title: Anaesthetic drugs and bacterial contamination.
abstract: We investigated the bacterial contamination of commonly used intravenous anaesthetic agents. Ten trainee anaesthetists drew up four syringes each of propofol, midazolam, thiopentone, 0.9% saline and a culture medium control using their normal practice. A set of syringes was cultured at the time of drawing up and at 2, 4 and 8 h afterwards. No anaesthetist washed his or her hands before drawing up the drugs. Six anaesthetists capped the syringes using sheathed needles. Eight syringes were contaminated with bacteria. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated from six syringes (four sheathed and two unsheathed) and an Acinetobacter sp. from two syringes (one sheathed and one unsheathed). No bacteria were cultured from the midazolam syringes. However, two syringes from each of the other solutions were contaminated. This implies that one syringe was contaminated when it was drawn up, at 2 h a further two had detectable contamination, two more were contaminated at 4 h and three more at 8 h. We cannot recommend drawing up drugs at the start of a list for use later in the day. They should be used immediately after drawing up. Basic hand washing before drawing up drugs may reduce contamination.
authors.affiliation: John Farman Intensive Care Units, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Magee
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Godsiff
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farrington
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004340:Drug Contamination; D004356:Drug Storage; D008874:Midazolam; D015742:Propofol; D013594:Syringes; D013874:Thiopental
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D004338:Drug Combinations; D013874:Thiopental; D008874:Midazolam; D015742:Propofol