title: Cross-linking of Fc gamma receptors activates HIV-1 long terminal repeat-driven transcription in human monocytes.
abstract: Elevation of the levels of circulating immune complexes frequently accompanies HIV-1 infection and is a prognostic indicator of clinical progression from asymptomatic infection to AIDS. Here we report that cross-linking of Fc gamma RI or Fc gamma RII by adherent human IgG or by specific anti-Fc gamma R mAb activates HIV-1 gene expression in the human monocytic cell line BF24 and increased HIV RNA expression in monocytes from HIV infected patients as assayed by reverse transcription-PCR. In THP-1 cells, Fc gamma R cross-linking induced NF-kappa B, which is known to bind to the regulatory region of the long terminal repeat (LTR) of HIV-1 and to activate HIV-1 transcription. Anti-TNF-alpha antibody but not anti-IL-1 beta antibody strongly inhibited both the induction of HIV-1-LTR-driven transcription and the induction of NF-kappa B by Fc gamma R cross-linking. These results indicate that Fc gamma R can mediate a TNF-alpha-dependent induction of HIV-1 gene transcription and suggest that immune complexes may contribute to the pathophysiology of HIV-1 infection by augmenting viral replication in monocytes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Tsitsikov
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fuleihan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McIntosh
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Scholl
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Geha
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex / Q000276:immunology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D016325:HIV Long Terminal Repeat; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology*; D007152:Immunologic Capping; D007948:Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute / Q000473:pathology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000276:immunology*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012367:RNA, Viral; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase