title: Interleukin-12 protects thermally injured mice from herpes simplex virus type 1 infection.
abstract: Severe burn injury is associated with increased susceptibility to severe herpesvirus infections. Type 2 cytokines [interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10] released from burn-associated CD8+ type 2 T cells (BA-type 2 T cells) have been shown to play a role in the increased susceptibility of thermally injured mice (TI-mice) to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection. Because IL-12 has been shown to inhibit the generation of type 2 T cells, murine rIL-12 was injected into TI-mice exposed to HSV-1 to determine whether IL-12 could influence HSV-1 infections in individuals bearing type 2 T cells. rIL-12 improved the resistance of TI-mice or mice inoculated with T6S cells (a BA-type 2 T cell clone) against HSV-1 infection. Type 2 cytokines were detected in sera of TI-mice or mice inoculated with T6S cells (T6S-mice). However, treatment of TI-mice or T6S-mice with rIL-12 inhibited type 2 cytokine production in the sera of these mice. All TI-mice exposed to a lethal dose of HSV-1 survived when they were treated with a mixture of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against type 2 cytokines. Staphylococcal enterotoxin A [an interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) inducer] stimulated serum IFN-gamma production in TI-mice and T6S-mice treated with rIL-12, whereas no IFN-gamma was produced in mice treated with saline. These results suggest that IL-12 has the potential to protect TI-mice infected with a lethal dose of HSV-1 via a shift to type 1 T cell responses from type 2 T cell responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0835, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Herndon
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Pollard
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D002056:Burns / Q000150:complications*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016207:Cytokines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D018664:Interleukin-12