title: High-dose oral morphine in cancer pain management: a report of twelve cases.
abstract: We present 12 case reports from patients treated with more than 600 mg of morphine per day. We found no "opioid-nonresponsive pain" under treatment with a combination of morphine and nonopioids, supplemented with coanalgesics where appropriate. Side effects of morphine therapy were controlled with adjuvant drugs. Serious adverse effects were not observed. Episodes of break-through pain, dysphagia, and dyspnea caused by far advanced cancer disease were seen frequently.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Radbruch
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grond
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Zech
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bischoff
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D010148:Intractable Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009020:Morphine