title: Alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use among fourth-grade urban schoolchildren in 1988/89 and 1990/91.
abstract: A public-school-based epidemiological survey of fourth-grade students in Washington, DC, was performed in 1988/89 (n = 4675) and 1990/91 (n = 4678). Comparisons of data for the two periods revealed that the lifetime prevalence of self-reported alcohol use, alcohol use without parental knowledge, and smoking more than a puff of cigarettes declined; marijuana use and cigarette experimentation did not. Seven variables were associated with use. Declines were observed in perceived peer pressure to use; seeing a family member/friend selling drugs; and being offered alcohol, cigarettes, or marijuana by peers. No declines were observed in family use, perceived friends' use, being bothered a lot if best friends use, or seeing someone else selling drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community and Family Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Bush
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Iannotti
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D001290:Attitude; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D004219:District of Columbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D014505:Urban Population