title: Prevalence of dementia in an elderly rural population: effects of age, sex, and education.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the prevalence of dementia in an elderly rural population and to determine the effects of age, sex, and education.
  
  
  METHODS
  To obtain prevalence estimates of both cognitive impairment and dementia a door to door two phase population survey was carried out in three rural villages in central Italy. Of 1147 inhabitants older than 64, 968 (84.4%) completed the protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence rates (cases per 100 population over 64) were 8.0 for dementia and 27.3 for cognitive impairment. The prevalence rate for dementia did not differ between men and women (7.9 v 8.2), but increased with age (from 1.1 at age 65-69 to 34.8 at age 90-96). Subjects with less than three years of schooling had a significantly higher prevalence of dementia (14.6; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 10.2-19.1) than subjects with three or more years of schooling (5.9; 95% CI 4.2-7.7). At the multivariate logistic analysis, the risk related with a low level of education was still present after adjustment for age and sex (OR = 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.3). Alzheimer's disease was diagnosed in 64% of the 78 demented patients, vascular dementia in 27%, and other dementing diseases in 9%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In both Alzheimer and vascular dementia subtypes, the prevalence rates did not differ between men and women, but increased with age and were higher in subjects with a low level of education.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Sciences, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prencipe
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Casini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ferretti
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Lattanzio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fiorelli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Culasso
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012424:Rural Population; D012737:Sex Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed