title: [Pulmonary toxoplasmosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. 21 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Assess expression of pulmonary toxoplasmosis, the second most frequent localization after brain, in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one HIV-infected patients (18M, 3F) were admitted for pulmonary toxoplasmosis between September 1987 and February 1995. Mode of HIV transmission was unprotected homosexual sexual activity (n = 16), intravenous drug abuse (n = 3) and transfusion (n = 2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Isolated pulmonary toxoplasmosis was found in 11 patients. In 10 patients pulmonary toxoplasmosis was associated with cerebral (n = 4), bone marrow (n = 2), ocular (n = 1) and multifocal (n = 3) localizations. Seven patients were admitted for acute pulmonary distress. Fever (reported for 20 patients) and nonproductive cough (reported for 16 patients) were the most common clinical symptoms. Chest roentgenogram revealed bilateral pulmonary infiltrates in 16 (76%) patients. Mean absolute CD4 count was 25 +/- 57 (range 0-110). Serologic evidence of past infection was observed in 18 patients. Serology tests were not done for two patients and negative for one. Two patients presented co-infection with Pneumocystis carinii. Fourteen patients had elevated serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration. Among those, 4 patients whose LDH concentration was elevated more than ten fold died of respiratory distress. Patients received pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine (n = 13) or clindamycin (n = 8). Seven patients died during the first month after diagnosis was made. For the other patients, mean survival was 8 months. No relapse of toxoplasmosis was observed. All the patients took a secondary prophylaxis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No difference between patient with isolated pulmonary toxoplasmosis and patients with associated extra-pulmonary localization was noted for clinical, biological, radiological presentations and outcome.
authors.affiliation: Service de Médecine interne, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mortier
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Poirot
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marteau
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Febvre
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Meynard
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Duvivier
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maury
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Picard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cabane
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008174:Lung Diseases, Parasitic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D013997:Time Factors; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
vernacular_title: Toxoplasmose pulmonaire chez les patients infectés par le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine. 21 observations.