title: Complement (C3, C4) and C-reactive protein responses to cardiopulmonary bypass and protamine administration.
abstract: Complement activation has been deemed responsible for the damaging effects of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in patients undergoing open heart surgery. We studied C3, C4 and C-reactive protein (CRP) in 22 patients undergoing CPB. In Group 1 (11 patients), protamine was given intravenously and in Group 2 (11 patients), via the aortic root after CPB. Significant decreases were observed in C3 and C4 during CPB in both groups indicating complement activation primarily by the classic pathway. Protamine did not lead to further activation of the complement system. In both groups, C3 levels gradually returned toward baseline within 24 hours but C4 levels were still lower than baseline 24 hours postoperatively. CPB and protamine administration did not cause any significant changes in CRP levels, but CRP increased abruptly 24 hours after operation. Although activation of complement system during CPB is expected to invoke an acute phase response, we conclude that this period is not long enough to induce an increased production of CRP in response to tissue injury or inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Ibn-i Sina Hospital, University of Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tulunay
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Demiralp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tastan
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akalin
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ozyurda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Corapcioglu
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Akarsu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001011:Aorta; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D003167:Complement Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D003176:Complement C3 / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D003181:Complement C4 / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D003171:Complement Pathway, Classical / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology; D008297:Male; D011479:Protamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation
chemical_list: D003176:Complement C3; D003181:Complement C4; D011479:Protamines; D002097:C-Reactive Protein