title: Young women with symptoms of urinary tract infection. Prevalence and diagnosis of chlamydial infection and evaluation of rapid screening of bacteriuria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the prevalence of chlamydial infection among young women with UTI symptoms. To evaluate chlamydia diagnostics with the aid of enzyme immuno assay (EIA) on first-void urine. To evaluate rapid screening of bacteriuria, including low concentrations of common pathogens.
  
  
  METHODS
  EIA for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis antigen and confirmation with immunofluorescence test (DFA) in urine, cervical and urethral chlamydia culture, nitrite and granulocyte esterase test, urine sediment, chamber count, dipslide and conventional urine culture were performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary health care (PHC).
  
  
  METHODS
  217 women aged 15-35 years attending PHC for dysuria or urgency-frequency.
  
  
  METHODS
  Frequency of chlamydial infections. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values of EIA and bacteriuria screening tests, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of chlamydial infection was 3.7%. In spite of a high specificity of the EIA test (0.94 without DFA) the number of false positives exceeded the number of true positives. No single bacteriuria test showed sufficient diagnostic efficiency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Routine chlamydia testing in young women with UTI symptoms is recommended. EIA test on urine is of little use. Assessing diagnosis of UTI symptoms requires insight into the use of several rapid tests and a dialogue with the patient.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre of General Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Osterberg
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Aspevall
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grillner
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Persson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001437:Bacteriuria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D015994:Incidence; D008403:Mass Screening; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011320:Primary Health Care; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*