title: Positron-emission tomography in tardive dyskinesia.
abstract: Cerebral glucose metabolic rates were determined in normal control subjects (n = 26) and schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia (n = 14). Globus pallidus and primary motor cortex (precentral gyrus) metabolic values divided by those of the cerebral hemispheres were significantly increased in the patient group. A similar metabolic pattern has not been reported for schizophrenic patients without tardive dyskinesia, and the abnormalities were demonstrated despite the normal appearance of the basal ganglia on X-ray CT. The findings differed markedly from the reduced metabolic rates of the basal ganglia previously identified in other choreiform disorders, including Huntington's and Wilson's diseases. The findings suggest that tardive dyskinesia is characterized by increased pallidal synaptic activity resulting from either altered striatopallidal input or increased pallidal interneuron firing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, USA.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Pahl
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Mazziotta
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bartzokis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Altschuler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mintz
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Marder
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Phelps
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D005917:Globus Pallidus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose