title: Inhibition of the protease activity in tracheobronchial aspirates of horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the role of proteolytic enzymes in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in horses, and to investigate new possibilities for treatment of this disease by interfering in the proteolytic process.
  
  
  METHODS
  Effect of antiproteolytic activity of selected protease inhibitors on tracheal aspirates was studied in vitro, and the inhibition profiles were compared with those of purified proteases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Respiratory tract secretions with antiproteolytic activity from 9 horses with COPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Caseinolytic agar-diffusion assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The protease-inhibition profile of tracheal aspirates differed from horse to horse. The profiles did not resemble that of any of the pure proteases. Acetylcysteine, pentamidine, and diminazene were most effective in inhibiting proteolytic activity in tracheal aspirates in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A mixed type of proteolytic activity is present in the respiratory tract secretions of horses with COPD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acetylcysteine, pentamidine, and diminazene seem to have potential to be used in vivo to protect the lungs of horses with COPD from proteolytic damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Koivunen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maisi
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sandholm
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004133:Diminazene / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000502:physiology; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology; D006736:Horses; D005779:Immunodiffusion; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010419:Pentamidine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013396:Suction / Q000662:veterinary; D014132:Trachea / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D010419:Pentamidine; D010450:Endopeptidases; D000111:Acetylcysteine; D004133:Diminazene