title: [Bacteria isolated in 1994-1995 in female upper genitalia infections and in male urethritis. Distribution and sensitivity to antibiotics].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Classify antibiotics according to their individual activity so as to identify those suitable for empiric therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied bacterial strains isolated from patients with urethritis (n = 189) and upper genital tract infections (n = 163) between June 1994 and February 1995 in 3 hospital and 4 community laboratories. Upper genital tract infections were divided into two groups: proven infection on laparoscopy specimen (n = 79) and suspected infection with isolation of pathogen in cervical samples (n = 84). Pathogens isolated were: Chlamydia trachomatis in 36/12/15 cases respectively, Mycoplasma hominis in 12/20/13, Ureaplasma urealyticum in 55/30/15, Neisseria gonorrhoeae in 40/2/0, Haemophilus spp in 20/2/1, group B streptococci in 7/1/8, E. coli in 8/1/17 and miscellaneous in 11/8/15. The minimal inhibitory concentrations for all strains were determined in 4 laboratories for ofloxacin, erythromycin and doxycyclin against C. trachomatis, M. hominis and U. urealyticum, and for ofloxacin, erythromycin, doxycyclin, amoxicillin+clavulanate, cefotaxime and gentamicin against the other strains. The activity score (% susceptibility to each antibiotic weighted by the frequencies of each isolate in urethritis and upper genital tract infection based on recent French epidemiologic data) was calculated for each antibiotic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The antibiotics with the best empiric activity scores in urethritis were, in decreasing order: doxycyclin (90.4%), ofloxacin (88.1%), and erythromycin (50.2%). The most active combinations in upper genital tract infections were ofloxacin+amoxicillin (100%), doxycyclin+cefotaxime+metronidazole (95.9%) and doxycyclin+amoxicillin (95.3%).
authors.affiliation: Service de Microbiologie et Centre MST, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Joly-Guillou
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Judlin
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lefevre
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Catalan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sednaoui
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Askienazy-Elbhar
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pastorini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pavis
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D014526:Urethritis / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
vernacular_title: Bactéries isolées en 1994-1995 au cours des infections gynécologiques hautes et des uréthrites masculines. Distribution et sensibilité aux antibiotiques.