Decline of DNA damage and other biomarkers in peripheral blood following smoking cessation.
Serial samples from 40 heavy smokers ( > or = pack/day for > or = 1 year) enrolled in a smoking cessation program were assayed for cotinine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-DNA, 4-aminobiphenyl-hemoglobin (4-ABP-Hb) adducts, and glycophorin A (GPA) mutations. Blood samples were taken while subjects were smoking, and 10 weeks and 8 and 14 months after quitting. Cotinine was used to assess compliance with the cessation protocol. A significant reduction in mean PAH-DNA and 4-ABP-Hb adducts was observed after cessation in all persons who were cotinine-verified quitters ( < or = 25 ng/ml) for > or = 8 months (P < 0.05). Neither the GPA N/phi nor the GPA N/N mutation Vf was significantly reduced after smoking cessation, but results are limited by the small number (n = 18) of heterozygous individuals studied. The substantial reduction (50-75%) in PAH-DNA and 4-ABP-Hb adduct levels after quitting indicates these carcinogen adducts are reflective of smoking. Passive exposure to smoke at home was significantly associated with PAH-DNA adducts in active smokers and in ex-smokers 10 weeks after quitting (P < 0.01). The estimated half-life of the PAH-DNA adducts in leukocytes is 9-13 weeks by inspection of the mean biomarker levels from baseline and 10 weeks sample and 23 (95% confidence interval, 10-36 weeks) using a linear regression model that adjusted for background.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mooney
L A
LA
Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Santella
R M
RM
Covey
L
L
Jeffrey
A M
AM
Bigbee
W
W
Randall
M C
MC
Cooper
T B
TB
Ottman
R
R
Tsai
W Y
WY
Wazneh
L
L
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D003367:Cotinine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000502:physiology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D050938:Glycine N-Methyltransferase; D006021:Glycophorins / Q000032:analysis*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008780:Methyltransferases; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood*; D016540:Smoking Cessation
D015415:Biomarkers; D002273:Carcinogens; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006021:Glycophorins; D006454:Hemoglobins; C062091:hemoglobin, 4-aminobiphenyl-; D008780:Methyltransferases; D050938:Glycine N-Methyltransferase; D003367:Cotinine