title: Ciliary neurotrophic factors enhances peripheral nerve regeneration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adjunctive measures to enhance nerve repair have focused on a variety of trophic factors that alter the physiologic response to nerve injury through Schwann cell-axonal interactions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of two trophic factors, ciliary neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor, on axonal response to injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, randomized, blinded animal study with a placebo control using lactated Ringer's solution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat sciatic nerves were transected and repaired as a model of injury following which experimental factors were delivered in vivo through an implantable osmotic pump.
  
  
  METHODS
  Functional nerve recovery, muscle mass, and gene expression in the three experimental groups were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ciliary neurotrophic factor group (n=6) showed a higher sciatic functional recovery (P=.003) and preservation of affected muscle mass (P=.03) compared with the nerve growth factor (n=8) and control (n=8) groups. Molecular analysis of injured nerves showed no difference in expression of ciliary neurotrophic factor, myelin basic protein, or low-affinity neurotrophin receptor messenger RNA among the three groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that ciliary neurotrophic factor may serve as an important neurocytokine for axonal regrowth during peripheral nerve regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Calif, USA.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Verity
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hawatmeh
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Fee
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Terris
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D015918:Infusion Pumps, Implantable; D008297:Male; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins