title: Interleukin-1 alpha stimulates dopamine release by activating type II protein kinase A in PC-12 cells.
abstract: A recent study from this laboratory [A. R. Gwosdow, N. A. O'Connell, and A. B. Abou-Samra. Am. J. Physiol. 263 (Endocrinol. Metab. 26): E461-E466, 1992] showed that the inflammatory mediator interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) stimulates catecholamine release from primary cultures of rat adrenal cells. The present studies were conducted to determine whether 1) IL-1 alpha stimulates catecholamine/dopamine release from the adrenal medullary cell line PC-12 and 2) the adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA) pathway is involved in IL-1 alpha-induced dopamine release from PC-12 cells. The results indicate that IL-1 alpha significantly (P < 0.05) elevated dopamine release after a 24-h incubation period. IL-1 alpha did not stimulate cAMP accumulation at any time period between 5 min and 2 h. In contrast, forskolin-treated cells elevated (P < 0.05) intracellular cAMP levels and increased dopamine release. Because IL-1 alpha did not affect cAMP accumulation, the effect of IL-1 alpha on PKA activity was investigated. IL-1 alpha increased (P < 0.05) PKA activity at 15 and 30 min and returned to control levels by 1 h. Forskolin also increased (P < 0.05) PKA activity. The type of PKA activated (P < 0.05) by IL-1 alpha was type II PKA. In contrast, forskolin activated (P < 0.05) type I and type II PKA. Inhibition of PKA with the PKA inhibitor H-8 blocked PKA activity and dopamine secretion by both IL-1 alpha and forskolin in PC-12 cells. These observations demonstrate that 1) IL-1 alpha stimulated dopamine release from PC-12 cells by activating PKA, 2) the mechanism of IL-1 alpha activation of PKA does not involve detectable increases in intracellular cAMP accumulation, and 3) IL-1 alpha activates type II PKA, which is used by IL-1 alpha to stimulate dopamine secretion from PC-12 cells.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: O'Connell
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gwosdow
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D054746:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D007527:Isoenzymes; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D054746:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D004298:Dopamine