title: Serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels of soluble adhesion molecules in multiple sclerosis: predominant intrathecal release of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1.
abstract: Activated cerebral vascular endothelial cells express leukocyte, vascular cell, and intracellular adhesion molecules (E-selectin, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1) which facilitate leukocyte adhesion to endothelium and migration into inflammatory lesions. Paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of soluble (s) E-selectin, sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 were determined by ELISA in patients with clinically definite MS in relapse, and patients with other inflammatory (IND) and non-inflammatory neurological disease (NIND). CSF levels of sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 were significantly increased in MS patients compared to IND and NIND patients. Elevation of CSF sVCAM-1 in MS patients was the most marked finding (P = 0.0001) and an increased sVCAM-1 index indicated that this was due to intrathecal release of sVCAM-1. There were no differences in serum and CSF sE-selectin levels between the study groups. Measurement of the sVCAM-1 index may provide a marker of disease activity in patients with clinically definite MS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Droogan
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: McMillan
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Douglas
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hawkins
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D043025:Oligoclonal Bands; D012995:Solubility; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019040:E-Selectin; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D043025:Oligoclonal Bands; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1