title: Safety evaluation of a lipase expressed in Aspergillus oryzae.
abstract: A programme of studies was conducted to establish the safety of a lipase artificially expressed in Aspergillus oryzae to be used in the detergent industry and as a processing aid in the baking industry. Laboratory animal studies were used to assess general and inhalation toxicity, skin sensitization, and skin and eye irritation. Its potential to cause mutagenicity and chromosomal aberrations was assessed in microbial and tissue culture in vitro studies. The pathogenicity of A. oryzae, the organism used to produce the lipase, was also assessed in laboratory animals. Basic ecotoxicity in a variety of test species was studied. General and inhalation toxicity was low. There was evidence of mild skin irritation. There was no evidence of eye irritation, skin sensitization, mutagenic potential, chromosomal aberrations, exotoxicity or notable pathogenicity. Comparison of these results with human exposure levels and previously published data indicates that the lipase appears safe for consumers in the given applications, requires no special occupational health precautions in manufacture and is of low environmental impact. Furthermore, the organism used in production of the lipase hs no notable pathogenicity.
authors.affiliation: Inveresk Research International Ltd, Tranent, UK.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Greenough
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stavnsbjerg
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001236:Aspergillus oryzae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002347:Carps; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D003621:Daphnia; D003902:Detergents; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D005123:Eye / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005525:Food-Processing Industry; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008049:Lipase / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D008049:Lipase