title: Strength of porcelain fused to titanium beams.
abstract: The purposes of this study were to measure strengths of layered porcelain fused to titanium beams, determine failure modes, and investigate the porcelain-titanium interface. A three-point flexural test and formulas derived especially for this purpose were used. The strength of layered porcelain-ceramic beams was limited by the cohesive tensile or compressive strengths of the porcelain, not by the porcelain-titanium interfacial bond, namely, the porcelain failure occurred at lower loads than did failure of the porcelain-titanium interface. The porcelain-titanium bond strength was at least 26 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy demonstrated that the bond was limited by delamination of a thin titanium-titanium oxide interface. Theoretic curves that describe effects of relative layer and total thickness on the force-bearing capacity of model beams were plotted. These curves indicated that porcelain-titanium prostheses should be made as thick as is practical, but the relative thickness of the porcelain and titanium layers would be less important.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry/Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Caputo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goo
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D004548:Elasticity; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D008422:Materials Testing; D016876:Metal Ceramic Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D018583:Pliability; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D016876:Metal Ceramic Alloys; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D014025:Titanium