title: Cyclosporine in severe interstitial cystitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cyclosporine is a widely used immunosuppressive drug in organ transplantation and recently it has been used in several autoimmune disorders with good results. Because interstitial cystitis may have an autoimmune etiology, we wished to determine whether cyclosporine has any effect on symptoms in patients with severe interstitial cystitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 11 patients, who fulfilled the criteria for interstitial cystitis according to an international accrual form, received cyclosporine for 3 to 6 months at an initial dose of 2.5 to 5 mg./kg. daily and a maintenance dose of 1.5 to 3 mg./kg. daily. Blood pressure, serum creatinine and cyclosporine concentrations were monitored regularly. The patients completed frequency-volume charts at 2-week intervals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency-volume charts showed favorable effects. Micturition frequency decreased (p<0.01), and mean and maximum voided volumes increased significantly (p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively). Bladder pain decreased or disappeared in 10 patients, allowing for storage of large urine volumes. Serum creatinine did not change with the dosages used. Mild hypertension occurred in 2 patients and resolved after the cyclosporine dose was lowered. After cessation of treatment symptoms recurred in the majority of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings revive the concept of interstitial cystitis as an autoimmune disease.
authors.affiliation: Fourth Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Forsell
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruutu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Isoniemi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ahonen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Alfthan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine