title: Sonographic assessment of endometrial pattern and thickness in patients treated with human menopausal gonadotropins.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze sonographically the endometrium in patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation with menotropins in order to determine the significance of endometrial pattern and thickness on pregnancy rate.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective, nonrandomized study comparing pregnancy rates in patients with hyperechoic homogeneous patterns with those in patients with isoechoic or hypoechoic trilaminar patterns.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary infertility center.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients receiving menotropin therapy at a tertiary infertility center.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients received individualized dosing of hMG starting on cycle day 3. Transvaginal sonography was performed 15 hours before hCG administration and the endometrium was assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Occurrence of pregnancy as determined by serially rising beta-hCG titers and sonographic confirmation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, 175 patients were evaluated. Thirty-four (19%) patients had a homogeneous endometrium, whereas 141 (81%) patients had a trilaminar pattern. There was 1 pregnancy (2.9%) among women with a homogeneous endometrial pattern and 33 pregnancies (23%) among those with a trilaminar pattern. No significant differences were found in mean E2 level, follicle numbers, parity, and diagnosis between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients receiving menotropins, a homogeneous pattern is a bad prognostic sign, regardless of endometrial thickness.
authors.affiliation: University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (UMDNJ)-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Bohrer
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hock
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Rhoads
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kemmann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004717:Endometrium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008596:Menotropins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D008596:Menotropins