title: [The VIVA urethral plug: a sensible expansion of the spectrum for conservative therapy of urinary stress incontinence?].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate applicability, acceptance, side effects and complications and the possible curative effect on female stress urinary incontinence of the treatment with the urethral plug VIVA (Braun Melsungen, Germany).
  
  
  METHODS
  Part I: Prospective clinical study. Part II: Ongoing prospective-longitudinal study. Additionally two case reports.
  
  
  METHODS
  Part II: 156 consecutive patients of the urodynamic out patient clinic. Part II: 21 patients with urinary stress incontinence (SUI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Part I: Ability to hold the plug while walking and standing, acceptance rate of plug therapy. Part II: Subjective improvement of SUI, pad-weighing test, cough test, urinary tract infections, other complications during four months of plug treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Part I: 62% of 156 patients were able to hold the plug. 40% of 53 patients with SUI accepted the plug treatment. Part II: 14 patients completed the study. 4 pat. were subjectively and objectively cured, 3 were improved, 7 unchanged. The cured patients all had a low grade SUI with a urine loss of 3 g in the pad-weighing test before treatment. 12/21 pat, showed 1-2 urinary tract infections and 1 patient dropped out from the study because of recurrent urinary tract infections. In one patient a plug migrated into the bladder and was removed cystoscopically. In two case reports the possibility of symptomatic plug treatment for patients with severe stress incontinence after surgical and radiological treatment of cervical cancer is demonstrated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plug treatment is a broadening of the spectrum of conservative treatment of SUI as a symptomatic treatment in pat. with contraindications to anti-incontinence surgery and as a curative treatment in low grade SUI.
authors.affiliation: Frauenklinik, Kantonsspital Luzern.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Peschers
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zen Ruffinen
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Schaer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schüssler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014521:Urethra / Q000503:physiopathology; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016741:Urinary Sphincter, Artificial; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000502:physiology
vernacular_title: Der VIVA-Urethrastöpsel: Eine sinnvolle Erweiterung des Spektrums zur konservativen Therapie der Stressharninkontinenz?