title: Determination of 1H relaxation times of water in human bone marrow by fat-suppressed turbo spin echo in comparison to MR spectroscopic methods.
abstract: Relaxation times of water were measured in human vertebral bodies by a fat-suppressed dual-echo turbo spin echo/turbo inversion recovery MRI sequence. Comparison was made with T1 and T2 values obtained by localized 1H-MR spectroscopy. The accuracy of the results and the diagnostic potential of the fast quantitative MRI technique were evaluated in 20 volunteers, 11 patients with osteoporosis, 6 patients with lymphoma, and 6 patients with bone marrow metastasis. No significant alterations of T1 and T2 relaxation times of water and fat were found in osteoporosis. With both methods, an increase in the T1 values of the water resonance by 16% was observed in lymphomas, which was highly significant (P < .001) in the MRS measurements, and an elevation by the same amount was obtained by the MRI sequence for the metastases (P = .040). A strong reduction of fat fraction was quantified by MRS in the tumorous cases. T2 of the water resonance increased by more than 30% (P < .003) in metastases. Water T2 values obtained by the MRI sequence showed systematic deviations from the MRS results, especially at short echo spacings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Träber
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Block
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Layer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bräucker
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gieseke
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kretzer
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Schild
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology*; D019046:Bone Marrow Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000473:pathology; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010954:Plasmacytoma / Q000175:diagnosis; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000556:secondary