Serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) concentrations after chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in normal and tumor-bearing dogs.
Hematopoiesis is regulated by complex interactions of hematopoietic growth factors known as colony-stimulating factors and interleukins. We used sensitive bioassays to quantitate serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) concentrations in normal and tumor-bearing dogs following administration of myelosuppressive chemotherapy (vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide). Serum G-CSF and IL-1 increased during the neutrophil nadir in 13 of the 16 dogs. Serum G-CSF concentrations were significantly increased in normal and in tumor-bearing dogs on neutropenic compared to non-neutropenic days. Serum IL-1 concentrations increased significantly on neutropenic days in normal dogs but not in tumor-bearing dogs. A marked neutrophilia was observed in normal dogs, but not in tumor-bearing dogs, following the increases in serum G-CSF and IL-1 concentrations (days 7, 8, and 9, p < 0.05). Normal dogs produced significantly more G-CSF on neutropenic days compared to dogs with lymphoma. On non-neutropenic days, serum IL-1 concentrations were significantly increased in dogs with lymphoma and in dogs with nonlymphoid malignancies compared to normal dogs. These results suggest an important role for G-CSF and IL-1 in hematopoietic recovery after chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression and document an altered hematopoietic regulation in animals with malignancy compared to normal subjects.
Department of Urban Practice, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA.
L
L
Bravo
A M
AM
Legendre
K A
KA
Hahn
B W
BW
Rohrbach
T
T
Abraha
C D
CD
Lothrop
D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D004285:Dogs; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000097:blood*; D006394:Hemangiosarcoma / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced; D013584:Sarcoma, Synovial / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
D007375:Interleukin-1; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide