Signal transduction of the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor: cross-talk of calcium, protein kinase C (PKC), and arachidonic acid.
1. The decapeptide neurohormone gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is the first key hormone of the reproductive system. Produced in the hypothalamus, GnRH is released in a pulsatile manner into the hypophysial portal system to reach the anterior pituitary and stimulates the release and synthesis of the gonadotropin hormones LH and FSH. GnRH, a Ca2+ mobilizing ligand, binds to its respective binding protein, which is a member of the seven transmembrane domain receptor family and activates a G-protein (Gq). 2. The alpha subunit of Gq triggers enhanced phosphoinositide turnover and the elevation of multiple second messengers required for gonadotropin release and biosynthesis. 3. The messenger molecules IP3, diacylglycerol, Ca2+, protein kinase C, arachidonic acid and leukotriene C4 cross-talk in a complex networks of signaling, culminating in gonadotropin release and gene expression.
Naor
Z
Z
Department of Biochemistry, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
Shacham
S
S
Harris
D
D
Seger
R
R
Reiss
N
N
D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D008959:Models, Neurological; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D011966:Receptors, LHRH / Q000502:physiology*; D015290:Second Messenger Systems; D015398:Signal Transduction
D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; D011966:Receptors, LHRH; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D002118:Calcium