Absence or delayed appearance of hepatitis B core antibody in chronic hepatitis B surface antigen carrier children.
An absence of the hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier children has been reported before, but whether anti-HBc will ultimately appear is unknown. In a group of 420 HBsAg carrier children who were followed longitudinally, 10 (2.4%) had an absence or delayed appearance of serum anti-HBc. These 10 children were persistently seropositive for HBsAg, hepatitis B e-antigen, and hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV-DNA). Anti-HBc never appeared in 4, one of whom was a case of hepatitis B vaccine failure and became an HBsAg carrier. Three of the 4 were born to HBsAg carrier mothers. Liver biopsy in one revealed non-specific reactive hepatitis (NSRH). All 4 were asymptomatic during follow-up. Mothers of the other 6 children who had delayed appearance of anti-HBc were also HBsAg carriers. The children seroconverted to anti-HBc positivity between 2 and 8 years of age, and the titer of serum anti-HBc at the first appearance varied. There were no significant changes in liver function tests, HBV-DNA levels, or associated symptoms and signs before and after seroconversion. Liver biopsies were performed before anti-HBc seroconversion in 2 children and showed NSRH. All 10 children had a moderate to high replication of HBV as shown by the high titer of HBsAg and HBV-DNA. The absence of anti-HBc occurred almost exclusively in children who were infected perinatally.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ni
Y H
YH
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China.
Hsu
H Y
HY
Chang
M H
MH
Chen
D S
DS
Lee
C Y
CY
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002353:Carrier State / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000276:immunology*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D006512:Hepatitis B Core Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors
D015415:Biomarkers; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006512:Hepatitis B Core Antigens; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens