Clinical significance of low or negative titer of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen during the course of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in adolescents.
Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) was measured by radioimmunoassay in 127 asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers (ASC; mean age 19) who had normal serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and 16 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CH; 19). All 16 CH patients, who were positive for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and 5 ASC cases who were negative for both HBeAg and its antibody (anti-HBe), had high anti-HBc titers. Anti-HBc titers in 27 (56.3%) of the 48 HBeAg-positive ASC and 18 (24.3%) of the 74 anti-HBe-positive ASC were relatively low. Two of the ASC were HBeAg-positive/anti-HBc-negative. In a follow-up study of the 19 HBeAg-positive ASC with low or negative anti-HBc titers, 5 had abnormal serum ALT levels and increased anti-HBc titers. In contrast, in the other 14 of these subjects, serum ALT levels remained normal and the low anti-HBc titers remained unchanged and/or decreased. The serological profile of HBsAg-positive/low or negative anti-HBc titer and increased anti-HBc titer with abnormal serum ALT levels are not necessarily exceptional in HBeAg-positive adolescent ASC. It is suggested that anti-HBc is associated with the liver damage that occurs before adolescence in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
Matsuura
K
K
Health and Medical Center, Okayama University, Japan.
Tobe
K
K
Iwasaki
Y
Y
Ikeda
H
H
Takahashi
K
K
Tsuji
T
T
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D002353:Carrier State / Q000276:immunology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology*; D006512:Hepatitis B Core Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male
D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies; D006512:Hepatitis B Core Antigens; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D000410:Alanine Transaminase