The molecular biology of glucose transport: relevance to insulin resistance and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
The structure of the glucose transporter and the characteristics of the identified members of the facilitative glucose transporter gene family (GLUT1-5) are reviewed. The role of glucose transport in insulin resistance and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is discussed. The potential contributions of genetic mutation and disruption of short- or long-term regulation of glucose transporters, particularly GLUT4, in insulin-sensitive tissues to the etiology of NIDDM are examined.
Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
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Mueckler
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005810:Multigene Family; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary
D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D005947:Glucose