title: Antifungal and molluscicidal saponins from Serjania salzmanniana.
abstract: An investigation of Serjania salzmanniana for biologically active substances has led to the isolation of two novel saponins, salzmannianoside A (3-O-[[beta-D- glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-alpha-L- arabinopyranosyl] gypsogenin) [3] and salzmannianoside B (3-O-[[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-[alpha-L- arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)] -alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl] hederagenin) (4). Two known saponins, pulsatilla saponin D (3-O-[[beta-D- glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-alpha-L- arabinopyranosyl] hederagenin) (1) and 3-O-[[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-a lpha-L- arabinopyranosyl] oleanolic acid (2) were also isolated from this plant. The structures of 3 and 4 were elucidated by FABMS and 2D NMR techniques. All these four saponins were mollusicidal, causing 70-100% mortality at 10 ppm against Biomphalaria alexandrina, a vector of Schistosoma mansoni in the Nile Valley. The saponins also showed antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans at minimal inhibitory concentrations of 8 and 16 micrograms/mL, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612, USA.
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Ekabo
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Farnsworth
authors.forename: T O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D001700:Biomphalaria; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000187:drug effects; D005002:Ethiopia; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008975:Molluscacides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D016339:Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D008975:Molluscacides; D012503:Saponins