title: Tamoxifen antagonizes proliferation and invasion of estrogen receptor-negative metastatic follicular thyroid cancer cells via protein kinase C.
abstract: Tamoxifen inhibits invasion and growth of estrogen-receptor negative follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) cells in vitro and in vivo. To study the mechanisms involved, we documented the effects of tamoxifen and staurosporine on three metastatic FTC-cell lines. TPA (10 ng/ml) enhanced invasion and growth of FTC by 15% (P < 0.02). Tamoxifen (1.5 micromol/l) inhibited invasion of FTC133 by 36% (FTC236 30%; FTC238 32%; P < 0.01). TPA reversed the tamoxifen-mediated inhibition of invasion by 35% in FTC133 and 30% in FTC238 (P < 0.02). Staurosporine (10 ng/ml) inhibited invasion and growth of all FTC. At 0.1-1 ng/ml it enhanced the inhibitory effects of tamoxifen, but did not further inhibit invasion or growth at higher concentrations. We conclude that the antiproliferative and antiinvasive effects of tamoxifen on follicular thyroid cancer cells are at least partly mediated by an inhibition of protein kinase C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoelting
authors.forename: Q Y
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Duh
authors.forename: O H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herfarth
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000502:physiology*; D019311:Staurosporine; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D013629:Tamoxifen; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019311:Staurosporine; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate