Relationships between social and health factors and depression in old age in a multivariate analysis.
This community-based epidemiological survey concerns relationships between social and health factors and depression in a Finnish population aged 60 years or over. A multivariate analysis based on log-linear models is used in this study. The log-linear model showed five interactions for the depressed men and eight for the depressed women surveyed. These indicated that the depressive persons had experienced detrimental events either of an interpersonal nature or concerning health status more often than those who were not depressed. A positive connection between life stress and depression was found even though no cause-and-effect relationship could be defined. Social stress factors seemed somewhat important prior to the onset of depression in the women studied, whereas stressful health factors played a significant role for the men. Despite this, the log-linear models for the selected variables used here did not point to a combination of interactions between a high incidence of current social stress factors and a high incidence of stressful health factors during the six-month period prior to the onset of depression.
Social Welfare and Health Department, Vaasa, Finland.
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Pahkala
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Kivelä
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Laippala
D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010552:Personality Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics; D012803:Sick Role; D012931:Social Environment