title: Objective evaluation of endoscopy skills during training.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the number of supervised gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures required to achieve initial competency using a simple objective grading system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A gastroenterology and surgical training program at a large, university-affiliated county hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven gastroenterology fellows and five fourth-year surgery residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Trainees were graded postprocedure using a microcomputer program. Grading criteria for esophagogastroduodenoscopy included entering the esophagus (esophageal intubation), traversing the pylorus into the duodenum, and recognizing whether the upper gastrointestinal tract was abnormal. Criteria for colonoscopy were traversing the splenic flexure, intubating the cecum, and recognizing whether the colon was abnormal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When presented with a case mix representative of practice, esophageal intubation did not reach 90% until more than 100 procedures had been done. Cecal intubation remained at only 84% after 100 procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More than 100 supervised upper gastrointestinal endoscopies or colonoscopies are necessary to achieve technical competence in gastrointestinal endoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
authors.forename: O W
authors.initials: OW
authors.lastname: Cass
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Peine
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Zera
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Onstad
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003113:Colonoscopy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000592:standards; D005257:Fellowships and Scholarships; D005762:Gastroenterology / Q000193:education*; D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D007440:Intubation; D008910:Minnesota; D011446:Prospective Studies