title: Dose-range and dose-frequency study of recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The IL-1Ra Arthritis Study Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To preliminarily evaluate the safety and efficacy of different dose levels and dosing frequencies of recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (rHuIL-1Ra) in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred seventy-five patients with active RA were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind trial of rHuIL-1Ra administered by subcutaneous injection. There were 9 treatment groups in the trial. During the initial 3-week treatment phase, patients were treated with 20, 70, or 200 mg rHuIL-1Ra, administered either once, 3 times, or 7 times per week, followed by a 4-week maintenance phase, during which all patients received the treatment-phase dose once per week. To maintain the blindness of the study, patients received daily injections of either rHulL-1Ra or placebo on the days rHuIL-1Ra was not administered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recombinant HuIL-1Ra was well tolerated. The most frequent adverse event was injection-site reactions, which were reported in 62% of patients and caused 8 patients (5%) to withdraw prematurely from the study. Five patients (3%) developed serious adverse reactions unrelated to dose or dosing frequency. Due to the lack of a placebo arm and to the multiple small treatment groups, a definitive statement regarding efficacy could not be made. However, by the end of the 3-week treatment phase, daily dosing appeared more effective than weekly dosing when assessed by the number of swollen joints, the investigator and patient assessments of disease activity, pain score, and C-reactive protein levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These preliminary data suggest that rHuIL-1Ra may be safely administered by subcutaneous injection to RA patients. The frequency of dosing appears to be important in determining clinical response, with daily administration providing the most benefit. A placebo-controlled trial is in progress to further assess the clinical usefulness and to better define appropriate doses of rHuIL-1Ra in patients with RA.
authors.affiliation: Synergen Inc., Boulder, Colorado, USA.
authors.forename: G V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Campion
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Lebsack
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lookabaugh
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Catalano
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins