title: A large family of putative transmembrane receptors homologous to the product of the Drosophila tissue polarity gene frizzled.
abstract: In Drosophila melanogaster, the frizzled gene plays an essential role in the development of tissue polarity as assessed by the orientation of cuticular structures. Through a combination of random cDNA sequencing, degenerate polymerase chain reaction amplification, and low stringency hybridization we have identified six novel frizzled homologues from mammals, at least 11 from zebrafish, several from chicken and sea urchin, and one from Caenorhabditis elegans. The complete deduced amino acid sequences of the mammalian and nematode homologues share with the Drosophila frizzled protein a conserved amino-terminal cysteine-rich domain and seven putative transmembrane segments. Each of the mammalian homologues is expressed in a distinctive set of tissues in the adult, and at least three are expressed during embryogenesis. As hypothesized for the Drosophila frizzled protein, the frizzled homologues are likely to act as transmembrane receptors for as yet unidentified ligands. These observations predict the existence of a family of signal transduction pathways that are homologous to the pathway that determines tissue polarity in Drosophila.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Macke
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Abella
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Andreasson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Worley
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Copeland
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nathans
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D005091:Exons; D051157:Frizzled Receptors; D017344:Genes, Insect; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007301:Insect Hormones / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D007438:Introns; D008322:Mammals; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D009348:Nematoda / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D051381:Rats; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D012617:Sea Urchins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D051157:Frizzled Receptors; D007301:Insect Hormones; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; C511610:Fzd8 protein, mouse; C058784:fz protein, Drosophila