Perfluorochemical liquid ventilation: from the animal laboratory to the intensive care unit.
Perfluorochemical or perfluorocarbon liquids have an enormous gas-carrying capacity. During tidal liquid ventilation the respiratory medium of both functional residual capacity and tidal volume is replaced by neat perfluorocarbon liquid. Tidal liquid ventilation is characterized by convective and diffusive limitations, but offers the advantage of preserved functional residual capacity, high compliance and improved ventilation-perfusion matching. During partial liquid ventilation only the functional residual capacity is replaced by perfluorocarbon liquid. Both tidal and partial liquid ventilation improve gas exchange and lung mechanics in hyaline membrane disease, adult respiratory distress models and meconium aspiration. Compared to gas ventilation, there is less histologic evidence of barotrauma after liquid ventilation. Cardio-pulmonary interaction, inherent to the high density of liquid, and long term safety need further study. However, extrapolating from animal data, and taking into account promising human pilot studies, liquid ventilation has the desired properties to occupy an important place in the therapy of restrictive lung disease in man.
Degraeuwe
P L
PL
Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Vos
G D
GD
Blanco
C E
CE
D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006819:Hyaline Membrane Disease / Q000628:therapy; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000639:trends; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000628:therapy; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000628:therapy; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D013990:Tidal Volume / Q000502:physiology
D005466:Fluorocarbons; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants