title: Oral candidiasis is associated with low levels of parotid calprotectin in individuals with infection due to human immunodeficiency virus.
abstract: The level of the antifungal leukocyte protein calprotectin was determined in parotid saliva from 44 individuals with infection due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 19 healthy HIV-seronegative controls. Nine of the HIV-infected subjects suffered from oral candidiasis. Similar calprotectin levels were found in subjects with HIV infection as a whole group and in controls. When HIV-infected individuals with or without oral candidiasis were compared, the calprotectin level was significantly lower in the former group (67 micrograms/L vs. 216 micrograms/L). We suggest that calprotectin may play a role in the defense against oral candidal infections in HIV-infected patients, although several other antimicrobial factors also are probably operative.
authors.affiliation: Kaptein W. Wilhelmsen og frues Institute of Bacteriology, University of Oslo, National Hospital, Norway.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Frøland
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brandtzaeg
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Fagerhol
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex