title: The IL-1 and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) response of human neutrophils to EBV stimulation. Preponderance of IL-Ra detection.
abstract: The present study investigated the effect of EBV on gene expression and protein synthesis of IL-1 and its natural IL-1R antagonist (IL-1Ra) in human peripheral blood neutrophils. EBV induced a rapid accumulation of IL-1 and IL-lRa mRNA in neutrophils that was associated with the later appearance of considerable amounts of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-Ra proteins. Approximately 3200 and 610 times more IL-Ra than IL-1alpha a or IL-1beta, respectively, was secreted by neutrophils in response to EBV. The effect induced by EBV cannot reflect an overall metabolic activity of neutrophils, since EBV failed to induce granulocyte-macrophage OF synthesis. Heat-inactivated virus was unable to stimulate cytokine synthesis, whereas UV-irradiated virus retained the full IL-1- and IL-1Ra-inducing potential of the native particle. Furthermore, pretreatment of cells with cycloheximide or phosphonoacetic acid did not abrogate the effect of EBV, suggesting that EBV does not penetrate the cell, but that a virion's structural molecule is required to induce such an effect. In this respect, neutralization of the viral particles with the mAb 72A1, which is known to react with glycoprotein gp350 of the viral envelope, inhibits the production of IL-1 and IL-1Ra, suggesting that gp350 could be involved in this process. Thus, the elevated levels of IL-1Ra detected for EBV-stimulated neutrophils might be part of a mechanism used by the virus to evade the immune system.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Viral Immunology, University of Laval, Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Roberge
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Poubelle
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Beaulieu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heitz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gosselin
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D010746:Phosphonoacetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D003513:Cycloheximide; D010746:Phosphonoacetic Acid