An interleukin 1 receptor antagonist blocks the IL-1-induced IL-6 paracrine production through a prostaglandin E2-related mechanism in multiple myeloma.
By analogy with the model of pristane-induced mouse plasmacytomas, we have wondered about the putative role of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the human multiple myeloma (MM) cytokine network, involving interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 1 (IL-1) as essential myeloma cell growth factors and inducing cofactors respectively. We show that PGE2 is produced in short-term cultures of bone marrow cells of patients with MM, concomitantly with both IL-6 and IL-1. Indomethacin, a potent inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase and of PGE2 synthesis, significantly inhibits IL-6 production (but not IL-1 production) by 35% to 90% depending on the different MM patients studied and concurrently to that of PGE2. Exogenous PGE2 reverses this inhibition or even stimulates IL-6 production. An IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) also significantly inhibits PGE2, IL-6 production and myeloma cell growth. The inhibition of IL-6 production is reversed by adding exogenous PGE2. These results show that induction of IL-6 by IL-1 is related to PGE2 in the bone marrow of patients with MM. Inhibition of PGE2 synthesis (as obtained with indomethacin and the IL-1RA) might be helpful to inhibit myeloma cell proliferation by reducing IL-1-induced endogenous IL-6 production not only in vitro (as demonstrated here) but also in vivo.
Institute of Molecular Genetics, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
Z Y
ZY
Lu
R
R
Bataille
P
P
Poubelle
M J
MJ
Rapp
J L
JL
Harousseau
B
B
Klein
D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
C507763:IL1RN protein, human; C507764:Il1rn protein, mouse; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D015232:Dinoprostone; D007213:Indomethacin