title: Dog liver microsomal P450 enzyme-mediated toluene biotransformation.
abstract: 1. We studied toluene metabolism in dog liver microsomes and the major metabolite was benzyl alcohol with o- and p-cresol as minor metabolites. 2. The enzyme kinetics of toluene biotransformation were examined by means of Lineweaver-Burk analyses. The Michaelis-Menten values differed among the three pathways, the order being; Km, o-cresol > p-cresol > benzyl alcohol; Vmax, benzyl alcohol > o-cresol > p-cresol; and Cl(int), benzyl alcohol > p-cresol > o-cresol. 3. The formation of benzyl alcohol, o- and p-cresol from toluene was substantially inhibited by the P4502E inhibitors such as DDC (diethyldithiocarbamate) and 4-methylpyrazole in all pathways, with IC50's in the range of 0.02-0.59 mM. The P4502B inhibitors, metyrapone and secobarbital also inhibited benzyl alcohol and p-cresol formation, whereas o-cresol was not inhibited by these latter compounds. 4. Anti-rat P4502E1 antibodies inhibited benzyl alcohol, o- and p-cresol formation from 26 to 30% 0.2 ml serum/mg microsomal protein. Furthermore, anti-rat P4502B1/2 antibody inhibited benzyl alcohol and p-cresol formation (47 and 44% respectively), but not that of o-cresol. Anti-rat P4502C11/6 antibody also inhibited benzyl alcohol and p-cresol formation 31 and 24% respectively in a similar manner to that by the anti-rat P4502B1/2 antibody. 5. These results suggested that the P4502B, 2C and 2E isozymes in dog liver contribute to the formation of benzyl alcohol and p-cresol from toluene, and 2E isozyme preferentially contributes to the formation of o-cresol.
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hanioka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kakino
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jinno
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ando
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D019905:Benzyl Alcohol; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols / Q000378:metabolism; D001711:Biotransformation; D003408:Cresols / Q000378:metabolism; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D014050:Toluene / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols; D003408:Cresols; D007527:Isoenzymes; C032538:4-cresol; D014050:Toluene; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C025619:steroid 16-beta-hydroxylase; D019905:Benzyl Alcohol; C034047:2-cresol