title: A cephalometric evaluation of the dental and facial-skeletal effects using the Bionator with stepwise protrusive activations.
abstract: A study was conducted to ascertain dental effects of step-wise mandibular advancement with Bionator therapy. A sample of 24 girls in the age group of 9 to 12 years having Class II Division 1 malocclusion was well matched for age, severity of malocclusion and craniofacial morphology. The sample was divided into three groups. Eight girls underwent step-wise mandibular advancement in three stages, while eight were treated with single step advancement. Eight girls acted as control who did not undergo any treatment. The total treatment/observation period was 9 months. The cephalometric analysis revealed that the progressive mandibular advancement enhances favorable facio-skeletal changes, more so in the mandible. The sagittal correction was predominantly of skeletal type with step-wise advancement, while with single step advancement it was due to both skeletal and dental changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Sidhu
authors.forename: O P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Kharbanda
mesh_terms: D000202:Activator Appliances; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D008334:Mandible / Q000502:physiology; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000379:methods*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014716:Vertical Dimension