The effect of feedback on anxiety levels during ultrasound scanning for ovarian cancer.
Women undergoing ultrasound scanning for the detection of ovarian cancer benefit psychologically from the examination, which has been shown to reduce levels of anxiety, depression, hostility and complaints about somatic symptoms. However, it is not completely clear what aspects of the ultrasound examination are responsible for these effects, and how these beneficial psychological effects vary under different circumstances. This study examined, in particular, the effect of various levels of feedback on patients' anxiety levels before and after ultrasound examination. Two hundred and seven women were randomly assigned to two different experimental conditions: high feedback and low feedback. The subjects' levels of anxiety (both trait and state anxiety) were measured immediately before and after the ultrasound examination. The women's individual risk factors for ovarian cancer were also recorded. This study showed a significant decrease in the level of trait anxiety following ultrasound scanning. The decrease in anxiety did not relate to the level of feedback provided to the patients, nor to the woman's degree of risk for ovarian cancer. The results are discussed in terms of possible implications for clinical care and the allocation of resources in the medical system.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sha'are Zedek Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
O P
OP
Tadmor
Z
Z
Zlotogorski
M
M
Galron-Duniec
R
R
Rabinowitz
M
M
Neuman
U
U
Beller
Y Z
YZ
Diamant
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014463:Ultrasonography