title: New infrared spectroscopic technique as a tool to reveal roles of unsaturated fatty acids in diseases and synaptic functions.
abstract: Newly developed Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic analysis (FTIR) techniques were applied to diagnosis of adulthood disease and to reveal the role of unsaturated fatty acids in neuronal function. A new FTIR technique was developed to monitor the change of lipid content in the human oral mucosa noninvasibly. By this technique the infrared spectrum of oral mucosa was found to change in good relation to that of triglyceride level in blood of adult volunteers. This indicates that the new infrared technique may be useful for future diagnoses of hyperlipidemia or triglyceridemia noninvasively. It was found that the deficiency of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in brain membranes decreased the bright-ness-discrimination learning performance in rats, and a change of membrane surface structures was detected nondestructively by FTIR after the learning task in comparison with the structure of membrane surfaces before the learning. The evidence obtained from this technique suggested that a change of sialic acid binding form in the brain membranes occurred after the learning task in rats fed n-3 rich diet but not in rats fed n-3 deficient diet. This was further confirmed by a chemical analysis of sialidase-sensitive sialic acid contents in the membrane. These evidences show that the newly developed infrared spectroscopic techniques are useful not only for the noninvasive diagnoses for human adulthood diseases but also for the nondestructive analysis of biomembrane.
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory Center, Oita Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D004193:Discrimination Learning / Q000502:physiology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000502:physiology; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D012794:Sialic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013552:Swine; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008055:Lipids; D012794:Sialic Acids; D014280:Triglycerides; D009439:Neuraminidase; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid