title: Suppression of cytokine production in T helper type 2 cells by nitric oxide in comparison with T helper type 1 cells.
abstract: We examined the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on cytokine production in T helper (Th) cell subsets, using murine splenic CD4+ T cells and two types of Th clones. Interferon-gamma-treated murine peritoneal exudate cells (IFN-PEC) suppressed DNA synthesis to 60% of the control level in CD4+ T cells stimulated with the anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody. The production of IL-2 and IL-4 in the CD4+ T cells decreased to 63.2% and 9.2%, respectively, of the control value by co-culture with IFN-PEC. The addition of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) partially recovered the suppression of DNA synthesis. In the presence of indomethacin, the suppression of DNA synthesis was partially inhibited and the reduction in the cytokine production caused by IFN-PEC was partially recovered. The simultaneous addition of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) and indomethacin completely inhibited not only the suppression of DNA synthesis but also the reduction in the cytokine production caused by IFN-PEC. Moreover, DNA synthesis in the Th2 clone was suppressed to a greater extent than that in the Th1 clone by co-culture with IFN-PEC. This suppression in the Th1 clone was inhibited by the addition of L-NMMA, whereas the DNA synthesis in the Th2 clone was not recovered by L-NMMA. In addition, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) suppressed IL-4 production in the Th2 clone but had no effect on IL-2 production in the Th1 clone. In the experiment of the co-culture with IFN-PEC, the inhibitory-effect of NO on T cell activation was not clarified by the influence of prostaglandins. However, in conclusion, cytokine production in Th2 cells may be more susceptible to NO than that in Th1 cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nukaya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawabe
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suketa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016207:Cytokines; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009599:Nitroprusside; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D004247:DNA; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D007213:Indomethacin