Clinical pharmacokinetics of new antiepileptic drugs.
We have reviewed the pharmacokinetics of six antiepileptic drugs that are marketed (felbamate, gabapentin, lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, vigabatrin, and zonisamide) and six drugs that are undergoing evaluation (levetiracetam, ralitoline, remacemide, stiripentol, tiagabine, and topiramate). In addition, we have compared the prodrugs eterobarb and fosphenytoin and the controlled-release formulations of valproic acid and carbamazepine with their parent compounds. Finally, we have devised a scoring system to compare the pharmacokinetics of new antiepileptic drugs. Using this system, vigabatrin, levetiracetam, gabapentin, and topiramate appea to have the most favourable pharmacokinetic profiles, whilst ralitoline and stiripentol have the least favourable.
Walker
M C
MC
University Department of Clinical Neurology, Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Patsalos
P N
PN
D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000592:standards; D004347:Drug Interactions; D015507:Drugs, Investigational; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014018:Tissue Distribution
D000927:Anticonvulsants; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D015507:Drugs, Investigational; D011355:Prodrugs