title: Survival of bull spermatozoa seeded and frozen at different rates in egg yolk-tris and whole milk extenders.
abstract: Six factorially arranged experiments were designed to study effects of seeding, freezing, and thawing rates in whole milk and egg yolk-Tris extenders commonly used for commercial cryopreservation of bull sperm. In these extenders, semen normally is supercooled to -13 or -14 degrees C unless the sperm are seeded. When sperm were supercooled or seeded, either mechanically or with immobilized silver iodide, and frozen to -196 degrees C, the postthaw percentages of motile sperm were 59, 57, and 64%, respectively. Freezing rates of -15, -25, and -35 degrees C/min gave similar sperm survival rates and were superior to -5 degrees C/min. For milk, the critical freezing temperature extended to -75 degrees C before transfer to liquid nitrogen gave good results. For egg yolk-Tris extender, transfer to liquid nitrogen was less critical once -50 degrees C had been attained. Thawing of sperm in water baths at 25 and 45 degrees C gave similar results, and both temperatures were superior to 5 degrees C. The postthaw percentage of motile sperm in egg yolk-Tris was equal or superior to that of sperm frozen in milk. A freezing rate of -15 degrees C/min to -100 degrees C and thawing at 25 degrees C consistently gave good results.
authors: Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-4801.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: R H
authors: RH
authors: Foote
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Tobback
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Hough
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002470:Cell Survival; D015925:Cryopreservation; D004530:Egg Yolk; D005615:Freezing; D007454:Iodides; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D012834:Silver; D018030:Silver Compounds; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology*; D013696:Temperature; D014325:Tromethamine
chemical_list: D007454:Iodides; D018030:Silver Compounds; D014325:Tromethamine; D012834:Silver; C030584:silver iodide