title: Gynaecological aspects of primary Sjogren's syndrome.
abstract: Female patients affected with Sjogren's Syndrome (SS) frequently describe symptoms such as vaginal dryness and dyspareunia; however, only a few controlled studies have regarded clinical involvement of the female external genitalia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was undertaken in order to: (1) Evaluate the involvement of external genitalia in a large number of female patients affected with primary SS (pSS) by semi-quantitative methods covering subjective symptoms and clinical evaluation. (2) Compare pSS patients with a matched healthy control group (pre- and post-menopausal women were separately studied). (3) Correlate the gynaecological involvement with salivary and lacrimal abnormalities in pSS patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 36 patients with primary SS (18 pre- and 18 post-menopausal women) and 43 healthy controls using a questionnaire regarding vulvar and vaginal dryness and a complete gynaecological examination. Subsequently, three scores related to vulvar and cervical status plus a global score were obtained. In primary SS patients, salivary and lacrimal involvement was also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dyspareunia was present in 61% and vaginal dryness in 55% of SS patients versus 39% and 33% of healthy controls. No significant differences regarding gynaecological scores were found between SS patients and controls, in both pre- and post-menopausal women, nor correlation was observed between gynaecological and lacrimal or salivary involvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that although SS patients frequently complain of dyspareunia and vaginal dryness they do not greatly differ from healthy subjects in regard to some major gynaecological aspects.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marchesoni
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mozzanega
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Sandre
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Romagnolo
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Gambari
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maggino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004414:Dyspareunia / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007766:Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D017697:Premenopause; D012466:Salivary Gland Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D014623:Vaginal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D014845:Vulvar Diseases / Q000209:etiology