title: Intraoperative echographic localization of iodine 125 episcleral radioactive plaques for posterior uveal melanoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Plaque radiotherapy has been reported to have a higher relapse rate than charged-particle radiotherapy for posteriorly located uveal melanomas, which also are more technically difficult to localize accurately. The authors used intraoperative echography in patients with posterior uveal melanoma to determine the rate of inaccurate localization of iodine 125(125I) episcleral plaques using standard localization techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors reviewed the records of 29 consecutive patients with medium-sized posterior uveal melanomas who underwent 125I episcleral plaque radiotherapy with intraoperative echographic verification of plaque placement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After careful plaque placement using standard localization techniques, 4 of 29 plaques (14%) did not cover at least one tumor margin. All four of these plaques were associated with posterior tumors with at least one margin posterior to the temporal arcades. Two (7%) additional juxtapapillary plaques were displaced away from the sclera by the optic nerve. In all six cases, it was possible to immediately reposition the plaque to achieve coverage of all tumor margins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Placement of 125I episcleral radioactive plaques for posteriorly located uveal melanomas using standard localization techniques occasionally results in suboptimal plaque positioning. Intraoperative echography can identify plaques that are localized poorly and allows immediate adjustment to achieve optimal plaque positioning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Harbour
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Byrne
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Gendron
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ehlies
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Markoe
mesh_terms: D001918:Brachytherapy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D012590:Sclera / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014604:Uveal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000532:radiotherapy*
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes