title: The ultrastructure of the basilar papilla of the budgerigar's inner ear.
abstract: The basilar papilla in the inner ear of the adult budgerigar was studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The sickle-shaped basilar papilla has short hair bundles on the proximal tip and long ones on the distal tip. The tectorial membrane shows a honeycomb-like pattern and enclosed a hair bundle in its alveolus. The papilla consists of two different types of hair cells; short and tall hair cells. The short hair cells with large efferent nerve endings are located on the free basilar membrane in the inferior part. The tall hair cells with large afferent nerve endings are located in the superior part. The similarity and difference of the structure are discussed between the budgerigar and other birds, and between birds and mammals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Umemoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakagami
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ashida
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukazawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Senda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D001489:Basilar Membrane / Q000294:innervation / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002923:Cilia / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003053:Cochlear Duct / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem / Q000502:physiology; D006198:Hair Cells, Auditory / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009411:Nerve Endings / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015388:Organelles / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010311:Parrots / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D013680:Tectorial Membrane / Q000648:ultrastructure