title: The broad-spectrum activity and efficacy of catheters coated with minocycline and rifampin.
abstract: The in vitro and in vivo activities of catheters coated with minocycline and rifampin and with chlorhexidine gluconate and silver sulfadiazine were evaluated. When incubated in serum at 37 degrees C, the half-life of the inhibitory activity of catheters coated with minocycline and rifampin was 25 days compared with 3 days for catheters coated with chlorhexidine gluconate and silver sulfadiazine. In a rabbit model, catheters coated with minocycline and rifampin were significantly more efficacious than catheters coated with chlorhexidine and silver sulfadiazine in preventing colonization and infection with Staphylococcus aureus (P < .05). Catheters coated with minocycline and rifampin demonstrated broad-spectrum in vitro inhibitory activity against gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, and Candida albicans that was significantly superior to the inhibitory activity of catheters coated with chlorhexidine gluconate and silver sulfadiazine (P < .01). Minocycline and rifampin were also highly efficacious in preventing colonization and infection in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Raad
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Darouiche
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hachem
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mansouri
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Bodey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000517:prevention & control; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000382:microbiology*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006207:Half-Life; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008911:Minocycline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012837:Silver Sulfadiazine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D004338:Drug Combinations; D008911:Minocycline; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002710:Chlorhexidine; D012293:Rifampin; D012837:Silver Sulfadiazine