title: Dynamic electromyography in functional surgery for upper limb spasticity.
abstract: Surgery to improve upper limb function after stroke, closed head injury, or other causes of acquired spasticity is generally accomplished by a combination of muscle transfer, lengthening, and/or release. Dynamic electromyography can be used to identify voluntary muscle action, delineate the deforming motor forces when spasticity is present, and provide guidance for surgical planning to improve prehensile hand function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loyola University Medical School, Maywood, Illinois.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Pinzur
mesh_terms: D001132:Arm / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D004576:Electromyography; D006227:Hand Deformities, Acquired / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D009132:Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery