title: Effect of rifampin on Staphylococcus aureus colonization in children on chronic peritoneal dialysis.
abstract: The efficacy of rifampin in eliminating Staphylococcus aureus colonization was evaluated in a pediatric peritoneal dialysis population. Six children with documented nasal colonization were treated for 7 days with rifampin and cloxacillin. Although antimicrobial therapy eliminated nasal carriage in all patients, recolonization occurred in 66%. Exit site colonization proved difficult to eradicate with negative cultures documented in only 3 of 5 children after rifampin/cloxacillin therapy. Although S. aureus carriage is a risk factor for S. aureus infections, efforts to eradicate carriage with rifampin are hindered by rapid recolonization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Hanevold
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Waltz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bartosh
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Baluarte
mesh_terms: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000382:microbiology*; D002648:Child; D003023:Cloxacillin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009666:Nose / Q000382:microbiology*; D010406:Penicillins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D010406:Penicillins; D003023:Cloxacillin; D012293:Rifampin