title: Triiodothyronine attenuates estradiol-induced increases in dopamine D-2 receptor number in rat anterior pituitary.
abstract: Estrogens promote adenohypophyseal enlargement and tumor transformation, and thyroid hormones antagonize these effects. Hormone-induced pituitary enlargement may be mediated by alterations in pituitary dopaminergic function. The present study examined the effects of chronic (20 days) administration of estradiol benzoate (EB), triiodothyronine (T3), or EB and T3 (T3 + EB) on dopamine (D-2) receptors in rat anterior pituitary. D-2 receptor number increased after EB without altered receptor affinity. T3 alone did not affect D-2 receptor number in the anterior pituitary but significantly attenuated the effect of EB. T3 administration also inhibited EB-induced anterior pituitary hyperplasia. D-2 receptor upregulation by EB more likely could reflect a compensatory response to decreased receptor occupation. The present results suggest that D-2 receptors could play an important role in estrogen-induced adenohypophyseal tumor formation and hyperprolactinemia and that thyroid hormones may inhibit estrogen-induced pituitary tumor development via adenohypophyseal D-2 receptors.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nedvídková
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pacák
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nedvídek
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schreiber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D010903:Pituitary Gland, Anterior / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000378:metabolism; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000378:metabolism; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D011388:Prolactin; D013972:Thyrotropin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D013974:Thyroxine