title: The M-N--V-A-B-D blood group system of chimpanzee and other apes: serology and genetics.
abstract: Poly- and monoclonal anti-M and anti-N reagents detect on the red cells of anthropoid apes the M and/or N antigens which are similar to, but not identical with human M and N. A series of V-A-B-D specificities, closely related to the M-N system, are recognized on ape red blood cells by chimpanzee immune sera. To account for the distributions of the M-N--V-A-B-D types in man and in various apes, a genetic model is proposed that assumes the existence of two independent pairs of alleles: M/m, and N/n. In the processes of speciation, some of the alleles were lost or replaced by multiple mutations, resulting in chimpanzee in a series of codominant alleles responsible for as many as 16 M-N--V-A-B-D phenotypes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Experimental Medicine and Surgery in Primates (LEMSIP), New York University School of Medicine, New York.
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Socha
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moor-Jankowski
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001789:Blood Group Antigens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D001788:Blood Grouping and Crossmatching / Q000662:veterinary; D015186:Hominidae / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008951:MNSs Blood-Group System / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008957:Models, Genetic; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001789:Blood Group Antigens; D008951:MNSs Blood-Group System