Predicted and measured resting metabolic rate of male and female endurance athletes.
OBJECTIVE
To measure the resting metabolic rate (RMR) of a group of endurance-trained male and female athletes and to compare it with values predicted using published equations.


METHODS
RMR was measured twice: 1 week apart for the men and approximately 1 month apart for the women. RMR was predicted using equations of Harris and Benedict, Owen et al, Mifflin et al, and Cunningham.


METHODS
Subjects were 37 trained endurance athletes (24 men, 13 women) who had participated in studies previously completed in our laboratory.


METHODS
The primary outcome measure was the comparison of predicted RMR with measured RMR. An exploratory procedure for the determination of predictive variables in these athletes was also performed.


METHODS
The Root Mean Squared Prediction Error method was used to compare predicted RMR with measured RMR. The maximum R2 procedure method was used to determine the best possible combination of four variables that explained the largest amount of variance in RMR.


RESULTS
The Cunningham equation was found to predict measured RMR most accurately (within 158 kcal/d for men and 103 kcal/d for women). Fat-free mass was the best predictor of RMR in men, whereas energy intake was the best predictor in women.


CONCLUSIONS
The Cunningham equation provides an accurate estimate of RMR when determining energy needs of highly active people. Equations specific to athletes need to be developed. Factors in addition to body weight, height, and age should be investigated as possible predictor variables in athletes.
Department of Health Promotion and Kinesiology, University of North Carolina, Charlotte 28223-0001, USA.
J
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Thompson
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Manore
D000328:Adult; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology*