title: Current state of metabolic control achieved in a New Zealand diabetes clinic.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report on current degree of metabolic control achieved in diabetic patients in a New Zealand diabetes clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  All metabolic data were reviewed for patients attending the Waikato diabetes clinic from 1 January 1992 to 1 January 1995. Values were obtained from 409 insulin treated patients (IDDM), with a mean age of 39 (SD 15 yr); 200 patients who transferred from diet or pills to insulin (NIDDM-I) with a mean age of 59 (SD 12 yr); and 290 noninsulin dependent patients (NIDDM), mean age 54 (SD 13 yr). Results. Percentage of fructosamine values in the normal range: IDDM 10%, NIDDM-I 12.5% and NIDDM 37.9%. Mean values (SD). IDDM group: fructosamine 376 (78) mmol/L, cholesterol 5.24 (1.1) mmol/L, HDL cholesterol 1.47 (0.45) mmol/L, triglycerides 1.71 (1.35) mmol/L. NIDDM-I group: fructosamine 359 (67) mmol/L, cholesterol 5.82 (1.1) mmol/L, HDL cholesterol 1.21 (0.45) mmol/L, triglycerides 2.92 (3.8) mmol/L. NIDDM group: fructosamine, 312 (73) mmol/L, cholesterol 5.83 (1.24) mmol/L, HDL cholesterol 1.1 (0.33) mmol/L, triglycerides 3.11 (3.59) mmol/L. Percentage of smokers in each group: IDDM 24%, NIDDM-I 8.5%, NIDDM 17.2%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the majority of patients fail to achieve normal fructosamine values. Lipid control is poor, other than in the IDDM group. A significant number of patients continue to smoke. Considerable scope for improvement is noted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Dunn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D019270:Fructosamine; D006595:Hexosamines / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D006595:Hexosamines; D008055:Lipids; D019270:Fructosamine