title: Snoring and anxiety dreams.
abstract: In a group of elderly males who had been exposed to excessive stress during World War II, 56% of whom suffered from current post-traumatic stress disorder, a significant association was found between snoring and the occurrence of anxiety dreams, independent of the use of sedatives, antidepressants, smoking and alcohol and coffee consumption. Anxiety dream incidence was highest when snoring was accompanied by respiratory pauses. The underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms are thought to be hypercapnia and autonomic-vegetative arousal, resulting from obstructive sleep apneic episodes in heavy snoring. Polysomnographic sleep studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: de Groen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Op den Velde
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hovens
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Falger
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Schouten
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Duijn
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004325:Dreams / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012913:Snoring / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology