title: Modification of an N-terminal regulatory domain of T antigen restores p53-T antigen complex formation in the absence of an essential metal ion cofactor.
abstract: We have discovered that the ability of the tumor suppressor protein p53 to bind to the viral large T antigen (TAg) oncogene product is regulated by divalent cations. Both proteins were purified from an insect cell line infected with the appropriate baculovirus expression vector. In a two-site capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, complex formation between the purified proteins is strictly dependent on the addition of specific concentrations of divalent metal ions, notably zinc, copper, cadmium, cobalt, manganese, and nickel. In the presence of zinc the pattern of proteolytic fragments obtained when TAg was subjected to proteolysis by endoproteinase Glu-C (V8) was strikingly different, supporting the idea that a conformational change in TAg associated with ion binding is required for it to complex with p53. Monoclonal antibody analysis provides supporting evidence for a conformational change. When TAg was captured onto an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay plate coated with PAb 419 as opposed to many other anti-TAg antibodies, complex formation was completely independent of the presence of additional divalent cations. Our results suggest that the ability of p53 and TAg to form a stable complex in vitro is dependent upon a regulatory domain residing in the N terminus of TAg, zinc ions or the binding of a specific monoclonal antibody (PAb 419) provoking a conformational change in TAg that facilitates and supports complex formation.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Campaign Cell Transformation Group, Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Kernohan
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Hupp
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Lane
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000952:Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002413:Cations, Divalent / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D003300:Copper / Q000494:pharmacology; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007700:Kinetics; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D008670:Metals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D018411:Spodoptera; D014162:Transfection; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000952:Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming; D002413:Cations, Divalent; D008670:Metals; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D003300:Copper; D004492:Edetic Acid; D008274:Magnesium; D015032:Zinc