title: Design of a physiologic pulsatile flow cardiopulmonary bypass system for neonates and infants.
abstract: Cardiopulmonary bypass surgical techniques that allow a surgeon to operate on the infant's heart use an extracorporeal circuit consisting of a pump, oxygenator, arterial and venous reservoirs, cannulae, an arterial filter, and tubing. The extracorporeal technique currently used in infants and neonates is sometimes associated with neurologic damage. We are developing a modified cardiopulmonary bypass system for neonates that has been tested in vitro and in one animal in vivo. Unlike other extracorporeal circuits which use steady flow, this system utilizes pulsatile flow, a low prime volume (500 ml) and a closed circuit. During in vitro experiments, the pseudo patient's mean arterial pressure was kept constant at 40 mmHg and the extracorporeal circuit pressure did not exceed a mean pressure of 200 mmHg. In our single in vivo experiment, the primary objective was to determine whether physiologic pulsatility with a 10 F (3.3 mm) aortic cannula could be achieved. The results suggest that this is possible.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Program, College of Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Undar
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Runge
authors.forename: O L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Felger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lansing
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Korvick
authors.forename: F O
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Bohls
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Ottmers
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: O'Dell
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ybarra
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Howelton
authors.forename: R Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Mireles
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Calhoon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D004867:Equipment Design; D005112:Extracorporeal Circulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010107:Oxygenators, Membrane / Q000592:standards; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; D011673:Pulsatile Flow / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride