title: Multiple drug resistant typhoid fever outbreak in Kashmir Valley.
abstract: We report the first ever report of multiple drug resistant salmonella typhi epidemic from Asia. The outbreak started in April 1988 and virtually ended by June 1988. The outbreak occurred in Baramullah town of Kashmir valley. In an epidemiological survey 230 cases were diagnosed as enteric fever. 46 cases (20%) were culture positive. A very rare multiple drug resistant strain of S. typhi was identified as phage type biotype II untypeable (UVS2). The strain was sensitive to Norfloxacin. This outbreak of S. typhi has many similarities with Mexico epidemic. Ingestion of contaminated water seems to be the possible cause for the outbreak.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, SMHS Hospital and Medical College, Srinagar-Kashmir.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kamili
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rashid
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: G Q
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Allaqaband
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003906:Developing Countries; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000187:drug effects*; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents