title: Retroviral transduction of transforming growth factor-beta1 induces pleiotropic benign prostatic growth abnormalities in mouse prostate reconstitutions.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) plays an important role in the normal growth and differentiation of the mouse prostate with accumulations of extracellular TGF-beta1 in fetal and neonatal prostate tissues particularly at epithelial-mesenchymal interfaces. We have demonstrated increased accumulation of TGF-beta1 in areas of human prostates with benign prostatic hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry. To study the role of TGF-beta1 in pathologic processes, we constructed retroviruses that express the cDNA for murine TGF-beta1 along with either a dominant selectable geneticin (G418) resistance (Neo) gene, BabeTGF-beta1Neo, or a histochemically detectable beta-galactosidase gene, BabeTGF-beta1Gal. The biologic activity of these retroviruses was evaluated in vitro in NIH3T3 fibroblasts and in vivo using the mouse prostate reconstitution (MPR) model. Expression of the retrovirus in MPR was confirmed by beta-galactosidase staining and by reverse transcription followed by PCR for the virus-encoded RNA. Pathologic evaluation of hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections was complemented by immunohistochemical analysis of cytokeratin and neuronal markers. TGF-beta1 transducing retrovirus infection did not have an effect on total growth of the MPR; however, changes in the growth and distribution of specific cell types were observed. A phenotype of benign hyperplasia that involved increased numbers of cytokeratin 14-positive cells characteristic of basal epithelial cells was observed. Immunohistochemical studies colocalized an increased accumulation of extracellular TGF-beta1 with these cytokeratin 14 expressing hyperplastic lesions, An increase in stromal abnormalities was also observed and included a significant increase in the density of neuronal cells. The TGF-beta1-induced hyperplastic response involving basal epithelial cells may be the result of paracrine stimulation of growth of specific cell types in the prostate and may represent a divergence of normal growth processes. Benign growth abnormalities of basal epithelial cells in the human prostate have also been reported. An increased density of neuronal cells and other stromal abnormalities in response to TGF-beta1 retroviral transduction is also consistent with benign growth abnormalities in the human prostate.
authors.affiliation: Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Timme
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kadmon
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Morganstern
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000209:etiology; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D014162:Transfection; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta