title: Neurogenic modulation of urethral resistance in the guinea pig.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The resistance offered to urinary flow by the urethra is one of the factors determining the course of micturition. It was the aim of the present work to study the dependence of urethral resistance on the degree of relaxation of the urethra.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experiments were done in the guinea pig. Ten animals were used. In 5 animals saline was forced through the (unrelaxed) urethra at imposed flow rates in the range of 1.1 to 43.0 ml. per minute while the urethral pressure was measured. Second degree polynomials were fitted to the pressure/flow data. In the other 5 animals micturition contractions were evoked and pressure/flow plots were derived from the measured signals. A straight line was fitted to the lowest pressure values at each flow rate in these plots. These pressure values represent the most relaxed state of the urethra in these voidings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pressures measured in the unrelaxed urethra were much higher than the pressures measured during voiding in the same flow rate range, but the intercepts of the mathematical equations fitted to the pressure/flow data on the pressure axis were not significantly different in the 2 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The unrelaxed urethra has a much "steeper" pressure/flow characteristic than the relaxed urethra. However, the urethral closing pressure, that is, the intercept of the pressure/flow characteristic on the pressure axis, does not depend on the state of relaxation of the urethra.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Groen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Van Asselt
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Van Mastrigt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kranse
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bosch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000502:physiology; D014521:Urethra / Q000502:physiology*; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology*; D014563:Urodynamics