title: Effects of Ursodeoxycholate and cholate feeding on liver disease in FVB mice with a disrupted mdr2 P-glycoprotein gene.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The mouse mdr2 gene encodes a P-glycoprotein expressed in the hepatocanalicular membrane. Inactivation of this gene causes lack of biliary phospholipid and cholesterol secretion and non-suppurative cholangitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of bile salt hydrophobicity in induction of liver pathology in mdr2 (-/-) mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice (+/+) wild type or (-/-) knockout for the mdr2 gene were fed with either purified control diet or this diet supplemented with cholate (0.1%) or ursodeoxycholate (0.5%) for 3, 6, or 22 weeks after weaning. Liver histology was semiquantitatively scored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each mouse fed bile acid became the major constituent of the bile salt pool. The cholate diet during 22 weeks induced only very mild liver pathology in (+/+) mice. By contrast, lever histology had already deteriorated after 3 weeks in the (-/-) mice and caused pronounced inflammatory nonsuppurative cholangitis and fibrosis in the 75% of mice that survived. Dietary ursodeoxycholate had no effect on histology in (+/+) mice but improved liver pathology significantly in (-/-) mice compared with purified control diet; the decrease of ductular proliferation and portal inflammation was most prominent after 22 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cholangiolitis and its sequelae in the mdr2 knockout mice depend on bile salt hydrophobicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Van Nieuwkerk
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Elferink
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Groen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ottenhoff
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Tytgat
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Dingemans
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Van Den Bergh Weerman
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Offerhaus
mesh_terms: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D002761:Cholangitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002793:Cholic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000235:genetics; D005526:Food, Formulated; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008105:Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D014580:Ursodeoxycholic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D002793:Cholic Acids; D014580:Ursodeoxycholic Acid; C095122:multidrug resistance protein 3