title: Effect of pregnancy on the risk of developing active tuberculosis.
abstract: In a case-control study, the effect of recent pregnancy on the risk of developing active tuberculosis among women of reproductive age was investigated in Santo Domingo. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-negative women diagnosed with new-onset tuberculosis (TB) were compared, respectively, with HIV-positive and HIV-negative women without TB with regard to reproductive history, demographic characteristics, and risk factors for HIV infection. In neither HIV-positive nor HIV-negative women was recent pregnancy or childbirth associated with an increased risk of developing active TB. These results fail to confirm earlier suggestions that pregnancy increases the risk that a woman of child-bearing age infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis will develop active TB.
authors.affiliation: Division of Public Health Biology and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley 94720-7360, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Espinal
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Reingold
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lavandera
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004293:Dominican Republic / Q000453:epidemiology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000150:complications*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies