Effect of dietary supplementation with n-3 fatty acids on coronary artery bypass graft patency.
Epidemiologic and experimental data suggest that a high dietary intake of long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids may reduce the risk of atherothrombotic disease. In a randomized, controlled study, 610 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting were assigned either to a fish oil group, receiving 4 g/day of fish oil concentrate, or to a control group. All patients received antithrombotic treatment, either aspirin or warfarin. Their diet and serum phospholipid fatty acid profiles were monitored. The primary end point was 1-year graft patency, which was assessed by angiography in 95% of patients. Vein graft occlusion rates per distal anastomoses were 27% in the fish oil group and 33% in the control group (odds ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval, 0.60 to 0.99, p = 0.034). In the fish oil group, 43% of the patients had > or = 1 occluded vein graft(s) compared with 51% in the control group (odds ratio 0.72, 95% confidence interval, 0.51 to 1.01, p = 0.05). Moreover, in the entire patient group, there was a significant trend to fewer patients with vein graft occlusions with increasing relative change in serum phospholipid n-3 fatty acids during the study period (p for linear trend = 0.0037). Thus, in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, dietary supplementation with n-3 fatty acids reduced the incidence of vein graft occlusion, and an inverse relation between relative change in serum phospholipid n-3 fatty acids and vein graft occlusions was observed.
Eritsland
J
J
Department of Cardiology, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Arnesen
H
H
Grønseth
K
K
Fjeld
N B
NB
Abdelnoor
M
M
D000368:Aged; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D014654:Vascular Patency / Q000187:drug effects*
D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3