[Anticoagulant related hemorrhage and thromboembolism after valvular surgery].
We reviewed anticoagulant related hemorrhage (ACRH) and thromboembolism (TE) in 84 patients after valvular surgery. There were 45 females and 39 males with a mean age of 51.8 years (range 30.5-71.2 years), who underwent valvuloplasty in 14, bioprosthetic valve replacements in 17, mechanical valve replacements in 13. A mean period from the operation to the event were 2.7 years (range 0.01-12.3 years). There were 25 ACRH events after one valvuloplasty, 4 bioprosthetic valve replacements, 20 mechanical valve replacements. About half of them, the prothrombin time were less than 25%, which was considered the effect of warfarin is high, and 8% of them had infective endocarditis (IE) previously. There were 59 TE events after 13 valvuloplasties, 13 bioprosthetic valve replacements, 33 mechanical valve replacements. In the patients with atrial fibrillation, TE occurred irrespective of operative procedures. And in the patients with mechanical valve, severely impaired left ventricular function and past history of IE, thrombi of left ventricule were caused of TE. It was suggested that past history of IE was a risk factor ACRH and TE, and severely depressed left ventricular function and atrial fibrillation were for TE.
Okada
K
K
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan.
Eishi
K
K
Nakano
K
K
Kobayashi
J
J
Sasako
Y
Y
Isobe
F
F
Kosakai
Y
Y
Kitoh
Y
Y
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000209:etiology; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000209:etiology*; D014859:Warfarin / Q000009:adverse effects
D000925:Anticoagulants; D014859:Warfarin