title: A double-blind trial of a nicotine inhaler for smoking cessation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of a new nicotine inhaler system for smoking cessation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 1-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical outpatient clinic with physicians experienced in smoking cessation assistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 286 volunteers who smoked at least 10 cigarettes daily recruited through a local newspaper.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were randomly allocated to nicotine inhalers (n = 145) or placebo (n = 141) to be used for 3 months followed by tapering for 3 months in the context of minimal levels of advice and support.
  
  
  METHODS
  Continuous smoking abstinence at weeks 6, 12, 24, and 52, verified by measurements of carbon monoxide in expired air.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Continuous smoking abstinence was significantly higher for the active nicotine inhaler group compared with the placebo inhaler group. The respective success rates were 28% and 12% after 6 weeks, 21% and 9% after 12 weeks, 17% and 8% after 6 months, and 15% and 5% after 1 year (P = .02 to .001). The mean nicotine substitution based on cotinine determinations after 2 weeks was 43% (SD, 45%) of smoking levels. The treatment was well tolerated, and no serious adverse events were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this setting the nicotine inhaler appeared safe to use and increased success rates of smoking cessation attempts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tønnesen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nørregaard
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mikkelsen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nilsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000032:analysis; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine; D002248:Carbon Monoxide