title: Extradural tethering effect as one mechanism of radiculopathy complicating posterior decompression of the cervical spinal cord.
abstract: METHODS
  This study used anatomical and clinical data to analyze the postoperative tension-status of cervical roots after posterior decompression of the cervical spinal cord. The efficacy of longitudinal durotomy with regard to prevention of postoperative palsy was investigated in a controlled study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the mechanism of postoperative radiculopathy and to prevent its occurrence.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Previous anatomical studies by the authors revealed that the posteromedial shift of the dura-root junction following posterior bulging of the cervical dural sac exerted a traction force on the portion of the roots outside the dural sac and reduced the tension on the rootlets inside the dural sac. These traction-related phenomena disappear after longitudinal durotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lengths of various parts of an anterior root were measured in 20 Japanese adult cadavers. The shortest pre- and postoperative distances between the anterolateral mid-edge of the spinal cord and dura-root junction were compared, using computed tomography-myelograms of postoperative C5 radiculopathies. The effects of longitudinal durotomy were also investigated in a controlled study involving 118 patients with laminoplasty.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The length ratio between the longest and shortest anterior rootlet in each cervical root showed fairly constant values. Clinically, the length of the shortest rootlet could be calculated using a myelogram. Radiographical findings in cases of postoperative radiculopathies suggested increased tension on roots outside the dural sac but not on rootlets inside the dural sac. Application of longitudinal durotomy in a type of lateral opening laminoplasty resulted in the disappearance of postoperative radiculopathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An extradural tethering effect was suggested as one mechanism leading to postoperative radiculopathy. Durotomy may be useful in the treatment of postoperative palsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical School, Kawagoe, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsuzuki
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saiki
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhongshi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009408:Nerve Compression Syndromes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D011859:Radiography; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000601:surgery*; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome