title: Survival to lipopolysaccharide, cytokine release and phagocyte functions in mice treated with different total parenteral nutrition regimens.
abstract: Effects on host defenses of Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) with long- (LCT) and medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) were studied. Survival to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge, blood clearance of Escherichia coli, in vivo and in vitro production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were investigated. In BALB/c mice, LCTs produced a 25% reduction in mortality, compared with controls. TPN performed with a LCT plus MCT mixture reduced mortality by 50%. Spasms appeared after 18 h and 12 h respectively in mice treated with LCT-MCT mixture or LCTs alone, respect to controls (8 h). The LCT-MCT mixture produced a 67% blood clearance of E. coli after 1 h, while the treatment with LCTs alone had no significant effects compared to controls (about 40%). The LCT-MCT mixture induced a 50% increase in chemiluminescence respect to controls. A 33% increase was observed in rats treated with LCTs alone. TNF-alpha serum levels after challenge with LPS were not modified by any of the triglycerides or their combinations. IL-6 increased by 43% with LCT-MCT mixture and by 39% with LCTs alone versus controls. After a 3 h in vitro treatment with LCTs, human monocytes were stimulated to release TNF-alpha at levels higher than those stimulated with the LCT-MCT mixture, and respect to controls. In contrast after 3 h the stimulation with LCT-MCT mixture induced a higher IL-6 release than controls and cells stimulated with LCTs alone, or with LPS.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Microbiologia, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Seconda Università di Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tufano
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rossano
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Catalanotti
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stella
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Servillo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tufano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001770:Blood Bactericidal Activity; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha