title: Apoptosis of macrophages induced by liposome-mediated intracellular delivery of clodronate and propamidine.
abstract: Liposomes can be used as vehicles for intracellular delivery of drugs into phagocytic cells. Clodronate and propamidine, delivered into macrophages in this way, will kill these cells as a result of intracellular accumulation and irreversible metabolic damage. The so-called liposome-mediated macrophage 'suicide' approach, which is based on this principle, is now frequently applied in studies aimed at unravelling macrophage function. In the present study, the mechanism of phagocytic cell death induced by liposome encapsulated drugs was investigated 'in vitro'. Peritoneal macrophages and macrophages of the RAW 264 cell line were cultured in the presence of the liposome encapsulated drugs clodronate, propamidine and several forms of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The results obtained suggest that apoptotic death is induced in phagocytic cells both by liposomally delivered clodronate and by liposomally delivered propamidine. Although intracellular EDTA did induce apoptosis in a minority of the experiments, the results support earlier findings that EDTA does not deplete macrophages as effectively as clodronate and propamidine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: van Rooijen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: van den Berg
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001550:Benzamidines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D004002:Clodronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D007424:Intracellular Fluid / Q000187:drug effects; D008081:Liposomes / Q000276:immunology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D001550:Benzamidines; D008081:Liposomes; D004002:Clodronic Acid; D004492:Edetic Acid; C005555:propamidine