title: Hypercalcemia reduces renal medullary content of organic osmolytes.
abstract: Hypercalcemia is often associated with a urinary concentration defect. During antidiuresis, organic osmolytes [sorbitol, myo-inositol, taurine, and glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC)] accumulate in the renal inner medulla and are essential for urinary concentration. To clarify the relationship between organic osmolytes and urinary concentration defect in hypercalcemia, examination was made of the effects of hypercalcemia on renal medullary osmolytes content. Rats were put in a state of hypercalcemia by a calcium-rich diet supplemented with CaCO3 (2.5%/wt) and daily s.c. injection of 1.25(OH)2VitD3 (1.6 micrograms/kg). They were killed on days 7 and 14. Hypercalcemia induced a urinary concentration defect. Myo-inositol, sorbitol, and GPC contents in the renal medulla were significantly reduced. Aldose reductase activity decreased significantly. Hypercalcemia would thus appear to directly affect renal medullary content of organic osmolytes, thereby modifying renal concentration ability.
authors.affiliation: Fifth Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakahama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugita
mesh_terms: D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007671:Kidney Concentrating Ability / Q000187:drug effects; D007679:Kidney Medulla / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase