title: Seroepidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus infection in Borno State of Nigeria by sentinel surveillance.
abstract: A serosurvey for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was carried out in three well-separated population centers in Borno State of Nigeria in 1989-1990. The study subjects were 1,259 made up of sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic attenders, pregnant women, female prostitutes, and blood donors. Sera were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmation was done by Western blotting. The overall seroprevalence was 1.67% (21/1,259), with no significant differences from one population center to another. There were, however, significant differences among the population groups studied: prostitutes, 4.24%; STD clinic attenders, 1.67%; blood donors, 0.71%; and pregnant women, 0.24%. Of the 21 seropositives, 18 were positive for HIV-1 only; 1 was positive for HIV-2 only; and 2 were positive for both HIV-1 and HIV-2. All three HIV-2-positive sera were from prostitutes. Prevalence rates found in this study showed marked increases from 2 to 3 years earlier. There is therefore the need for a vigorous and sustained intervention program.
authors.affiliation: University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Borno State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: T O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Harry
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ekenna
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Chikwem
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakwa
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Adeyera
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zacchariah
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Moses
authors.forename: T O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Ola
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001782:Blood Donors; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011247:Pregnancy; D011477:Sex Work; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000150:complications