title: (Evaluation of neutralizing ability of four commercially available antivenoms against the venom of Bothrops asper from Costa Rica)
abstract: We studied the ability of four commercially available antivenoms to neutralize several toxic and enzymatic activities of Bothrops asper (terciopelo) venom from Costa Rica. Experiments with preincubation of venom and antivenom were carried out to test the neutralization of lethal, hemorrhagic, coagulant and indirect hemolytic activities. In addition, antibody titers against crude venom and myotoxin II purified from this venom were determined by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). Results indicate that polyvalent antivenom from Instituto Clodomiro Picado (Costa Rica) has the highest neutralizing ability against lethal, coagulant and indirect hemolytic activities, whereas MYN polyvalent antivenom (México) has the highest neutralization against hemorrhagic activity. Antivenom from Instituto Clodomiro Picado also has the highest antibody titers against crude B. asper venom and against myotoxin II. Antivenoms from Universidad Central de Venezuela (Venezuela), Vencofarma (Brazil) and MYN (México) failed to neutralize the lethal effect of this venom. These results stress the need for rigorous quality control systems to evaluate the neutralizing ability of antivenoms in Central America.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bogarín
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Segura
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Durán
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lomonte
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000997:Antivenins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017837:Bothrops / Q000378:metabolism; D003364:Costa Rica; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006461:Hemolysis; D006470:Hemorrhage; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011358:Product Surveillance, Postmarketing
chemical_list: D000997:Antivenins; D003435:Crotalid Venoms