title: Classification and prevalence of temporomandibular joint disk displacement in patients and symptom-free volunteers.
abstract: The purposes of this study were to develop a classification system for disk displacement in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and to study the prevalence of the various types of TMJ disk displacement in patients and symptom-free volunteers. The study was based on bilateral MRIs of 243 patients and 57 symptom-free volunteers. Eight different types of disk displacements were identified in addition to the superior disk position and a tenth indeterminate category. Superior disk position was observed bilaterally in 18% of the patients and bilaterally in 70% of the symptom-free volunteers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, University of Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Tasaki
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Westesson
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Isberg
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Tallents
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012016:Reference Values; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D009626:Terminology as Topic