title: Technetium-99m-MIBI scintigraphy in pulmonary tuberculosis.
abstract: We investigated the usefulness of 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile scintigraphy in patients with known or suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in comparison with radiological and bacteriological findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six patients aged 13-59 yr were scanned 15 and 60 min after intravenous injection of 370 MBq (10 mCi) 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile. Twenty-four patients had active PTB proven by chest radiograph and sputum examinations, two had miliary tuberculosis and ten were suspected of having relapsed PTB with negative sputum examinations and indeterminate chest radiographs. In 12 patients 99mTc-MIBI imaging was repeated 1-3 mo after chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 24 patients with active localized PTB, 22 (92%) showed increased focal uptake of 99mTc-MIBI, but two patients with minimal infiltration on chest radiographs had no accumulation of 99mTc-MIBI. Both patients with miliary PTB showed diffuse 99mTc-MIBI uptake in the lungs. Among 10 patients with suspicion of relapse, 99mTc-MIBI scans were true-positive in 4 of 5 patients (80%) with culture-proven tuberculosis and false-positive in 2 of 5 (40%) patients with negative sputum cultures. For repeat imaging, 6 of 10 patients with active localized PTB showed reduced MIBI uptake, which correlated with chest radiograph findings, and one patient had increased MIBI uptake again concordant with clinical and radiological findings which were suggestive of resistance to first line chemotherapy of tuberculosis. The other three patients showed no significant scintigraphic changes despite clinical and partial radiological regression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Active PTB granulomas generally present considerable 99mTc-MIBI uptake that is most probably related to disease activity. Therefore, 99mTc-MIBI scanning could be used in the detection and follow-up of active PTB as a complement to routine techniques.
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Medicine Department, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Onsel
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sönmezoglu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Camsari
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Atay
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cetin
authors.forename: Y T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Erdil
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Uslu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uzun
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kanmaz
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Sayman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D012008:Recurrence; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; D014391:Tuberculosis, Miliary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi