Envelope-binding domain in the cationic amino acid transporter determines the host range of ecotropic murine retroviruses.
Infection of rodent cells by ecotropic type C retroviruses requires the expression of a cationic amino acid transporter composed of multiple membrane-spanning domains. By exchanging portions of cDNAs encoding the permissive mouse and nonpermissive human transporters and examining their abilities to specify virus infection upon expression in human 293 cells, we have identified the amino acid residues in the extracellular loop connecting the fifth and sixth membrane-spanning segments of the mouse transporter that are required for both envelope gp70 binding and infection. These findings strongly suggest that the role of the mouse transporter in determining infection is to provide an envelope-binding site. This role is analogous to those of host membrane proteins composed of a single membrane-spanning domain that serve as binding proteins or receptors for other enveloped viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and murine and human coronaviruses.
Albritton
L M
LM
Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Kim
J W
JW
Tseng
L
L
Cunningham
J M
JM
D016475:3T3 Cells; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D026923:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D026923:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D015686:Gene Products, env; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C070506:ecotropic murine leukemia virus receptor; D001120:Arginine