title: Evaluation of endoscopy in the treatment of rare meningoceles: preliminary results.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endoscopy is used on different occasions-for instance, to open the floor of the third ventricule in triventricular hydrocephalus, to open a cyst into the cerebrospinal fluid circulation, for biopsy or for partial resection of some tumors, or to insert a shunt in hydrocephalus or syringohydromyelia. However, the use of endoscopes for evaluating and treating meningoceles remains to be assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five different kinds of rare meningoceles are presented. In each, neuroendoscopy was used as the main tool for exploration and treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two sacral meningoceles and one oral cephalocele were cured through a keyhole opening under endoscopic control. One posterior sacral meningocele was explored and no communication with normal subarachnoid spaces was observed, allowing a simple suture of the posterior to the anterior walls. And, last, a complex case with three intrasacral meningocles was explored and partially treated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Meningocles with very small communication within the normal subarachnoid spaces appeared the most suitable to be cured by an endoscopic procedure. In case of a larger communication, the meningocele could be treated, or at least the morphology can be better understood, by using a keyhole procedure under endoscopic control. In all cases the surgery was of short duration (less than 1 hour) and very well tolerated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Raftopoulos
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Balériaux
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hancq
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Closset
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brotchi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016080:Arachnoid Cysts / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D004677:Encephalocele / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008588:Meningocele / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D012445:Sacrococcygeal Region