title: [Outlook for clinical hemorheology].
abstract: Harvey may be considered to be the precursor of modern hemorheology, but it was not until the pioneering work of Loewenhoeck, Poiseuille, Fahraeus and Copley that the essential role of the hemorheological properties of blood and its cellular components was recognized. Before the advent of modern hemorheology in the 70s, studies were mainly focussed on microcirculation and validation of global hemorheological equations applied to blood circulation. Parallel studies on the microrheological properties (erythrocyte deformability and aggregation) explained analytically the non-Newtonian behavior of blood, and the essential contribution of these parameters to the understanding hyperviscosity syndromes. The development of clinical hemorheology in fact started at the international conferences held in Reykjavik (1966) and Heidelberg (1969), and with the initiation of the periodical European Microcirculation (since Nancy in 1960) and Clinical Hemorheology (since Nancy in 1979) Conferences. The current main avenues of research involve flow modelling, studies of cell-cell interaction mechanisms (aggregation and adhesion), in relation to the associated pathophysiological phenomena, such as cellular activation (platelets and leukocytes in particular), gene expression linked to blood flow (e.g. endothelial cells)... Clinically and therapeutically, it is crucial that pathophysiological studies be undertaken on the relationship existing between rheological parameters and objective clinical data (local flow rates, ischemic markers, hemostatic parameters, tissue oxygen, clinical symptoms,...). The main clinical application fields are cardiovascular diseases, thrombosis, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia... Also, studies on new therapeutics or on biomaterials should also be given priority.
authors.affiliation: Département d'Hématologie (EA 1728), Faculté de Médecine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Stoltz
mesh_terms: D001809:Blood Viscosity; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D004903:Erythrocyte Aggregation / Q000502:physiology; D018056:Hemorheology / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D015233:Models, Statistical; D012106:Research; D013577:Syndrome
vernacular_title: Perspectives en hémorhéologie clinique.