title: Cytokine-inducing glycolipids in the lipoteichoic acid fraction from Enterococcus hirae ATCC 9790.
abstract: Five high molecular weight glycolipids capable of stimulating human peripheral whole-blood cell cultures to cause interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha induction were isolated from one of the lipoteichoic acid fractions (LTA-2) extracted from Enterococcus hirae ATCC 9790 (Tsutsui et al., (1991) FEMS Microbiol. Immunol. 76, 211-218) by a combination of hydrophobic interaction and anion-exchange chromatographies. This purification procedure resulted in a remarkable increase in the cytokine-inducing activities on the weight basis of isolated glycolipids (a maximum of 36- and 17-fold increases of IL-6 and TNF-alpha induction, respectively). The total yield of these bioactive glycolipids amounted to 6 wt% of the parent LTA-2 fraction, while the recovery rate in terms of the cytokine-inducing activities was estimated to be sufficient. The chemical composition and the profile, using SDS-PAGE, revealed that all of the isolated bioactive components were high molecular weight glycolipids, which were distinct from each other and from the parent LTA-2 fraction. These findings suggest that the IL-6 and TNF-alpha-inducing activities previously noted in the parent LTA-2 fraction are not attributable to a chemical entity, the structure of which had been proposed elsewhere (Fischer, W. (1990) in Glycolipids, Phosphoglycolipids and Sulfoglycolipids (Kates, M. ed.) pp. 123-234, Plenum Press, New York), but to the other high molecular weight glycolipids described here.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Osaka University, Japan. f61425a@center.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tochio
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kotani
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kusumoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000276:immunology; D002845:Chromatography; D016983:Enterococcus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007120:Immunochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008033:Limulus Test; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013682:Teichoic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D006017:Glycolipids; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D013682:Teichoic Acids; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C009900:lipoteichoic acid