title: Effects of experimentally induced ischemia on dopamine metabolism in rabbit retina.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the role of dopamine in experimentally induced retinal ischemia. Experiment 1 was designed to study the effects of ischemic levels on dopamine (DA) metabolism. Experiment 2 evaluated the effects of ischemic duration on DA metabolism. The effects of recirculation time after ischemia on DA metabolism were investigated in experiment 3.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ischemia was produced by raising intraocular pressure (IOP) in rabbits. Three levels of ischemia were used--level A, level B, and level C--representing 50%, 75%, and 100%, respectively, of the IOP necessary to produce total ischemia. Retinal levels of DA and its main metabolites, homovanillic acid (HVA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Experiment 1 showed that at ischemic level B, DA contents were significantly reduced, but neither DOPAC nor HVA concentrations were altered. The reductions of retinal DA, DOPAC, and HVA concentrations were seen at level C without altering the ratio index. Level A ischemia did not alter DA metabolism. In experiment 2, significant reductions in DA, DOPAC, and HVA concentrations were found at both 30 and 60 minutes in the ischemic group, whereas the ratio DOPAC/DA and (HVA + DOPAC)/DA were significantly decreased only in the 60-minute ischemic group. Five-minute total ischemia did not alter DA metabolism. In experiment 3, concentrations of DA were still significantly decreased at 30 minutes of recirculation after ischemia, but DOPAC and HVA levels were back to normal. However, the ratios of DOPAC/DA, HVA/DA, and (HVA + DOPAC)/DA were significantly elevated. After 90 and 240 minutes of recirculation, retinal DA contents had returned to normal values, but DOPAC and HVA concentrations as well as all ratio indices of DA metabolism were still enhanced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dopamine metabolism is altered during and after retinal ischemia. Dopamine may play a contributing role in ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Sherbrooke University, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Drumheller
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaharia
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lafond
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Brunette
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Jolicoeur
mesh_terms: D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006719:Homovanillic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D007511:Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011817:Rabbits; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; D004298:Dopamine; D006719:Homovanillic Acid