title: Intraduodenal fat and amino acids activate gallbladder motility in the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
abstract: The effects on gall bladder motility of intraduodenal injections of fat (cod liver oil) and amino acids were investigated in rainbow trout, Onchorhynchus mykiss, in vivo. Fat (1 ml/kg, 15 min) increased basic tonus of the gallbladder by 79% and frequency of contractions by 53%; both effects were antagonized by pretreatment with atropine (1.2 mg/kg). The amino acid mixture similarly increased tonus and frequency of contractions of the gallbladder smooth muscle by 63 and 109%, respectively. The effects were mimicked by intraarterial infusion of cholecystokinin (100 pmol-1 nmol/kg-hr). It is concluded that the presence of oil and amino acids in the duodenum stimulates rainbow trout gallbladder motility and tension, possibly by a release of cholecystokinin, and that the effect of oil, as for cholecystokinin, involves a cholinergic pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoophysiology, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aldman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Holmgren
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003060:Cod Liver Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004386:Duodenum / Q000737:chemistry*; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D010276:Parasympatholytics; D001285:Atropine; D003060:Cod Liver Oil; D002766:Cholecystokinin