title: Right ventricular function in early septic shock states.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define a variable which could reliably predict when fluid resuscitation as monotherapy is not expected to improve organ perfusion pressure, owing to limitations in cardiac output responsiveness in patients with severe sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anesthesiological ICU in a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty seven patients in early septic shock states (MAP < 60 mmHg).
  
  
  METHODS
  Infusion therapy was titrated until no further increase in cardiac index and mean arterial pressure could be achieved. Fluid resuscitation as monotherapy was deemed unsuccessful at the end of 2 h if inotropic or vasoactive pharmacologic support was required to maintain a mean arterial pressure > 60 mmHg.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We investigated the hemodynamic course during fluid resuscitation (2850 +/- 210 ml crystalloids) with special emphasis on right heart function using the thermodilution technique. Eleven patients (group A) had a right ventricular (RV) ejection fraction below 45%. In this group positive inotropic and/or vasoactive drugs were obligatory to achieve and maintain a sufficient perfusion pressure (MAP > 60 mmHg) after fluid challenge.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In 27 septic shock patients investigated, we diagnosed right ventricular dysfunction in 41%. In this specific patient population fluid replacement alone did not succeed in stabilizing hemodynamic variables, therefore necessitating catecholamine therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and General Intensive Care Medicine, University of Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Redl
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Germann
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Plattner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hammerle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002407:Catheterization, Swan-Ganz; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines