title: Modulation of the hyperpolarization-activated current (Ih) by cyclic nucleotides in guinea-pig primary afferent neurons.
abstract: 1. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were made from dissociated guinea-pig nodose and trigeminal ganglion neurons in culture to study second messenger mechanisms of the hyperpolarization-activated current (Ih) modulation. 2. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and forskolin modulate Ih in primary afferents by shifting the activation curve in the depolarizing direction and increasing the maximum amplitude. 3. The cAMP analogues, RP-cAMP-S (an inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA)) and SP-cAMP-S (an activator of PKA), both shifted the activation curve of Ih to more depolarized potentials and occluded the effects of forskolin. These results suggest that Ih is modulated by a direct action of the cAMP analogues. 4. Superfusion of other cyclic nucleotide analogues (8-Br-cAMP, 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP and 8-Br-cGMP) mimicked the actions of forskolin and PGE2, but dibutyryl cGMP, 5'-AMP and adenosine had no effect on Ih. 8-Br-cAMP and 8-Br-cGMP had similar concentration response profiles, suggesting that Ih has little nucleotide selectivity. 5. The inhibitor peptide (PKI), the catalytic subunit of PKA (C subunit) and phosphatase inhibitors (microcystin and okadaic acid) had no effect on forskolin modulation of Ih. 6. These results indicate that Ih is regulated by cyclic nucleotides in sensory neurons. Positive regulation of Ih by prostaglandins produced during inflammation may lead to depolarization and facilitation of repetitive activity, and thus contribute to sensitization to painful stimuli.
authors.affiliation: Vollum Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Ingram
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000200:Action Potentials; D000241:Adenosine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005576:Colforsin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D003995:Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP / Q000494:pharmacology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000187:drug effects*; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000502:physiology*; D009620:Nodose Ganglion / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D009712:Nucleotides, Cyclic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000502:physiology*; D013873:Thionucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012668:Trigeminal Ganglion / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007473:Ion Channels; D009712:Nucleotides, Cyclic; D013873:Thionucleotides; D005576:Colforsin; D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; C016957:adenosine-3',5'-cyclic phosphorothioate; C016276:8-bromocyclic GMP; D003995:Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; C015929:8-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)cyclic-3',5'-AMP; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D000241:Adenosine; D015232:Dinoprostone; D002118:Calcium