title: Human macrophage responses to vaccine strains of influenza virus: synthesis of viral proteins, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 inhibitor.
abstract: Interactions between influenza viruses and human macrophages were examined to detect potential mechanisms for enhanced febrile reactions previously associated with administration of an avian-human H1N1 reassortant vaccine. Cells exposed to that strain were compared with cells exposed to wild-type and cold-adapted H1H1 and H3H2 strains and an avian-human H3N2 strain. Cells exposed to the avian-human H1N1 virus showed increased synthesis of viral neuraminidase, previously reported to induce fever-producing cytokines, but no detectable increase in production of interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha measured by immunoassay, or decrease in interleukin-1 inhibitor activity by bioassay.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, NY 14642.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008222:Lymphokines; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014764:Viral Proteins; D009439:Neuraminidase