title: The effect of a history of conduct disorder in adult major depression.
abstract: This paper examines the impact of a history of conduct disorder on major depression in adulthood, including its symptomatology, comorbidity and response to tricyclic antidepressants. 103 subjects with DSM-III-R major depression were assessed for DSM-III-R axis I and II comorbidity, severity of depression, social functioning, general psychiatric symptomatology, early familial environment and family psychiatric history. 18 patients (17%) had a history of conduct disorder, 32 (31%) were subthreshold, and 53 (51%) had no childhood symptoms of conduct disorder. Depressed adults with a history of conduct disorder had significantly higher lifetime alcohol and drug dependence and virtually all (17/18, 94%) met criteria for a personality disorder. Despite this, the current episode of depression did not differ in severity, symptoms or response to treatment except that those with a history of conduct disorder were more likely to be agitated when depressed. The authors conclude that a history of conduct disorder is depressed patients predicts the presence of adult personality disorders and psychoactive substance dependence. In most other ways, depressed subjects with a history of conduct disorder were similar to other subjects.
authors.affiliation: National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Joyce
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D002997:Clomipramine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D003891:Desipramine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017831:Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010553:Personality Development; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D002997:Clomipramine; D003891:Desipramine