title: Ryanodine receptor/calcium release channel conformations as reflected in the different effects of propranolol on its ryanodine binding and channel activity.
abstract: 1. Propranolol, a beta-blocker, inhibited or stimulated ryanodine binding to both the membrane-bound and purified ryanodine receptor (RyR) depending on the assay conditions. At high NaCl concentrations, propranolol increased the number of ryanodine-binding sites (Bmax) with no effect on the binding affinity. In the presence of 0.2 M NaCl, ryanodine binding was inhibited by propranolol. Half-maximal inhibition was obtained at 1.2 mM and complete inhibition at 2 mM propranolol. The inhibitory effect of propranolol obtained at low NaCl concentration was not restored by increasing the NaCl concentration to 1 M. 2. Modulators of the RyR that are known to alter its conformational states, such as adenine nucleotides, Ca2+ concentration and pH, modified the effect of propranolol on ryanodine binding. In the presence of propranolol and at low NaCl concentrations, ryanodine binding was inhibited and showed no Ca(2+)-, pH-, or time-dependence. 3. Propranolol immediately and completely blocked the channel opening of RyR reconstituted into a planar lipid bilayer. Propranolol-modified non-active channel was reactivated to a subconductive state (about 40% of the control conductance) by ATP. 4. Competition experiments between lidocaine (a stimulatory drug) or tetracaine (an inhibitory drug) and propranolol at 0.2 or 1.0 M NaCl, respectively, suggest the existence of different interaction sites for local anaesthetics and propranolol. 5. These results suggest that propranolol interacts directly with the RyR and modifies its ryanodine binding and single-channel activities. Propranolol effects are altered by the RyR conformational state, suggesting its possible use as a conformational probe for RyR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zchut
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shoshan-Barmatz
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011487:Protein Conformation / Q000187:drug effects; D011817:Rabbits; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000378:metabolism; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D012965:Sodium Chloride
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D015220:Calcium Channels; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D012433:Ryanodine; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D011433:Propranolol