Swine and ruminant pestiviruses require the same cellular factor to enter bovine cells.
Pestiviruses initiate infection of susceptible cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Cellular plasma membrane or endosomal molecules involved in translocation of these viruses into the cytosol have not been unequivocally identified. We reported previously that a mutant cell line derived from Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells, termed CRIB-1, was resistant to infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus. CRIB-1 cells were also resistant to infection with classical swine fever virus and border disease virus of sheep, suggesting that entry of these three different pestiviruses into bovine cells requires a common cell membrane function. The resistance is pestivirus-specific: CRIB-1 cells were as susceptible as the parental MDBK cells to 14 other viruses of cattle and swine belonging to unrelated families. The resistance of CRIB-1 cells to pestivirus infection involves a block in virus entry since transfection of virus RNA or virus inoculation in the presence of PEG resulted in productive infection. Furthermore, quantitative analyses of the outcome of PEG-mediated infection of CRIB-1 cells indicated that the intracellular milieu was fully permissive for pestivirus replication. Binding studies revealed that virus attachment to CRIB-1 cells was not completely abrogated. These results indicate that entry of pestiviruses into MDBK cells depends on a common plasma membrane or endosomal function, which is lacking in CRIB-1 cells.
Flores
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EF
Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska at Lincoln 68583-0905, USA.
Kreutz
L C
LC
Donis
R O
RO
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018083:Border disease virus / Q000502:physiology; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology / Q000821:virology; D006692:Classical Swine Fever Virus / Q000502:physiology; D002999:Clone Cells; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004705:Endocytosis; D007668:Kidney; D051379:Mice; D010576:Pestivirus / Q000502:physiology*; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000502:physiology*; D012756:Sheep; D013045:Species Specificity; D013552:Swine
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D011991:Receptors, Virus