title: Gastric ulcer perforation associated with the use of injectable ketorolac.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of a perforated gastric ulcer associated with the use of injectable ketorolac tromethamine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 77-year-old woman with no previous history of peptic ulcer disease developed a perforated gastric ulcer after four days of treatment with ketorolac. To date, six other cases of gastrointestinal (GI) perforation associated with the use of ketorolac have been reported to the manufacturer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although ketorolac is an effective analgesic, it is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent and thus has the propensity for causing GI ulceration. Caution should be used when administering this drug and patients should be monitored for GI adverse effects.
authors.affiliation: United Hospital, St. Paul.
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Estes
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Fuhs
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Heaton
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Butwinick
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine; D010439:Peptic Ulcer Perforation / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced*; D014046:Tolmetin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D014325:Tromethamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D014325:Tromethamine; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine; D014046:Tolmetin