Electrophysiologic testing in patients who respond acutely to intravenous amiodarone for incessant ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
The outcome of patients who receive intravenous amiodarone for suppression of incessant ventricular tachyarrhythmia has not been studied conclusively. We conducted a prospective study in which all patients who responded acutely to intravenous amiodarone and went on to receive a subsequent oral loading dose were subjected to electrophysiologic testing before hospital discharge to determine whether additional or alternative therapy would be required. Among 18 patients (17 with ischemic heart disease) who entered the protocol, 16 had a clinical response to intravenous amiodarone alone (12 patients) or in combination with another antiarrhythmic drug (4 patients) and survived to study. Of these, 10 had monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) when first seen, five had polymorphous VT or ventricular fibrillation (VF), and three had both. In seven patients sustained monomorphic VT was inducible (group 1), and in nine it was not (group 2). The only clinical factor that distinguished group 1 from group 2 was age (group 1 > group 2). Five patients in group 1 and one in group 2 received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator; one patient in group 1 had a successful endocardial resection. During a mean follow-up period of 11 months, four patients in group 1 have had appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator discharges, whereas only one patient in group 2 has had a clinical event (sudden death). We conclude that intravenous amiodarone is a highly effective drug used alone or in combination to suppress spontaneous incessant VT/VF. Predischarge electrophysiologic testing, even in patients who have polymorphous VT, has predictive value over and above the observed clinical response. These preliminary results favor predischarge testing and aggressive device treatment in this cohort.
Kowey
P R
PR
Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Lankenau Hospital and Medical Research Center, Wynnewood, PA.
Marinchak
R A
RA
Rials
S J
SJ
Rubin
A M
AM
Smith
L
L
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000638:Amiodarone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000638:Amiodarone