title: Sex differences in patient recovery patterns after coronary artery bypass surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe sex differences in physical, psychologic, and social recovery patterns after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Repeated measures between groups (men versus women) design. Data were collected before discharge from the hospital and at 1, 3, and 6 weeks after discharge.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five teaching hospitals: one urban, three suburban, and one midstate hospital that serves rural and urban clients
  
  
  METHODS
  The initial sample consisted of 187 men and 70 women; 132 men and 47 women completed the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Physical recovery was assessed by three subscales of the Sickness Impact Profile--ambulation, sleep-rest, body care and movement; a Symptom Inventory, and a Cantril Ladder Scale. Psychologic recovery was measured by the Beck Depression Inventory, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and a Cantril Ladder Scale. Social recovery was measured by three subscales of the Sickness Impact Profile--home management, social interaction, and recreation and pastimes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All measures indicated significant improvement over time with the exception of self-esteem and perception of mental health, which remained stable. There were significant differences between men and women on five recovery variables: ambulation dysfunction, physical symptoms, perceptions of physical health, symptoms of depression, and home management dysfunction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Though it is encouraging that both sex groups experienced significant improvement in recovery over time, men and women show some differences in recovery experiences that need to be considered when planning their care.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: N T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Artinian
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Duggan
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012737:Sex Factors; D012917:Social Adjustment; D014481:United States