title: Urinary albumin excretion rate and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in NIDDM with microalbuminuria: effects of a monounsaturated-enriched diet.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that unsaturated fat-enriched diets may have a beneficial effect on blood pressure in non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients, whereas little is known about the effects on albuminuria. In a 3-week cross-over design we compared the effects of a currently recommended high-carbohydrate diet (50% carbohydrate, 30% fat [10% monounsaturated fat]) vs a diet rich in monounsaturated fat (30% carbohydrate, 50% fat [30% monounsaturated fat]) on urinary albumin excretion rate, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure and metabolic control in ten NIDDM patients with persistent microalbuminuria. The 24-h ambulatory blood pressure was similar before and after both the high-carbohydrate diet (mean +/- SD: 145/78 +/- 25/10 vs 143/79 +/- 19/10 mmHg (NS) and the monounsaturated fat diet: 140/78 +/- 16/8 vs 143/79 +/- 15/8 mmHg (NS). No changes were observed in day or night-time blood pressures. Urinary albumin excretion rate was unaffected after 3 weeks' treatment by the diets: from (geometric mean x/divided by tolerance factor) 32.4 x/divided by 2.1 to 36.0 x/divided by 1.9 micrograms/min (NS) vs from 34.2 x/divided by 1.9 to 32.1 x/divided by 2.1 micrograms/min (NS). Fasting plasma glucose, serum fructosamine and HbA1c as well as lipid and lipoprotein concentrations were stable during both diets. Compared to the high-carbohydrate diet a reduction in the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio was observed during the monounsaturated fat diet (p < 0.03). In conclusion, compared to a high-carbohydrate diet, 3 weeks' treatment with a monounsaturated fat diet did not affect the levels of 24-h ambulatory blood pressure or albuminuria in microalbuminuric NIDDM patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Medical Department M (Endocrinology and Diabetes), Aarhus Kommunehospital, Denmark.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hermansen
authors.forename: O W
authors.initials: OW
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Mogensen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000652:urine; D003971:Diastole; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine; D013599:Systole
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D012964:Sodium; D003404:Creatinine; D011188:Potassium