title: Effects of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and naproxen sodium (naproxen) on ovulation, prostaglandin, and progesterone production in the rabbit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and naproxen sodium (naproxen) on ovulation, ovarian prostaglandins (PG), and P production in the rabbit via in vivo and in vitro studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Aspirin and naproxen were administered i.v. 6.5 and 7 hours, respectively, after hCG administration to New Zealand White adult female rabbits. Laparotomy was performed 24 hours after hCG administration. For in vitro experiments, control animals underwent laparotomy 6.5 (aspirin) and 7 hours (naproxen) after hCG administration. The treated animal received aspirin and naproxen; laparotomy was performed 1 hour later. One ovary was perfused for 6 hours with aspirin or naproxen whereas the contralateral ovary served as a control and was perfused with control medium (M199; GIBCO, Grand Island, New York). Perfusate samples were collected at 1-hour intervals for PG and P determination.
  
  
  METHODS
  A conventional laboratory setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vivo experiments used i.v. administration of 100 mg/kg aspirin and 10 and 50 mg/kg naproxen. In vitro perfusion was also carried out with 100 micrograms/mL aspirin and 10 and 50 micrograms/mL naproxen added to the perfusate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ovulatory efficiency (no. of ovulations/no mature follicles) and ovarian vein PG and P concentration were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ovulatory efficiency was 88% for control, 41% for in vivo aspirin-treated, and 40% (10 mg/kg) and 0% (50 mg/kg) for naproxen-treated rabbits. Aspirin and naproxen were associated with decreased ovulatory efficiency when administered in vitro to both in vivo control and in vivo treated ovaries (control-medium = 70%; control-aspirin = 14%; aspirin-medium = 34%; aspirin-aspirin = 0%; control-naproxen = 25%; naproxen-medium = 38%; naproxen = 0% with 10 microgram/mL, and control-naproxen = 13%; naproxen-medium = 0%; naproxen = 0% with 50 micrograms/mL). Prostaglandin F2 alpha was undetectable in the perfusate of those ovaries perfused of those ovaries perfused either with aspirin or naproxen. Ovarian venous concentration of P in the perfusate was similar in all groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aspirin and naproxen significantly reduced ovulatory efficiency and PG production both in vivo and in vitro in hCG-treated rabbits. A critical period of 6.5 and 7 hours after hCG administration was established.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zanagnolo
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Dharmarajan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Wallach
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D009288:Naproxen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010060:Ovulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D011453:Prostaglandins; D011374:Progesterone; D009288:Naproxen; D015237:Dinoprost; D001241:Aspirin