title: Phenotype and frequency of cells secreting IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN and TNF-alpha in human peripheral blood.
abstract: The phenotype and frequency of cells in normal human peripheral blood spontaneously secreting IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN and TNF-alpha ex vivo was determined using ELIspot assays. CD4+ T cells were the dominant source of IL-2 and IL-4 while multiple cell types (primarily CD8+ lymphocytes) produced IFN. Fewer than 0.05% of mononuclear cells were spontaneously secreting these T cell derived factors. By comparison, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-alpha were produced by 0.7-20% of PBMC. The primary sources of the latter cytokines were CD14+ macrophages/monocytes. A significant positive correlation was found in the frequency of cells secreting IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-alpha ex vivo, suggesting that the release of such factors was coordinately regulated. No such correlation was found among IL-2, IL-4 and IFN secreting cells, indicating that the production of predominantly T cell derived cytokines was regulated independently.
authors.affiliation: Section of Retroviral Immunology, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892-4555, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abbasi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mor
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishigatsubo
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Klinman
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007372:Interferons / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000097:blood; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007378:Interleukins; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007372:Interferons