title: A comparison of performance in added-purpose occupations and rote exercise for dynamic standing balance in persons with hemiplegia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adding purpose to daily occupations to promote performance is a basic premise of occupational therapy. This study investigated the hypothesis that in persons with hemiplegia, two added-purpose occupations would elicit more exercise repetitions than a rote exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a counterbalanced order, 21 subjects with hemiplegia, aged 51 to 78 years, experienced all three conditions of a dynamic standing balance exercise that involved bending down, reaching, standing up, and extending the arm. One condition of added purpose involved the use of materials (small balls and target); a second added-purpose condition involved the subjects' imagination of the small balls. The third condition was the rote exercise without added purpose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A one-way analysis of variance for related measures indicated that the subjects performed significantly differently in each of the three conditions (p < .001). A Tukey multiple comparison test revealed that the subjects did significantly more exercise repetitions in the added-materials condition and in the imagery-based condition than in the rote exercise condition (p < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates how added purpose can enhance motor performance in persons with hemiplegia. Purpose may be effectively added to an exercise through the use of materials or imagery.
authors.affiliation: School of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: C Q
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Peterson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D009788:Occupational Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D013177:Sports; D013624:Taiwan