title: Characteristics of Japanese alcoholics with the atypical aldehyde dehydrogenase 2*2. I. A comparison of the genotypes of ALDH2, ADH2, ADH3, and cytochrome P-4502E1 between alcoholics and nonalcoholics.
abstract: We examined the genotypes of the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-2, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)-2, ADH3, and P-4502E1 loci of 53 alcoholics and 97 nonalcoholics. All of the subjects fulfilled the DSM-III-R criteria for alcohol dependence. The control group consisted of 97 subjects who were either hospital staff or students. We also compared the frequencies of homozygous ALDH2*1/1 and heterozygous ALDH2*1/2 genotypes in alcoholics. Our study revealed differences in the allelic frequencies of the ALDH2, ADH2, and ADH3 loci between alcoholics and nonalcoholics. For alcoholics with both homozygous ALDH2*1/1 and heterozygous ALDH2*1/2 genotypes, it was found that ADH2 and ADH3 played important rates. Alcoholics with the heterozygous ALDH2*1/2 genotype showed a significantly higher frequency of ADH2*1/1 than ones with the homozygous ALDH2*1/1 genotype. We assume ADH2*1 plays an important role in the development of alcoholism in alcoholics with the heterozygous ALDH2*1/2 genotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kagawa Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwahashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miyatake
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suwaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; D000483:Alleles; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010089:Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; C096127:ALDH2 protein, human; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; D010089:Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating