A review of NMDA receptors and the phencyclidine model of schizophrenia.
Current models of drug-induced psychosis insufficiently describe the symptoms of schizophrenia. Phencyclidine-induced psychosis is a model that more completely reflects the pathophysiology of the disease. By decreasing glutamatergic neurotransmission, phencyclidine decreases gamma-aminobutyric acid release from the nucleus accumbens, striatum, and hippocampus (manifested by MK-801); may inhibit tonic release of dopamine from the nucleus accumbens and striatum, resulting in increased dopamine phasic reactivity; and decreases long-term potentiation. Glutamatergic system dysfunction may be involved, but pharmacologic manipulation has not revealed a clear mechanism of this dysfunction.
Thornberg
S A
SA
Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, College of Pharmacy at Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA.
Saklad
S R
SR
D001923:Brain Chemistry; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D049673:History, 20th Century; D010622:Phencyclidine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011605:Psychoses, Substance-Induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000187:drug effects; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D010622:Phencyclidine