title: A cis-acting DNA element located between TATA box and transcription initiation site is critical in response to regulatory sequences in human angiotensinogen gene.
abstract: The promoter of the human angiotensinogen (hAG) gene functioned in its own core promoter context but not when replaced with simian virus 40 (SV40) core promoter, suggesting the presence of a transcriptionally important cis-acting sequence. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that a ubiquitously expressed nuclear factor, AGCF1, bound to AGCE1 (hAG core promoter element 1; positions -25 to -1) located between the TATA box and transcription initiation site. Substitution mutation in AGCE1 which disrupted AGCF1 binding affected the promoter activity more severely than a nonsense mutation of the hAG TATA sequences did. When AGCE1 was placed at the downstream of SV40 core promoter, the responsiveness to hAG upstream region was significantly restored. Furthermore, mutation and in vivo competition experiments suggested that AGCF1 acts as a critical regulator of hAG transcription by mediating the activity of the hAG upstream and downstream enhancer elements. DNase I footprinting and UV cross-linking analyses showed that AGCF1 with apparent molecular masses of 31, 33, and 43 kDa as the components protected the region from -26 to -9 which partially overlapped with the TATA box consensus sequences. These findings indicate that AGCE1 in addition to the TATA box plays a key role in mediating the hAG regulatory elements.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Biochemistry, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanai
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nibu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukamizu
mesh_terms: D000808:Angiotensinogen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D016385:TATA Box; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000808:Angiotensinogen; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase