title: Evaluation of enrofloxacin against egg transmission of Mycoplasma gallisepticum.
abstract: Five groups of 20 commercial leghorn hens near peak production were challenged with Mycoplasma gallisepticum, and medicated with enrofloxacin in the drinking water at 7-11, 21-25, or 7-11 and 21-25 days postchallenge (PC), a combination of lincomycin/spectinomycin at 7-11 and 21-25 days PC, or left as untreated controls. Egg production records were maintained, and all eggs produced during the 63 days following challenge were incubated for 18 days and then cultured for M. gallisepticum. All groups experienced marked egg production drops beginning about 1 week PC; production returned to near normal levels after approximately 3 weeks. Under the conditions of this study water medication did not prevent egg production losses, probably because of the delay in the onset of medication, but medication may have resulted in a more rapid recovery of egg production. Enrofloxacin was highly effective in reducing the level of egg transmission of M. gallisepticum, although a small number of eggs (0-0.3%) in the treated groups were culture positive after medication was begun. Only 1 of 2463 live embryos was culture positive after the onset of treatment. In the unmedicated control group, 12.8% of all eggs were culture positive. Lincomycin/spectinomycin also reduced egg transmission (3.4% of eggs were culture positive after treatment was initiated), but not as effectively as enrofloxacin. Most of the egg transmission occurred before the medication could have had an effect. Both enrofloxacin and lincomycin/spectinomycin reduced the number of dead-in-shell embryos.
authors.affiliation: Department of Avian Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-4875, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Froyman
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kleven
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004531:Eggs / Q000382:microbiology*; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D008034:Lincomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009174:Mycoplasma / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009175:Mycoplasma Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D010058:Oviposition; D011201:Poultry Diseases; D015363:Quinolones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000198:Spectinomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D015363:Quinolones; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D000198:Spectinomycin; D008034:Lincomycin