title: Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 alpha induce anchorage independence in v-jun transgenic murine cells.
abstract: The oncogene jun encodes a transcription factor of the AP-1 family. In mice carrying viral jun (v-jun) as a transgene, wounding is a prerequisite for tumorigenesis, suggesting collaboration between the transgene and a wound-related event. To define possible candidates for this collaborative process, we examined the effect of several wound-related polypeptide growth factors on cells from transgenic mice. Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 alpha induce anchorage independence in embryo fibroblasts and tumor cell revertants from these mice. This effect was specific for the two cytokines and was restricted to cells from v-jun transgenic mice. Anchorage independence required the continued presence of the cytokines. Transfection of transgenic cells with a v-jun expression plasmid also induced anchorage independence and a tumorigenic phenotype in transgenic tumor cell revertants. However, there was no correlation between anchorage independence, expression of Jun, and AP-1 activity. These results suggest that while increased transgene expression can enhance the growth properties of v-jun transgenic cells, there exist other cytokine-dependent mechanisms that have a similar effect. Retinoic acid, dexamethasone, or forskolin inhibits induction of anchorage independence by tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 alpha, and transfected v-jun. Although these agents affect both AP-1 transactivation potential and DNA binding in the transgenic cells, the changes are not correlated with the inhibition of growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vanhamme
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Schuh
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Breitman
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Vogt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D016758:Genes, jun / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D012513:Sarcoma, Experimental / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D006133:Growth Substances; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha; D005576:Colforsin; D014212:Tretinoin; D003907:Dexamethasone