title: Use of corticosteroids alone or combined with glucose to treat ketosis in dairy cows.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare relative efficacy of dexamethasone and flumethasone alone or in combination with rapid IV infusion of glucose for treatment of ketosis in cattle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  127 cows with urine acetoacetate concentration > or = 60 mg/dl.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cows were treated with 500 ml of 50% glucose solution. IV, and 40 mg of dexamethasone, IM (group 1), 40 mg of dexamethasone, IM (group 2), 5 mg of flumethasone (group 3), or 500 ml of 50% glucose solution, IV, and 5 mg of flumethasone (group 4). Treatment success was defined as recovery after a single treatment without relapse during the same lactation. Uterine disease (retained placenta or metritis), parity, and pretreatment plasma glucose, serum beta-hydroxybutyric acid, and urine acetoacetate concentrations were evaluated as possible confounding factors affecting recovery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only uterine disease was found to have a significant effect on recovery. Treatments 1 and 4 were significantly more efficacious than was treatment 2, but efficacy of treatment 2 was not significantly different from that of treatment 3. Regardless of treatment, cows with uterine disease were less likely to have a successful outcome than were cows without uterine disease. In all treatment groups, plasma glucose concentration increased and serum beta-hydroxybutyric acid and urine acetoacetate concentrations decreased following treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, treatment of ketosis in dairy cattle with a corticosteriod alone was less efficacious than treatment with glucose and a corticosteroid.
authors.affiliation: Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: N Y
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Shpigel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Avidar
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bogin
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; D000090:Acetoacetates / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005443:Flumethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000097:blood; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D007662:Ketosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D007774:Lactation; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D000090:Acetoacetates; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D012996:Solutions; D003907:Dexamethasone; D005947:Glucose; D005443:Flumethasone; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid