title: The association between age of hospitalized patients and the delivery of advanced cardiac life support.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the extent of variability in the administration of advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) and to determine if age is associated with variability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urban teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty-two adult inpatients without a "do-not resuscitate" order who suffered cardiopulmonary arrest during 1993.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the total, 35 (29%) survived the arrest and 87 (71%) died. Among the nonsurvivors, two patients received no ACLS and six were not intubated, despite the inclusion of intubation in all ACLS protocols. Of the 87 nonsurvivors, 31 had a single electrocardiographic rhythm during their arrest and should have had similar ACLS trials. However, the 9 nonsurvivors with ventricular fibrillation received a range of 0 to 17 interventions, the 11 with electromechanical dissociation received 1 to 22, and the 11 with asystole received 0 to 14. Based on a protocol-derived definition of a minimal trial of ACLS (a "short ACLS trial") for all 87 nonsurvivors, age greater than 75 was associated with receiving a short trial. Dependent functional status and being on a medical service were also associated with a short ACLS trial. In a logistic regression model including these variables as covariates, age remained significantly associated with a short ACLS trial; odds ratio, 9.71 (95% confidence interval 1.68, 56.1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wide variability exists in the administration of ACLS at the studied site. The finding that some patients receive no ACLS suggests that physicians at this site may be making bedside determinations of the likelihood of its benefit based on individual patient characteristics. The association between older age and short ACLS trials among all nonsurvivors suggests that age is most important of these characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, USA.
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Fried
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Wachtel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000592:standards*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000592:standards*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies