title: Dependence of retinopathy (and other complications) on glycaemic control and on weight over 5/10 years from diagnosis of type II diabetes.
abstract: Glycosylated haemoglobins and weights were recorded for 200 consecutive diabetic clinic attenders seen yearly for 5 years, 76 of whom were also seen up to 10 years from diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, representing 1380 patient years. Weight fluctuation (> 3 kg) was associated with increased final prevalence of hypertension, macroalbuminaemia and a raised creatinine (P < 0.002) but this relationship was abolished by correction for higher initial weight. Average glycaemia over 5/10 years [itself related to initial weight in women on tablets (N = 53) but not others, and to waist but not waist/hip ratio], correlated with prevalence and severity of retinopathy (N = 200; r = 0.38, P < 0.0006) seen also in the subgroup of patients on tablets (N = 145, P < 0.006). At HbA1 levels > 10.5% an increased prevalence of retinopathy was seen in those on insulin (N = 37, P < 0.001) and an increased prevalence of peripheral vascular disease was seen in men but not women (x2 = 2.87, P < 0.01) as well as in the prevalence of neuropathy. These findings suggest that good glycaemic control is of value in type 2 diabetes and less easily achieved in obesity.
authors.affiliation: Medical Unit, London Hospital Medical College, England.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Boucher
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tsoumanis
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noonan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Holmes
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000209:etiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin