title: Role of area postrema in transgene hypertension.
abstract: Transgenic [Tg(+)] rats carrying the mouse Ren-2d gene [(mRen-2d)27] are a newly established monogenetic form of experimental hypertension. To determine whether the area postrema contributes to the development of hypertension in mRen-2 Tg(+) rats, this circumventricular organ in the fourth ventricle was removed from 5-week-old Tg(+) rats. From weeks 4 through 9, systolic blood pressure was measured weekly by tail-cuff plethysmography in area postrema-lesioned and sham-lesioned Tg(+) rats. Although systolic blood pressure rose markedly in sham-lesioned Tg(+) rats, the increase in systolic blood pressure was significantly attenuated in area postrema-lesioned Tg(+) rats. At 9 weeks of age, a femoral artery was cannulated for the measurement of arterial pressure in awake rats. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) in area postrema-lesioned Tg(+) rats was significantly (P < .01) lower than that in sham-lesioned rats: 171 +/- 7 and 132.+/- 5 mm Hg, respectively. Baroreceptor reflex was evaluated by intravenous infusion of sodium nitroprusside. There was no significant difference in baroreceptor reflex sensitivity between the two groups. Intravenous pentolinium (5 mg/kg), used to produce sympathetic ganglionic block, caused significant decreases in MAP in both groups. However, the reduction of MAP in the sham-lesioned group was significantly (P < .05) greater than that in the area postrema-lesioned group: -73 +/- 4 and -48 +/- 6 mm Hg, respectively. The ratio of left ventricular weight to body weight in sham-lesioned Tg(+) rats was significantly larger than that of area postrema-lesioned rats. These results suggest that ablation of the area postrema markedly attenuates the development of hypertension in mRen-2d Tg(+) rats, and this attenuation may be attributed to decrease in sympathetic outflow.
authors.affiliation: Hypertension Center, Division of Surgical Sciences, The Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1032, USA.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Averill
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ganten
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ferrario
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D017704:Baroreflex; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001835:Body Weight; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats