Glucocorticoid reduction of bronchial epithelial inflammation during cardiopulmonary bypass.
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is released in inflammatory lung conditions, raising airway nitric oxide (NO) concentrations through the cytokine-mediated induction of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) creates an inflammatory state, characterized by the release of TNF-alpha, that may result in lung injury following CPB. This study measured plasma levels of TNF-alpha and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as well as airway NO concentrations during CPB, and the effect of methylprednisolone (MPSS) on the levels of these inflammatory products. Twenty adult males scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were anesthetized and randomized to a group given MPSS at 1 gm intravenously 5 min before CPB (Group S) or a group not given MPSS (Group N). Plasma levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the airway NO concentration by chemiluminescence. TNF-alpha was significantly (p < 0.05) increased at 30 min after the termination of CPB, while IL-6 was significantly (p < 0.05) increased at 50 min into CPB and 30 min after the end of CPB in Group N as compared with controls in the same group and with Group S at the same time intervals. A group of 10 patients undergoing repair of infrarenal aortic aneurysms, which served as a control group for plasma levels of TNF-alpha, showed no significant changes in TNF-alpha concentrations at any time during aneurysm repair. Airway NO increased significantly (p < 0.01) in Group N as compared with Group S at 5, 20, 35, and 50 min of CPB.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA.
G E
GE
Hill
S
S
Snider
T A
TA
Galbraith
S
S
Forst
R A
RA
Robbins
D001980:Bronchi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
D005938:Glucocorticoids; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008775:Methylprednisolone