title: Between bacteriology and virology: the development of typhus vaccines between the First and Second World Wars.
abstract: This paper provides an overview of the development of typhus vaccines between the first and second world wars. It is shown that there was a shift in the classification of the causal Rickettsiae from being classed as bacteria to being conceptualised as a type of virus. This 'paradigm switch' stimulated interest in the possibility of producing an effective medicine.
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weindling
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001317:Austria; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004285:Dogs; D005602:France; D005858:Germany; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D051379:Mice; D008003:Phthiraptera / Q000276:immunology; D011044:Poland; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D012281:Rickettsia / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology; D012283:Rickettsia prowazekii / Q000276:immunology*; D012290:Rickettsial Vaccines; D012426:Russia; D014438:Typhus, Epidemic Louse-Borne / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014857:Warfare
chemical_list: D012290:Rickettsial Vaccines