title: Early resuscitation with low-volume PolyDCLHb is effective in the treatment of shock induced by penetrating vascular injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the efficacy of an oxygen-carrying solution in early resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock induced by penetrating vascular injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental study with anesthetized rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Severe hemorrhagic shock was induced by a 25-gauge needle puncture to the infrarenal aorta. Forty animals were resuscitated 10 minutes after injury with either lactated Ringer's solution (LR; 60 mL/kg), 7.5% hypertonic saline (HTS; 5 mL/kg), or modified diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin (PolyDCLHb; 5 or 20 mL/kg) or were not resuscitated (NR) and followed for 6 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total blood loss was similar in all treatment groups. Mean arterial pressure was restored to baseline values, base deficit was corrected to base excess, and venous oxygen saturation improved with PolyDCLHb and more slowly with LR but persisted below baseline values with HTS and NR. The 6-hour mortality rates were zero of eight (low-dose PolyDCLHb), three of eight (high-dose PolyDCLHb), two of eight (LR), six of eight (HTS), and six of eight (NR).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early resuscitation with low-volume hemoglobin is effective in restoring tissue perfusion and improving survival in uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, F. Edward Hèbert School of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leppäniemi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Soltero
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Burris
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pikoulis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ratigan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Waasdorp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hufnagel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Malcolm
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000293:injuries; D001158:Arteries / Q000293:injuries*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000379:methods*; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; C083478:diaspirin-cross-linked hemoglobin; D001241:Aspirin