title: The fetus with gastroschisis: impact of route of delivery and prenatal ultrasonography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was (1) to assess the influence of delivery route on neonatal outcome in fetuses with gastroschisis and (2) to correlate ultrasonographic appearance of fetal bowel with immediate postnatal outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven cases (1986 to 1994) were reviewed; three abortions and two stillbirths were excluded. Ultrasonographic appearance of fetal bowel (small bowel dilatation > 10 mm) was evaluated in 27 cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-six infants (61.9%) were delivered vaginally and 16 (38.1%) by cesarean section (11 elective, 5 in labor). Delivery route was not significantly associated with indicators of neonatal outcome (rate of primary closure, postoperative complications, days of parenteral nutrition, days to oral feeding, hospital days, or mortality). When ultrasonographic appearance of fetal bowel was correlated with outcome, fetuses with prenatally dilated bowel had significantly more bowel edema at birth (p=0.038), longer operative time (p=0.013), and higher overall rate of postoperative complications (p=0.037).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) Elective cesarean delivery does not improve neonatal outcome in infants with gastroschisis. (2) Abnormal ultrasonographic appearance of fetal bowel is associated with a more difficult repair and a higher overall incidence of postoperative complications.
authors.affiliation: Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33101, USA.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Adra
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Landy
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nahmias
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gómez-Marín
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology*; D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal