title: Elevated serum total renin is insensitive in detecting incipient diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the influence of incipient diabetic nephropathy on the levels of total renin in serum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-five adult patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were examined in a cross-sectional study. The main outcome measures were serum total renin concentration and urinary albumin excretion rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total renin concentrations in serum were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in 12 patients with microalbuminuria than in 43 patients without albuminuria, but this difference was significant only in men. There was a significant but weak positive correlation between urinary albumin excretion rate and serum total renin concentration in all patients (r = 0.412, P < 0.05, n = 55), but the sensitivity of high serum concentrations of total renin in detecting incipient nephropathy was low (17%). In the study group, two of the three patients suffering from proliferative retinopathy had the highest total renin concentrations in serum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microalbuminuric patients have higher mean serum total renin concentrations than normoalbuminuric patients, but because of low sensitivity, high total renin concentration cannot be used for screening incipient diabetic nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Turku University Central Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Matinlauri
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rönnemaa
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Koskinen
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Aalto
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Vukari
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Irjala
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000201:enzymology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011934:Reagent Strips; D012016:Reference Values; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D011934:Reagent Strips; D003404:Creatinine; D012083:Renin