Fetal size and growth.
Prior to the introduction of ultrasound, Nägele's rule was the primary method for determining gestational age. Ultrasound has enabled a more accurate estimation of gestational age, allowing for improved detection of the fetus who is small for gestational age and reducing the number of women who are diagnosed as being overdue. The latest biometry charts that can be used for assessment of growth and dating are reviewed. It has long been recognized that a small or growth-retarded fetus has much greater short-term morbidity and mortality compared with its normal counterpart. More recently, the long-term sequelae of this condition are being recognized, illuminating the importance of the prevention and prediction of pregnancies with fetal growth problems. By focusing on better education and nutrition to prevent pregnancies at risk of becoming growth retarded and by using ultrasound to predict and manage these cases, we can improve the outcome for this group of patients.
Harrington
K
K
King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.
Campbell
S
S
D000005:Abdomen / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000818:Animals; D000886:Anthropometry; D001824:Body Constitution; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D005865:Gestational Age; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D012307:Risk Factors; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards