title: A yeast artificial chromosome covering the tyrosinase gene confers copy number-dependent expression in transgenic mice.
abstract: Expression of transgenes in mice often fails to follow the normal temporal and spatial pattern and to reach the same level as the endogenous copies. Only in exceptional cases has position-independent and copy number-dependent expression been reproduced. The size constraint of standard constructs may prevent the inclusion of important remote regulatory elements. Yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) provide a means of cloning large DNA fragments and the transfer of YAC DNA into somatic cells has been reported. We have previously produced transgenic mice carrying a 35 kilobase YAC construct. Here we report the transfer of a 250 kilobase YAC covering the mouse tyrosinase gene into mice by pronuclear injection of gel-purified YAC DNA. The YAC was inserted into the mouse genome without major rearrangements and expression of the YAC-borne tyrosinase gene resulted in complete rescue of the albino phenotype of the recipient mice. Expression from the transgene reached levels comparable to that of the endogenous gene and showed copy number dependence and position independence.
authors.affiliation: Division Molecular Biology of the Cell I, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schedl
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Montoliu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kelsey
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schütz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D015342:DNA Probes; D005091:Exons; D005260:Female; D005821:Genetic Techniques; D006200:Hair Color / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D009865:Oocytes; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D015342:DNA Probes; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase