title: Human immunodeficiency virus infection and multilocular thymic cysts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pathologic changes of the thymus, often seen in children with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), reflect direct invasion by the virus, followed by involution of the gland. A previously unknown form of thymic response to HIV infection, that of a multilocular thymic cyst, is reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  Findings were examined in three HIV-positive patients, two children and one adult first seen with large thymic masses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All three had large, septate low-attenuation areas at computed tomography consistent with multilocular thymic cysts. The cystic nature of the lesions was confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging in two. Histopathologic examination, performed in two instances, helped establish the diagnosis. All patients remained in clinically stable condition. They all had parotid gland enlargement and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multilocular thymic cysts are probably another manifestation of the diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome, usually associated with a milder course of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Schneider Children's Hospital of Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Leonidas
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Berdon
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Valderrama
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Neveling
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schuval
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hilfer
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Godine
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008476:Mediastinal Cyst / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed