Generalized immune activation in pulmonary tuberculosis: co-activation with HIV infection.
Parameters of immune activation/differentiation were studied in a group of newly diagnosed HIV- and HIV+ pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients. Compared with controls, HLA-DR expression on both CD4 and CD8 T cells from the HIV- TB patients was approximately doubled; HLA-DR on T cells from the HIV+ group was tripled. The monocytes from both groups of patients expressed abnormally high levels of the Fc gamma receptors I and III. Serum levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin were increased in HIV- and even more so in HIV+ TB patients. The expression of HLA-DR on T cell subsets and of Fc gamma R on monocytes correlated with each other, but not with serum activation markers. This pattern of non-specific activation during TB infection may be associated with enhanced susceptibility to HIV infection.
Vanham
G
G
Department of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium.
Edmonds
K
K
Qing
L
L
Hom
D
D
Toossi
Z
Z
Jones
B
B
Daley
C L
CL
Huebner
B
B
Kestens
L
L
Gigase
P
P
Ellner
J J
JJ
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D011961:Receptors, Fc / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*
D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D015415:Biomarkers; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D011961:Receptors, Fc