title: [A genetic and demographic study of Dagestan highland populations and migrants to the lowlands. The relationship between levels of consanguinity, homozygosity and physiologic sensitivity].
abstract: This is a continuation of a series of papers devoted to studying the genetic mechanisms of adaptation in migrants from isolated highland populations of Dagestan to new ecological conditions (lowlands). This paper describes the main results of studying the relationship between levels of inbreeding, homozygosity, and physiological sensitivity. Earlier, we found that decreased resistance to changing environmental factors in migrants to lowlands from the Dagestan highlands was connected with their high level of homozygosity. The data obtained allow us to assume that missing links in this chain of events include, in addition to parameters of inbreeding level, parameters of neurophysiological sensitivity, including absolute and differential sensitivity of various analyzers sensory systems, which are from 65 to 75% genetically determined. Migrants from highland auls (villages) to lowlands exhibited a decreased rate of sensomotor reactions in response to light and sound of various intensities, as well as decreased differential color sensitivity in the long-, medium-, and short-wave ranges of the spectrum, compared to highlanders. The results suggest the selective mortality of migrants from highlands to lowlands during adaptation to new conditions. Those migrants who dies were characterized by specific gene complexes that determined the characteristic features of expression of a number of interrelated polymorphic and quantitative traits. Thus, the high levels of homozygosity and inbreeding were accompanied by a greater neurophysiological sensitivity and lower indices of body weight and height.
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Bulaeva
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Pavlova
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Charukhilova
authors.forename: I E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Bodia
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Guseĭnov
authors.forename: S Kh
authors.initials: SKh
authors.lastname: Akhkuev
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000531:Altitude; D003241:Consanguinity; D003610:Dagestan; D003710:Demography; D004782:Environmental Health; D005260:Female; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014171:Transients and Migrants
vernacular_title: Genetiko-demograficheskoe issledovanie gorskikh populiatsiĭ Dagestana i migrantov iz nikh na ravninu. Vzaimosviaz' urovneĭ inbridinga, homozigotnosti i fiziologicheskoĭ sensitivnosti.