title: Effects of aldose reductase inhibition with epalrestat on diabetes-induced changes in rat isolated atria.
abstract: 1. Isoprenaline and cardiac responsiveness of isolated atria from 2 and 6 week streptozotocin-diabetic rats, and their age-matched controls, was examined. The effects of chronic administration of epalrestat (40 mg/kg orally, by gavage) on diabetes-induced changes were also investigated. 2. Spontaneously beating atria, bathed in either normal or high glucose (30 mmol/L) Krebs' solution, from both 2 and 6 week diabetic rats beat more slowly and with greater force than atria from control rats. These changes in basal parameters were normalized by 2 weeks of insulin (5 U/day s.c.) treatment but not by 2 or 6 weeks of chronic treatment with epalrestat. 3. Isoprenaline (0.1 nmol-0.1 mumol/L) produced concentration-dependent increases in inotropy and chronotropy in atria from both control and diabetic rats. 4. Atria from 2 week diabetic rats displayed decreased sensitivity to the positive inotropic effects of isoprenaline. This change was normalized by chronic insulin treatment but not by chronic epalrestat treatment. 5. Atria from 6 week diabetic rats displayed increased sensitivity to the positive chronotropic effects of isoprenaline which was normalized by epalrestat. 6. These results suggest that changes observed in atria from 2 week diabetic rats may be due to hyperglycaemia per se whereas in atria from 6 week diabetic rats abnormal activity of the polyol pathway may be a contributing factor.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
authors: R J
authors: RJ
authors: Booth
authors: W C
authors: WC
authors: Hodgson
mesh_terms: D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000473:pathology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012236:Rhodanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053778:Thiazolidines
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D053778:Thiazolidines; C038131:epalrestat; D012236:Rhodanine; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; D007545:Isoproterenol