title: Elevated levels of IL-6, INF-gamma, and TNF-alpha in mice in response to cotton dust are modulated by anti-TNF-alpha antiserum.
abstract: Acute pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation triggered by cotton dust exposure is one of the features of organic dust syndrome. Studies with a mouse model have reproduced the inflammation and have shown the presence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of mice following a 3-h exposure to respirable cotton dust particles. A cover glass technique for cytospin samples of BAL cells resulted in a 42-fold increase in cell count, with 76% neutrophils, 13% lymphocytes, and 10% macrophages, after cotton dust exposure. Immunohistochemical staining of lung specimens with anti-TNF-alpha antiserum revealed TNF in the cells surrounding pulmonary airways and vessels. Cotton dust exposure resulted in elevated TNF-alpha, IL-6, and INF-gamma in BAL fluid, INF-gamma and IL-6 in serum. Administration of anti-TNF-alpha antiserum prior to the organic dust exposure resulted in a marked attenuation of the pulmonary inflammatory cell response, as well as decreased IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels in BAL fluid and decreased IL-6 and INF-gamma in serum. These results indicate TNF modulation of the dust-induced toxic alveolitis and cytokine production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15238, USA.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Shvedova
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tollerud
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guevarra
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Karol
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000542:Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology*; D002452:Cell Count; D004391:Dust / Q000009:adverse effects; D003368:Gossypium / Q000009:adverse effects; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D004391:Dust; D007106:Immune Sera; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma