title: Hysteroscopically detected asymptomatic müllerian anomalies. Prevalence and reproductive implications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence of uterine anomalies and relative reproductive function in 322 women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) evaluated by diagnostic hysteroscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Uterine contours were classified as septate/bicornuate, arcuate or normal on the basis of hysteroscopy. A complete medical history was obtained from all the subjects; it included a questionnaire on menstrual characteristics, reproductive history and pregnancy outcome. Cumulative birth rates, frequency of spontaneous abortion, preterm delivery, malpresentation and mode of delivery in patients with normal and abnormal uteri were compared using life table analysis, the log-rank test and chi 2 analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Arcuate, septate/bicornuate and unicornuate uteri were observed in 6.5%, 3.7% and 0.3% of women, respectively. Although 24-month pregnancy rates and monthly fecundability rates were similar in women with and without müllerian anomalies, the 36-month cumulative live birth rate was significantly lower in women with a septate/bicornuate uterus. Overall, women with uterine malformations showed a significantly higher miscarriage rate (P < .05) and a significantly lower term delivery rate (P < .05) than women with a normal-shaped uterus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diagnostic hysteroscopy in women with AUB detected a 10% prevalence of uterine anomalies, which were associated with a significantly higher incidence of spontaneous abortion and lower cumulative live birth rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maneschi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zupi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marconi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Valli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Romanini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mancuso
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D015994:Incidence; D015993:Life Tables; D009095:Mullerian Ducts / Q000002:abnormalities*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D015995:Prevalence; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D014599:Uterus / Q000002:abnormalities*