title: HCO3- reduces paracellular permeability of guinea pig duodenal mucosa by a Ca2+ (prostaglandin)-dependent action.
abstract: The mechanism of HCO3(-)-induced decrease in electrical conductance (Gt) of guinea pig duodenal mucosa was investigated in vitro. Gt and unidirectional fluxes of mannitol (M), Na+, and Cl- were straightly correlated. In the presence of HCO3- (20 mM), elevating the bath concentration of Ca2+ from 0 to 1.2 mM caused decreases in Gt and Na+ fluxes by approximately 30%. Smaller reductions were found in the absence of HCO-3. With the addition of Ca2+, Gt and unidirectional fluxes were lower with than without HCO3-. In the latter condition, PM/PNa, PM/PCl, and PNa/PCl (P is permeability) were close or equal to ratios predictable from free solution diffusion coefficients; with HCO3-, ratios became different or more different and PM/PNa was reduced. Straightly correlated were conductivities of six differently composed HCO3(-)-free salines and Gt of tissues bathed therein. This correlation did not embrace HCO3- Ringer. The Gt effect of Ca2+ (HCO3- present) was mimicked by prostaglandin E2 and reduced (by approximately 40%) by Ca2+ channel blockers (diltiazem, gallopamil), cyclooxygenase inhibitors (meclofenamate, diclofenac), cytochalasin D, and trifluoperazine. We conclude that without HCO3-, paracellular solute flow occurs mainly via structures resembling a free-solution shunt; HCO3-, through an action made more efficient by Ca(2+)-mediated prostaglandin synthesis and possibly involving microfilaments, strengthens a discriminatory barrier.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmakologie, Medizinischen Fakultät, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Macherey
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sprakties
authors.forename: K U
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Petersen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015638:Cytochalasin D / Q000494:pharmacology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D010539:Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D014268:Trifluoperazine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D014268:Trifluoperazine; D015638:Cytochalasin D; D015232:Dinoprostone; D002118:Calcium