title: Physician-ordered respiratory care vs physician-ordered use of a respiratory therapy consult service. Results of a prospective observational study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the impact of a respiratory therapy consult service (RTCS) on practices and appropriateness of ordering respiratory care services.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nonrandomized prospective observational cohort study with concurrent controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult non-ICU inpatient wards of an academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample of 98 adult non-ICU inpatients at the Cleveland Clinic Hospital, representing 20 inpatient clinical services. Patients whose respiratory care plans were determined by respiratory care practitioners using sign and symptom-based algorithms to specify treatment comprised the treatment group (n = 51, respiratory therapy consult group). The nonconsult group (n = 47) were patients whose respiratory care plans were specified by their own physicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specification of the respiratory care plan by the RTCS vs by the physicians themselves. Use of the RTCS was at the discretion of the managing physician.
  
  
  METHODS
  Types and number of respiratory care treatments, length of hospital stay, costs of the respiratory therapy provided, appropriateness of respiratory care orders (based on comparison of the actual respiratory care orders with a reference respiratory care plan generated by a study investigator who was kept blind to the actual respiratory care plan), and adverse respiratory events.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients for whom the RTCS was requested by their physicians had a greater severity of respiratory illness based on having a lower triage score, but were otherwise similar at baseline. Fewer initial orders for respiratory care were discordant with the reference algorithms in RTCS patients (15% +/- 26% [SD]) than in nonconsult patients (43% +/- 36%; p < 0.001), and a smaller fraction of RTCS patients received at least one discordant initial respiratory care order (37% vs 72%; p < 0.001). Though provided to sicker patients with longer lengths of hospital stay, RTCS-directed care incurred similar respiratory care costs per patient ($335.63 +/- $272.69 [RTCS] vs $349.06 +/- $273.27; p = 0.72).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the RTCS can be an effective strategy to allocate respiratory care strategies appropriately while conserving the costs of providing respiratory care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Stoller
authors.forename: C I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Skibinski
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Giles
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Kester
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Haney
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000488:Allied Health Personnel; D005260:Female; D006300:Health Services Misuse; D017722:Hospital Charges; D017721:Hospital Costs; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012138:Respiratory Therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*