title: Evaluation of interleukin-2 administered by continuous infusion in patients with metastatic melanoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been used widely in the treatment of advanced melanoma, most often using a high dose bolus schedule of administration. We have evaluated the antitumor activity and toxicity of IL-2 when administered by a continuous infusion schedule in patients with metastatic melanoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three patients with metastatic melanoma were treated with IL-2 using the maximum tolerated dose level of 12 x 10(6) IU/m2 as a continuous infusion over 24 hours x 4d/week for 4 weeks every 6 weeks. All patients but one had previously received and failed chemotherapy and had evidence of progressive disease. They were required to have normal organ functions and a performance status of 0 to 1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed 1 complete response and 6 partial responses among 31 evaluable patients for a response rate of 22% (95%, confidence interval; 10% to 41%). The median response duration was 6 months, with a range of 4 to 18 months. The toxicity of IL-2 was severe but manageable on the general inpatient ward. One patient died of hepatic necrosis that was probably related to IL-2. Five patients required dose reduction of IL-2 due to toxicity in the form of hepatic or renal insufficiency, which was rapidly reversible.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-2, used as a continuous infusion at a dose level of 12 x 10(6) IU/m2/day, 4 times every week for 4 weeks, has activity against metastatic melanoma similar to that reported with high dose IL-2 given in a bolus schedule.
authors.affiliation: Department of Melanoma/Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Legha
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gianan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Plager
authors.forename: O E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Eton
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Papadopoulous
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary; D008875:Middle Aged; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2