title: Psychiatry is more than a science.
abstract: Some loosely framed hypotheses may be stated. (a) Psychiatry depends on science and considerably more besides. (b) Consideration of the clinical methods of psychiatry enables us to characterise six axioms of fundamental importance to the subject which are primary features of human experience, not derived from any theory, ethically neutral and in principle independent of culture. (c) These axioms do not belong to the world of science, in that they are unlikely ever to be fully comprehended by scientific methods. Although they can to a limited extent be studied scientifically, in essence they belong to that part of the world of human experience which is not amenable to scientific study. They are of critical importance to psychiatry, and may be of relevance to all clinical specialties. (d) Psychoanalytic theory and its derivatives contain much that has a bearing on these axioms. Insofar as there is a connection, the theory derives from the axioms rather than vice versa. (e) In their concern with the uniqueness of the individual, his/her inner feelings and thoughts, consciousness of self, empathy and transactions with others, the axioms have common ground with the group of disciplines known as the humanities. (f) Their relationship with the humanities is not such that one can at present identify specific advantages to the psychiatrist (or to the mentally ill person) that might accrue from studying particular topics in literature, art and music. (g) Among the humanities, the one subject that may prove to have relevance to appropriate theory and competent practice is philosophy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: University of London, Charter Nightingale Hospital.
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Cawley
mesh_terms: D003479:Curriculum; D005194:Family Practice / Q000193:education; D005544:Forecasting; D006809:Humanities / Q000193:education; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D010552:Personality Assessment; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011379:Prognosis; D011570:Psychiatry / Q000193:education / Q000639:trends*; D011572:Psychoanalysis / Q000193:education / Q000639:trends; D012586:Science / Q000193:education