Dietary addition of cellular metabolic intermediates and carcass fat deposition in broilers.
Ninety-six 1-day-old male broilers were fed a diet containing 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10% of a 1:1 mixture of pyruvic acid (PY) and dihydroxyacetone (DH) for ad libitum consumption for 42 days. Feed intake, body weight gain, and feed efficiency decreased linearly (P < .001) with increasing levels of PY and DH. There were no significant differences among treatments for abdominal fat percentage. Carcass chemical analysis revealed small but significant (P < .05) differences among dietary treatments for protein and fat percentages. In a second experiment, 192 1-day-old male broilers were fed diets containing 5% of PY, lactic acid (LA), citric acid (CI), DH, or glycerol (GY) or mixtures (1:1) of DH or GY in combination with each organic acid. Bird performance was impaired (P < .05) by PY or CI but not by DH or GY. Lactic acid reduced (P < .05) feed intake by 9% without affecting weight gain. Lactic acid plus DH, CI plus DH, and CI plus GY mixtures decreased (P < .05) bird performance but other combinations had no effect. Pyruvic acid or CI decreased abdominal fat and carcass lipid percentages. Dihydroxyacetone increased (P < .05) carcass lipid percentage and GY increased (P < .05) abdominal fat percentage. Lactic acid plus DH increased (P < .05) carcass lipid percentage. Only PY and CI decreased carcass fat deposition, but they also impaired broiler performance.
Lessard
P
P
Départment de Zootechnie, Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada.
Lefrançois
M R
MR
Bernier
J F
JF
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000187:drug effects; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development*; D002951:Citrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D019343:Citric Acid; D004098:Dihydroxyacetone / Q000494:pharmacology; D005527:Food, Fortified; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology; D007773:Lactates / Q000494:pharmacology; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008099:Liver / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D009132:Muscles / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011773:Pyruvates / Q000494:pharmacology; D019289:Pyruvic Acid
D002951:Citrates; D007773:Lactates; D011773:Pyruvates; D019343:Citric Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D004098:Dihydroxyacetone; D005990:Glycerol