title: Failure to produce taste-aversion learning in rats exposed to static electric fields and air ions.
abstract: Taste-aversion (TA) learning was measured to determine whether exposure to high-voltage direct current (HVdc) static electric fields can produce TA learning in male Long Evans rats. Fifty-six rats were randomly distributed into four groups of 14 rats each. All rats were placed on a 20 min/day drinking schedule for 12 consecutive days prior to receiving five conditioning trials. During the conditioning trials, access to 0.1% sodium saccharin-flavored water was given for 20 min, followed 30 min later by one of four treatments. Two groups of 14 rats each were individually exposed to static electric fields and air ions, one group to +75 kV/m (+2 x 10(5) air ions/cm3) and the other group to -75 kV/m (-2 x 10(5) air ions/cm3). Two other groups of 14 rats each served as sham-exposed controls, with the following variation in one of the sham-exposed groups: This group was subdivided into two subsets of seven rats each, so that a positive control group could be included to validate the experimental design. The positive control group (n = 7) was injected with cyclophosphamide 25 mg/kg, i.p., 30 min after access to saccharin-flavored water on conditioning days, whereas the other subset of seven rats was similarly injected with an equivalent volume of saline. Access to saccharin-flavored water on conditioning days was followed by the treatments described above and was alternated daily with water "recovery" sessions in which the rats received access to water for 20 min in the home cage without further treatment. Following the last water-recovery session, a 20 min, two-bottle preference test (between water and saccharin-flavored water) was administered to each group. The positive control group did show TA learning, thus validating the experimental protocol. No saccharin-flavored water was consumed in the two-bottle preference test by the cyclophosphamide-injected, sham-exposed group compared to 74% consumed by the saline-injected sham-exposed controls (P < .0001). Saccharin-preference data for the static field-exposed groups showed no TA learning compared to data for sham-exposed controls. In summary, exposure to intense static electric fields and air ions did not produce TA learning as assessed by this particular design.
authors.affiliation: Biology and Chemistry Department, Life Sciences Center, Battelle, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Creim
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Lovely
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Weigel
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Forsythe
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001245:Association Learning / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003214:Conditioning, Classical; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004326:Drinking / Q000187:drug effects; D004560:Electricity; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007477:Ions; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D051381:Rats; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012439:Saccharin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013649:Taste / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D012439:Saccharin