title: The reuse of hemodialyzers: an assessment of safety and potential savings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety and potential cost savings of hemodialyzer reuse.
  
  
  METHODS
  All English and French articles published from 1960 to 1991 related to hemodialyzer reuse (retrieved through an Index Medicus and MEDLINE search [corrected]), the indexes of eight North American journals from 1960 onward, conference proceedings, association guidelines, and US and Canadian laws and regulations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For health care personnel the reuse of hemodialyzers did not entail any increased risk of infection or exposure to toxic substances if proper control measures were taken. For patients there was no evidence to suggest any excess risk of complications or death as long as precise and appropriate procedures are observed. The "first-use syndrome" can be prevented and should no longer be considered as a reason to favour reuse. A cost-minimization analysis indicated that five uses might save up to $3629 per patient yearly. Thus, the adoption of a policy of reuse in Canada for all eligible patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis could result in direct savings of about $5.8 to $8.9 million per year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The health risks associated with hemodialyzer reuse can be reduced to acceptable levels through the rigorous observance of proper quality-assurance and quality-control measures and the use of automated reconditioning equipment. Such a policy could achieve modest savings for the health care system. A decision to reuse should be formally adopted by the institution and accompanied by a precise definition of the standards of quality assurance and control.
authors.affiliation: Département d'Administration de la santé, Université de Montréal, Que.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baris
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McGregor
mesh_terms: D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D004209:Disposable Equipment; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000009:adverse effects; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000635:transmission; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D005557:Formaldehyde