title: Gadolinium(III) texaphyrin: a tumor selective radiation sensitizer that is detectable by MRI.
abstract: Gadolinium(III) texaphyrin (Gd-tex2+) is representative of a new class of radiation sensitizers detectable by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This porphyrin-like complex has a high electron affinity [E1/2 (red.) approximately = -0.08 V versus normal hydrogen electrode] and forms a long-lived pi-radical cation upon exposure to hydrated electrons, reducing ketyl radicals, or superoxide ions. Consistent with these chemical findings, Gd-tex2+ was found to be an efficient radiation sensitizer in studies carried out with HT29 cells in in vitro as well as in in vivo single and multifraction irradiation studies with a murine mammary carcinoma model. Selective localization of Gd-tex2+ in tumors was confirmed by MRI scanning.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacyclics, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA 94086, USA.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Qing
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harriman
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sessler
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Dow
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Mody
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Hemmi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D008665:Metalloporphyrins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011859:Radiography; D012513:Sarcoma, Experimental / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D008665:Metalloporphyrins; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; C437683:motexafin gadolinium