title: Dominant-negative inhibition of Flk-1 suppresses the growth of many tumor types in vivo.
abstract: Angiogenesis, the sprouting of new blood vessels from existing vessels, occurs in many physiological and pathological processes, including embryonic development, wound healing, and tumor growth. It is required for tumor growth because new blood vessel formation is necessary for tumors to expand beyond a minimum volume. Several growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases have been implicated in angiogenesis, including receptors for epidermal, fibroblast, and platelet-derived growth factors, as well as the receptors Flk-1/KDR, Flt-1 Tek/Tie-2, and Tie-1. Endothelial cells in the vessels of tumors express Flk-1/KDR, a receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor. Flk-1 was previously shown to play a role in angiogenesis and tumor formation of s.c. xenografts of C6 glioma cells using dominant-negative methodology. We now demonstrate that Flk-1 seems to be generally involved in the growth of a wide range of solid tumors, including mammary, ovarian, and lung carcinoma, as well as glioblastoma. Furthermore, survival times in rats bearing intracerebral tumors were prolonged using the same dominant-negative methodology. The involvement of Flk-1 in a variety of tumor types suggests an important role for Flk-1 in tumor angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Martinsried, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Millauer
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Longhi
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Plate
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Shawver
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Risau
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ullrich
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Strawn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor