Allogeneic blood cell transplantation without posttransplant colony-stimulating factors in patients with hematopoietic neoplasm: a phase II study.
OBJECTIVE
There is limited experience with allogeneic blood cell transplantation (BCT). In an earlier pilot study, the combination of bone marrow and blood did not produce severe acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). We now report the results of a phase II study using blood stem cells alone in 19 patients.


METHODS
The median age was 40 years. All patients had hematopoietic malignancies and received transplants from HLA-identical sibling donors. GVHD prophylaxis consisted of cyclosporine plus prednisone. Posttransplant colony-stimulating factors were not administered. Donors were mobilized with subcutaneous granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF; 16 microg/kg/d) for 5 days. Apheresis was performed on 2 consecutive days.


RESULTS
The median cell content of the two apheresis was 11.9 x 10(8) WBC/kg, 3.2 x 10(8) CD3/kg, and 8.3 x 10(6) CD34/kg. The median time to achieve an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) > or = 500/microL was 13 days, and 14 days to a platelet count > or = 50,000/microL. All patients engrafted. Platelet recovery was faster in marrow historic control groups. Blood cells in all tested cases contained more than 95% donor cells on day 30. The actuarial incidence of acute GVHD was 37%, and 13% for grade II-IV GVHD. Limited, corticosteroid responsive, chronic GVHD developed in 33% of assessable patients. At a median follow-up of 192 days, actuarial survival was 75%.


CONCLUSIONS
Transplantation of a high number of stem cells may lead to rapid engraftment without the use of posttransplant colony-stimulating factors. GVHD does not appear to be more severe than in similarly treated patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. For allogeneic transplantation, mobilized blood cell collections are an alternative to bone marrow collections.
Rosenfeld
C
C
Texas Oncology, Professional Association, Dallas, TX, USA.
Collins
R
R
Piñeiro
L
L
Agura
E
E
Nemunaitis
J
J
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007938:Leukemia / Q000628:therapy*; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor