title: HIV-related emergencies: frequency, diagnoses, and outcome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the clinical epidemiology and outcome of HIV-related emergencies, and to identify clinical predictors of HIV-related emergency hospitalizations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Emergency facility of a tertiary care teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  350 HIV/AIDS patients followed at the authors' center.
  
  
  RESULTS
  69 of 356 patients made 92 emergency visits with a frequency of 8% per month and 20% per quarter in a three-month study period. Forty-three visits (47%) resulted in hospitalization and contributed to 70% of total AIDS hospitalizations in the period. The five most common acute diagnoses were pneumonia (n = 22; 24%), fever (n = 15; 16%), upper respiratory infection (n = 9; 10%), cellulitis (n = 6; 7%), and gastroenteritis (n = 6; 7%). Three diagnoses accounted for 70% of acute HIV hospitalizations: pneumonia (n = 19), fever (n = 4), and sepsis (n = 4). Analysis of patient disposition as it relates to the patient's clinical presentation and HIV history using multivariate analysis yielded 1) the presence of dyspnea or cough (p = 0.015) and 2) fever with an abnormal chest x-ray (p = 0.008) as independently predictive of hospitalization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings indicate that HIV/AIDS patients have a frequent need for emergency care and most HIV/AIDS hospitalizations are emergency-related. The acute problems of these patients are related to a limited number of diagnostic categories, and the presence of respiratory or constitutional symptoms with an abnormal chest radiograph are the only reliable factors predictive of hospitalization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gold
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Armstrong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D010343:Patient Admission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data