title: Analysis of mutational changes at the HLA locus in single human sperm.
abstract: Using a simple and efficient single sperm PCR and direct sequencing method, we screened for HLA-DPB1 gene mutations that may give rise to new alleles at this highly polymorphic locus. More than 800 single sperm were studied from a heterozygous individual whose two alleles carried 16 nucleotide sequence differences clustered in six polymorphic regions. A potential microgene conversion event was detected. Unrepaired heteroduplex DNA similar to that which gives rise to postmeiotic segregation events in yeast was observed in three cases. Control experiments also revealed unusual sperm from DPB1 homozygous individuals. The data may help explain allelic diversity in the MHC and suggest that a possible source of human mosaicism may be incomplete DNA mismatch repair during gametogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089-1340, USA.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Erlich
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Goodman
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arnheim
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001483:Base Sequence; D005785:Gene Conversion / Q000235:genetics; D006682:HLA-DP Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D059868:HLA-DP beta-Chains; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008912:Minor Histocompatibility Loci; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009692:Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D006682:HLA-DP Antigens; D059868:HLA-DP beta-Chains; C071170:HLA-DPB1 antigen; D009692:Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes