title: Reduction of human immunodeficiency virus production and cytopathic effects by inhibitors of the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter.
abstract: Infection of CD4+ T-lymphoblastoid cells by cytopathic strains of HIV-1 results in an increase in cell volume that leads to lysis and cell death. The increase in volume is attributable in part to an HIV-induced increase in intracellular monovalent ion concentrations mediated by the plasma membrane-associated Na+/K+/2 Cl- cotransporter. Loop diuretics, which inhibit cotransporter activity, blocked HIV-induced HIV production and cytopathic effects at physiologically employed concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Voss
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Gatti
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Fermin
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Garry
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D016923:Cell Death; D002460:Cell Line; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral / Q000187:drug effects; D005665:Furosemide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000378:metabolism; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D028021:Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D028021:Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters; D005665:Furosemide; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium