title: The value of histological analysis of occluded biliary endoprostheses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Histological diagnosis of biliary strictures remains unsatisfactory, despite the availability of various endoscopic sampling procedures. The aim of our study was to assess the potential diagnostic yield of histological processing of occluded biliary endoprostheses inserted for palliation of malignant biliary stenoses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over a period of one year, we prospectively collected biliary endoprostheses at the time of stent removal due to stent obstruction. Thirty-nine stents, inserted a mean of 94 days earlier for presumed malignant biliary strictures, were recovered. Their contents were examined histologically by two independent pathologists.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Malignancy was found in 14 of 36 patients (39%). The sensitivity was highest in gallbladder carcinoma (66%), followed by choledochal and ampullary carcinoma (50%), metastatic carcinoma (33%), and pancreatic carcinoma (25%). The specificity of the method was 100%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We advocate systematic histological or cytological examination, or both, of occluded biliary endoprostheses, since the technique is of low invasiveness, has low costs, and is easy to perform, especially if other methods of tissue diagnosis have failed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Endoscopy, Klinikum Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pescatore
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heubner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heine
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Manegold
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015607:Stents