Incorrect diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. A clinicopathologic study.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the accuracy of clinical diagnoses of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in subjects enrolled in the Rochester Alzheimer's Disease Project (RADP) who were examined at autopsy, and to present a list of clinical "red flags."


METHODS
Autopsy examination of both prospective and retrospective subjects consecutively enrolled in this clinicopathologic study of the RADP.


METHODS
University hospital and research center, using a multidisciplinary geriatric neurology clinic, satellite clinics, nursing home visits, and home visits.


METHODS
One hundred seventy subjects clinically diagnosed as having AD who were enrolled in the RADP between 1983 and 1993 underwent neuropathologic examination. Of these, 93 had been enrolled prospectively and 77 retrospectively.


METHODS
Agreement between clinical and pathologic diagnoses.


RESULTS
One hundred forty-nine subjects of 170 clinically diagnosed as having AD fulfilled the pathologic criteria for AD, yielding an accuracy rate of 88%. Of 93 subjects enrolled prospectively and diagnosed as having AD, 83 (90%) met the histologic criteria for AD. Of the 77 subjects enrolled retrospectively, neuropathologic examination indicated definite AD in 66 (86%).


CONCLUSIONS
There was a high correlation between clinicians' diagnoses and final pathologic diagnoses. The most common clinical errors involved the misdiagnosis of dementias due to Parkinson's disease and cerebrovascular disease. There was no significant difference in the accuracy rates of subjects enrolled prospectively and retrospectively.
Klatka
L A
LA
Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY, USA.
Schiffer
R B
RB
Powers
J M
JM
Kazee
A M
AM
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies