title: Response of genetic hypercalciuric rats to a low calcium diet.
abstract: A fundamental mechanism for hypercalciuria in genetic hypercalciuric rats appears due to a primary increase in intestinal calcium absorption. However previous studies could not exclude additional mechanisms to account for the hypercalciuria. To determine if enhanced bone mineral dissolution either as a primary abnormality or secondary to a defect in renal tubule calcium reabsorption is responsible for a component of the augmented calcium excretion we studied rats continually inbred for hypercalciuria. Nineteenth generation adult female idiopathic hypercalciuric (IH) and non-inbred control (Ctl) rats were fed 13 g/day of a normal calcium diet (0.6% calcium, NCD) for 10 days. Urine calcium excretion over the last seven days was greater in IH (34 +/- 2 mg/7 day) than in Ctl (2.9 +/- 0.3, P < 0.01) rats. Some rats in each group were continued on the same diet while others were fed a low calcium diet (0.02% calcium, LCD) for an additional 10 days; balance measurements were made over the final seven days. With LCD, urine calcium excretion was approximately 8-fold higher in IH compared to Ctl (13 +/- 2 mg/7 day vs. 1.6 +/- 0.1, IH vs. Ctl, respectively, P < 0.01). In IH rats percent calcium absorption was greater (59 +/- 3% vs. 45 +/- 3, IH vs. Ctl, P < 0.01), however calcium retention was negative (-1.9 +/- 2.0 mg/7 day vs. 6.5 +/- 0.5, IH vs. Ctl, P < 0.01) compared to Ctl rats. The fall in urine calcium excretion when IH rats are fed LCD indicates that enhanced intestinal calcium absorption is a primary mechanism of the hypercalciuria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Unit, University of Rochester, New York.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Sessler
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tembe
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Favus
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bushinsky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000097:blood; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008297:Male; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000652:urine; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D010758:Phosphorus; D012964:Sodium; D002117:Calcitriol; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium