title: Localized dynamic changes in cortical blood flow with whisker stimulation corresponds to matched vascular and neuronal architecture of rat barrels.
abstract: The hypothesis that functional groups of neurons in whisker barrels are linked to a modular organization of cortical vessels was tested. Endovascular casts demonstrated cortical capillary networks resembling the whisker barrel pattern that were fed from the middle cerebral artery. In histological sections, dense capillaries apparently were confined to single barrels and were supplied by one or a few penetrating arterioles. The barrel field in cortical layer IV was localized in relation to surface arteriovenous patterns. Living vessels were imaged through a closed cranial window under anesthesia with a fluorescence microscope and SIT or ICCD cameras. After intracarotid injections of fluorescein isothiocyanatedextrans, saline, or 3 microns latex beads, changes in arteriolar diameter, arteriovenous transit times (AVTTs), and bead velocities were measured. When row C whiskers were stroked at 4-5 Hz for 1 min, blood flow increased in arterioles that supplied contralateral row C barrels as demonstrated by postmortem histology. AVTTs slowed significantly in vessels supplying adjacent cortex. We hypothesize that cerebral vascular units supply individual whisker barrels and are functionally linked to them for precise focal regulation of cerebral blood flow.
authors.affiliation: James L. O'Leary Division of Experimental Neurology and Neurological Surgery, Department of Neurology and Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Woolsey
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Rovainen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001160:Arterioles / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002196:Capillaries / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000098:blood supply*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000294:innervation*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008863:Microspheres; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014664:Vasodilation; D014738:Vibrissae / Q000294:innervation* / Q000502:physiology; D014741:Video Recording