[5-fluorouracil: cause of a fatal myocardial infarction in combined radiochemotherapy?].
OBJECTIVE
A 53-year-old female patient was treated with combined radiochemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) because of adenocarcinoma of the lung. She died after the 2nd day of the first course on fatal myocardial infarction. The histological evaluation of the heart revealed no severe chronic fibrosis. In our opinion the myocardial infarction was partly 5-fluorouracil-related in this case.


METHODS
Published case reports on this theme were reviewed and discussed.


RESULTS
The review of the literature showed a 5-FU associated cardiotoxicity in 98 cases. Most of the patients were without evidence of pre-existing myocardial disorders. The discussion about the reasons of the 5-FU-associated cardiotoxicity is still going on. Cardiotoxicity will rise up in 1.1% to 4.5% of the patients treated with 5-FU. Patients with a history of cardiac disease were at significantly increased risk for 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.


CONCLUSIONS
In high-risk-patients 5-FU should not be given without electrocardiographic monitoring. The continuous infusion is better than a bolus treatment.
Maurer
U
U
Institut für Klinische Radiologie, Klinikum der Stadt Mannheim.
Härle
M
M
Jungius
K P
KP
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000139:chemically induced*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness
D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D005472:Fluorouracil