title: The effect of ultrasonically determined anisotropy on longitudinal fracture of cortical bone.
abstract: This study examines the effects of density and microstructural anisotropy on longitudinal crack propagation in compact bone. Bovine cortical bone samples were demineralized by acid, producing specimens with a wide range of bone density. Ultrasound velocity was measured in the radial and longitudinal directions of each specimen using a pulse transmission technique. A proposed microstructural anisotropy parameter based on these ultrasound velocities was introduced and evaluated. The critical stress intensity factors K(IC) of these specimens were determined by mechanical fracture toughness tests. A linear regression study demonstrated that assessment of fracture toughness was precisely achieved by the combined effect of density and microstructural anisotropy of compact bone (r2 = 0.951, p < 0.0001).
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York at Buffalo, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Medige
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ziv
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016880:Anisotropy; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D015519:Bone Density; D002417:Cattle; D006245:Hardness Tests; D016014:Linear Models; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D014463:Ultrasonography