title: Multiple-unit and second transfusions of red cells enzymatically converted from group B to group O: report on the end of phase 1 trials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has previously been shown that 1 and 2 units (200 - 400 mL) of red cells (RBCs) enzymatically converted from group B to group O by treatment with alpha-galactosidase (ECO RBCs) are safe and efficacious when transfused to normal group O or A persons.
  
  
  METHODS
  The current report describes studies in which 1) normal group A and O subjects received large volumes of these cells (3 units), 2) some group O subjects underwent transfusion several months later, and 3) ECO RBCs were prepared by the use of recombinant coffee bean alpha-galactosidase and transfused to a group O subject, to demonstrate the in vivo equivalence of ECO RBCs, whether prepared with native or recombinant alpha-galactosidase.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical evaluation (hematologic tests, chemistry analysis, urinalysis) and serologic analyses did not reveal any evidence of subtle or acute transfusion reaction or significant increase in preexisting anti-B titer. ECO RBC survival within the circulation of the recipients was normal (24-hour survival, 95.5 +/- 0.9%; t1/2, 34.7 +/- 6.1 days; n = 8 transfusions), and the efficacy of the transfusions was manifested in elevations in recipient hemoglobin and hematocrit (hemoglobin increase, 1.5 +/- 0.6 g/dL; hematocrit increase, 3.6 +/- 1.6%; n = 8 transfusions).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ECO RBCs are safe and efficacious when transfused more than once or in multiple-unit volumes to group O or A subjects, and ECO RBCs prepared with recombinant or native enzyme are equivalent in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biochemistry Laboratory, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, USA.
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Lenny
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hurst
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Galbraith
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D017707:Erythrocyte Transfusion; D006801:Humans; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D000519:alpha-Galactosidase / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000519:alpha-Galactosidase