title: Determination of cadmium-metallothioneins in zebra mussels exposed to subchronic concentrations of Cd2+.
abstract: Metallothioneins have been detected and investigated in zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) using high-performance liquid chromatography (size exclusion) coupled with microatomization-AAS or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The mussels were exposed to 0.2, 2, and 20 micrograms/liter Cd2+ (as CdCl2) for 1 month under controlled temperature and dietary conditions. Elevated (relative to control) concentrations of tissue Cd2+ were detected in all specimens exposed to 2 micrograms Cd/liter and more than 50% of the specimens exposed to 0.2 micrograms Cd/liter, demonstrating that Dreissena cannot regulate Cd2+ at trace exposure concentrations. In most specimens, at least 85% of the measured Cd2+ was bound to metallothioneins. After reduction and exposure to excess Cd2+, the metallothionein fraction of all extracts adsorbed similar quantities of Cd2+, indicating that the physiological concentration of metallothionein in the exposed specimens remained similar to the basal concentration in the control specimens. Thus, a short-term exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of Cd2+ did not produce a genetic induction of metallothionein biosynthesis as generally observed in specimens exposed to higher concentrations of d10 metals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Ste-Anne de Bellevue, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tessier
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Blais
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism*; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D008668:Metallothionein; D019256:Cadmium Chloride