title: Epidermal growth factor-responsive and -refractory carcinomas initiated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea in rat urinary bladder.
abstract: We tested the role of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the development of low-grade superficial bladder tumors by using a heterotopically transplanted rat urinary bladder system. Weekly EGF administration (250 ng/0.5 ml of phosphate-buffered 2.1% NaCl solution) for 28 weeks into heterotopically transplanted rat urinary bladders initiated with a low dose of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea resulted in a significant increase in the incidence (17 of 25 versus 6 of 30 rats; P < 0.001) and the mean number of tumors per bladder (1.08 versus 0.20; P < 0.001) as compared with those for a vehicle-only group. Changing to vehicle without EGF for the last 8 weeks resulted in tumors in 8 of 24 rats (P = 0.02 versus the EGF group), comparable to the rate for controls. Switching from vehicle to EGF for the last 8 weeks resulted in tumors in 15 of 24 rats, comparable to the rate in the 28-week EGF group. When tumors were divided into two groups according to size (>4.2 mm3 and </= 4.2 mm3), expression of EGF receptor (EGF-R) was found in 24 of 25 "large" tumors as compared with 5 of 17 "small" tumors (P < 0.0001). The results of in situ hybridization for EGF-R correlated well with those of immunohistochemical study. These data suggest the possibility that recurrences of low-grade superficial bladder tumors are related to the continuing presence of EGF in the urine, and that blocking of EGF-R should be evaluated as a tumor inhibitor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611-3008, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rademaker
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oyasu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000098:blood supply / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D019699:Thrombospondins; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019699:Thrombospondins; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; D066246:ErbB Receptors