title: Pentoxifylline is not useful in enhancing sperm function in cases with previous in vitro fertilization failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficiency of the addition of pentoxifylline to spermatozoa for in vitro fertilization (IVF) in cases with previous fertilization failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  After retrieval, oocytes were divided at random and inseminated with spermatozoa prepared with or without pentoxifylline.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vitro fertilization program of the Centre for Reproductive Medicine of the Dutch-speaking Brussels Free University, Belgium, a tertiary referral institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Couples in this study were undergoing a second or third IVF attempt for the treatment of male factor infertility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sperm samples were divided into two equal parts. The first part was prepared with 3.6 mM pentoxifylline (treatment group) and the other part without pentoxifylline (control group). After swim-up, oocytes were randomly inseminated with spermatozoa from either treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fertilization and cleavage rates after IVF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall a fertilization rate of 8.8% was achieved with no significant differences between treatment and control groups. Cleavage rate was 81.5% and was not different between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates no therapeutic advantage of using pentoxifylline in IVF for male factor infertility in cases with previous fertilization failure.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital, Dutch-speaking Brussels Free University, (Vrije Universiteit Brussel), Belgium.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tournaye
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Janssens
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camus
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Staessen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Devroey
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Van Steirteghem
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D010431:Pentoxifylline / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects*; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D010431:Pentoxifylline