title: Ankle injuries. Tips from sports medicine physicians.
abstract: In dealing with an ankle sprain, worrisome features are few but important to recognize. A "pop" heard or felt at the time of injury, a prolonged course, or a history of several previous injuries are all of concern. Medial tenderness on palpation, positive results on a squeeze test, or markedly positive results on stress testing are also indicators of severe injuries, which may require referral for treatment. Stress testing by an experienced clinician is appropriate for chronic or severe cases. Otherwise, treatment of the acute, uncomplicated ankle injury is straightforward, focusing on early mobilization, rehabilitation, and protection.
authors.affiliation: West Virginia University, Charleston.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Swain
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Holt
mesh_terms: D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D001510:Bed Rest; D005194:Family Practice / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007053:Ice; D008487:Medical History Taking / Q000379:methods; D009989:Orthotic Devices; D010173:Palpation / Q000379:methods; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000379:methods; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D013178:Sports Medicine / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007053:Ice