title: A caffeine- and ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ store in avian sensory neurons.
abstract: 1. We identified and studied the function of ryanodine receptors in neurons isolated from dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of 10-day-old chick embryos. 2. A monoclonal antibody (mAb 34C) that recognizes all known ryanodine receptor isoforms in skeletal and cardiac muscle and CNS identified ryanodine receptor-like immunoreactivity in cultured DRG neurons. 3. Using the permeabilized patch technique to record membrane currents, we found that calcium currents were followed by a current with characteristics of a Ca(2+)-activated Cl- current (ICl(Ca)) in approximately two-thirds of the neurons. In these cells, acute application of 10 mM caffeine activated a similar ICl(Ca) and this effect was inhibited by 10 microM ryanodine. The activation of ICl(Ca) by caffeine was not dependent on extracellular Ca2+. These data suggest that caffeine raises intracellular free Ca2+ (Cai2+) by activating the release of Ca2+ from an intracellular store and that this Ca2+ activates the membrane conductance responsible for ICl(Ca). 4. The magnitude of ICl(Ca) activated by depolarization was not affected by ryanodine, implying that the Ca2+ that activates ICl(Ca) in this protocol is supplied by the Ca2+ current without amplification by a ryanodine-sensitive mechanism such as Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ release. 5. We also used indo-1 to measure Cai2+ in DRG neurons. Ten millimolar caffeine caused a transient increase in Cai2+ that was inhibited by 10 microM ryanodine. 6. The ability of caffeine to elevate Cai2+ and activate ICl(Ca) was reduced at higher temperatures, suggesting increased Ca2+ sequestration. 7. These data demonstrate the existence of an intracellular store of Ca2+ that can be mobilized by a caffeine- and ryanodine-sensitive mechanism. The release of Ca2+ from this store can elevate Cai2+ and modulate membrane conductances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno 89557.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ivanenko
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Baring
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Airey
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sutko
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kenyon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000187:drug effects*; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000187:drug effects; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D012433:Ryanodine; D002110:Caffeine; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium