title: The role of preoperative investigations in predicting difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomies. Results in 200 consecutive cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  When we began laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) we set up a strict preoperative workup in order to assess whether currently available investigations could help predict difficult laparoscopic procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Reported here are the results of a prospective trial carried out in our first 200 consecutive patients, who underwent routine intravenous cholangiography (IVC), abdominal ultrasound scan (US), blood tests-namely, markers of biliary stasis (MBS)-and preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in case of clinically suspected common bile duct stones (CBDS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the basis of our experience we think that the US findings relate to the difficulty of the laparoscopic procedure more closely than the other preoperative investigations, and the association of US and liver chemistry provides an accurate evaluation of biliary stones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In agreement with data emerging from the literature, the preoperative investigations do not seem to be useful in predicting biliary and vascular complications, whose prevention lies in the adoption of correct surgical technique and a low threshold for conversion.
authors.affiliation: II Patologia Chirurgica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Viale del Policlinico, 00161, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Urbano
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Di Nardo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Simone
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Alfani
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cortesini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D042882:Gallstones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography