title: Assessment of coronary arterial flow and flow reserve in humans with magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The noninvasive measurement of absolute epicardial coronary arterial flow and flow reserve would be useful in the evaluation of patients with coronary circulatory disorders. Phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) has been used to measure coronary arterial flow in animals, but its accuracy in humans is unknown.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve subjects (7 men, 5 women: age 44 to 67 years) underwent PC-MRI measurements of flow in the left anterior descending coronary artery or one of its diagonal branches at rest and after administration of adenosine (140 microgram . kg(-1) . min (-1) IV). Immediately thereafter, intracoronary Doppler velocity (IDV) and flow measurements were made during cardiac catheterization at rest and after intravenous administration of adenosine. For the 12 patients, the correlation between MRI and invasive measurements of coronary arterial flow and coronary arterial flow reserve was excellent: coronary flow (MRI) (mL/min)= 0.85 x coronary flow (IDV) (mL/min)+17 (mL/min), r=.89, and coronary flow reserve (MRI) =0.79 x coronary velocity reserve (IDV) + 0.34, r=.89. For the range of coronary arterial flows (18 to 161 mL/min) measured by MRI, the limit of agreement between MRI and catheterization measurements of flow was -13+/-30 mL/min; for the range of coronary reserves (0.7 to 3.7) measured by MRI, the limit of agreement between the two techniques was 0.1+/-0.4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cine velocity-encoded PC-MRI can noninvasively measure absolute coronary arterial flow in the left anterior descending artery in humans. PC-MRI can detect pharmacologically induced changes in coronary arterial flow and can reliably distinguish between those subjects with normal and abnormal coronary artery flow reserve.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiovascular Division) The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235-9085, USA.
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Hundley
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Meshack
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Landau
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McColl
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Sayad
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Willett
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Willard
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Hillis
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Peshock
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012119:Respiration
chemical_list: D000241:Adenosine