Factors associated with mothers selecting general anesthesia for lower segment caesarean section.
The objective of the study was to investigate the sociodemographic and psychological factors which are associated with choice or refusal of regional anesthesia for lower segment Caesarean section. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered preoperatively to consecutive women presenting for elective operation at two hospital sites in the same health authority. The questionnaires were administered to 39 pregnant women by two anesthetists, one at each site. Sociodemographic and past and present obstetric and anesthetic details were obtained. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and the FEAR questionnaire were used with an additional visual analog scale to assess fearfulness associated with the proposed operation. A 'panic checklist' of ten items was also constructed to identify procedures associated with feelings of panic. Ten women requested general anesthesia. These women had a similar level of anxiety to the others, but were significantly more depressed, had had more pregnancies overall and more without live babies. There were also more aspects of the procedure at which they thought they might panic. Women who have suffered the loss of a conception with its associated grief and often obstetric intervention are more reluctant to be conscious during an operative delivery for a subsequent baby. Preventive measures should be considered at the time of fetal loss to avoid this. However, preoperatively a simple visual analog scale for fearfulness would identify these women so that any unresolved fears could receive full psychological assessment.
Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London, UK.
A
A
Holdcroft
A M
AM
Parshall
M G
MG
Knowles
K E
KE
Waite
B M
BM
Morgan
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000523:psychology*; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000523:psychology*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000523:psychology*; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007389:Internal-External Control; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D010200:Panic; D010552:Personality Assessment; D011247:Pregnancy