title: Magnetization transfer MR of the normal adult brain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish a normal baseline of the percent magnetization transfer of gray (cortical and deep) and white matter structures in the brain in healthy adults and to determine whether there are adult age-related differences in these measurements.
  
  
  METHODS
  Axial T1-weighted scans (800/20 [repetition time/echo time]) with and without magnetization transfer were prospectively performed on a 1.5-T MR imaging unit on 68 healthy patients (aged 20 to 76 years). Presaturation and postsaturation magnetization transfer images were obtained using an on-resonance binomial pulse. All patients had normal MR scans on all pulse sequences. A calculated "difference" image was used to calculate the percent magnetization transfer in multiple specific regions of the brain. In each hemisphere, 9 discrete areas of cortical and deep gray matter and 29 areas of white matter were measured in 68 patients to generate age-related changes in percent magnetization transfer in these anatomic regions. Ranges of normal percent magnetization transfer in each of the 38 measures were established.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percent magnetization transfer of the gray matter (28% +/- 2%) was lower than that of the white matter (36% +/- 2%). There was no statistically significant difference in the percent magnetization transfer in different areas of gray matter. Deep white matter in the different lobes (percent magnetization transfer, 31% to 38%) also showed no differences by age. Percent magnetization transfer was the highest in the genu of the corpus callosum (42%), and this was statistically significant compared with other white matter measurements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were no statistically significant age-related variations in the percent magnetization transfer in healthy adults in gray or white matter. These percent magnetization transfer measurements provide baseline normative data, which can be used to measure the extent and severity of white matter changes in disease states.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5105, USA.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Pike
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Enzmann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values