title: Pinhole eyewear systems: a special report.
abstract: Multiple pinhole discs are being promoted as part of systems claimed capable of correcting refractive error. Attempts to mitigate refractive error utilize training attributable to the systems of Bates, Peppard, and Huxley. The pinhole discs provide an array of 0.9mm apertures separated by 3mm horizontally and vertically. Because of the small aperture size, some of the optical advantages of the pinhole are offset by diffraction effects. The discs can produce multiple images and the visual experience of individuals will be a function of the user's pupil size and refractive error. These are discussed both theoretically and based on the author's observations wearing the spectacles.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wittenberg
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D005139:Eyeglasses; D006801:Humans; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000628:therapy*