title: [Transforming growth factor-beta and its receptors].
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is a family of multifunctional proteins that inhibit the growth of most cell types, and these proteins induce the deposition of extracellular matrix. TGF-beta inhibits the growth and migration of endothelial cells in vitro, but induces angiogenesis in vivo. TGF-beta belongs to a larger superfamily known as the TGF-beta superfamily, which includes activins and bone morphogenetic proteins. TGF-beta is produced as latent high molecular weight complexes from producer cells and is then activated by plasmin or thrombospondin. Latent TGF-beta binding protein (LTBP) is a component of the latent TGF-beta complex produced from platelets and many other cell types; LTBP plays an important role for the interaction of the latent TGF-beta complex with extracellular matrix components. TGF-beta binds several cell surface receptors, including type III receptor (betaglycan), endoglin, type II receptor and type I receptor. The type III receptor and endoglin are indirectly involved in the signal transduction. The Type II and type I receptors have intracellular serine/threonine kinase domains. They form a heteromeric complex after ligand binding and are most important for signal transduction; the type II receptor transactivates the type I receptor, which transduces various signals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyazono
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta