title: Nitric oxide inducing factor as a measure of antigen and mitogen-specific T cell responses in chickens.
abstract: We describe here an assay to measure responses of T cells to in vitro stimulation with antigens and a T cell mitogen (ConA). Spleen cells from chickens immunized with live viruses and an inactivated antigen produced macrophage activating factors (MAF) in response to in vitro stimulation with homologous antigens. The production of MAF, quantitated by the induction of NO in a retrovirus transformed macrophage cell line, HD11 (Beug et al., 1979, Cell 18, 375) was antigen-specific and correlated well with T cell proliferation. Further studies showed that production of MAF was abrogated by cyclosporin A, anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies. These data suggested that production of MAF required T cell activation and can be used as measure of antigen and mitogen-specific T cell responses in chickens.
authors.affiliation: University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, St. Paul 55108, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karaca
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002645:Chickens; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000939:Epitopes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods; D016215:Macrophage-Activating Factors / Q000032:analysis*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011212:Poxviridae / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D000939:Epitopes; D016215:Macrophage-Activating Factors; D003208:Concanavalin A; D009569:Nitric Oxide