title: Central and peripheral haemodynamic changes in post-term fetuses: correlation with oligohydramnios and abnormal fetal heart rate pattern.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the hypothesis that the occurrence of oligohydramnios and abnormal fetal heart rate (FHR) pattern in post-term fetuses is associated with impaired fetal cardiac function.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross sectional study was performed on post-term and term fetuses. Fetal tests included a computerised analysis of the FHR, a biophysical profile and Doppler studies of the abdominal aorta, umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery and the fetal heart. Pulsatility index (PI) was calculated from the abdominal aorta, umbilical and middle cerebral artery flow velocity waveforms. Peak velocity, velocity time integral (VTI), E:A ratio, and heart rate (HR) were calculated from the flow velocity waveforms obtained from the aortic and pulmonic outflow, and from the mitral and tricuspid valves.
  
  
  METHODS
  Maternal fetal laboratory, Department of Obstetrics.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twenty post-term and 42 term fetuses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only the tricuspid E:A ratio was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in post-term fetuses with a normal amniotic fluid index compared with term fetuses. Post-term fetuses with an abnormal amniotic fluid index had a significantly lower aortic peak velocity (P < 0.01), aortic VTI x HR (P < 0.01), and mitral VTI x HR (P < 0.05) compared with post-term fetuses with a normal amniotic fluid index or compared with term fetuses. Post-term fetuses with reduced FHR variation had a significantly lower aortic peak velocity (P < 0.01), pulmonic peak velocity (P < 0.05), aortic VTI x HR (P < 0.01), pulmonic VTI x HR (P < 0.05) and a significantly lower mitral VTI x HR (P < 0.05) when compared with post-term fetuses with normal FHR variation. Similar results were obtained in comparing fetuses with normal and adverse perinatal outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The occurrence of oligohydramnios and abnormal FHR pattern in post-term fetuses appears to be associated with impaired fetal cardiac function. This finding should allow further investigations of post-term fetuses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rambam Medical Centre, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Farmakides
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schulman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casale
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Itskovitz-Eldor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000503:physiopathology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal / Q000502:physiology*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007233:Infant, Postmature; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000503:physiopathology; D016104:Oligohydramnios / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011273:Pregnancy, Prolonged; D014261:Tricuspid Valve / Q000503:physiopathology; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014469:Umbilical Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology