title: Risk factors for recurrence in patients with stage IB, IIA, and IIB cervical carcinoma after radical hysterectomy and postoperative pelvic irradiation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify risk factors for cancer recurrence in patients with stage IB, IIA, and IIB cervical carcinoma after abdominal radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection and postoperative pelvic irradiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and eighty-seven patients with cervical carcinoma stage IB (n = 63), IIA (n = 43), and IIB (n = 81) disease who received abdominal radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection and postoperative pelvic irradiation were followed-up for 2-10 years. The histologic type, grade, lymphovascular tumor emboli, tumor size, invasion sites, deep cervical stromal invasion, and pelvic lymph node metastases were assessed for correlation with cancer recurrence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recurrence occurred in 45 cases (24%), of whom 40 had died of the disease at the 5-year follow-up period. Univariate proportional hazards analysis revealed that the significant risk factors were adenocarcinoma, bulky tumor size (4 cm or greater), lymphovascular tumor emboli, deep cervical stromal invasion, and lymph node metastases, especially iliac nodal metastases and bilateral nodal metastases. Multivariate proportional hazards analysis showed that bulky tumor size (hazard ratio 2.34), tumor emboli (hazard ratio 2.74) and iliac nodal metastases (hazard ratio 5.31) remained significant risk factors. In contrast, no deaths occurred in the other 142 cases who did not have recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This retrospective study suggests that stage IB, IIA, and IIB cervical carcinoma cases with the above-mentioned pathologic factors are at higher risk of recurrence after abdominal radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection and postoperative pelvic irradiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China.
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: D Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*