title: Duration of action of intranasal atropine on methacholine-induced nasal secretions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the duration of the inhibitory action of intranasal atropine on the secretory response to nasal challenge with methacholine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-way crossover trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve volunteers with perennial allergic rhinitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were treated intranasally with placebo or 100, 200, and 400 micrograms of atropine in each nostril. They were then challenged 30 minutes after administration of the nasal spray and hourly for 6 hours with 0.19 mg of methacholine. The weight of nasal secretions generated by methacholine challenge served as an indicator of the secretory response. The nasal challenges and the collection of nasal secretions were performed using filter paper disks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After placebo treatment, the response to methacholine was similar at each time point. In contrast, all doses of atropine significantly reduced the response to methacholine stimulation at the 30-minute, 1-hour, and 2-hour time points.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data show that the anticholinergic activity of intranasal atropine lasts at least 2 hours with no significant difference in the duration of inhibitory action between the doses used. The results suggest that intranasal atropine could become a therapeutic modality for patients in whom glandular hypersecretion is a major symptom.
authors.affiliation: Section of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Baroody
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Driscoll
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moylan
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shilstone
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Naclerio
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001285:Atropine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D008875:Middle Aged; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009299:Nasal Provocation Tests; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D001285:Atropine