title: Evidence for an important role of neutrophils in the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in vivo.
abstract: To investigate the role of neutrophils in the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in rhabdomyosarcoma-bearing rats, the number of these circulating phagocytes was decreased or increased before interstitial PDT by use of rabbit anti-rat neutrophil serum or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, respectively. After administration of the antiserum, the number of circulating neutrophils decreased by 99.9%. However, the number of monocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets decreased as well (by 100%, 80%, and 25%, respectively). Under these conditions, PDT did not retard tumor growth at all. However, after cessation of the antiserum treatment 5 days after PDT, a striking decrease in the growth rate occurred subsequent to an increase above the normal range of the number of circulating neutrophils. Administration of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor led to a specific 4-fold increase in the number of circulating neutrophils. In these rats, the tumor growth at day 2 after PDT was retarded as compared with PDT-treated rats that received saline only. Statistical evaluation of both experimental conditions showed that the efficacy of PDT, expressed as the percentage of change in tumor volume at day 2 after treatment, was dependent on the number of circulating neutrophils present at the day of PDT (P = 0.001; r2 = 0.482). Apparently, neutrophils are indispensable for successful PDT in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: de Vree
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Essers
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: de Bruijn
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Star
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Koster
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sluiter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000276:immunology; D007106:Immune Sera; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000187:drug effects; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012208:Rhabdomyosarcoma / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007106:Immune Sera; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor