title: Synthesis, conformation, and activity of HCO-Met-delta Z Leu-Phe-OMe, an active analogue of chemotactic N-formyltripeptides.
abstract: In order to induce a beta-turn conformation into the chemotactic linear tripeptide N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP), the new analogue N-formyl-L-methionyl-delta Z leucyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester [delta Z Leu]2fMLP-OMe (1) has been synthesized. The conformational and biochemical consequences of this chemical modification have been determined. Analogue 1 has been synthesized by using N-carboxy-(Z)-alpha,beta-didehydroleucine anhydride as key compound to introduce the unsaturated residue at the central position of the tripeptide 1. The x-ray analysis shows that 1 adopts in the crystal a type II beta-turn conformation in which the new residue occupies the (i + 2) position, and an intramolecular H bond is formed between the formylic oxygen and the Phe NH. 1H-nmr analysis based on nuclear Overhauser effect measurements suggests that the same folded conformation is preferred in CDCl3 solution; this finding is also supported by molecular dynamics simulation. The biological activity of 1 has been determined on human neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) and compared to that shown by fMLP-OMe. Chemotactic activity, granule enzyme release, and superoxide anion production have been determined. Analogue 1 is practically inactive as chemoattractant, highly active in the superoxide generation, and similar to the parent in the lysozyme release. The conformational restriction imposed on the backbone by the presence of the unsaturated residue is discussed in relation with the observed bioselectivity.
authors: Dipartimento di Studi Farmaceutici, Università La Sapienza, Roma, Italy.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Pagani Zecchini
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Paglialunga Paradisi
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Torrini
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Lucente
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Gavuzzo
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Mazza
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Pochetti
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Paci
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Sette
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Di Nola
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects; D011487:Protein Conformation; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002630:Chemotactic Factors; C080504:formyl-methionyl-delta(Z)-dehydroleucyl-phenylalanine methyl ester; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine