title: Carbachol does not correct the defect in the phagocytosis of outer segments by Royal College of Surgeons rat retinal pigment epithelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of carbachol on the phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments (OS) in cultures of normal Long-Evans and dystrophic Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retinal pigment epithelial cells from normal and RCS rats were grown in tissue culture. On reaching confluence, they were presented with OS suspended in Krebs-Henseleit buffer in the presence or absence of carbachol and LiCl. The number of bound and ingested OS was quantitated using double immunofluorescence staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LiCl inhibited the ingestion of OS by more than 90% but had no effect on the binding of OS by Long-Evans RPE cells. The addition of carbachol further reduced OS ingestion. Carbachol alone decreased OS ingestion by normal RPE cells by 30% but had no effect on OS binding. The effect of LiCl and carbachol on RCS RPE cells was similar to their effect on normal RPE cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Carbachol does not increase OS phagocytosis in normal or RCS rat RPE cells. The phagocytic defect in RCS rat RPE cannot be reversed or overcome by stimulation of the IP3 pathway by carbachol. LiCl strongly inhibits the ingestion of OS by normal and by RCS RPE cells, and this effect is enhanced by carbachol.
authors.affiliation: Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine 90095-7008, USA.
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Burgess
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Abrams
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Martinez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D018021:Lithium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011922:Rats, Mutant Strains; D012162:Retinal Degeneration / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012374:Rod Cell Outer Segment / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D002217:Carbachol; D018021:Lithium Chloride