title: Effect of spinal infusion of L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, on spinal tolerance and dependence induced by chronic intrathecal morphine in the rat.
abstract: Systemic L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester or L-NAME (LN), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, has been reported to attenuate systemic opioid tolerance and withdrawal. Intrathecal co-administration of LN (100 and 500 nmol/microliter per h) with spinal morphine produced only a small diminishing attenuation of tolerance and attenuated only one of seven signs of withdrawal. These results show that LN has little effect on morphine tolerance and withdrawal at spinal sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology 0818, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dunbar
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Yaksh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009021:Morphine Dependence / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D009294:Narcotics / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D009020:Morphine; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester