title: Nitric oxide attenuates vascular smooth muscle cell activation by interferon-gamma. The role of constitutive NF-kappa B activity.
abstract: Atherogenesis involves cellular immune responses and altered vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) function. Cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1 alpha and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) may contribute to this process by activating SMC. To determine whether the anti-atherogenic mediator, nitric oxide (.NO), can modulate cytokine-induced SMC activation, we investigated the effects of various .NO-generating compounds on the expression of intercellular and vascular cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1). Induction of ICAM-1 expression by IL-1 alpha and VCAM-1 expression by IFN-gamma was attenuated by .NO donors but not by cGMP analogues. Nuclear run-on assays and transfection studies using various VCAM-1 promoter constructs linked to the chloramphenicol acetyl-transferase reporter gene showed that .NO repressed IFN-gamma-induced VCAM-1 gene transcription, in part, through inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B). Electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that SMC possess basal constitutive NF-kappa B activity, which was augmented by treatment with IL-1 alpha. In contrast, IFN-gamma induced and activated interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-1 but had little effect on basal constitutive NF-kappa B activity. .NO donors had no inhibitory effect on IRF-1 activation but did inhibit basal and IL-1 alpha-stimulated NF-kappa B activation. These findings suggest that the induction of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression requires NF-kappa B activation and that .NO attenuates IFN-gamma-induced VCAM-1 expression primarily by inhibiting basal constitutive NF-kappa B activity in SMC.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Caterina
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Libby
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D001011:Aorta; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008981:Molsidomine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012501:Saphenous Vein; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014162:Transfection; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D009599:Nitroprusside; D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C002385:linsidomine; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D008981:Molsidomine; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase