title: Increases in interstitial adenosine and cerebral blood flow with inhibition of adenosine kinase and adenosine deaminase.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the changes in interstitial fluid (ISF) adenosine and cerebral blood flow (CBF) during inhibition of adenosine kinase or adenosine deaminase. Brain microdialysis was used to (a) measure CBF (H2 clearance), (b) sample cerebral ISF, and (c) deliver drugs locally to the brain. Microdialysis probes were implanted bilaterally in the caudate nucleus of halothane-anesthetized rats (n = 11). One probe was perfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) containing iodotubercidin (IODO), an adenosine kinase inhibitor, while the other probe was perfused with erythro-2-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine (EHNA), an adenosine deaminase inhibitor. Both probes were subsequently perfused with EHNA+IODO. Finally, 8-(p-sulfophenyl)theophylline (SPT), an adenosine receptor antagonist, was added to EHNA + IODO in one probe, while the other probe continued to receive only EHNA + IODO. CBF and dialysate adenosine levels increased with either EHNA or IODO; however, the increases were greater with IODO. EHNA + IODO further increased CBF and dialysate adenosine. The hyperemia observed with EHNA + IODO was abolished by adenosine receptor blockade. These data suggest that basal adenosine levels are influenced to a greater extent by adenosine kinase than by adenosine deaminase. In addition, the increased CBF observed with inhibition of adenosine metabolism and the attenuation of this vasodilatory response with adenosine receptor blockade support a role for adenosine in CBF regulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo 14215.
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Sciotti
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Van Wylen
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000241:Adenosine / Q000378:metabolism; D058892:Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; D000248:Adenosine Kinase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D015314:Dialysis Solutions / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism*; D019271:Hypoxanthine; D007042:Hypoxanthines / Q000378:metabolism; D007288:Inosine / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014372:Tubercidin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D058892:Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D007042:Hypoxanthines; C034214:5-iodotubercidin; D019271:Hypoxanthine; C010192:9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine; D007288:Inosine; D000248:Adenosine Kinase; D000225:Adenine; D000241:Adenosine; D014372:Tubercidin