title: Inhibitory effect of 220-oxa-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell lines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Effective chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer is urgently needed. The aim of this study was to compare the anti-proliferative activity of a new vitamin D3 analogue, 22-oxa-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (22-oxa-calcitriol), on pancreatic cancer cells lines with that of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) with analysis of vitamin D receptor status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antiproliferative effects of both agents were compared using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method and by measuring the tumor size of xenograft inoculated into athymic mice. Vitamin D receptor contents by Scatchard analysis and mutational analysis of receptor complementary DNA were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vitro, 22-oxa-calcitriol and calcitriol markedly inhibited the proliferation (3 of 9 cell lines) and caused a G1 phase cell cycle arrest by appearance of numerous domes. In vivo, 22-oxa-calcitriol inhibited the growth of BxPC-3 xenografts more significantly than calcitriol without including hypercalcemia. Hs 766T, showing no response to either agent, had the second highest receptor contents with no abnormalities in its primary structure deduced by receptor complementary DNA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  22-oxa-calcitriol may provide a more useful tool for the chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer than calcitriol. Also, the susceptibility of the cell lines to both agents is not well determined by evaluating either the contents or the mutation of vitamin D receptor.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University, School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshizawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tokoo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kiyosawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nikaido
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furihata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D002117:Calcitriol; C051883:maxacalcitol