title: Interfering with somatosensory stimulation from pups sensitizes experienced, postpartum rat mothers to oxytocin antagonist inhibition of maternal behavior.
abstract: Proximal separation (PS) refers to isolating pups in small cages so dams can hear, smell, and see pups but have very limited physical contact with them. Six days of PS diminished the number of discernible oxytocin- (OT) immunostaining perikarya in forebrain areas of rat dams compared with 6 days of total separation (TS) or no separation (NS) from pups. Dams exhibited a more rapid resurgence of maternal behavior after 4-6 days of PS than after 4-6 days of TS. Bilateral infusion of the OT antagonist (OTA; 1 microgram/microliter/side) into the ventral tegmental area blocked the resurgence of maternal behavior after 3-6 days of PS but not after 2 days of PS or 4-6 days of NS. The conclusion was that PS for 3 or more days reinstates OT as necessary and sufficient for the activation of maternal behavior in experienced rat mothers. These findings suggest that some aspects of somatosensory stimulation from pups regulate the role of OT in the control of maternal behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Brain and Development Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599-7250, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Johns
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Musiol
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perez-Delgado
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ayers
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Faggin
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Caldwell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D008425:Maternal Behavior / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008465:Mechanoreceptors / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology; D010286:Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011301:Preoptic Area / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016548:Prosencephalon / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012683:Sensory Deprivation / Q000502:physiology*; D012934:Social Isolation; D013681:Tegmentum Mesencephali / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014668:Vasotocin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C076093:vasotocin, (beta-mercapto-beta,beta-cyclopentamethylenepropionic acid)-O-methyl-Tyr(2)-Thr(4)-Orn(8)-Tyr(9)-NH2; D010121:Oxytocin; D014668:Vasotocin