Neurosensory preservation in endoscopic forehead plasty.
The recent introduction of endoscopic techniques and instrumentation in aesthetic surgery was caused in part by the desire to minimize surgical scars as well as to decrease the possibility of sensory changes secondary to extended incisions, such as the execution of a coronal incision in performing a forehead plasty. Although endoscopic surgical techniques provide field magnification together with excellent illumination, localization and preservation of the forehead neurovascular bundles via the endoscope can be time consuming and tedious. A new method is introduced where percutaneous localization of the supraorbital and supratrochlear nerves enables the surgeon to perform an endoscopic forehead plasty in an expeditious manner with preservation of sensation of the forehead and scalp.
Z P
ZP
Lorenc
E
E
Ivy
S J
SJ
Aston
D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005546:Forehead / Q000294:innervation / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D012677:Sensation; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000379:methods*