title: Nasal ketamine for paediatric premedication.
abstract: Ketamine in a dose of 6 mg.kg-1 was nasally administered in 86 healthy children (ASA I and II), aged from two to five years undergoing elective general, urological or plastic surgery, 20 to 40 min before the scheduled surgery time. These children were compared with 62 others, also aged from two to five years, in whom promethazine and meperidine, 1 mg.kg-1 of each, were injected im. Sedation was started as excellent in 48 and as adequate in 19 children in the ketamine group, compared with nine and 12 respectively in Group 2 (P < 0.05), while salivation was similar in both groups. We conclude that nasal ketamine is an alternative to im preanaesthetic sedation administration in children aged from two to five years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Weksler
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ovadia
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Muati
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stav
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008614:Meperidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication; D011398:Promethazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012472:Salivation / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007649:Ketamine; D008614:Meperidine; D011398:Promethazine