title: A regional intervention to improve the hospital mortality associated with coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The Northern New England Cardiovascular Disease Study Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether an organized intervention including data feedback, training in continuous quality improvement techniques, and site visits to other medical centers could improve the hospital mortality rates associated with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Regional intervention study. Patient demographic and historical data, body surface area, cardiac catheterization results, priority of surgery, comorbidity, and status at hospital discharge were collected on CABG patients in Northern New England between July 1, 1987, and July 31, 1993.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included all 23 cardiothoracic surgeons practicing in Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont during the study period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected on 15,095 consecutive patients undergoing isolated CABG procedures in Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont during the study period.
  
  
  METHODS
  A three-component intervention aimed at reducing CABG mortality was fielded in 1990 and 1991. The interventions included feedback of outcome data, training in continuous quality improvement techniques, and site visits to other medical centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comparison of the observed and expected hospital mortality rates during the postintervention period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the postintervention period, we observed the outcomes for 6488 consecutive cases of CABG surgery. There were 74 fewer deaths than would have been expected. This 24% reduction in the hospital mortality rate was statistically significant (P = .001). This reduction in mortality rate was relatively consistent across patient subgroups and was temporally associated with the interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that a multi-institutional, regional model for the continuous improvement of surgical care is feasible and effective. This model may have applications in other settings.
authors.affiliation: Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, NH, USA.
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Plume
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Olmstead
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Maloney
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Nugent
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Clough
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Leavitt
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Coffin
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Marrin
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wennberg
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Birkmeyer
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Charlesworth
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Malenka
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Quinton
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Kasper
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000401:mortality* / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009511:New England / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012041:Regional Medical Programs / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017749:Total Quality Management