title: The Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (familial, early onset encephalopathy with calcifications of the basal ganglia and chronic cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis).
abstract: Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (Mendelian inheritance in man Catalog No *225750) is an autosomal recessive encephalopathy which causes developmental arrest, intracerebral calcification, and white matter disease in the presence of chronic cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis, and a raised level of cerebrospinal fluid interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha). Diagnosis requires the presence of progressive encephalopathy with onset shortly after birth, and characteristic clinical neurological and neuroimaging signs together with chronic CSF lymphocytosis. The syndrome has superficial resemblance to the neurological sequelae of congenital infection, thus a rigorous search for microbiological and serological evidence of embryopathic infections should be carried out in each case.
authors.affiliation: Duncan Guthrie Institute of Medical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals NHS Trust, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Tolmie
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shillito
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hughes-Benzie
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Stephenson
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology; D005808:Genes, Recessive; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D008218:Lymphocytosis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D008297:Male; D008831:Microcephaly / Q000235:genetics*; D009123:Muscle Hypotonia / Q000235:genetics; D009410:Nerve Degeneration; D018458:Persistent Vegetative State / Q000235:genetics; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D016898:Interferon-alpha