title: Fetal heart rate response to sustained recreational exercise.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to test the hypotheses that fetal heart rate increases during and after sustained exercise and that the magnitude of the increases is related to gestational age and the duration, intensity, and type of exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  Maternal oxygen uptake and fetal heart rate were monitored in 120 regularly exercising women in association with routine 20-minute workouts between 16 and 39 weeks' gestation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 97% of the studies fetal heart rate increased during and after exercise. This was significant at all gestational ages and with all forms of exercise with an overall increase of 15 +/- 11 beats.min-1 at 60% +/- 12% of maximal aerobic capacity (mean +/- SD). The magnitude increased with gestational age (10 +/- 8 to 20 +/- 11 beats.min-1), exercise intensity (8 +/- 7 to 21 +/- 13 beats.min-1), and exercise duration (8 +/- 4 to 16 +/- 7 beats.min-1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that the hypothesis is correct and speculate that these changes represent a maturing fetal response to a reduction in Po2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Biology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44109-1998.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Clapp
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Little
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Capeless
mesh_terms: D001642:Bicycling; D001831:Body Temperature; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012420:Running; D013550:Swimming; D013997:Time Factors