title: Alpha 2-adrenergic receptors activate phospholipase C in renal epithelial cells.
abstract: The effects of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors are usually attributed to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase through pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi coupling. In kidney distal convoluted tubule (DCT) cells, stimulation of Na+/K(+)-ATPase by alpha 2 receptors involves activation of protein kinase C (PKC). To identify the signal pathways coupled to alpha 2 receptors, we measured cAMP production and show that the alpha 2 agonist B-HT 933 had no effect on basal or stimulated (forskolin, parathyroid hormone) cAMP accumulation in DCT cells but inhibited parathyroid hormone-stimulated cAMP accumulation in proximal tubule cells. I tested whether alpha 2 receptors on DCT cells stimulate PKC through second messengers generated from phospholipase C (PLC) activation. In DCT cells, B-HT 933 increased inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate formation by 4-6-fold over control and increased diacylglycerol formation by 46%. Basal intracellular calcium concentration in single DCT cells averaged 114 nM and increased within 2 min to 196 nM with B-HT 933. Treatment with the PLC inhibitor U-73122 but not pertussis toxin blocked B-HT 933-induced rises in inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate and intracellular calcium concentration. B-HT 933 increased PKC activity by 45% over control in DCT cells. These findings provide evidence that alpha 2-adrenergic receptors activate PLC in DCT cells through a pertussis toxin-insensitive mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-3835, USA. fg@dartmouth.edu
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Gesek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004963:Estrenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007686:Kidney Tubules, Distal / Q000201:enzymology*; D051379:Mice; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D018341:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004075:Diglycerides; D004963:Estrenes; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D018341:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; C060229:1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D002118:Calcium