title: Abnormalities in oxygenation, coagulation, and fibrinolysis in colonic blood of horses with experimentally induced strangulation obstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure arterial and venous blood gas, coagulation, and fibrinolysis variables in blood from isolated segments of control and ischemic large colons for the purpose of identifying variables for rapid, indirect assessment of colonic mucosal injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Variables were determined at specific intervals during the 4-hour study (3 hours of ischemia and 1 hour of reperfusion).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven clinically normal horses between 2 and 15 years old.
  
  
  METHODS
  Horses underwent laparotomy and occlusion of the lumen and vasculature of the mid-portion of the pelvic flexure of the large colon. During ischemia of 1 randomly-chosen colonic segment, variables were measured to determine colonic mucosal damage and were compared with histologic scores of colonic biopsy specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant (P < 0.05) differences from control values were observed over time for venous pH, PCO2, PO2, oxygen saturation, oxygen content, arteriovenous oxygen difference, and lactate and glucose concentrations. Mean histologic scores of biopsy specimens obtained from ischemic colons were significantly (P < 0.05) greater (indicating greater damage) than those from control colons, and increased significantly (P < 0.05) with duration of ischemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Venous lactate, oxygen saturation, and PO2 values were the most significant predictors of the severity of histologic damage within the ischemic colons (R2 = 0.661).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Venous blood gas and lactate values in the large colon are good predictors of the amount of intestinal damage incurred during 3 hours of ischemia, and may be clinically useful for the rapid determination of colonic viability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523, USA.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Kawcak
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Baxter
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Getzy
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Stashak
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Chapman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy / Q000662:veterinary; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000502:physiology*; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D003106:Colon / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000502:physiology*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006736:Horses; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007415:Intestinal Obstruction / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007773:Lactates; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen