title: Transgenic barley expressing a protein-engineered, thermostable (1,3-1,4)-beta-glucanase during germination.
abstract: The codon usage of a hybrid bacterial gene encoding a thermostable (1,3-1,4)-beta-glucanase was modified to match that of the barley (1,3-1,4)-beta-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene. Both the modified and unmodified bacterial genes were fused to a DNA segment encoding the barley high-pI alpha-amylase signal peptide downstream of the barley (1,3-1,4)-beta-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene promoter. When introduced into barley aleurone protoplasts, the bacterial gene with adapted codon usage directed synthesis of heat stable (1,3-1,4)-beta-glucanase, whereas activity of the heterologous enzyme was not detectable when protoplasts were transfected with the unmodified gene. In a different expression plasmid, the codon modified bacterial gene was cloned downstream of the barley high-pI alpha-amylase gene promoter and signal peptide coding region. This expression cassette was introduced into immature barley embryos together with plasmids carrying the bar and the uidA genes. Green, fertile plants were regenerated and approximately 75% of grains harvested from primary transformants synthesized thermostable (1,3-1,4)-beta-glucanase during germination. All three trans genes were detected in 17 progenies from a homozygous T1 plant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 10, Copenhagen, Valby, Denmark.
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kops
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: von Wettstein
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D017343:Genes, Plant; D018525:Germination; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D001467:Hordeum / Q000196:embryology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011487:Protein Conformation; D015202:Protein Engineering; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D013696:Temperature; D014170:Transformation, Genetic
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D018744:DNA, Plant; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; C028020:licheninase