title: Local concentrations of macrophage colony-stimulating factor mediate osteoclastic differentiation.
abstract: Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) is essential for differentiation of osteoclasts and macrophages from a common bone marrow precursor. Using ST-2 stromal cell/murine bone marrow coculture, we studied the effects of increasing amounts of M-CSF on differentiation of macrophages and osteoclasts. Addition of exogenous M-CSF caused a dose-dependent 98% decrease in tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells, accompanied by a 2.5-fold increase in nonspecific esterase-staining macrophages. Similar decrease in osteoclastic functional activity, including 125I-labeled calcitonin binding and calcitonin-stimulated adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) production, were observed. Addition of exogenous M-CSF beyond 6 days in coculture had a decreasing ability to inhibit osteoclast formation, suggesting that M-CSF exerts its effects early in osteoclast differentiation, during the proposed proliferative phase of osteoclast formation. Similarly, early addition of neutralizing anti-M-CSF inhibited osteoclast formation, with diminishing effects beyond day 9. These results suggest that local high concentrations of M-CSF may influence the early determination of terminal differentiation into either macrophages or osteoclasts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City 84132, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Perkins
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kling
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004950:Esterases / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D004950:Esterases; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; C000605511:Acp5 protein, mouse; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase