Strategies for intervention with chemopreventive agents.
Different mechanisms of activity have led to the development of a wide variety of intermediate biomarkers to measure the efficacy of chemopreventive agents. Chemopreventive agents are now being used in pre-clinical models that have targeted mutations or normal cells. Based on pre-clinical findings, clinical chemoprevention studies have progressed to measure the possible modulation of dysplastic lesions, including adenomas. Human studies are best carried out where the study design matches the known activity of the agents on cells in early, mid- or late stages of abnormal cellular development, previously determined in pre-clinical studies.
Lipkin
M
M
Irving Weinstein Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Cancer Prevention, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D012377:Rodentia
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor