title: A comparison of misoprostol with and without laminaria tents for induction of second-trimester abortion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to determine whether intracervical placement of laminaria tents would improve the effectiveness of the prostaglandin analog misoprostol for the elective termination of pregnancies in the second trimester.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-eight women between 12 and 22 weeks of gestation with either an intrauterine fetal death (n = 40) or medical or genetic indications for pregnancy termination (n = 30) were randomized to receive 200 micrograms of misoprostol administered vaginally every 12 hours with or without intracervical placement of laminaria concurrently with the first dose of misoprostol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rate of abortion 24 hours after initiation of treatment was 69.7% in the 33 women receiving misoprostol alone and 68.6% in the 35 women treated with misoprostol and laminaria. The abortion rates 48 hours after initiation of treatment were 84.8% and 91.4%, respectively, an insignificant difference. The complete abortion rate was also similar between women receiving misoprostol alone (39.3%) and the group receiving misoprostol and laminaria (37.5%). There were no significant differences in the incidence of fever, vomiting, diarrhea, or pain. The mean interval from initiation of treatment to abortion was also similar, 15.7 hours in those receiving misoprostol alone and 17.4 hours in those treated with misoprostol and laminaria. In both groups women who had live fetuses at the start of the procedure had a higher failure rate of abortion and a longer time interval to abortion than women whose fetus was dead.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laminaria tents inserted concurrently with the first dose of misoprostol do not significantly improve the abortifacient effect of vaginal misoprostol in the second trimester of pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Mishell
mesh_terms: D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal; D000028:Abortion, Induced; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007795:Laminaria; D016595:Misoprostol; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal; D016595:Misoprostol