title: Three dimensional visualisation of velocity profiles in the normal porcine pulmonary trunk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to obtain detailed data of velocity profile development in the porcine pulmonary trunk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hot film anemometry was used for point blood velocity measurements in the entire cross sectional area one diameter downstream of the normal porcine pulmonary valve. Computerised three dimensional visualisations of the spatial and temporal development of blood velocity profiles were made. Measurement series were conducted under spontaneous and stressed haemodynamic conditions in 16 pigs with a body weight of approximately 90 kg.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The velocity profiles revealed consistent temporal and spatial development characteristics. In the systolic acceleration phase the profile was flat, but during peak systole an initially counterclockwise rotation was seen; subsequently the profile turned clockwise and ultimately counterclockwise to become flat during early and late systolic deceleration phases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These skewed, rotating velocity profiles are in conflict with the generally accepted assumption that the velocity profile in the pulmonary trunk is flat. The rotating skewness of the velocity profile in the porcine pulmonary trunk has not been described before. The reason for the rotating velocity profile is obscure.
authors: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Skejby Sygehus, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Sømod
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Hasenkam
authors: W Y
authors: WY
authors: Kim
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Nygaard
authors: P K
authors: PK
authors: Paulsen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000502:physiology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000503:physiopathology; D013552:Swine