title: Boundary and insulator elements in chromosomes.
abstract: Recent progress in understanding boundary and insulator elements has concentrated on the identification of their protein components. BEAF-32 is a protein present in the scs' element of Drosophila that is also localized to most interband regions and puffs of polytene chromosomes, suggesting a role in the organization of structural chromosomal domains. The suppressor of Hairy-wing and modifier of mdg4 proteins have been characterized as components of the gypsy insulator. The latter seems to play a crucial role in conferring on the insulator its ability to unidirectionally affect enhancer function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
authors.forename: T I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Gerasimova
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Corces
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004330:Drosophila; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins