Induction of short-term biomarkers of tumor promotion in skin of CD-1 mice by petroleum middle distillates: preliminary observations.
The induction of sustained epidermal hyperplasia in mouse skin has been shown to be a reliable predictor of tumor promoting activity for chemicals as diverse as phorbol esters, anthralins, n-dodecane and organic peroxides (DiGiovanni, 1992). The results contained herein demonstrate that API 81-07 and API 81-10, petroleum middle distillates that exhibit tumor promoting activity in mouse skin, induce epidermal hyperplasia and ODC activity. Other petroleum middle distillates (odorless light petroleum hydrocarbons, a light vacuum distillate, and a mineral seal oil) were also shown to share these activities. It should be emphasized that the relevance of these observations to human skin remains unresolved; however, the availability of these short-term biomarkers offers the opportunity to address the issue by performing comparative investigations on the effects of petroleum middle distillates on human skin xenografted to athymic (nude) mice. Such studies are being initiated.
Pennzoil Co., Houston, Texas 77252, USA.
C
C
Skisak
J
J
DiGiovanni
C J
CJ
Conti
T J
TJ
Slaga
S
S
Sharma
J W
JW
Sagartz
E F
EF
Walborg
D000473:Alkanes / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000737:chemistry*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D010578:Petroleum / Q000633:toxicity*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000633:toxicity; D013997:Time Factors
D000473:Alkanes; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002273:Carcinogens; D010578:Petroleum; C007548:n-dodecane; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate