title: Atrial natriuretic peptide inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase through the clearance receptor. Potential role in the inhibition of astrocyte proliferation.
abstract: The modulation of the activity of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) by endogenous growth factors or growth inhibitors provides a potential means of regulating cell proliferation. We determined the effect of the endogenous anti-proliferative peptide, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), on the ability of MAPK to phosphorylate myelin basic protein. In astrocytes, MAPK activity was significantly stimulated (up to 3-fold) by three known glial mitogens, endothelin-3, platelet-derived growth factor, or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. ANP inhibited by 55-70% the ability of each of these mitogens to activate MAPK. The effects of ANP were equipotent to those caused by C-ANP 4-23, a peptide that specifically binds to the natriuretic peptide clearance receptor. Additionally, both natriuretic peptides caused a 70-80% inhibition of the sodium vanadate-stimulated MAPK activity, complete inhibition of the okadaic acid-stimulated activity, and inhibition of the mitogen-stimulated phosphorylation of MAPK. To understand the potential mechanism by which the natriuretic peptides act, we found that both ANP and C-ANP inhibited the mitogen-stimulated activity of the immediate upstream kinase in the cascade, MAPK kinase (MEK). C-ANP also strongly inhibited the endothelin-3-, platelet-derived growth factor-, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced stimulation of DNA synthesis in the astrocytes, while both okadaic acid and sodium vanadate significantly reversed these anti-proliferative actions. Our results identify ANP as a peptide hormone that inhibits growth factor-stimulated MAPK. These data suggest that the ability of the natriuretic peptides to inhibit MAPK may be important for their anti-growth actions. This effect likely occurs via the inhibition of upstream kinase(s), including MEK, uniquely resulting from ligand binding to the natriuretic peptide clearance receptor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92717, USA.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Prins
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pedram
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daniels
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004027:Diencephalon / Q000166:cytology*; D016232:Endothelins / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004988:Ethers, Cyclic / Q000494:pharmacology; D005333:Fetus; D007700:Kinetics; D019319:Okadaic Acid; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014638:Vanadates / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D004988:Ethers, Cyclic; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D019319:Okadaic Acid; D014638:Vanadates; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate