Hope in the family caregiver of terminally ill people.
This longitudinal study explored the meaning of hope, the influence of specific background characteristics on hope, and identified strategies that are used to foster hope in a convenience sample of 25 family caregivers of terminally ill family members from two hospice programmes using the technique of methodological triangulation (interview, Herth Hope Index and Background Data Form). Hope was defined as a dynamic inner power that enables transcendence of the present situation and fosters a positive new awareness of being. Six hope-fostering categories and three hope-hindering categories were identified based on the interview responses. With the exception of those providing care to a family member diagnosed with AIDS and those caregivers experiencing poor personal health, a high fatigue level, severe sleep deprivation and more than two concurrent losses, overall hope levels among participants were found to remain stable across the background variables. Across time, hope levels were found to be low at interview time one, rise significantly by time two and then level off for the remainder of the time. An understanding of hope from the perspective of the family caregiver could provide a basis upon which to develop interventions that foster hope.
School of Nursing, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb 60155-2894.
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D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006738:Hospices; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009013:Morale; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D012380:Role; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013727:Terminal Care / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013997:Time Factors