title: Safety and efficacy of azelastine nasal spray (Astelin NS) for seasonal allergic rhinitis: a 4-week comparative multicenter trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Azelastine is a chemically novel investigational antiallergy drug with the ability to antagonize the effects of chemical mediators of the early- phase and late phase allergic responses suggesting its usefulness in the treatment of upper and lower airway diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this 4-week, double- bind, multicenter trial was to evaluate the efficacy of azelastine nasal spray in subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred sixty-four subjects 12 years of age and older were randomized to receive either azelastine, 2 sprays/nostril qd; azelastine, 2 sprays/nostril bid; oral chlorpheniramine maleate, 12 mg bid; or placebo. The primary efficacy parameters were the changes in major and total symptom severity scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, across all 4 weeks of treatment, the mean percent improvements in the total and major symptom complex severity scores in both azelastine treatment groups were greater than those for the placebo group. For the azelastine 2 sprays bid group, the overall results were significant at P = .05 for the major symptom complex score and at .05 < P = .10 for the total symptom complex score versus placebo. For both azelastine treatment groups, improvements in all of the individual rhinitis symptoms were superior to those for the placebo group and, in general were clinically and statistically significant. Azelastine nasal spray was well tolerated; adverse experiences were generally application site reactions, mild to moderate, and not limiting to continued treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Azelastine nasal spray demonstrated broad clinical antirhinitis activity that for the 2 sprays/nostril bid dosage regimen was consistently clinically and statistically significant.
authors.affiliation: Carolina Allergy and Asthma Consultants, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: LaForce
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Dockhorn
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Prenner
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Widlitz
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: D'Eletto
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Freitag
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010793:Phthalazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D010793:Phthalazines; C020976:azelastine