title: Progesterone induces Ca++-dependent 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate increase in human sperm.
abstract: Progesterone (P) has been reported to modulate numerous sperm functions through the binding of P to plasma membrane. One of the effects is an increase in sperm hyperactivation, which is known to be cAMP-dependent. To evaluate the effect of P on cAMP levels, human spermatozoa were incubated 2 h with increasing P concentrations. P significantly induced cAMP increase in a dose-dependent manner, reaching a 3-fold increase at 100 micromol/L (P < 0.01). During the study of the kinetics of P effect, two cAMP peaks were observed: one occurring after a 30-min incubation, with a 1.5-fold increase (P < 0.05), and the second one after a 120-min incubation, with a 2.5-fold increase (P < 0.01). These effects of P on cAMP levels correlated with significant rises in the percentage of hyperactivated spermatozoa, occurring at the same times as those of cAMP. To evaluate the Ca++-dependence of these P effects, the experiments were performed in the presence of and in the absence of Ca++ in the incubation medium. The effects of P at the 30th min and the 120th min were completely abolished in the absence of Ca++. Moreover, calcium ionophore A23187, after a 30-min incubation, induced an increase in cAMP levels identical to that obtained with P. The effect of P was partially reproduced by gamma-amino-butiric acid (GABA) and inhibited by GABA antagonist picrotoxin. It was also inhibited by tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein but not by RU486. Based on these findings, we conclude that P induces Ca++-dependent cAMP increase in human sperm, that this effect is likely caused by the influx of Ca++ (previously reported), and that the effect partially involves GABA(A)-like receptors.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Fécondation in Vitro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire La Grave, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parinaud
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Milhet
mesh_terms: D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D058787:GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; D019833:Genistein; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D015735:Mifepristone / Q000494:pharmacology; D010852:Picrotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012016:Reference Values; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000001:Calcimycin; D002118:Calcium; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D058787:GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; D019833:Genistein; D007529:Isoflavones; D015735:Mifepristone; D010852:Picrotoxin; D011374:Progesterone; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid