Hyaluronidase in the prevention of sclerotherapy-induced extravasation necrosis. A dose-response study.
BACKGROUND
A previous study found hyaluronidase to be effective in the prevention of necrosis following intradermal sodium tetradecyl sulfate and 23.4% sodium chloride. There are no published dose-response studies of hyaluronidase used in this manner.


OBJECTIVE
To conduct a dose-response study using hyaluronidase in the prevention of necrosis following intradermal 23.4% sodium chloride.


METHODS
Study I evaluated control vs hyaluronidase groups (150, 300, 450 units; all in volume of 3 mL) in the prevention of necrosis following intradermal 0.25 mL 23.4% sodium chloride. Incidence and size of necrosis were compared between groups. In study II, hyaluronidase was administered in doses ranging from 18.75 to 900 units (all in volume of 3 mL) immediately following the intradermal instillation of 0.25 mL of 23.4% sodium chloride. A control group had no therapy. The incidence of necrosis was compared between groups. A dose-response curve was constructed. Both studies were randomized and blinded and used Sprague-Dawley rats.


RESULTS
A statistically significant protective effect was found in the treated vs the untreated groups in both studies. Maximal protection was achieved by 75 units of hyaluronidase and was not improved upon by higher doses.


CONCLUSIONS
In the event of extravasation with 23.4% sodium chloride, in the model studied, one can expect maximal protection with a dose of 75 units of hyaluronidase.
Zimmet
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Animal Resources Center, University of Texas, Austin, USA.
D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005119:Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015994:Incidence; D009336:Necrosis; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000009:adverse effects*
D012965:Sodium Chloride; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase