title: Effects of low-protein diet supplemented with ketoacids on plasma lipids in adult chronic renal failure.
abstract: We designed a short-term randomized controlled study in 12 adult patients with chronic renal failure to assess the metabolic effects of a low-protein diet (LPD) supplemented or not with ketoacids (Cetolog, Clintec Corp., France). Dietary survey included a monthly 3-day food record and a 24-hour urinary urea measurement. After a baseline period (1.11 g protein, 31.7 kcal/kg BW/day), patients reduced their protein intake (PI) to 0.71 g/kg BW/day. Energy intake (EI) was kept constant (31.4 kcal/kg BW/day) during the 3-month period. Baseline plasma lipids did not show overt hyperlipemia. After reducing PI, a significant increase in apolipoprotein AI and the Apo-AI/Apo-B ratio was observed. Plasma Lp(a) levels were elevated at baseline and did not change during the 3-month LPD period. There was no difference between groups receiving ketoacids or not. Thus, in adult chronic renal failure, under a sufficient EI, reducing PI by 40% had a beneficial effect on plasma lipid profile. This improvement in lipid profile might reduce the high cardiovascular risk in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Edouard-Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fouque
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laville
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zech
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D018753:Diet, Protein-Restricted; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D007651:Keto Acids; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000178:diet therapy*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D017270:Lipoprotein(a) / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D007651:Keto Acids; D008055:Lipids; D017270:Lipoprotein(a); D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol