title: Bleb-related endophthalmitis after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether filtering blebs resulting from adjunctive use of mitomycin C (MMC) leads to an increased risk of endophthalmitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of 232 consecutive trabeculectomies performed at the W. K. Kellogg Eye Center with adjunctive use of MMC from May 1990 through June 1993. Data obtained from the records included patient age, sex, race, type of glaucoma, site of filtration surgery, concentration and duration of exposure to MMC, presence of early or late bleb leakage, and the occurrence of endophthalmitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three patients were lost to follow-up less than 1 month after surgery. A total of 229 eyes of 192 patients (11 women and 82 men) were included in the study. Mean follow-up of patients remaining free of infection was 18.5 +/- 10.8 months (range, 1-44 months). The overall incidence of bleb-related endophthalmitis was 2.6%. Endophthalmitis developed in 8% of patients (4 or 50) in whom an inferior approach was used and in 1.1% (2 or 179) in whom a superior approach was used (P = 0.02, Fisher's exact test). The estimated odds ratio for the development of endophthalmitis after trabeculectomy with adjunctive MMC for inferior versus superior filtration sites was 7.7.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short-term follow-up of trabeculectomies performed with adjunctive use of MMC demonstrates an overall incidence of endophthalmitis comparable to filtrationprocedures performed with 5-fluorouracil or without antifibrotic agents. However, inferior trabeculectomy performed with adjunctive MMC carries a significantly increased risk of bleb-related endophthalmitis compared with filters performed superiorly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Maryland, Baltimore 21201, USA.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Higginbotham
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Musch
authors.forename: K O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Karp
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Lichter
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Bergstrom
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Skuta
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000382:microbiology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010030:Ostomy; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014130:Trabeculectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D016685:Mitomycin