title: Mutagenesis of the potato ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase and characterization of an allosteric mutant defective in 3-phosphoglycerate activation.
abstract: ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase (glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase; ADP:alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.27) catalyzes a key regulatory step in alpha-glucan synthesis in bacteria and higher plants. We have previously shown that the expression of the cDNA sequences of the potato tuber large (LS) and small (SS) subunits yielded a functional heterotetrameric enzyme capable of complementing a mutation in the single AGP (glgC) structural gene of Escherichia coli. This heterologous complementation provides a powerful genetic approach to obtain biochemical information on the specific roles of LS and SS in enzyme function. By mutagenizing the LS cDNA with hydroxylamine and then coexpressing with wild-type SS in an E. coli glgC- strain, >350 mutant colonies were identified that were impaired in glycogen production. One mutant exhibited enzymatic and antigen levels comparable to the wild-type recombinant enzyme but required 45-fold greater levels of the activator 3-phosphoglycerate for maximum activity. Sequence analysis identified a single nucleotide change that resulted in the change of Pro-52 to Leu. This heterologous genetic system provides an efficient means to identify residues important for catalysis and allosteric functioning and should lead to novel approaches to increase plant productivity.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, USA.
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Chantler
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Preiss
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Okita
mesh_terms: D000494:Allosteric Regulation; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D051599:Glucose-1-Phosphate Adenylyltransferase; D005988:Glyceric Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D006003:Glycogen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D018744:DNA, Plant; D005988:Glyceric Acids; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C005156:3-phosphoglycerate; D006003:Glycogen; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases; D051599:Glucose-1-Phosphate Adenylyltransferase