title: Outcome of restorative perineal graciloplasty with simultaneous excision of the anus and rectum for cancer. A ten-year experience with 81 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the complications, survival, and long-term functional outcome of patients with anorectal cancer who had restorative perineal graciloplasty (RPG) simultaneously with abdominoperineal resection (APR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1985 and 1994, 81 patients underwent APR plus RPG. Gracilis muscles were then conditioned by electrostimulation, either intermittently or chronically. Thirtyseven surviving patients were followed for a mean of 78.6 months and were analyzed for long-term functional outcome of RPG.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperative complications occurred in 30 patients (37 percent). Crude five-year survival rate was 58 percent, and five-year estimated cumulative probability of survival was 65 percent. There was no statistically significant difference for probability of survival and for probability of disease-free interval between uncomplicated and complicated patients. Fecal continence was obtained in 90 percent of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RPG does not reduce the effectiveness of APR in the cure of cancer. Postoperative complications, though frequent, were not serious and resolved without sequelae. There was no statistically significant impact on the probability of survival and of disease-free interval by graciloplasty. Continence was achieved by most patients (90 percent) who underwent RPG simultaneously with APR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pisa Medical School, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cavina
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000637:transplantation*; D010502:Perineum / Q000294:innervation / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013848:Thigh / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome