title: Forcep deliveries.
abstract: A historical review of the development of forceps and the refinements made that lend them to different clinical situations are presented. The proper settings for their use and the choice of instruments and methods of application for traction and rotation are discussed. The risks to mother and infant are considered. Following these general precepts should allow for continued safe usage in modern day obstetrics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, USA.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D001720:Birth Injuries / Q000209:etiology; D000075202:Contraindications; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009772:Obstetrical Forceps / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000145:classification; D011247:Pregnancy; D012399:Rotation; D014143:Traction