Effect on mortality and reinfarction of adding fruits and vegetables to a prudent diet in the Indian experiment of infarct survival (IEIS).
The effects of antioxidant-rich foods as adjuncts to a prudent diet were compared for 12 weeks in a randomized, single-blind and controlled trial in 204 (group A) and 202 (group B) patients with acute myocardial infarction. There was a significant decrease in cardiac end points in group A compared to group B (37 vs 58, p < 0.01) after 12 weeks. Within intervention group A, those 108 patients with greater adherence to the intervention program showed a greater reduction in cardiac end points (14 vs 58, p < 0.001), and a significant decrease in total mortality (6 vs 28, p < 0.001), including cardiac mortality (6 vs 25, p < 0.01) compared to group B. Underlying these beneficial effects, antioxidant-rich foods caused a significantly smaller rise in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cardiac enzyme in group A than in group B (427.8 vs 561.6 IU/dL), indicating that the protective influence of such a diet may be observed within 1 week. The subset of group A patients showing reduction in mortality also had a lesser rise in LDH and greater reduction in blood lipids, blood glucose and blood pressures. Antioxidant-rich foods also caused a significant decrease in blood lipids with a lower decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in group A than in group B. Assay of serum level of antioxidants and long-term follow-up may confirm our observations.
Singh
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RB
Medical Hospital and Research Center, Moradabad, India.
Niaz
M A
MA
Ghosh
S
S
Singh
R
R
Rastogi
S S
SS
D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000401:mortality*; D015996:Survival Rate; D014675:Vegetables
D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008055:Lipids; D002784:Cholesterol; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase