title: Placebo-controlled trial of flosequinan in moderate heart failure. The possible importance of aetiology and method of analysis in the interpretation of the results of heart failure trials.
abstract: One hundred-thirty five patients with moderate heart failure, recruited from 18 centres, were included in a double blind, placebo controlled study to evaluate the effects of flosequinan on symptom limited tread-mill exercise tolerance. Fifteen patients in the placebo group were withdrawn from the study compared with 14 from the group given flosequinan. New York Heart Association classification was improved at week 16 in the flosequinan group relative to those randomised to placebo (P < 0.01). Depending how the other results are analysed flosequinan either appeared to have no effect on symptom limited exercise tolerance in those who completed the study; a suggestion of superiority if an analysis at endpoint is used (P = 0.09), or, if a covariate analysis at endpoint is used, then a significant improvement can be demonstrated (P = 0.04). Subset analysis suggests that the aetiology of the heart failure and the dose of diuretics used might have a major effect on the response to treatment. The best way of analysing clinical trials in heart failure is not clear as the results can be profoundly influenced by the way data from withdrawn patients are handled. The aetiology and diuretic requirement of patients may influence their response to treatment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital, Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cowley
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: McEntegart
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002303:Cardiac Output, Low / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005080:Exercise Test; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011804:Quinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D011804:Quinolines; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C047316:flosequinan