Study of immune function in inbred miniature pigs vaccinated and challenged with suid herpesvirus 1.
Specific immune responses of inbred miniature pigs following vaccination and challenge with suid herpesvirus 1 (SHV-1) were determined. Vaccination of swine with SHV-1 elicited both specific neutralizing antibody and lymphoproliferative responses. Moreover, pigs vaccinated with SHV-1 were fully protected against a lethal virus challenge. Pigs vaccinated with a recombinant (r) SHV-1 virus, followed by challenge with a virulent SHV-1, had lower percentages of circulating T- and B-lymphocytes, and showed a significant (P < or = 0.05) reduction in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) antibody-dependent cell-cytotoxicity than control (noninfected, SHV-1 sero-negative) animals. From the 5th through the 8th week of postchallenge, rSHV-1 was isolated from 2 of 4 pigs. Presence of r-virus was indicative that PBMC were infectious in vivo. The rSHV-1, with beta-galactosidase activity, was only recovered from ConA- and IL-2-stimulated primary PBMC cocultivated with porcine kidney cells. Control pigs exposed to challenge SHV-1 elicited both specific neutralizing antibody and lympho-proliferative responses followed by subsequent infection. These infected pigs, compared to control pigs, had significantly (P < or = 0.05) lowered percentages of T- and B-lymphocytes, lowered T-cell mitogenic responses, variable PBMC counts, and lowered blood phagocytic cell function. When PBMC from control pigs were cultured and infected with SHV-1, the virus caused a significant (P < or = 0.05) suppression of T-cell proliferation and PBMC mitochondrial dehydrogenase and macrophage activities.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA.
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Williams
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D002455:Cell Division; D011558:Herpesvirus 1, Suid / Q000276:immunology*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000473:pathology; D011557:Pseudorabies / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D013556:Swine, Miniature / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines