title: Buffy coat platelets stored in apyrase, aprotinin, and ascorbic acid in a suspended bag: combined strategies for reducing platelet activation during storage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Platelet activation is an important factor impeding the clinical effectiveness of platelet transfusions. In this study, platelet concentrates (PCs) were prepared by a novel suspended-bag buffy coat technique that was followed by the addition of a mixture of platelet activation inhibitors to the storage bag.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vitro platelet function was evaluated in PCs prepared by the suspended-bag buffy coat technique and stored at 22 degrees C for 5 days in the presence of (n = 12) or absence (n = 12) of apyrase, ascorbic acid, and aprotinin (AAA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Platelets from AAA-incubated PCs demonstrated mean ATP levels 17 percent (p < 0.004), 13 percent (p < 0.02), and 22 percent (p < 0.003) higher than those measured in parallel control PCs on Days 1, 3, and 5, respectively. Similarly, on Days 3 and 5 of storage, respectively, 45-percent (p < 0.001) and 50-percent (p < 0.001) greater ADP-induced maximum aggregation was observed in AAA-incubated PCs than was seen in control preparations. AAA-incubated PCs demonstrated alpha-granule membrane protein-140 expression 92 percent (p < 0.01), 133 percent (p < 0.003), and 104 percent (p < 0.001) below that in control PCs on Days 1, 3, and 5, respectively. At similar intervals, a significant increase in recovery from hypotonic shock also was observed in AAA-incubated PCs. Further, Day 5 AAA-PCs demonstrated significantly higher morphology scores and O2 consumption than did control preparations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Buffy coat platelets prepared in suspended bags and stored in the presence of AAA demonstrate significantly reduced activation and enhanced functional and metabolic activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Z R
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Mrowiec
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Oleksowicz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zuckerman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Leon-Fernandez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khorshidi
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dutcher
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Puszkin
mesh_terms: D007611:Aprotinin; D001081:Apyrase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D001793:Blood Preservation / Q000379:methods; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D003470:Culture Media; D006801:Humans; D010974:Platelet Aggregation; D017713:Platelet Transfusion / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D007611:Aprotinin; D001081:Apyrase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid