title: Beauty treatments and risk of parenterally transmitted hepatitis: results from the hepatitis surveillance system in Italy.
abstract: The role of ear-piercing, tattooing, attendance at chiropodist or manicurist and barber shop shaving in transmitting hepatitis B and hepatitis non-A, non-B was evaluated. Data reported here were collected from 1985 to 1993 by the National Viral Hepatitis Surveillance System. The association between parenterally transmitted hepatitis and the considered risk factors was estimated, comparing 6,395 hepatitis B and 2,558 hepatitis non-A, non-B cases with 4,789 hepatitis A cases, using the case-control method. Of the non-A, non-B cases tested from 1991 to 1993, 56.6% were anti-HCV positive. The incidence of parenterally transmitted hepatitis cases reporting specific beauty treatments was also evaluated. Tattooing, ear-piercing and barber shop shaving were associated with both parenterally transmitted hepatitides, while attendance at a chiropodist or manicurist was associated only with hepatitis B. During the study period the incidence of acute hepatitis B and non-A, non-B cases reporting beauty treatments declined by 49%. In spite of this decline, considering that a large part of the general population is exposed to the considered risk factors, the role of beauty treatments in transmitting hepatitis B and hepatitis non-A, non-B should not be underestimated.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Istituto Supriore di Sanità, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mele
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Corona
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Tosti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Palumbo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moiraghi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Novaco
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galanti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bernacchia
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ferraro
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001461:Barbering; D001505:Beauty Culture; D002648:Child; D004572:Electrolysis / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D011032:Podiatry; D012307:Risk Factors; D013653:Tattooing / Q000009:adverse effects