title: Activation of GTP formation and high-affinity GTP hydrolysis by mastoparan in various cell membranes. G-protein activation via nucleoside diphosphate kinase, a possible general mechanism of mastoparan action.
abstract: The wasp venom, mastoparan (MP), is a direct activator of reconstituted pertussis toxin-sensitive G-proteins and of purified nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) [E.C. 2.6.4.6.]. In HL-60 membranes, MP activates high-affinity GTPase [E.C. 3.6.1.-] and NDPK-catalyzed GTP formation, but not photolabeling of G-protein alpha-subunits with GTP azidoanilide; this suggests that the venom activates G-proteins in this system indirectly via stimulation of NDPK. Moreover, the MP analogue, mastoparan 7 (MP 7), is a much more effective activator of reconstituted G-proteins than MP, whereas with regard to NDPK and GTPase in HL-60 membranes, the two peptides are similarly effective. In our present study, we investigated NDPK- and G-protein activation by MP in membranes of the human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y, the human erythroleukemia cell line, HEL, the rat basophilic leukemia cell line, RBL 2H3, and the hamster ductus deferens smooth muscle cell line, DDT1MF-2. All these membranes exhibited high NDPK activities that were increased by MP. Compared to basal GTP formation rates, basal rates of high-affinity GTP hydrolysis in cell membranes were low. MP activated high-affinity GTP hydrolysis in cell membranes but did not enhance incorporation of GTP azidoanilide into G-protein alpha-subunits. As with HL-60 membranes, MP and MP 7 were similarly effective activators of NDPK and GTPase in SH-SY5Y membranes. Pertussis toxin inhibited MP-stimulated GTP hydrolyses in SH-SY5Y- and HEL membranes, whereas NDPK activations by MP were pertussis toxin-insensitive. Our data suggest that indirect G-protein activation via NDPK is not restricted to HL-60 membranes but is a more general mechanism of MP action in cell membranes. Pertussis toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of alpha-subunits may inhibit the transfer of GTP from NDPK to G-proteins. NDPK may play a much more important role in transmembrane signal transduction than was previously appreciated and, moreover, the GTPase of G-protein alpha-subunits may serve as GDP-synthase for NDPK.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmakologie, Freie Universitat Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Klinker
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Laugwitz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hagelüken
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seifert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006224:Cricetinae; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute; D009447:Neuroblastoma; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D051381:Rats; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology; D014862:Wasp Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; D014862:Wasp Venoms; C037500:mastoparan; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins