Evaluation of the toxicological risk to humans of caulerpenyne using human hematopoietic progenitors, melanocytes, and keratinocytes in culture.
The extensive growth of Caulerpa taxifolia in the Mediterranean sea produces important quantities of bioactive secondary metabolites unable to enter the food chain. The cytotoxic effects of caulerpenyne, the major secondary metabolite from C. taxifolia, was studied in different in vitro models: skin cells, primary cultures of melanocytes and keratinocytes, immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT and HESV), and bone marrow cells (hematopoietic progenitors CFU-GM). Typical dose-response curves from neutral red uptake and MTT assays were recorded in all models with IC50 ranging from 6 to 24 microM. Hematopoietic progenitors were more sensitive to caulerpenyne than melanocyte and keratinocyte cell lines, which could be due to their higher proliferative rate. The distribution of aggregates in colonies, macroclusters, and microclusters of hematopoietic progenitors was also altered in the presence of caulerpenyne. From our evaluation of the caulerpenyne concentrations required to result in cellular toxicity, the risks of cutaneous and/or food intoxication to humans may be considered minimal.
Parent-Massin
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D
Laboratorie de Microbiologie et Biochimie, Ecole Supérieure de Microbiologie et Sécurité Alimentaire, I.S.A.M.O.R. Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Plouzané, France.
Fournier
V
V
Amade
P
P
Lemée
R
R
Durand-Clément
M
M
Delescluse
C
C
Pesando
D
D
D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000460:Chlorophyta; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000378:metabolism; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D009499:Neutral Red / Q000378:metabolism; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000378:metabolism
D004396:Coloring Agents; D008387:Marine Toxins; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D009499:Neutral Red; C097889:caulerpenyne; C022616:thiazolyl blue