title: Metabolism is an important route of pentamidine elimination in the rat: disposition of 14C-pentamidine and identification of metabolites in urine using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: This study assesses the contribution of metabolism for the disposition of pentamidine in the rat. With the use of 14C-labelled compound, the excretion of radioactivity in urine and faeces has been studied in four rats during 44 days after a single intravenous injection of the drug. The urinary and faecal excretion of the radioactivity were of equal importance; 22 +/- 2% (mean +/- S.D.) and 25 +/- 4% being detected in urine and faeces, respectively. The activity in organs and tissues at 44 days after drug administration was also measured and amounted to 21 +/- 5% of the administered dose. Using HPLC the proportion of metabolites in urine in relation to unchanged pentamidine increased with time after dose, being 76 +/- 15% (mean +/- S.D.) of the total excreted radioactivity on day 1 and 97 +/- 1% on day 6. HPLC--tandem mass spectometry was used for identification of metabolites in urine obtained from four rats given unlabelled pentamidine. Using synthetic reference compounds and the selective MS/MS mode four oxidized metabolites of pentamidine were identified either by direct injection into the system or by analyses of extracted urine. Thus, a substantial part of pentamidine is excreted as metabolites in urine.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Tropical Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bronner
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ericsson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nordin
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wikström
authors.forename: Y A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Abdi
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Tidwell
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010419:Pentamidine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D010419:Pentamidine