title: Population dynamics of immune responses to persistent viruses.
abstract: Mathematical models, which are based on a firm understanding of biological interactions, can provide nonintuitive insights into the dynamics of host responses to infectious agents and can suggest new avenues for experimentation. Here, a simple mathematical approach is developed to explore the relation between antiviral immune responses, virus load, and virus diversity. The model results are compared to data on cytotoxic T cell responses and viral diversity in infections with the human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1) and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1).
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bangham
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D000940:Antigenic Variation; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D011157:Population Dynamics; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018406:Virus Physiological Phenomena; D014779:Virus Replication; D014780:Viruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D000939:Epitopes