title: Apolipoprotein B (apo B) signal peptide length polymorphisms are associated with apo B, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose levels in Mexican Americans.
abstract: We investigated the effects of apolipoprotein (apo) B signal peptide length polymorphisms on low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apo B, and post-challenge (2 h) glucose levels in 686 Mexican Americans from 34 families. The most common allele encoded an apo B signal peptide of 27 amino acids (ins; SP-27), the next most frequent allele encoded a 24 amino acid signal peptide (del; SP-24), and the rarest allele encoded a 29 amino acid signal peptide (ins; SP-29) that has been found only in Mexican Americans. Homozygotes for the SP-24 allele had significantly higher mean levels of apo B. LDL-C, and 2-h glucose than SP-27 homozygotes, and SP-27/SP-24 heterozygotes had intermediate levels (P = 0.01 for apo B, P < 0.001 for LDL-C, and P = 0.04 for 2-h glucose). Heterozygotes for the SP-29 allele had higher apo B and LDL-C levels compared to homozygotes for the SP-27 or SP-24 alleles. Apo B signal peptide length polymorphism accounted for 4.2%, 3.5%, and 3.0% of the residual variation in LDL-C, apo B, and 2-h glucose levels, respectively, among the Mexican American families.
authors.affiliation: Genetics Department, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX 78228-0147, USA. candy@darwin.sfbr.org
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kammerer
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: VandeBerg
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Haffner
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hixson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D000483:Alleles; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D001483:Base Sequence; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000208:ethnology; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017058:Mexican Americans / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005082:Physical Exertion; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011203:Poverty; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals