title: Effects of PBMC-derived histamine-releasing factors on histamine release from human skin and lung mast cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A field of study which has attracted much recent interest is the ability of mononuclear cells and neutrophils to interact with histamine releasing cells by production of specific histamine releasing factors (HRFs). However, almost all of these studies have been performed on basophils rather than human mast cells.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We have investigated the effects of lyophilized fractions of HRF preparations on histamine release from human skin and lung mast cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lyophilized fractions of HRF preparations include crude supernatant from mononuclear cell/platelet (crude), void peak from anion exchange chromatography column (void), second peak from anion exchange chromatography (peak 2), neutrophil-activating peptide-2 (NAP-2), which was purified from void peak at molecular weight of 8-12 kDa, and monocyte chemotactic-activating factor (MCAF). Mast cells were enzymatically dispersed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Crude (24.2 micrograms/mL-2.42 mg/mL), void (5.4 micrograms/mL-0.54 mg/mL), peak 2 (3.5 micrograms/mL-0.35 mg/mL), and NAP-2 (1-20 micrograms/mL) failed to release histamine from lung mast cells. In skin mast cells, only higher concentrations of crude and void caused minimal release of histamine. MCAF up to micromolar concentrations failed to have an effect on mast cells from either source. However, these HRFs induced histamine release from human basophils. We also explored whether HRFs and stem cell factor could act as either priming agents for each other or for anti-IgE. The response of skin mast cells to all these preparations was not enhanced by preincubation in stem cell factor at 1 ng/mL, nor did the HRFs and MCAF enhance the response of skin mast cells to anti-IgE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that these HRFs have no significant effect on dispersed human cutaneous and lung mast cells.
authors.affiliation: Immunopharmacology Group, Southampton General Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okayama
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brzezińska-Błaszczyk
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuna
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Church
mesh_terms: D001491:Basophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000737:chemistry; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019089:Stem Cell Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D000090324:Tumor Protein, Translationally-Controlled 1
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D019089:Stem Cell Factor; D000090324:Tumor Protein, Translationally-Controlled 1