Changes in susceptibility of Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Salmonella virchow to six antimicrobial agents in a Spanish hospital, 1980-1994.
To determine changes in the susceptibility patterns of Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Salmonella virchow over time, resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, gentamicin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and nalidixic acid was studied by the disk diffusion method in 1,024, 191, and 61 clinical isolates of these organisms, respectively. All isolates were recovered from 1980 to 1994 at a hospital in Madrid, Spain. Salmonella enteritidis isolates were less resistant (10.9%) than Salmonella typhimurium (43.5%) and Salmonella virchow (36.1%; p < 0.001). The incidence of resistance of Salmonella enteritidis to ampicillin increased from 2.7% during the period 1980-1982 to 15.6% during 1992-1994 (p < 0.001). The resistance of Salmonella typhimurium to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline increased from 15.2%, 7.6%, and 21.2% respectively in 1980-1982 to 73.3%, 46.7%, and 73.3% in 1992-1994 (p < 0.001). These marked increases in antimicrobial resistance suggest the need for public health interventions, several of which are discussed.
Ramos
J M
JM
Department of Medical Microbiology, Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain.
Alés
J M
JM
Cuenca-Estrella
M
M
Fernández-Roblas
R
R
Soriano
F
F
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects*; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000187:drug effects*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents