title: Pelvic inflammatory disease. Correlation of severity with CA-125 levels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether elevated levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) correlate with the severity and clinical outcome of pelvic inflammatory disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  CA-125 levels were measured prospectively in 36 women with pelvic inflammatory disease using a commercial immunoassay. Initial inclusion criteria were abdominal tenderness, cervical motion tenderness and adnexal tenderness. Patients then were categorized into three groups based on the severity of the illness. Group 1 included patients with (1) temperature > or = 38.0 but < 38.5 degrees C or (2) WBC count > or = 10 but < 15 x 10(3) cells/microL. Group 2 included patients with (1) temperature > or = 38.5 degrees C or (2) WBC count > or = 15 x 10(3) cells/microL. Group 3 included patients who fulfilled the same criteria as group 2 but who also had an adnexal mass. Differences in CA-125 levels were compared statistically using the unpaired Student t test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients with the diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease had CA-125 levels > 30 U/mL, with a range of 48-656. Moreover, the levels were significantly different among the three groups (group 1 vs. 2, P = .002; 1 vs. 3, P = .001; 2 vs. 3, P = .001), and a correlation between severity of disease and CA-125 levels was found. All patients with a presumed pelvic abscess had CA-125 levels in the range for neoplastic processes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated CA-125 levels correlate with the severity of pelvic inflammatory disease and outcome. Pelvic inflammatory disease must be considered in the differential diagnosis of elevated CA-125 levels and pelvic masses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Moley
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Massad
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Mutch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018394:CA-125 Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D018394:CA-125 Antigen