title: DSM-III-R tobacco dependence and quitting during late adolescence.
abstract: Previous studies of tobacco dependence have tended not to examine adolescent samples. In a cohort of 18-year-olds, the 12-month prevalence rate of dependence based on DSM-III-R criteria was found to be 19.3%. Cotinine levels in saliva were positively related to level of cigarette consumption but not to tobacco dependence and may not be a suitable measure of dependence. Measures of behavioral and psychological aspects of smoking supported the utility of DSM-III-R criteria for tobacco dependence among young smokers. As a large number of young smokers are dependent on tobacco. the results support the development of treatment programmes for youth that take into consideration their degree of dependence.
authors.affiliation: Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Otago Medical School, New Zealand.
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Stanton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003367:Cotinine / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D000297:Psychology, Adolescent; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D003367:Cotinine