title: [History of "special therapeutic directions": the example of homeopathy].
abstract: As for generally accepted therapeutic methods, the "special methods" may appear to be effective due to spontaneous recovery provided by nature. A great number of sceptical physicians are aware of this fact. The pharmacologist works continuously to differentiate effects directly caused by medical treatments - mainly drugs - from effects resulting from spontaneous recovery. This is one of the most difficult problems in medical treatment. As a representative example of all "special methods", we concentrate here on the history of homeopathy. As is generally known, there is no conformity in homeopathy, for example monotherapy versus therapy with complex homeopathic products; refusing the simile-rule; treatment with high potencies versus treatment with low potencies; classic versus scholastic homeopathy. The number of homeopathies really equals the number of homeopathic physicians. For this reason, instruction in homeopathy on the academic level is impossible. In addition, we have to forget all natural laws only to prove that "potentiation" may be true. Therapeutic success due purely to chance may be explained rationally and is occasionally seen in all other "special methods". The theories of homeopaths for the action with homeopathic products are neither in accordance with our natural laws nor comply with a rational philosophy.
authors.affiliation: Pharmakologisches Institut der Universität Zürich.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Hopff
mesh_terms: D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000266:history; D005060:Europe; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006705:Homeopathy / Q000266:history*; D006801:Humans; D011781:Quackery / Q000266:history*; D014481:United States
vernacular_title: Geschichte der "besonderen Therapierichtungen": Beispiel Homöopathie.