title: Considerations and problems in the development of the mini-spindle pump.
abstract: The premise for the development of the mini-spindle pump, planned as an implantable device for assisted circulation, was to transport 4 L of water/min in mock circulation with a speed of 12-15,000 rpm against an afterload of 90 mm Hg. After calculations, the resulting first prototype had a spindle rotor with 3 threads (outer diameter, 18 mm; inner diameter, 6.2 mm; length, 45 mm) in a U-shaped housing, driven by an electric motor with a cooling system. In mock circulation, this pump moved 7.8 L of water/min at 18,000 rpm. To avoid animal experiments, its influence on the blood was tested in a Maxima oxygenator. The device circulated 4.2 L of blood/min with the same speed. Because of its high traumatic hemolysis rate (> 250 mg% of free hemoglobin after 7 h of pumping), the rotor was modified, first without effect at 2.5 threads and then at 4 threads. In addition, in this third prototype, the flow direction was reversed. This prototype was more effective (4.3 L of blood/min at 12,000 rpm in the oxygenator) and the hemolysis rate, after a pumping duration of 8 h, could only be reduced to 180 mg% of free hemoglobin. As a result, a fourth prototype was developed (i.e., the U-shape of the housing was abandoned). This device functioned better than the third prototype (4.5 L of blood/min at 12,000 rpm in the oxygenator), but the blood trauma increased (220 mg% of free hemoglobin after 7 h of pumping).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Surgical Clinic I, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hager
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koller
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gschnitzer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fitz
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Klima
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brandstaetter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002417:Cattle; D004867:Equipment Design; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices / Q000592:standards*; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000502:physiology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D011673:Pulsatile Flow