title: Automated suprathreshold static perimetry screening for detecting neuro-ophthalmologic disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To devise and evaluate a rapid, accurate, and cost-effective method of detecting neuro-ophthalmologic visual field defects.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred fifty-nine consecutive patients were evaluated with 76-point, central 30 degree automated static threshold perimetry on the Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer, as well as by a 76-point, central 30 degree suprathreshold examination with the central reference levels set at 2 or 4 dB lower than the estimated normal median central reference level adjusted for age. Six masked readers reviewed the fields. Their readings were compared with those of the other observers, as well as with the final diagnoses as determined from all available clinical information.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In detecting abnormality, the full-threshold 30 degree test had a sensitivity (percent of eyes with true field defects identified by the field test) of 93 percent or 99 percent (depending on whether borderline results were counted as a positive or negative test) and a specificity (percent of cases without true field defects appropriately identified by the field test) of 71 percent or 91 percent. In comparison, the 4-dB offset suprathreshold test had a sensitivity (averaged over all reviewers) of 79 percent or 87 percent and a specificity of 81 percent or 89 percent, whereas the 2-dB test had a sensitivity of 87 percent or 94 percent and a specificity of 73 percent or 85 percent. The mean duration of the suprathreshold tests was 3.5 +/- 1.0 minute, compared with 14.8 +/- 2.8 minutes for the full-threshold technique.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The central 30 degree, 76-point, 2-dB offset suprathreshold automated perimetry is more rapid and nearly as effective as the full-threshold test in detecting visual field abnormalities due to neuro-ophthalmologic disease. More quantitative, full-threshold perimetric strategies should be used in all equivocal cases and to follow progression of established disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33101-6880, USA.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Siatkowski
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Feuer
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Halikman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012684:Sensory Thresholds; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D015351:Vision Screening; D058609:Visual Field Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014794:Visual Fields