[Phylogeny of myelin and myelin forming cells].
Myelin exists only in vertebrates and is formed by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and by Schwann cell in the peripheral nervous system. In invertebrates, satellite and ensheathing glial cells, which are not myelin-forming cells, appear as the ancestors of vertebrates myelin-forming cells. Here, we review our current knowledge, that could explain the evolutionary events that have lead to the emergence of myelin and myelin forming cells.
Zalc
B
B
Laboratoire de Neurobiologie Cellulaire, Moléculaire et Clinique, INSERM U-134, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris, France.
D000818:Animals; D007448:Invertebrates; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000502:physiology*; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000502:physiology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D014714:Vertebrates