title: Dose-response relationship between urinary cadmium concentration and beta2-microglobulinuria using logistic regression analysis.
abstract: Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the dose-response relationship for environmental cadmium exposure and to consider the effect age had on this association. The target population comprised 3178 inhabitants of Japan who were more than 50 y of age and who lived in a cadmium-polluted area and 1134 inhabitants who lived in nonpolluted areas of Japan. Logistic regression analysis was completed on the dose-response relationship between urinary cadmium concentration (i.e., an indicator of cadmium body burden) and beta2-microglobulinuria (i.e., an index of renal tubular dysfunction caused by exposure to cadmium). Both age and urinary cadmium concentration were associated significantly with beta2-microglobulinuria. Based on the relationship that was determined, we calculated, by age and sex, the values of urinary cadmium concentration that corresponded to the prevalence rates of beta2-microglobulinuria in the nonpolluted population. The resulting values were 1.6-3.0 micrograms/g creatinine for men and 2.3-4.6 micrograms/g creatinine for women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene, Chiba University School of Medicine, Inohana, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nogawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Turitani
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002104:Cadmium / Q000652:urine*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; D002104:Cadmium