title: A comparison of nifedipine once daily (Adalat LA), isosorbide mononitrate once daily, and isosorbide dinitrate twice daily in patients with chronic stable angina.
abstract: The efficacy of nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system (GITS), 60-90 mg o.d., isosorbide dinitrate, 40-60 mg b.d., and isosorbide mononitrate slow-release, 50-100 mg o.d. was assessed in a six week double-blind, parallel-group study in patients with stable angina on chronic beta-blocker treatment. Of 339 patients who entered the study, 229 were eligible for the valid case analysis of efficacy and 335 for the safety analysis. Nifedipine GITS was significantly better than isosorbide dinitrate (P < or = 0.025) in prolonging time to 1 mm ST-segment depression, time to maximum ST-segment depression, time to occurrence of angina and total exercise duration, in addition to reducing the number of angina attacks and glyceryl trinitrate consumption after six weeks therapy. Nifedipine GITS was also significantly better than isosorbide mononitrate (P < or = 0.025) in prolonging time to occurrence of angina and time to 1 mm ST-segment depression after six weeks therapy. The incidence of headache was considerably higher in both the isosorbide dinitrate and isosorbide mononitrate groups (40% and 41%, respectively) than in the nifedipine GITS group (9.5%, P < or = 0.001), and was the main reason for withdrawal from the study (isosorbide dinitrate 18/99, isosorbide mononitrate 17/99, nifedipine GITS 2/95). Peripheral oedema was more common in patients treated with nifedipine GITS (12.5%) compared to nitrates (2% in both groups, P < or = 0.01), but resulted in withdrawal of only one patient (treated with nifedipine GITS). This study suggests that the efficacy and tolerability of nifedipine GITS is superior to long acting nitrates as second-line therapy to beta-blockade in the treatment of chronic stable angina.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University College London Hospitals, UK.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Curry
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Steare
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000187:drug effects; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007548:Isosorbide Dinitrate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009543:Nifedipine; D007548:Isosorbide Dinitrate; C030397:isosorbide-5-mononitrate