title: Enhanced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in human SaOS-2 osteoblast-like cells and murine osteoblasts induced by insulin-like growth factor I.
abstract: Formation of new capillaries, a critical component of tissue growth and repair, is a recognized process in the development, formation, and remodeling of bone. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent angiogenic factor with specific mitogenic actions on endothelial cells, is produced in a regulated manner by many cell types, including osteoblasts. The aim of the present investigation was to test the hypothesis that insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), a known osteogenic factor, modulates VEGF expression in osteoblasts. In human SaOS-2 osteoblast-like cells, 10 nM IGF-I increased the abundance of VEGF messenger RNA (mRNA) by 4-fold above the control value at 2h, and the elevated levels of mRNA returned to near basal by 8 h. IGF-I stimulated VEGF mRNA levels at IGF-I concentrations as low as 1-2 nM. The stability of VEGF mRNA was not increased after IGF-I treatment, and actinomycin D abrogated the enhanced expression of VEGF mRNA by IGF-I, indicating that the action of IGF-I was probably mediated by a transcriptional mechanism. The induction of VEGF mRNA by IGF-I in SaOS-2 cells was associated with an increase in immunoreactive VEGF protein, as detected by immunoblot analysis. IGF-I also increased the expression of VEGF mRNA in primary murine osteoblasts, which confirmed that the actions of IGF-I were not unique to SaOS-2 cells. We conclude that IGF-I enhances osteoblast synthesis of VEGF, which may then act locally on endothelium to stimulate angiogenesis, an essential component of bone growth and remodeling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Toxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Goad
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Tashjian
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Patterson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002460:Cell Line; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004355:Drug Stability; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D003609:Dactinomycin; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I