Spreading depression induces c-fos-like immunoreactivity and NGF mRNA in the rat cerebral cortex.
Application of potassium chloride (KCl) to the brain surface elicits spreading depression which leads to a marked induction of the proto-oncogene c-fos in the treated cerebral cortex at the earliest time examined (90 min). High levels of c-fos immunoreactivity are observed up to 6 h after KCl treatment. The areas affected include the cingulate, entorhinal and frontoparietal cortex throughout the treated hemisphere. The c-fos expression preceded an increase in both NGFmRNA and NGF-like protein(s). A maximal increase in c-fos was detected within 3 h, whereas NGFmRNA peaked at 12 h and NGF-like protein(s) reached their maximum level 24 h after KCl application. The most prominent increase in NGFmRNA was measured in the entorhinal cortex (50-fold), but other cortical areas also showed a moderate increase of 2-3-fold. In conclusion, our results provide evidence that increases in c-fos and NGF expression are early adaptive responses following brain injury.
Herrera
D G
DG
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Maysinger
D
D
Gadient
R
R
Boeckh
C
C
Otten
U
U
Cuello
A C
AC
D000818:Animals; D013181:Cortical Spreading Depression / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors
D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011189:Potassium Chloride