title: Changes in energy substrates in relation to arterial ketone body ratio after human orthotopic liver transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Changes in energy substrate metabolism, as well as those in arterial ketone body ratio (KBR; acetoacetate/3-hydroxybutyrate), were investigated to follow energy status of hepatic allograft.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma concentrations of energy substrates were measured immediately after 35 orthotopic liver transplantations in 32 adult patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-three patients left the intensive care unit within 1 month (group A), six patients were forced to stay in the intensive care unit longer than 1 month (group B), and the other six grafts failed within 1 month (group C). In group B the KBR was significantly lower than in group A 6 hours after reperfusion of the grafts (0.70 +/- 0.09 vs 1.21 +/- 0.10, mean +/- SEM; p < 0.05). In group C the KBR remained significantly lower than in group A at 6 hours (0.65 +/- 0.04 vs 1.21 +/- 0.10; p < 0.01), on the first postoperative day (0.64 +/- 0.03 vs 1.36 +/- 0.10; p < 0.001), and on the second postoperative day (0.65 +/- 0.02 vs 1.58 +/- 0.11; p < 0.01). Total ketone body concentration (TKB) was significantly higher in group B than in group A at 4 hours (462.9 +/- 105.0 mumol/L vs 201.6 +/- 32.6 mumol/L; p < 0.01), 6 hours (483.4 +/- 102.1 mumol/L vs 125.5 +/- 25.9 mumol/L; p < 0.001), and the first postoperative day (481.1 +/- 196.6 mumol/L vs 123.9 +/- 24.1 mumol/L; p < 0.001). No increase in TKB was observed in group C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is suggested that low values in KBR accompanied with low levels of TKB should be regarded as a strong indicator of graft failure and fatty acid oxidation and ketogenic pathways are accelerated to compensate for energy deficits in patients with low values in KBR and high levels of TKB until KBR recovers immediately after orthotopic liver transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Abdominal- und Transplantationschirurgie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, West Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ringe
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gubernatis
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaoka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oellerich
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ozawa
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pichlmayr
mesh_terms: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D006499:Hepatic Artery; D006801:Humans; D007657:Ketone Bodies / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D007902:Length of Stay; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A; D007657:Ketone Bodies; C008047:3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A