title: Clinical scoring system in the evaluation of adult pharyngitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare results of a clinical scoring system for diagnosis of group A streptococcal pharyngitis with microbiologic results, when several different pharyngeal pathogens were tested simultaneously.
  
  
  METHODS
  Evaluation of clinical manifestations of 106 adult patients with pharyngitis of different microbial origin.
  
  
  METHODS
  General private practice; Health Center Pulssi, Turku, Finland.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult patients whose chief complaints were sore throats.
  
  
  METHODS
  A symptom score that was assigned to each patient according to the total number of certain signs and symptoms that are postulated to increase the probability of group A streptococcal pharyngitis and blood measurements for infection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest symptom scores, 3 and 4, were found in 21 patients. These patients had pharyngitis due to group A streptococcus (four patients), group C streptococcus (four patients), group G streptococcus (two patients), group F streptococcus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, influenza A virus, influenza B virus, herpes simplex type 1 virus (two patients), and coxsackie B4 virus. No pathogen could be identified from three of the 21 patients. The C-reactive protein values and the leukocyte counts were raised significantly more often in streptococcal infections than in infections of other origin; the P values were .00016 and .028, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of a clinical scoring system alone for diagnosis of pharyngitis may lead to improper use of anti-microbial agents. There is a need for accurate microbiologic diagnostic procedures in general practice to determine proper treatment of pharyngitis as well as to test the effect of antibacterial and, in the future, antiviral treatment in respiratory tract infections.
authors.affiliation: Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, National Public Health Institute, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seppälä
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lahtonen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ziegler
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Meurman
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hakkarainen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miettinen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arstila
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eskola
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Saikku
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huovinen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein