title: Cholesterol metabolism in rat adrenal gland during reversible endotoxic shock.
abstract: The adrenal glands have a crucial role for survival during endotoxic shock. Cholesterol is the obligatory intermediary in corticosteroid biosynthesis; thus any alteration in either the availability of cholesterol or in the ability of the adrenal gland to use cholesterol would have a profound effect on corticosteroid production. We have studied the effect of Escherichia coli endotoxin on cholesterol metabolism, injecting lipopolysaccharide (1.6 mg/100 g body) from E. coli 0111:B4 into the tail vein of male Wistar rat. Previous studies from this laboratory have shown that this dose of lipopolysaccharide induces a reversible endotoxic shock. During reversible endotoxic shock there is an alteration in plasma cholesterol; plasma total-cholesterol levels increase mainly at 6-24 h post-lipopolysaccharide injection, whereas cholesterol in high-density lipoproteins shows no significant variations, except a slight but significant decrease at 24 h. The cholesterol content in adrenal gland is diminished in endotoxemic rat, this decrease is more important at 6-24 h after endotoxin injection. We have also measured the acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase (ACAT) and cholesterol-esterase (CEH) activity during endotoxic shock. ACAT activity decreases after lipopolysaccharide injection. ACAT activity in endotoxemic rats is approximately 35-40% of the activity in control rats. This decrease is due to a defect in the functional capacity of the enzyme, since with exogenous cholesterol there is no significant variation in the ACAT activity. CEH activity, in contrast, increases during endotoxic shock; it shows a maximum (twofold the activity seen in control rats) at 6 h after lipopolysaccharide injection. These results show that lipopolysaccharide injection modifies cholesterol metabolism in plasma and in the adrenal gland, either directly or by mediators.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abarca
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: García
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D004926:Escherichia coli; D007700:Kinetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000378:metabolism*; D002787:Sterol Esterase / Q000378:metabolism; D002785:Sterol O-Acyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D002784:Cholesterol; D002785:Sterol O-Acyltransferase; D002787:Sterol Esterase