title: The Ivemark syndrome: prenatal diagnosis of an uncommon cystic renal lesion with heterogeneous associations.
abstract: Renal dysplasia has been reported in association with a number of anatomical abnormalities, including pancreatic dysgenesis and hepatic anomalies. The combination of renal, hepatic, and pancreatic dysplasia (RHPD), also known as Ivemark syndrome, is rare and uniformly fatal. We report here the gross and histological findings in 4 cases of combined RHPD, 2 of which were detected by prenatal ultrasonography. Evaluation of these 4 and the other 20 reported cases shows that combined RHPD has considerable variability in the histological findings and in organ involvement. In addition, nearly half were associated with anomalies in other organ systems, and 11 of the 24 were familial. In this study, ultrasonographic and histological abnormalities were seen as early as 18.5 weeks gestation in 1 case.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rudloff
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liapis
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Manes
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davila
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kissane
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003560:Cysts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D052177:Kidney Diseases, Cystic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008099:Liver / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D010181:Pancreatic Cyst / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D013577:Syndrome; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal