title: Prevalence of esophageal disorders in patients with chest pain newly referred to the cardiologist.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The prevalence of esophageal disorders (dysmotility and/or gastroesophageal reflux) in patients with chest pain newly referred to a cardiologic clinic is unknown. The aims of our study were to investigate the prevalence of esophageal abnormalities in these patients and to assess the value of medical history in predicting the origin of the patient's chest pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 28 consecutive patients who were newly referred to the cardiologist because of angina-like chest pain. Patients with evidence of severe myocardial ischemia were excluded. Cardiologic evaluation included medical history, physical examination, ECG, and exercise testing; further cardiologic workup was carried out only when considered necessary. Gastroenterologic evaluation consisted of medical history, esophageal manometry, endoscopy, and 24-h ambulatory monitoring of esophageal pH and pressure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In five patients a diagnosis of ischemic coronary artery disease was made. In only two of these five patients, the cardiologic history strongly suggested a cardiac origin of the pain. Twelve patients had a pathologic 24-h pH profile, four of whom also had reflux esophagitis. Ten patients had symptomatic reflux. In only three of these ten patients, the history was judged to be indicative of an esophageal origin of the chest pain. No motility disorders were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thirty-six percent of the patients with chest pain newly referred to a cardiologic out-patient clinic have symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux. Neither cardiologic nor gastroenterologic history data have a high predictive value with respect to the origin of the chest pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Voskuil
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cramer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Breumelhof
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Timmer
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Smout
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002309:Cardiology; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D004935:Esophageal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D004942:Esophagitis, Peptic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012017:Referral and Consultation