title: Combined androgen blockade.
abstract: Combined androgen blockade (CAB), the addition of an antiandrogen to castration (medical or surgical), is becoming a well-established option for advanced prostate cancer. CAB with leuprolide and flutamide was found to improve both progression-free and overall survival, compared with leuprolide alone, particularly in patients with minimal metastatic disease. These findings have led to an intergroup study in more than 1,300 men, including 300 with minimal disease, of orchidectomy with flutamide versus orchidectomy with placebo, which will examine which patient subgroups benefit most from CAB. This intergroup study has already provided important information regarding prostate-specific antigen as a surrogate marker for response and progression. The success with CAB in lengthening survival and improving quality of life in metastatic prostate cancer has stimulated enthusiasm for broadening the base of clinical studies for the management of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA.
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Crawford
mesh_terms: D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009919:Orchiectomy; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen