title: [Panic disorder and agoraphobia: what is effective?].
abstract: The present survey of controlled studies on the treatment of panic disorder and agoraphobia (PDA) reveals that treatment with tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., imipramine and clomipramine), benzodiazepines (e.g., alprazolam), serotonin reuptake inhibitors (e.g., fluvoxamine) and the monoamine oxidase inhibitor phenelzine has been proven effective. Among psychological therapies, cognitive therapy and exposure therapy in agoraphobia have been shown to be effective. There is an insufficient number of comparisons between pharmacological and psychological treatments. From the existing studies it can be assumed that none of these treatment modalities is superior to the other. The few existing follow-up studies do not suffice to prove a longer lasting effect for the psychological therapies, compared with drug therapies. Because of the low number of investigations, it cannot be clearly stated whether it is useful or harmful do treat patients with psychopharmacological drugs during psychological therapy. It is more likely that this combination is advantageous.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatrische Klinik, Universität Göttingen.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bandelow
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sievert
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Röthemeyer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hajak
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Broocks
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rüther
mesh_terms: D000379:Agoraphobia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000928:Antidepressive Agents
vernacular_title: Panikstörung und Agoraphobie: Was wirkt?