title: T cell receptor biases and clonal proliferations among lung transplant recipients with obliterative bronchiolitis.
abstract: Obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) is the most serious late complication of lung transplantation, but the pathogenesis of this disorder has not been elucidated. We sought evidence that OB is mediated by a cellular immunologic response by characterizing T cell antigen receptor beta-chain variable gene (TCRBV) repertoires in lung allograft recipients. Expression levels of 27 TCRBV among recipients were determined by multiprobe RNase protection assay after PCR amplification. In comparison to recipients with no evidence of rejection (n = 9), the PBL TCRBV repertoires of OB subjects (n = 16) exhibited more frequent expansions (16 vs. 9% of all measured TCRBV, P < 0.02), and the magnitudes of these abnormalities were greater (8.2 +/- 0.8 vs. 4.5 +/- 0.3 SD from mean normal values, P < 0.01). TCRBV sequencing showed these expansions were composed of clonal or oligoclonal populations. Thus, T cell responses in the recipients are marked by highly selective clonal expansions, presumably driven by indirect recognition of a limited number of immunodominant alloantigens. These processes are exaggerated among allograft recipients with OB, implying that cognate immune mechanisms are important in the pathogenesis of the disorder. Furthermore, the prominence of finite, distinct TCR phenotypes raise possibilities for development of novel diagnostic modalities and targeted immunotherapies for OB and other manifestations of chronic allograft rejection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institue, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Valentine
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roglic
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Elias
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Pekny
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Theodore
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Theofilopoulos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D001989:Bronchiolitis Obliterans / Q000276:immunology*; D017635:Clonal Anergy; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers; D015870:Gene Expression; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000235:genetics*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta; D011994:Recombinant Proteins