title: Limited usefulness of electroconvulsive therapy in progressive supranuclear palsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform a pilot study of the efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in improving motor function in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Few effective treatments are available for PSP. Tricyclic antidepressants and idazoxan (which increases central norepinephrine) have shown benefits in small clinical trials, and dopaminergic therapy has been reported, anecdotally, to be beneficial. ECT exerts effects on all of these transmitter systems, possibly by inducing increased receptor sensitivity. We postulated that by sensitizing dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems, ECT might improve motor symptoms of PSP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients with clinically diagnosed PSP were evaluated before and after nine ECT treatments using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and an apomorphine challenge to assess dopaminergic responsiveness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No permanent side effects were seen. Transient side effects included confusion in all patients, worsening of speech and swallowing in two, and dystonic posturing of the foot in one. One patient experienced a dramatic response (going from a completely wheelchair-bound state to independent ambulation), two were mildly improved, and two were unchanged.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although ECT may ameliorate motor symptoms in PSP, the long hospitalization and the significant treatment-induced confusion limit the usefulness of this technique.
authors.affiliation: University of Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Barclay
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duff
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sandor
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Lang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001058:Apomorphine; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D004294:Domperidone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy; D005133:Eye Movements; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D013494:Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D004294:Domperidone; D001058:Apomorphine