title: Characterization of monascidin A from Monascus as citrinin.
abstract: Following our investigations on red pigments and monascidin co-production by Monascus species, the antibiotic called monascidin A was characterized as citrinin. Evidence was given by qualitative methods, mass spectra and NMR. Citrinin, a nephrotoxic agent was produced both by Monascus purpureus and Monascus ruber, either in submerged culture of concentrations of 270 and 340 mg/l, respectively, or in solid state culture of concentration of 100 and 300 mg/kg dried matter, respectively. Since citrinin is a toxic product, it is essential that the production of red pigments as food additives from Monascus spp. avoid the occurrence of citrinin.
authors.affiliation: Département Génie Biochimique et Alimentaire, UA-CNRS N. 544, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, Complexe Scientifique de Rangueil, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Blanc
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Laussac
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Le Bars
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Le Bars
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Loret
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pareilleux
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prome
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Prome
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Santerre
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Goma
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D002953:Citrinin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005658:Fungi / Q000378:metabolism*; D010860:Pigments, Biological
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D002953:Citrinin