Body fat distribution and non-insulin-dependent diabetes: comparison of a fiber-rich, high-carbohydrate, low-fat (23%) diet and a 35% fat diet high in monounsaturated fat.
The effects of a fiber-rich, high-carbohydrate, low-fat (HCLF) diet and a modified-fat (MF) diet high in monounsaturated fat on body fat distribution were examined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 16 subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) during a randomized crossover study. Subjects lost similar amounts of body fat consuming the HCLF and MF diets (-0.83 +/- 0.37 and -0.87 +/- 0.40 kg, respectively) despite a marked difference in total fat consumption. With the MF diet, the ratio of upper- to lower-body fat (UF:LF) remained unchanged because fat was lost proportionately from the upper and lower body. In contrast, with the HCLF diet, a disproportionate loss of lower-body fat caused the UF:LF to increase. The effects of diet on regional body fat loss were significant (P < 0.05, two-factor repeated-measures ANOVA).
Walker
K Z
KZ
School of Nutrition and Public Health, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia.
O'Dea
K
K
Johnson
L
L
Sinclair
A J
AJ
Piers
L S
LS
Nicholson
G C
GC
Muir
J G
JG
D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000886:Anthropometry; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005227:Fatty Acids