title: Value of clinical diagnosis in predicting the quality of cryopreserved sperm from cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cryopreservation of semen from patients with malignant diseases (primarily testicular cancer, Hodgkin's disease and lymphoma) before specific chemotherapy, radiation or surgical therapy has become a realistic option to preserve fertility. Nevertheless, the post-thaw sperm quality in these patients is poor. Whether the clinical diagnosis of malignancy affects the cryopreservation of human sperm is unknown. Such an association could allow post-thaw sperm quality to be predicted.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared the effect of cryopreservation on sperm motility, velocity, linearity, amplitude of lateral head movement, motility index and motile sperm count in specimens from 30 normal men, 34 with testicular cancer, 39 with Hodgkin's disease, and 19 with leukemia and lymphoma who were referred for sperm banking during a 5-year period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pre-freeze and post-thaw motility, motility index and motile sperm count were significantly lower in patients than in normal men (p < 0.01). No significant differences were noted among the patient groups. Similarly, no significant differences were noted after cryopreservation. Our results indicate that the poor pre-freeze sperm quality in some patients with malignancies explains the poor post-thaw results. However, the deterioration in sperm function after cryopreservation of semen among patients with different malignancies and normal donors appears to be similar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical diagnosis of malignancy is not an adequate predictor of the effect of cryopreservation on human semen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shekarriz
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Sidhu
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D015925:Cryopreservation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013076:Sperm Count; D013081:Sperm Motility