title: Phase II trial of 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, interferon-alpha-2a, and cisplatin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced esophageal carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Most patients with esophageal carcinoma present with locally advanced disease and a poor prognosis. Surgery or radiation provides palliation for locally advanced esophageal carcinoma. The role of neoadjuvant therapy remains to be defined. We administered neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin, interferon-alpha, and cisplatin to 11 patients with locally advanced disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven patients with squamous cell or adenocarcinoma of the esophagus were treated peroperatively with two to three cycles of combination chemotherapy. Nine patients underwent resection with curative intent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six patients received three cycles of chemotherapy, and five received two. Dose reduction was necessary for two patients. One patient achieved a pathologic complete response, histologically confirmed. Of the eleven patients, two did not undergo surgery because of progressive disease during chemotherapy. Seven of the 9 patients relapsed after surgery and 2 have been disease free for 27 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination 5-FU leucovorin, interferon-alpha-2a, and cisplatin administered in a neoadjuvant setting resulted in a median survival of 11.8 months with a median time to relapse of 7 months.
authors.affiliation: Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Temeck
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Liebmann
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Theodossiou
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Shawker
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Allegra
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: H I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Pass
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002955:Leucovorin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D002945:Cisplatin; D002955:Leucovorin; D005472:Fluorouracil