Clinical and morphological features of cases of trisomy 13 in acute non-lymphocytic leukemia.
Trisomy 13 has been infrequently reported as a primary non-random karyotypic change in myeloid leukemias. To elucidate its clinical significance we examined the clinical and hematological data in nine ANLL patients in whom we found this change, in a series of 175 cytogenetically abnormal ANLL patients. Morphologically, six of the patients were FAB-M1, two were FAB-M4 and one was FAB-M5. Bone marrow aspirates contained more than 90% blasts in eight of the patients. By immunophenotype, TdT was present in four of the patients, CD34 was present in four of five patients tested and CD5 was present in one of five patients tested. Blast cells in all patients expressed two or more myeloid surface antigens. These data suggest the proliferation of an immature myeloid cell in these patients. Complete remission was achieved in seven patients; however, remissions were short-lived. Eight patients expired between 1 and 13 months from diagnosis (median survival 5 months). Combining our findings with data in the published literature on trisomy 13 in ANLL, a larger data set consisting of 29 patients was established to determine better the clinical significance of this cytogenetic entity in ANLL. We found that this cytogenetic change has been reported in all subsets of FAB classification excepting M6 and M7. Median age at presentation was 60 years and no association with gender was noted. Median WBC was 29.5 x 10(9)/l, the majority of patients were thrombocytopenic (median platelet count 86 x 10(9)/l) and median survival was 5.2 months. This study associates trisomy 13 with malignant transformation of myeloid progenitor cells. These patients respond well to induction therapy, but relapse occurs quickly and the survival duration is poor.
Soni
M
M
Department of Laboratories, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.
Brody
J
J
Allen
S L
SL
Schulman
P
P
Kolitz
J
J
Rai
K
K
Broome
J D
JD
Koduru
P R
PR
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002882:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007621:Karyotyping; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014314:Trisomy
D015703:Antigens, CD; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens