The activity of plant-derived antiretroviral proteins MAP30 and GAP31 against herpes simplex virus in vitro.
We examined the effect on anti-HIV proteins MAP30 and GAP31, from Momordica charantia and Gelonium multiflorum, on the infection and replication of Herpes Simplex Viruses (HSV). Human lung WI-38 fibroblasts cultured in the presence of tenfold dilutions of MAP30 or GAP31 were exposed to HSV and viral yield was measured at 24-48 hours by ELISA. The effective concentrations for 50% inhibitions (EC50) were 0.1-0.2 microM for HSV-2, and 0.3-0.5 microM for HSV-1 for MAP30 and GAP31, respectively. In comparison, the EC(50) for acyclovir (ACV), a commonly used anti-HSV drug, was 0.2 and 1.7 microM for HSV-2 and HSV-1, respectively. The cytotoxicity of all three antivirals was negligible and comparable. However, the antiherpetic activity of the plant proteins against acyclovir-resistant strains was two to three logs more potent than ACV. These results suggest that MAP30 and GAP31, previously shown to be active against HIV, may be useful for the therapy of herpesvirus infections.
Bourinbaiar
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Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016, USA.
Lee-Huang
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D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005638:Fruit; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D054789:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1; D054790:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 2; D014197:Trees
D000998:Antiviral Agents; C071380:GAP31 protein, Gelonium multiflorum; C066347:MAP30 protein, Momordica charantia; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D054789:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1; D054790:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 2; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases