title: Identification of novel Pax-2 binding sites by chromatin precipitation.
abstract: The Pax genes encode a family of developmental transcription factors that bind to specific DNA sequences via the paired domain and are necessary for the morphogenesis of a variety of tissues. The murine Pax-2 gene, through alternative splicing, encodes two nuclear proteins, Pax-2A and Pax-2B, which are transiently expressed during the differentiation of specific neural cell types and early kidney formation. In order to identify potential in vivo Pax-2 target sequences, chromatin from embryonic neural tube was immunoprecipitated with Pax-2 specific antibodies and cloned. Two unique immunoprecipitated clones containing three specific Pax-2 binding sites were identified by functional binding assays using Pax-2 proteins produced in both Escherichia coli and eukaryotic cells. In vitro DNA binding assays, using Pax-5 and Pax-8 DNA recognition sequences as well as the three immunopurified Pax-2 binding sites, demonstrated that both forms of the Pax-2 protein bind DNA with a similar specificity and that this binding is mediated by the paired domain. The binding sites identified in this report share significant homology among themselves and with previously defined consensus sequences for Pax-5 and Pax-2. The genomic clones can now be used as sequence tags to identify potential target loci.
authors.affiliation: NICMD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Phelps
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Dressler
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry; D051762:PAX2 Transcription Factor; D051757:PAX5 Transcription Factor; D000072636:PAX8 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D051762:PAX2 Transcription Factor; D051757:PAX5 Transcription Factor; D000072636:PAX8 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; C497319:Pax2 protein, mouse; C497282:Pax5 protein, mouse; C499496:Pax8 protein, mouse; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors