title: Vitamin E as an adjuvant in an Escherichia coli J5 vaccine.
abstract: Vitamin E was tested as an adjuvant in an Escherichia coli (O111:B4) J5 vaccine. Twenty cows were assigned to five groups of 4 cows. Cows in four groups were vaccinated with an E. coli J5 bacterin containing 5 ml of 10(9) boiled cells/ml. Vaccinations were at drying off, 30 d after drying off, and within 48 h after calving. Vaccine adjuvants differed among groups. The four treatment adjuvants were 5 ml of Freund's incomplete adjuvant, 5 ml of vitamin E, 2.5 ml of Freund's plus 2.5 ml of vitamin E, and 5 ml of PBS. Cows in the fifth group were unimmunized controls. A front mammary quarter of each cow was challenged by infusion of 10 micrograms of E. coli J5 lipopolysaccharide approximately 4 wk into lactation. Vitamin E alone enhanced serum IgM titers but had no effect on milk IgM or serum and milk IgG titers. The mixture of Freund's plus vitamin E resulted in peak IgG titers in serum and milk comparable with that of Freund's alone. Persistency of IgG titers in cows immunized with the Freund's plus vitamin E mixture was greater than the persistency of titers for cows immunized with the vaccine containing Freund's alone as the adjuvant. The mixture of Freund's plus vitamin E had a synergistic effect in reducing severity of systemic clinical signs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dairy Science, Ohio State University, Wooster 44691.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hogan
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Todhunter
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Schoenberger
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D004926:Escherichia coli; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D022361:Escherichia coli Vaccines; D005260:Female; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007774:Lactation; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D022361:Escherichia coli Vaccines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D014810:Vitamin E; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant