title: D-lysine reduces the non-enzymatic glycation of proteins in experimental diabetes mellitus in rats.
abstract: D-Lysine, the non-physiological isomer of L-lysine, can competitively reduce protein non-enzymatic glycation in vitro. To study the effect of D-lysine in vivo, 6-8-week old Sprague-Dawley rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus were treated from diagnosis for 45 days with two daily subcutaneous injections of D-lysine (0.5 g.ml-1.day-1). Another group of diabetic rats was only injected with equal volumes of physiological saline (0.9% NaCl). Glycated haemoglobin was measured by ion exchange chromatography, and glycated serum and lens proteins by boronate affinity gel chromatography. Serum and urinary creatinine concentrations were evaluated by the alkaline-picrate reaction. Urinary lysine concentrations at mid- and end-study were evaluated by cation exchange chromatography. Blood glucose concentrations, serum creatinine levels and creatinine clearances, measured at the end of the study, were similar in both diabetic groups (> 22.0 mmol/l, < or = 106 mumol/l and approximately 0.02 ml/s, respectively). Urinary lysine concentration in D-lysine-treated diabetic animals was more than 50-fold higher than in placebo-treated diabetic rats. In D-lysine-treated vs placebo-treated diabetic animals, a statistically significant reduction was found in the levels of glycated haemoglobin (stable HbA1; mean +/- SD = 3.00 +/- 0.74% vs 4.02 +/- 0.46%, p < 0.05; labile HbA1 = 3.92 +/- 0.89% vs 5.84 +/- 0.61%, p < 0.005), glycated serum proteins (1.40 +/- 0.47% vs 2.52 +/- 1.15%, p < 0.05) and glycated lens proteins (4.90 +/- 0.96% vs 5.98 +/- 0.65%, p < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Cattedra di Medicina Costituzionale ed Endocrinologia, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sensi
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: De Rossi
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Celi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cristina
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosati
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Perrett
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Andreani
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Di Mario
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006031:Glycosylation / Q000187:drug effects; D008239:Lysine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012016:Reference Values; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D000093422:Glycated Serum Proteins
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D001798:Blood Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008239:Lysine; D000093422:Glycated Serum Proteins