title: A computer-controlled, continuously circulating, hot irrigating system for endometrial ablation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the efficacy of a computer-controlled thermal catheter system to ablate the endometrium by use of 5 to 15 ml of hot saline solution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five in vivo sheep uteri and 32 freshly excised human uteri were studied by inserting a self-contained heater catheter equipped with thermocouples and circulating hot saline solution for 15 minutes within the uteri at various temperature settings ranging from 60 degrees C to 80 degrees C. The uteri were grossly examined and microscopically evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-diaphorase stains for degree of acute destruction, depth of thermal injury, and predicted viability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 80 degrees C sheep treatments resulted in complete loss of viability at mucosal, submucosal, and myometrial levels. In human uteri temperatures > or = 80 degrees C produced grossly recognizable thermal damage to the endometrium. Full-thickness irreversible damage was seen in the endometrium. Loss of viability was also demonstrated 1 to 3 mm deep in the superficial myometrium. Intrauterine pressure was demonstrated to range from 20 to 40 mm Hg, with a mean of 26 mm Hg. No leakage of fluid from the oviducts was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data presented here demonstrate that a simple technique coupled with a sophisticated monitoring control system could successfully ablate the endometrium without the vagaries associated with individual operator skill levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Good Samaritan Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45220-2489, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baggish
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paraiso
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Breznock
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Griffey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000601:surgery*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D012756:Sheep; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride