title: Investigative approach to frog gastrocnemius laboratory: potential impact on animal use in teaching laboratories.
abstract: With growing concern over the use of animal experimentation in the teaching of physiology, many biology departments are reassessing the use of animal experiments in the teaching lab. However, it may be just as important to assess how animal experimentation is used in the undergraduate teaching laboratory rather than simply assessing if animal experimentation should be used at all. In our study, sophomore-level life science students enrolled in a core organismal biology course undertook a laboratory exercise designed to elucidate properties of muscles and neuromuscular communication following two protocols: 1) a standard demonstrational model wherein students were told to undertake the exercise as a means to understand physiological processes that they had been exposed to previously in lecture or 2) an investigative model wherein the use of the gastrocnemius preparation was a logical next step in an ongoing investigation, the content of which was driven by student-generated hypotheses. We have observed a significant decrease in a number of the negative comments concerning the use of animals in experimentation (25.6 vs. 3.6%) since the implementation of the investigative approach to the laboratory, suggesting that curricular approaches to the use of animals in the teaching laboratory may have an impact on student attitudes concerning animal experimentation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Bradley University, Peoria, Illinois 61625, USA.
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Welsford
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Flamm
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barr
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fenton
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Kellerman
mesh_terms: D000827:Animal Welfare; D000818:Animals; D001290:Attitude; D001690:Biological Science Disciplines / Q000193:education; D001695:Biology / Q000193:education; D003479:Curriculum; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006801:Humans; D007753:Laboratories; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D018763:Muscle Fatigue; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000502:physiology; D010827:Physiology / Q000193:education; D011898:Ranidae; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D013334:Students; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*