title: Cell cycle inhibition of HTLV-I transformed T cell lines by retinoic acid: the possible therapeutic use of thioredoxin reductase inhibitors.
abstract: Adult T cell leukemia derived factor (ADF), which was first reported as a cytokine-like factor produced by human T lymphotropic virus I (HTLV-I)-transformed T cells, is a human homologue of thioredoxin (TRX). ADF/TRX has multiple functions including growth promoting, antiapoptotic and radical scavenging activities, and is also involved in a wide variety of intracellular processes as a dithiol reducing agent in cooperation with the NADPH-TRX reductase system. In HTLV-1(+) T cell lines, HuT 102 and MT-2, which are ADF/TRX high producing cells, we found that the expression of ADF/TRX was dependent on the cell cycle and peaked at S phase. The reducing activity of ADF/TRX in these cells was also dependent on the cell cycle and elevated in S phase as determined by NADPH-dependent insulin degradation assay. Furthermore, inhibitors of TRX reductase, 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-cis-RA) and azelaic acid, inhibited the DNA synthesis of these cells. In contrast, the residual expression and reducing activity of ADF/TRX in HTLV-I(-) T cell lines did not show any significant correlation with the cell cycle. There was no distinct inhibitory effect of 13-cis-RA or azelaic acid on the growth of these ADF/TRX low producing cells. These results indicate that a high level of reducing activity of the ADF/TRX system may be required for the cell division of these virally transformed cells. This suggests that the TRX reductase inhibitors including retinoid derivatives have a potential therapeutic utility for treatment of HTLV-1(+) T cell leukemia without any effect on HTLV-I(-) cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: U-Taniguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furuke
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masutani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yodoi
mesh_terms: D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003998:Dicarboxylic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology*; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014812:Vitamin K / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D003998:Dicarboxylic Acids; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006133:Growth Substances; D007328:Insulin; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C055533:adult T cell leukemia-derived factor; D014812:Vitamin K; D013879:Thioredoxins; D014212:Tretinoin; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase; C010038:azelaic acid