title: Thickened endometrium in the postmenopausal woman: sonographic-pathologic correlation.
abstract: A correlative sonographic and histopathologic analysis was performed in 35 postmenopausal women with greater than 5-mm thickening of the endometrium at pelvic sonography. Women undergoing estrogen replacement were excluded from study. Four distinct sonographic patterns were encountered. Pattern 1 consisted of echogenic endometrium with small cysts (endometrial polyp with cystic hyperplasia [n = 9], atrophic endometrium with cystically dilated glands [n = 5], and atrophic endometrium [n = 3] at microscopic examination). Pattern 2 was homogeneous echogenic endometrium (proliferative endometrium [n = 3] and adenomyomatous polyp [n = 1]). Pattern 3 was irregular, inhomogeneous endometrium with ill-defined hypoechoic areas (endometrial carcinoma [n = 5], complex hyperplasia with atypia [n = 1], blood clots [n = 1], and atrophic endometrium with eosinophilic metaplasia [n = 1]). Pattern 4 was thin endometrium with fluid in the endometrial cavity (scant atrophic endometrium [n = 6]). Thus, an endometrial thickness of greater than 5 mm in postmenopausal women is associated with a variety of pathologic conditions. Subclassification of sonographic patterns may be helpful in differentiating benign cystic atrophy or cystic endometrial hyperplasia from malignant endometrial lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21205.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sheth
authors.forename: U M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Hamper
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Kurman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001284:Atrophy; D003560:Cysts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D004714:Endometrial Hyperplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology