title: The Philippine cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fasicularis) provides a new nonhuman primate model of tuberculosis that resembles human disease.
abstract: A nonhuman primate model of tuberculosis that closely resembles human disease is urgently needed. We have evaluated the Philippine cynomolgus monkey, Macaca fasicularis, as a model of TB. Cynomolgus monkeys challenged intratracheally with extremely high doses of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (10(5) or 10(4) CFU) developed an acute, rapidly progressive, highly fatal multilobar pneumonia. However, monkeys challenged with moderate or low doses of M. tuberculosis (</=10(3) CFU) developed a chronic, slowly progressive, localized form of pulmonary TB, akin to the disease in humans, that was frequently accompanied by such clinical syndromes as ocular tuberculosis, meningitis and tuberculous spondylitis. A significant proportion of monkeys challenged with 10(2) or 10(1) CFU contained the infection in a subclinical state. The Philippine cynomolgus monkey model is an excellent model of chronic TB and provides an opportunity to study subclinical and potentially latent disease in an animal model.
authors.affiliation: Leonard Wood Memorial Research Center, Cebu, The Philippines.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: dela Cruz
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Abalos
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Villahermosa
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Cellona
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Nazareno
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Horwitz
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008251:Macaca; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000662:veterinary*