title: Acetylcholinesterase-induced respiratory burst in macrophages: evidence for the involvement of the macrophage mannose-fucose receptor.
abstract: It has long been suggested that acetylcholinesterase is capable of functioning in a non-cholinergic manner. However, very little is known about the molecular structures which mediate the interaction between this protein and the cellular membrane. Previously it was demonstrated that acetylcholinesterase interacted in a carbohydrate-specific manner with peritoneal macrophages and induced the 'respiratory burst' [1]. This study aimed to establish whether a carbohydrate-binding site exists on the acetylcholinesterase molecule itself, or alternatively, whether the macrophage carbohydrate-binding receptor is involved. No carbohydrate binding properties intrinsic to acetylcholinesterase were detected using affinity chromatography with immobilised monosaccharides, erythrocyte agglutination and gel-diffusion techniques. The interaction between acetylcholinesterase and several monosaccharide columns observed in this study appeared to be due to ionic interactions. Moreover, it was shown that a specific inhibitor of the enzymatic activity of AChE, BW284C51, could inhibit the peritoneal cell response not only to acetylcholinesterase, but also to several other stimuli, thus exhibiting a non-specific effect on macrophages. However, the inhibitory effects of specific ligands of the macrophage mannose-fucose receptor and the inability of non-glycosylated acetylcholinesterase to interact with macrophages suggested that the effect of acetylcholinesterase on peritoneal cells is most probably mediated by the macrophage mannose-fucose receptor. The role of the mannose-fucose receptor in triggering the respiratory burst response was supported by the fact that several ligands of these receptors were capable of inducing the functional response of macrophages.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Pharmacology, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klegeris
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Budd
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Greenfield
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002093:Benzenaminium, 4,4'-(3-oxo-1,5-pentanediyl)bis(N,N-dimethyl-N-2-propenyl-), Dibromide / Q000494:pharmacology; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D006386:Hemagglutination Tests; D005779:Immunodiffusion; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D000090323:Mannose Receptor; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins; D051381:Rats; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology*; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D000090323:Mannose Receptor; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D002093:Benzenaminium, 4,4'-(3-oxo-1,5-pentanediyl)bis(N,N-dimethyl-N-2-propenyl-), Dibromide; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase