title: Hyperinsulinemia in macrosomic infants of nondiabetic mothers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We tested the hypothesis that macrosomic infants of nondiabetic mothers are more likely to have hyperinsulinemia and increased subcutaneous fat.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma insulin concentrations were measured in cord blood from 50 macrosomic infants and 32 normal-sized (control), term infants. All mothers had had a normal 50-g 1-h GCT. Skin-fold measurements of the triceps and subscapular area were done on 44 macrosomic infants with a Halpern caliper.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No difference was observed in GCT between mothers of macrosomic (5.8 +/- 1.0 mM) and normal (5.7 mM) infants. The insulin level in macrosomic infants (18.75 +/- 19.08 microU/ml) was significantly higher than in control infants (8.67 +/- 6.64 microU/ml). Macrosomia was a predictor of hyperinsulinemia and vice versa (R2 = 0.26). Maternal height, prepregnancy weight, and weight gain were predictors for macrosomia (R2 = 0.26). No differences were noted in anthropometric measurements between hyperinsulinemic and normoinsulinemic infants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A subset of macrosomic infants have hyperinsulinemia. Maternal anthropometric factors as well as hyperinsulinemia are correlated with macrosomia. The macrosomia may be causally related to the high insulin levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants' Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hoegsberg
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Gruppuso
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Coustan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D005865:Gestational Age; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012016:Reference Values; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin