title: Echocardiographic and radionuclide pulmonary blood flow patterns after transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transcatheter occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) has been associated with protrusion of the occluder device into the left pulmonary artery (LPA). This study was conducted to evaluate the significance of occluder protrusion and its implications for potential obstruction of the LPA and associated decrease of left lung perfusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-two patients underwent successful transcatheter PDA occlusion over a period of 5 years. In this study, 49 were reexamined between March and June 1995. In addition to clinical and echocardiographic examination, lung scintigraphy was performed. Protrusion into the LPA was present in 5 of 49 patients (10%). In these patients, maximal flow velocity in the LPA was significantly (P < .01) increased. Decreased left lung perfusion, defined as < 40% of total pulmonary blood flow, was found in 7 of 49 patients (14%). Although mean left pulmonary perfusion was significantly (P = .02) decreased in patients with protrusion, there was considerable overlap with patients without protrusion, and only a weak correlation was found (r = -.35, P = .01) between flow-velocity and left lung perfusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate that protrusion of the device in the LPA is an infrequent finding. If present, it is associated with increased maximal flow velocity in the LPA and diminished left lung perfusion. However, echocardiography and lung scintigraphy are weakly correlated: Increased maximal blood flow velocities in the proximal LPA proved to be a poor indicator or impaired left lung perfusion. Also, decreased perfusion occurs in the absence of echocardiographic evidence of device protrusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dessy
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Hermus
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: van den Heuvel
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Oei
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Krenning
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hess
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography