title: Effects of chloroquine on the dyslipidemia of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
abstract: The effects of 3-day oral chloroquine phosphate treatment administered at a dosage of 250 mg four times daily on fasting serum levels of lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins were studied in 20 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Chloroquine reduced the fasting serum concentrations of total cholesterol (6.16 +/- 0.31 to 5.67 +/- 0.31 mmol/L, P < .05), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (4.38 +/- 0.35 to 3.93 +/- 0.32 mmol/L, P < .05), and apolipoprotein (apo) B (1.46 +/- 0.08 to 1.24 +/- 0.06 g/L, P < .01), and the ratio of apo B to apo A-I (0.81 +/- 0.05 to 0.71 +/- 0.03, P < .05). Chloroquine also caused a decrease in fasting plasma glucose levels (11.1 +/- 0.5 to 9.2 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, P < .01) and an increase in fasting plasma insulin levels (0.12 +/- 0.01 to 0.14 +/- 0.01 nmol/L, P < .01). The decrease in total cholesterol and apo B levels correlated with the increase in fasting plasma insulin levels (r = .35, P = .04 and r = .33, P = .03, respectively), but not with changes in plasma levels of glucose or nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). This study demonstrates that 3 days of oral chloroquine treatment improves abnormalities of lipoprotein metabolism in patients with NIDDM. This may be due to an increase in insulin levels, but there also appears to be a more direct effect of the drug on apo B metabolism.
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Chemical Pathology, United Medical School, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, UK.
authors: J K
authors: JK
authors: Powrie
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Shojaee-Moradie
authors: G F
authors: GF
authors: Watts
authors: G D
authors: GD
authors: Smith
authors: P H
authors: PH
authors: Sönksen
authors: R H
authors: RH
authors: Jones
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000378:metabolism; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005215:Fasting; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D002738:Chloroquine; D002784:Cholesterol