title: Salmonella typhimurium induces IFN-gamma production in murine splenocytes. Role of natural killer cells and macrophages.
abstract: IFN-gamma is a cytokine known to play an important role in host defense against Salmonella typhimurium. The lymphoid cells required for in vitro production of IFN-gamma after S. typhimurium stimulation of mouse spleen cells was investigated. Spleen cells depleted of cells bearing NK1.1, asialo GM1, Thy 1.2, or CD5 resulted in a significant reduction in IFN-gamma production after stimulation with S. typhimurium. In contrast, Con A-induced IFN-gamma production was only slightly reduced after depletion of NK1.1- or asialo GM1-bearing cells. Spleen cells from SCID mice produced elevated levels of IFN-gamma after stimulation with S. typhimurium. IFN-gamma production by SCID spleen cells was dependent upon asialo GM1+ T cells, suggesting that NK cells were the cells producing IFN-gamma in response to S. typhimurium. Splenic adherent cells were required for optimal IFN-gamma production. However, direct contact between the adherent and nylon wool nonadherent (NWNA) cell populations was not essential. IFN-gamma production was observed when the adherent and NWNA cell populations were physically separated or when supernatant from S. typhimurium-stimulated adherent cells was added to NWNA cells. Optimal IFN-gamma production was dependent on the presence of TNF-alpha, inasmuch as addition of antibody to TNF-alpha to spleen cell or NWNA cell cultures significantly reduced IFN-gamma production. However, addition of rTNF-alpha did not induce IFN-gamma production by NWNA cells. These findings document the existence of a T-independent mechanism for early IFN-gamma production in response to S. typhimurium, and show that TNF-alpha is necessary but not sufficient for the production of IFN-gamma.
authors: Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-1019.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Ramarathinam
authors: D W
authors: DW
authors: Niesel
authors: G R
authors: GR
authors: Klimpel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000276:immunology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma