Genetically engineered mammalian cells and applications.
In general, cells genetically engineered for stable and defined expression of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes are useful tools whenever a metabolism-related problem in toxicology and pharmacology is to be solved. It is the genetic and phenotypic nature of a given cell that determines its applicability. Mammalian cells have useful characteristics not given in bacterial, yeast or insect cells, which also may express xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. It is the problem to be solved and the question to be answered which determine the optimal choice for the best-suited expression system. There may even be subtle differences between mammalian cells of different species and organ origin, which might play a role in choosing a mammalian expression system. Thus, the level and specificity of the xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme, the experimental testing conditions, and the biological endpoints present in a chosen cell are the most important criteria to be observed in the application of the mammalian expression systems.
Doehmer
J
J
Technische Universität München, Institut für Toxikologie und Umwelthygiene, Germany.
Schneider
A
A
Fassbender
M
M
Soballa
V
V
Schmalix
W A
WA
Greim
H
H
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000378:metabolism
D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015262:Xenobiotics; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System