title: Activation of antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation by interleukin-15 without the mitogenic effect of interleukin-2 that may induce human immunodeficiency virus-1 expression.
abstract: The newly identified cytokine, IL-15 enhanced antigen-induced proliferation of PBMC obtained from HIV-1-seropositive subjects. When compared to IL-2 which enhanced both spontaneous and antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferative responses, IL-15 rarely increased spontaneous lymphocyte proliferation. Additionally, in cultures of lymphocytes obtained from 15 HIV-1-infected patients with < 300 circulating CD4- lymphocytes/microliter IL-15 induced significant HIV-1 expression (46, 21, and 71 pg/ml) in only 3 of 15 experiments and IL-2 induced significant HIV-1 expression (range 16- > 5000 pg/ml) in 11 of 15 experiments (P < 0.01, Fischer's exact test). Simultaneous assays of cytokine-induced spontaneous lymphocyte proliferation and HIV-1 expression revealed similar dose-response relationships for induction of HIV-1 and lymphocyte proliferation by IL-2. Thus, IL-15 helps to correct the impaired proliferative response of CD4+ lymphocytes from HIV-1-infected persons without the mitogenic effect of IL-2 that also may induce HIV-1 expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Patki
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Quiñones-Mateu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dorazio
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yen-Lieberman
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Boom
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lederman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D019409:Interleukin-15; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D019409:Interleukin-15; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007378:Interleukins