Pattern of glomerular disease in Saudi Arabia.
Clinical data and renal biopsy study of 186 adult patients found to have nephropathy and seen at the Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, over a 5-year period (1989 to 1994) were reviewed. Primary glomerular disease accounted for more than three fourths of all patients (79%), and the most common histological lesion was focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (40.8%) associated with a high incidence of hypertension (86.7%), nephrotic syndrome (61.7%), hematuria (48.8%), and renal impairment (33.3%). Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis was the second most common lesion (21.1%), followed by membreous glomerulonephritis (13.6%), immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) (13.6%), membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (9.5%), and minimal change disease (1.4%). Although not as common as in most other developed countries, IgAN is being increasingly recognized in Saudis. Lupus nephritis remained the commonest cause of secondary glomerulonephritis (48.5%), whereas amyloidosis was conspicuously absent. There is no evidence, at least in this series, that chronic infection such as hepatitis B virus infection has a major role in the development of glomerulonephritis.
Mitwalli
A H
AH
Department of Medicine and the College of Medicine Research Centre, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Al Wakeel
J S
JS
Al Mohaya
S S
SS
Malik
H G
HG
Abu-Aisha
H
H
Hassan
O S
OS
Akhtar
M
M
D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009393:Nephritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology