title: Shear bond strength of four commercial bonding systems to cp Ti.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of veneering composite to commercially pure titanium (cp Ti) using several different bonding systems and a post-cure heat treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four commercial bonding systems (Cesead, Kuraray; New Metacolor, Sun Medical; Silicaoater MD, Kulzer; Termoresin LC II, GC) were evaluated. Bonding was attempted with the opaque resin provided by each bonding system as well as with the New Metacolor opaque resin. New Metacolor resin composite was used for the veneering composite. Half of the specimens were subjected to a post-cure heat treatment at 100 degrees C for 30 min. The shear bond strengths were tested after aging the specimens in water at 37 degrees C for 1 d and also after thermocycling for 16.5 d (20,000 cycles).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Strong bonds, exceeding 20 MPa, were achieved with all of the bonding systems with the exception of Thermoresin LC II, which is designed for noble metals. Bond strengths were only increased by the post-cure heat treatment for the New Metacolor system. Thermocycling caused a significant reduction in bond strength for the New Metacolor adn the Thermoresin LC II systems. The use of the New Metacolor opaque resin produced increased bonding for the Silicoater MD and the opaque resin produced increased bonding for the Silicoater MD and the Cesead systems, but the effect was eliminated after thermocycling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Strong, durable bonds can be achieved between composite and sandblasted cp Ti, thus enhancing the usefulness of this metal for esthetic resin-veneered crowns and other fixed prosthetics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biomaterials and Technology, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fujishima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujishima
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ferracane
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002858:Chromium Alloys; D003188:Composite Resins; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods; D003738:Dental Cements; D003801:Dental Veneers; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates; D019279:Resin Cements; D012821:Silanes; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D002858:Chromium Alloys; D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; D008689:Methacrylates; D019279:Resin Cements; D012821:Silanes; C083619:thermoresin LC; C083618:new metacolor; C083620:cesead; C017492:methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; C031172:4-META resin; C057365:Dentacolor; D014025:Titanium