title: Antigen binding differences between secreted and cell surface expressed rheumatoid factor derived from inflamed synovium.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Rheumatoid factor (RF) is the predominant autoantibody in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). but its role in the pathogenesis of RA remains unclear. We hypothesized that surface RF (sRF) expressed on antigen presenting B cells (B-APC) might have different binding specificities than secreted RF.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined RF binding in a novel RF antigen capture enzyme linked immunoassay (ACE) that mimicked sRF binding, and compared it with a direct binding enzyme linked immunoassay (DBE) that mimicked secreted RF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences in binding characteristics by the same rheumatoid synovial cell (RSC) derived monoclonal RF (mRF) were observed between the ACE and the DBE. For example, several mRF that demonstrated the classical Ga binding pattern (binding to IgG1, 2, and 4) in the DBE showed considerable binding to selected IgG3 proteins in the ACE; and several mRF that bound only to rabbit IgG in DBE bound to human IgG in the ACE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These RF reactivity differences may be attributed to conformational modifications in the RF and IgG molecules that expose different epitopes or altered binding sites depending on the physical state of the antibody and/or antigen and may be important pathogenically.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Kenny
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leider
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Duong
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Robbins
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000502:physiology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000939:Epitopes; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D011817:Rabbits; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor