title: Correlates of patterns of substance abuse among patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Most previous research on substance abuse among patients with schizophrenia has not considered the types of substances abused or the confounding influences of polysubstance abuse. The authors' goals were to identify patterns of substance abuse among a sample of subjects with schizophrenia and to determine demographic and clinical correlates of these patterns.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects with schizophrenia were identified from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study data base, which also provided information on the types of substances abused and on selected demographic and clinical characteristics. Latent class analysis was used to group subjects based on their patterns of substance abuse. Logistic regression was used to identify demographic and clinical correlates of the patterns.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three latent classes based on patterns of substance abuse were identified: no substance abuse, abuse of alcohol and cannabis, and polysubstance abuse. Subjects with either of the two patterns of substance abuse were more likely to be younger and male and to have depressive symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results do not support a link between abuse of specific substances and specific clinical symptoms but do suggest a general link between substance abuse and affective disturbance among schizophrenic patients.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Mental Health Services Research, Berkeley, CA 94704.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Cuffel
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Heithoff
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lawson
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D015233:Models, Statistical; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs