title: Development of nephrotic syndrome in a patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia after treatment with macrophage-colony-stimulating factor.
abstract: We describe a patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) who developed nephrotic syndrome after receiving several courses of chemotherapy, including macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). At the onset of nephrotic syndrome, the patient remained in a hematological remission. A renal biopsy showed diffuse mesangial proliferation with marked glomerular infiltration of macrophages and massive subendothelial and mesangial deposits. After the institution of the combined therapy with corticosteroid, anticoagulant, and dipyridamole, urinary protein excretion was attenuated to less than 1.0 g/day. It should be emphasized that the recurrence of nephrotic syndrome was observed after the following chemotherapy, including M-CSF, whereas the bone marrow still remained completely remitted. In contrast, after the last course of chemotherapy, which did not include M-CSF, urinary protein excretion was not enhanced. Of note is that the renal histology at autopsy showed a remarkable improvement of mesangial hypercellularity with concomitant reduction in the number of glomerular macrophages. These evolutional changes in both proteinuria and glomerular histology suggest a close linkage between the M-CSF treatment and macrophage-related glomerular injury. The possibility can be raised that M-CSF accelerated the underlying renal disease in this case through enhancing macrophage accumulation into the glomerulus, leading to the development of nephrotic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Joh
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000473:pathology; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D012074:Remission Induction
chemical_list: D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor