title: Induction of labor compared with expectant management for prelabor rupture of the membranes at term. TERMPROM Study Group.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As the interval between rupture of the fetal membranes at term and delivery increases, so may the risk of fetal and maternal infection. It is not known whether inducing labor will reduce this risk or whether one method of induction is better then another.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 5041 women with prelabor rupture of the membranes at term. The women were randomly assigned to induction of labor with intravenous oxytocin; induction of labor with vaginal prostaglandin E2 gel; or expectant management for up to four days, with labor induced with either intravenous oxytocin or vaginal prostaglandin E2 gel if complications developed. The primary outcome was neonatal infection. Secondary outcomes were the need for cesarean section and women's evaluations of their treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rates of neonatal infection and cesarean section were not significantly different among the study groups. The rates of neonatal infection were 2.0 percent for the induction-with-oxytocin group, 3.0 percent for the induction-with-prostaglandin group, 2.8 percent for the expectant-management (oxytocin) group, and 2.7 percent for the expectant-management (prostaglandin) group. The rates of cesarean section ranged from 9.6 to 10.9 percent. Clinical chorioamnionitis was less likely to develop in the women in the induction-with-oxytocin group than in those in the expectant-management (oxytocin) group (4.0 percent vs. 8.6 percent, P<0.001), as was postpartum fever (1.9 percent vs. 3.6 percent, P=0.008). Women in the induction groups were less likely to say they liked "nothing" about their treatment than those in the expectant-management groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In women with prelabor rupture of the membranes at term, induction of labor with oxytocin or prostaglandin E2 and expectant management result in similar rates of neonatal infection and cesarean section. Induction of labor with intravenous oxytocin results in a lower risk of maternal infection than does expectant management. Women view induction of labor more positively than expectant management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hannah
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohlsson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Farine
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hewson
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Hodnett
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Myhr
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Weston
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Willan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002821:Chorioamnionitis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death; D005322:Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007239:Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D007751:Labor, Induced / Q000379:methods; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010121:Oxytocin; D015232:Dinoprostone