New drugs for the treatment of epilepsy.
OBJECTIVE
This article will review current data on the metabolism, interactions, methods of analysis, and adverse effects observed with the use of new anticonvulsant drugs. The role of the laboratory in the provision of therapeutic drug monitoring for these drugs is discussed.


CONCLUSIONS
Certain of the newer anticonvulsant drugs require therapeutic drug monitoring for their optimal use in the treatment of epileptic seizures. The requirement for therapeutic drug monitoring has not been established for some of these drugs. Many of the newer anticonvulsant drugs, including lamotrigine, felbamate, vigabatrin, and zonisamide, interact clinically with established drugs, such as phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and valproic acid. Introduction of these new drugs will result in the need for more frequent monitoring of the established drugs during polytherapy. The need for a drug-monitoring service for anticonvulsant drugs overall will continue, due to the frequency of drug interactions, the incidence of adverse effects, and concerns about compliance with the dosing regimen in these patients.
Fraser
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AD
Division of Clinical Chemistry, Victoria General Hospital, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D015195:Drug Design; D004347:Drug Interactions; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D058785:GABA-A Receptor Agonists; D006801:Humans; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000187:drug effects; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
D000927:Anticonvulsants; D058785:GABA-A Receptor Agonists; D007473:Ion Channels; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate