title: Electron energy-loss spectroscopical and image analysis of experimentally induced rat microliths. II.
abstract: Following a microlith-inducing diet of ethylene glycol plus ammonium chloride, intraluminal and intracellular crystals are observed in aldehyde-fixed rat proximal and distal tubule cells by light and electron microscopy. Qualitative, in-situ analysis with electron-probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA) of these intraluminal and intracellular crystals shows the presence of calcium, a trace of magnesium, some chlorine and the virtual absence of phosphorus and sulphur. Electron energy-loss spectroscopical element (EELS) analysis and electron-spectroscopic imaging (ESI) confirm, at both sites, the presence of calcium. Selected area electron diffraction (a) confirmed the crystallinity of both the intracellular and intraluminal crystals; (b) produced identical diffractograms from intracellular crystals in proximal tubule cells and deliberately internalized exogenous COM-crystals in cultured LLC-PK1 cells and (c) produced mean dhkl-values, identical to the dhkl-values from calcium oxalate monohydrate (14-771) in the ASTM index, from 4 different intracellular crystals in proximal-tubule cells.
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: De Bruijn
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Ketelaars
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Boevé
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Sorber
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Schröder
mesh_terms: D000643:Ammonium Chloride; D000818:Animals; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000032:analysis*; D003460:Crystallization; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D019855:Ethylene Glycol; D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007686:Kidney Tubules, Distal / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D000643:Ammonium Chloride; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D019855:Ethylene Glycol