title: Mammaglobin, a mammary-specific member of the uteroglobin gene family, is overexpressed in human breast cancer.
abstract: In this report, we describe a novel cDNA isolated from a primary human breast adenocarcinoma and differentially expressed in several breast carcinoma cell lines. The protein encoded by this cDNA, which we have named mammaglobin, is homologous to a family of secreted proteins that includes rat prostatic steroid-binding protein subunit C3, human Clara cell 10-kilodalton protein, and rabbit uteroglobin. Expression of the mammaglobin gene is restricted to the adult mammary gland. More significantly, in an analysis of 35 breast tumor biopsies, mammaglobin mRNA levels were increased at least 10-fold relative to normal breast tissue in 23% of cases. The breast-specific expression of this potentially secreted protein and its frequent overexpression in primary human breast tumors suggest that mammaglobin may be a novel marker for the management of breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Fleming
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000727:Androgen-Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001706:Biopsy; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D001940:Breast / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002460:Cell Line; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D060785:Mammaglobin A; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D049488:Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism; D060789:Prostatein; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D060765:Secretoglobins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014598:Uteroglobin / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D060788:Mammaglobin B
chemical_list: D000727:Androgen-Binding Protein; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D060785:Mammaglobin A; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D049488:Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein; D060789:Prostatein; D011506:Proteins; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D060765:Secretoglobins; D014598:Uteroglobin; C511482:PEBP1 protein, human; C556389:SCGB1A1 protein, human; C556448:SCGB2A2 protein, human; C556391:Scgb1a1 protein, rat; C511484:Scgb1d2 protein, rat; C511483:Scgb1d4 protein, rat; C556468:Scgb2a1 protein, rat; D060788:Mammaglobin B