Insulin-secreting cell lines: classification, characteristics and potential applications.
The use of primary beta-cells in biochemical and molecular research is limited by the availability of pancreatic endocrine tissue. Numerous investigators have attempted to establish an insulin-secreting cell line that retains normal regulation of insulin secretion. Different approaches have been used, including induction of pancreatic tumors by irradiation or viral infection, immortalization of beta-cells in vitro, and development of transgenic mice with targeted expression of a recombinant oncogene in the beta-cell. Few of these attempts have proven successful, because cell differentiation and proliferation capacities are mutually exclusive. The most widely used insulin-secreting cell lines are RIN, HIT, beta TC, MIN6 and INS-1 cells. These cells contain mainly insulin and small amounts of glucagon and somatostatin. RIN cells, except for the subclone RIN-38, are not glucose-responsive. HIT cells and beta TC cells secrete insulin in response to glucose, but their dose-response curve is markedly shifted to the left MIN6, INS-1 and a newly available subclone of beta TC cells (beta TC-6 F7) are reported to retain normal regulation of glucose-induced insulin secretion. Although the behaviour of none of these cell lines perfectly mimics primary beta-cell physiology, they are extremely valuable tools for the study of molecular events underlying beta-cell function and dysfunction. In addition, insulin-secreting cell lines represent a potential source of transplantable tissue to overcome the limited availability of primary islets for this procedure.
Poitout
V
V
INSERM U341, Service de Diabétologie, Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France.
Olson
L K
LK
Robertson
R P
RP
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral; D004702:Endocrine Glands / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007340:Insulinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051379:Mice
D007328:Insulin