title: Anemia of chronic renal failure: characterization in the mouse and correction with human recombinant erythropoietin.
abstract: Anemia is a cardinal feature of chronic renal failure (CRF) which contributes significantly to the clinical syndrome of chronic uremia. We have conducted a detailed examination of the hematological changes in CRF in the inbred mouse strain C57BL/6J. As in the human situation, CRF mice presented major hematological changes affecting primarily the erythroid cell series. Despite the presence of abundant iron stores in the bone marrow, the CRF mice developed a hypoproliferative anemia of a severity commensurate with the degree of renal impairment. The levels of circulating erythropoietin (EPO) in CRF mice were not significantly different from those in normal control littermates and were therefore inappropriately low for the degree of anemia. In contrast acutely bled control mice with normal renal function showed a significant inverse correlation between the serum EPO level and hemoglobin concentration, indicating an appropriate response to anemia. The chronic administration of recombinant human EPO raised the hemoglobin concentration of CRF mice, a therapeutic effect which was independent of the initial degree of anemia. These observations suggest that this animal model has wide applicability for the study of anemia secondary to CRF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Montreal General Hospital, Que., Canada.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Gagnon
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Brox
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D000818:Animals; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin; D007501:Iron