title: Epidemiologic study of decubital ulcers in sows.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine prevalence and risk factors for decubital ulcers of the shoulder in sows.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  All females of breeding age in a large confinement swine facility.
  
  
  METHODS
  1,916 females were examined for lesions of the skin over the tuber of the spine of the scapula and for body condition scoring. Observational data were combined with sow data (parity, date of farrowing, litter size) contained in computerized records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Decubital ulcers were observed in 8.3% of females, predominantly lactating sows. Ulcer prevalence was strongly associated with time after farrowing. Lesions apparently healed rapidly after weaning. Ulcer prevalence was associated with low body condition scores, but was not associated with parity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Decubital ulcers are a multifactorial condition. Housing on concrete floors per se did not result in ulcers. Prolonged recumbency during parturition, reduced activity in early lactation, periparturient illness, thin body condition, moist skin, and floor type are potential risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Animal and Equine Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27606, USA.
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deen
mesh_terms: D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010865:Pilot Projects; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*