title: Determination of the induced ELF electric field distribution in a two layer in vitro system simulating biological cells in nutrient solution.
abstract: In-vitro studies of biological effects of electromagnetic fields are often conducted with cultured cells either in suspension or grown in a monolayer. In the former case, the exposed medium can be assumed to be homogeneous; however, eventually the cells settle to the bottom of the container forming a two layer system with different dielectric and conductive properties. In the present work the effect of this separation on the electric field distribution is calculated and experimentally measured at selected positions for a commonly used exposure configuration. The settled cell suspension is modeled by a well-defined two layer system placed in a rectangular container with the base of the container parallel to the direction of the magnetic field. Theoretical calculations based on numerical techniques are done for various two layer systems with different conductivities in each layer. The agreement between the theoretical calculations and the experimental measurements is within +/- 1.5 mV/m, or 10% of the maximum induced field when the conductivity of the lower layer is ten times that of the upper layer. This result is well within experimental error. When the thickness of one of the layers is small compared to the thickness of the other layer, it is found that the electric field distribution is essentially that of the homogeneous case. The latter situation corresponds to a typical cell exposure condition.
authors.affiliation: Catholic University of America, Vitreous State Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20064.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Litovitz
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Penafiel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meister
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003470:Culture Media; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D008433:Mathematics; D008954:Models, Biological
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media