title: Evaluation of the prognostic significance of cathepsin D, epidermal growth factor receptor, and c-erbB-2 in early cervical squamous cell carcinoma. An immunohistochemical study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study evaluated the prognostic significance of immunohistochemical staining for cathepsin D, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and c-erbB-2 in patients with early cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective analysis comprised 132 patients, all subjected to radical hysterectomy with bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy for International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Stage IB cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining was correlated with various histopathologic and morphologic characteristics (i.e., tumor size, grade of differentiation, vessel invasion, invasion into parametria, and lymph node metastasis) and relapse free survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive staining for cathepsin D was observed in 47% of tumors, more frequent in tumors giving rise to lymph node metastases. The relapse free survival was lower for patients with cathepsin D positive tumors. Overexpression of EGFR was observed in 25.8% of the tumors. There was no correlation with any of the histopathologic variables investigated. Relapse free survival was lower for patients with tumors overexpressing EGFR. Immunohistochemical staining for c-erbB-2 was observed in 12.1% of tumors with no correlation with relapse free survival. In multivariate analysis, immunostaining of cathepsin D and EGFR obtained independent prognostic significance, and considered together (both negative, one positive, or both positive) was the strongest prognostic factor after tumor size.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immunohistochemical staining for cathepsin D and EGFR is useful as a tool for evaluation of tumor aggressiveness in patients with early cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Kristensen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Holm
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Abeler
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Tropé
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D002402:Cathepsin D / Q000032:analysis*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D002402:Cathepsin D; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases