title: Deposition of malathion and permethrin on sod grass after single, ultra-low volume applications in a suburban neighborhood in Michigan.
abstract: Deposition of malathion and permethrin onto grass surfaces, after ultra-low volume (ULV) application, was studied in a suburban neighborhood in Saginaw County, Michigan. Commercial concentrates of malathion (Cythion ULV) and permethrin (Biomist 4 + 12) were sprayed using a truck-mounted ULV aerosol generator. Sod-grass blocks (0.18 m2) were placed in the frontyard and backyard of homes in the neighborhood at 4 distances to 91.4 m from the road where applications were made. Grass samples were taken from the sod blocks before application and at 15 min, 12 h, 24 h, and 36 h after application. Samples were extracted with solvent, and extractions were subjected to gas-liquid chromatography for detection of malathion and permethrin. Ranges of detection for malathion were 0.0-16.6 mg/0.18 m2 and for permethrin were 0.0-25.9 mg/0.18 m2. Most detections were from samples taken nearest the road at 15 min after application. Detections declined as a logarithmic function of time after application and as an exponential function of distance from the road.
authors.affiliation: Saginaw County Mosquito Abatement Commission, MI 48602, USA.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Knepper
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kamrin
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zabik
mesh_terms: D008294:Malathion; D008824:Michigan; D009032:Mosquito Control; D026023:Permethrin; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D006109:Poaceae; D011722:Pyrethrins
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011722:Pyrethrins; D026023:Permethrin; D008294:Malathion