title: Correction of severe blepharoptosis.
abstract: An analysis is made of 81 patients with severe blepharoptosis who underwent correction with autogenous fascia. In case of severe blepharoptosis, which means a levator function of less than 5 mm, correction by levator resection gives insufficient results. Better results are obtained by frontalis suspension, whereby the upper eyelid is connected to the frontalis muscle using fascia lata strips according to Crawford. The operative technique is described in detail. Particular interest has been paid to the width of the vertical lid fissure and symmetry between both upper eyelids after operation. The overall results were rated satisfactory to excellent with an average of 9 mm of postoperative vertical lid fissure. Comparison of the results of unilateral versus bilateral blepharoptosis correction revealed better results in the group of bilateral ptosis correction. In 76% of the bilateral patients, there was an asymmetry of less than 0.5 mm between both palpebral fissures, while in the unilateral group this result was achieved in only 35% of the cases. Symmetry is difficult to achieve in the unilateral group, especially when the vertical lid fissure of the nonptotic eye is 10 mm or more. In these cases, correction of both upper eyelids should be considered. The best time to operate on patients with severe congenital blepharoptosis is around the age of 4 to 5 years, because lagophthalmus after operation is better tolerated and the leg has developed sufficiently to provide an adequate amount of fascia. The correction of severe blepharoptosis by frontalis suspension with autogenous fascia shows a high rate of success and few complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Deenstra
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Melis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kon
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Werker
mesh_terms: D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000601:surgery*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013518:Surgery, Plastic; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome