title: Nitric oxide inhalation decreases pulmonary platelet and neutrophil sequestration during extracorporeal circulation in the pig.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The inhibiting effect of nitric oxide on the aggregation and adhesion of neutrophils and platelets has been well documented in vitro. In vivo evidence, however, is more scant. In this study, we studied the effects of inhaled nitric oxide on pulmonary cellular sequestration in our sham hemodialysis model. Accumulation of neutrophils and platelets in the lungs has been shown to be an early event in this model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal laboratory at a university medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six anesthetized, mechanically ventilated pigs.
  
  
  METHODS
  111Indium-oxine was used to selectively label neutrophils or platelets and the activity over the lungs was followed dynamically with a gamma camera. Sham hemodialysis, using a cuprophan hollow-fiber dialyzer, was instituted via catheters in the femoral vessels. The animals were divided into two main groups: a) the nitric oxide recipient group (n = 12, with platelets labeled in seven animals and neutrophils labeled in five animals); and b) the control group (n = 14, with platelets labeled in seven animals and neutrophils labeled in seven animals). The animals in the former group were given 50 parts per million of nitric oxide in the inspiratory gas from the beginning of dialysis and for 30 mins onward.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inhalation of nitric oxide attenuated the increase in activity over the lungs in both the neutrophil and platelet groups during sham hemodialysis. In addition, an inhibiting effect on the increase in pulmonary pressure was noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Apart from the effects of nitric oxide on central hemodynamics in this model, the scintigraphic findings indicate an in vivo effect of nitric oxide on the accumulation of platelets and neutrophils in the lungs, probably due to inhibition of the adhesion and/or aggregation of these cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Malmros
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blomquist
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dahm
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mårtensson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thörne
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness / Q000187:drug effects; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D015125:Oxyquinoline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010973:Platelet Adhesiveness / Q000187:drug effects*; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; C032950:indium oxine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D015125:Oxyquinoline