title: Mechanisms of autoimmunity in type I diabetes.
abstract: The work presented in this review suggests that in human and murine type I diabetes, defective MHC class I expression on APC is linked to autoimmunity. The defect in self-antigen presentation is present on prediabetic and diabetic APC, and this presumably delivers abnormal or lack of signals to T cells to allow self tolerance. Since most autoimmune diseases have strong genetic linkage to MHC class II region, our recent results additionally demonstrating low MHC class I expression on lymphoid cells in a diversity of autoimmune diseases (hypothyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, etc.) suggest that this pathway of abnormal class I presentation of self epitopes may be important for tolerance to many tissue-specific antigens (40). Certainly, the unanswered genetic questions will address the role of the specific genes controlling self-antigen presentation through MHC class I followed by T-cell education to self.
authors.affiliation: Immunobiology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown 02129.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Faustman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans