title: Adults born with high anorectal atresia--how do they manage?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We are interested in the way patients, who underwent surgery for high anorectal atresia, control their defecation. Considering that some patients, despite newer operative techniques, always will suffer from minor or major soiling we attempted to find some guidelines for postoperative support for future patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-eight patients (median age, 26 (range, 18.1-56.9) years) were personally interviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regulating defecation is done in five different modes: 16 patients have stools after urge, 15 control their stools mainly by going to the toilet at regular times, 18 perform bowel-irrigations or use enemas, 2 have loss of feces continuously, and 7 patients have an ileostomy or colostomy. More than one-half of patients influence their defecation by diet. Of the patients with anal defecation, 6 never soil, 39 sometimes soil small amounts, and 6 often soil seriously. Eighteen patients occasionally suffer from constipation. There is no mode of defecation regulation outstanding in preventing soiling or constipation. However, patients who do not regulate defecation somehow suffer from serious soiling. Most patients are content with their level of cleanliness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Irrespective of the mode of defecation regulation, many patients soil sometimes small amounts and a few often soil seriously. In view of the fact that most patients had to find the current control of defecation regulation by themselves rather late and lacked professional support, it is questionable whether the chosen mode of defecation regulation is the most optimal mode for each patient. We assume that a stepwise protocol under professional support, starting by the most natural mode of defecation, will improve defecation regulation in a more efficient way (earlier and better).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Hassink
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Rieu
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Severijnen
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Brugman-Boezeman
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Festen
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000002:abnormalities*; D003248:Constipation / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003672:Defecation; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007409:Intestinal Atresia / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires