title: Surgery for lung metastases from colorectal cancer: analysis of prognostic factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify prognostic factors of improved survival after resection of isolated pulmonary metastases (PM) from colorectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of the records of all patients with PM from colorectal cancer who underwent thoracic surgery with curative intent before December 1992 at a single surgical center was performed. Univariate (log-rank) and multivariate (Cox's model) analyses of survival were used to identify significant prognostic factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-six patients with PM from colon (n = 49) or rectal (n = 37) cancer underwent 102 thoracic operations, which included 21 bilateral and 10 incomplete resections. The 5- and 10-year probabilities of survival (Kaplan-Meier) after the first thoracic operation were 24% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15% to 35%) and 20% (95% CI, 13% to 31%), respectively. Sex, age, site of the primary tumor (colon or rectum), disease-free interval (DFI), and previous resection of hepatic metastases were found not to be statistically significant prognostic factors. Complete resection, a limited number ( < two) of PM, and a normal prethoracotomy serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level were predictors of a longer survival duration by univariate analysis, but only complete resection (P = .024) and preoperative CEA level (P = .001) were identified as independent prognostic factors by multivariate analysis. The estimated 5-year survival rate of patients with a normal prethoracotomy CEA level was 60%, as compared with 4% in cases with elevated ( > 5 ng/mL) CEA level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Besides resectability, the prethoracotomy serum CEA level appears the most reliable predictor of survival in patients with isolated PM from colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris Choisy, Paris, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Girard
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ducreux
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baldeyrou
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rougier
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Le Chevalier
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bougaran
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lasser
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gayet
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruffié
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grunenwald
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen