title: Ex vivo phase 1 evaluation of the DeBakey/NASA axial flow ventricular assist device.
abstract: A small ventricular assist device intended for long-term implantation has been developed by a cooperative effort between the Baylor College of Medicine and the NASA/Johnson Space Center. To date, in vitro tests have been performed to address hemolysis and pump performance issues. In this Phase 1 study, we assessed the durability and atraumatic features aiming for 2 day implantation. Eight pumps were implanted in 2 calves as paracorporeal left ventricular assist devices. The pump running times ranged from 18 to 203 h (78.1 +/- 23.7; mean +/- SEM). All the pump implantations were terminated because of thrombus formation. Plasma-free hemoglobin levels were below 13.7 mg/dl, except for 1 case complicated by inflow cannula obstruction. The pump speed was maintained between 10,100 and 11,400 rpm. Pump outputs were from 3.6 to 5.2 L/min. The electrical power required by the system ranged between 9 and 12 W. Clinically there was no detectable organ dysfunction noted, and postmortem evaluation demonstrated no pump related adverse effects in either calf except for small kidney infarctions. Thrombus deposition was observed mainly at the hub portions and the flow straightener.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3498, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawahito
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Damm
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Benkowski
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aber
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bacak
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tasai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimono
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takatani
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nosé
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Noon
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: DeBakey
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002417:Cattle; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D015918:Infusion Pumps, Implantable; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D014481:United States; D018557:United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D003404:Creatinine; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D001663:Bilirubin