title: Simultaneous quantification of mannitol, 3-O-methyl glucose, and lactulose in urine by HPLC with pulsed electrochemical detection, for use in studies of intestinal permeability.
abstract: The percentage of an oral dose of mannitol, 3-O-methyl glucose, and lactulose excreted in urine is used in noninvasive investigation of active and passive intestinal mucosal transport. We developed a high-pressure liquid-chromatographic method involving anion exchange and pulsed electrochemical detection that allows the simultaneous determination of all three sugar probes in urine. Sample preparation is simple: diluting, mixing with internal standard (melibiose), and desalting. With use of a Dionex 250 x 40 mm Carbopac PA-1 column and elution with an isocratic mixture of 120 mmol/L NaOH and 0.5 mmol/L zinc acetate, all sugars were resolved within 10 min. The standard curve of the method is linear to the following concentrations: mannitol 125 mg/L, 3-O-methyl glucose 300 mg/L, and lactulose 40 mg/L. The minimal detectable concentration of lactulose is 0.4 mg/L. Analytical recovery of the sugars is between 89.0% and 99.5%. The precision of estimation (CV) ranges from 1.76% to 5.6% overall. Reference intervals were established from results for 28 healthy children. The method is adaptable for the study of carbohydrates at low concentrations in other biological fluids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health, University Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kynaston
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Laker
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Pearson
mesh_terms: D019325:3-O-Methylglucose; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007792:Lactulose / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000652:urine*; D008757:Methylglucosides / Q000652:urine*; D010539:Permeability; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D008757:Methylglucosides; D019325:3-O-Methylglucose; D008353:Mannitol; D007792:Lactulose