title: Keyhole limpet hemocyanin immunotherapy of murine bladder cancer.
abstract: The current treatment of choice for superficial bladder cancer, bacillus Calmette-Guérin, has significant adverse side effects. We have compared two alternative immunotherapies--crude keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and Immucothel, a KLH modified for clinical use (Biosyn)--in an intralesional mouse model of bladder cancer (MBT2). Crude KLH required either immunization before tumor transplant or frequent intralesional therapy after transplantation to be effective. In addition, Immucothel required pre-immunization to be effective, and increasing the frequency and dosage of post-transplant immunization was not effective without pre-immunization. Preliminary investigations into the KLH-induced anti-tumor mechanism(s) suggest that natural killer cell activity may be involved. Both crude KLH and Immucothel appear to be effective immunotherapies of use in the treatment of transitional cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown 26506.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Lamm
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: DeHaven
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Riggs
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Delgra
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burrell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007114:Immunization; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D013997:Time Factors; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine; D006433:Hemocyanins; C032808:keyhole-limpet hemocyanin