title: 13-cis-retinoic acid affects oxidation and DNA damage in oxidative-positive SLE lymphocytes but may not be useful for therapy.
abstract: 13-cis-Retinoic acid (13-CRA), a water-soluble vitamin A analog and 5'-lipoxygenase inhibitor, was tested in vitro for effects on excess oxidative metabolism and DNA damage in mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), because other 5'-lipoxygenase enzyme inhibitors were shown to lower the excess oxidative metabolism in SLE cells. Excess chemiluminescence (CL) was abolished within minutes after the addition of 1 x 10(-6) M 13-CRA in five of five CL-positive mitogen-stimulated SLE lymphocytes, and was lowered in five of eight samples after 48 to 72 h culture. Similarly, low concentrations of 13-CRA for 48-72 h largely prevented the S1 nuclease-sensitive DNA changes/DNA damage observed in CL-positive lupus lymphocytes in vitro. However, 13-CRA did not affect DNA damage in four of four CL-negative lymphocyte samples. 13-CRA, like other retinoic acid compounds, was known to stimulate B-cell activities in vivo and in vitro but effects on dividing lupus T cells had not been studied. 13-CRA further inhibited the diminished PHA-stimulated lupus T-cell growth in tissue culture at a concentration of 9 x 10(-6) M in three of five lupus lymphocyte samples. 13-CRA has positive and negative effects on multiple aspects of the immune system and it is not clear whether 13-CRA will have positive or adverse clinical effects on SLE patients. Close attention to vitamin A and vitamin "supplements" in patients with SLE may answer this question.
authors.affiliation: Mailman Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida 33101.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Benke
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Belmar
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tozman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Monroe
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mauldin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Drisko
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D015474:Isotretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D015474:Isotretinoin