title: Intrauterine repair of cleft lip-like defects in lambs with a novel microclip.
abstract: Potential for scarless wound healing in fetal surgeries has aroused interest in fetal repair of malformations such as cleft lip. However, current protocols for fetal surgery have entailed fetal externalization, imparting significant risks for mother and fetus. We have developed a unique silver microclip that rapidly approximates tissue, is nonpenetrating, and is well suited for endoscopic use. Using standardized intrauterine surgical techniques, we compared suture versus microclip in the repair of surgically created cleft-like defects in fetal lambs at 124 days' gestation (term, 145 days). Nine fetal lambs were analyzed with bilateral cleft lips; the right cleft was repaired by microclip, seven of the left clefts were repaired by suture, and the remaining two left clefts were not approximated (controls). Results demonstrated excellent wound healing and smooth lip continuity with minimal scar formation after repair by either microclip or suture. The most striking result, however, was in the comparison on intraoperative repair time; the total time for cleft lip repair by microclip averaged 2.5 minutes in contrast to 9.8 minutes for suture. These data suggest a distinct advantage of the microclip in reduction of operative time. Furthermore, its endoscopic application has the potential for making endoscopic fetal surgery a more viable option.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University and Medical Center, California 92350, USA.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Oberg
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kirsch
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hardesty
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000517:prevention & control; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000196:embryology / Q000601:surgery*; D019723:Endoscopes; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000601:surgery*; D020702:Hysteroscopes; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000295:instrumentation; D012756:Sheep; D013537:Sutures; D013997:Time Factors; D014945:Wound Healing