title: Oral immunization with the B subunit of the heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli induces early Th1 and late Th2 cytokine expression in Peyer's patches.
abstract: The B subunit of heat-labile toxin (LT-B) from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli has been shown to be a powerful mucosal immunogen. Oral immunization of mice with LT-B revealed that BALB/c (H-2d) and C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice gave high serum IgG and mucosal IgA responses specific for LT-B. However, ALY (H-2b) mice lacking intestinal Peyer's patches (PP) did not respond to oral LT-B with either serum or mucosal antibodies. These results indicate that PP lymphocytes supported both systemic and mucosal immune responses when the antigen was administered orally. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed that PP CD4 T cells expressed early Th1-type (interferon-gamma and interleukin [IL]-2) and late Th2-type (IL-4, -5, and -6) cytokine mRNA. These results suggest that the systemic and mucosal antibody responses induced by LT-B are regulated by a cooperation of PP Th1 and Th2 cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Microbiology, Osaka University, Faculty of Dentistry, Japan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiyono
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: McGhee
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D005243:Feces; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D007114:Immunization; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000276:immunology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D016207:Cytokines; D004768:Enterotoxins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C027538:heat-labile enterotoxin, E coli