title: The effects of corticosteroids of adenoviral replication.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of Pred Forte (prednisolone acetate; Allergan Pharmaceutical, Irvine, Calif) on the replication of different adenoviral serotypes in vitro and in the adenovirus type 5/New Zealand rabbit ocular model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 50% inhibitory doses of Pred Forte and its components were determined for common ocular serotypes. The effects of continuous topical treatment with Pred Forte for 18 days were evaluated (eg, conjunctivitis, subepithelial immune infiltrates, and serial ocular viral titers) in the adenovirus 5/New Zealand rabbit ocular model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pred Forte and prednisolone acetate inhibited adenoviruses 1, 5, 8, and 19 in vitro. In vivo, 1% Pred Forte significantly reduced conjunctivitis (P = .04) and subepithelial infiltrates (P = .02), but enhanced viral replication (P = .01) on days 9 to 21 and increased the duration of viral shedding (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anti-immune effects, prolonged treatment of acute adenoviral infections with topical Pred Forte is not recommended because of the enhanced risks of viral transmission and community epidemics.
authors.affiliation: Campbell Laboratory for Infectious Eye Diseases, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pa, USA.
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Romanowski
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Roba
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wiley
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Araullo-Cruz
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Gordon
mesh_terms: D000257:Adenoviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003236:Conjunctivitis, Viral / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004848:Epithelium / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011817:Rabbits; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*; D017201:Virus Shedding / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; C009935:prednisolone acetate; D011239:Prednisolone