Models of crossed categorization and intergroup relations.
Two studies explored 6 models of crossed categorization. In Experiment 1, Muslims (majority) and Hindus (minority) in Bangladesh evaluated 1 of 4 target groups created by crossing religion (Hindu or Muslim) and nationality (Bangladeshi or Indian) and then rated the target group's perceived variability. Experiment 2 was an extension of the research, including new measures. Both studies showed additive effects of religion and nationality, as predicted by 3 models, a strong effect of category dominance for religion, and out-group homogeneity only when the religious in-group was the dominant and majority group in its country. Experiment 2 also showed a significant relationship between discrimination based on religion and self-esteem and marginal support for the hierarchical ordering model. When and how specific models of crossed categorization might operate in different intergroup contexts are discussed.
Department of Psychology, University of Bristol, England.
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M
Hewstone
M R
MR
Islam
C M
CM
Judd
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006608:Hierarchy, Social; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011287:Prejudice; D012069:Religion and Psychology; D012649:Self Concept; D012933:Social Identification; D012938:Social Perception