title: Expression of human Pit-1 product in the human pituitary and pituitary adenomas. Immunohistochemical studies using an antibody against synthetic human Pit-1 product.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pit-1, a member of a family of the POU-domain DNA binding factors, has been known as a pituitary-specific transcriptional factor that regulates functional differentiation toward somatotrophs, lactotrophs, and thyrotrophs in the rodent pituitary gland. The aim of this study is to elucidate the role of human Pit-1 (hPit-1) protein in the differentiation of human pituitary adenomas, using immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anti-human Pit-1 polyclonal antibody against synthetic peptide was applied to perform the avidin-biotinperoxidase complex method on paraffin sections of 75 surgically obtained pituitary adenomas and 12 nontumorous human pituitaries obtained at autopsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In normal human pituitary glands, many cells were positive for hPit-1 product in the nuclei of somatotrophs, lactotrophs, and somatomammotrophs. Among 75 pituitary adenomas, hPit-1 product was expressed in 55 adenomas (73.3%). All (100%) of the growth hormone-positive and thyrotroph cell adenomas were positive for hPit-1 product. Unexpectedly, expression of hPit-1 was found in a limited number of adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing adenomas and clinically nonfunctioning adenomas, including gonadotroph cell adenomas, although localization was found only in occasional cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The invariable expression of hPit-1 protein in growth hormone-positive adenomas and thyroid-stimulating hormone-positive adenomas may suggest the role of Pit-1 protein in specific differentiation of the adenoma cells. The expression of hPit-1 in various other types of adenomas may indicate the involvement of other unidentified transcription factors or specific mediators that have roles in these differentiations. Our observation may provide some insight into the origin of cell types of some clinically nonfunctional adenomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sanno
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teramoto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsuno
authors.forename: R Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Osamura
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010455:Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000276:immunology; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000378:metabolism*; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D050817:Transcription Factor Pit-1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C494187:POU1F1 protein, human; D010455:Peptides; D050817:Transcription Factor Pit-1; D014157:Transcription Factors