title: Effect of grapefruit juice on cyclosporine pharmacokinetics in renal transplant patients.
abstract: This study investigated the effect of grapefruit juice on cyclosporine A (CsA) bioavailability in 10 renal transplant patients. Under CsA steady state conditions, patients were randomly administered their usual dose of CsA with either 8 ounces of grapefruit juice or 8 ounces of water. Using a crossover design, a 12-hr pharmacokinetic study was then conducted. Grapefruit juice increased the area under the concentration versus time curve (4218+/-1497 ng x hr/ml [grapefruit juice] vs. 3415+/-1288 ng x hr/ml [water], P=0.029) and 12-hr trough (244+/-214 ng x ml [grapefruit juice] vs. 132+/-56 ng x ml [water], P=0.09), but it did not change peak concentration (734+/-290 ng x ml [grapefruit juice] vs. 708+/-305 ng x ml [water], P=0.76). In addition, grapefruit juice delayed the time to peak concentration compared with water (5.4+/-3.0 hr [grapefruit juice] vs. 2.8+/-0.8 hr [water], P=0.025). These data suggest that concurrent administration of grapefruit juice with CsA will delay the absorption of CsA and increase the drug exposure of CsA without changing peak concentration.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, USA.
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: F O
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Ukah
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ashton
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Hunsicker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001628:Beverages; D001682:Biological Availability; D002957:Citrus; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016572:Cyclosporine; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C104464:CYP3A protein, human; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A