title: Familial alcoholism in manic-depressive (bipolar) disease.
abstract: A previous analysis found a relatively high rate of alcoholism in a cohort of bipolar I subjects, and a trend for increased rates of alcoholism in relatives of subjects with both bipolar I disorder and alcoholism, compared to relatives of subjects with bipolar I disorder and no alcoholism. The sample of subjects with bipolar I disorder has been enlarged through continued follow-up, permitting new analyses to address the association and heritability of bipolar I disorder with alcoholism. Probands with bipolar I disorder were followed for 10 years as part of the NIMH Collaborative Depression Study. The rate of alcoholism in relatives of probands with both bipolar I disorder and alcoholism was compared to the rate of alcoholism in relatives of probands with bipolar disorder and no alcoholism. The prevalence of alcoholism in relatives of subjects with bipolar I disorder was compared to the rate of alcoholism in relatives of control subjects. Relatives of probands with bipolar I disorder showed a higher rate of alcoholism than relatives of controls. Relatives of probands with bipolar I disorder and alcoholism showed a higher rate of alcoholism than relatives of probands with bipolar I disorder without alcoholism. These data suggest that familial alcoholism may contribute to a vulnerability to bipolar I disorder, and that there is a shared heritability for the two disorders.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Program on the Psychobiology of Depression, Clinical Studies, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Winokur
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Coryell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Endicott
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akiskal
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Solomon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies