title: Increased human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells induced by ethanol: potential immunopathogenic mechanisms.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that alcohol ingestion significantly increases human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated and infected with HIV-1 in vitro. Whether the increased replication of HIV-1 observed after alcohol ingestion was due to unknown factors released from the gastrointestinal tract during alcohol ingestion or to certain metabolites produced by intestinal flora that degraded alcohol was investigated. In addition, cellular mechanisms involved in the increased replication of HIV-1 after alcohol exposure were evaluated. Twelve healthy HIV-1-seronegative subjects abstained from alcoholic beverages for >10 days. Nine were infused with 500 mg/kg ethanol (7.5% at 20 ml/kg/h) in saline, whereas 3 were infused with saline alone. Compared with saline-infused subjects, ethanol-infused subjects' PBMC exhibited significantly increased replication of HIV-1 when infected in vitro, which was associated with increased inhibition of CD8+ T lymphocytes' function by alcohol.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bagasra
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Bachman
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jew
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tawadros
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cater
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boden
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Pomerantz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol