title: Tachykinins mediate the potentiation of antigen-induced bronchoconstriction by cold air in guinea pigs.
abstract: The role of tachykinins in the potentiation of antigen-evoked bronchoconstriction induced by inhalation of cold air was studied in guinea pigs. Cold air was delivered through a tracheal cannula to anesthetized, artificially ventilated guinea pigs sensitized with ovalbumin and pretreated with atropine (1.4 micromol/kg). Inhalation of cold air increased total pulmonary resistance (RL) in a time-dependent manner; inhalation of cold air for 10 or 15 minutes, but not for 5 minutes, produced a significant increase in RL. Aerosolized ovalbumin (5 breaths) increased RL in a dose-dependent manner (0.5% to 5%). Inhalation of cold air for 5 minutes significantly enhanced both the peak and the duration of the increase in RL induced by 0.5% ovalbumin. The tachykinin neurokinin 2-receptor antagonist, SR 48968 (0.3 micromol/kg intravenously) inhibited both the peak and the duration of the bronchoconstriction induced by 5-minute inhalation of cold air and ovalbumin (0.5%), whereas it did not affect the response to ovalbumin (0.5%) alone. These findings suggest that exposure to cold air potentiates the bronchoconstriction response to antigen and that this potentiation is mediated by tachykinin release from sensory nerves.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco 94143-0130, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshihara
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Geppetti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lindén
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nadel
mesh_terms: D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007114:Immunization; D008297:Male; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015320:Tachykinins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D015320:Tachykinins; D010047:Ovalbumin