Emergence of bacterial resistance to imipenem and ciprofloxacin in a university hospital.
We have continuously monitored the in-vitro activities of imipenem and ciprofloxacin against large numbers of non-fastidious clinical isolates. After eight years of use, 97-100% of Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter baumannii remained susceptible to imipenem, but susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa declined from 100% to 91%. After six years of use, 94%-100% of Enterobacteriaceae (except Providencia stuartii) remained susceptible to ciprofloxacin but susceptibility of P. stuartii, A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa declined from 100% to 46%, 66% and 84%, respectively. Oxacillin-resistant staphylococci were considered to be resistant to imipenem and all beta-lactams. There were no quinolone-resistant staphylococci observed in 1986, but susceptibilities of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus haemolyticus to ciprofloxacin decreased to 85-93% for oxacillin-susceptible strains and to 7-39% for oxacillin-resistant strains. Enterococcus faecalis has remained susceptible to imipenem and the modal MIC of ciprofloxacin has remained 1 mg/L; however, susceptibility to ciprofloxacin 2 mg/L decreased from 94% to 64%. Imipenem-quinolone cross-resistance was observed for staphylococci but not for P. aeruginosa.
Fass
R J
RJ
Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus 43210, USA.
Barnishan
J
J
Ayers
L W
LW
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004363:Drug Utilization; D006801:Humans; D015378:Imipenem / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009643:Norfloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010068:Oxacillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010406:Penicillins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013845:Thienamycins / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D010406:Penicillins; D013845:Thienamycins; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D015378:Imipenem; D009643:Norfloxacin; D010068:Oxacillin