title: Fish oil ameliorates renal injury and hyperlipidemia in the Milan normotensive rat model of focal glomerulosclerosis.
abstract: Rats of the Milan normotensive rat strain (MNS) spontaneously develop severe proteinuria and excessive glomerular thromboxane (Tx)A2 production at a young age. These abnormalities are accompanied by podocyte alterations, progressive focal glomerulosclerosis (FGS), and interstitial fibrosis, resembling human FGS. Since it has been shown that pharmacologic Tx-synthase inhibition protects MNS rats from these changes, it was hypothesized that a fish oil (FO) enriched diet, by enhancing TxA3 production instead of TxA2, might afford similar protection, compared with diets enriched in safflower oil (SO) or lard (LD). Rats were pair-fed 11% fat diets from age of 1 to 11 months. Glomerular TxA2 at 11 months was significantly lower in PO-fed rats than in SO- and LD-fed rats (11 +/- 3.0, 69 +/- 3.0, 59 +/- 19.0 nanograms per min/mg, respectively; P < 0.001). At 3 months, urinary albumin excretion was similar among the groups. Over the course of the study, rats fed FO developed significantly less albuminuria than the SO and LD groups (P < 0.001 by analysis of variance for repeated measures), such that the values at 11 months were 25 +/- 5.8, 49 +/- 8.7, and 68 +/- 13.0 mg/24h, respectively. Serum cholesterol and triglycerides were also significantly lower in FO-fed rats than in SO- and LD-fed rats. The extent of FGS was similar in the three groups, but FO-fed rats had less interstitial injury than the other groups. It was observed that a fish-oil diet substantially alleviated albuminuria, normalized nephrotic hyperlipidemia, and reduced interstitial injury, but did not prevent the development of FGS in the MNS model.
authors.affiliation: Evans Memorial Department of Clinical Research, Boston University Medical Center, MA 02118, USA.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Wheeler
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sandstrom
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawachi
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Salant
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006400:Hematocrit; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000178:diet therapy*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005395:Fish Oils; D008055:Lipids; D012709:Serum Albumin; D003404:Creatinine