The validity of urine examination for urinary tract infections in daily practice.
For urinary tract infections (UTI), diagnostic testing appears to be reliable and simple to perform. This particularly seems to hold true for test strips. In studies the validity of several urine tests proved to be high. These studies were, however, performed under optimal and standardized conditions. Their results therefore do not reflect daily practice. In this study the validity of urine tests for UTI is deterined under daily practice conditions, without the use of a protocol. The results show a validity considerably lower than under optimal conditions. Specificity in particular was lower, even for simple tests like the nitrite reaction. Under daily practice conditions, UTI can neither be confirmed nor excluded sufficiently on the outcome of a urinary sediment or test strip.
Diagnostic Coordinating Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
R A
RA
Winkens
P
P
Leffers
T A
TA
Trienekens
E E
EE
Stobberingh
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016482:Urinalysis; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000652:urine*