title: T1 and T2 relaxation times of the major 1H-containing metabolites in rat brain after focal ischemia.
abstract: The relaxation properties of water and metabolites were measured in rat brain following the occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) with localized 1H MRS. The PRESS sequence was employed to select volumes of 39 microL in the ischemic and the contralateral hemisphere. T1 and T2 relaxation times and peak intensities of water, choline containing compounds (Cho), creatine and phosphocreatine (Cre) and N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) in both hemispheres were determined at 3-6 h, 1 day and 3 or 4 days after occlusion. Lactate in the ischemic hemisphere was also quantified. The relaxation properties and peak intensities of NAA, Cre and Cho remained unchanged in the ischemic volume during the first 3-6 h of ischemia as compared to the contralateral volume. Water T2 was slightly increased in the ischemic volume. After 24 h the T1 and T2 of water and Cre and the T1 of Cho had increased significantly in the ischemic volume, while the peak intensities of Cho, Cre and NAA were reduced. It appears therefore that tissue changes which occur in the early phase of ischemia have no significant effects on the relaxation behaviour of the metabolites. However, ischemic brain damage affects the relaxation behaviour and concentration of the metabolites and water at later stages.
authors.affiliation: Department of in vivo NMR, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van der Toorn
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Dijkhuizen
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Tulleken
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nicolay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000378:metabolism*; D007773:Lactates / Q000378:metabolism; D019344:Lactic Acid; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D007773:Lactates; D010725:Phosphocreatine; D005973:Glutamine; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; C000179:N-acetylaspartate; D003401:Creatine; D002794:Choline