title: Prevalence of hypothalamic-pituitary imaging abnormalities in impotent men with secondary hypogonadism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Because prevalence of structural lesions of the pituitary and hypothalamus in impotent men with secondary hypogonadism was undefined, we evaluated 164 men 27 to 79 years old whose chief complaint was erectile dysfunction and who repeatedly had low serum testosterone levels (less than 230 ng./dl.).
  
  
  METHODS
  With computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the sella we detected potentially serious lesions (pituitary lesions greater than 5 mm. or any hypothalamic lesion) in 11 men (6.7%, 95% confidence interval 2.9 to 10.5%), including 5 pituitary microadenomas (5 mm. or larger), 4 pituitary macroadenomas and 2 hypothalamic lesions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean serum testosterone was lower in patients with (121 +/- 66 ng./dl., standard deviation) than without (177 +/- 39 ng./dl.) hypothalamic or pituitary imaging abnormalities (p < 0.001). For every 10 ng./dl. decrease in testosterone the risk of hypothalamic or pituitary imaging abnormalities increased 1.2-fold (p < 0.005). Macroadenomas and hypothalamic lesions were confined to 6 subjects with testosterone levels of 104 ng./dl. or less.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk of hypothalamic or pituitary imaging abnormalities is low among men evaluated for erectile dysfunction and secondary hypogonadism. However, this risk increases markedly when the serum testosterone level is markedly decreased.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Kaiser Permanente Medical Centers, Walnut Creek, California 94596-5300, USA.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Citron
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ettinger
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rubinoff
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Ettinger
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Minkoff
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hom
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alloo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007006:Hypogonadism / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D007027:Hypothalamic Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010900:Pituitary Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone