title: Endotoxin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced interleukin-8 release in humans.
abstract: Neutrophil recruitment and activation are thought to play an important role in tissue damage observed in septicemia. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a small cytokine with important neutrophil-activating and chemoattractant properties. IL-8 release was studied after injection of human volunteers with low doses of either endotoxin (2 ng/kg of body weight) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) (50 micrograms/m2). After TNF-alpha injection, IL-8 appeared at 30 min, whereas increased levels were first observed after 90 min in endotoxin-challenged volunteers. Peak levels were measured at 120 min after both endotoxin (192 +/- 193 ng/L) and TNF alpha (500 +/- 236 ng/L) injection. These data indicate that IL-8 is released in humans after injection of endotoxin and TNF alpha and suggest that endotoxin-induced IL-8 release is mediated by TNF alpha.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: van Deventer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van der Poll
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hack
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Aarden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004926:Escherichia coli; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004731:Endotoxins; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C044101:endotoxin, Escherichia coli