title: Influence of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on fluid secretion in small bowel obstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the importance of adrenoceptors on fluid losses in small bowel obstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Evaluation of the effects of adrenergic agonists and antagonists on in-vivo net fluid secretion in chronic small bowel obstruction in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Net fluid transport in a jejunal segment was continuously registered in vivo after 18 h of mechanical obstruction of the small bowel in anaesthetized rats. The effect on net fluid transport of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists and of isotonic saline was quantified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clonidine, an alpha 2-agonist, had a significant (P < 0.05) anti-secretory effect, while yohimbine, an alpha 2-antagonist, significantly (P < 0.05) increased net fluid secretion. Phenylephrine, an alpha 1-agonist, and prazosin, an alpha 1-antagonist, lacked significant effects on net fluid transport. Similarly, prenalterol, a beta 1-agonist, and metoprolol, a beta 1-antagonist, had no significant effect on the net fluid transport. The beta 2-agonist salbutamol significantly (P < 0.001) decreased net fluid secretion, while the beta-antagonist propranolol significantly (P < 0.001) decreased net fluid secretion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Activation of alpha 2-adrenoceptors and blockade of beta 2-adrenoceptors significantly reduce net fluid secretion in small bowel obstruction. Results also demonstrate a continuous stimulatory effect on fluid secretion mediated by beta 2-receptors and a continuous inhibitory effect mediated by alpha 2-receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgren's Hospital, Göteborg University, Sweden.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nellgård
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bojö
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jönsson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cassuto
mesh_terms: D000322:Adrenergic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018674:Adrenergic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000420:Albuterol / Q000494:pharmacology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism*; D003000:Clonidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D007415:Intestinal Obstruction / Q000378:metabolism*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007579:Jejunal Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008790:Metoprolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011224:Prazosin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011294:Prenalterol / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000322:Adrenergic Agonists; D018674:Adrenergic Antagonists; D010656:Phenylephrine; D015016:Yohimbine; D008790:Metoprolol; D011294:Prenalterol; D003000:Clonidine; D000420:Albuterol; D011224:Prazosin