title: Effects of mild bladder outlet obstruction on rabbit bladder structure and function.
abstract: Mild bladder outlet obstruction was created in 42 New Zealand white rabbits by placing a 5-mm inner diameter polyethylene tube around the urethra. Periods of obstruction lasted for 1 day (7 rabbits), 3 days (7 rabbits), 1 week (7 rabbits), 2 weeks (6 rabbits), 4 weeks (7 rabbits), 6 weeks (4 rabbits) and 8 weeks (4 rabbits). Whole bladder functional study was performed in control (5 rabbits) and the obstructed bladders. The obstructed bladders increased in weight two-to threefold. There was no significant difference in bladder weight after different periods of obstruction. Electric stimulation showed a diminished response after 3 days of obstruction. Pharmacologic stimulation with 500 microM carbachol revealed a decreased response after obstruction, but intravesical pressure returned to the control level at 6 and 8 weeks of obstruction. However, the bladder weight and the expelling function of the obstructed bladders remained the same as on day 1 of obstruction. Histologic study of control and obstructed bladders revealed that: 1) dense submucosal fibrous tissue developed after 3 days of obstruction, 2) detrusor muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia were noted with intermuscular collagenous fiber deposition after 2 weeks of obstruction, 3) trabeculation of the bladder wall with hyperplasia of muscular bundles was noted after 2 weeks of obstruction, 4) acute edematous and inflammatory reaction were apparent after 3 days and 1 week of obstruction, but resolved later and 5) degenerative changes of muscular cells were noted at 8 weeks of obstruction. The results show that despite apparent morphologic changes after outlet obstruction, no significant difference was observed in bladder expelling between short-term and long-term infravesical mild outlet obstruction. The bladder contractile apparatus appears to have a compensatory ability after mild outlet obstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000503:physiopathology; D011817:Rabbits; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D002217:Carbachol