title: Choroidal neovascularization secondary to Candida albicans chorioretinitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the clinical histories and courses of six patients with choroidal neovascularization secondary to endogenous Candida albicans chorioretinitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records, fundus photographs, and fluorescein angiograms of six patients who developed C. albicans chorioretinitis secondary to candidemia and who subsequently developed choroidal neovascularization in one or both eyes were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The six patients ranged in age from 18 to 79 years. Four were women and two men; all but one showed evidence of bilateral chorioretinal scarring secondary to C. albicans chorioretinitis. All patients had been treated successfully with systemic antifungal therapy (amphotericin B). Two weeks to two years after the chorioretinitis, choroidal neovascularization developed in one eye (four cases) or both eyes (two cases). The neovascularization on initial examination was subfoveal in four eyes, extrafoveal in three eyes, and juxtafoveal in one eye. Laser photocoagulation was used in four of the eight involved eyes. In these cases, the active choroidal neovascularization was brought under control. In one eye, the patient had submacular surgery for excision of the choroidal neovascular membrane. Final visual acuities ranged from 20/20 to 20/200 in treated eyes and from 20/50 to 20/400 in untreated eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Choroidal neovascularization is a potential cause of late visual loss in patients who have had C. albicans sepsis and endogenous C. albicans chorioretinitis. Eyes that have chorioretinal scarring from C. albicans chorioretinitis should be watched for the development of choroidal neovascularization. Laser photocoagulation or perhaps surgical excision of the neovascular complex may be of benefit in selected cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA. 1-jampol@nwu.edu
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Jampol
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Folk
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Townsend-Pico
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lowder
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Dodds
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Westrich
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Terry
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D002825:Chorioretinitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D002829:Choroid / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000601:surgery; D015821:Eye Infections, Fungal / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D016469:Fungemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B