title: Smokers' knowledge and understanding of advertised tar numbers: health policy implications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article examines health policy implications of providing smokers with numerical tar yield information in cigarette advertising.
  
  
  METHODS
  Results of a national probability telephone survey regarding smokers' knowledge and understanding of numerical tar yields and deliveries are reported.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Few smokers knew the tar level of their own cigarettes (the exception being smokers of 1- to 5-mg tar cigarettes), and a majority could not correctly judge the relative tar levels of cigarettes. Smokers were unsure whether switching to lower-tar cigarettes would reduce their personal health risks. Many smokers relied on absolute numbers in making trade-offs between number of cigarettes smoked and their tar levels, thus confusion machine-rated tar-yields with actual amounts ingested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The wisdom of the present method of providing tar and nicotine numbers in ads and recommendations for modifying the test protocol are now under discussion. This research indicates that these tar numbers and their implications are poorly understood. The paper recommends revisions in tar ratings to make them more useful and a required statement on cigarette packages to more explicitly relate tar levels to major health risks.
authors.affiliation: Center for Consumer Research, College of Business Administration, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611-7150, USA.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000329:Advertising; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009538:Nicotine; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D011897:Random Allocation; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D013638:Tars; D013689:Telephone; D014026:Nicotiana; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D013638:Tars; C024746:tobacco tar; D009538:Nicotine