title: The relation of maternal complications to outcomes in very low birthweight infants in an era of changing neonatal care.
abstract: We examine the relation of key neonatal outcomes to pregnancy complications and to the use of antenatal steroids and investigate whether there is evidence of recent change in this relation. Complete information on pregnancy and neonatal course was available for 749 out of 949 singleton births without major congenital anomalies below 1501 g admitted to seven regional neonatal intensive care units between August 1, 1988 and June 30, 1991. Mortality was highest in infants born after labor with spontaneous rupture of fetal membranes of less than 24 hours duration (odds ratio [OR] = 1.6, 95% confidence interval [1.0, 2.6]). Spontaneous rupture of membranes of over 24 hours duration was associated with decreased risk of respiratory distress syndrome (OR = 0.42, [0.28, 0.64]) and decreased risk of patent ductus arteriosus (OR = 43, [0.28, 0.66]). Pregnancy induced hypertension was associated with increased risk of respiratory distress syndrome in those born at less than 20 weeks' gestation (OR = 6.0, [2.0, 17]). Labor with or without rupture of membranes of short duration was associated with increased risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (OR = 1.9, [1.2, 2.5]). These associations were not different in early versus late time periods of the study. Antenatal steroids were associated with dramatically reduced risk of mortality (OR = 0.20, [0.09, 0.50] ), respiratory distress syndrome (OR = 0.52, [0.32, 0.85]), and intraventricular hemorrhage (OR = 0.37, [0.21-0.65]).
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sadek
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gabbert
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Weinstein
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McGuinness
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Peters
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002585:Cesarean Section; D005260:Female; D005322:Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones