title: Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from tuberculosis patients with HIV infection or AIDS.
abstract: Contacts exposed to tuberculosis patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were compared with contacts of HIV-negative patients for evidence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission, based on a review of records of tuberculin skin tests administered during routine health department follow-up investigations in Miami/Dade County, Florida, from 1985 through 1989. After an adjusted analysis designed to balance background prevalence, tuberculin positivity was 42.0% in 2,158 contacts of HIV-negative patients compared with 28.6% and 31.3% in 363 contacts of HIV-infected patients and 732 contacts of AIDS patients, respectively. Similar results were observed in a subset of 5- to 14-year-old contacts of United States-born black or white tuberculosis patients chosen to minimize the possibility of false-negative tuberculin tests in contacts due to undiagnosed HIV infection. Analysis of contacts as sets showed a more than expected number of sets with none or all contacts infected, but this did not differ by HIV/AIDS group. In this study, tuberculosis patients with AIDS or HIV infection were less infectious to their contacts and, in this community, exposed fewer contacts than HIV-negative tuberculosis patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Cauthen
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Dooley
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Onorato
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Ihle
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Burr
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Bigler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Witte
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Castro
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016358:Contact Tracing; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D014373:Tuberculin; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D014504:Urban Health
chemical_list: D014373:Tuberculin