title: Urethral prolapse in children.
abstract: We report our experience with 23 girls with urethral prolapse. Vaginal bleeding was the most common complaint, and predisposing factors (cough, trauma, and constipation) were found in 10 children. Although reported almost exclusively in black girls, 14 of the 23 patients were white. Three basic techniques were used for therapy: conservative management, ligation over a Foley catheter, and total excision of the prolapse. Ligation over a Foley catheter had a high incidence of complications (partial recurrence, infection, postoperative pain) and is no longer used. The best results were obtained by complete excision of the urethral prolapse. We propose that treatment should be based on the etiopathogenesis of the prolapse and the clinical condition of the child; patients with a single and acute episode of increased abdominal pressure, such as trauma, and those at high risk for general anesthesia are managed by conservative therapy. All others, and patients who fail medical treatment, undergo surgical excision.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dekermacher
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sabadin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vaz
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation / Q000379:methods; D011391:Prolapse; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery; D014522:Urethral Diseases / Q000208:ethnology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy