[Vector control, perspectives and realities].
In the WHO Global Strategy for Malaria Control, selective and sustainable vector control is one of the measures to be implemented to complement case management and for the control of epidemics. Vector control can be targeted against larvae and adults, but two elements must be recognized: -vector control measures must be selected according to the existing eco-epidemiological diversity, which has to be well understood before embarking upon any extensive action; -efficient tools are currently available, both for large scale and household use. House spraying is still the method of choice for epidemic control but must be carefully considered and used selectively in endemic countries for various well known reasons. The promotion of personal protection measures for malaria prevention is advocated because insecticide-impregnated mosquito nets and other materials have proved to be effective in different situations. Implementation, sustainability and large scale use of impregnated nets implies a strong community participation supported by well motivated community health workers, the availability of suitable materials (insecticide, mosquito nets), intersectorial collaboration at all levels, well trained health workers from central to the most peripheral level and appropriate educational messages (Knowledge, Attitude and Practices) adapted and elaborated after surveys. It has to be kept in mind that the evaluation of the impact of vector control activities will be made in epidemiological terms such as the reduction of malaria morbidity and mortality.
Carnevale
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Division de la Lutte contre les Maladies Tropicales, Organisation Mondiale de la Santé, Genève, Suisse.
D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000145:classification / Q000469:parasitology*; D001512:Bedding and Linens; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000145:classification / Q000469:parasitology*; D007306:Insecticides; D007814:Larva; D008288:Malaria / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D010961:Plasmodium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D014944:World Health Organization
D007306:Insecticides
La lutte antivectorielle, perspectives et réalités.