title: The requirement for and mobilization of calcium during induction by sodium ascorbate and by hydrogen peroxide of cell death.
abstract: The requirement for and mobilization of Ca2+ ions during induction of cell death by sodium ascorbate were compared with those during induction of cell death by hydrogen peroxide. When HL-60 cells were incubated with sodium ascorbate, a rapid increase in the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ ions and subsequent apoptotic cell death, characterized by cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation and cleavage of internucleosomal DNA to yield fragments that were multiples of 180-200 base pairs, were induced. However, these effects of sodium ascorbate were significantly reduced in Ca2+-depleted medium. By contrast, hydrogen peroxide induced similar apoptosis associated phenomena in the presence and in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ ions. The intracellular concentration of the reduced form of glutathione was not significantly affected and glutathione disulfide was undetectable during the early stages of apoptosis. These data suggest that sodium ascorbate and hydrogen peroxide initiate cell death by different mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakagami
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kuribayashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shiota
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Momose
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeda
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016257:Fura-2; D018922:HL-60 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D002118:Calcium; D016257:Fura-2