title: Diagnostic significance of urinary enzymes for diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
abstract: In order to evaluate tubular damage in diabetic patients, the activity of renal proximal tubule derived enzymes excreted in 24-hour urine were recorded in 5 groups as follows: (i) 48 noninsulin-independent diabetic patients with normal renal function and a urinary albumin excretion rate within the normal range; (ii) 45 noninsulin-dependent diabetic patients with normal renal function and a high urinary albumin level; (iii) 26 noninsulin-dependent diabetic patients with renal failure; (iv) 40 patients with essential hypertension and normal renal function, and (v) 48 normal control subjects. Regardless of whether cases were noninsulin-dependent diabetics with normal or high urinary albumin excretion rate or cases with renal dysfunction, urinary dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase excretions were significantly higher than in healthy subjects, and urinary gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase excretion was significantly lower than in healthy subjects. No significant changes in urinary enzyme excretions showed specific variations in the essential hypertensive patients. These results suggest that there is tubular damage in the early stages of noninsulin-dependent diabetic patients with normal renal function and normal urinary albumin excretion rate. Detection of urinary excretion of dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase may be especially useful for the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikenaga
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saruta
mesh_terms: D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase / Q000652:urine*; D000419:Albuminuria; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000652:urine; D018826:CD13 Antigens / Q000652:urine; D004796:Clinical Enzyme Tests; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000201:enzymology; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000201:enzymology*; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000201:enzymology; D007931:Leucyl Aminopeptidase / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000652:urine; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; D003404:Creatinine; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase; D007931:Leucyl Aminopeptidase; D018826:CD13 Antigens; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; D005947:Glucose