title: Resection of primary tumor at diagnosis in stage IV-S neuroblastoma: does it affect the clinical course?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether resection of primary tumor has a favorable influence on outcome of infants (age 0 to 11 months) with stage IV-S neuroblastoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between March 1976 and December 1993, 97 infants with previously untreated neuroblastoma diagnosed in 21 Italian institutions were classified as having stage IV-S disease. Seventy percent were younger than 4 months. Adrenal was the primary tumor site in 64 of 85 patients with a recognizable primary tumor. Liver was the organ most often infiltrated by the tumor (82 patients), followed by bone marrow and skin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall survival (OS) rate at 5 years in 80% and event-free survival (EFS) rate 68%. In 24 infants, the effect of resection of primary tumor could not be evaluated because of rapidly fatal disease progression (n = 8), absence of a primary tumor (n = 12), or partial resection (n = 4). Of 73 assessable patients, 26 underwent primary tumor resection at diagnosis: one died of surgical complications, one relapsed locally and died, and two others relapsed (one of these two locally) and survived, for a 5-year OS rate of 92% and EFS rate of 84%. Of the remaining 47 patients who did not undergo primary tumor resection at diagnosis 11 suffered unfavorable events, of whom five died, for an OS rate of 89% and EFS rate of 75% (no significant difference from previous group). Disease recurred at the primary tumor site in only one five who died, and in only one of six survivors of progression or relapse; in these patients, the primary tumor, located in the mediastinum, was successfully resected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infants who underwent resection of the primary tumor at diagnosis had no better outcome than those in whom the decision was made not to operate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology-Oncology, Giannina Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guglielmi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: De Bernardi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Federici
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boglino
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Siracusa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leggio
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cozzi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cecchetto
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Musi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bardini
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fagnani
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Bartoli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pampaloni
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Conte
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Milanaccio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bruzzi
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies