title: Spinal clonidine produces less urinary retention than spinal morphine.
abstract: We have conducted a double-blind, randomized study in two groups of 20 patients each, undergoing hip surgery during spinal anaesthesia, to compare the incidence of urinary retention after spinal morphine or clonidine. Patients received 0.5% spinal bupivacaine 15 mg combined with either clonidine 75 micrograms or morphine 0.2 mg. After operation, patients were examined for micturition, bladder distension, or both; when they failed to void, they received naloxone 0.2 mg, and if bladder distension persisted, a catheter was inserted. At 12 h, all patients in the morphine group but only five in the clonidine group had bladder distension, and at 24 h this was present in seven and one patient in the morphine and clonidine groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Naloxone was given in 16 and one, and a catheter was placed in one and six patients in the morphine and clonidine groups, respectively (P < 0.001). We conclude that spinal clonidine impaired bladder function to a lesser extent than morphine.
authors.affiliation: Département d'Anesthésie, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gentili
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bonnet
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002045:Bupivacaine; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009270:Naloxone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009270:Naloxone; D009020:Morphine; D003000:Clonidine; D002045:Bupivacaine