title: Long-term speech results of cleft palate patients with primary palatoplasty.
abstract: This investigation examined the influence of cleft type, type of surgery, age at surgery, and gender on speech proficiency of 204 patients with cleft palate who required only primary palatoplasty. Speech measures were obtained for each subject from at least three annual examinations between the ages of 4 and 16 years. Neither age at surgery nor type of surgery were discriminating factors. The less extensive cleft type, i.e., soft palate only, was associated with greater rates of change in the performance variables than were the other three cleft types. Females showed greater rate changes than males.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hardin-Jones
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Van Demark
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Morris
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001184:Articulation Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014681:Velopharyngeal Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D014833:Voice Quality