title: Comparison of the effects of etomidate, propofol, and thiopental on respiratory resistance after tracheal intubation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tracheal intubation frequently results in reversible bronchoconstriction. Propofol has been reported to minimize this response in healthy patients and in asthma patients, but may be unsuitable for hemodynamically unstable patients for whom etomidate may be preferable. The current study examined respiratory resistance after tracheal intubation after induction with either thiopental, etomidate, or propofol. A supratherapeutic dose of etomidate was used to test the hypothesis that the bronchoconstrictive response could be minimized by deep intravenous anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-seven studies were conducted in 75 patients. Anesthesia was induced with either 2.5 mg/kg propofol, 0.4 mg/kg etomidate, or 5 mg/kg thiopental. Respiratory resistance was measured at 2 min after induction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Respiratory resistance at 2 min was 8.1 +/- 3.4 cmH2O.1(-1).s (mean +/- SD) for patients receiving propofol versus 11.3 +/- 5.3 for patients receiving etomidate and 12.3 +/- 7.9 for patients receiving thiopental (P < or = 0.05 for propofol vs. either etomidate or thiopental).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Respiratory resistance after tracheal intubation is lower after induction with propofol than after induction with thiopental or after induction with high-dose etomidate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia/Operating Room Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, Washington 98108, USA.
authors.forename: W O
authors.initials: WO
authors.lastname: Eames
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Rooke
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bishop
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005045:Etomidate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects*; D013874:Thiopental / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D013874:Thiopental; D015742:Propofol; D005045:Etomidate