title: Non-immunological risk factors in paediatric renal transplantation.
abstract: In paediatric renal transplantation, non-immunological risk factors account for about one-third of graft losses. Recurrence of original disease is observed mainly in primary hyperoxaluria and glomerulopathies such as steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. In both glomerulopathies, 20% of grafts are lost from recurrence. Vascular thrombosis is, in most series, the second cause of graft loss in children, particularly in young recipients or with young donors (under 5 years of age). Non-compliance with treatment is a common non-immunological factor in adolescent recipients, which may trigger a severe rejection process resulting in graft loss. The role of factors related to graft preservation and intra- and post-operative management (ischaemia time, delayed graft function) or to cytomegalovirus infection is less obvious in our series. Prevention of vascular thrombosis and of non-compliance is most important in order to improve the results of paediatric renal transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Hôpital des Enfants-Malades, Paris, France.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Gagnadoux
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Niaudet
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Broyer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors