title: Focal cerebral ischemia in rats: effect of hemodilution with alpha-alpha cross-linked hemoglobin on brain injury and edema.
abstract: The effect of hemodilution, with alpha-alpha cross-linked hemoglobin (DCLHb), on brain injury and edema was assessed after temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Injury was analyzed with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) stain and edema by microgravimety. Part A: DCLHb was given to maintain one of the following hematocrits (Hct) and normotension: 1) 45/Hct, 2) 30/Hct, 3) 16/Hct, or 4) 9/Hct. Brain injury (% of ischemic hemisphere, mean +/- SD) was less in the 30/Hct group (31 +/- 4) versus the 45/Hct group (42 +/- 5); and in the 16/Hct (20 +/- 3) and 9/Hct (19 +/- 4) groups versus the 45/Hct and 30/Hct groups. Edema was less in the hemodiluted groups versus the 45/Hct group. Part B: DCLHb was given to maintain one of the following hematocrits and hyper (HTN)-or normotension (Norm): 1) 45/Norm, 2) 30/Norm, 3) 30/HTN, 4) 16/Norm, or 5) 16/HTN. In hematocrit matched groups hypertension decreased brain injury (30/HTN-24 +/- 2 < 30/Norm-34 +/- 4; and 16/HTN-17 +/- 3 < 16/Norm-24 +/- 4). Edema was not effected by hypertension. These results suggest that hemodilution with DCLHb decreases focal ischemic injury, and is most effective when given in a manner that induces hypertension.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University, California 92354.
authors: D J
authors: DJ
authors: Cole
authors: R M
authors: RM
authors: Schell
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Drummond
authors: R J
authors: RJ
authors: Pryzbelski
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Marcantonio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006400:Hematocrit; D006438:Hemodilution; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D013046:Specific Gravity
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins