title: Unilateral cholinergic stimulation of the rabbit's cerebellar flocculus: asymmetric effects on optokinetic responses.
abstract: In previous work, we have demonstrated an acceleration of the buildup of slow-phase velocity of optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) after bilateral floccular injection of the aselective cholinergic agonist carbachol (Tan and Collewijn 1991; Tan et al. 1992a). In the present study we investigated the effects of unilateral floccular injections of carbachol. Such unilateral injections specifically enhanced the buildup of OKN slow-phase velocity in the direction toward the injected flocculus (ipsiversive). During binocular optokinetic stimulation, this enhancement was expressed in the motion of both eyes. Acceleration of the eye contralateral to the injected flocculus increased from 1 to about 2 degrees/s2, while the acceleration of the ipsilateral eye increased from 1 to about 1.5 degrees/s2. In contrast, buildup of contraversive OKN was unchanged. No changes were found in the steady-state OKN and optokinetic afternystagmus (OKAN). Monocular optokinetic stimulation was only effective in the nasal direction, and the effects of unilateral injection of carbachol were disconjugate. Ipsiversive OKN was enhanced only in the contralateral, seeing eye, while the response of the ipsilateral, covered eye was unchanged. We hypothesize that the directionally specific effect of unilateral cholinergic floccular stimulation on OKN is due to enhancement of predominantly the excitatory phase of modulation of the Purkinje cell's simple-spike activity by carbachol, without a marked effect of carbachol on the inhibitory phase of simple-spike modulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology I, Faculty of Medicine, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Collewijn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van der Steen
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000187:drug effects; D017120:Nystagmus, Optokinetic / Q000502:physiology*; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011689:Purkinje Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D015348:Vision, Binocular
chemical_list: D002217:Carbachol; D000109:Acetylcholine