title: Omphalocele and pericardial effusion: possible sonographic markers for the pentalogy of Cantrell or its variants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pentalogy of Cantrell consists of defects involving the diaphragm, abdominal wall, pericardium heart, and lower sternum.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report three cases of the pentalogy of Cantrell (variant form), involving an omphalocele complicated by an anterior diaphragmatic hernia. In two cases, a pericardial effusion was noted at antenatal scanning; the case without a pericardial effusion had an intact diaphragmatic pericardium at surgical repair.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of a pericardial effusion in association with an omphalocele should prompt a detailed search for other features of the pentalogy of Cantrell or its variants.
authors.affiliation: Ultrasound and Prenatal Diagnosis Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Siles
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Boyd
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Manning
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsang
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chamberlain
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000002:abnormalities; D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006548:Hernia, Diaphragmatic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006554:Hernia, Umbilical / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D065630:Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital; D006801:Humans; D010490:Pericardial Effusion / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011247:Pregnancy; D013249:Sternum / Q000002:abnormalities; D013577:Syndrome; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal