title: Very late antigen-4/vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VLA-4/VCAM-1) pathway is involved in the transendothelial migration of lymphocytes in bancroftian filariasis.
abstract: The role of endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in the trafficking of lymphocytes from the vascular circulation through endothelium and into sites of filarial inflammation was investigated in asymptomatic microfilaremic (MF; n = 16) and in patients with filaria-associated lymphatic pathology (LP; n = 23). When compared, by human umbilical vein endothelial cell ELISA, with PBMC supernatants generated from MF patients, filarial Ag (Brugia malayi adult Ag (BmA))-stimulated supernatants from LP patients stimulated over 50% more VCAM-1 (lymphatic pathology (LP) = 0.377 relative ELISA units vs MF = 0.246; p = 0.02). No difference was seen between patient groups with nonfilarial Ag (streptolysin O)-stimulated supernatant (LP = 0.160 relative ELISA units vs MF = 0.166). BmA-stimulated supernatants from LP patients stimulated significantly more T cell migration (percentage of relative migration LP = 79.9% vs MF = 25.8%; p = 0.01) through tightly confluent human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayers cultured on collagen gels. Anti-VCAM-1 inhibited the increased T cell migration induced by BmA-stimulated supernatants by 97.7%, anti-VLA-4 by 74.7%, and blockade of NF-kappa B-dependent VCAM-1 transcription with 50 microM pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate resulted in 87.7% inhibition. Biopsies from 87.5% of the LP patients, but only 38.5% of the MF patients, demonstrated VCAM-1 on vascular endothelium. BmA-stimulated supernatants pretreated with anti-IL-1 alone resulted in VCAM-1 expression that was 23.7% of that with untreated supernatants while anti-IL-4, anti-IFN-gamma, or anti-TNF alone had essentially no effect on VCAM-1 expression.
authors.affiliation: Division of Geographic Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294, USA.
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Freedman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parker-Cook
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Maia e Silva
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Braga
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maciel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004605:Elephantiasis, Filarial / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D039041:Integrin alpha4beta1; D016023:Integrins / Q000502:physiology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016201:Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing / Q000502:physiology*; D014471:Umbilical Veins; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D039041:Integrin alpha4beta1; D016023:Integrins; D016201:Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1