title: Flight helmet weight, +Gz forces, and neck muscle strain.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of flight helmet weight on cervical erector spinae muscle strain under high +Gz forces. Two helmets of different weight were compared by recording inflight neck muscle activities with a portable surface-integrated EMG (IEMG) device. The obtained IEMG activities were normalized by comparing them with activities representing maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the muscles. Two test pilots carried out a total of 16 flights consisting of a series of different maneuvers. The results indicate that a lighter flight helmet may--at least in some pilots--cause less strain on neck structures than a heavier one. The effect of helmet weight was readily apparent only under high +Gz forces; changing from a heavier to a lighter helmet reduced the mean muscular strain from 9.5 to 8.8% and from 20.2 to 17.1% of the MVC under +4.0 and +7.0 Gz, respectively. Thus, some, but not all, acute inflight neck pain and related problems might be avoided by using lighter flight helmets.
authors.affiliation: Air Force Academy, Kauhava, Finland.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hämäläinen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000337:Aerospace Medicine; D001359:Aviation; D006112:Gravitation; D006260:Head Protective Devices / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000293:injuries*; D013180:Sprains and Strains / Q000209:etiology*