title: Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region in endoscopically obtained biopsy tissue: a useful predictor of nodal metastasis and prognosis in carcinoma of the stomach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) staining is a simple and economical technique for investigating proliferative activity. We examined AgNOR measured in biopsy specimens of carcinoma of the stomach in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region staining was done on 76 biopsy specimens and corresponding resected cancer tissues. All estimations were made at the invasive tumor margin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 76 cases, intratumoral heterogeneity of AgNOR count (more than 1.0 difference) between superficial and deep layers was recognized in six (7.9 percent) cases, all of which were advanced. In biopsy specimens, the AgNOR count ranged from 1.68 to 7.74 (mean, 3.79). A significant correlation was found between AgNOR counts of biopsied materials and those of resected specimens, both in early and advanced cases. Tumors with a high AgNOR count (greater than or equal to 3.79) were more likely to be of a larger size (p < 0.01), to have metastasized to lymph nodes (p < 0.01), and to be associated with a lower survival rate (p < 0.05) compared to tumors with low AgNOR counts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Estimating the AgNOR count in endoscopically biopsied specimens at the margin of invasive gastric carcinoma is useful for assessing nodal metastasis and clinical prognosis. These preoperative estimates may aid in tailoring the operative procedure and administrating adjuvant therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery II, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kakeji
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maehara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Orita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Emi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ichiyoshi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Korenaga
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimachi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D005773:Gastroscopy; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009697:Nucleolus Organizer Region / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016622:Silver Staining; D013270:Stomach / Q000473:pathology; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate