title: Long-term survival after bronchial sleeve resection: univariate and multivariate analyses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Long-term results after bronchial sleeve resection remain controversial, especially in relation to nodal involvement. In a previous report, there were no 10-year survivors among patients with N1 or N2 disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1960 to 1989, 145 patients underwent bronchial sleeve resection for a bronchogenic tumor. Follow-up was updated until the end of 1994, so the minimum follow-up was 5 years for surviving patients. A univariate analysis and a multivariate analysis were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the whole group, 5-year, 10-year, and 15-year survival rates were 46%, 33%, and 22%, respectively. The median survival time was 53 months. Five-year and 10-year survival rates for the 71 patients with no disease were 62% and 51%, respectively; for the 58 patients with N1 disease, 31% and 10%; and for the 16 patients with N2 disease, 5-year and 7-year survival rates were 31% and 13%. There was a highly significant difference in survival between patients with no and N1 or N2 disease but not between those with N1 and N2 disease. Multivariate analysis showed only nodal stage and patient age to be significant factors in relation to survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term results after bronchial sleeve resection are influenced chiefly by nodal stage. A significantly lower survival is found in patients with N1 and N2 disease, and most of these patients die of distant metastases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium.
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Van Schil
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brutel de la Riviére
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Knaepen
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: van Swieten
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Reher
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Goossens
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Vanderschueren
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: van den Bosch
mesh_terms: D000206:Actuarial Analysis; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001980:Bronchi / Q000601:surgery*; D018196:Carcinoma, Adenosquamous / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002423:Cause of Death; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000401:mortality* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015996:Survival Rate; D017741:Survivors