title: Short-term fluoride release/uptake of glass ionomer restoratives.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The short-term fluoride release/uptake of four glass ionomer restoratives was measured and compared to the fluoride release after exposure to three commercial fluoride gels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Materials tested were: 1) Ketac-Fil (ESPE GmbH); 2) Ketac-Silver (ESPE GmbH); 3) Photac-Fil (ESPE GmbH); and 4) Fuji II LC (GC Corp.). Twenty discs of each material were fabricated and stored in deionized water at 37 degrees C. Initial fluoride release was measured at 24 h intervals for 7 d, and 24 h intervals at the end of each week for 5 wk. After 6 wk, samples were divided into groups and each group was treated for 6 min with one of the following commercial fluoride gels: acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF), neutral sodium fluoride (NaF), and stannous fluoride (SnF2). Control specimens were placed in deionized water. After exposure, fluoride measurements were carried out at 24 h intervals for 7 d, and 24 h intervals at the end of 2 wk. Fluoride exposure was repeated, and measurements were again recorded over 3 wk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initial fluoride release by all materials was highest during the first 24 h and decreased sharply over the first week. After exposure to APF, fluoride release increased significantly for all materials. Exposure to NaF also resulted in increased fluoride release for all materials although it was not as high as the increase recorded after exposure to APF. Exposure to SnF2 did not result in significant fluoride release by any material.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that certain fluoride gels may replenish fluoride within some glass ionomers and thus prolong their cariostatic potential.
authors.affiliation: University of Iowa, College of Dentistry, Iowa City, USA.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Diaz-Arnold
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Wistrom
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Swift
mesh_terms: D000149:Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride / Q000737:chemistry; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D016722:Cermet Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis*; D005782:Gels; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D008298:Maleates / Q000737:chemistry; D012117:Resins, Synthetic / Q000737:chemistry; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D016722:Cermet Cements; C079765:Fuji II LC cement; D005782:Gels; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D008298:Maleates; C081144:Photac-Fil; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; D000149:Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride; C040964:Ketac-Fil; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D005459:Fluorides