Degradation of 1,4-dichlorobenzene by Xanthobacter flavus 14p1.
Xanthobacter flavus 14p1 was isolated from sludge of the river Mulde by selective enrichment with 1,4-dichlorobenzene as the sole source of carbon and energy. The bacterium did not use other aromatic or chloroaromatic compounds as growth substrates. During growth on 1,4-dichlorobenzene, stoichiometric amounts of chloride ions were released. Degradation products of 1,4-dichlorobenzene were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. 3,6-Dichloro-cis-1,2-dihydroxycyclohexa-3,5-diene and 3,6-dichlorocatechol were isolated from culture fluid. 2,5-Dichloromuconic acid and 2-chloromaleylacetic acid as well as the decarboxylation product 2-chloroacetoacrylic acid were identified after enzymatic conversion of 3,6-dichlorocatechol by cell extract. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene dioxygenase, dihydrodiol dehydrogenase, and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase activity were induced in cells grown on 1,4-dichlorobenzene. The results demonstrate that 1,4-dichlorobenzene degradation is initiated by dioxygenation and that ring opening proceeds via ortho cleavage.
Institut für Biotechnologie, Fachgebiet Technische Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany.
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Görisch
D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D050548:Catechol 1,2-Dioxygenase; D050557:Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase; D002722:Chlorobenzenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D049308:Dioxygenases; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006088:Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010105:Oxygenases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014871:Water Microbiology
D002722:Chlorobenzenes; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; C018511:4-dichlorobenzene; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D010105:Oxygenases; D049308:Dioxygenases; D050548:Catechol 1,2-Dioxygenase; D050557:Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase; C048338:trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol dehydrogenase