title: Shear and tensile bond testing for resin cement evaluation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the tensile and shear bond strengths of one experimental and four commercially available resin cements following the ISO document TR 110405 for bond measurement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tensile and shear bond tests were performed using bovine enamel and dentin as the tooth substrate with each of the resin cements. Resin composite rods were cemented to the prepared tooth surfaces. The bond strengths were obtained 24 h after cementation, and mode of failure was classified after fracture of the bonds, both visually and by SEM observation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences existed between the two bond test methods for all materials with enamel and three of the five cements when bonded to dentin. The shear test results were always the higher of the two test methods. Mode of fracture varied little for the visual classification, but the morphology from SEM observations showed considerable differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although there are deficiencies in the current test methods these may be outweighed by substrate variables. A test model should be designed to determine which stresses, tensile or shear, are the greatest for different types of restorations. With this information, the type of test selected could provide appropriate information before clinical trials are commenced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University,Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitasako
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Burrow
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nikaido
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inokoshi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takatsu
mesh_terms: D000636:Aminosalicylic Acids; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003188:Composite Resins; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements; D003743:Dental Enamel; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods; D008689:Methacrylates; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010710:Phosphates; D019279:Resin Cements; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D000636:Aminosalicylic Acids; C096475:Bistite Resin Cement; D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; C074806:Imperva-Bond; D008689:Methacrylates; C092987:Optibond; D010710:Phosphates; C077601:Porcelite Dual Cure; D019279:Resin Cements; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; C074497:N-methacryloyl-5-aminosalicylic acid; C052304:Panavia EX