Enhancement of proxy appointment for older persons: physician counselling in the ambulatory setting.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the effectiveness of physician-initiated counselling on the rate of health care proxy appointment.


METHODS
Observational study of an intervention in a convenience sample.


METHODS
A geriatric outpatient clinic in a tertiary care teaching hospital, New York, New York.


METHODS
A total of 687 patients enrolled in the geriatric clinic during the study period March 1991 through June 1993.


METHODS
Physician counselling about the New York State Health Care Proxy Law, distribution of educational materials and healthcare proxy forms, and reminders in 331 of 466 eligible patients.


METHODS
Rate of healthcare proxy appointment in eligible and counselled groups; predictors of appointment and non-appointment; time elapsed from counselling to appointment; reasons for non-appointment; characteristics of the proxy appointment process.


RESULTS
A healthcare proxy was appointed for 31.5% of patients eligible for counselling and for 44% of patients who actually received the intervention, compared with a 2.3% proxy appointment rate at baseline. Eighty-one percent of the patients completing the proxy appointment process did so at or before their third clinic return visit after the counselling intervention. Of the counselled patients who did not appoint a proxy, 25% explicitly declined, and 75% had not come to a decision by the end of the study period. Proxy completion was associated with ethnicity, education, and more frequent clinic visits. Of those who appointed a proxy, 97% had good or fair comprehension of the procedure, 92% discussed the appointment with their designees, 63% appointed a daughter or son, and 80% discussed their wishes for care at the end of life with their proxy.


CONCLUSIONS
Physician counselling of older outpatients is an effective means of increasing healthcare proxy appointments.
Department of Geriatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
D E
DE
Meier
G
G
Gold
K
K
Mertz
B
B
Taylor
B E
BE
Cammer-Paris
A
A
Seckler
M
M
Mulvihill
D032722:Advance Care Planning; D016223:Advance Directives / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000379:methods*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods*; D004522:Educational Status; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D005853:Geriatrics / Q000379:methods; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009519:New York City; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013727:Terminal Care / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence