title: The Ras-GTPase-activating protein SH3 domain is required for Cdc2 activation and mos induction by oncogenic Ras in Xenopus oocytes independently of mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.
abstract: The Ras-GTPase-activating protein (RasGAP) is an important modulator of p21ras - dependent signal transduction in Xenopus oocytes and in mammalian cells. We investigated the role of the RasGAP SH3 domain in signal transduction with a monoclonal antibody against the SH3 domain of RasGaP. This antibody prevented the activation of the maturation-promoting factor complex (cyclin B-p34cdc2) by oncogenic Ras. The antibody appears to be specific because as little as 5 ng injected per oocyte reduced the level of Cdc2 activation by 50% whereas 100 ng of nonspecific immunoglobulin G did not affect Cdc2 activation. The antibody blocked the Cdc2 activation induced by oncogenic Ras but not that induced by progesterone, which acts independently of Ras. A peptide corresponding to positions 317 to 326 of a sequence in the SH3 domain of human RasGAP blocked Cdc2 activation, whereas a peptide corresponding to positions 273 to 305 of a sequence in the N-terminal moiety of the SH3 domain of RasGAP had no effect. The antibody did not block the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade (activation of MAPK/ERK kinase [MEK], MAP kinase, and S6 kinase p90rsk). Surprisingly, injection of the negative MAP kinase mutant protein ERK2 K52R (containing a K-to-R mutation at position 52) blocked the Cdc2 activation induced by oncogenic Ras as well as blocking the activation of MAP kinase. Thus, MAP kinase is also implicated in the regulation of Cdc2 activity. In this study, we further investigated the regulation of the synthesis of the c-mos oncogene product, which is necessary for the activation of Cdc2. We report that the synthesis of the c-mos oncogene product, which is necessary for the activation antibody to the SH3 domain of RasGAP and by injecting the negative MAP kinase mutant protein ERK2 K52R. These results suggest that oncogenic Ras activates two signaling mechanisms: the MAP kinase cascade and a signaling pathway implicating the SH3 domain of RasGAP. These mechanisms might control Mos protein expression implicated in Cdc2 activation.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche sur la Glande Thyroïde et la Régulation Hormonale, U96 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pomerance
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Thang
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tocque
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pierre
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016258:Genes, mos / Q000187:drug effects; D011905:Genes, ras / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017231:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mos / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014981:Xenopus; D020703:ras GTPase-Activating Proteins; D018909:src Homology Domains / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D020703:ras GTPase-Activating Proteins; D017231:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mos; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1