title: [Philippe Pinel and the legendary "unchaining" at the Paris Bicêtre (1793) and Salpêtrière (1795) Hospitals. II: Historical background, allegorical descriptions discipline generated myths].
abstract: Part I of this article has described Pinels carrier upto the 1790ies. This second part concentrates of the actual events and the general historical backgrounds of the so-called "chain liberation." This--in our opinion--cannot be regarded as one singular act, but as symbol for a complex and multistage process. The very common conception of a selective act of "chain liberation" is very simplified and influenced by the "myth of Pinel, " built by the 19th century psychiatrists and historians. Nevertheless: a scientifically sophisticated biography founded on archives material is yet expected.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kohl
mesh_terms: D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric / Q000266:history; D006786:Hospitals, Urban / Q000266:history; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000266:history*; D009229:Mythology; D010297:Paris; D012149:Restraint, Physical
vernacular_title: Philippe Pinel und die legendäre "Kettenberfreiung" an den Pariser Hospitälern Bicêtre (1793) und Salpêtrière (1795). Teil II: Historische Hintergründe, allegorische Darstellungen und disziplingenetische Mythen.