title: Orchidectomy prior to definitive radiotherapy for localized prostatic cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify potential survival benefits of cytoreductive orchidectomy performed prior to definitive radiation for localized prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1977-1988, all patients with localized prostatic cancer from the Wellington Region received definitive radiotherapy (n = 200). One referring urologist Peter M. Meffen (P.M.M.) had commenced a program of prior orchidectomy followed by definitive radiation treatment (median time to radiation therapy was 5 months, n = 30).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five-year overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) for each stage were Stage A 82%, and 82%; Stage B 75%, and 61%; Stage C 57%, and 38%, respectively. Ten-year OS and RFS for each stage were Stage A 78%, and 72%; Stage B 51%, and 18%; Stage C 32% and 0%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified prior orchidectomy treatment and histological grade as independently significant prognostic factors for OS and RFS. Factors influencing RFS were clinical stage, prior orchidectomy, and histological grade. Prior orchidectomy was associated with an increase in OS at 5 years when compared to those patients receiving radiotherapy alone, 86% vs. 69%, and maintained at 10 years, 82% vs. 46% (p < 0.05). The two groups were comparable by stage, histological grade, and age. There were no changes in the referral pattern during the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that prior cytoreduction by orchidectomy has a beneficial effect on OS and RFS for patients with localized prostate cancer. It is unclear whether survival benefits are due to the cytoreductive therapy, the adjuvant therapy, or a combination of both. Further study in this area is warranted, ideally in the form of randomized prospective clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: The Andrew Love Centre, The Geelong Hospital, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Spry
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Meffan
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Christie
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Morum
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009919:Orchiectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D016019:Survival Analysis