title: Vitamin retention in cook/chill and cook/hot-hold hospital food-services.
abstract: The vitamins with the greatest losses during hot-holding of food (> 10% after 2 hours) are vitamin C, folate, and vitamin B-6; retinol, thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin appear to be relatively stable. The 66 studies reviewed in this article give inadequate information on the losses of many other vitamins. In cook/chill food-services, substantial losses of sensitive vitamins occur during each of the chilling, storage, and reheating stages. Different reheating methods have similar effects on the amount of vitamin retention. Losses of vitamin C and folate can be greater than 30% when food is reheated after storage for 24 hours at 3 degrees C. Current research indicates that under normal operating conditions, with hot-holding limited to less than 90 minutes, vitamin retention is better in a conventional food-service than in a cook/chill system.
authors.affiliation: Human Nutrition Unit, University of Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D005521:Food Service, Hospital / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014815:Vitamins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins