Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) production by astrocytoma cells and its effect on tumor growth.
We investigated the expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), G-CSF mRNA, and G-CSF receptor mRNA in astrocytoma cell lines, G-CSF in astrocytoma cyst fluid, and the effect of recombinant G-CSF on the proliferation of astrocytoma cells in vitro and in vivo. We first examined supernatants from astrocytoma cell lines for the presence of G-CSF by ELISA. G-CSF was expressed by 6 of 14 astrocytoma cell lines constitutively, and, was detected after stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in four of eight cell lines which did not produce G-CSF constitutively. G-CSF mRNA was detected by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in all cell lines studied, suggesting that astrocytoma cells have the potential to produce G-CSF. We also analyzed the presence of G-CSF by ELISA in five astrocytoma cyst fluids. G-CSF was detected in one case. Although, in vitro study, the growth of glioma cells was not affected by rG-CSF, in a mouse model, the administration of G-CSF significantly shortened the time to tumor appearance and accelerated tumor growth. These data suggest that G-CSF has a stimulatory effect on the proliferation of astrocytoma cells in vivo through the mediation of host factors.
Kikuchi
T
T
Department of Neurosurgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Nakahara
S
S
Abe
T
T
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D015979:Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D016188:Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016188:Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor