title: Zidovudine absorption and small intestinal function in HIV seropositive patients.
abstract: Zidovudine absorption was evaluated in HIV seropositive patients with (n = 15) and without diarrhoea (n = 20) in a standardised prospective pharmacokinetic study using single oral 200 mg doses. Zidovudine was rapidly absorbed with large peak variation (Cmax: 1.10 +/- 0.43 mg/L). There were no significant associations between pharmacokinetic parameters and presence of diarrhoea, CD4 counts, red blood cell folate concentrations, stool cultures/leucocytes or the lactulose/mannitol absorption test. Mean diarrhoea AUC (mg/L.h) was 1.13 +/- 0.30 and 1.07 +/- 0.36 in non-diarrhoeal patients. Antidiarrhoeals increased AUC and Cmax values in a small, non statistically significant subset of diarrhoea patients. Although zidovudine absorption varies significantly, our data do not support dosage individualisation based on any of the above parameters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Macnab
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Sutherland
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brant
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000378:metabolism*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D015215:Zidovudine