title: A guide to safe corporotomy incisions in the presence of underlying inflatable penile cylinders: results of in vitro and in vivo studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Because iatrogenic injury to an underlying inflatable implant may be induced by electrocautery incision of the tunica during tunical release or cylinder reexploration, safe electrocautery guidelines are needed.
  
  
  METHODS
  For the in vitro model silicone and polyurethane elastomer lined inflatable penile prosthetic cylinders were used, and cutting and coagulation electrocautery was applied directly on the device, on a tissue-implant interface, and at minimal, partial or full inflation with saline. For the in vivo study 10 patients with underlying inflatable prosthetic cylinders underwent tunical releases for treatment of secondary penile curvature (7) and reexploration for a malpositioned device (3) with a minimum 1 year of followup.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the in vitro study electrocautery injuries either did not occur when applied directly to silicone and polyurethane elastomer lined devices, occurred in both devices in the presence of a tissue-implant interface, occurred in polyurethane elastomer lined devices at a far less thermal energy setting than with silicone, occurred in both implants at lower wattages with increasing saline inflation or did not occur in 100% of polyurethane elastomer lined devices when coagulation electrocautery was less than 65 watts. In the in vivo study, by adhering to the aforementioned principles and using novel surgical techniques, no device malfunctions were created intraoperatively or observed within a mean followup of 22 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Electrocautery can be used safely to create a tunical incision with any underlying inflatable cylinder. To avoid electrocautery injury, based on the clinical study results in polyurethane elastomer lined devices, one should deflate the cylinder before electrocautery, use coagulation current at 35 watts, apply the electrocautery only to the outer longitudinal tunical layer, bluntly dissect through the inner circular layer, and elevate the tunica, protect the device and incise the tissue under direct vision.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Hakim
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kulaksizoglu
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Hamill
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Udelson
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004564:Electrocoagulation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015917:Penile Prosthesis; D010413:Penis / Q000601:surgery*; D055585:Physical Phenomena; D010825:Physics; D011474:Prosthesis Design