title: Resistance to geminivirus infection by virus-induced expression of dianthin in transgenic plants.
abstract: Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are naturally occurring plant toxins that exhibit antiviral activity against a diverse range of plant and animal viruses. Here, the action of dianthin, a potent RIP isolated from Dianthus caryophyllus, has been exploited to engineer resistance to a plant DNA virus, African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV), in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana. To achieve this, dianthin has been expressed from the ACMV virion-sense promoter that is transactivated by the product of viral gene AC2. This avoids the need for constitutive expression of the RIP, facilitating the regeneration of phenotypically normal plants, and ensures transgene expression is localized to virus-infected cells. When challenged with ACMV, transgenic plants produce atypical necrotic lesions on inoculated leaves, indicative of dianthin expression, viral DNA accumulation is significantly reduced in these tissues, and plants exhibit attenuated systemic symptoms from which they recover. This phenotype holds for isolates of ACMV but not for other geminiviruses, suggesting that AC2 homologues from the latter are unable to efficiently transactivate the ACMV promoter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virus Research, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hartley
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stanley
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001483:Base Sequence; D002213:Capsid / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D017791:Geminiviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015870:Gene Expression; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D054789:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000821:virology*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D017931:DNA Primers; D004279:DNA, Viral; D010940:Plant Proteins; D054789:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1