title: Growth modulatory effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on human cell lines derived from gynecologic malignancies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In spite of increased expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor surface receptors on solid tumors, the growth modulatory effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor have not been well defined in gynecologic malignancies. We assessed the in vitro growth effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on such cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  By use of a chromium 51 incorporation assay the in vitro growth effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on 12 cell lines derived from human malignancies were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No growth stimulatory or inhibitory effect was mediated by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on six cell lines, whereas three lines showed consistent but not statistically significant dose-dependent growth stimulation. There was, however, a statistically significant increase in growth of short duration in three other cell lines at clinically relevant doses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Fluorometric cell cycle analysis demonstrated no change in cell-cycle distribution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within this in vitro system, stimulation of gynecologic malignancies in patients receiving granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for mitigation of the myelosuppressive effects of cytotoxic chemotherapy does not appear to be widespread nor sustained beyond 48 hours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Herzog
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Horiuchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Camel
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Mutch
mesh_terms: D002453:Cell Cycle; D002455:Cell Division; D002860:Chromium Radioisotopes; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D002860:Chromium Radioisotopes; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor