title: Fractionation of canine serum calcium, using a micropartition system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine usefulness of a micropartition system for calcium fractionation of canine serum, and to establish reference values for protein-bound, complexed, and ionized calcium fractions in clinically normal dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Performance characteristics of a micropartition system were evaluated, using serum from clinically normal dogs. This micropartition system was then used to determine a reference range for calcium fractions.
  
  
  METHODS
  13 clinically normal dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dog serum was placed in the micropartition system, and spun for 20 minutes at 1,300 x g. Total calcium concentration, ionized calcium concentration, and pH were measured in whole serum, and total calcium concentration was measured in the ultrafiltrate. The protein-bound fraction was calculated by subtracting total calcium of the ultrafiltrate from total calcium of whole serum. The ionized calcium measurement of whole serum was subtracted from the total calcium measurement of the ultrafiltrate, determining the complexed calcium fraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During validation of the ability of the micropartition system to separate calcium fractions, no significant amount of serum calcium was adsorbed by the plastic micropartition system or membrane. The micropartition membrane separated the protein-bound calcium fraction (retentate) from the ultrafiltrate, which contained ionized and complexed fractions of calcium. Concentrations of protein-bound, ionized, and complexed calcium from clinically normal dogs were determined to be 3.40 +/- 0.63, 5.49 +/- 0.17, and 1.01 +/- 0.30 mg/dl, representing 34, 56, and 10% of the total calcium concentration, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This method is a rapid, repeatable means to completely fractionate serum calcium, and most importantly provides accurate assessment of the protein-bound and complexed calcium fractions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Complete assessment of calcium fractions may increase sensitivity for detection of disease processes that affect calcium metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Schenck
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Chew
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Brooks
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004285:Dogs; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008433:Mathematics; D008954:Models, Biological; D011485:Protein Binding; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014462:Ultrafiltration
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D002118:Calcium