title: Unilateral volume reduction after single-lung transplantation for emphysema.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Single-lung transplantation has become accepted therapy for patients with end-stage emphysema. Hyperinflation of the native lung can occur after single-lung transplantation with mediastinal shifting and compression of the transplanted lung. A volume reduction operation (pneumectomy) [corrected] may relieve symptoms of dyspnea and improve exercise tolerance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three of 66 patients who underwent single-lung transplantation for emphysema had development of native lung hyperexpansion and mediastinal shifting causing compression of the transplanted contralateral lung at 12, 17, and 42 months after transplantation. There were 2 men and 1 woman. Unilateral volume reduction was performed without complication in all 3 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were noted to have marked improvement in chest radiographs after volume reduction, substantial relief of dyspnea, and improvement in exercise tolerance. An improvement in pulmonary function test results was noted in 1 patient, but tests were not done for the other 2 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who undergo single-lung transplantation may have symptomatic hyperexpansion of the native lung requiring volume reduction months to years after transplantation. Unilateral volume reduction can be safely performed in the posttransplantation period.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Kroshus
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Bolman
authors.forename: V R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Kshettry
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000601:surgery*; D014797:Vital Capacity