title: Seminoma discovered in two males undergoing successful testicular sperm extraction for intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe two cases with testicular seminoma incidentally discovered at the time of successful testicular sperm extraction for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)>
  
  
  METHODS
  Report of two cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care academic center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two males with nonobstructive azoospermia with history of cryptorchidism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Testicular biopsy combined with ICSI; orchiectomy with radiotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From two couples and in three different cycles, 17 of 55 (31%) metaphase II oocytes fertilized after microinjection. Eleven of these fertilized oocytes cleaved normally and all 11 were replaced. One twin pregnancy was established and was delivered successfully later. In both cases, a seminoma was discovered at the time of testicular biopsy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At the time of testicular biopsy for ICSI, a specimen for histopathology must be sent to exclude the presence of seminoma in males with nonobstructive azoospermia with a history of cryptorchidism. The effectiveness of testicular sperm extraction in combination with ICSI also has been demonstrated even against the background of testicular tumor.
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital, Dutch-speaking Brussels Free University (Vrije Universiteit Brussels), Belgium.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Novero
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goossens
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tournaye
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Silber
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Van Steirteghem
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Devroey
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D003593:Cytoplasm; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011247:Pregnancy; D018239:Seminoma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D013094:Spermatozoa; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology*