title: Infrared eye injury not due to radiant warmer use in premature neonates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Exposure to far-wavelength infrared radiation (lambda > 2000 nm) may cause corneal opacity, miosis, and delayed cataracts (onset > 30 days). Near-wavelength infrared exposure (lambda < 1000 nm) may focus on the retina, causing burns; however, early eye examinations in neonates nursed under radiant warmers have failed to reveal acute injuries. Our purpose is to report long-term ophthalmologic outcome in infants treated under radiant warmers from birth.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report findings from eye examinations in infants followed up to a median age of 2 years, 9 months (range, 1 to 75 months), for (1) 33 infants nursed exclusively under radiant warmers for up to 5 days postnatally (mean [+/- SD] birth weight, 1.16 +/- 0.24 kg; mean gestation, 30 +/- 2 weeks) and (2) 14 convection-warmed incubator-nursed infants (1.26 +/- 0.22 kg, 31 +/- 2 weeks), who were slightly more mature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A trend toward retinopathy of prematurity was noted as occurring more frequently in the radiant warmer-nursed infant population, and one infant in that group was blind. However, no macular burns and no permanent corneal, lens, or other anterior segment injuries were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preliminary findings do not support permanent eye damage attributable to near- or far-wavelength infrared injury in neonates nursed under radiant warmers.
authors: Department of Pediatric, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Baumgart
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Knauth
authors: F X
authors: FX
authors: Casey
authors: G E
authors: GE
authors: Quinn
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000209:etiology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D007259:Infrared Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology*; D013997:Time Factors