title: Efficacy of 4 commercially available protective creams in the repetitive irritation test (RIT).
abstract: Protective creams (PCs) play their part in the prevention of occupational contact dermatitis, even though efficacy data are frequently lacking. 4 different commercially-available PCs were evaluated against a set of 4 standard irritants (10% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), 1% sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 30% lactic acid (LA) and undiluted toluene (TOL)) in the repetitive irritation test (RIT) in humans described by Frosch and Kurte. 20 subjects were tested on the paravertebral skin on the mid-back. Irritation was assessed by visual scoring, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) as an indicator of epidermal barrier function, and colorimetry as a parameter of inflammation. Very different protective effects of the PCs on irritation by chemical substances were detectable. All products were very effective against SLS irritation. No PC provided significant protection against toluene. 3 products showed a partially protective effect against all ionic irritants, while the 4th showed less protection against SLS and NaOH, and even amplification of inflammation by TOL. Considering the range of PC effects from good protection to increased irritation, depending on the irritant, the need for careful selection of PCs for specific workplaces is stressed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schlüter-Wigger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Elsner
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003124:Colorimetry; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017453:Dermatitis, Irritant / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007509:Irritants / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D009824:Ointments / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010328:Patch Tests; D017592:Skin Care; D014870:Water Loss, Insensible
chemical_list: D007509:Irritants; D009824:Ointments