title: Dynamics of virus versus host interaction in children with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
abstract: To investigate the dynamic interplay between human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) replication and the extent of immune destruction in HIV-1-infected children, virus burden in lymphoid tissues (LN) and peripheral blood was compared with changes in LN architecture and cytokine levels constitutively expressed in LN. In agreement with results of a preliminary study, the plasma HIV-1 RNA level correlated with the amount of provirus in LN. However, the level was also associated with a degree of destruction of lymphoid follicular architecture and an alteration of immune cytokine expression. Expression of interleukin (IL)-4 was higher in LN with higher virus replication. Reduction of plasma viremia was associated with an increase in IL-2 mRNA levels in LN. These findings suggest that measurable virus burden in the peripheral blood is not a simple reflection of viral replication in LN but is also influenced by the extent of progressive immune destruction.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institutes, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1928, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sei
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akiyoshi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Venzon
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Schwartzentruber
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Kopp
authors.forename: B U
authors.initials: BU
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Pizzo
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D015870:Gene Expression; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D011533:Proviruses; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014766:Viremia; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004279:DNA, Viral; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral