[Imaging science and technology in diagnostic radiology: expectations in the second century of Roentgen's discovery of X-rays].
During the first century since the discovery of X-rays by Roentgen in 1885, imaging technology has contributed significantly to the progress of diagnostic radiology, mainly by providing various methods and techniques for production of diagnostic images. In the next century, it is expected that imaging science and technology will contribute to the most important process of diagnostic decision makings by radiologists and physicians by providing quantitative analyses of medical images using high-speed computers. The computer output may be used as a "second opinion" to assist radiologists' interpretation of images. This concept has been investigated as computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) during the last ten years in chest radiography and mammography for detection of lesions and characterization of normal and abnormal patterns. The aim of CAD is to improve the accuracy and the consistency of radiologic diagnoses. In this article, recent results are presented on the detection of lung nodules and pneumothoraces as well as quantitative analyses of interstitial infiltrates and cardiomegaly in chest radiographs. In mammography, CAD schemes are being developed for detection of clustered microcalcifications and masses. Recently, the prototype mammography intelligent workstation has been implemented in the clinical section of our department and initial clinical results from screening cases appear promising.
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Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Illinois, USA.
D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D011859:Radiography / Q000639:trends; D013679:Technology, Radiologic / Q000639:trends