title: Growth inhibition in clonal subpopulations of a human epithelioid sarcoma cell line by retinoic acid and tumour necrosis factor alpha.
abstract: Epithelioid sarcoma is a highly malignant soft tissue tumour that is refractory to conventional chemotherapy and irradiation. Since permanent cell lines of this tumour are extremely rare, in vitro data on compounds with significant antiproliferative effects are still lacking. Therefore, we investigated the effects of retinoic acid (RA) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on tumour cell proliferation of three different clonal subpopulations (GRU-1A, GRU-1B, GRU-1C) derived from the same human epithelioid sarcoma cell line, GRU-1. In GRU-1A both RA (P=0.01) and TNF-alpha (P=0.002) exhibited highly significant and dose-dependent growth inhibitory effects, which could further be increased by a combined application of both compounds (P<0.006). GRU-1B proved to be sensitive to RA (P=0.006), whereas no response to TNF-alpha was observed. GRU-1C was resistant to both RA and TNF-alpha. The antiproliferative effect of TNF-alpha was mediated by TNF receptor 1(TNF-R1) and correlated positively with both the number of TNF-R1 per cell and receptor affinity. No correlation was detected between RA-induced growth inhibition and the expression pattern of the RA receptors (RARs) RAR-alpha, RAR-beta, and RAR-gamma. Plating efficiency, however, could exclusively be reduced by RA in GRU-1B, the only cell line expressing RAR-alpha. Taken together, these data are the first showing significant antiproliferative effects in human epithelioid sarcoma by RA and TNF-alpha. Whereas the TNF-alpha response seems to depend on the expression of TNF-R1, no simple correlation could be found between RA sensitivity and the expression pattern of RARs.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Heinrich-Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Engers
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: van Roy
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heymer
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ramp
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moll
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dienst
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Friebe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pohl
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Gabbert
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Gerharz
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002999:Clone Cells; D017931:DNA Primers; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012509:Sarcoma; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D017931:DNA Primers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014212:Tretinoin