title: Outcome of sling cystourethropexy in the pediatric population: a critical review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We performed a critical retrospective analysis of the records of all consecutive children who underwent sling cystourethropexy at our institutions. We particularly assessed the incidence and outcome in children who underwent enterocystoplasty in addition to a sling procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between May 1992 and August 1994, 24 girls and 15 boys 4 to 17 years old (mean age 9) consecutively underwent 1 of 4 techniques of sling cystourethropexy for stress urinary incontinence using rectus fascia via an abdominal approach. Diagnoses included spinal dysraphism in 34 patients, spinal trauma in 2, cecoureterocele in 1, epispadias in 1 and classic bladder exstrophy in 1. All children underwent preoperative video urodynamics. In 4 patients only a sling procedure was performed (group 1), while in 9 others a sling procedure was performed after enterocystoplasty (group 2). In 26 patients a sling procedure and concomitant enterocystoplasty were performed (group 3).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients who underwent concomitant enterocystoplasty had more hyperactive preoperative urodynamics than those who did not. Postoperative continence was subcategorized in terms of patient age, sex, diagnosis (neurogenic versus nonneurogenic), preoperative video-urodynamics, surgeon technique, group (that is with or without cystoplasty) and type of enterocystoplasty (that is stomach versus ileum). Of these factors only concomitant enterocystoplasty was predictive of postoperative dry continence (73% of group 3, 33% of group 2 and 25% of group 1). In most patients who were not dry postoperative video urodynamics suggested suboptimal outlet resistance overcome by a hyperactive detrusor. No patient had postoperative upper tract deterioration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that concomitant enterocystoplasty should be critically considered for pediatric patients undergoing sling cystourethropexy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Emory University, Egleston Children's Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Broecker
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Massad
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Parrott
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Woodard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005205:Fascia; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D008297:Male; D012074:Remission Induction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014521:Urethra; D001743:Urinary Bladder; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000601:surgery*