title: Clinical and pathological studies in horses with hepatic disease.
abstract: In horses with hepatic necrosis, lipidosis, neoplasia and cirrhosis, progression of the disease was studied by serial measurements of total serum bile acid concentrations and of plasma glutamate dehydrogenase (GD) and gamma glutamyl transferase (gamma GT) and by liver biopsy. Plasma ammonia concentrations were significantly elevated compared to clinically normal horses, but such changes were not always accompanied by a decline in plasma urea concentration. A fall in plasma glucose concentration carried a guarded prognosis. These were all invaluable aids in early diagnosis and throughout the disease course. The study suggests that other factors, such as hypokalaemia, alkalosis, short chain volatile fatty acids, false and true neurotransmitters, may be important in the pathogenesis of hepatic coma in the horse.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, University of Liverpool Veterinary Field Station, Neston, South Wirral, UK.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: West
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000097:blood; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D001706:Biopsy / Q000662:veterinary; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D006501:Hepatic Encephalopathy / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006736:Horses; D008064:Lipidoses / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D001786:Blood Glucose; D000641:Ammonia; D014508:Urea; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001663:Bilirubin