title: Cisplatin and etoposide combination chemotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic thymoma. A phase II study of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thymomas are rare neoplasms of the mediastinum. The role of chemotherapy in advanced thymomas is not fully established.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Lung Cancer Cooperative Group, 16 patients with recurrent or metastatic malignant thymoma were entered over 6 years onto a study of combination chemotherapy that consisted of cisplatin 60 mg/m2 on day 1 and etoposide 120 mg/m2 on days 1, 2, and 3, every 3 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A median of six courses per patient was administered. Main side effects of treatment were leukopenia, nausea and vomiting, and alopecia. Five complete responses and four partial responses were obtained, with a median response duration of 3.4 years. The median progression-free survival and survival times were 2.2 years and 4.3 years, respectively, with a median follow-up duration of 7 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of cisplatin and etoposide is highly effective and well tolerated in advanced thymoma. The investigation of this combination in a neoadjuvant setting in unresectable invasive thymoma is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Free University Hospital, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giaccone
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ardizzoni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kirkpatrick
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clerico
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sahmoud
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: van Zandwijk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013945:Thymoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013953:Thymus Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D005047:Etoposide; D002945:Cisplatin