Biological relevance and consequences of chemical- or metal-induced DNA cross-linking.
A vast number of chemicals are known to induce mutagenesis and/or carcinogenesis in mammals. Although disruption of cellular nuclear material resulting ultimately in mutagenesis/carcinogenesis can be accomplished by various mechanisms, the search for biomarkers of chemical-induced toxicity continues. This review focuses on the ability of certain metals or chemicals to bind to DNA in a cross-link fashion in whole animal as well as under in vitro conditions. The methodologies currently used to determine DNA cross-linking are described. The biological relevance of the presence of chemical- or metal-induced DNA cross-linking as a measure of carcinogenesis in humans is still under debate, as there is no clear correlation between the disease and the DNA cross-link reaction.
Paustenbach
D J
DJ
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Finley
B L
BL
Kacew
S
S
D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008670:Metals / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D009153:Mutagens / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
D002273:Carcinogens; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D008670:Metals; D009153:Mutagens; D011506:Proteins; D004247:DNA