title: Adverse effects after radical external beam radiotherapy of localized prostatic adenocarcinoma using two-dimensional dose-planning and a limited field technique.
abstract: Adverse effects were assessed after definitive limited field, 2-dimensional CT-planned radiation treatment of localized prostatic adenocarcinoma. In 66 surviving patients, out of a total of 176 treated patients, personal interviews were performed and self-administered questionnaires distributed. The average follow-up was 6.6 years. Adverse effects with regard to bowel function and micturition were investigated, and graded 0-4 with increasing severity and impact on performance status, essentially according to the RTOG toxicity scoring system. Sexual functions were registered on visual analogue scales. The majority of adverse effects were considered minor (grade 1) and did not require any treatment. Late adverse effects on bowel and bladder or urethra that required treatment (grade 2-4) were reported in up to 8% (n = 5) of cases respectively. Late bowel side-effects that interfered with life style (grade 3-4) occurred in up to 3% (n = 2) of patients; the majority were rectal complications. Corresponding urinary side-effects were registered in up to 6% (n = 4) of the patients. Major surgical interventions were not required. Sexual functions were substantially affected in 60% of cases not administered endocrine treatment. Multivariate analyses could not identify patient or treatment risk factors related to complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Akademiska sjukhuset, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ljung
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Häggman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hansson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Holmberg
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nilsson
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007420:Intestine, Large / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012007:Rectum / Q000528:radiation effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D012723:Sex; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014521:Urethra / Q000528:radiation effects; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000528:radiation effects; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014554:Urination / Q000528:radiation effects