title: Clinical implications of tumor volume measurement in stage I adenocarcinoma of the cervix.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prognostic significance of three-dimensional determination of tumor size in stage I cervical adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tumor volume was measured using hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of cone biopsy and hysterectomy specimens from 36 patients with stage I adenocarcinoma of the cervix. The volume was then correlated with pelvic lymphatic spread and clinical outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The subjects were followed for a mean (+/- SEM) of 63 +/- 8 months. No recurrence or lymphatic seeding was encountered in the 22 tumors measuring no more than 500 mm3. Two of 25 tumors (8%) having up to 5 mm depth of stromal invasion had lymph node metastasis, one of which was 1.5 mm, compared with four of 11 (36%) in the group with deeper than 5 mm invasion (P < .02). The depth of stromal invasion predicted recurrence less significantly. Among the 25 tumors with up to 5 mm stromal invasion, two recurred, compared with three of 11 with more than 5 mm invasion (P < .1). Two women who had tumor volumes below 500 mm3 and depths of stromal invasion up to 8.5 mm were disease-free at 52 and 96 months of follow-up. On the other hand, tumors with 2.6 and 3.8 mm stromal invasion, but with volumes exceeding 500 mm3, recurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tumor volume is a better predictor of pelvic lymph node metastasis and recurrence than is the depth of stromal invasion in stage I cervical adenocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Kaspar
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Dinh
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Doherty
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Hannigan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D001706:Biopsy; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D013997:Time Factors; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*