title: Management of malignant tracheobronchial stenosis with metal stents and Dumon stents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tracheobronchial stenosis caused by malignancy is a life- threatening problem. Stenting is one of the treatment modalities and recently has been used widely for the management of such stenosis, but we do not have a clear guide as to which stent should be selected.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 25 patients (19 men, 6 women; mean age, 60.7 years; range, 34 to 77 years) received 24 metal stents (four covered with silicone rubber) and three Dumon stents. All 25 patients had severe dyspnea because of airway stenosis caused by malignant tumors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 25 patients, airway obstruction due to extrinsic compression by tumor developed in 11 and was treated with a bare metal stent. The airway remained patent in 10 patients. In 16 patients with intraluminal tumor invasion, nine lesions were treated with a bare metal stent, four lesions with a covered metal stent, and the remaining three lesions with a Dumon stent. Recurrent stenosis did not occur in any patient with a covered metal stent or a Dumon stent. However, restenosis occurred in 4 patients with a bare metal stent, all of whom received laser therapy. In all patients, stenting immediately relieved dyspnea. Six patients lived for 32 days to 53 months after stenting, and 19 patients died of primary malignancies with a mean survival of 131.9 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metal stents are effective in treating malignant extrinsic tracheobronchial compression. The use of covered metal stents or Dumon stents is preferable for intraluminal stenosis due to malignant growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery III, Nara Medical College, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tojo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iioka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Otsuji
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furuse
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D001982:Bronchial Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D001984:Bronchial Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015607:Stents / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014134:Tracheal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D014135:Tracheal Stenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*