title: Local Pseudomonas instillation induces contralateral lung injury and plasma cytokines.
abstract: We investigated whether local bacterial instillation leads to lung injury in noninstilled lung regions and examined local and systemic cytokine accumulation. Rats were challenged by intrabroncheal instillation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 10(7) colony-forming units (CFU) (HD group, n = 11), 4 x 10(6) CFU (LD group, n = 10), or saline (control group, n = 12). 99mTc-labeled macroaggregated albumin was added to the P. aeruginosa or saline solution for later documentation of the instilled area. At 4 h the right lung, including instilled segment, and the left lung were sampled. Lung injury was assessed by lung tissue to plasma 125I-labeled albumin (T/P) and lung wet-dry (W/D) ratios. We measured plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC). HD bacterial instillation induced neutrophil recruitment and TNF and CINC elevation in BALF (p < 0.05) associated with increased T/P (p < 0.005) and W/D (p < 0.05) ratios in both instilled and the noninstilled lungs as compared with the saline-instilled and noninstilled controls. LD bacterial instillation induced neutrophil recruitment and TNF and CINC elevation only in the instilled lung (p < 0.05), and not in the noninstilled lung, and did not increase the T/P or W/D ratio. Plasma levels of TNF and CINC were increased in the HD, but not the LD, group when compared with the saline controls (p < 0.05). These data indicate that, when the dose is high enough to cause an excess inflammatory response, local bacterial instillation leads to neutrophil sequestration, lung injury, and cytokine elevation in the noninstilled lung associated with systemic cytokine release.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terashima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sakamaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Waki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Soejima
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tasaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sayama
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishizaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D015633:Extravascular Lung Water / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D005856:Germ-Free Life; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D018375:Neutrophil Activation; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D009929:Organ Size; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013668:Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D012709:Serum Albumin; D013668:Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D012965:Sodium Chloride