title: DNA typing from human faeces.
abstract: A method has been developed for the forensic analysis of faeces by DNA amplification and direct sequencing of a polymorphic segment of mitochondrial DNA. Starting from as little as 10 mg wet weight of faeces, DNA was extracted by a variety of protocols and amplified using primers specific to hypervariable region 1 of the mitochondrial control region. The resulting amplification products were sequenced in solid phase using an automated DNA sequencer. In total, mtDNA sequences were generated from the faeces of nine Caucasians and compared with sequences generated from their respective blood samples. Sequences of faeces and blood samples from the same individual were identical in every case, but a range of 1-10 nucleotide differences was observed between individuals, with an average sequence variation of approximately 4.88 per 400 bp. Of the various extraction protocols assessed in this study, greatest success rates were achieved using magnetisable beads to bind and purify the DNA. STR analysis of DNA extracted from faeces was not routinely possible.
authors.affiliation: Forensic Science Service, Service Development, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hopwood
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mannucci
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Sullivan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D002415:Cats; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D004285:Dogs; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D005784:Gene Amplification / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial