title: Interleukin-1-induced IL-8 and IL-6 gene expression and production in human mesangial cells is differentially regulated by cAMP.
abstract: We have previously proposed that activated mesangial cells (MC) have a direct role in the initiation and propagation of inflammatory events within the glomerulus via the generation of the mesangioproliferative cytokine IL-6 and the chemokines IL-8 and MCP-1. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of cAMP in the regulation of IL-6 and IL-8 gene expression and peptide production in IL-1 stimulated human MC. Agents known to elevate cAMP, including dibutyryl cAMP (db-cAMP), forskolin or isobutyl-methylxanthine (IBMX) were alone unable to induce IL-6 or IL-8 expression or production above media control levels, indicating activation of the cAMP pathway could not mimic IL-1 signaling events. In the presence of IL-1, all three agents produced a marked potentiation of IL-6 mRNA expression and dose-dependent increase in IL-6 peptide production (twofold), but had little or no effect on IL-8 mRNA expression or peptide generation. In marked contrast cholera toxin (CT) caused a dose-dependent potentiation of both IL-1-induced IL-6 (approximately fourfold) and IL-8 peptide (approximately twofold) generation. The control agent, the purified binding subunit of cholera toxin (CT-B) which is devoid of ADP-ribosylating activity also enhanced IL-6 and IL-8 (approximately twofold) peptide generation indicating cAMP-independent mechanisms may be involved in the CT up-regulation of these cytokines. Treatment of MC with the cycloxygenase inhibitor indomethacin resulted in partial inhibition (37%) of IL-6 production but had no effect on IL-8 generation. Thus our data show that cAMP can potentiate IL-1 induced IL-6 production, while having no effect on IL-8 induction, and PGE2 may operate via a positive feedback loop to up-regulate IL-1 induced IL-6. Taken together, our results demonstrate that cAMP differentially regulates IL-6 and IL-8 production in IL-1-stimulated human MC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Bath, Avon, England, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Robson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Westwick
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D002772:Cholera Toxin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D007213:Indomethacin