title: Cause and effect between concentration-dependent tissue damage and temporary cell proliferation in rat stomach mucosa by NaCl, a stomach tumor promoter.
abstract: This study was designed to test whether concentration or dose of NaCl was responsible for the initial tissue damage (after 1 min) and resulting temporary cell proliferation at 17 h in stomach mucosa of male F344 rats after gastric intubation of 0.65, 1.3, 2.6 and 3.7 M NaCl. Histological damage was studied by dual staining combining horseradish peroxidase-labeled Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin-II staining (HRP-GSA-II) and periodic acid cold thionin-Schiff reaction (PATS). Cell proliferation was studied by measuring replicative DNA synthesis with liquid scintillation counting and by BrdU staining. NaCl at the same overall dose of 0.8 g/kg body weight induced different degrees of response depending on the concentration. For 4 ml of 0.65 M NaCl, there was no tissue damage after 1 min nor any increase in replicative DNA synthesis after 17 h in the pyloric mucosa. Administration of 1.3 M NaCl (2 ml), 2.6 M NaCl (1 ml) and 3.7 M NaCl (0.7 ml) induced concentration-dependent damage of the surface mucous cell layer after 1 min and increased replicative DNA synthesis after 17 h (P<0.05). Concentration-dependent increase in replicative DNA synthesis at 17 h was also induced with the same volume (1 ml) of 1.3, 2.6, and 3.7 M NaCl, while a volume-dependent increase in replicative DNA synthesis at 17 h was induced with 0.4, 0.7 and 1 ml of 3.7 M NaCl. However, a greater increase in replicative DNA synthesis was always observed when using higher NaCl concentrations at the same dose. Liquid scintillation counting was well-correlated with BrdU staining. These results suggest that a high concentration of NaCl is responsible for the initial tissue damage and resulting temporary cell proliferation during stomach tumor promotion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Furihata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katsuyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D016196:S Phase; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D004247:DNA