title: Lower pole heminephrectomy: its role in treating nonfunctioning lower pole segments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the role and long-term outcome of lower pole heminephrectomy in the treatment of nonfunctioning lower renal moieties in children with duplex kidneys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1979 and 1994, 54 lower pole heminephrectomies were performed in 53 patients 1 to 192 months old (mean age 54) with duplex systems. A total of 15 patients was prenatally diagnosed, while the others presented with a urinary tract infection (36), orchiepididymitis (1) and failure to thrive (1). The surgical technique was essentially similar to that of upper pole heminephrectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Operative course was uneventful except for intraoperative bleeding in 5 cases, which necessitated blood transfusion, and a postoperative urinary tract infection in 1. Followup ranged from 3 to 168 months (mean 56.9). Postoperative renograms available in 34 cases showed unchanged differential function in 12 and an ipsilateral 2 to 14% decrease (mean 5.65%) in 22. No late complications were detected except in 1 patient, who had postoperative urinary tract infections and subsequently underwent removal of the ureteral stump. Our series includes 4 patients with solitary ipsilateral upper poles (after the contralateral kidney was removed or nonfunctioning) who had good renal function at long-term followup despite the reduced parenchymal mass.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on our experience it seems that lower pole heminephrectomy is the treatment of choice in cases of nonfunctioning dilated lower segments of duplicated kidneys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mor
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Mouriquand
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Quimby
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Soonawalla
authors.forename: S Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Zaidi
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Duffy
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Ransley
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007682:Kidney Pelvis; D008297:Male; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000601:surgery*; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000601:surgery*