title: Antiphospholipid antibodies and beta 2-glycoprotein-I in 500 women with recurrent miscarriage: results of a comprehensive screening approach.
abstract: Five hundred consecutive women (median age 33 years; range 19-45) with a history of recurrent miscarriage (median 4; range 3-16) were screened for the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (APA)-lupus anticoagulant (LA) and/or anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA). The prevalence of persistently positive tests for LA was 9.6% and for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) ACA was 3.3 and 2.2% respectively. Only seven women (1.4%) were LA and ACA positive. Repeat testing, after an interval of at least 8 weeks, demonstrated that only 65.7% of LA positive, 36.6% IgG ACA positive and 36.0% IgM ACA positive women on initial testing had a second positive test result. The dilute Russell's viper venom time detected the LA significantly more often than either the activated partial thromboplastin time or the kaolin clotting time (P < 0.001). There was no difference in the gestation of previous miscarriages between APA positive and APA negative women. There was no difference in the plasma beta 2-glycoprotein-I concentrations between APA positive and APA negative women with miscarriages and normal women. All women with a history of recurrent miscarriage should be tested for the presence of both LA and ACA. A second confirmatory test should be performed in those with an initial positive test result.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Regan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Clifford
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pickering
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dave
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mackie
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McNally
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D000328:Adult; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D016682:Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor / Q000097:blood*; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I
chemical_list: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D006023:Glycoproteins; D016682:Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I