title: Inhibitory effects of d-limonene on the development of colonic aberrant crypt foci induced by azoxymethane in F344 rats.
abstract: The modifying effect of the monoterpenoid d-limonene in drinking water on the development of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) was investigated in male F344 rats. The effects of d-limonene intake on ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and on the silver stained nucleolar organizer region protein (AgNOR) count in the colonic mucosa were also estimated. Animals were given 3 weeks s.c. injections of AOM (15 mg/kg body wt) to induce ACF. These rats were treated with or without 0.5% d-limonene in the drinking water, starting 1 week before the first dosing with AOM. All rats were killed 2 weeks after the last AOM injection, to measure the number of ACF, ODC activity and AgNOR count/nucleus in the colon. In rats given AOM and d-limonene the frequencies of ACF and aberrant crypts/colon, and aberrant crypts/focus were significantly decreased compared with those of rats given AOM alone (P < 0.01, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001 respectively). Number of AgNOR counts/nucleus of rats treated with AOM and d-limonene was significantly smaller than that of rats treated with AOM alone (P < 0.001). These results suggest that the monoterpenoid d-limonene might be a chemopreventive agent for colonic carcinogenesis in rats.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Pathology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawamori
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001397:Azoxymethane; D002273:Carcinogens; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D004326:Drinking; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D000077222:Limonene; D008297:Male; D009697:Nucleolus Organizer Region / Q000187:drug effects; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase / Q000032:analysis; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D002273:Carcinogens; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D013729:Terpenes; D000077222:Limonene; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase; D001397:Azoxymethane