title: [Peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Culture of peritoneal dialysate fluid].
abstract: Conventional aerobic and anaerobic culture of peritoneal dialysate effluent from patients in continuous peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) was compared to culture in a semiautomated blood culture system. During a two-year period 78 of 79 consecutive episodes of peritonitis among 45 Danish CAPD patients were cultured and the etiology of the infection found in 73 (94%). The sensitivity of the blood culture system was 88%, whereas the sensitivity of the conventional culture of the dialysate effluent was 81%. This difference is not significant (McNemar test; 0.5 > p > 0.3). The majority of isolates were Gram-positive bacteria dominated by coagulase-negative staphylococci (38%). In comparison, only 2% of the cultures of peritoneal dialysate effluent taken within the same period from patients without clinical signs of peritonitis were positive. All the Gram-positive aerobic bacteria were sensitive to vancomycin whereas 97% of the Gram-negative aerobic bacteria were sensitive to gentamicin. An initial empiric treatment of peritonitis with a combination of vancomycin and gentamicin is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Klinisk mikrobiologisk afdeling, Arhus Kommunehospital.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Møller
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Hagelskjaer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins; D014640:Vancomycin
vernacular_title: Peritonitis ved kontinuerlig ambulant peritonealdialyse. Dyrkning of peritonealdialysevoesken.