Human macrophage response to retrieved titanium alloy particles in vitro.
Titanium alloy particles were isolated from membranes obtained at revision arthroplasty. Addition of these retrieved particles to human monocytes/macrophages in cell culture resulted in morphologic change and metabolic activation. Cells exposed to these particles actively phagocytized the metallic debris, resulting in an increase in cytoplasm and a polarization of ingested metal. The metabolic response of the macrophages included increased release of prostaglandin E2, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and increased hexosaminidase activity. Increased release of interleukin-1 beta was maximal 6 to 12 hours after particle exposure. These data show that retrieved titanium alloy particles activate macrophages in vitro in an analogous fashion to that observed around failed arthroplasties.
Maloney
W J
WJ
Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Stanford University Medical Center, CA, USA.
James
R E
RE
Smith
R L
RL
D000497:Alloys; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007595:Joint Prosthesis; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010316:Particle Size; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D013936:Thymidine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014025:Titanium
D000497:Alloys; D016207:Cytokines; D014025:Titanium; D015232:Dinoprostone; D013936:Thymidine