title: CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBP beta) binds and activates while hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 (HNF-4) does not bind but represses the liver-type arginase promoter.
abstract: In an attempt to elucidate the mechanism governing liver-specific transcription of the arginase gene, we previously detected two protein-binding sites designated footprint areas A and B at positions around--90 and --55 bp, respectively, relative to the transcription start site of the rat arginase gene. Based on the finding that area A was bound by a liver-selective factor(s) related to CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP), we performed cotransfection assay and showed that C/EBP family members and a related factor, albumin D-element-binding protein (DBP) stimulate transcription from the arginase promoter. In addition to area A, a recombinant C/EBP beta protein bound to area B, which appeared to be primarily responsible for activation by C/EBPs. We unexpectedly found that the arginase promoter activity stimulated by C/EBPs and DBP was repressed by another liver-enriched transcription factor, hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 (HNF-4). Analysis of chimeras formed between the arginase promoter and the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase promoter allowed us to delimit the negative HNF-4-responsive element into the region overlapping with footprint area B. However, no apparent binding of HNF-4 was observed in this negative element. We speculate that HNF-4 is involved in fine regulation of the arginase gene in the liver or shutdown of the gene in nonhepatic tissues without direct binding to the promoter region.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takiguchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001119:Arginase / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D051557:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D051381:Rats; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051557:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4; C403128:MLX protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C501970:Tcfl4 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; D001119:Arginase