Quantitative analysis of antibody to hepatitis C virus envelope 2 glycoprotein in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
The significance of circulating antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope glycoprotein 2 (E2)/nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) glycoprotein was studied in 83 patients with chronic HCV infection diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). E2/NS1 antibody was quantitatively examined by a passive hemagglutination test using recombinant E2/NS1 glycoprotein encompassing amino acids 388 to 664 of the HCV-H strain. The results were correlated with clinical and virological features such as genotypes and viremic levels assessed by a competitive reverse-transcription PCR assay. E2/NS1 antibody was found in 73 patients (88%), and its occurrence was related to viremic levels. E2/NS1 antibody titers were low in asymptomatic HCV carriers with low levels of viral replication; 9 of 17 such patients tested positive for E2/NS1 antibody (53%), compared with 64 of 66 chronic hepatitis C patients (97%) (P < .01). A significant direct relationship was observed between viremic levels and E2/NS1 antibody titers (r = .52, P < .01). Of the 13 patients with low viremic levels of < 10(6) copies/mL, only 5 tested positive for E2/NS1 antibody (38%), whereas 68 of the 70 patients with viremic levels of > or = 10(6) copies/mL had it (97%) (P < .01). As for the relation to HCV genotypes, no difference was seen in E2/NS1 antibody titers among genotypes examined (1b, 2a, and 2b). These findings suggest that the E2/NS1 antibody tested exhibits no neutralizing activity in chronic HCV infection but may serve as a serological indicator of active virus replication.
Yuki
N
N
First Department of Medicine, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan.
Hayashi
N
N
Kasahara
A
A
Hagiwara
H
H
Mita
E
E
Ohkawa
K
K
Katayama
K
K
Fusamoto
H
H
Kamada
T
T
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001483:Base Sequence; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006386:Hemagglutination Tests; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D014766:Viremia / Q000276:immunology
D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C091015:glycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virus