title: The value of exfoliative urine cytology in combination with flexible cystoscopy in the diagnosis of recurrent transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the value of exfoliative urine cytology in predicting recurrent tumour in patients undergoing surveillance for transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) and to assess the suitability of these patients for flexible cystoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimens of early-morning and freshly voided urine were submitted 2 weeks before surveillance cystoscopy by 111 consecutive patients with known TCC. All patients then underwent cystoscopy under general anaesthesia. The urine specimens were analysed by two pathologists with no knowledge of the patients' history. Cytological findings were correlated with the findings of cystoscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urine cytology predicted 82% of all recurrent tumours found subsequently at cystoscopy; 60% of patients with non-neoplastic pathology had normal cystoscopy. Only 51% of patients with positive urine cytology were shown to have recurrent TCC, but 87% of patients with negative cytology had no recurrent tumours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urine cytology is a good adjunct to assessing the suitability of flexible cystoscopy in the follow-up of patients with transitional cell tumours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Broadgreen Hospital NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Loh
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Spedding
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Ashworth
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Kenyon
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Desmond
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000652:urine; D003558:Cystoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology* / Q000652:urine; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000652:urine