CAAT/enhancer-binding proteins are involved in beta-globin gene expression and are differentially expressed in murine erythroleukemia and K562 cells.
Acting in cis with the beta-globin locus control region, the CAAT box of the beta-globin gene promoter stimulates transcription 10-fold in murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells but is without effect in K562 cells. Our previous studies suggested that of four proteins from MEL cells that bind to this CAAT box region (CP1, GATA-1, and two factors that were denoted DSFr and DSF1) DSFr is involved in the up-regulation of transcription. In the present report, the DSFr protein in MEL cells was identified as C/EBPgamma through expression cloning and antibody studies. C/EBPgamma DNA binding activity could not be detected in K562 cells. However, K562 cells, but not MEL cells, were found to express LIP, which is a truncated form of C/EBPbeta and is an inhibitor of transcription. Thus, the differential expression of C/EBP members could account for the ability of the beta-globin CAAT box to stimulate transcription in MEL cells, but not function in K562 cells. Juxtaposing a specific C/EBP binding sequence next to the beta-globin promoter, in constructs in which the CAAT box had been rendered inactive by mutation or deletion, restored full promoter activity in MEL cells only if CP1 still bound to the promoter. In conjunction with previous mutation analyses, these results suggest that C/EBPgamma may collaborate with CP1 to enhance transcription through the beta-globin CAAT box.
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Institut du cancer de Montréal of the Centre de Recherche L.-C. Simard, Université de Montréal, 1560 Sherbrooke Street East, Montreal, Quebec, H2L 4M1 Canada.
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D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D005914:Globins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; C064042:CBF1 protein, S cerevisiae; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D005914:Globins