title: Polymerase chain reaction-based assessment after macrofilaricidal therapy in Onchocerca volvulus infection.
abstract: A recently developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay is significantly more sensitive than current methods for diagnosing Onchocerca volvulus infection, and it overcomes many difficulties in identifying active onchocerciasis. Since chemotherapy is widely used to treat onchocerciasis, the utility of PCR in assessing responses to treatment and in predicting recrudescence is important. Twenty-eight patients who had skin snips positive for microfilariae (Mf) were studied 120 days after receiving amocarzine, when each was negative for Mf: 16 (57%) were positive for O. volvulus DNA in the PCR-based assay. Of these, 14 (88%) were Mf positive when reassessed parasitologically on day 240, and all were Mf positive on day 365. Equally important was the finding that 12 patients had cleared both Mf and Mf DNA; only 1 was Mf positive at day 240. This suggest that the PCR-based assay provides a sensitive means assessing infection status after macrofilaricidal chemotherapy and is an early predictor of persons likely to have a recurrence of Mf.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Nutman
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Parredes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kubofcik
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Guderian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004484:Ecuador; D005369:Filaricides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017181:Onchocerca volvulus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009855:Onchocerciasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012008:Recurrence; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D018509:DNA, Helminth; D005369:Filaricides; D010879:Piperazines; C051744:amocarzine