title: Photodynamic laser cyclodestruction with chloroaluminum sulfonated phthalocyanine (CASPc) or Photofrin (PII) vs. Nd:YAG laser cyclodestruction in a pigmented rabbit model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate Photofrin (PII) and CASPc for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of the ciliary body in rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  PII (10 mg/kg) or CASPc (1 mg/kg) was given by ear vein. Pharmacokinetics were studied in frozen sections by fluorescence microscopy (CCD camera based low light detection system with digital image processing) at 1 and 24 h (8 rabbits; 16 eyes). Laser light was delivered (argon pumped dye laser; 630 and 675 nm; 8 rabbits; 16 eyes) by contact fiberoptic. To compensate for iris attenuation, irradiance was 125 mW/cm2 (20, 40, 80, or 160 J/cm2). Controls (4 rabbits; 8 eyes) received laser light without photochemicals (OD) and for comparison, continuous wave Nd:YAG laser by fiberoptic (0.8-1.2J; OS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Localization studies showed intravascular distribution with some selective ciliary body distribution at 24 h (PII > CASPc). Rabbits treated with PII or CASPc exhibited variable amounts of gross ciliary body edema, infarction, and necrosis by 24-48 h. This response was not seen in PDT control tissues; damage was seen in the iris and ciliary body, with partial vacuolization of the pigment epithelium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PDT may offer a more selective approach to ciliary body destruction. A small but significant thermal effect was seen during PDT from melanin photon uptake with damage to iris and ciliary body. Thermal damage and potential interaction with ocular visual pigments may limit use of these photochemicals and wavelengths for PDT of the ciliary body.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine 92717, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Esterowitz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Liaw
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yashiro
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krasieva
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Berns
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D017323:Dihematoporphyrin Ether / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007211:Indoles / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C052736:chloroaluminum tetrasulfophthalocyanine; D017323:Dihematoporphyrin Ether