title: Investigation of (Oxodioxolenyl)methyl carbamates as nonchiral bioreversible prodrug moieties for chiral amines.
abstract: The preparation of (oxodioxolenyl)methyl carbamates and their evaluation as novel nonchiral prodrug moieties for chiral primary and secondary amino functional drugs are described. 4-(Carbamoylmethyl)-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolene derivatives of 3,4-dimethoxyphenethylamine with 5-methyl, 5-phenyl, and 5-anisyl substitution (5a, 5b, and 5c) on the dioxolenone ring were prepared as model amine prodrugs by a one step process involving displacement of p-nitrophenol from appropriately substituted ring opening of these carbamates led to a cascade reaction resulting in the rapid and quantitative regeneration of the parent amine drug. Aryl substitution did not significantly alter the hydrolysis rates of these dioxolenone carbamates in buffers at pH 1 and 7.4 or in rat plasma, although the hydrolysis rates of 5-phenyl- (1b) and 5-anisyl- 4-methyl-1,3-dioxol-4-en-2-one (1c) in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer were 2-3 fold faster than that of the 5-methyl-substituted analog (1a). Application of this prodrug strategy to the chiral fibrinogen receptor antagonist L-734,217 resulted in a prodrug that gave quantitative reconversion in rat and dog plasma in vitro and oral bioavailability of 23 +/- 6% in dogs for the parent drug.
authors.affiliation: INTER Research Division, Merck Research Laboratories, Lawrence, Kansas 66049, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Bindra
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Holahan
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Renyer
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Rork
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Sitko
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Stranieri
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Stupienski
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Veerapanane
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Cook
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002219:Carbamates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051381:Rats; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D002219:Carbamates; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D011355:Prodrugs