title: Imaging of tuberculosis. IV. Spinal manifestations in 63 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the radiologic findings in patients with spinal tuberculosis (TB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Out of a total of 503 patients with TB, 63 (13%) had involvement of the spine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 40 patients, the spine was the only location; 20 patients had concomitant chest TB. Conventional radiographs gave a good overview, CT visualized the disko-vertebral lesions and the paravertebral abscesses, while MR imaging was useful to determine the spread of disease to the soft tissues and the spinal canal. The typical findings were destroyed vertebrae with associated paraspinal soft-tissue mass, with or without abscess formation, sometimes also involving the epidural space together with adjoining disk lesion and focal gibbus formation. Involvement of a single vertebra was a relatively common finding. Large psoas abscesses could occur without any signs of bone involvement. The TB process could sometimes be indistinguishable from malignant processes, and in 3 patients, with multiple lesions in the spine, it mimicked metastatic disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is stressed that TB should always be considered in the differential diagnosis when radiologic findings suggest spinal infections or primary or secondary spinal tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lindahl
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Nyman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brismar
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hugosson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lundstedt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D013131:Spine / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014399:Tuberculosis, Spinal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*