The epidemiology of Chlamydia trachomatis within a sexually transmitted diseases core group.
Female sex workers in Nairobi were prospectively evaluated for risk factors of incident Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Independent risk factors included cervical ectopy (P=.007), gonococcal infection (P=.002), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity (P=.003), HIV seroconversion (P=.001), and duration of prostitution (P=.002). Eighteen different C. trachomatis outer membrane protein (omp1) genotypes were identified, with the allelic composition of the C. trachomatis population changing significantly over time (P=.005). Seventeen of 19 reinfections > or = 6 months apart were with different C. trachomatis omp1 genotypes. Women with HIV infection had an increased proportion of visits with C. trachomatis infection (P=.001) and an increased risk of reinfection (P=.008). Overall, the data demonstrate significant fluctuations in the genotype composition of the C. trachomatis population and a reduced rate of same-genotype reinfection consistent with the occurrence of strain-specific immunity.
Brunham
R C
RC
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Kimani
J
J
Bwayo
J
J
Maitha
G
G
Maclean
I
I
Yang
C
C
Shen
C
C
Roman
S
S
Nagelkerke
N J
NJ
Cheang
M
M
Plummer
F A
FA
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D011477:Sex Work; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013997:Time Factors
D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial