Microbiological transformations of lipids: acyl-specific hydrolysis of lard by yeasts.
The fatty acid and positional specificities of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (UI-SACCH) and Schizosaccharomyces octosporus (NRRL Y-854) in the hydrolysis of lard were studied by using gas-liquid chromatography. Synthetic triglycerides were used to determine the positional specificities of the lipases of both organisms. Palmitic acid is specifically cleaved from all three triglyceride ester positions by S. cerevisiae, while S. octosporus was able to cleave stearic acid at either position 1 or position 3 of the glycerol moiety. Preparative scale fermentation with 200 g of lard per liter yielded 48.4 g of palmitic acid per liter with S. cerevisiae and 42 g of stearic acid per liter with S. octosporus. The free fatty acids produced by microbial transformation of lard were characterized spectrally (1H and C nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry) and chromatographically (thin-layer and gas chromatographies).
el-Sharkawy
S H
SH
Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
Dostal
L
L
Rosazza
J P
JP
D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation / Q000502:physiology; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008049:Lipase / Q000378:metabolism; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D010169:Palmitic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism*; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000378:metabolism*; D013229:Stearic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010169:Palmitic Acids; D013229:Stearic Acids; D019308:Palmitic Acid; C031183:stearic acid; D008049:Lipase; C029310:lard