title: Noninvasive ultrasonic biopsy: evaluation of early arteriosclerotic lesions progression in normal asymptomatic, hyperlipidemic, and diabetic subjects.
abstract: Noninvasive ultrasonic biopsy (UB) is a method of detecting early arteriosclerotic changes by high-resolution ultrasound scanning of the carotid and femoral bifurcation. Six UB classes (scoring 0 to 10) have been identified in 2000 asymptomatic subjects and 600 vascular patients followed up for four years. The incidence of silent coronary ischemia (tested by effort test) and the occurrence of symptomatic events in four years are increased in advanced classes and with increasing UB score. The rate of progression (ROP) in four years to the next UB class has been defined in normal subjects (1.4% in class I, 3.1% in II, 10.7% in III, 17.9% in IV, and 79.2% in class V). In a group of 305 asymptomatic hyperlipidemic subjects and in a group of 269 diabetics the ROP (in four years) was significantly higher. Therefore ultrasonic biopsy is useful to identify subjects at risk of coronary ischemia and cardiovascular events and to follow up noninvasively the progression of arteriosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Irvine Laboratory for Cardiovascular Investigation and Research, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, England.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Belcaro
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Laurora
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Cesarone
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barsotti
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Trevi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Renton
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Veller
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gerulakos
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Nicolaides
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography