title: Determination of nicotine and its main metabolites in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: Nicotine and its main metabolites (cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine glucuronide, nicotine-1'-N-oxide and 3-pyridylcarbinol) were analysed in urine after liquid-liquid extraction by high-performance liquid chromatography using norephedrine as internal standard, ultraviolet detection at 260 nm and scanning ultraviolet spectra with a photodiode-array detector. The conjugated trans-3'-hydroxycotinine was determined after enzymatic hydrolysis. Specific determination of 3-pyridylcarbinol was also carried out. Owing to its good selectivity, sensitivity and reproducibility, the method was applied to the analysis of urine samples from smokers and non-smokers. The results obtained suggest that the urinary markers used to assess active smoking or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke must be not only nicotine and cotinine, but also their main free and conjugated metabolites.
authors: Laboratoire Interrégional de Police Scientifique, Marseille, France.
authors: P P
authors: PP
authors: Rop
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Grimaldi
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Oddoze
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Viala
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003367:Cotinine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D009538:Nicotine / Q000652:urine*; D009540:Nicotinyl Alcohol / Q000652:urine; D012907:Smoking / Q000652:urine; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; C001381:hydroxycotinine; D009538:Nicotine; D009540:Nicotinyl Alcohol; D003367:Cotinine