title: [Sequential observations of brain edema with proton magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy].
abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between morphological and metabolic changes in brain edema using proton magnetic resonance systems. The serial changes during the first 24 hours in the cold-injury trauma rat brain model were investigated by proton magnetic resonance imaging (1H MRI) and high-resolution proton MR spectroscopy (1H MRS). We also analyzed the efficacy of AVS 1,2-bis (nicotinamide)-propane which can scavenge free radicals to the edema in this experiment. The edema was developing extensively via the corpus callosum in ipsi- and contralateral hemispheres as shown by gradually increased signal intensity on 1H MRI. 1H MRS initially showed accumulation of acetate and lactate, and transient increasing of glutamine. After 24 hours, the increased glutamine decreased below the control, alanine increased, and N-acetyl asparatate decreased with the edema development. AVS-treatment significantly suppressed edema development, increases of lactate and alanine and decreases of N-acetyl asparatate. We suggest that the cold-induced lesion contains anaerobic glycolysis deterioration and results in severe brain tissue breakdown. AVS is proved valuable for the treatment of this edema lesion. Clinical 1H MRS showed prolonged lactate elevation and significant decreases of other metabolites in human ischemic stroke edema. In peritumoral edema, decreased N-acetyl asparatate gradually improved, and slightly elevated lactate disappeared after tumor removal. 1H MRS feasibly characterizes the ischemic and peritumoral edema and makes a quantitative analysis in human brain metabolism. We believe the combined 1H MRI and MRS study is a practical method to monitor the brain conditions and will make it easy and possible to find new therapeutic agents to some brain disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamada
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000378:metabolism; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D011522:Protons; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D007773:Lactates; D011522:Protons; D005973:Glutamine; D009536:Niacinamide; C042625:nicaraven