title: Effect of chronic intermittent intravenous insulin therapy on antihypertensive medication requirements in IDDM subjects with hypertension and nephropathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The prevalence of systemic hypertension is increased in patients with diabetes. In this prospective, randomized, crossover clinical trial, we assessed antihypertensive effects of chronic intermittent intravenous insulin therapy (CIIIT) on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects with hypertension and nephropathy by monitoring the amount of antihypertensive medication (AHM) required to maintain blood pressure (BP) < or = 140/90 mmHg.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a stabilization period, 26 hypertensive IDDM subjects were randomly assigned to a control or treatment phase for 3 months and then crossed over into the opposite phase for another 3 months. Addition of CIIIT during the treatment phase was the only procedural difference between the control and treatment phases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The AHM dosage requirements for maintenance of the baseline BP levels decreased significantly (46%; P < 0.0001) and linearly over time (P < 0.0058) during the treatment phase, while remaining essentially unchanged during the control phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that CIIIT markedly improves BP control, as evidenced by the significantly reduced AHM dosage requirements in subjects with IDDM and hypertension, possibly through an improvement in vascular reactivity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento 95817, USA.
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: E O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Grecu
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Prendergast
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Arcangeli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meisenheimer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D007328:Insulin