Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I and II, IGF-binding proteins, and IGF-binding protein proteases are produced by theca and stroma of normal and polycystic human ovaries.
There is increasing evidence for an important regulatory role for the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in the human ovary. IGF-I and -II and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs)-1 to -4 have been identified by analysis of follicular fluid and granulosa cell-conditioned medium and by in situ hybridization and Northern and dot blot analyses of ovarian tissues. It has been suggested that abnormalities of intraovarian IGF-I or IGFBPs may play a part in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome. The aim of this study was to identify production of IGF-I and -II and IGFBP-1 to -4 by unstimulated normal and polycystic ovaries. IGF-I and -II were measured by RIA after acid-gel exclusion chromatography in medium conditioned by incubation for 48 h with granulosa cells or explants of theca or stroma. Both IGF-I and -II were present in the low nanograms per mL range in theca- and stroma-conditioned medium (T+SCM). IGFBPs in T+SCM were initially analyzed by Western ligand blotting, which revealed that low mol wt IGFBPs were predominant, especially IGFBP-2 (35 kDa). There was a band corresponding to 26 kDa with smaller amounts of a 31-kDa band, but only a trace of IGFBP-3 (44 and 40 kDa, confirmed by immunoblot). We found no consistent differences between normal and polycystic ovary syndrome ovaries, and although there was a trend toward increased IGFBP accumulation in response to LH, this was not consistent. We were unable to detect IGFs or IGFBPs by Western ligand blotting in granulosa cell-conditioned medium. In further studies we attempted to measure IGFBP-3 by RIA using two different antisera (alpha-BP-3gl and 1287-2-14) that detect different epitopes of IGFBP-3 and allow the presence of proteolytic activity to be demonstrated. Results obtained using alpha-BP-3gl were lower than those using 1287-2-14, suggesting proteolysis of IGFBP-3 in the medium. There was no evidence of proteolysis of serum IGFBP-3 after incubation with conditioned medium, but in contrast, radiolabeled [125I]IGFBP-3 was cleaved after incubation with T+SCM. Immunoblotting revealed intact IGFBP-2 (35 kDa) and bands of various sizes between 16-33 kDa. Immunoreactive fragments of IGFBP-3 between 13-40 kDa were seen. In conclusion, T+SCM contained IGF-I and -II. IGFBP-2 and -4 were the predominant species of IGFBP in T+SCM. T+SCM also contained significant protease activity directed toward IGFBP-2 and -3. Proteolytic activity may be an important mechanism by which bioactive IGFs are made available to these tissues.
Mason
H D
HD
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, Paddington, London, United Kingdom.
Cwyfan-Hughes
S C
SC
Heinrich
G
G
Franks
S
S
Holly
J M
JM
D015153:Blotting, Western; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010053:Ovary / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D013799:Theca Cells / Q000378:metabolism
D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D010450:Endopeptidases; C080473:insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 protease