title: Can postmenopausal hormone replacement improve plasma lipids in women with diabetes? The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Investigators.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to evaluate the association of postmenopausal hormone replacement with plasma lipids in diabetic women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional data from a multiracial population study were used to evaluate the relationship of hormone replacement status with plasma lipids in diabetic (n = 694) versus nondiabetic (n = 5,321) postmenopausal women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although diabetic women who currently used hormone replacement had higher adjusted mean HDL cholesterol levels than those who did not (56.9 vs. 53.6 mg/dl), they had proportionately lower hormone-related increases in HDL, HDL2, and HDL3 cholesterol than did nondiabetic women (HDL cholesterol 64.9 [current users] vs. 55.7 mg/dl [those who never used hormones]). There was a trend toward greater triglyceride values with hormone replacement in diabetic women (156.6 [current users] vs. 125.4 mg/dl [those who never used hormones]) than in nondiabetic women (143.3 [current users] vs. 123.7 mg/dl [those who never used hormones]). LDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B levels were lower and apolipoprotein A-I levels were higher with hormone replacement, to a similar degree in diabetic and nondiabetic women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetic women appear to have a blunted response to the HDL-raising effects of estrogen and an exaggerated hypertriglyceridemic response. This may result in attenuated cardioprotection from postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy and potentially an increased risk of acute pancreatitis from hypertriglyceridemia. The risks and benefits of postmenopausal hormone replacement need to be carefully weighed in diabetic women.
authors.affiliation: Iowa Heart Center, Des Moines, USA.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Folsom
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Nabulsi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Brancati
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007383:Intermittent Claudication / Q000453:epidemiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D015995:Prevalence; D044469:Racial Groups; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol