title: [Progress in diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)--diagnostic criteria of DIC].
abstract: DIC is an acquired disorder in which intravascular coagulation may lead to microvascular fibrin formation and a hemorrhagic diathesis. If DIC is acute and severe, fibrin formation may lead to microvascular thrombosis, and consumption of coagulation factors and platelets may result in a hemorrhagic diathesis. Secondary to or simultaneously with coagulation, the fibrinolytic system may be activated, accentuating the bleeding tendency. All the systems involved in DIC, such as coagulation, fibrinolysis, kallikrein-kinin, complement, and possibly other systems are regulated. Coagulation is the central event of DIC. The different coagulation factor derivatives may be generated that can be determined and used as markers for the degree of DIC and for effective control of therapy. Some of the procoagulant and anticoagulant factors are converted in the course of coagulation to their active forms and activation peptides. The active factor is subsequently neutralized by forming a complex with an inhibitor. Hemostatic molecular markers, D-dimer of cross-linked fibrin degradation products (D-dimer), thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), and plasmin-alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) have all been used for the diagnosis of DIC.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aoki
mesh_terms: D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents / Q000032:analysis; D000990:Antithrombin III / Q000032:analysis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004211:Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000032:analysis; D005341:Fibrinolysin / Q000032:analysis; D005344:Fibrinopeptide A / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000032:analysis*; D000979:alpha-2-Antiplasmin
chemical_list: D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D000979:alpha-2-Antiplasmin; C046193:antithrombin III-protease complex; C036309:fibrin fragment D; C011468:fibrinmonomer; C037742:plasmin-plasmin inhibitor complex; D005344:Fibrinopeptide A; D000990:Antithrombin III; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D005341:Fibrinolysin