title: Release of virus-like particles from cells infected with poliovirus replicons which express human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag.
abstract: The effectiveness of attenuated poliovirus vaccines when given orally to induce both systemic and mucosal immune responses against poliovirus has resulted in an effort to develop poliovirus-based vectors to express foreign proteins. We have previously described the construction of poliovirus genomes (referred to as replicons) in which the complete human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gag gene was substituted for the capsid gene (P1) (D.C. Porter, D.C. Ansardi, and C.D. Morrow, J. Virol. 69:1548-1555, 1995). Infection of cells with encapsidated replicons resulted in the expression of a 55-kDa protein. To further characterize the biological features of the HIV-1 Gag proteins expressed in cells infected with encapsidated replicons, we utilized biochemical analysis and electron microscopy. Expression of the 55-kDa protein in cells infected with encapsidated replicons resulted in myristylation of the Pr55gag protein. The Gag precursor protein was released from infected cells; analysis on sucrose density gradients revealed that the precursor sedimented at a density consistent with that of an HIV-1 virus-like particle. Analysis of replicon-infected cells by electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of condensed structures at the plasma membrane and the release of virus-like particles. These studies demonstrate that poliovirus-based vectors can be used to express foreign proteins which require posttranslational modifications, such as myristylation, and assemble into higher-order structures, providing a foundation for the future use of poliovirus replicons as vaccine vectors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Melsen
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Compans
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Morrow
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019814:Myristic Acid; D009227:Myristic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012093:Replicon / Q000235:genetics*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D015683:Gene Products, gag; D009227:Myristic Acids; D011498:Protein Precursors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C059767:p55 gag precursor protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D019814:Myristic Acid