title: Fast liquid chromatographic determination of urinary trans,trans-muconic acid.
abstract: trans, trans-Muconic acid (1,3-butadiene-1, 4-dicarboxylic acid, MA), a minor urinary metabolite of benzene exposure, was determined, after clean-up by solid-phase anion-exchange chromatography, by reversed-phase HPLC on a C18 column (5 x 0.46 cm I.D., 3 microns particle size), using formic acid-tetrahydrofuran-water (14:17:969) as mobile phase and UV detection at 263 nm. The recovery of MA from spiked urine was > 95% in the 50-500 microgram/l range; the quantification limit was 6 micrograms/l; day-to-day precision, at 300 micrograms/l, was C.V. = 9.2%; the run time was less than 10 min. Urinary MA excretion was measured in two spot urine samples of 131 benzene environmentally exposed subjects: midday values obtained in non-smokers (mean +/- S.D. = 77 +/- 54 micrograms/l, n = 82) were statistically different from those of smokers (169 +/- 85 micrograms/l, n = 30) (P < 0.0001); each group showed a statistically significant increase between MA excretion in midday over morning samples. Moreover, in subjects grouped according to tobacco-smoke exposure level, median values of MA were positively associated with and increased with daily smoking habits.
authors.affiliation: Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Laboratorio di Tossicologia Professionale, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buratti
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fustinoni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colombi
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D001554:Benzene / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013011:Sorbic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D016482:Urinalysis
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; C005939:muconic acid; D001554:Benzene; D013011:Sorbic Acid