title: Allograft vein bypass: is it an acceptable alternative for infrapopliteal revascularization?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Autogenous vein bypass grafts to infrapopliteal outflow sites have patency and limb salvage rates significantly superior to those obtained with prosthetic grafts. However, when infrageniculate bypass is required for limb-threatening ischemia in the patient lacking suitable autogenous veins, nonautogenous reconstruction or primary amputation are the only other alternatives.
  
  
  METHODS
  During a 2-year period we implanted 25 cryopreserved allograft saphenous vein bypass grafts in 24 patients (median age 76 years) with tissue necrosis (20 patients), rest pain (4 patients), or acute ischemia (1 patient); 16 patients were men and 8 were women. As many as six previous revascularizations were performed in 79%; two grafts extended to the infrageniculate popliteal artery; 23 grafts extended to a paramalleolar vessel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Secondary patency at 1 month was 87%, but only 36% at 1 year. Use of warfarin (Coumadin) failed to improve the patency rate (five of nine occlusions treated with Coumadin versus eight of 16 not treated with Coumadin). Only eight of 24 patients are alive with open grafts; nine patients have died.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unheralded occlusions more typical of prosthetic graft failure tempered the initial enthusiasm and effectiveness of vein allografts. All autogenous options must be exhausted to complete distal, secondary revascularization before resorting to nonautogenous conduits. Use of allograft veins must be viewed with continued skepticism.
authors.affiliation: St. Joseph's Medical Center, Burbank, CA.
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Andros
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Oblath
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salles-Cunha
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dulawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D001132:Arm / Q000098:blood supply; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000601:surgery; D005360:Fibula / Q000098:blood supply; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000601:surgery*; D007866:Leg / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011150:Popliteal Artery / Q000601:surgery*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000637:transplantation; D015996:Survival Rate; D016909:Tibial Arteries / Q000601:surgery; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014654:Vascular Patency; D014680:Veins / Q000637:transplantation*