title: Malignant lymphoproliferative disorders in liver cirrhosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lymphoproliferative disorders in patients with liver cirrhosis, although uncommon, have been reported in at least 49 cases. Some authors have suggested that the association between chronic liver disease and lymphoma is not coincidental, that immune mechanisms may be pathogenetically involved.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study we calculated the incidence rate of lymphoproliferative disorders in 334 liver cirrhosis patients (201 males, mean age 59 +/- 12; 133 females, mean age 61 +/- 11) treated at the Gastroenterology Department of the Mauriziano Hospital in Turin from January 1987 to September 1990.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We diagnosed 12 lymphoproliferative disorders, corresponding to an incidence of 9.56/1,000 person-years, a figure much higher than expected on the basis of the incidence rate registered in the Turin general population. Six of the 12 lymphoproliferative disorders were non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the stomach, a proportion by far exceeding expectation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data support the hypothesis that the association between chronic liver disease and lymphoproliferative disorders is not just coincidental, and suggest that liver cirrhosis might be considered an immunological disturbance which entails an increased risk of developing lymphoproliferative disorders. Mechanisms causing lymphoproliferative disorders to develop in the course of chronic liver disease have been hypothesized.
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, Ospedale Mauriziano, Torino, Italy.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Lombardo
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Rota Scalabrini
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Vineis
authors: M
authors: M
authors: De La Pierre
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors