title: Mechanisms of allogeneic stimulation induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production.
abstract: We investigated the mechanisms of allogeneic stimulation induced TNF-alpha production in vitro by using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and Daudi lymphoblastoid B-cells. PBMC produced TNF-alpha in response to mitomycin C-treated or paraformaldehyde-fixed Daudi cells, reaching a peak level after 4-6 h of culture. Monocytes were identified as the major source of TNF-alpha produced during allogeneic cell interaction. The second potent producer of TNF-alpha was E-rosette non-forming natural killer cells. Purified T-cells did not produce significant levels of TNF-alpha, even in the presence of IL-1 and IL-6. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) down-regulated TNF-alpha production by monocytes, but in contrast interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) moderately enhanced TNF-alpha production. Our results indicate that monocytes are mainly responsible for the production of TNF-alpha in response to allogeneic stimulation, and T-cells modulate monocyte function by their soluble factors.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Akita University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirokawa
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Miura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007519:Isoantigens / Q000276:immunology*; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D007519:Isoantigens; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha