title: Alterations of fluid and electrolyte balance in thoroughbred racehorses following strenuous exercise during training.
abstract: Alterations of acid-base status, and fluid and electrolyte balance subsequent to exercise in Thoroughbred racehorses in North America have not been well-characterized. Des-cribed here are the results of an observational study conducted to characterize changes in fluid and electrolytes following strenuous exercise of 16 Thoroughbreds under routine training conditions. Changes following strenuous exercise were determined for the following variables: serum concentrations of sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl) and protein; pH of blood; osmolality of plasma and urine; body weight; and, fractional urinary excretion (FE) of Na, K and Cl. The following changes occurred during exercise: increased concentration of Na in blood; increased FE of Na; decreased concentration of Cl in blood; decreased FE of Cl; increased urinary and plasmal osmolality; weight-loss; decreased pH of blood; and, increased concentration of lactic acid. The concurrent decreased concentration of chloride in plasma and acidemia in these horses differed from the hypochloremic, metabolic alkalosis previously described among endurance horses. Acidemia was attributed to production of lactic acid by anaerobic glycolysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texan A&M University, College Station 77843-4475.
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Roussel
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lumsden
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grift
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lewis
mesh_terms: D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium; D000818:Animals; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006400:Hematocrit / Q000662:veterinary; D006736:Horses / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D004573:Electrolytes; D007773:Lactates; D019344:Lactic Acid