Aprotinin and methylprednisolone equally blunt cardiopulmonary bypass-induced inflammation in humans.
Cardiopulmonary bypass induces an inflammatory state characterized by tumor necrosis factor-alpha release. Integrin CD11b is a neutrophil surface adhesive glycoprotein integrin that is rapidly and permanently unregulated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha exposure. The CD11b integrin is known to be the primary neutrophil integrin responsible for neutrophil lung and myocardial entrapment after cardiopulmonary bypass and subsequent reperfusion injury. Twenty-four adults admitted to the hospital for myocardial revascularization were equally randomized to one of three groups: group A (control), group B (methylprednisolone before cardiopulmonary bypass), and group C (low-dose aprotinin protocol). Blood was collected at three times: (1) baseline, (2) 50 minutes of cardiopulmonary bypass duration, and (3) 30 minutes after cardiopulmonary bypass termination. Neutrophil CD11b integrin expression was measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis and plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Group A demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) increases in CD11b expression at times 2 and 3 when results were compared with those of the same group baseline and with those of groups B and C at similar times. No significant changes were noted between groups B and C at any time. Group A demonstrated a significant (p < 0.05) increase in levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha at time 3 when results were compared with those of the same group baseline and of groups B and C at the same time. No significant changes were noted between B and C at any time. These results demonstrate low-dose aprotinin has a similar antiinflammatory effect to that of methylprednisolone in blunting cardiopulmonary bypass-induced systemic tumor necrosis factor-alpha release and neutrophil integrin CD11b upregulation.
Hill
G E
GE
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198-4455, USA.
Alonso
A
A
Spurzem
J R
JR
Stammers
A H
AH
Robbins
R A
RA
D000368:Aged; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007611:Aprotinin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007611:Aprotinin; D008775:Methylprednisolone