title: Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis episode during halothane anesthesia in a horse.
abstract: A 7-month-old Quarter Horse filly was admitted for surgical repair of a right olecranon fracture. Anesthesia was achieved with xylazine hydrochloride, guaifenesin, ketamine hydrochloride, and halothane. Two and a half hours after induction of anesthesia, myotonia, muscle fasciculations, and sweating, concurrent with high serum potassium concentration and associated electrocardiographic changes consistent with hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, were observed. Treatment included intermittent positive-pressure ventilation, changing intravenous administration of fluids from lactated Ringer's solution to 0.9% NaCl solution, and administration of calcium gluconate, glycopyrrolate, dopamine, and sodium bicarbonate. Clinical signs resolved with the return of serum potassium concentrations to the reference range. The horse was confirmed to be heterozygous for hyperkalemic periodic paralysis by DNA testing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210-1089, USA.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pablo
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hubbell
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001947:Breeding; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary; D006221:Halothane / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006579:Heterozygote; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D006736:Horses; D006947:Hyperkalemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000662:veterinary*; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000662:veterinary; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology; D010245:Paralyses, Familial Periodic / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000662:veterinary*; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000662:veterinary; D014457:Ulna / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D006221:Halothane