title: The combination of cisplatin, doxorubicin, and mitomycin (PAM) compared with the FAM regimen in treating advanced gastric carcinoma. A phase II randomized trial of the Italian Oncology Group for Clinical Research.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In a randomized Phase II study, the authors evaluated the activity and toxicity of the new cisplatin, doxorubicin, and mitomycin C (PAM) combination, that includes cisplatin (P) instead of 5-fluorouracil as in the 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and mitomycin C (FAM) combination, in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma. FAM was utilized as a control treatment arm.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty eligible patients were assigned to the FAM (5-fluorouracil 600 mg/m2 intravenous (i.v.) on Days 1, 8, 29, 36; doxorubicin 30 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 29; mitomycin C 10 mg/m2 i.v. on Day 1; every 8 weeks) and 52 to the PAM combination (cisplatin 60 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 29; doxorubicin 30 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 29; mitomycin C 10 mg/m2 i.v. on Day 1; every 8 weeks). All eligible patients were included in the evaluation of response, toxicity and survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PAM combination complete response (CR) rate was 8%, and the CR plus partial response (PR) rate was 21% (95% confidence interval [CI] from 10% to 32%). The median time to progression, duration of response, and duration of survival were 15, 26, and 29 weeks, respectively. The FAM combination CR rate was 2% and the CR plus PR rate was 26% (95% CI from 14% to 38%). The median time to progression, duration of response, and duration of survival were 17, 27, and 23 weeks, respectively. Hematologic and nonhematologic toxicity were mild with both regimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that this new combination, that does not include 5-fluorouracil, is active in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma. Since treatment with 5-fluorouracil alone is still considered the standard according to some authors, the PAM combination may be included among the sequential clinical options before or after treatment with 5-fluorouracil alone.
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Institutions of the GOIRC Group in Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Lisi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cocconi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Angelini
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cavicchi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Costanzo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gilli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodinò
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soldani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tonato
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Finardi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008937:Mitomycins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D008937:Mitomycins; D004317:Doxorubicin; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil