title: Glyburide-reversible cardioprotective effects of calcium-independent phospholipase A2 inhibition in ischemic rat hearts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A myocardial calcium-independent PLA2 has been described that is activated during myocardial ischemia and this enzyme may modulate ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of an inhibitor of this enzyme, a bromoenol lactone, in isolated globally ischemic rat hearts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isolated rat hearts were treated for 10 min with 0.3-6 microM bromoenol lactone and then subjected to 25 min ischemia and 30 min reperfusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bromoenol lactone significantly increased coronary flow in nonischemic myocardium, and slightly reduced cardiac function at 6 microM. During global ischemia, time to contracture was significantly increased from vehicle group values in the presence of the bromoenol lactone (EC50 = 1.2 microM). During reperfusion, a concentration-dependent increase in function and a reduction in LDH release were observed for the PLA2 inhibitor. The concentrations of the PLA2 inhibitor which were significantly cardioprotective, inhibited this enzyme in membrane fractions of rat myocardium (IC50 = 0.87 microM). The KATP blocker sodium 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD) inhibited the increase in time to contracture observed for the bromoenol lactone. During reperfusion, 5-HD abolished the protective effects of the bromoenol lactone on cardiac function and LDH release. Glyburide had similar effects on the cardioprotective activity of the bromoenol lactone, although it only partially abolished the LDH reducing effect of this agent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The bromoenol lactone protects ischemic myocardium at concentrations which also inhibit calcium-independent PLA2. This cardioprotection can be attenuated by blockers of KATP, suggesting a potential mechanism for modulation of myocardial KATP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Sargent
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Wilde
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dzwonczyk
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Tuttle
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Atwal
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Grover
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003652:Decanoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005905:Glyburide / Q000494:pharmacology; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D006880:Hydroxy Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D011753:Pyrones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D003652:Decanoic Acids; D006880:Hydroxy Acids; D009281:Naphthalenes; D011753:Pyrones; C052853:5-hydroxydecanoic acid; C068314:6-(bromomethylene)tetrahydro-3-(1-naphthaleneyl)-2H-pyran-2-one; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D005905:Glyburide; D002118:Calcium