Risk factors for mortality in the Bangladesh cyclone of 1991.
Cyclones continue to pose a dangerous threat to the coastal populations of Bangladesh, despite improvements in disaster control procedures. After 138,000 persons died in the April 1991 cyclone, we carried out a rapid epidemiological assessment to determine factors associated with cyclone-related mortality and to identify prevention strategies. A nonrandom survey of 45 housing clusters comprising 1123 persons showed that mortality was greatest among under-10-year-olds (26%) and women older than 40 years (31%). Nearly 22% of persons who did not reach a concrete or brick structure died, whereas all persons who sought refuge in such structures survived. Future cyclone-associated mortality in Bangladesh could be prevented by more effective warnings leading to an earlier response, better access to designated cyclone shelters, and improved preparedness in high-risk communities. In particular, deaths among women and under-10-year-olds could be reduced by ensuring that they are given special attention by families, neighbours, local authorities, and especially those in charge of early warnings and emergency evacuation.
Bern
C
C
Respiratory and Enteric Virus Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Sniezek
J
J
Mathbor
G M
GM
Siddiqi
M S
MS
Ronsmans
C
C
Chowdhury
A M
AM
Choudhury
A E
AE
Islam
K
K
Bennish
M
M
Noji
E
E
D000328:Adult; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D004189:Disaster Planning; D004190:Disasters / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality