title: A recombinant retrovirus carrying a non-producer human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 variant induces resistance to superinfecting HIV.
abstract: A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-infected Hut-78 cell clone (F12) shows a peculiar phenotype: it exhibits an altered viral protein pattern, is a nonproducer and is resistant to homologous superinfection. To determine whether this phenotype is dependent upon the expression of the HIV-1 genome integrated therein, the SstI/SstI F12 provirus [deprived of HIV long terminal repeats (LTRs)] was cloned and inserted in the pLj retroviral vector bearing the neomycin (neo) and Geneticin resistance gene. CD4+ HIV-susceptible CEMss cells (a CEM clone able to form large syncytia 2 to 3 days post-HIV infection) were infected with the recombinant retroviruses rescued from the F12/HIV-pLj-transfected (in either sense or antisense orientation) amphotropic packaging cells PA 317. Neo sense resistant gene clones showed approximately 10 copies of viral DNA/cell (without detectable major deletions) only in episomal form, low viral RNA expression and a viral protein pattern characterized by an uncleaved gp160, no gp41 and little, if any, p55 gag precursor (as in F12 cells). Superinfection of these F12/HIV DNA-engineered clones with HIV-1 resulted in a significant reduction in the yield of superinfecting HIV. This effect (more pronounced when the clones were maintained under neo selective pressure) was observed in all five retrovirus-infected clones exhibiting the presence and expression of sense episomal F12/HIV DNA but not in two clones bearing an antisense F12/HIV DNA or in one clone bearing only the pLj vector. These results indicate that bio-engineered human CD4+ cells expressing the F12/HIV genome exhibit a significant resistance to HIV superinfection.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Federico
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Taddeo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carlini
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nappi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Verani
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Rossi
mesh_terms: D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010957:Plasmids; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D012190:Retroviridae; D015163:Superinfection / Q000276:immunology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014762:Viral Interference / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D004279:DNA, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins