title: [Anomalous venous drainage of the left lung. Clinical and surgical findings and diagnostic difficulties].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze clinical and surgical aspects of patients with anomalous left pulmonary venous drainage (ALPVD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven patients, 3 males, with ages ranging from 18 months to 29 years were retrospectively studied, by analyzing the symptoms, electrocardiograms, chest X-ray, echocardiograms, angiography and surgical technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients, but one, were symptomatic being the effort dyspnea the most prevalent symptom. Electrocardiogram showed incomplete right bundle branch block in all but one case. Chest X-ray showed prominent pulmonic vessels (6 patients), different degrees of cardiomegaly (6) and a left superior vena cava like image (3). Echocardiography correctly depicted the anomaly in 4 cases. The ALPVD was lobar in 4 cases and total in 3. In 3 patients there was pulmonary hypertension and in one venous drainage obstruction (8mmHg gradient). Six patients were operated on, 3 through a sternotomy approach with cardiopulmonary bypass and other 3 through a left thoracotomy without cardiopulmonary bypass.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ALPVD has varying clinical repercussion and its clinical picture resembles atrial septal defect. Some cases may present diagnostic difficulties and echocardiograms may result in false negative findings. Cardiac catheterization is important to obtain detailed anatomic diagnosis, to evaluate the degree of pulmonary hypertension and to rule out venous obstruction. Left thoracotomy without extracorporeal circulation is indicated in ALPVD without associated defects.
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, UNIFESP, São Paulo.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carlos Carvalho
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kiyochi Takimura
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Camelo Silva
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Correa Lima
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aguiar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maluf
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carlos Andrade
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies
vernacular_title: Drenagem venosa anômala de pulmão esquerdo. Achados clínicos e cirúrgicos e dificuldades diagnósticas.