title: A retrospective study of the investigation and management of muscle-invasive bladder cancer in the South West Region.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the present management of muscle-invasive bladder cancer in the South West Region and to assess the workload resulting from the rationalization of treatment in specific centres.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective survey was undertaken in all the hospitals in the South West Region, to assess the management of all patients presenting with muscle-invasive bladder cancer in the years 1989 and 1993. Data were collected from histopathology records and hospital in-patients' notes. The optimum standard of assessment and treatment were defined by a panel of specialists in urological tumours. The management of patients was compared against these defined standards.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 186 and 199 patients in 1989 and 1993, respectively, were evaluated. When comparing their assessment against the defined standard, only 69% of patients in 1989 and 58% in 1993 had an intravenous urogram, with 7% and 4%, respectively, having no upper tract imaging (the remainder undergoing ultrasonography). Evidence from an examination under anaesthetic (EUA) was found for 80% of patients in 1989 and 84% of patients in 1993. Only 23% of patients in 1989 and 36% in 1993 were staged by either computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. In both 1989 and 1993, 54% of patients had definitive treatment, 31% had an endoscopic follow-up only and 15% had no treatment; there were no differences in age or co-morbidity among these groups. The median time elapsed between referral and diagnosis was 59 days (1989) and 52 days (1993), and the median delay to definitive treatment was 114 and 96 days, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was insufficient upper tract imaging, poor clinical staging in the EUA and too few investigations for staging. The low rate of definitive treatment may be a consequence of the delays in management, allowing the tumour to progress, and suggesting the need for a more rapid assessment of haematuria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, University of Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Dickinson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Howe
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bedford
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prentice
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Sibley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D019042:Muscle Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy