title: Selective blockade of cholecystokinin type B receptors with L-365,260 does not impair gallbladder contraction in normal humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of selective blockade of type B cholecystokinin receptors on gall bladder contraction in normal humans and to compare methods for quantitative analysis of gall bladder contraction.
  
  
  METHODS
  L-365,260, a novel, nonpeptide cholecystokinin antagonist shown to be selective for type B cholecystokinin receptors, was administered every 6 h over a 5-7 day period. Plasma levels of L-365,260 were determined by high pressure liquid chromatography. Gallbladder contraction after a standardized fatty meal was measured by ultrasonography, and results were calculated by ellipsoid or sum of cylinders methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  L-365,260 levels were comparable to levels in earlier studies demonstrating inhibition of pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion in normal subjects and blockade of anxiogenic effects of cholecystokinin injections in patients with panic disorder. Regardless of the method used for estimating gallbladder size, none of the L-365,260 doses studied inhibited gallbladder contraction. Gallbladder size was most consistently estimated by the ellipsoid method using measurements normalized to individual values for minimum and maximum gallbladder dimensions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multiple oral doses of L-365,260 do not alter ultrasonographically assessed gallbladder contraction at doses shown to be clinically effective in earlier studies. Despite being more difficult to implement, the sum of cylinders method for estimating gall bladder size offers no advantage over the ellipsoid method.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, New Brunswick USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grasing
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Freedholm
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Swigar
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Russer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nosher
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Frame
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Seibold
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001570:Benzodiazepinones / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016473:Gallbladder Emptying / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011949:Receptors, Cholecystokinin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000187:drug effects; D012016:Reference Values; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D001570:Benzodiazepinones; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011949:Receptors, Cholecystokinin; C058121:L 365260