Interrelationships between porcine somatotropin and dietary lysine on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing swine.
Seventy-two barrows (initial weight = 57.1 kg) were used to determine the interrelationship between porcine somatotropin (pST) and dietary lysine and their effects on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Pigs were injected daily in the extensor muscle of the neck with either 4 or 8 mg of pST and fed a pelleted corn-soybean meal-sesame meal diet (.8% lysine; 17.8% CP) or diets containing 1.0, 1.2, or 1.4% lysine provided by additions of L-lysine.HCl (2 x 4 factorial arrangement). Control pigs (placebo injection) received the .8% lysine diet. All diets were formulated to contain > or = 200% of current recommendations for other amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. A tendency for a pST x lysine interaction was observed for cumulative ADG (P < .15) and feed conversion (G/F; P < .05). Average daily gain and G/F were improved by increasing dietary lysine level in pigs injected with 4 mg/d of pST; however, pigs injected with 8 mg/d of pST had greater improvements in cumulative ADG and G/F with added lysine. Feed intake was reduced (quadratic, P < .10) as dietary lysine level and pST dosage increased. Increasing pST dosage and dietary lysine increased (linear, P < .05) longissimus muscle area and decreased backfat thickness. Trimmed ham and loin weights were increased (linear, P < .10) by pST dosage. Chemical composition of samples taken from the loin, ham, and belly indicated increased moisture and CP and decreased lipid content as pST dosage and dietary lysine level increased (quadratic, P < .05). Shear force values from loin and semimembranosus increased with increasing lysine level (quadratic, P < .01) and pST dosage (linear, P < .05); however, these differences were not detected by sensory analysis (P > .20). Plasma urea concentrations on d 28 decreased with increasing lysine level (quadratic, P < .05), and plasma lysine concentrations increased (linear, P < .01). Based on the pST x lysine interaction for ADG and G/F, these data suggest that the lysine level needed to maximize growth performance and carcass characteristics may be proportional to the pST dosage provided. Growth and carcass characteristics were maximized by dietary lysine intakes of 27 to 32 and > or = 36 g/d for pigs injected with 4 and 8 of mg/d of pST, respectively.
Goodband
R D
RD
Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-0201.
Nelssen
J L
JL
Hines
R H
RH
Kropf
D H
DH
Stoner
G R
GR
Thaler
R C
RC
Lewis
A J
AJ
Schricker
B R
BR
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008239:Lysine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000592:standards*; D024510:Muscle Development; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D013552:Swine / Q000097:blood / Q000254:growth & development*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D013006:Growth Hormone; D003404:Creatinine; D008239:Lysine