Inhibitory effect of magnesium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate (VC-PMG) on melanogenesis in vitro and in vivo.
BACKGROUND
An inhibitory effect of ascorbic acid (AsA) on melanogenesis has been described. However, AsA is quickly oxidized and decomposed in aqueous solution and thus is not generally useful as a depigmenting agent.


OBJECTIVE
Our purpose was to examine the effect on pigmentation of magnesium-L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate (VC-PMG), a stable derivative of AsA.


METHODS
Percutaneous absorption of VC-PMG was examined in dermatomed human skin, and its effect on melanin production by mammalian tyrosinase and human melanoma cells in culture was also measured. A 10% VC-PMG cream was applied to the patients.


RESULTS
VC-PMG suppressed melanin formation by tyrosinase and melanoma cells. In situ experiments demonstrated that VC-PMG cream was absorbed into the epidermis and that 1.6% remained 48 hours after application. The lightening effect was significant in 19 of 34 patients with chloasma or senile freckles and in 3 of 25 patients with normal skin.


CONCLUSIONS
VC-PMG is effective in reducing skin hyperpigmentation in some patients.
Kameyama
K
K
Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
Sakai
C
C
Kondoh
S
S
Yonemoto
K
K
Nishiyama
S
S
Tagawa
M
M
Murata
T
T
Ohnuma
T
T
Quigley
J
J
Dorsky
A
A
Bucks
D
D
Blanock
K
K
D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008543:Melanins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism; D008548:Melanosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D012869:Skin Absorption; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D008543:Melanins; C011669:ascorbate-2-phosphate; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid