title: Effects of electrical and electromagnetic stimulation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
abstract: A need exists to develop new methods of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) that are both effective and relatively pain-free. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the effects of both NMES and a new method of electromagnetic (NMES/PEMF) stimulation for reducing girth loss and for reducing pain and muscle weakness of the knee extensor muscles in patients during the first 6 weeks after reconstructive surgery of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Seventeen patients receiving ACL reconstructive surgery participated as a control group (N = 3), as an NMES group (N = 7), and with combined NMES and magnetic field stimulation (NMES/PEMF) (N = 7). Patients receiving NMES/PEMF rated each type of stimulation for perceived pain and were measured for their torque. Torque results revealed a mean decrease of 13.1% for NMES/PEMF patients. The mean percent of thigh girth decreased 8.3% for controls, 0.5% for NMES, and 2.3% for NMES/PEMF patients. The NMES/PEMF patients rated NMES as causing about twice the pain intensity as NMES/PEMF during treatments. As a result of this data, the authors conclude that both NMES and NMES/PEMF are effective in reducing girth loss and that NMES/PEMF is less painful than NMES alone in treating patients after ACL reconstruction.
authors: Division of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington 40536-0079.
authors: D P
authors: DP
authors: Currier
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Ray
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Nyland
authors: J G
authors: JG
authors: Rooney
authors: J T
authors: JT
authors: Noteboom
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Kellogg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000601:surgery; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D009132:Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010865:Pilot Projects