title: NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase of Vibrio alginolyticus: purification, properties, and reconstitution of the Na+ pump.
abstract: The Na+-activated NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase of Vibrio alginolyticus was extracted from the membranes with lauryldimethylamine-N-oxide and purified by two successive anion exchange columns. This preparation, yielding four major and several minor stained bands after SDS-PAGE, retained the NADH-dehydrogenase activity (with menadione as an artificial electron acceptor) and ubiquinone-1 (Q) reductase activity. On further fractionation of the enzyme, the Q-reductase activity essentially disappeared. Chemical analyses revealed the presence of FAD but not FMN, of non-heme iron and of acid-labile sulfur and tightly-bound ubiquinone-8 in the purified Q-reductase preparation. The participation of an iron-sulfur cluster of the [2Fe-2S] type in the electron translocation was demonstrated by the appearance of a typical EPR signal for this prosthetic group after the reduction of Q-reductase with NADH. A strong EPR signal typical for a radical observed upon reduction of the enzyme might arise from the formation of quinone radicals. In the absence of Na+, the path of the electrons apparently ends with the reduction of ubiquinone-1 to the semiquinone derivative which in the presence of O2 becomes reoxidized with concomitant formation of superoxide radicals. In the presence of Na+, these oxygen radicals are not formed and the semiquinone is further reduced to the quinol derivative. These results indicate that the Na+-dependent step in the electron transfer catalyzed by NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase is the reduction of ubisemiquinone to ubiquinol. After reconstitution of the purified Q-reductase into proteoliposomes, NADH oxidation by ubiquinone-1 was coupled to Na+ transport with an apparent stoichiometry of 0.5 Na+ per NADH oxidized. The transport was stimulated by valinomycin (+ K+) or by the uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP). The transport of Na+ is therefore a primary event and does not involve the intermediate formation of a proton gradient.
authors.affiliation: Mikrobiologisches Institut, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, ETH-Zentrum, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: X D
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Pfenninger-Li
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Albracht
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van Belzen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dimroth
mesh_terms: D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D002384:Catalysis; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D004579:Electron Transport; D042967:Electron Transport Complex I; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide / Q000378:metabolism; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D011510:Proteolipids; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014733:Vibrio / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D011510:Proteolipids; C020485:proteoliposomes; D013481:Superoxides; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; D042967:Electron Transport Complex I; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase