title: Characterization of mutants within the gene for the adenovirus E3 14.7-kilodalton protein which prevents cytolysis by tumor necrosis factor.
abstract: The 14,700-Da protein (14.7K protein) encoded by the E3 region of adenovirus has previously been shown to protect mouse cells from cytolysis by tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Delineating the sequences in the 14.7K protein that are required for this activity may provide insight into the mechanism of protection from TNF by 14.7K as well as the mechanism of TNF cytolysis. In the present study, we examined the ability of 14.7K mutants to protect cells from lysis by TNF. In-frame deletions as well as Cys-to-Ser mutations in the 14.7K gene were generated by site-directed mutagenesis and then built into the genome of a modified adenovirus type 5 (dl7001) that lacks all E3 genes. dl7001, which replicates to the same titers as does adenovirus type 5 in cultured cells, has the largest E3 deletion analyzed to date. 51Cr release was used to assay TNF cytolysis. Our results indicate that most mutations in the 14.7K gene result in a loss of function, suggesting that nearly the entire protein rather than a specific domain functions to prevent TNF cytolysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, St. Louis University School of Medicine, Missouri 63104.
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Ranheim
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shisler
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Horton
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wold
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Gooding
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Wold
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D017503:Adenovirus E3 Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005814:Genes, Viral; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000633:toxicity*; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017503:Adenovirus E3 Proteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins