title: Severe osteoporosis before and after lung transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Osteoporosis and/or fractures have been reported as a complication of kidney, heart, liver, bone marrow, and, most recently, lung transplantation (LTx). We measured bone mineral density (BMD) before and after LTx to determine the frequency and severity of preoperative and postoperative osteoporosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cross-sectional study of BMD in 100 patients with various diagnoses before (n = 55) and after (n = 45) LTx.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age-matched mean spine and femoral BMDs were severely depressed before and after LTx placing 45% of the pre-LTx and 73% of the post-LTx patients at or below the fracture threshold (2 SDs below the mean). As expected, patients with cystic fibrosis had lower (p < 0.05) mean spine and femoral BMD than patients with COPD or other lung diseases both before and after LTx. Nevertheless, considerable osteoporosis was present in the patients with COPD and other lung diseases before and after LTx. The best predictors of pre- and post-LTxZ scores were body mass index (r = 0.56 to 0.59, p < 0.001) and cumulative steroid dose/per kilogram (r = 0.49-0.51, p < 0.001), respectively. Osteoporosis has resulted in 3 symptomatic fractures before and 12 after LTx.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Osteoporosis appears to be widespread in patients with end-stage respiratory failure before LTx and LTx, while often life-saving, has an adverse impact on BMD. As patients live longer after LTx, osteoporosis-related fractures may compromise quality of life by causing pain and debilitation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599, USA.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Aris
authors.forename: I P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Neuringer
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Egan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ontjes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015519:Bone Density; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*