title: Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 infections in Nigeria.
abstract: The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) types 1 and 2 infections in Nigeria was estimated from 3854 serum samples collected at 21 locations from 1985 to 1990. Seventy-eight samples (2.0%) were reactive for HIV-1 and 49 (1.3%) for HIV-2 antibodies; 5 samples were reactive for both viruses. The prevalence of HIV-1 and -2 infections, respectively, was highest among 60 female prostitutes, with 10% and 6.7% positive. For other groups the respective rates of positivity were 4.1% and 3.4% in 610 patients with sexually transmitted diseases, 3.6% and 1.4% in 140 tuberculosis patients, 1.6% and 0.6% of 1253 other medical patients, and 1.2% and 0.9% of 1640 volunteer blood donors. Of 153 health care workers, 1.3% were positive for HIV-1 only. The age group from 20 to 29 years had the highest prevalences of HIV-1 (3.3%) and -2 (2.2%). In Nigeria, antibody prevalence for both viruses appears to have increased > 10-fold between 1986 and 1990.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Viral Oncology and AIDS Research, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
authors.forename: O D
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Olaleye
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Ekweozor
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Omilabu
authors.forename: X Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sullivan-Halley
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rasheed
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001782:Blood Donors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D011477:Sex Work; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000150:complications; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies