title: Retrobronchial vertical vein in totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the innominate vein and its specific occurrence in right isomerism.
abstract: Recently, a case of right isomerism with totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) to the innominate vein through a vertical vein that ascended in the mediastinum posterior to the left-sided main bronchus was encountered. This retrobronchial vertical vein that has not been described previously in patients with TAPVC to the innominate vein prompted the performance of a retrospective analysis of 44 cases with TAPVC to the innominate vein in which angiography had been performed. The 44 cases consisted of 36 patients with situs solitus, 7 with right isomerism, and 1 with left isomerism. The spatial relation of the vertical vein to the adjacent pulmonary artery and main bronchus could be defined in 41 cases. The vertical vein was retrobronchial in 4 of 5 cases with right isomerism in which the location of the vertical vein could be defined with certainty. No case with situs solitus or left isomerism was associated with a retrobronchial vertical vein. In all 4 patients with a retrobronchial vertical vein, angiographic evidence of obstruction of pulmonary venous drainage was present, and was due to an extrinsic bronchial compression in 2 and to an intrinsic narrowing of the vertical vein in 2.
authors: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: S J
authors: SJ
authors: Yoo
authors: D G
authors: DG
authors: Nykanen
authors: R M
authors: RM
authors: Freedom
authors: L N
authors: LN
authors: Benson
authors: C A
authors: CA
authors: Moes
authors: P E
authors: PE
authors: Burrows
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000293:Adolescent; D016121:Brachiocephalic Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies