title: Intermodal agreement of follow-up telephone functional assessment using the Functional Independence Measure in patients with stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the intermodal agreement of Functional Independence Measure (FIM) ratings when obtained by two commonly used approaches: telephone interview and in-person assessment of functional performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sample of 40 persons with hemiparesis was tested by two registered nurses trained in FIM definitions and telephone interview techniques. The two assessments occurred within 5 days of each other. The raters were blind to previous assessments. The administration of assessments was alternated to minimize bias and order effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  All subjects were assessed at home, between 3 and 10 months after discharge from rehabilitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The criteria for inclusion were: (1) diagnosis of cerebral vascular accident (CVA); (2) completion of a minimum of 2 weeks in an acute rehabilitation program; (3) currently living at home; (4) living within a 30-mile radius of the hospital; and (5) cognitive and verbal skills adequate to complete a telephone interview. From a population of 103 patients, 40 subjects were randomly selected, 18 women and 22 men ranging in age from 37 to 90 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  The intermodal agreement between FIM ratings obtained by telephone interview and in-person assessment was examined using the intraclass correlation (ICC). FIM item scores were analyzed for agreement using the Kappa coefficient. The stability of the responses was determined by computing the coefficient of variation and plotting the data to visually examine the relationship between the two methods of administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data analysis revealed that there was no statistically significant difference (p > .05) between the two methods of administration for total FIM score. The total FIM ICC was .97. ICC values for FIM subscales ranged from .85 to .98, except for social cognition. Kappa scores for noncognitive items ranged from .49 (bowel movement) to .93 (grooming). The coefficient of variation computed to examine cognitive and communication items with reduced variability indicated good stability across all items.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicated good intermodal agreement for follow-up telephone assessment using the Functional Independence Measure. The findings were limited to persons with effective communication skills.
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Functional Assessment, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Illig
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Fiedler
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Ottenbacher
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Fielder
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012494:Sampling Studies; D013689:Telephone