Transient myocardial ischemia after a first acute myocardial infarction and its relation to clinical characteristics, predischarge exercise testing and cardiac events at one-year follow-up.
The relation between early out-of-hospital ambulatory ST-segment monitoring, clinical characteristics, predischarge maximal exercise testing and cardiac events was determined in 123 consecutive men (age 55 +/- 8 years) with a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI). During 36 hours of ambulatory recording 11 +/- 5 days after AMI 23 patients (19%) had 123 ischemic episodes (group 1), whereas 100 patients demonstrated no ischemia (group 2). Exercise-induced ST-segment depression was more prevalent in group 1 (83%) than in group 2 (47%) (p < 0.005). Group 1 patients also had more severe ischemia as judged from a shorter exercise duration before significant ST-segment depression (5.5 +/- 2.4 vs 7.7 +/- 4.1 minutes; p < 0.03) and more pronounced ST-segment depression on exercise testing (4.1 +/- 2.6 vs 2.6 +/- 1.6 mm; p < 0.03). Furthermore, exercise test results revealed an impaired hemodynamic response in group 1 compared with group 2: systolic blood pressure at maximal work load 160 +/- 31 vs 176 +/- 28 mm Hg (p < 0.025) and systolic blood pressure increase during exercise 41 +/- 24 vs 56 +/- 22 mm Hg (p < 0.01). With-in 368 +/- 8 days of follow-up the frequency of cardiac events (cardiac death, nonfatal reinfarction, and severe angina including the need of revascularization) was 52% in group 1 compared with 22% in group 2 (p < 0.01). Exercise-induced ischemia did not predict an adverse outcome: event rate 30 vs 25% in patients without residual ischemia (p = NS).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mickley
H
H
Department of Cardiology B, Odense University Hospital, Denmark.
Pless
P
P
Nielsen
J R
JR
Berning
J
J
Møller
M
M
D004452:Echocardiography; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; D005080:Exercise Test; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011379:Prognosis; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology