title: Kinetic analysis of glycyrrhetic acid, an active metabolite of glycyrrhizin, in rats: role of enterohepatic circulation.
abstract: The role of enterohepatic circulation of glycyrrhetic acid (GA) in rats was determined by kinetic analysis of GA. The concentrations of GA in the plasma of the control rat (without bile duct cannulation) during the first 5 h after intravenous (iv) administration of GA (2, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) were similar to those in the bile duct-cannulated rat at each dose. No significant difference was observed in the values of the terminal half-life, the total body clearance, the distribution volume at steady state, the area under the curve of concentration in plasma versus time, and the mean residence time in each dose between both groups. When GA (2, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) was administered i.v. to the bile duct-cannulated rat, excretion of unchanged GA in bile was < 1% of each dose, that of the acid-hydrolyzed products was 14-16%, and that of GA-3-O-glucuronide was only 1-2%. In the control rat, a secondary peak of GA concentration was observed 12 h after i.v. administration of GA (20 mg/kg). The enterohepatic circulation of GA was confirmed by the linked-rat method in which bile of the donor rat after i.v. administration of GA (20 mg/kg) was allowed to flow directly into the duodenum of the recipient rat. GA was found in the plasma of the recipient rat after 6 h, and its concentration reached the maximum (approximately 0.5 microgram/mL) 8-12 h after dosing the donor rat.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Tokyo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Santa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kotaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchino
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000378:metabolism; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004764:Enterohepatic Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006034:Glycyrrhetinic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; D006034:Glycyrrhetinic Acid