title: Lack of norepinephrine--neuropeptide Y interactions in the hypothalamic control of cardiovascular regulation in urethane-anesthetized rats.
abstract: Noradrenergic input to the hypothalamus is implicated in cardiovascular and behavioral regulation. The hypothalamus also contains high concentrations of neuropeptide Y (NPY), which often is colocalized in noradrenergic neurons. Systemically, NPY has been demonstrated to act synergistically with norepinephrine. Injections of concentrated solutions of NPY into the cerebral ventricles or hypothalamus have been found to alter ingestive behaviours, but the role of NPY in cardiovascular regulation is unknown. The objectives of this study were to determine if NPY injected directly into the hypothalamus elicits cardiovascular responses and (or) if the simultaneous administration of NPY with norepinephrine alters the cardiovascular responses elicited by norepinephrine alone. The hypothalamus of the urethane-anesthetized rat was mapped for heart rate and blood pressure responses to injections of one of the following: saline; NPY (1.9 or 0.6 pmol per injection site); norepinephrine (24, 81, or 243 nmol per injection site); or the combination of norepinephrine plus NPY. Site and drug selection were randomized. Injections of 0.25 microL were at 1.0 microL/min, bilaterally for bilateral structures and unilaterally for midline structures. Norepinephrine routinely elicited dose-dependent increases in blood pressure with latencies of approximately 1 min, which peaked by 3-5 min, accompanied or followed by tachycardia. Saline and NPY injections alone elicited no significant responses in any site. When NPY was injected together with norepinephrine, there were no significant alterations in cardiovascular variables except for attenuation of pressor responses when NPY was injected into the preoptic region and attenuation of tachycardia when NPY was injected into the caudal hypothalamus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Petrie
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D007034:Hypothalamus, Posterior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014520:Urethane
chemical_list: D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D014520:Urethane; D009638:Norepinephrine