title: Analysis of factors causing acute renal failure.
abstract: Factors leading to acute renal failure (ARF) were analysed in 376 consecutive patients between January 1993 and December, 1994 in a Karachi centre. Two hundred and sixteen (57%) had medical conditions, 86 (24%) obstetrical, 28 (7%) obstructive, 18 (5%) surgical and in 28 (7%) the causes were uncertain. Within the medical group, the causes were diarrhoea 30%, drugs 23%, malaria 15% and liver disease 5%. In the obstetrical group majority of the patients had multiple etiologies. Sixty percent of patients had ante-partum haemorrhage, 33% post-partum haemorrhage, intrauterine deaths were seen in 31%, septic abortions in 20% and pre-eclamptic toxemia in 22% cases. In the obstructive group, most of the patients had stone disease, where bilateral ureteric calculi constituted 57% of the cases. In surgical group, 11 (61%) had ARF due to post-operative complications. This data confirms the pattern of ARF from other third world countries where obstetrical and obstructive causes are high as compared to western countries.
authors.affiliation: Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Dow Medical College, Karachi.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Naqvi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akhtar
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yazdani
authors.forename: N Z
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: Naqvi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rizvi
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology*; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors