title: Physical aggression is associated with preservation of substantia nigra pars compacta in Alzheimer disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate specific neuropathologic correlates of agitation and physical aggression in Alzheimer disease (AD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Neuronal counts in the nucleus basalis, locus ceruleus, and substantia nigra were compared in the brains of patients with pathologically definite AD with or without histories of agitation or interpersonal violence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Alzheimer disease center of a university department of neurology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neuron densities in the nucleus basalis and absolute neuron counts in the locus ceruleus and substantia nigra pars compacta.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients with AD who had histories of unequivocal interpersonal violence had significantly greater neuron counts in the substantia nigra pars compacta than did the nonviolent patients with AD. This finding remained significant after multiple clinical and neuropathologic variables were adjusted for. Neuropathologic findings in the nucleus basalis and locus ceruleus were not different between violent and nonviolent patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preservation of pigmented substantia nigra neurons may be a risk factor for physical aggression in AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Victoroff
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zarow
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Mack
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chui
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000374:Aggression; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D001344:Autopsy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008125:Locus Coeruleus / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology*; D009847:Olivary Nucleus / Q000473:pathology; D009928:Organ Specificity; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000473:pathology*; D014754:Violence