title: Insulin-like growth factor-1 is a potent neuronal rescue agent after hypoxic-ischemic injury in fetal lambs.
abstract: This study was designed to determine the potential of IGF-1 as a neuronal rescue agent after cerebral ischemia. Unanesthetized late gestation fetal sheep were subjected to 30-min cerebral ischemia by inflation of carotid artery occluder cuffs. 2 h later either 0.1 microgram rhIGF-1, 1 microgram rhIGF-1, 10 micrograms rhIGF-1, or vehicle was infused into a lateral cerebral ventricle over 1 h. Histologic outcome was assessed 5 d later. Overall neuronal loss was reduced with 0.1 microgram (P < 0.05) and 1 microgram (P < 0.002) rhIGF-1, but treatment with 10 micrograms was not effective. With 1 microgram rhIGF-1 neuronal loss scores were significantly lower in brain regions examined including cortex, hippocampus, and striatum, whereas with 0.1 microgram rhIGF-1 the parietal cortex and thalamus were not improved and the improvement seen in other regions was less than with 1 microgram rhIGF-1. Treatment with 1 microgram rhIGF-1 also delayed the onset of seizures and reduced their incidence. Moreover, the secondary phase of cytotoxic edema was reduced and delayed in onset. We conclude that low dose rhIGF-1 therapy promotes neuronal rescue after cerebral hypoxic-ischemic injury in utero, but the effect is dose dependent. Importantly, rhIGF-1 is effective and nontoxic when administered 2 h after the hypoxic ischemic insult. This distinguishes IGF-1 from most other neuroprotective therapies and suggests clinical application may be possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Mallard
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Gluckman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005311:Fetal Hypoxia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012640:Seizures / Q000517:prevention & control; D012756:Sheep; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I