title: Abnormal anatomy of the lumbosacral region imaged by magnetic resonance in children with anorectal malformations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the frequency of lumbosacral anomalies, the association with urogenital abnormalities, and the correlation with defaecation pattern by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective analysis was performed of routine MRI in patients with anorectal malformations. Between 1990 and 1994, MRI was performed in 43 such patients: 31 boys and 12 girls. Twenty four had a high anorectal malformation, 16 had a low anorectal malformation, and three had Currarino's triad. MRI was performed before reconstruction in 26, and postoperatively in 17. Urogenital anomalies were found in 21.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Abnormalities of the spinal cord and spine were found with MRI in 20 patients (46.5%); caudal regression syndrome in 10, tethered cord in two, a combination of both in three, and other spinal anomalies in five. These anomalies were found in 30% of the patients with low anorectal malformations, and in 50% with high anorectal malformations. In patients with urogenital malformations, MRI more often showed spinal anomalies (13/21, 62%) than in patients without (7/22, 32%). In high anorectal malformations, defaecation was more often a problem in patients with spinal anomalies (12/15, 80%) than in patients without (2/8, 25%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spinal anomalies in the lumbosacral region were found with MRI in 46.5% of patients with anorectal malformations. Since presence of these anomalies seems to be related to clinical outcome, MRI should be performed routinely in all such patients.
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Surgical Centre Amsterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Heij
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Nievelstein
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: de Zwart
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Verbeeten
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Valk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vos
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000293:Adolescent; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000002:abnormalities; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003672:Defecation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008161:Lumbosacral Region / Q000002:abnormalities*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012007:Rectum / Q000002:abnormalities*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000002:abnormalities; D014564:Urogenital Abnormalities