title: Mercury vapor release from dental amalgam in patients with symptoms allegedly caused by amalgam fillings.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine whether a group of patients with symptoms, self-related to their amalgam restorations, experienced an exposure to mercury vapor from their amalgam restorations that reached the range at which subtle symptoms have been reported in the literature. Furthermore, the aim was to determine whether the mercury exposure for these patients was significantly higher than for controls with no reported health complaints. The symptom group consisted of 10 consecutively selected patients from a larger group, referred by their physicians for investigation into any correlation between subjective symptoms and amalgam restorations. The control group consisted of 8 persons with no reported health complaints. The intra-oral release of mercury vapor was measured between 7:45 a.m. and 9:00 p.m. at intervals of 30-45 min, following a standardized schedule. The mercury levels in plasma, erythrocytes, and urine were also determined. The calculated daily uptake of inhaled mercury vapor, released from the amalgam restorations, was less than 5% of the daily uptake calculated at the lower concentration range given by the WHO (1991), at which subtle symptoms have been found in particularly sensitive individuals. The symptom group had neither a higher estimated daily uptake of inhaled mercury vapor, nor a higher mercury concentration in blood and urine than in the control group. The study provides no scientific support for the belief that the symptoms of the patients examined originated from an enhanced mercury release from their amalgam restorations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Odontology, Umeå University, Sweden. Anders.Berglund@denmatsc.umu.se
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berglund
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Molin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D001239:Inhalation; D008297:Male; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D008628:Mercury / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D003723:Dental Amalgam; D008628:Mercury