title: Hospital-acquired acute renal failure in dogs: 29 cases (1983-1992).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess factors associated with development of hospital-acquired acute renal failure (HARF) and to determine outcome of and prognostic indicators for dogs with HARF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  29 dogs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common inciting causes for developments of HARF were exposure to a nephrotoxicant and advanced age. Mortality was 62%, and factors that contributed to mortality were age and initial urine output. Dogs > or = 7 years old and dogs that were initially oliguric had an odds ratio of mortality of 8.8 and 20, respectively. The effect of preexisting heart disease on mortality approached significance (P = 0.053). The magnitude of azotemia at the time of diagnosis was not related to the chance for survival. Dogs that died had a significantly higher initial anion gap and serum phosphorus concentration than did dogs that survived. We did not detect a relationship between cause of HARF and outcome (survived vs died or euthanatized).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In most cases, HARF is associated with a poor outcome. Older dogs may be at increased risk for development of HARF, and once HARF has developed, have a greater chance of dying. Prognosis can not be determined on the magnitude of azotemia at the time of diagnosis or on the inciting cause of HARF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523, USA.
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Behrend
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Grauer
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mani
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Groman
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Salman
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Greco
mesh_terms: D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium; D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D010758:Phosphorus; D003404:Creatinine