Genetic effect of apolipoprotein(a) and apolipoprotein E polymorphisms on plasma quantitative risk factors for coronary heart disease in American black women.
The distributions of plasma total cholesterol, apolipoproteins A-I and B and lipoprotein(a) levels as well as genetic typings of apolipoprotein(a) and apolipoprotein E were determined in a randomly selected sample of American Black women (mean age 22.2 +/- 6.5 years) . Mean plasma levels of cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein(a) were 184.5 +/- 3.0 mg/dl, 138.0 +/- 3.1 mg/dl, 79.5 +/- 1.8 mg/dl and 24.5 +/- 1.5 mg/dl, respectively. Plasma lipoprotein (a) levels correlated significantly with apolipoprotein B and cholesterol. The contribution of apolipoprotein (a) and apolipoprotein E polymorphisms in affecting these quantitative traits was evaluated. The apolipoprotein(a) locus was extremely polymorphic with 27 alleles, while the 3 common alleles were observed in the apolipoprotein E gene. The frequencies of the APOE*2, APOE* and APOE*4 alleles were 0.094, 0.674 and 0.232, respectively. An inverse relationship was observed between the size of apolipoprotein(a) isoforms and lipoprotein(a) levels (r = 0.37; P = 0.0001). The apolipoprotein E polymorphism revealed a significant genotypic effect on apolipoprotein B (P = 0.0008) and cholesterol (P= 0.005) levels; these concentrations were lower in the APOE 2-3 genotype and higher in the 3-4 and 4-4 genotypes compared with the common 3-3 genotype. The apolipoprotein E polymorphism explained 15.8% and 6.3% of the phenotypic variance in apolipoprotein B and cholesterol levels, respectively. This study demonstrates that genetics play an important role in determining quantitative risk factors for coronary heart disease among American Black women.
Kamboh
M I
MI
Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Evans
R W
RW
Aston
C E
CE
D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011897:Random Allocation; D012307:Risk Factors
D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D002784:Cholesterol