title: Proinflammatory cytokine levels in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Does lung reperfusion influence the release of cytokines?
abstract: Proinflammatory cytokines have been implicated in mediating tissue injury after cardiopulmonary bypass. Causative factors of inflammatory response after cardiopulmonary bypass include contact of the blood with the extracorporeal circuit and heart-lung reperfusion injury when discontinuing bypass. To evaluate proinflammatory cytokine release during cardiopulmonary bypass, plasma levels of interleukin-6, 8, and monocyte chemoattractant factor were measured in the radial artery (for systemic blood) and left atrium before and after cardiopulmonary bypass. A total of 13 patients were studied, with no deaths or complications. In both radial artery and left atrium, interleukin-6, 8, and monocyte chemoattractant factor rose significantly after cardiopulmonary bypass (p < 0.05 versus before cardiopulmonary bypass). These changes may have been caused by removal of the aortic cross clamp and recommencement of artificial ventilation, which result in reperfusion of the pulmonary capillary beds. There were no differences in cytokine levels after cardiopulmonary bypass in the radial artery and left atrium. This result suggested that lung reperfusion injury after cardiopulmonary bypass may not be the major causative factor of the release of proinflammatory cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawahito
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mizuhara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ino
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D055370:Lung Injury; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018945:Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins / Q000097:blood; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D018945:Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins