Effectiveness of a behavioral weight control program for blacks and whites with NIDDM.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the weight losses of black and white patients with NIDDM treated in a year-long behavioral weight loss program.


METHODS
Subjects were randomly assigned to a behavioral program that either used a low-calorie diet throughout or included two 12-week periods of a very-low calorie diet (VLCD). Weight, dietary intake, and exercise were measured at 0, 6, and 12 months of treatment, and attendance and self-monitoring records were assessed weekly throughout the year.


RESULTS
Blacks had smaller weight losses than whites regardless of treatment condition. Overall weight losses (baseline to 1 year) were 7.1 kg in blacks vs 13.9 kg in whites. The differences in overall outcome resulted primarily from greater weight regain in blacks during months 6-12 than in whites. There was a trend for blacks to have poorer attendance than whites during the latter half of the program and for blacks to report smaller changes in calorie intake from baseline to 6 months.


CONCLUSIONS
The results confirm prior studies with nondiabetic patients showing smaller weight losses in blacks than in whites and suggest that these differences may result primarily from faster weight regain in blacks. Further research is needed to more carefully examine the variables that may explain this difference and to develop more effective programs for blacks with NIDDM.
Wing
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RR
University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Anglin
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K
D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D044383:Black People; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010414:Pennsylvania; D015431:Weight Loss; D044465:White People
D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin