title: Systemic cocaine challenge after chronic cocaine treatment reveals sensitization of extracellular dopamine levels in nucleus accumbens but direct cocaine perfusion into nucleus accumbens does not: implications for the neural locus of cocaine sensitization.
abstract: Rats were treated chronically with 20 mg/kg/day cocaine (by intraperitoneal injection) for 16 days, followed by 7 days of cocaine wash-out. On the next day, rats were challenged with an acute dose of cocaine administered by one of two routes (systemic or intracranial), and extra-cellular dopamine (DA) in the nucleus accumbens (Acb) was measured by in vivo microdialysis. Rats acutely challenged systemically with 20 mg/kg cocaine showed enhanced Acb extracellular DA levels (compared to control rats that had not previously received chronic cocaine). However, rats acutely challenged with intracranial cocaine by perfusion of 10(-5) M cocaine directly into the Acb did not. It is suggested that both the development and triggering of cocaine sensitization, as manifested by enhanced Acb DA content to subsequent acute cocaine challenge, may involve more than just neural mechanisms occurring locally within the Acb.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marmur
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Paredes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pulles
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Gardner
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D003042:Cocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D006719:Homovanillic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003042:Cocaine; D004298:Dopamine; D006719:Homovanillic Acid