title: Human vitamin D receptor phosphorylation by casein kinase II at Ser-208 potentiates transcriptional activation.
abstract: The potential functional significance of human 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] receptor (hVDR) phosphorylation at Ser-208 was evaluated by cotransfecting COS-7 kidney cells with hVDR constructs and the catalytic subunit of human casein kinase 11 (CK-11). Under these conditions, hVDR is intensely phosphorylated in a reaction that depends on both CK-II and the presence of Ser-208. The resulting hyperphosphorylated receptor is unaltered in its kinetics for binding the 1,25(OH)2D3 ligand, its partitioning into the nucleus, and its ability to associate with a vitamin D responsive element. Replacement of Ser-208 with glycine or alanine indicates that phosphorylation of hVDR at Ser-208 is not obligatory for 1,25(OH)2D3 action, but coexpression of wild-type hVDR and CK-11 elicits a dose-dependent enhancement of 1,25(OH)2D3-stimulated transcription of a vitamin D responsive element reporter construct. This enhancement by CK-II is abolished by mutating Ser-208 to glycine or alanine and does not occur with glucocorticoid receptor-mediated transcription. Therefore, phosphorylation of hVDR by CK-11 at Ser-208 specifically modulates its transcriptional capacity, suggesting that this covalent modification alters the conformation of VDR to potentiate its interaction with the machinery for DNA transcription.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, 85724, USA.
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Jurutka
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Haussler
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Whitfield
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Haussler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D047390:Casein Kinase II; D002460:Cell Line; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012694:Serine / Q000737:chemistry; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012694:Serine; D004247:DNA; D047390:Casein Kinase II; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases