title: A new apparatus for chronic observation of the microcirculation in situ to evaluate artificial organ performance.
abstract: Chronic study of the peripheral circulation and metabolism is very important in evaluation of artificial organ performance. However, there has been no way to observe the microcirculation in situ, chronically and continuously, without restriction. In this study, the authors developed a new apparatus that could be implanted and connected to an artificial organ that would allow continuous observation of the microcirculation while the subject is awake. The apparatus uses a charge coupled device (CCD) under a new principle: thin living tissue, such as mesentery, is put directly on a highly integrated CCD and transilluminated with a light emitting diode (LED). The vascular nets in the tissue are projected onto the CCD like a contact photograph, which is sent to a television screen and can be analyzed for motion and function. A 0.5 inch CCD with 25K pixels was used in this study. The cover glass of the CCD was removed so the tissue would be able to directly contact the CCD surface. The CCD, as well as LED, were molded with hard polyurethane as electrical insulation. The apparatus is 35 mm in diameter and 10 mm high with a micro stand for lighting with the LED, which is easy to implant in a goat or calf. The resolution of this apparatus was tested by putting a micro scale on the CCD surface. Several tenths of micrometers could be seen. In an animal experiment with a rabbit, configurations of arterioles and venules and their motions could be observed continuously for a night until the electrical insulation was broken. This method might be a strong weapon in artificial organs research.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Electronics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imachi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chinzei
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Isoyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mabuchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imanishi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kouno
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kusakabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001160:Arterioles / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D001187:Artificial Organs; D001698:Biomedical Engineering; D002417:Cattle; D004582:Electronics, Medical / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006041:Goats; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000502:physiology; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011817:Rabbits; D014699:Venules / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology