Comparative pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and pefloxacin in human aqueous humour.
Eighty-five patients undergoing cataract surgery were given for prophylaxis of intraocular infection two intravenous doses each of 200 mg, 300 mg or 400 mg ciprofloxacin (35 patients), 400 mg or 800 mg pefloxacin (30 patients), or 400 mg ofloxacin (20 patients). Ciprofloxacin levels in aqueous humour ranged from 0.02 to 0.50 microgram/ml, pefloxacin levels from 1.04 to 7.80 micrograms/ml, and ofloxacin levels from 0.44 to 2.27 micrograms/ml with ratios of aqueous humour to serum levels ranging from 3.8% to 25%, 21% to 48.1% and 44% to 88.4%, respectively. It is concluded that the quinolones studied might be suitable for surgical prophylaxis or treatment of anterior chamber infections due to Enterobacteriaceae, while ciprofloxacin at high doses is preferable for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.
1st Department of Propedeutic Medicine, Athens University School of Medicine, Greece.
H
H
Giamarellou
D
D
Kanellas
E
E
Kavouklis
G
G
Petrikkos
L
L
Gabriel
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015366:Pefloxacin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011292:Premedication
D015366:Pefloxacin; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin