title: Universality Classes of Optimal Channel Networks
abstract: Energy minimization of both homogeneous and heterogeneous river networks shows that, over a range of parameter values, there are only three distinct universality classes. The exponents for all three classes of behavior are calculated.
authors.affiliation: A. Maritan, F. Colaiori, A. Flammini, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica della Materia, International School for Advanced Studies, I-34014 Grignano di Trieste and sezione INFN di Trieste, Italy. M. Cieplak, Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland. J. R. Banavar, Department of Physics and Center for Materials Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Davey Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maritan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Colaiori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flammini
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cieplak
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Banavar