title: Left atrial appendage blood flow determined by transesophageal echocardiography in patients with complete atrioventricular block.
abstract: Function of the left atrial appendage (LAA) represented by LAA outflow is an important predictor for thrombus formation in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation, but the pattern of LAA flow in patients with complete atrioventricular (AV) block has rarely been studied. Twenty-one patients with complete AV block and an implanted VVI or VVIR pacemaker were studied with transesophageal echocardiography. The LAA outflow velocity obtained during the ventricular diastolic phase was significantly higher than that obtained during the ventricular systolic phase (41.5 +/- 6.0 vs. 34.9 +/- 9.7 cm/s; p < 0.001). The LAA inflow velocity obtained during the ventricular diastolic phase was also significantly higher that that obtained during the ventricular systolic phase (29.9 +/- 7.8 vs. 26.4 +/- 5.3 cm/s; p < 0.01). In addition, the LAA outflow and inflow velocity time integrals during the ventricular diastolic phase were significantly higher than those during the ventricular systolic phase (4.66 +/- 0.96 vs. 4.08 +/- 1.05 cm, p < 0.01, and 2.81 +/- 0.77 vs. 2.56 +/- 0.65 cm, p < 0.05, respectively). Thus, due to both diastolic augmentation of the LAA flow related to active atrial contraction and minor early diastolic LAA flow formation, left ventricle diastolic function might have some influence on LAA flow. Thus may have implications for the pathogenesis of LAA thrombi in left ventricular dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, ROC.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Y Z
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Tseng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016275:Atrial Function / Q000502:physiology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006327:Heart Block / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology