title: Chronic daily headache in children and adolescents: a 2-year prospective study.
abstract: Chronic daily headache in children and adolescents has not been well described. We analyzed data for 37 children and adolescents who presented with chronic daily headache to our Pediatric Headache Clinic over a 2-year period. These youngsters had five distinct headache patterns; 40% of them had the "comorbid" pattern, 35% were classified with new daily persistent headache, 15% with transformed migraine, 5% with chronic tension-type headache, and 5% could not be classified. There were no significant differences by diagnosis in externalizing and internalizing behaviors, type A behaviors, disability, pain severity, days missed from school, and number of coping skills employed. Children and adolescents with chronic daily headache have distinct clinical patterns, but for the most part, have similar disability. Differences between adult and childhood chronic daily headache are emphasized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gladstein
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Holden
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D010507:Periodicity; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000297:Psychology, Adolescent; D002666:Psychology, Child; D018781:Tension-Type Headache / Q000150:complications