title: Ciprofloxacin vs. cefotaxime regimens for the treatment of intra-abdominal infections.
abstract: The efficacy of ciprofloxacin plus metronidazole was compared with that of cefotaxime plus gentamicin plus metronidazole in 79 patients with proven intra-abdominal infections. Patients were classified with the Peritonitis Index Altona-II (PIA-II) score for severity of disease, underlying conditions, prognosis and type of infection. Local peritonitis was diagnosed in 21 patients, generalized peritonitis in 25, intra-abdominal abscesses in 33; 35 patients had polymicrobial infections. Cure and improvement rates were: ciprofloxacin 77%, cefotaxime combination 56% (p < 0.02). Failures were significantly associated with a low initial PIA-II score, the presence of generalized peritonitis or abscesses, persistence of pathogens and superinfection. Superinfection was observed in 49% of the cases under cefotaxime and in 30% under ciprofloxacin. Concentrations of ciprofloxacin in pus ranged 2.0-5.2 mg/l with simultaneous serum concentrations of 1.2-3.1 mg/l.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Med. Microbiol., St. Radboud Hospital, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hoogkamp-Korstanje
mesh_terms: D018784:Abdominal Abscess / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005839:Gentamicins; D008795:Metronidazole; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D002439:Cefotaxime