Nerve stimulation and denervation induce differential patterns of immediate early gene mRNA expression in skeletal muscle.
Many properties of skeletal muscle cells are closely regulated by motor nerves. Neuromuscular synaptic transmission (including the 'activity' it triggers) mediates many of these effects, while denervation results in a different spectrum of muscle cell changes. However, little is known about the early regulatory events that occur in mature muscle cells in response to muscle activity or denervation. We have examined the effects of motor nerve stimulation and denervation on the expression of 4 immediate early genes (IEGs)--c-jun, junB, zif268, and nur77--in mature mouse gastrocnemius muscle. Electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve in a pattern of brisk intermittent exercise induced a marked rise in zif268 and c-jun mRNA levels within 45 min, a minimal rise in junB, and no change in nur77 mRNA levels. By contrast, surgical denervation resulted in a marked increase of c-jun, a slight rise in junB, and no change in nur77 or zif268 mRNA levels. These findings show that neural stimulation and denervation lead to differential patterns of IEG expression. The selectivity of these patterns suggests that differential IEG expression may play an important role in regulating the specific phenotypic changes in skeletal muscles that result from denervation, innervation, and various patterns of stimulation.
Abu-Shakra
S R
SR
Department of Neurology and Neurosciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-7519.
Cole
A J
AJ
Drachman
D B
DB
D000818:Animals; D015342:DNA Probes; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D015870:Gene Expression; D016758:Genes, jun; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009121:Muscle Denervation; D009132:Muscles / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D057105:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D016335:Zinc Fingers / Q000235:genetics
D015342:DNA Probes; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; C486109:Egr1 protein, mouse; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; C539818:Nr4a1 protein, mouse; D057105:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D014157:Transcription Factors