title: Clozapine eligibility among state hospital patients.
abstract: Connecticut State Hospital's entire resident population (n = 1,300) was screened on an arbitrary target day to determine eligibility for clozapine. Sixty percent of 803 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder diagnoses met Food and Drug Administration (FDA)- approved criteria for clozapine use as judged by review of past medication trial records and by the responsible physicians. Eighty-eight percent of these patients were medically cleared, and of those cleared, 63 percent agreed to clozapine treatment. Of the patients who began a clozapine trial, 76 percent were still taking the drug 12 months later. Preliminary findings from a randomized trial of clozapine versus usual care (n = 227) indicate that discharge rates associated with clozapine and usual care do not differ. Once discharged, however, patients assigned to clozapine are less likely to be readmitted. Hence, clozapine may be more cost-effective than usual care. However, before savings can be realized, State governments will have to make up-front investments of approximately $140 million simply to give patients hospitalized on a single day a year's access to clozapine.
authors.affiliation: Connecticut Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Hartford 06106, USA.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Essock
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Hargreaves
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Dohm
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goethe
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carver
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hipshman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003024:Clozapine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003237:Connecticut; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004608:Eligibility Determination; D005260:Female; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric / Q000191:economics; D006783:Hospitals, State / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000191:economics; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003024:Clozapine