title: Gastroesophageal reflux in patients with sleep apnea syndrome.
abstract: Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) may be associated with pulmonary diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of GER in patients with sleep apnea syndrome (SAS). We evaluated, therefore, in patients with SAS the occurrence of GER during simultaneous apnea monitoring, and whether GER is related to the severity of SAS.
  
  
  METHODS
  17 consecutive patients with proven SAS were divided into two groups according to the severity of SAS: (A) apnea index > or = 5 and < 15, n = 8; (B) apnea index > or = 15, n = 9. All patients underwent 24 hours pH-metry in the proximal and distal esophagus and simultaneous apnea monitoring during the night.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a high occurrence of GER in patients with SAS, but no significant difference was found between the two groups with respect to reflux times at the distal or at the proximal esophageal site. Reflux episodes and apnea periods were not timely correlated. Most of the patients of both groups were obese.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with SAS often have GER. However, there is neither a relation of GER with the severity of SAS nor a timely association between GER- and SAS-episodes. Thus, it is unlikely that there is a direct link between GER and SAS. However, there may be factors predisposing for both diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Virchow-Klinikum, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: K I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karaus
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heinemann
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Körber
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dorow
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Hampel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005745:Gastric Acidity Determination; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D017286:Polysomnography; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*