title: Transdermal immunization with large proteins by means of ultradeformable drug carriers.
abstract: By means of novel, ultradeformable and self-optimizing agent carriers called transfersomes, large molecules can be brought into the body through intact permeability barriers. This permits non-invasive immunization through normal skin and gives rise to a similar or even slightly higher antibody titer than subcutaneous injections of the same immunogen formulation. The former type of immunization also results in a higher IgA/IgG ratio in the blood than the repeated immunogen injections, as shown here for a soluble protein, human serum albumin, as well as for an integral membrane protein, gap junction protein, in mice.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Biophysik, Technische Universität München, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cevc
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Bachhawat
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005260:Female; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004337:Drug Carriers; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D008081:Liposomes; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles