title: Comparison of Legionella pneumophila isolates by arbitrarily primed PCR and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis: analysis from seven epidemic investigations.
abstract: Arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) subtyping were applied to clinical and environmental isolates from seven unrelated outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease. The patterns observed with each method matched patient isolates and the epidemiologically linked source of disease for each of the seven outbreaks. PFGE allowed more discrimination among various isolates, although AP-PCR usually gave comparable results. With both methods, certain patterns appeared to predominate in the comparison of the seven outbreaks. Of five clinical isolates not associated with the outbreaks, three gave profiles distinct from those observed in the outbreaks by both methods. This suggests that there are at least two predominant subtypes of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 associated with outbreaks. Investigations of outbreaks of legionellosis should employ either PFGE or AP-PCR in addition to monoclonal antibody analysis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pruckler
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mermel
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giorgio
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Cassiday
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Breiman
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Whitney
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Fields
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D016952:Legionella pneumophila / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007877:Legionnaires' Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012703:Serotyping; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology