title: Halitosis.
abstract: Although halitosis is generally thought of as a social handicap related to poor oral hygiene or disease of the oral cavity, it may also indicate a serious systemic illness that requires diagnosis and treatment. Halitosis can be the result of pathologic or nonpathologic factors, both local systemic. A complete physical examination, with laboratory and radiographic studies as indicated by the history and physical examination, will generally identify a treatable cause for halitosis. Treatment is directed at the underlying cause. Simple measures, including careful oral hygiene, may be employed to lessen breath odor.
authors.affiliation: University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Replogle
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Beebe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000150:complications; D006209:Halitosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008487:Medical History Taking; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000150:complications; D009910:Oral Hygiene