title: Should infection control practitioners do follow-up of staff exposures to patient blood and body fluids?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency of a joint infection control/occupational health program for the follow-up of accidental blood or bloody body fluid exposures in health care workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive staff follow-up program for all blood exposures with known patient sources was initiated in 1989, consisting of patient follow-up by the Infection Control Department (risk assessment for hepatitis B virus [HBV] and [HIV] infection and obtaining of consent for HIV testing) and staff follow-up by the Occupational Health Department. In 1992 a mailed survey was conducted to examine exposure follow-up policies and responsibilities in large teaching hospitals across Canada.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 924 blood exposures with known patient sources were reported between January 1989 and December 1993. HIV and HBV screening was obtained for 67.9% and 87.6% of patients assessed as at low risk and 82.3% and 92.2% of those assessed as at high risk for infection, respectively. Two previously unknown HIV-seropositive patients were identified, one of whom had been classified as at low risk (one of 530 [0.19%] patients at low risk who underwent screening). Primary reasons for screening being missed were patient discharge (46.3%) or communication problems (18.0%). The requirement for informed written consent before HIV screening accounted for the difference in completed HIV and HBV screens. Results of the hospital survey indicated that 40.8% of Canadian hospitals follow up all patients who are involved in blood exposures; however, most hospitals still rely on the physician to obtain consent (87.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of ICPs to screen patients involved in staff blood exposures during regular hours may be the most efficient method of follow-up, particularly if supplemented by a backup team of health professionals on nights and weekends. Although screening all patients for HBV/HIV may detect patients with undisclosed high-risk behaviors, institutions must decide whether the practice is cost-effective in areas of low prevalence.
authors.affiliation: Calgary General Hospital, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Hope
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ledgerwood
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hume
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Louie
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000635:transmission; D017848:Blood-Borne Pathogens; D002170:Canada; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000635:transmission; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods; D017758:Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional / Q000517:prevention & control; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D010564:Personnel, Hospital; D018570:Risk Assessment