title: [Transvenous closure of persistent ductus arteriosus with an Ivalon plug].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess a new transvenous transcatheter method of closing a persistent ductus arteriosus, combining advantages of the Porstmann and Rashkind techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients (three men, two women, mean age 36.2 [19-56] years) underwent the procedure. The diameter of the duct was 3-6 mm. A compressed ivalon (poly-vinyl-alcohol) foam plug, introduced and held by a modified biopsy forceps, was placed into the duct via a percutaneously and transvenously placed catheter sheath. Small titanium legs attached to the plug at the aortic and pulmonary ends unfolded once the plug was correctly placed, ensuring safe fixation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Closure was achieved in all five patients and no shunt demonstrated immediately afterwards in four. In one patient a small shunt briefly persisted but was not longer present the day after. One patient had a fever of up to 39 degrees C for several weeks that required no treatment and was thought to have been a foreign body reaction. Follow-up examination after 5-19 months confirmed complete closure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The described method appears to be safe and superior to the Porstmann and Rashkind techniques, but the results must be tested on a larger number of patients with longer follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Kardiologische Klinik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fassbender
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seggewiss
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gleichmann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D011145:Polyvinyls