The history of uroradiology.
In the first period (1896-1910), investigation was made through plain abdominal film with description and differential diagnosis of the different calcifications in the right hypochondrium. Second period (1911-1924): indirect signs of liver and gallbladder pathology were described. Via pneumoperitoneum and gastro-intestinal opacification the pathology in the right hypochondrium was delineated and interpreted. Third period (1924 until now): due to the development of contrast agents for the gallbladder and biliary tree, these organs could be directly visualized either by intravenous injection, or by peroral administration; sometimes direct injection of contrast in the bile ducts was used.
Oyen
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Dept. of Radiology, University Hospitals, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium.
Gryspeerdt
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S
Baert
A L
AL
D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000266:history; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000266:history; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000266:history; D014567:Urography / Q000266:history*