title: The structure of Pyrococcus furiosus glutamate dehydrogenase reveals a key role for ion-pair networks in maintaining enzyme stability at extreme temperatures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The hyperthermophile Pyrococcus furiosus is one of the most thermostable organisms known, with an optimum growth temperature of 100 degrees C. The proteins from this organism display extreme thermostability. We have undertaken the structure determination of glutamate dehydrogenase from P. furiosus in order to gain further insights into the relationship between molecular structure and thermal stability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The structure of P. furiosus glutamate dehydrogenase, a homohexameric enzyme, has been determined at 2.2 A resolution and compared with the structure of glutamate dehydrogenase from the mesophile Clostridium symbiosum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Comparison of the structures of these two enzymes has revealed one major difference: the structure of the hyperthermophilic enzyme contains a striking series of ion-pair networks on the surface of the protein subunits and buried at both interdomain and intersubunit interfaces. We propose that the formation of such extended networks may represent a major stabilizing feature associated with the adaptation of enzymes to extreme temperatures.
authors.affiliation: The Krebs Institute for Biomolecular Research, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, PO Box 594, Sheffield S10 2UH, UK.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Stillman
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Britton
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Artymiuk
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Sedelnikova
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Engel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pasquo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chiaraluce
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Consalvi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001105:Archaea / Q000201:enzymology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase / Q000737:chemistry*; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D007477:Ions; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011489:Protein Denaturation; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D007477:Ions; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase