title: Observations on symptomatic medial malleolar ossification centers.
abstract: We report 11 cases of symptomatic medial malleolar ossification centers (MMOC). Symptoms in six of the 10 patients responded to diminished athletic activity. Four patients required short-leg walking casts, and two of these patients required repeat casting for symptom recurrence. Two groups of bilateral, three-view ankle roentgenograms of asymptomatic patients were reviewed to determine the incidence of MMOC. Group 1 (age 6 years 1 month to 12 years 11 months) had a 20% incidence, and group 2 (age 13 years 1 month to 17 years 11 months) had a 4% incidence. Symptoms may occur at these roentgenographic variants, and diminished activity, either volition or enforced by walking casts, produced resolution of symptoms in all patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit 48201.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Stanitski
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Micheli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011859:Radiography