title: Endoscopic trigonoplasty in pediatric patients with primary vesicoureteral reflux: preliminary report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the preliminary surgical results of endoscopic trigonoplasty in pediatric patients with primary vesicoureteral reflux.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed endoscopic trigonoplasty in 6 pediatric patients (11 refluxing ureters). Reflux was grade II in 4 reno-ureteral units, grade III in 5, grade IV in 1 and grade V in 1 (international classification). Surgery was done using laparoscopic and endoscopic instruments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vesicoureteral reflux disappeared 3 to 12 months postoperatively. Analgesics were administered postoperatively to 4 patients for 24 hours and to 2 for 48 hours. No bladder irritability or postoperative upper urinary tract dilatation was observed in the early postoperative period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Minimally invasive endoscopic trigonoplasty can be an effective surgical procedure for pediatric patients with vesicoureteral reflux.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Komaki Shimin Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakakibara
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohshima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyake
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003558:Cystoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000601:surgery*