title: Nitric oxide production is increased in patients after burn injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Human burn injury is associated with an inflammatory response and related hyperdynamic cardiovascular profile. Increased production of nitric oxide (NO), a potent endogenous vasodilator, has been reported in patients with inflammatory states, including sepsis, but not after trauma other than burns. We studied whether plasma levels of the stable byproducts of NO, nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-), are increased in burn patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  In consecutive patients admitted to the intensive care unit of the burn center at the Queen Astrid Military Hospital in Brussels, plasma was drawn daily from day 1 to day 5 postadmission for determination of NO2-/NO3- levels (Griess' reaction). In a control group of nonseptic inpatients from the department of neurology in Erasme University Hospital who were matched for nutrition (30 to 40 kcal/kg/day of a standard enteral solution), plasma was drawn once for NO2-/NO3- determination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The burn group included 16 patients (age 35 +/- 18 years, total burn surface area (TBSA) 37 +/- 19%) and the control group included six patients (age 64 +/- 18 years). For each comparison between the groups, NO2-/NO3- plasma levels were higher in those patients with burns than in the control group. In the burn group, there was no correlation between NO2-/NO3- plasma levels and TBSA, age, TBSA x age, blood pressure or time. However, in a subgroup of five burned patients who became septic during the study period, NO2-/NO3- plasma levels were slightly higher than in the non-infected patients (177 +/- 131 vs. 83 +/- 48 micromoles/L, NS).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human burn injury is associated with an increase in NO production. In this small-size study, NO production was not proportional to burn area, and seemed to be further enhanced in septic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Preiser
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reper
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vlasselaer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vray
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vanderkelen
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Vincent
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001830:Body Surface Area; D002056:Burns / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008875:Middle Aged; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018805:Sepsis / Q000209:etiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D009569:Nitric Oxide