title: Enhancement of activity of 1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 for growth inhibition and differentiation induction of human myelomonocytic leukemia cells by tretinoin tocoferil, an alpha-tocopherol ester of all-trans retinoic acid.
abstract: Tretinoin tocoferil is an alpha-tocopherol ester of all-trans retinoic acid (RA) and safely used in the treatment of skin ulcer. Tretinoin tocoferil inhibited proliferation of human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells and induced granulocytic differentiation of the cells, but less than RA. alpha-Tocopherol did not affect differentiation of HL-60 cells, but at high concentrations enhanced its nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)-reducing activity and expression of surface antigen CD11b, which are markers of myelomonocytic differentiation induced by RA. Tretinoin tocoferil increased NBT reduction in HL-60 cells treated with RA. It also enhanced the differentiation of HL-60 cells induced by dimethyl sulfoxide, phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate or 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3). In combination with a low concentration of VD3, it induced the NBT-reducing activity of human monoblastic U937 cells very effectively. Moreover, it enhanced the differentiation of human myelomonocytic ML-1, THP-1, P39/TSU, and P31/FUJ cells induced by VD3. In combination with VD3, it synergistically inhibited the proliferation of HL-60, U937, ML-1, THP-1, P39/TSU, and P31/FUJ cells and decreased the effective concentration of VD3 to a 10(-10) mol/L level. Because tretinoin tocoferil was reported to induce neither retinoid-related toxicity nor teratogenicity, the therapeutic advantage of the use of it in treatment of myelomonocytic leukemia is suggested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemotherapy, Saitoma Cancer Center Research Institute, Ina-machi, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makishima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanatani
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto-Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Honma
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018922:HL-60 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007948:Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute / Q000473:pathology; D015479:Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute / Q000473:pathology*; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000473:pathology; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D014810:Vitamin E; D014212:Tretinoin; C089853:tocoretinate; D002117:Calcitriol; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide