Protection and repair of gamma-radiation-induced lesions in mice with DNA or deoxyribonucleoside treatments.
Mice can survive lethal doses of ionizing radiation if deoxyribonucleosides or 'highly polymerized' salmon sperm DNA (Sigma) are administered 30 min to 24 h post-irradiation. DNA is more effective than deoxyribonucleosides in increasing the survival frequency. At supralethal exposures of gamma-irradiation, Deoxyribonucleosides and DNA are equally effective in reversing radiation damage which otherwise leads to chromosome breakage. The micronucleus frequencies in the polychromatic erythrocytes of bone marrow cells from DNA- or deoxyribonucleoside-treated mice were near the unirradiated control values. This reduction in chromosome breakage was approximately 4-fold when compared with the irradiated, saline-treated control. 'Highly polymerized' DNA protects against mortality if administered 48 and 24 h prior to irradiation. This is somewhat comparable to the effectiveness of the growth factors Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) administered prior to irradiation. With survival as criterion, the sensitivity of 4 lines of mice to gamma-irradiation is BALB/c > C3H/OuJ > or = C3H/HeJ > C57B1/6.
Hennig
U G
UG
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Wang
Q
Q
Gee
N H
NH
von Borstel
R C
RC
Henning
U G
UG
D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000528:radiation effects; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D004247:DNA / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004249:DNA Damage; D003853:Deoxyribonucleosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000528:radiation effects; D005720:Gamma Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000378:metabolism; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
D003853:Deoxyribonucleosides; D007375:Interleukin-1; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004247:DNA