title: A chondrodysplasia family produced by mutations in the diastrophic dysplasia sulfate transporter gene: genotype/phenotype correlations.
abstract: Achondrogenesis type 1B (ACG-1B), atelosteogenesis type 2 (AO-2), and diastrophic dysplasia (DTD) are recessively inherited chondrodysplasias of decreasing severity caused by mutations in the diastrophic dysplasia sulfate transporter (DTDST) gene on chromosome 5. In these conditions, sulfate transport across the cell membrane is impaired which results in insufficient sulfation of cartilage proteoglycans and thus in an abnormally low sulfate content of cartilage. The severity of the phenotype correlates well with the predicted effect of the underlying DTDST mutations: homozygosity or compound heterozygosity for stop codons or transmembrane domain substitutions mostly result in achondrogenesis type 1B, while other structural or regulatory mutations usually result in one of the less severe phenotypes. The chondrodysplasias arising at the DTDST locus constitute a bone dysplasia family with recessive inheritance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Superti-Furga
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Steinmann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gitzelmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D027321:Anion Transport Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002895:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009154:Mutation; D010009:Osteochondrodysplasias / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D000076988:Sulfate Transporters
chemical_list: D027321:Anion Transport Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C089651:SLC26A2 protein, human; D000076988:Sulfate Transporters