Evolution of canine parvovirus involved loss and gain of feline host range.
Canine parvovirus (CPV) type-2 emerged as a new virus infecting dogs in 1978, and it was probably derived as a variant of feline panleukopenia virus or of a closely related virus infecting another carnivore. CPV type-2 was subsequently replaced in nature by antigenically variant viruses (CPV type-2a and CPV type-2b) which now coexist in dog populations worldwide. We show that CPV type-2 isolates did not replicate in cats, but that both CPV type-2a and CPV type-2b isolates replicated efficiently. About 10% of the viruses isolated from cats with natural parvovirus disease were antigenically indistinguishable from CPV type-2a or type-2b. The capsid protein gene sequence of a 1990 feline parvovirus isolate ("FPV-24") was essentially identical to the sequence of CPV type-2b viruses from dogs. The loss and reacquisition of the feline host range in CPV was most likely due in each case to small numbers of changes in a region of the virus capsid where three protein monomers interact.
Truyen
U
U
Institute for Medical Microbiology, Ludwig Maximillians University, Munich, Germany.
Evermann
J F
JF
Vieler
E
E
Parrish
C R
CR
D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000145:classification; D001483:Base Sequence; D005075:Biological Evolution; D002213:Capsid / Q000235:genetics; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000821:virology; D002415:Cats; D004279:DNA, Viral; D004285:Dogs; D028301:Feline Panleukopenia Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D017993:Parvovirus, Canine / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010802:Phylogeny
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral