title: Hydroxyethyl starch solution attenuates blood-brain barrier disruption caused by intracarotid injection of hyperosmolar mannitol in rats.
abstract: This study was performed to investigate whether a fraction of hydroxyethyl starch macromolecules, prepared from pentastarch and known as "Hes-Pz," with molecular weights of 100,000-1,000,000, protects against blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption due to intracarotid injection of hyperosmolar mannitol. Rats were anesthetized with isoflurane, and retrograde catheterization of a unilateral eternal carotid artery was performed. Except for the Control group (n = 8), hemodilution was performed using lactated Ringer's solution LR group, n = 7), 6% hetastarch (HES group, n = 7), or 6% HES-Pz (HES-Pz group, n = 8) to reduce the hematocrit to about 23%. The BBB transfer coefficient (Ki) of 14C-alpha-aminoisobutyric acid was determined after a unilateral intracarotid injection of 25% mannitol. Blood pressure and hematocrit were similar in all groups. In the control group, Ki was increased significantly in the ipsilateral cortex (IC) where mannitol was injected (16.3 +/- 6.1 vs 4.1 +/- 1.4 microL.min-1) when compared with the contralateral cortex (CC). Ki was similar in the CC in all four groups. The Ki in the IC was significantly lower in the HES-Pz(6.4 +/- 3.5 microL.g-1.min-1) than in the Control, HES, or LR group (16.3 +/- 6.1, 19.0 +/- 12.9, 17.9 +/- 10.8 microL.g-1.min-1, respectively). Our data suggest that HES-Pz significantly attenuates disruption of the BBB caused by an injection of hyperosmolar mannitol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-1977, USA.
authors.forename: O Z
authors.initials: OZ
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D000621:Aminoisobutyric Acids / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects*; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002339:Carotid Arteries; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004234:Diuretics, Osmotic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006400:Hematocrit; D006438:Hemodilution; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate
chemical_list: D000621:Aminoisobutyric Acids; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D004234:Diuretics, Osmotic; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D010952:Plasma Substitutes; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D008353:Mannitol