title: Autocrine interferon-beta synthesis for gene therapy of HIV infection: increased resistance to HIV-1 in lymphocytes from healthy and HIV-infected individuals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the possibility of gene therapy of HIV infection based on the multiple antiretroviral activities of interferon (IFN)-beta.
  
  
  METHODS
  We introduced into HIV target cells an IFN-beta gene placed under an expression control ensuring a low and constitutive expression, sufficient to confer a permanent antiviral state without impeding normal cell function.
  
  
  METHODS
  We transformed, with an efficacy ranging from 20-55%, peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) derived from healthy, seronegative donors, and from asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals by the HMB-KbHuIFN beta retroviral vector carrying the human IFN-beta coding sequence driven by a fragment of the murine H-2Kb gene promoter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The replication rate of the IFN-beta-expressing cells was no different from that of untransformed controls during the 21-day period of in vitro observation. When IFN-beta-transformed, purified CD4+ lymphocytes from healthy donors were HIV-1LAI-infected, virus replication was inhibited and most of the cells survived, in contrast to untransformed CD4+ cells which were all destroyed 12 days after infection. Protection of CD4+ cells from the same donors was also observed in suspensions of IFN-beta-transformed total PBL that were infected with HIV-1LAI. In IFN-beta-transformed PBL from four HIV-infected donors, endogenous HIV replication was decreased and 28-69% of the CD4+ cells survived at the end of the 21 days in culture. In the untransformed control PBL suspensions, all CD4+ cells were destroyed. In long-term experiments, HIV-infected, IFN-beta-transformed cell populations of the lymphocytic CEM and the promonocytic U937 line were kept in culture for 60 days, during which time they remained resistant to HIV infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that further exploration of autocrine IFN-beta production for somatic cell gene therapy of HIV infection is warranted.
authors.affiliation: URA 1343 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Curie, University of Paris 11, Orsay, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vieillard
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lauret
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Maguer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jacomet
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rozenbaum
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gazzolo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Maeyer
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016899:Interferon-beta