[Temperament, psychological development and psychopathology. Correlations, explanatory models and forms of intervention].
A return to temperamental concepts characterizes contemporary child psychology in the United States. The word "temperament" refers to early developing differences in reactivity and behavioral style. Temperament research focuses on the origins, the stability, the dimensionality and the psychopathological significance of such differences. This article especially emphasizes the latter. Associations between temperament and psychopathology are noted. Chess' and Thomas' goodness of fit-model is presented as an explanatory model for these associations. According to this model, behavior disorders result from an incompatibility between the normal variations of child and environment. The applicability of this model in clinical and educational settings is then outlined. Finally, the author considers the contribution of temperament research to established paradigms in developmental psychopathology.
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D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D010552:Personality Assessment; D010553:Personality Development; D011599:Psychopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D013694:Temperament
Temperament, psychische Entwicklung und Psychopathologie. Zusammenhänge, Erklärungsmodelle und Formen der Intervention.