Does routine intravenous glucagon administration facilitate colonoscopy? A randomized trial.
BACKGROUND
Previous studies on the routine use of glucagon in colonoscopy have produced conflicting results.


METHODS
Two separate studies were performed. In one study (Study 1), 80 consecutive patients were randomized after cecal intubation to receive 1 mg glucagon (n = 41) or placebo (n = 39), intravenously, in double-blind fashion. In a second study (Study 2) 90 sedated patients undergoing colonoscopy were randomized to receive 1 mg glucagon (n = 46) or placebo (n = 44), intravenously, just before colonoscope insertion. In each study, colonoscope insertion and withdrawal time, therapeutic intervention time, the presence and severity of colonic spasm, colonoscopy yield, and side effects were recorded.


RESULTS
Mean withdrawal time in Study 1 was similar in those receiving glucagon (6.85 min) and in those receiving placebo (6.92 min). Mean insertion time in Study 2 (5.07 min) was identical between groups. Spasm scores and colonoscopy yield did not differ between glucagon and placebo in either study. There was a trend toward more side effects (nausea and vomiting) with glucagon in Study 1. Glucagon did not facilitate insertion or withdrawal in the subset of patients with diverticulosis.


CONCLUSIONS
Routine use of intravenous glucagon in a dosage of 1 mg does not facilitate colonoscopy by experienced examiners.
Cutler
C S
CS
Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.
Rex
D K
DK
Hawes
R H
RH
Lehman
G A
GA
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005934:Glucagon / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D005934:Glucagon