Intratumoral administration of carboplatin for treatment of squamous cell carcinomas of the nasal plane in cats.
OBJECTIVE
To develop a slow-release carboplatin formulation for intratumoral administration to cats.


METHODS
Preliminary study to analyze pharmacokinetic effects of purified sesame oil in the carboplatin formulation for intratumoral administration, and a second study to evaluate the efficacy and toxicosis of intratumoral administration of carboplatin in purified sesame oil.


METHODS
23 cats with squamous cell carcinomas of the nasal plane.


METHODS
Eight cats with advanced-stage tumors were submitted to intratumoral administration of 100 mg of carboplatin/m2 of body surface area, with or without purified sesame oil, using a two-period, cross-over design. Fifteen additional cats were treated by intratumoral administration of carboplatin in purified sesame oil. Four weekly intratumoral chemotherapy injections of carboplatin in purified sesame oil at a dosage of 1.5 mg/cm3 of tissue were given.


RESULTS
Purified sesame oil in the formulation significantly reduced systemic exposure to carboplatin and drug leakage from the sites of injection. Cumulative effects of repeated intratumoral administrations on plasma concentrations of carboplatin were not observed. Systemic toxicosis was not observed, and local toxicosis was minimal. Healing of ulcerated lesions was not compromised. Rates of complete clinical tumor clearance and complete response were 67 and 73.3%, respectively. Product-limit estimates of mean progression-free survival times was 16 +/- 3.3 months. The 1-year progression-free survival rate was 55.1 +/- 13%. Local recurrence was observed in 7 cats; 4 had marginal tumor recurrence, and 3 had in-field and marginal tumor recurrence.


CONCLUSIONS
Intratumoral carboplatin chemotherapy is safe and effective for cats with squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal plane. Future studies to improve treatment efficacy could include evaluation of increased dose-intensity as well as combination of this modality with radiotherapy.


CONCLUSIONS
Intratumoral administration of carboplatin in a water-sesame-oil emulsion was found to be a practical and effective new treatment for facial squamous cell carcinomas in cats.
Théon
A P
AP
Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
VanVechten
M K
MK
Madewell
B R
BR
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy; D002415:Cats; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D012715:Sesame Oil / Q000494:pharmacology; D015996:Survival Rate
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D012715:Sesame Oil; D016190:Carboplatin