title: A 15N-leucine-dilution method to measure endogenous contribution to luminal nitrogen in the human upper jejunum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was done to investigate whether an intraveinous infusion of 15N-leucine was accurate to differentiate between endogenous and exogenous nitrogen in the human jejunum after meal ingestion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four healthy human volunteers equipped with an upper jejunal tube.
  
  
  METHODS
  The jejunal effluents were collected both under fasting conditions and after ingestion of 300g of yoghurt. The nitrogen, amino acid composition and 15N-leucine enrichment were determined in the digesta.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During fasting, the jejunal flow rates (mmol/h) of both total nitrogen and amino acids were stable (6.9 +/- 2.7 and 1.88 +/- 0.79, respectively). After yoghurt ingestion, the flow rate of total nitrogen increased to 28.6 +/- 5.8mmol/h at 2h. The 15N-leucine enrichment in plasma reached a plateau at 4.3 mole % excess after one hour and did not vary significantly after meal ingestion. The 15N-leucine enrichment of the endogenous secretion (Ee) in the jejunum was fitted by the equation: Ee = 2.18[1 - 2.05 x exp( - 0.42 x t)]. After yoghurt ingestion, the enrichment in jejunal secretions decreased during the first 80 min. The endogenous nitrogen, calculated from the 15N-enrichment, significantly increased from 20 to 40min after meal ingestion compared to the basal value (P < 0.05). The estimation of the exogenous nitrogen and amino acid yield 300min after yoghurt ingestion indicated that 62 +/- 30% of the exogenous nitrogen and 75 +/- 12% of the amino acids were absorbed in the upper jejunum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 15N-leucine-dilution method appears to be a convenient method to differentiate between the exogenous and endogenous contributions to nitrogen fluxes in the intestinal digesta of humans. It can be used in association with dietary protein labelling or in substitution when no labelled dietary proteins are available to compare the digestion as well as the absorption of meals at different levels of the intestine.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaudichon
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahé
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luengo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laurent
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meaugeais
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krempf
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tomé
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005215:Fasting / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007583:Jejunum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D007930:Leucine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D015014:Yogurt / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D007930:Leucine; D009584:Nitrogen