title: Monitoring of FES-induced muscle activity by continuous EMG-recording.
abstract: Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) requires information on the stimulated muscle for adjustment of the stimulation current, avoidance of muscle fatigue during the conditioning period and long term follow-up. Several applications of chronical FES are in clinical practice, but a system for direct registration of muscle activity under FES still does not exist. In six sheep the right Latissimus Dorsi Muscle (LDM) and Thoracodorsal Nerve were exposed. Stimulation electrodes were applied to each nerve and 3 EMG-applied sensing electrodes were placed into each LDM. The LDM tendon was connected to a force transducer. Burst stimulation was applied and the amplitude was increased from 0 to 4 mA in steps from burst to burst. EMG (M-wave) was amplified and recorded continuously via modified instrumentation amplifier, oscilloscope and tape recorder. Isometric muscle tension was recorded using force transducer, A/D interface and PC. Continuous EMG-recording was performed in all cases. Simultaneous recording of muscle tension and EMG revealed a close correlation (IrI=0.95, p < 0.0001) between the muscle strength and amplitude of the M-wave. Continuous recording of the EMG seems to be a reliable method for direct monitoring of the stimulated muscle. Three intramuscular electrodes can provide enough information to monitor FES induced muscle activity.
authors.affiliation: Department for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Girsch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bijak
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koller
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lanmüller
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mayr
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Thoma
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Losert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D004576:Electromyography / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D008839:Microelectrodes; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D018763:Muscle Fatigue; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012756:Sheep; D012984:Software