title: Pro-inflammatory cytokines downregulate platelet derived growth factor-alpha receptor gene expression in human osteoblastic cells.
abstract: Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) is thought to play a significant role in bone repair and regeneration. We previously demonstrated that PDGF-AA binding can be modulated by interleukin-1 (IL-1). We now report that TNF-alpha significantly reduces PDGF-AA binding by decreasing the number of PDGF-alpha receptor subunits on the surface of normal human osteoblastic cells. This inhibition is likely due to a decrease in synthesis of PDGF-alpha receptors since TNF-alpha causes a relatively rapid decrease in PDGF-alpha receptor mRNA levels as determined by Northern blot analysis. The physiologic importance of this inhibition is demonstrated by a TNF-alpha induced decrease in PDGF-AA stimulated tyrosine kinase activity. When saturating concentrations of TNF-alpha were used, the addition of IL-1 further inhibited PDGF-AA binding and further decreased surface expression of PDGF-alpha receptors. In contrast, other mediators such as IL-6, PTH, 1,25(OH)2 vit D3, hydrocortisone, PGE2, bFGF, and IGF-1 had no effect. These results suggest that binding to the PDGF-alpha receptor is decreased by the strong pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha rather than as a general response to mediators important in bone resorption or bone formation. TNF-alpha and IL-1 are often co-expressed during destructive inflammatory processes. Thus, TNF-alpha and IL-1 may work in concert to limit the response of osteoblastic cells to PDGF-AA during periods of osseous inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Biology, Boston University School of Graduate Dentistry, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Kose
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Carnes
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Graves
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010766:Phosphorylation; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha; D017479:Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014443:Tyrosine; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha; D017479:Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor