title: Inhibition of cytochrome P-450(11)beta by some naturally occurring acetophenones and plant extracts from the shrub Salsola tuberculatiformis.
abstract: Ingestion of the Namibian shrub Salsola tuberculatiformis Botsch. by virgin female rats extends the dioestrus period of their oestrous cycles. Methanol extracts of the plant also inhibit adrenal steroidogenesis in the rat. With the aid of a bioassay, in which vaginal smears were used to follow the oestrous cycles of virgin rats, active fractions could be obtained which indicated that the plant contains a number of active compounds. The most active of these are highly unstable compounds which could not be isolated in pure form. However, two stable but less active compounds were identified as 4-hydroxyacetophenone and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyacetophenone. This study investigated the influence of these acetophenones, their glucosides, and that of ethanol extracts of S. tuberculatiformis on adrenal steroidogenesis. Acetovanillon, a structurally related natural product also known as compound Z, was included in this study. Results show that the shrub contains active substances which interfere with adrenal 11 beta-hydroxylase, the terminal enzyme in glucocorticoid biosynthesis. This interaction with the cytochrome P-450(11)beta-dependent hydroxylase, as well as the inhibition of the conversion of deoxycorticosterone to corticosterone, was used to develop two sensitive and reliable assays for the rapid identification of small amounts of active compounds from S. tuberculatiformis.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, University of Stellenbosch, Republic of South Africa.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Swart
authors: K J
authors: KJ
authors: van der Merwe
authors: A C
authors: AC
authors: Swart
authors: P C
authors: PC
authors: Todres
authors: J H
authors: JH
authors: Hofmeyr
mesh_terms: D000098:Acetophenones / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000378:metabolism; D019405:Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003900:Desoxycorticosterone / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D012756:Sheep; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013256:Steroids / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000098:Acetophenones; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013256:Steroids; D003900:Desoxycorticosterone; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases; D019405:Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2; D003345:Corticosterone