title: Enhanced therapeutic effect of cytidine-5'-diphosphate choline when associated with GM1 containing small liposomes as demonstrated in a rat ischemia model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cytidine-5'-diphosphate choline (CDPc) was encapsulated in long-circulating unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) to improve the drug's biological effectiveness.
  
  
  METHODS
  SUVs made up of diaplmitoylphosphatidylcholine/diaplmitoylphosphatidylserine /cholesterol (7:4:7 molar ratio) and 8 mol % of ganglioside GM1 were prepared by extrusion through polycarbonate filters (mean diameter 50 nm). The formulation effectiveness was evaluated by an in vivo model of cerebral ischemia on Wistar rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The enhanced delivery of CDPc into the brain improved the therapeutic effectiveness of the drug. CDPc-loaded SUVs improved the survival rate of ischemized and reperfused Wistar rats (320-350 g) by approximately 66% compared with the free drug. Liposome formulation was also able to effectively protect the brain against peroxidative damage caused by post-ischemic reperfusion. SUVs lowered the conjugated diene levels of the cerebral cortex. The liposomal delivery system did not alter the distribution patterns in the various cerebral lipid fractions of the drug, radiolabeled with 14C-CDPc.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CDPc-loaded SUVs were able to protect the brain against damage induced by ischemia. A possible clinical application is envisaged.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Polymere, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fresta
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wehrli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Puglisi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside / Q000032:analysis; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010316:Particle Size; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D008081:Liposomes; D018697:Nootropic Agents; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline