title: Calcium imaging shows differential sensitivity to cooling and communication in luminous transgenic plants.
abstract: Imaging of a recombinant bioluminescent Ca2+ indicator, aequorin, in an entire organism showed three novel features of Ca2+ signals in plants. First, cooling the plant from 25 degrees C to 2 degrees C demonstrated differential sensitivities between organs, the roots firing a Ca2+ signal at some 8-10 degrees C higher than the cotyledons. Secondly, prolonged cooling provoked Ca2+ oscillations, but only in the cotyledons. These oscillations occurred with a frequency of 100 s and damped down within 800 s. Thirdly, cooling the roots of mature plants triggered a Ca2+ signal in the leaves, as a result of organ-organ communication. However, warming and then recooling the roots did not generate a second Ca2+ signal in these leaves. This desensitisation was not due to down-regulation in the leaf since this was able to generate a Ca2+ signal of its own when cooled directly. Thus a combination of a recombinant bioluminescent indicator with photon counting imaging reveals startling new aspects of signalling in intact organs and whole organisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Trewavas
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Knight
mesh_terms: D000331:Aequorin; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D018548:Cotyledon / Q000502:physiology; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000502:physiology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000502:physiology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000331:Aequorin; D002118:Calcium