title: Intranasal versus intravenous administration of midazolam to children undergoing small bowel biopsy.
abstract: Sixty-three children under the age of 9 years were randomized to receive intravenous (group A, n = 33) or intranasal (group B, n = 30) midazolam as sedation for small bowel biopsy. Mean doses of midazolam given to produce adequate sedation were 0.31 mg (kg body weight)-1 in group A and 0.34 mg (kg body weight)-1 in group B (NS). Four children in group A and 10 children in group B required additional doses to maintain adequate sedation throughout the biopsy procedure (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the median procedure time (7 min in group A, 8.5 min in group B) or median fluoroscopy time (5 s in group A, 4 s in group B). All children in group B showed signs of discomfort from the nose when given midazolam intranasally. In conclusion, this study indicates that intravenous administration of midazolam is preferable to the intranasal route.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Norrköping Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Högberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nordvall
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tjellström
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stenhammar
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam
chemical_list: D008874:Midazolam