title: Role of video-assisted thoracic surgery in the treatment of pulmonary metastases: results of a prospective trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A retrospective review revealed a 42% error rate between computed tomographic scan reports and thoracotomy findings; therefore, a prospective study was designed to compare the value of computed tomographic scans, video-assisted thoracoscopic exploration, and open thoracotomy in the management of pulmonary metastases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eligibility included any patient with only one or two ipsilateral pulmonary metastases identified on computed tomographic scan who was being considered for surgical resection. Initially video-assisted thoracic surgery was performed and all lesions identified were resected. A thoracotomy adequate for complete lung palpation was then carried out and any additional lesions found were removed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen patients of a planned 50 were treated before closure of the study. Four patients (22%) had no additional lesions found at thoracotomy. The primary sites of tumor were colon (10), breast (3), and one patient each skin (squamous), cervix, kidney, melanoma, and sarcoma. Four patients (22%) did have additional lesions at thoracotomy, which were benign. In the remaining 10 patients (56%) additional malignant lesions were found at thoracotomy after video-assisted thoracoscopic exploration. After 18 patients were entered, analysis of the early results disclosed a 56% failure rate of a computed tomographic scan and video-assisted thoracic surgery to detect all lesions. Being within the 95% confidence interval (32% to 78%), the study was abandoned.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that video-assisted thoracic surgery should be used only as a diagnostic tool in managing lung metastasis. A thoracotomy is required to achieve complete resection, which is the major survival prognosticator for satisfactory long-term results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: McCormack
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Bains
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Begg
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Burt
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Downey
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Panicek
authors.forename: V W
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Rusch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zakowski
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Ginsberg
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013903:Thoracic Surgery / Q000379:methods*; D013906:Thoracoscopy; D013908:Thoracotomy / Q000379:methods; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014741:Video Recording