Tyrosinase and related proteins in mammalian pigmentation.
Tyrosinase is the key enzyme in pigment synthesis, initiating a cascade of reactions which convert the amino acid tyrosine to the melanin biopolymer. Two other tyrosinase-related proteins (TRP) are known, TRP-1 (probably DHICAoxidase) and TRP-2 (DOPAchrome tautomerase). These proteins show about 40% homology, and recent results have indicated that the genes might be derived from a common ancestor. We will discuss recent findings on genomic organization, and on the proteins and their presumed function, which is important for eumelanin synthesis in mouse and man.
del Marmol
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V
LOCE, Institut J. Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
Beermann
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F
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; D007535:Isomerases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008322:Mammals; D008543:Melanins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D051379:Mice; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005810:Multigene Family; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011506:Proteins; D013045:Species Specificity
D008543:Melanins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D011506:Proteins; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C489799:TYRP1 protein, human; C079621:Tyrp1 protein, mouse; C064056:tyrosinase-related protein-1; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; D007535:Isomerases; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C042501:dopachrome isomerase