title: [Toxicity of drugs on nasal mucocilia and the method of its evaluation].
abstract: Effect of solutions or suspensions of eight drugs including analgin, paracetamol, propafenone hydrochloride, propranolol hydrochloride, ephedrine hydrochloride, gentamycin sulfate, sodium deoxycholate and hydrocortisone on ciliary movement were evaluated with in vitro or in situ toad palate model and scanning electron microscope. In vitro toad palate model: 0.2 ml of test drug solution or suspension was applied to a piece of freshly dissected upper palate of toad. The mucocilia were examined with an optical microscope and the lasting time of ciliary movement was recorded after drug application. The upper palate was rinsed with physiological saline when the ciliary movement stopped. The lasting time of ciliary movement after rinsing was then recorded again. In situ palate model: 0.5 ml of test drug solution or suspension was applied to the upper palate of toad for 30 min, and rinsed with physiological saline. The palate was dissected out and the operation was carried out in a similar manner. The results showed that the in situ toad palate model is a satisfactory method for studying the ciliotoxicity of drugs. The in vitro toad palate model is unsuitable for suspension and gel. The results of the eight drugs revealed that ciliary movement is frequently affected by many drugs and, therefore, care must be taken in developing any nasal dosage form to ensure its least ciliotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biopharmaceutics, Shanghai Medical University.
authors.forename: X G
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: X L
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: N Z
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: Xi
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000633:toxicity; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000633:toxicity*; D002023:Bufo bufo; D002923:Cilia / Q000187:drug effects; D004177:Dipyrone / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D010159:Palate / Q000187:drug effects; D011405:Propafenone / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000082:Acetaminophen; D004177:Dipyrone; D011405:Propafenone