title: Treatment of femur fracture with associated vascular injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine (1) if internal fixation was associated with a high amputation rate in patients with femur fracture and vascular injury; and (2) if patients who underwent internal fixation before vascular repair had a higher amputation rate.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six patients requiring femoral stabilization with injury to the superficial femoral artery, popliteal artery, or common femoral vein were studied. The Injury Severity Score and the Mangled Extremity Severity Score were calculated for each. Nineteen patients underwent internal fixation. Ten patients had internal fixation before vascular repair.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen of 19 patients treated with internal fixation had limb salvage. Nine of 10 patients who had internal fixation before vascular repair had limb salvage. Poor outcomes (gangrene, amputation, or death) were associated with a Mangled Extremity Severity Score > or = 6 (p = 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In these patients, poor outcome is associated with severe leg injury, (with a Mangled Extremity Severity Score of > or = 6). Internal fixation can be safely used, and skeletal stabilization can be safely performed before vascular repair. If ischemic time is prolonged, vascular shunts should be used until skeletal stabilization is completed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas 75235-9031, USA.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Starr
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Reinert
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000293:injuries*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000293:injuries; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005268:Femoral Vein / Q000293:injuries; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011150:Popliteal Artery / Q000293:injuries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome