title: Macrophage activation syndrome in systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis successfully treated with cyclosporine.
abstract: A macrophage activation syndrome, possibly related to methotrexate toxicity, developed in a boy with systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Corticosteroid administration was ineffective, whereas a prompt response to cyclosporine was observed. Two months later, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia developed.
authors.affiliation: Clinica Pediatrica, Università di Pavia, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico S. Matteo, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ravelli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Benedetti
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Viola
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martini
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002648:Child; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000188:drug therapy; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D014295:Trimethoprim; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole; D008727:Methotrexate