title: Prospective evaluation of a chamomile mouthwash for prevention of 5-FU-induced oral mucositis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stomatitis has been found to be a major dose-limiting toxicity from bolus 5-fluorouracil-based (5-FU) chemotherapy regimens, despite the use of oral cryotherapy. Pursuant to preliminary data which suggested that a chamomile mouthwash might ameliorate this toxicity, a prospective trial was developed to test chamomile in this situation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Phase III, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was designed. Patients were entered into the study at the time of their first cycle of 5-FU-based chemotherapy. All patients received oral cryotherapy for 30 minutes with each dose of 5-FU. In addition, each patient was randomized to receive a chamomile or placebo mouthwash thrice daily for 14 days. Stomatitis scores were determined by health care providers and by patients themselves.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 164 evaluable and well-stratified patients equally randomized to both treatment groups. There was no suggestion of any stomatitis difference between patients randomized to either protocol arm. There was also no suggestion of toxicity. Subset analysis did reveal unsuspected differential effects between males and females that could not be explained by reasons other than chance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The resultant data from this clinical trial did not support the prestudy hypothesis that chamomile could decrease 5-FU-induced stomatitis.
authors.affiliation: Nebraska Oncology Group, Creighton University, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fidler
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Loprinzi
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: O'Fallon
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Leitch
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Novotny
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Clemens-Schutjer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bartel
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Michalak
mesh_terms: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020843:Chamomile; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D005419:Flavonoids; D009067:Mouthwashes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D005472:Fluorouracil