title: Heavy utilization of inpatient and outpatient services in a public mental health service.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to develop a descriptive profile of heavy users of services in the South Australian Mental Health Services.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case notes for 50 heavy users were reviewed to obtain demographic and diagnostic information and data on service use over a three-year period. To supplement and verify this information, 35 of the patients were given structured interviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the 50 patients was 34.9 years, and there was a slight predominance of females. Most patients had never married and had been unemployed for a long time. All had a low income. The mean number of years of education was ten. The group was seriously disabled by psychiatric illness. The most common diagnosis was schizophrenia, followed by schizoaffective disorder and bipolar disorder. Comorbid axis I disorder and personality disorder or physical illness was common. Drug and alcohol abuse often complicated patient management and patients' ability to live successfully in the community. The average annual cost per patient was $13,598 (Australian), largely from inpatient care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study contributes to an emerging global profile of the heavy service user. Such a profile may help service systems identify patients in this subgroup and target management strategies to these often very disadvantaged and challenging patients.
authors.affiliation: Glenside Hospital, South Australian Mental Health Services, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fogarty
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yellowlees
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019090:Case Management / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003156:Community Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008875:Middle Aged; D010343:Patient Admission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D011610:Psychosocial Deprivation; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013021:South Australia / Q000453:epidemiology