Assessment of vitamin K status of the newborn infant.
This article reviews our current knowledge of the assessment of vitamin K status in the human infant, where a deficiency state has been described. Laboratory measures for the functional assessment of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors as well as the quantitative assay for vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) are reviewed. In addition, four different methods of measuring abnormal prothrombin, a protein induced by vitamin K absence (PIVKA-II), and its use in clinical pediatrics are discussed. Finally, additional methods are briefly described for assessing vitamin K status, including serum osteocalcin, urinary excretion of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid, and deficiencies of the enzymes necessary for the regeneration of phylloquinone in the so-called vitamin K cycle.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
R
R
von Kries
F R
FR
Greer
J W
JW
Suttie
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015415:Biomarkers; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007122:Immunoelectrophoresis; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D011247:Pregnancy; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000032:analysis*; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000032:analysis*; D014812:Vitamin K / Q000097:blood*; D014813:Vitamin K Deficiency / Q000175:diagnosis*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015415:Biomarkers; D011498:Protein Precursors; D015675:Osteocalcin; D014812:Vitamin K; C008208:acarboxyprothrombin; D011516:Prothrombin