title: The relationship between ankle-arm index and mortality in older men and women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the ankle-arm blood pressure index is a useful predictor of mortality in a large group of patients aged 50 or older.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort study over a 13-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peripheral vascular laboratory in a hospital affiliated with an academic health center.
  
  
  METHODS
  1,027 male and 903 female patients referred for arterial evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  All-cause and cause-specific mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A decrease in ankle-arm index was a strong independent predictor of all-cause mortality [relative risk (RR) for men = 1.8(95% CI 1.5, 1.9); for women = 1.5, (1.2, 2.0)] and atherosclerotic heart disease mortality [RR for men = 2.0 (1.4, 2.9); for women = 2.1 (1.4, 3.1)]. The risk of mortality was inversely proportional to the ankle-arm index. No relationship was found between the index and mortality due to stroke or cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that a decreased ankle-arm index has important prognostic significance for mortality due to atherosclerotic heart disease in older men and women. Measurement of this index may be useful in identifying those at high risk who may benefit from aggressive therapeutic intervention.
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Univ. of Pittsburgh, PA 15261.
authors: M T
authors: MT
authors: Vogt
authors: M
authors: M
authors: McKenna
authors: S J
authors: SJ
authors: Anderson
authors: S K
authors: SK
authors: Wolfson
authors: L H
authors: LH
authors: Kuller
mesh_terms: D000206:Actuarial Analysis; D000368:Aged; D000842:Ankle; D001132:Arm; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality*; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002423:Cause of Death; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010414:Pennsylvania / Q000453:epidemiology; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D015996:Survival Rate