[Basic concepts in the use of tumor markers in the diagnosis and follow-up of malignant bladder neoplasms].
The absence of reliable diagnostic elements for the evaluation of malignant bladder tumors and the low sensitivity of the conventional diagnostic methods have prompted studies on the biological behaviour of this tumor type. The well known studies of Gold and Freedman and the recent investigations of Bates and Logo have proposed using tumor markers for early diagnosis and follow-up of different types of malignant tumors. However, the "ideal" tumor marker, one that is sufficiently sensitive and specific, has as yet to be discovered. We reviewed the tumor markers widely utilized to diagnose and follow-up malignant bladder tumors, and describe their main features. It must be pointed out that the lack of sensitivity and specificity of these tumor markers have led to the development of a new generation of tumor markers, such as cytogenetic markers, oncogenes, etc. Undoubtedly, this review of the literature will become obsolete with the advent of subsequent generations of tumor markers.
Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, España.
J
J
Moreno Sierra
J J
JJ
Gómez Ruiz
M D
MD
Ortega Heredia
E
E
Blanco Jiménez
A
A
Silmi Moyano
J
J
Blázquez Izquierdo
J
J
Corral Rosillo
J
J
Rodríguez Molina
J C
JC
Ramírez Fernández
L
L
Resel Estévez
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000145:classification; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
Conceptos básicos en la utilización de los marcadores tumorales en el diagnóstico y seguimiento de las neoplasias vesicales malignas.