title: Radiation exposure to patient and operator during radiofrequency ablation for supraventricular tachycardia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Radiofrequency (RF) ablation has become the primary method of treatment for supraventricular tachycardia and often requires prolonged fluoroscopy times.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To quantitate radiation exposure to patient and operator during RF ablation for supraventricular tachycardia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thermoluminescent dosemeters were used to monitor radiation at seven sites. Positions were: patient's thyroid, left scapula, T9 vertebra, right scapula and L4-L5 vertebra and the operator's thyroid and left hand. Monitoring was performed during 22 procedures. Of the patients studied 10 (45%) had atrioventricular junctional re-entry tachycardia (AVJRT) and 12 (55%) had accessory pathway tachycardia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median fluoroscopy times (minutes) and inter-quartile ranges were 46 (39-65) for AVJRT, 55 (52-60) for left free wall accessory pathway (LFW), 107 (89-140) for septal and 166 (128-176) for RFW pathways. The mean radiation doses (mGy) to the chest wall were 50 for AVJRT, 47 for LFW, 87 for septal and 151 for RFW pathways. The mean radiation to the chest wall of the patient per case was found to be 3.9 times that reported for diagnostic cardiac catheterisation and 1.5 times that reported for angioplasty.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radiofrequency ablation is associated with significant irradiation of the patient and operator. All precautions should be taken to decrease this exposure. If eye irradiation is assumed to be equal to that to the thyroid, more than 45 procedures per month by a single operator (using ceiling-suspended lead glass shielding) may result in exceeding the recommended dose limit to the eye.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kovoor
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ricciardello
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Uther
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000002:abnormalities; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D013611:Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry / Q000601:surgery; D013617:Tachycardia, Supraventricular / Q000601:surgery*