title: Effects of rapid weight loss and wrestling on muscle glycogen concentration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of energy restriction and wrestling on muscle glycogen content in highly-trained male wrestlers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, unblinded intervention trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  McMaster University Nutrition and Metabolism Research Laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve highly trained male wrestlers volunteered as subjects and were randomly assigned to one of two groups (Group A, n = 6; Group B, n = 6) as defined below.
  
  
  METHODS
  All subjects were free of medical conditions that would preclude participation in the study and all had performed rapid weight loss at least three times/year with no medical complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group A: simulated wrestling tournament, four 5-min wrestling bouts ( > 7 h) following a 5% body weight loss and 17 h repletion period; Group B: 5% weight loss through energy restriction (1,141 kcal/day), exercise, fluid restriction, and dehydration methods (sauna) > 72 h.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group A: muscle glycogen content before and after wrestling tournament and plasma lactate after each bout; Group B: muscle glycogen before and after weight loss.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group A: no significant effect on muscle glycogen concentration, yet large increases were observed in blood lactate concentrations (up to 14.7 mmol/L); Group B: weight loss resulted in a 54% (p < 0.018) reduction in muscle glycogen concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The weight loss methods commonly performed by wrestlers resulted in large decreases in muscle glycogen concentration that were largely reversed during the 17-h repletion period between weigh-in and the start of the competition; participation in a wrestling tournament did not have a significant impact upon biceps brachii glycogen concentration when ad libitum feeding is allowed between matches.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tarnopolsky
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cipriano
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Woodcroft
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Pulkkinen
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: MacDougall
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001706:Biopsy; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*; D014952:Wrestling / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D007773:Lactates; D006003:Glycogen