title: Stimulation of luteinizing hormone beta gene promoter activity by the orphan nuclear receptor, steroidogenic factor-1.
abstract: The orphan nuclear receptor, steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1), is expressed in the pituitary and in the gonadotrope precursor cell line, alphaT3-1, where it is believed to enhance expression of the common gonadotropin alpha-subunit gene through transactivation of the gonadotrope-specific element (GSE). Sequence analysis of the rat luteinizing hormone beta-subunit (LH beta) gene promoter revealed the presence of a consensus GSE at -127 to -119 (TGACCTTGT). We have demonstrated the ability of SF-1 to bind specifically to this putative GSE sequence by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, utilizing both alphaT3-1 nuclear extracts and in vitro translated SF-1. In addition, mutation of the putative LHbeta-GSE (TGAAATTGT) eliminated specific DNA binding. To examine the ability of SF-1 to enhance LHbeta promoter activity, CV-1 cells, which lack endogenous SF-1, were cotransfected with an SF-1-containing expression vector and an LHbeta-luciferase reporter construct. When cotransfected with -209/+5 of the LHbeta promoter, SF-1 increased luciferase activity by 56-fold. SF-1 responsiveness was markedly diminished with loss of the putative GSE region in deletion constructs and in the presence of a two base pair mutation, analogous to the mutation which eliminated DNA binding. Finally, the LHbeta-GSE was able to confer SF-1 responsiveness on a heterologous minimal growth hormone promoter, GH50 (57-fold). We conclude that SF-1 both binds to and transactivates the rat LHbeta promoter. These data suggest that SF-1 may participate in the expression of the LHbeta gene by the gonadotrope.
authors.affiliation: Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Halvorson
authors.forename: U B
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Chin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D004247:DNA; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051717:Fushi Tarazu Transcription Factors; D000882:Haplorhini; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D054339:Steroidogenic Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051717:Fushi Tarazu Transcription Factors; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D054339:Steroidogenic Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; C515058:steroidogenic factor 1, mouse; C515060:steroidogenic factor 1, rat; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D004247:DNA