title: Two embryonal cancers after in vitro fertilization.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In vitro fertilization is not considered to be associated with an increased rate of pediatric malignancies, and only three have been reported in the literature. Two additional rare pediatric tumors in children conceived through this technique are reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two children 12 and 18 months of age, developed hepatoblastoma and clear cell sarcoma of the kidney, respectively. They were both products of uneventful pregnancies induced by in vitro fertilization. No other environmental, prenatal, or family factor was found.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The first child died after a failed remission induction with cisplatin, doxorubicin, and vincristine, whereas the second child is alive with no evidence of disease 18 months after diagnosis and treatment according to NWTS protocol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A possible association between in vitro fertilization and pediatric malignancies is suggested.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toren
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sharon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mandel
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kenet
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaplinsky
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dor
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rechavi
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D018197:Hepatoblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D002945:Cisplatin