title: Deregulation of PAX-5 by translocation of the Emu enhancer of the IgH locus adjacent to two alternative PAX-5 promoters in a diffuse large-cell lymphoma.
abstract: Analyses of the human PAX-5 locus and of the 5' region of the mouse Pax-5 gene revealed that transcription from two distinct promoters results in splicing of two alternative 5' exons to the common coding sequences of exons 2-10. Transcription from the upstream promoter initiates downstream of a TATA box and occurs predominantly in B-lymphocytes, whereas the TATA-less downstream promoter is active in all Pax-5-expressing tissues. The human PAX-5 gene is located on chromosome 9 in region p13, which is involved in t(9;14)(pl3;q32) translocations recurring in small lymphocytic lymphomas of the plasmacytoid subtype and in derived large-cell lymphomas. A previous molecular analysis of a t(9;14) breakpoint from a diffuse large-cell lymphoma (KIS-1) demonstrated that the immunoglobulin heavy-chain (IgH) locus on 14q32 was juxtaposed to chromosome 9p13 sequences of unknown function [Ohno, H., Furukawa, T., Fukuhara, S., Zong, S. Q., Kamesaki, H., Shows, T. B., Le Beau, M. M., McKeithan, T. W., Kawakami, T. & Honjo, T. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87,628-632]. Here we show that the KIS-1 translocation breakpoint is located 1807 base pairs upstream of exon 1A of PAX-5, thus bringing the potent Emu enhancer of the IgH gene into close proximity of the PAX-5 promoters. These data suggest that deregulation of PAX-5 gene transcription by the t(9;14)(pl3;q32) translocation contributes to the pathogenesis of small lymphocytic lymphomas with plasmacytoid differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Busslinger
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Klix
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pfeffer
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Graninger
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kozmik
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002883:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14; D002899:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051757:PAX5 Transcription Factor; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D051757:PAX5 Transcription Factor; C497281:PAX5 protein, human; C497282:Pax5 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; D004247:DNA