HIV-1 entry into CD4+ cells is mediated by the chemokine receptor CC-CKR-5.
The beta-chemokines MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta and RANTES inhibit infection of CD4+ T cells by primary, non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) HIV-1 strains at the virus entry stage, and also block env-mediated cell-cell membrane fusion. CD4+ T cells from some HIV-1-exposed uninfected individuals cannot fuse with NSI HIV-1 strains and secrete high levels of beta-chemokines. Expression of the beta-chemokine receptor CC-CKR-5 in CD4+, non-permissive human and non-human cells renders them susceptible to infection by NSI strains, and allows env-mediated membrane fusion. CC-CKR-5 is a second receptor for NSI primary viruses.
Dragic
T
T
The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016, USA.
Litwin
V
V
Allaway
G P
GP
Martin
S R
SR
Huang
Y
Y
Nagashima
K A
KA
Cayanan
C
C
Maddon
P J
PJ
Koup
R A
RA
Moore
J P
JP
Paxton
W A
WA
D001483:Base Sequence; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D017931:DNA Primers; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000378:metabolism; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D008264:Macrophages / Q000821:virology; D008561:Membrane Fusion; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015846:Monokines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication
D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D017931:DNA Primers; D015686:Gene Products, env; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D015846:Monokines; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D011994:Recombinant Proteins