title: Monocyte activation in patients with non-seminomatous germ cell tumour of the testis before and after tumour eradication.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the kinetics of normalisation of monocyte oxidative activity following tumour eradication.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whole blood lucigenin enhanced chemiluminescence was studied in patients with non-seminomatous germ cell tumours. Group 1 comprised 14 patients who had been "cured" of their cancer (the term "cured" as used in this report denotes a relapse free period of at least three years). Group 2 comprised 15 patients who were followed from diagnosis to up to two years after the start of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lucigenin enhanced chemiluminescence of whole blood in the "cured" patients was similar to that of controls and lower than that in patients who had not yet received chemotherapy (group 2). After treatment, chemiluminescence decreased slowly and did not normalise until 18 months after the start of treatment. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) concentrations were normal in "cured" patients but were raised in those who had not yet received treatment. TNF alpha was normalised 12 months after start of treatment. Alpha-fetoprotein concentrations were raised in most patients but normalised rapidly after tumour eradication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The activity of blood monocytes, as measured by whole blood lucigenin enhanced chemiluminescence, is increased in cancer. This activity may be a consequence of the presence of tumour cells. Immunocompetent cells remain active for over a year after eradication of the tumour.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trulson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Venge
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human / Q000097:blood; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018237:Germinoma / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D012074:Remission Induction; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D001761:Bleomycin; D005047:Etoposide; D002945:Cisplatin