title: MR imaging of the anterior cruciate ligament: frequency of discordant findings on sagittal-oblique images and correlation with arthroscopic findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of this study were to determine the frequency of discordant MR findings of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) using sagittal-oblique images and the arthroscopic integrity of the ACL in knees with a discordant MR appearance.
  
  
  METHODS
  The frequency of discordant MR features was determined by independently reviewing the sagittal-oblique images of 53 consecutive patients undergoing subsequent arthroscopic surgery. The first 25 consecutive knees were examined using a conventional, dual-echo, T2-weighted spin-echo (SE) sequence; the subsequent 28 consecutive knees were examined using both a T1-weighted SE(T1) and a fat-suppressed, fast spin-echo (FSE) T2-weighted sequence. Two examiners who were unaware of patient identification and arthroscopic results evaluated only the sagittal images that included the ACL. Each reviewer graded the ACL as torn or intact. The MR appearance was considered discordant when one MR sequence showed disrupted or poorly seen ACL fibers and the other sequence showed intact ACL fibers. The arthroscopic integrity of the ACL was determined for the 20 knees with a discordant MR appearance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A discordant MR appearance of the ACL was seen in 20 of the 53 knees (38%), including 10 knees evaluated using conventional T2-weighted sequences (40%) and 10 knees using T1/FSE T2 (36%) sequences. Arthroscopic examination of these knees showed intact ACL fibers in all 20 knees; the ACL was normal in 18 knees and a partial tear was questioned in two knees.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A discordant appearance of the ACL was frequently encountered (38%) using either conventional T2-weighted sequences or T1 and FSE MR sequences in the sagittal-oblique plane. Intact ACL fibers were found during arthroscopy in all 20 knees with a discordant MR appearance.
authors.affiliation: Mecklenburg Radiology Associates, Presbyterian Hospital, Charlotte, NC, USA.
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Phillips
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000473:pathology*; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D001182:Arthroscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies