title: Hyperammonemia in a patient with short bowel syndrome and chronic renal failure.
abstract: A patient with short bowel syndrome (SBS) and renal failure developed a disturbance of consciousness with hyperammonemia. Abnormally low concentrations of ornithine, citrulline, and arginine were observed on the plasma aminogram. These results suggested that the activities of amino acid synthetase localized in the small intestinal flora were lost. The small intestine is required for arginine synthesis; thus, infusion limited to the essential amino acids to SBS patients will cause a deficiency of the urea cycle intermediates, ornithine, citrulline, and arginine and may lead to hyperammonemia. In addition, the renal insufficiency may have caused decreased excretion of ammonia. In this patient, supplemental arginine improved the symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Toranomon Hospital Kidney Center, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawabata
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hinoshita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mimura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood*; D001120:Arginine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003244:Consciousness Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D012778:Short Bowel Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D000641:Ammonia; D001120:Arginine