title: Biomarkers of exposure to organic solvents from glues used in table tennis bats.
abstract: In nine samples of the glues used to glue rubber onto the table tennis bats, benzene, toluene, xylene, trichloroethene (TRI) and tetrachloroethene (TETRA) were determined by head-space gas chromatography. The analyses demonstrated the presence of benzene (1.8-4.8% (w/w)), toluene (0.32-33.90% (w/w)) and TRI (0.0006-0.280% (w/w)) in seven samples and of toluene only (22.50-67.20% (w/w)) in two samples. Xylene and TETRA were not detected in any of the glue samples analysed. Benzene, toluene and TRI in blood, as a measure of body burden, were determined in four table tennis players (aged 11-14 years) and five volunteers (aged 26-38 years). They were at the same level as in the general population. The aim of the study was to draw attention to the possibility of exposure to organic solvents from glues used in table tennis bats, particularly as it is very often a question of child exposure.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Karacić
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Skender
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kruslin
mesh_terms: D000269:Adhesives / Q000009:adverse effects; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001554:Benzene; D002648:Child; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004980:Ethane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D012997:Solvents / Q000009:adverse effects; D013177:Sports; D014050:Toluene; D014992:Xylenes
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D012997:Solvents; D014992:Xylenes; C016134:tetrachloroethane; D014050:Toluene; D001554:Benzene; D004980:Ethane