title: Role for p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in platelet aggregation caused by collagen or a thromboxane analogue.
abstract: p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was identified in platelets on the basis of (a) its reactivity with antibodies to C-terminal and N-terminal peptides, and (b) its ability to activate MAPK-activated protein kinase-2, which phosphorylates the small heat shock protein, hsp27. p38 MAPK was activated in platelets by collagen fibers, a collagen-related cross-linked peptide, thrombin, or the thromboxane analogue U46619. A highly specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK, a pyridinyl imidazole known as SB203580, inhibited the platelet enzyme in vitro (IC50 approximately 0.5 microM). At similar concentrations it also inhibited agonist-stimulated phosphorylation of hsp27 in platelets, and platelet aggregation and secretion induced by minimal aggregatory concentrations of collagen or U46619, but not thrombin. Inhibition of aggregation was overcome by increasing agonist dose. SB203580 might act by inhibiting thromboxane generation, but this was only inhibited by 10-20% at low agonist concentrations. p38 MAPK provides a crucial signal, which is necessary for aggregation caused by minimal concentrations of collagen fibers or U46619. Thrombin or high doses of these agonists generate signals that bypass the enzyme, or render the enzyme no longer rate-limiting.
authors.affiliation: Cytokine Laboratory, Department of Development and Signalling, The Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge CB2 4AT, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saklatvala
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rawlinson
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Waller
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarsfield
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Farndale
mesh_terms: D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D003094:Collagen / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011450:Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013931:Thromboxanes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D007093:Imidazoles; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D011450:Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic; D011725:Pyridines; D013931:Thromboxanes; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; D003094:Collagen; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093642:SB 203580