Factors associated with cytomegalovirus infection among human immunodeficiency virus type 1-seronegative and -seropositive women from an urban minority community.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) seroprevalence and genital tract shedding in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative and HIV-seropositive women from an urban minority community were investigated. CMV seropositivity was high in both groups: 181 (95.2%) of 190 HIV-negative and 158 (90.3%) of 175 HIV-positive subjects. Cervicovaginal shedding was detected in 8 (4.4%) CMV-positive HIV-negative subjects and 31 (19.6%) HIV-positive subjects (odds ratio [OR], 5.28; P < .001). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that CMV shedding was independently associated with younger age (OR = 0.90; P < .001) and concurrent Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection (OR = 3.60; P = .08). However, shedding was observed over a broad age range in HIV-positive subjects, with 54.8% of shedders being > or = 30 years old. Among HIV-positive subjects, CMV shedding was also associated with decreased CD4 cell counts (P = .04) and, compared with HIV-negative subjects, was significantly higher (P < .001) among subjects with CD4 cell counts < 500 x 10(6)/L (26.5% in subjects with counts < or = 200 and 22.1% in subjects with counts of 201-499 x 10(6)/L).
Clarke
L M
LM
Department of Pathology, State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn 11203, USA.
Duerr
A
A
Feldman
J
J
Sierra
M F
MF
Daidone
B J
BJ
Landesman
S H
SH
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000328:Adult; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000150:complications; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000150:complications; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000150:complications*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D008913:Minority Groups; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D014505:Urban Population; D014621:Vagina / Q000821:virology; D017201:Virus Shedding