title: Supercritical fluid extraction of drugs in drug addict hair.
abstract: Opiates were extracted from sixteen hair samples of drug addicts using a supercritical fluid extraction method with supercritical carbon dioxide and a modifier solution of methanol-triethylamine-water (2:2:1, v/v). the concentrations, as determined by GC-MS, ranged from 1.22 to 21.73 (mean 7.60 ng/mg), 0.17 to 1.54 (mean 0.69 ng/mg) and 0.15 to 14.009 ng/mg hair (mean 3.78 ng/mg) for codeine, morphine and 6-monoacetylmorphine, respectively. The reproducibility of the total procedure had a relative standard deviation of 13%, 17% and 14% for codeine, morphine and 6-monoacetylmorphine, respectively. But this method, concentrations of 0.3, 0.2 and 0.1 ng/mg hair for codeine, morphine and 6-monoacetylmorphine, respectively, could be detected. Relative extraction recoveries were 61%, 53% and 96% for codeine, morphine and 6-monoacetylmorphine, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Médecine Légale, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cirimele
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kintz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Majdalani
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mangin
mesh_terms: D002186:Cannabinoids / Q000032:analysis; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D003042:Cocaine / Q000032:analysis; D003061:Codeine / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005021:Ethylamines; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D000432:Methanol; D009020:Morphine / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009022:Morphine Derivatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009294:Narcotics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012996:Solutions; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D002186:Cannabinoids; D005021:Ethylamines; D009022:Morphine Derivatives; D009294:Narcotics; D012996:Solutions; D014867:Water; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009020:Morphine; D003042:Cocaine; C026979:6-O-monoacetylmorphine; D003061:Codeine; C016162:triethylamine; D000432:Methanol