title: Inositol trisphosphate restores impaired human gallbladder motility associated with cholesterol stones.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gallbladder motility is impaired in specimens with cholesterol stones but normal with pigment stones.
  
  
  METHODS
  Muscle cells obtained from 19 human gallbladders with cholesterol stones and 11 with pigment stones were enzymatically digested and contracted with cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8), acetylcholine, and KCl.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Muscle cells from pigment stones had a greater contraction than cells from cholesterol stones. CCK-8-induced contraction was unaffected by calcium-free media but was blocked by strontium. Potassium-evoked contraction was blocked by a calcium-free media and unaffected by strontium. Inositol triphosphate (IP-3)-induced contraction was similar to the contraction caused by CCK-8 in permeable cells from pigment stones but was greater than the response to CCK-8 in cells from cholesterol stones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Muscle cells from gallbladders with cholesterol stones contract less than cells from gallbladders with pigment stones; CCK-8-induced contraction only uses stored calcium; and IP-3 causes contractions of equal magnitude in cells from gallbladders with cholesterol and pigment stones. These abnormalities could result from an impaired receptor activation of the mechanism for IP-3 generation and release of stored calcium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Behar
authors.forename: B Y
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Rhim
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Biancani
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D012844:Sincalide / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D002784:Cholesterol; D012844:Sincalide; D000109:Acetylcholine; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium