title: Conformational changes induced in the protein tyrosine kinase p72syk by tyrosine phosphorylation or by binding of phosphorylated immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif peptides.
abstract: A critical event in signaling in immune cells is the interaction of Syk or ZAP-70 protein tyrosine kinases with multisubunit receptors that contain an approximately 18-amino-acid domain called the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). Tyrosine-phosphorylated Syk from activated cells was in a conformation different from that in nonstimulated cells as demonstrated by changes in immunoreactivity. The addition of tyrosine-diphosphorylated ITAM peptides resulted in a similar conformational change in Syk from nonactivated cells. The peptides based on FcepsilonRIgamma were more active than those based on Fcepsilon RIbeta. In vitro autophosphorylation of Syk was dramatically enhanced by the addition of the diphosphorylated ITAM peptides. The conformational change and the enhanced autophosphorylation required the presence of both phosphorylated tyrosines on the same molecule. These conformational changes in Syk by tyrosine phosphorylation or binding to diphosphorylated ITAM could be critical for Syk activation and downstream propagation of intracellular signals.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Dental Research, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Appella
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Siraganian
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004792:Enzyme Precursors / Q000378:metabolism*; D015151:Immunoblotting; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D011961:Receptors, Fc / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072377:Syk Kinase; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*; D051746:ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase
chemical_list: D004792:Enzyme Precursors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D011961:Receptors, Fc; D014443:Tyrosine; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D000072377:Syk Kinase; C000606898:Syk protein, rat; D051746:ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase