title: Cocaine transiently impairs maternal behavior in the rat.
abstract: This paradigm distinguished between two hypotheses not previously directly addressed. Do repeated exposures to cocaine at critical times during pregnancy, when the neural mechanisms that support maternal behavior are being read, alter some fundamental neural underpinning of maternal behavior in rats? Alternatively, does cocaine alter maternal behavior only when circulating? During the 4 hr after cocaine injection (20 or 40 mg/kg), there were significant deficits in maternal behavior. In contrast, 16 hr after cocaine injection, drug-injected females, in which plasma cocaine had fallen to nondetectable levels, showed the normal maternal behavior of saline-injected controls. This pattern of impaired maternal behavior after cocaine injection, followed by normal behavior as blood levels returned to zero, was replicated over 8 days. It was concluded that cocaine impairs maternal behavior only when circulating and does not have a residual effect in the transiently drug-free, chronically drug-treated dam.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Behavior, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, Newark 07102, USA. vernotica@axon.rutgers.edu
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Vernotica
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Lisciotto
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rosenblatt
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Morrell
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D003042:Cocaine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008425:Maternal Behavior / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate / Q000502:physiology; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009425:Nesting Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D003042:Cocaine