title: Lidocaine attenuates the hypotensive and inflammatory responses to endotoxemia in rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effects of lidocaine on the hemodynamic and inflammatory responses to Escherichia coli endotoxemia in rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, controlled experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven female Japanese rabbits, anesthetized with urethane and ventilated mechanically.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animals were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a) endotoxemic control group (n = 9), receiving intravenous Escherichia coli endotoxin (0.5 mg/kg bolus) via the mesenteric vein; b) laparotomy control group (n = 9), treated identically to the endotoxemic control group, except for substitution of 0.9% saline for endotoxin; and c) lidocaine-treated group (n = 9), treated identically to the endotoxemic controls and additionally, intravenous lidocaine (3 mg/kg bolus, followed by infusion at 2 mg/kg/hr) was administered immediately after endotoxin
  
  
  RESULTS
  We compared hemodynamics, blood gases, and microscopic findings of lung tissue obtained at necropsy in each group. Laparotomy alone had a minimal effect on the parameters and findings. Endotoxin injection decreased mean systolic arterial pressure from 135 +/- 6 (SD) to 95 +/- 25 mm Hg (p < .05) and increased the mean base deficit from -1.2 +/- 1.8 to -14.4 +/- 4.2 mmol/L (p < .05), and caused the infiltration of neutrophils into the lungs. Lidocaine administration abolished the hypotension and attenuated the increase the base deficit to -9.5 +/- 2.1 mmol/L (p < .05) and the cellular infiltration in comparison with endotoxemic controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lidocaine attenuated the hemodynamic and inflammatory responses to endotoxemia in rabbits. Findings suggest that lidocaine administration may prevent the development of hypotension and metabolic acidosis during endotoxemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Kanazawa University, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakanuma
mesh_terms: D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000097:blood*; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D007022:Hypotension / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007813:Laparotomy; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D013997:Time Factors; D014115:Toxemia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D004731:Endotoxins; D008012:Lidocaine