title: Ipsilateral pushing in stroke: incidence, relation to neuropsychological symptoms, and impact on rehabilitation. The Copenhagen Stroke Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A "pusher syndrome" encompassing postural imbalance and hemineglect is believed to aggravate the prognosis of stroke patients. Our aim was to determine the incidence, associated neuropsychological symptoms, and the consequences for rehabilitation of ipsilateral pushing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive and community-based.
  
  
  METHODS
  A stroke unit receiving all acute stroke patients from a well-defined catchment area. All stages of rehabilitation were complete within the unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  647 acute stroke patients admitted during a 1-year period. Excluded were 320 patients who did not receive physiotherapy because they did not have pareses of the leg, had a fast remission, or died.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gain in activities of daily living (ADL) function (Barthel Index), time course of functional remission, and discharge rate to nursing home. The independent impact of ipsilateral pushing was analyzed with multiple linear and logistic regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ipsilateral pushing was found in 10% of the included patients. No significant differences were found in the incidence of hemineglect and anosognosia between patients with and without ipsilateral pushing. No association with side of stroke lesion was found. Ipsilateral pushing had no independent influence on gain in ADL function or discharge rate to nursing home, but patients with ipsilateral pushing used 3.6 weeks (p < .0001) more to reach the same final outcome level than did patients without ipsilateral pushing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The existence of a "pusher syndrome" was not confirmed. Ipsilateral pushing did not affect functional outcome, but slowed the process of recovery considerably.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wandel
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: H O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Raaschou
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Olsen
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D011379:Prognosis; D011596:Psychomotor Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011859:Radiography; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012678:Sensation Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*