title: Protein kinase C imaging using carbon-11-labeled phorbol esters: 12-deoxyphorbol 13-isobutyrate-20-[1-11C]butyrate as the potential ligand for positron emission tomography.
abstract: Protein kinase C plays a crucial role in signal transduction for a variety of biologically active substances which activates cellular functions and their proliferation. The actions are closely related to both normal and abnormal functions in the nervous system. Tumor-promoting phorbol esters can substitute for diacylglycerols which are important ligands that bind to protein kinase C. Three typical phorbol esters, phorbol 13-[1-11C]butyrate, phorbol 12,13-[1-11C]dibutyrate and 12-deoxyphorbol 13-isobutyrate-20-[1-11C]butyrate, were synthesized by using [11C]ethylketene with a high specific activity (186GBq/mumol). Their in vivo autoradiograms demonstrated a heterogenous distribution in rat brain. 12-deoxyphorbol 13-isobutyrate-20-[1-11C]butyrate was particularly suited for in vivo use due to its nontumor-promoting activity and its ready permeability to the blood-brain barrier. High optical density was observed in the cortex, amygdala and hippocampus. The in vivo binding properties of this compound to protein kinase C were confirmed by in vivo displacement studies with unlabeled 12-deoxyphorbol 13-isobutyrate-20-butyrate and unlabeled phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate. This suggests that 12-deoxyphorbol 13-isobutyrate-20-[1-11C] butyrate has a specific binding affinity for protein kinase C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohmori
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imahori
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ido
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakita
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakahashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000201:enzymology*; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D008297:Male; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D010703:Phorbol Esters; D011493:Protein Kinase C