physicians' scores were correlated with the actual waiting time (r = 0.46 and 0.57 respectively). Waiting times and the proportion of patients with excessive waiting times fell during the study period (p < 0.0001). However, urgent cases were much less likely to be done "on time" than those with a recommended waiting time of more than 2 weeks (RR 0.16, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.25, p < 0.0001). The mean wait for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was 22.73 days if the referral office was allowed to find a surgeon or interventional cardiologist and 35.31 days if one was requested (p = 0.002 after adjustment for urgency scores).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Death of a patient on the waiting list is uncommon in an organized referral system. Patients with left main-stem disease are at higher risk of death than those in other anatomic categories. There were significant correlations between referring physicians' ratings of urgency, multifactorial urgency scores and actual waiting times. Expansion of capacity for CABG led to shorter waiting times, but patients with unstable symptoms continued to wait longer than recommended. Requests for a specific surgeon caused significantly longer delays.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, ON.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Naylor
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Levinton
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wheeler
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Klymciw
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Baigrie
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Goldman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009864:Ontario; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012306:Risk; D013997:Time Factors; D014850:Waiting Lists