title: Protein kinase C and F-actin are essential for stimulation of neuronal FAK tyrosine phosphorylation by G-proteins and amyloid beta protein.
abstract: Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a protein tyrosine kinase implicated in signal transduction pathways for integrins, neuropeptides, and lysophosphatidic acid. FAK, first discovered in non-neuronal cells, recently has been reported to occur in neurons, where its tyrosine phosphorylation is upregulated by fibronectin and by the Alzheimer's Abeta peptide. The current work has elucidated molecular events leading to tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK in the rat B103 CNS nerve cell line. Activation of receptor-coupled G-proteins by Mas-7 was found to evoke rapid upregulation of FAK tyrosine phosphorylation (Tyr(P)). Upregulation by Mas-7 was blocked by GF109203X, a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC). Phorbol ester also upregulated FAK-YP, verifying a role for PKC in the transduction cascade. Upregulation of FAK-YP by activation of G-proteins and PKC was dependent upon intact F-actin, as cytochalasin D abolished stimulation by Mas-7 and by phorbol ester. The relatively slow increase in FAK-YP evoked by chronic exposure to Abeta also was abolished by GF109203X and by cytochalasin D. The results show that tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK in neurons is regulated positively by PKC, functioning down-stream from G-proteins through an F-actin-dependent mechanism. The Alzheimer's Abeta peptide is capable of activating elements of this same signal transduction pathway, via membrane events that remain to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Krafft
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D015638:Cytochalasin D / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008301:Maleimides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D007211:Indoles; D008301:Maleimides; D010703:Phorbol Esters; D015638:Cytochalasin D; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C496052:Ptk2 protein, rat; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; C070515:bisindolylmaleimide I