title: Handwipe sampling and analysis procedure for the measurement of dermal contact with pesticides.
abstract: A handwipe sampling and analysis procedure was developed for the measurement of dermal contact to pesticides. This procedure utilizes cellulose dressing sponges wetted with 2-propanol. A two-step wiping procedure is described that ensures that the entire hand is sampled. Removal efficiency experiments show that dry residues of the pesticides chlorpyrifos and pyrethrin I are quantitatively removed from hands immediately following contact. Results suggest that the procedure may remove pesticide residues that are deeply embedded in the skin and not removed by soap-and-water washing. Extraction efficiency studies for 29 other pesticides show that the proposed extraction method may be applicable for a wide range of pesticides including phenoxy-acid herbicides. Field testing of the procedure indicates that it is easily implemented by sampling personnel and readily accepted by children.
authors.affiliation: Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 77828-0510, USA.
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Geno
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Camann
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Harding
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Villalobos
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Lewis
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000032:analysis; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005618:Fresh Water; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000032:analysis; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D011722:Pyrethrins; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; C009119:pyrethrin I