title: Alkalinization of lidocaine 2% does not influence the quality of epidural anaesthesia for elective caesarean section.
abstract: This double-blind randomized study compared the effects of an epidural injection of lidocaine hydrochloride 2% (HCl) (Group 1), alkalinized lidocaine 2% (1 ml NaHCO3 per 10 ml of solution) injected either immediately (Group 2) or one hour after preparation (Group 3) in 45 parturients (n = 15 per group) scheduled for elective Caesarean section. Each patient received 16 ml of one of the three solutions. The mean pH values measured just before administration with a pH-meter PHM 64 Metrohm AG were 6.77 for the HCl lidocaine 2% solution, 7.34 for the freshly alkalinized solution and 7.35 for the solution prepared one hour before injection. The median maximal sensory level (range) observed was T3 (T8-C7), T4 (T5-C8) and T4 (T6-C6), obtained after 19 +/- 6 min, 18 +/- 8 min and 16 +/- 6 min respectively for each group. A motor block of grade 2 or 3 on the Bromage scale was obtained in 11, 10 and 14 patients respectively. No failure was observed although 3, 5, and 2 patients in Groups 1, 2, and 3 respectively required a supplementary bolus 20 min after the initial injection because of inadequate sensory level or pain at the operative site. In conclusion, this study shows that neither fresh alkalinization of 2% lidocaine nor the delay of one hour between preparation and injection of the alkalinized solution influences the onset or quality of epidural anaesthesia for elective Caesarean section.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gaggero
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Van Gessel
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rifat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods*; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000737:chemistry*; D002585:Cesarean Section; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000737:chemistry*; D011247:Pregnancy; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D008012:Lidocaine