title: Effect of supplementation of milk fat with peanut oil on blood lipids and lipoproteins in infants.
abstract: Three different groups of infants were fed with different formulae based on milk fat. Group I received cow's milk fat formulae with 20% butter fat whereas groups II and III received a formulae which was supplemented with 50 and 33% of peanut oil supplementation in 20% milk fat respectively. Anthropometric measurements, cholesterol, triglyceride, lipoproteins and plasma fatty acids were followed up to a period of 6 months. The results indicated that cow's milk-fed infants had higher cholesterol levels (P < 0.01) than the other two groups. No significant differences with respect to high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) were found, whereas low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDls (VLDls) were found to be increasing up to a period of 6 months. No significant differences were observed with respect to saturated fatty acids and oleic acid (18:1) levels whereas linoleic acid (18:2) clearly showed a proportional relationship between the intake and plasma levels, indicating a positive correlation. Arachidonic acid (20:4) did not, however, show a proprotionate relationship with respect to linoleic acid (18:2) intake. The triene/tetraene, oleic/linoleic, linoleic/arachidonic and total n6 fatty acids were all normal indicating normal activity of desaturase and elongase enzymes for the optimal utilisation of linoleic acid. Thus, the present study suggests that a vegetable oil such as peanut oil could be used in milk fat to improve the essential fatty acid (EFA) status of infants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hariharan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurien
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Rao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000097:blood; D001827:Body Height / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D007225:Infant Food / Q000592:standards; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D008041:Linoleic Acids / Q000097:blood; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D019301:Oleic Acid; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000097:blood; D000074241:Peanut Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D009829:Oleic Acids; D000074241:Peanut Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D019301:Oleic Acid; D019787:Linoleic Acid