title: Urological abnormalities in 1,328 patients with nocturnal enuresis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluation of the incidence of urological abnormalities as revealed by urological examinations of a large number of patients with enuresis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with the chief complaint of nocturnal enuresis were examined urologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of urological abnormalities was 1.8% of 940 patients on intravenous pyelography (IVP), 7.1% of 695 patients on voiding cystourethrography (VCG) and 11.5% of 487 patients on cystometry (CM). No abnormal findings were observed in 58 patients on renal ultrasonography (US). 92.1% of reflux cases detected by VCG were low grade and only 8.9% of patients with reflux had pyuria. 20.2% of 446 patients who were submitted to all these examinations had some urological abnormality. Only pollakisuria was statistically more frequent in patients with urological abnormalities than in patients without them.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that the incidence of urological abnormalities was rather low when compared with the past literature. In particular, IVP was though to be unnecessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawauchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitamori
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Imada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003558:Cystoscopy; D004775:Enuresis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis; D015994:Incidence; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D011776:Pyuria / Q000503:physiopathology; D016136:Spina Bifida Occulta / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D013131:Spine / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000002:abnormalities*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D014567:Urography