title: Functional expression and characterization of a Xenopus laevis peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase, AE-II, in insect-cell culture.
abstract: The alpha-amidating reaction of peptide hormones is a two-step process which is catalyzed by peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) and peptidylhydroxyglycine N-C lyase (PHL). There are three types of mRNA for these amidating enzymes in Xenopus laevis, namely AE-I, AE-II and AE-III. AE-I encodes only PHM and AE-III encodes both PHM and PHL. AE-II seems to encode subtypes of both PHM and PHL. While AE-II mRNA is present in high amounts in frog skin, the actual enzymes originating from AE-II have not been detected. When we expressed AE-II in cultured insect-cells using the baculovirus expression vector system, the expressed enzyme was specifically localized to the membrane fraction due to its hydrophobic transmembrane domain. Alternatively, when the transmembrane-domain-deleted AE-II (Met1-Ile731) was expressed, the enzyme was secreted into the culture medium; this secreted enzyme was purified to homogeneity by a simple two-step procedure. We have verified that the reaction product of the purified enzyme was the amidated peptide, indicating that AE-II has the ability to catalyze the entire amidating reaction.
authors: Bio-organics Research Department, Ciba-Geigy Japan Limited, Takarazuka, Japan.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Suzuki
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Ohta
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Okamoto
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Nishikawa
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D016367:Baculoviridae; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009036:Moths; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004247:DNA; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C035189:peptidylglycine monooxygenase