title: Absorption balances and kinetics of nutrients and bacterial metabolites in conscious pigs after intake of maltose- or maltitol-rich diets.
abstract: Because sorbitol is poorly absorbed in the small intestine, it may be the origin of large amounts of residues reaching the large intestine and may be substrate for microbial activity. An experiment was conducted to study the quantitative appearance in the portal blood of nutrients and metabolites derived from enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial fermentation in the fore- and hindgut. Five Large White, castrated male pigs (mean BW of 61.2 +/- 1.7 kg) were fitted under anesthesia with an electromagnetic flow probe around the portal vein and with permanent cannulas in the portal vein and the carotid artery. From 10 d before surgery, they were accustomed to one of the two semisynthetic, well-balanced diets, containing a high level (53% of DM) of either a maltose-rich glucose syrup (SNat) or of a maltitol-rich hydrogenated glucose syrup (SHyd). Eight days after surgery and after an 18-h fast, each animal was given a last meal (800 g) of the diet to which it was formerly accustomed. For 12 h after this meal, blood samples were taken at 30- to 60-min intervals for glucose, sorbitol, amino N, VFA, D- and L-lactic acids, insulin, and glucagon determinations, and portal blood flow was continuously recorded. The absorption coefficients (amounts appearing for 12 h in the portal blood: amounts ingested, percentage) of glucose and of amino N were not significantly different between the two diets. The amount of sorbitol that appeared within 12 h in the portal blood after SHyd intake was 44 g (25% intake). The amount of VFA that appeared in the portal blood within 12 h was 2.7 times larger (P < .05) after intake of the maltitol-rich diet (SHyd:808 mmol) than after intake of the maltose-rich diet (300 mmol). This difference was due to an increase in absorbed amounts of propionate (SHyd 402 vs SNat 56 mmol, P < .05), butyrate (SHyd 63 vs SNat 17 mmol, P < .01), isovalerate (SHyd 17 vs SNat 5 mmol, P < .05), and acetate (SHyd 298 vs SNat 219 mmol, P < .13). There were no significant changes in insulin and glucagon production. Intake of the maltitol-rich diet resulted in less available energy (82.0%) than did intake of the maltose-rich diet (92.6%).
authors.affiliation: Département Nutrition, Alimentation, Sécurité Alimentaire, CRJ-INRA, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rérat
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giusi-Périer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vaissade
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D004063:Digestion; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007700:Kinetics; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008297:Male; D008320:Maltose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000502:physiology; D013012:Sorbitol / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D013402:Sugar Alcohols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D007328:Insulin; D007773:Lactates; D013402:Sugar Alcohols; D019344:Lactic Acid; D013012:Sorbitol; D008320:Maltose; D005934:Glucagon; C010745:maltitol; D005947:Glucose; D009584:Nitrogen