title: Confirmation that the velo-cardio-facial syndrome is associated with haplo-insufficiency of genes at chromosome 22q11.
abstract: The velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS) and DiGeorge sequence (DGS) have many similar phenotypic characteristics, suggesting that in some cases they share a common cause. DGS is known to be associated with monosomy for a region of chromosome 22q11, and DNA probes have been shown to detect these deletions even in patients with apparently normal chromosomes. Twelve patients with VCFS were examined and monosomy for a region of 22q11 was found in all patients. The DNA probes used in this study could not distinguish the VCFS locus and the DGS locus, indicating that the genes involved in these haploinsufficiencies are closely linked, and may be identical. The phenotypic variation of expression in VCFS and DGS may indicate that patients without the full spectrum of VCFS abnormalities but with some manifestations of the disorder may also have 22q11 deletions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lindsay
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goodship
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Burn
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cross
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Shprintzen
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Scambler
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002892:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D015342:DNA Probes; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D015342:DNA Probes; D004247:DNA