[What do celiac children eat? Dietary analysis of a group of children with celiac disease on a diet].
A diagnosis of Coeliac Disease (CD) indicates a lifelong compliance to a gluten-free diet (GFD), which implies a change in deeply ingrained dietary habits and may cause dietary imbalances. We studied the dietary intake in a group of children with CD on GFD. CD was diagnosed according to Espgan criteria. Strict compliance to GFD was ascertained by Hydrogen breath-test. For each patient a thorough dietary history was obtained; the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) 1986/1987--Istituto Nazionale della Nutrizione were used as reference measurements. 71.3% of our patients had a daily calorie intake lower than recommended (mean +/- 1SD = -110 +/- 389 kcal/day). Calorie deficiency was mainly due to a low carbohydrate intake (50.2 +/- 7% of daily calorie intake vs. 59% RDA; difference = -4.7 +/- 7%). Fast absorbed simple carbohydrates exceeded by 46% the recommended 10% ratio to complex carbohydrates. Daily fat intake was higher than RDA (+7.7%) in 94.1% of our patients, who obtained from fat 35.7 +/- 5.2% of their daily calorie intake vs 28% recommended. Saturated to unsaturated fat ratio was unbalanced towards saturated fat intake (2.3 +/- 1.1 vs 0.33 recommended). Coeliac children on a GFD have low caloric and carbohydrate intakes and a high fat intake. An unbalance towards simple sugar and saturated fat ingestion was detected. A lifelong protraction of these dietary habits may favour the onset of metabolic diseases in mature age.
Dell'Olio
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Università degli Studi-Torino, Istituto di Discipline Pediatriche Cattedra di Pediatria, Sezione di Gastroenterologia.
Palma
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L
Malorgio
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Ansaldi Balocco
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N
D000293:Adolescent; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000178:diet therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004034:Diet Surveys; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005983:Glutens; D006801:Humans
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005983:Glutens
Che cosa mangiano i bambini celiaci? Analisi dietologica su un gruppo di celiaci a dieta.