title: Immediate and long-term results of balloon mitral commissurotomy for rheumatic mitral stenosis: comparison between Inoue and double-balloon techniques.
abstract: We examined the immediate results and 2-year follow-up of percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) using the Inoue balloon (IB) and double-balloon (DB) techniques. Short-term comparisons have been described, but long-term comparisons have not been available. PTMC was performed in 208 adult patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis (MS) and mitral valve area (MVA) of 0.94 +/- 0.2 cm2, by use of the IB in 157 (73.4%) and the DB technique in 56 (26.3%). Procedures were performed successfully and without complications in 198 (93%) cases. Adequate mitral dilatation (MVA = 1.6 cm2) without significant regurgitation was obtained in 179 (86%) of 192 patients. The final MVA was 2.0 +/- 0.43 cm2 after IB and 2.06 +/- 0.51 cm2 after DB (not significant). Technical difficulties and complications were more frequent with DB (16% vs 3.8%; p<0.001). Severe mitral regurgitation (grade III to IV) occurred in 4.6% of IB and 4.1% of DB (not significant), whereas grade 1 mitral regurgitation was greater with IB (21% vs 10.2%; p=0.01). A total of 172 patients were monitored an average of 23.8 +/- 10.6 months, with 83% in New York Heart Association functional class 1, echocardiographic MVA of 1.84 +/- 0.44 cm2, and restenosis rate of 22% at 36 months. PTMC is a safe, effective treatment for symptomatic MS. Results of both IB and DB techniques are similar, but the IB is simpler and safer, Long-term clinical improvement is maintained, although the restenosis rate seems to be progressive and related to inadequate immediate results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Medicine and Cardiology Division, Hospital de Especialidades No. 25 IMSS, Monterrey, Neuvo Leon, Mexico.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Trevino
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ibarra
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uribe
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de la Fuente
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bonfil
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Feldman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012214:Rheumatic Heart Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*