title: The possible role of TNF-alpha and IL-2 in inducing tumor-associated metabolic alterations.
abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) in inducing cancer cachexia, and the results were compared with those obtained from our previous study on Fisher 344 rats with methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma. Three groups of male Fisher 344 rats received one of the following regimens: 4 x 10(4) IU of human recombinant TNF-alpha per rat per day subcutaneously (sc) for 5 consecutive days (n = 5), 3.5 x 10(5) U human recombinant IL-2 per rat per day sc for 14 consecutive days (n = 5), or normal saline (n = 5). The activities of both phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and malic enzyme (ME) were increased slightly in the IL-2 group. Furthermore, LPL activity was significantly increased in the adipose tissue of the TNF group and in the cardiac muscle of the IL-2 group, but not in that of the TNF group. These results show that there is a significant difference between the metabolic alterations seen in the tumor-bearing state and those induced by either TNF-alpha or IL-2 alone. Thus, it is unlikely that IL-2 or TNF-alpha is the sole mediator of cancer cachexia in this tumor and rat model.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Makino
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuzawa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002100:Cachexia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002273:Carcinogens; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000378:metabolism; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008748:Methylcholanthrene; D010729:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP) / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012513:Sarcoma, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D007376:Interleukin-2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D008748:Methylcholanthrene; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase; C030574:malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating); D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase; D010729:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP)