Role of insulin resistance in human disease (syndrome X): an expanded definition.
Resistance to insulin-mediated glucose uptake is characteristic of individuals with impaired glucose intolerance or non-insulin-dependent diabetes, and it also occurs commonly in patients with high blood pressure. The physiological response to a decrease in insulin-mediated glucose uptake is an increase in insulin secretion, and as long as a state of compensatory hyperinsulinemia can be maintained, frank decompensation of glucose tolerance can be prevented. However, it is likely that the defect in insulin action and/or the associated hyperinsulinemia will lead to an increase in plasma triglyceride and a decrease in high density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentration, and high blood pressure. It seems likely that the cluster of changes associated with resistance to insulin-mediated glucose uptake comprise a syndrome, which plays an important role in the etiology and clinical course of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes, high blood pressure, and coronary heart disease.
Reaven
G M
GM
Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94305.
D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000503:physiopathology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D013577:Syndrome