title: In vitro polarization of carp leucocytes in response to the blood fluke Sanguinicola inermis Plehn, 1905 (Trematoda: Sanguinicolidae).
abstract: An in vitro assay was used to determine the effects of Sanguinicola inermis adults and cercariae on the polarization responses of pronephric leucocytes of carp. Leucocytes were isolated and exposed to live adult flukes or cercariae for up to 48 h. Differences in polarization responses were related to the presence of the parasite, the presence or absence of carp serum and the time of incubation. The mean proportions of cells exhibiting polarization in unstimulated controls ranged from 5 to 30% over the experimental period. Within 15 min of exposure to adults or cercariae, significant increases in mean polarization responses were observed of up to 75% and levels remained higher than control values for over 24 h. Overall, the presence of normal carp serum, either untreated or heat inactivated, did not enhance the polarization responses of leucocytes incubated with only cercariae or adults. However, between 0.25 and 3 h, the presence of carp serum with cercariae significantly enhanced polarization responses when compared with cells incubated with cercariae alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Keele University, Staffs, UK.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hoole
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ewens
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arme
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001769:Blood; D002347:Carps / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D002465:Cell Movement; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D011554:Pseudopodia; D014200:Trematoda / Q000276:immunology*