title: The Malmö Food Study: the reproducibility of a novel diet history method and an extensive food frequency questionnaire.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the reproducibility of two diet assessment methods, an extensive quantitative food frequency questionnaire (method A) and a novel shorter quantitative food frequency questionnaire with a 14 day food record (method B).
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  General community.
  
  
  METHODS
  241 residents of the town of Malmö, aged between 50-69 years, 126 men and 115 women who completed the methods one year apart.
  
  
  METHODS
  Both diet methods were designed to cover the whole diet and portion sizes were estimated using a booklet with 120 photographs; method A comprised 250 items and method B combined a two-week food record measuring lunch and dinner meals and a shorter 130 item quantitative food frequency questionnaire for average consumption of foods, snacks and beverages during the past year;
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percent difference between estimated energy intake one year apart were for men 10.7% for method A and 0.2% for method B, corresponding values for women 13.7% and 1.1%. Method B showed a good agreement between measurements for energy-providing nutrients, micronutrients and major food groups, i.e. meat products, edible fats, milk, fish, fruits and vegetables with correlation coefficients between 0.70-0.90 for women. The percent difference of average intake of edible fat was about 10%. Average energy-adjusted Pearson's correlation coefficients were of the order of 0.50-0.80 for most nutrients including 14 fatty acids. The correlation for the ratio between polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids were about 0.70 for men and 0.80 for women;
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A modified diet history method combining a food record and a food frequency questionnaire shows good reproducibility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elmståhl
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gullberg
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Riboli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saracci
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lindgärde
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden