title: Standardization of in vitro synthesis and detection of HIV-1-specific antibodies.
abstract: Optimal conditions for in vitro anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody (Ab) synthesis and detection were re-appraised. Western blot (WB) and radioimmunoassay (RIA) could detect about 1 and 10 ng, respectively, of HIV-1-specific Ab (HIV-Ab), while the sensitivity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was much lower. Optimal HIV-Ab recovery was obtained by culturing 2.5 x 10(6) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)/ml from seropositive subjects for 16 days in the absence of mitogens; at higher cell concentrations, background levels were unacceptably high. The background of non-de novo synthesized HIV-Ab was due to insufficient PBMC washing and/or cytophilic immunoglobulin (Ig); a particular washing procedure, as well as 24 h peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) pre-culture, might help in limiting this phenomenon. However, results should be compared with those obtained in cultures containing puromycin especially in infants, where a higher CD16 antigen expression in lymphocytes is likely responsible for increased amounts of cytophilic Ig released in culture supernatants, compared to adults.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oncology, Interuniversity Center for Research on Cancer, University of Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Indraccolo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zamarchi
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Veronese
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Mazza
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mion
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Veronesi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Panozzo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Colombatti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barelli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rocchetto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000032:analysis; D007223:Infant; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D011961:Receptors, Fc / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D011961:Receptors, Fc