Pretransplant rejection risk assessment through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis of anti-HLA class I antibodies.
Soluble HLA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the detection of anti-HLA class I immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgM, and IgA antibodies were developed and used to analyze retrospectively the correlation between pretransplant allosensitization and posttransplant rejection episodes in renal allograft recipients. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay plates were coated with 46 different soluble HLA preparations representing 40 different HLA class I antigens. After incubation with a serum specimen, bound antibodies were detected with a peroxidase-conjugated antibody. Serum specimens from 85 patients were analyzed. All patients tested positive by microlymphocytotoxicity (ie, >5% panel-reactive antibody [PRA]). Approximately half (56%) of the patients had experienced one or more rejection episodes within 12 months posttransplantation. Fifty-five patients tested positive by ELISA (total IgG %PRA >10%). A strong correlation between first-year rejection and ELISA-detected anti-HLA class I IgG1 was observed (P = 0.0004). The predictive value for IgG1 and first-year rejection was 77.5%, demonstrating that ELISA results identify patients at high risk of rejecting the transplanted kidney. Anti-HLA class I total IgG detected by ELISA also correlated with first-year rejection episodes (P = 0.04). The presence of anti-HLA class I IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, or IgM was not predictive of first-year rejection episodes. Anticlass I IgA antibodies were only found in combination with anti-class I IgG1 antibodies.
Regan
J
J
SangStat Medical Corporation, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
Monteiro
F
F
Speiser
D
D
Kalil
J
J
Pouletty
P
P
Buelow
R
R
D000918:Antibody Specificity; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000276:immunology*; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000032:analysis*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D007136:Immunoglobulins