Decreasing incidence of major amputation in diabetic patients: a consequence of a multidisciplinary foot care team approach?
The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the changes in diabetes-related lower extremity amputations following the implementation of a multidisciplinary programme for prevention and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers in a 0.2 million population with a 2.4% prevalence of diabetes. All diabetes-related primary amputations from toe to hip from 1 January 1982 to 31 December 1993 were included. In 294 diabetic patients, 387 primary major (above the ankle) or minor (through or below the ankle) amputations were performed, constituting 48% of all lower extremity amputations. The annual number of amputations at all levels decreased from 38 to 21, equalling a decrease of incidence from 19.1 to 9.4/100,000 inhabitants (p = 0.001). The incidence of major amputations decreased by 78% from 16/1 to 3.6/100,000 inhabitants (p < 0.001). The absolute number of amputations with a final level below the ankle showed no increase, but their proportion increased from 28 to 53% (p < 0.001) and the reamputation rate decreased from 36 to 22% (p < 0.05) between the first and last 3-year period. Thus, a substantial long-term decrease in the incidence of major amputations was seen as well as a decrease in the total incidence of amputations in diabetic patients. Seventy-one per cent of the amputations were precipitated by a foot ulcer. These findings indicate that a multidisciplinary approach plays an important role to reduce and maintain a low incidence of major amputations in diabetic patients.
Larsson
J
J
Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Apelqvist
J
J
Agardh
C D
CD
Stenström
A
A
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010348:Patient Care Team; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology