title: Antimüllerian hormone as a serum marker of granulosa cell tumorsof the ovary: comparative study with serum alpha-inhibin and estradiol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to evaluate serum antimüllerian hormone as a marker for granulosa cell tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum antimüllerian hormone concentrations were determined in 16 patients with an adult-type granulosa cell tumor; in female patients with ovarian adenocarcinoma, benign ovarian cysts, or extraovarian cancers; and in normal premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Serum antimüllerian hormone, alpha-inhibin, and estradiol levels were compared in 10 patients with a granulosa cell tumor during 6 to 47 months of follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum antimüllerian hormone was undetectable in normal postmenopausal women and was <5 micrograms/L in premenopausal women. Normal serum levels were found in patients with ovarian cancers or cysts or with extraovarian cancers. Levels were between 6.8 and 117.9 microg/L in eight of nine patients with a progressive granulosa cell tumor. In the remaining case antimüllerian hormone, alpha-inhibin and estradiol concentrations were normal. Serum antimüllerian hormone and alpha-inhibin levels became elevated at least 11 months before the recurrence was clinically detectable. During clinical remission serum antimullerian hormone, beta-inhibin, and estradiol were normal in most cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum antimüllerian hormone is a sensitive, specific, reliable marker of adult-type granulosa cell tumors and is useful to evaluate the efficacy of treatment and to detect recurrences early.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montrouge, France.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lhommé
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marcillac
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lahlou
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Duvillard
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Josso
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bidart
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006106:Granulosa Cell Tumor / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007265:Inhibins; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010455:Peptides / Q000097:blood*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013735:Testicular Hormones / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D010455:Peptides; D013735:Testicular Hormones; C094377:inhibin-alpha subunit; D004958:Estradiol; D007265:Inhibins; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone