title: The roles and functions of clinical nurse specialists.
abstract: This paper examines the research conducted on the role and function of Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNS). Four research themes have evolved over the past few decades: perceptions of the role; CNS' time allocation; effects of CNS on patient and family outcomes and cost of care; and, the actual functions of CNS. The authors identify areas for future research to demonstrate the differences that CNS make in health outcomes.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Naylor
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brooten
mesh_terms: D001294:Attitude to Health; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D007587:Job Description; D009720:Nurse Clinicians / Q000191:economics / Q000523:psychology / Q000592:standards*; D015399:Nursing Research; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012380:Role; D012649:Self Concept; D013041:Specialties, Nursing / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards*; D013997:Time Factors; D016526:Workload