title: Electrocardiogram in the ambulatory clinic in older patients with cardiac disease: an assessment of the contribution to management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the value of the routine electrocardiogram (EKG) in the management of older (> 65 years) patients with cardiac disease during return visits to the ambulatory clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-one patients older than 65 years of age, with cardiac diagnoses, presenting for follow-up visits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chart notes from 254 encounters with 71 patients in a cardiology clinic were analyzed. Excluded were new patients as well as patients followed in special arrhythmia clinics for pacemakers or significant arrhythmias. All patients underwent an EKG during each clinic visit, irrespective of their clinical status, according to the clinic's protocol. The frequency and nature of therapeutic decisions made in the clinic, the contribution of the EKG to the decision-making process, the appropriateness of the EKG, and the physician response to the EKG were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Therapeutic decisions, the most common of which (28%) was medication changes, were made in 78 (31%) patients. The routine EKG was considered inappropriate in 60%. Unexpected diagnostic information not obtained from history or examination was not present in any encounter. EKG findings were not addressed by physicians in 22%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most older patients seen in the cardiology clinic for return visits with stable symptoms do not benefit from EKGs. Unexpected diagnostic information from the EKG leading to major therapeutic decisions is rare in older people with stable symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Section, Department of Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Sivaram
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lestina
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies