title: Beta-globin gene cluster haplotype distribution in five Brazilian Indian tribes.
abstract: Haplotypes derived from five polymorphic restriction sites in the beta-globin gene cluster were investigated in 139 individuals from five different Brazilian Indian tribes by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Eight haplotypes were identified. Haplotypes 2 ((+)----) and 6 (-)++(-)+) were the most frequent and were common to all tribes. Their prevalences ranged from 60% to 93% and from 3% to 18%, respectively. Average heterozygosity measured by the Gini-Simpson index is markedly reduced among these Brazilian Indians when compared with Europeans (56%), but much less (8%) in relation to Asiatics, suggesting the absence of an important bottleneck effect in the early colonization of South America. The coefficient of gene differentiation (GST') was estimated as 0.082 among six Brazilian Indian tribes, but when only three Tupi-Mondé-speaking tribes were considered, this estimate was reduced to 0.030.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Bevilaqua
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Mattevi
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Ewald
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Salzano
authors.lastname: Coimbra CE Júnior
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hutz
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001938:Brazil / Q000208:ethnology; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005914:Globins / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007199:Indians, South American / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005914:Globins