Transcriptional characterization of an alpha-zein gene cluster in maize.
A cluster of five alpha-zein subfamily 4 (alpha-zein SF4) genes are present in a 56 kb region of the maize W22 genome. Two types of alpha-zein SF4 genes are in the cluster. One of the genes, termed a type 1 (T1) alpha-zein SF4 gene, contains no early in-frame stop codons. Four of the genes, termed type 2 (T2) alpha-zein SF4 genes, contain one or two early in-frame stop codons. The base sequence of the T1 alpha-zein SF4 gene is similar (> 90%) to the sequences of any of the four T2 alpha-zein SF4 genes. However, their sequences differ markedly at distances greater than -875 bp upstream from the translation initiation codon of the alpha-zein coding region. This region of dissimilarity is well inside the functional 5'-flanking region for the genes since a 1.8 kb transcript is initiated in this region and the sequences of the T2 alpha-zein SF4 genes are similar in this region. Two sizes of mRNA transcripts, 1.8 kb and 0.9 kb, were detected in a gene specific manner for 4 of the 5 genes in this alpha-zein SF4 gene cluster. One of the T2 alpha-zein SF4 genes had only the 0.9 kb transcript. The RNA level for the 0.9 kb transcript of the T1 alpha-zein SF4 gene was 5- to 10-fold higher than the transcript levels of any of the T2 alpha-zein SF4 genes. In each case, the amount of the 0.9 kb transcript detected was at least 5-fold higher than the amount of the 1.8 kb transcript. A cDNA clone with a sequence identical to a T2 alpha-zein SF4 gene was isolated, providing the first direct evidence for the transcription of T2 alpha-zein genes containing early in-frame stop codon(s) in maize endosperm.
Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108.
C N
CN
Liu
I
I
Rubenstein
D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000235:genetics*; D011544:Pseudogenes / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D003313:Zea mays / Q000235:genetics*; D015028:Zein / Q000235:genetics*
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015028:Zein