title: An association between lung lymph endothelin concentration and survival during endotoxemia in awake sheep.
abstract: Endotoxin stimulates synthesis of endothelin which can cause pulmonary and systemic vasoconstriction and bronchoconstriction. Prolonged endotoxemia in sheep results in dramatic increases in pulmonary and systemic vascular resistances in nonsurvivors compared with survivors. Experiments were conducted in 12 conscious sheep (seven survivors, five nonsurvivors) to determine if synthesis of endothelin might contribute to the pathophysiology in nonsurvivors. Endotoxin was infused at 10 ng/min/kg for 12 h followed by a 4 h recovery in survivors. Lung lymph endothelin concentration peaked at 38.7 +/- 5.8 pg/mL during the endotoxin infusion in survivors compared with a peak of 128.7 +/- 33.0 pg/mL (p < .05) in nonsurvivors. Cardiac output was lower, and systemic and pulmonary vascular resistances and the Aa gradient in PO2 were significantly greater in nonsurvivors compared with survivors. These variables are those likely to be affected by increased circulating endothelin concentrations which suggests that endothelin contributes to early mortality during prolonged endotoxemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
authors.forename: V E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Armstead
authors.forename: S Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Perkowski
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Woolkalis
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Spath
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Gee
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D016232:Endothelins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008196:Lymph / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D012756:Sheep; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides