title: Analysis of ligase chain reaction products amplified in a silicon-glass chip using capillary electrophoresis.
abstract: Ligase chain reaction (LCR) is a useful molecular technique for detecting known point mutations. We report the first example of the use of a disposable silicon-glass micro-chip for LCR and the first application of capillary electrophoresis (CE) to analyze samples amplified by LCR in a chip. Silicon-glass chips were manufactured using conventional photolithography and anodic bonding. The chips provide three distinct advantages for LCR: excellent thermal conductivity, a micro reaction volume ( < 10 microliters), and reproducible, low-cost manufacturing. Investigation and quantitation of amplification efficiency of LCR in a chip or in a tube requires an analytical technique that is faster and more convenient than the conventional slab gel methods. Slab gel electrophoresis uses relatively large amounts of sample and is labor-intensive and time-consuming, and thus is unsuitable for the separation and detection of LCR products. In contrast CE requires sample volume (original LCR products) of less than 1 microliter and is therefore well-suited to analysis of the micro-volume reaction mixture from chips. We combined CE with a sensitive laser induced fluorescence (LIF) detection system for the rapid separation and quantitative detection of LCR products amplified from the lacI gene in a silicon-glass chip. Comparative studies were made with LCR between tubes and silicon-glass chips. CE-LIF analysis is ideally suited to examination of micro-LCR amplification with high throughput. The technologies may find medical uses in disease diagnosis and research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Shoffner
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Mitchelson
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Kricka
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wilding
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008025:Ligases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012825:Silicon
chemical_list: D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D008025:Ligases; D012825:Silicon